--- title: "Istio 1.1.7 安装　" date: 2019-05-19T19:44:00+08:00 --- #### Service Mesh(服务网格) --- Kubernetes 已经给我们带来了诸多的好处。但是仍有些需求比如 A/B 测试、金丝雀发布、限流、访问控制,端到端认证等需要运维人员进一步去解决。 Istio 是完全开源的服务网格,提供了一套完整的解决方案，可以透明地分层到现有的分布式应用程序上。对开发人员几乎无感的同时获得超能力。 如果想要现有的服务支持 Istio，只需要在当前的环境中部署一个特殊的 sidecar 代理，即可。 ##### 前提 ---- - 安装 Kubernetes 集群 1.9+ - [安装 Helm](./helm.md) ##### 准备 ---- 进入 [Istio release](https://github.com/istio/istio/releases) 页面下载最新版安装包并解压到当前目录, ```sh curl -L https://git.io/getLatestIstio | sh - ll istio-1.1.7/ total 40 drwxr-xr-x 2 root root 4096 May 15 08:59 bin drwxr-xr-x 6 root root 4096 May 15 08:59 install -rw-r--r-- 1 root root 602 May 15 08:59 istio.VERSION -rw-r--r-- 1 root root 11343 May 15 08:59 LICENSE -rw-r--r-- 1 root root 5921 May 15 08:59 README.md drwxr-xr-x 15 root root 4096 May 15 08:59 samples drwxr-xr-x 7 root root 4096 May 15 08:59 tools ``` - install Kubernetes 安装所需的 .yaml 文件 - samples Task中的示例应用 - bin/istioctl 客户端工具 - istio.VERSION 配置文件 #### 安装 ---- 注意事项 - Node 节点内存不能低于 4G，否则相关容器可能启动失败 - Istio 默认使用‘负载均衡器’服务对象类型。对于裸机安装没有负载均衡器的情况下，安装需指定‘NodePort’类型。 ##### 方案1：使用 Helm template 进行安装 ```bash cd /usr/local/src/istio-1.1.7 kubectl create namespace istio-system # 安装 istio-init chart，来启动 Istio CRD 的安装过程 helm template install/kubernetes/helm/istio-init --name istio-init --namespace istio-system --set gateways.istio-ingressgateway.type=NodePort --set gateways.istio-egressgateway.type=NodePort | kubectl apply -f - # 稍等一会儿执行 # 输出 53 或者 58 （若开启了 cert-manager） kubectl get crds | grep 'istio.io\|certmanager.k8s.io' | wc -l # 部署与你选择的配置文件相对应的 Istio 的核心组件 # 不同配置说明 https://istio.io/zh/docs/setup/kubernetes/additional-setup/config-profiles/ # 选择 default 配置 helm template install/kubernetes/helm/istio --name istio --namespace istio-system \ --set gateways.istio-ingressgateway.type=NodePort \ --set gateways.istio-egressgateway.type=NodePort | kubectl apply -f - # 或选择 demo 配置 helm template install/kubernetes/helm/istio --name istio --namespace istio-system \ --set gateways.istio-ingressgateway.type=NodePort \ --set gateways.istio-egressgateway.type=NodePort \ --values install/kubernetes/helm/istio/values-istio-demo.yaml | kubectl apply -f - ``` ##### 方案2：在 Helm 和 Tiller 的环境中使用 helm install 命令进行安装 见[官方文档](https://istio.io/zh/docs/setup/kubernetes/install/helm/#%E6%96%B9%E6%A1%88-2-%E5%9C%A8-helm-%E5%92%8C-tiller-%E7%9A%84%E7%8E%AF%E5%A2%83%E4%B8%AD%E4%BD%BF%E7%94%A8-helm-install-%E5%91%BD%E4%BB%A4%E8%BF%9B%E8%A1%8C%E5%AE%89%E8%A3%85) ##### 验证 ```bash kubectl get pod -n istio-system # default 配置时 NAME READY STATUS RESTARTS AGE istio-citadel-899dfb67c-5hlsc 1/1 Running 0 49s istio-cleanup-secrets-1.1.7-nkdxt 0/1 Completed 0 50s istio-galley-555dd7c7d7-rpfln 1/1 Running 0 49s istio-ingressgateway-5b547dfb7b-ctm5l 1/1 Running 0 49s istio-init-crd-10-l9xcj 0/1 Completed 0 66s istio-init-crd-11-nqvml 0/1 Completed 0 66s istio-pilot-9f5c75ddf-n5s6p 2/2 Running 0 49s istio-policy-bd45d757d-6qcdg 2/2 Running 1 49s istio-security-post-install-1.1.7-nbwwv 0/1 Completed 0 50s istio-sidecar-injector-998dd6cbb-n2hdm 1/1 Running 0 49s istio-telemetry-656df5b64-k8vkf 2/2 Running 1 49s prometheus-7f87866f5f-t97wc 1/1 Running 0 49s # demo 配置时 grafana-749c78bcc5-fbzmn 1/1 Running 0 101s istio-citadel-899dfb67c-8shx2 1/1 Running 0 100s istio-cleanup-secrets-1.1.7-jbhsl 0/1 Completed 0 102s istio-egressgateway-748d5fd794-x5bjt 1/1 Running 0 101s istio-galley-555dd7c7d7-86r2b 1/1 Running 0 101s istio-grafana-post-install-1.1.7-kq7b4 0/1 Completed 0 103s istio-ingressgateway-55dd86767f-jd9m4 1/1 Running 0 101s istio-init-crd-10-l9xcj 0/1 Completed 0 16m istio-init-crd-11-nqvml 0/1 Completed 0 16m istio-pilot-6964dd4957-7bzdq 2/2 Running 0 101s istio-policy-689687bd77-ncw2n 2/2 Running 1 101s istio-security-post-install-1.1.7-t2kwh 0/1 Completed 0 102s istio-sidecar-injector-998dd6cbb-7mwkh 1/1 Running 0 100s istio-telemetry-8564679887-59c8z 2/2 Running 1 101s istio-tracing-595796cf54-jn49s 1/1 Running 0 100s kiali-5df77dc9b6-psjs4 1/1 Running 0 101s prometheus-7f87866f5f-hrbgt 1/1 Running 0 100s ``` ```bash kubectl get svc -n istio-system # default 配置时 NAME TYPE CLUSTER-IP EXTERNAL-IP PORT(S) AGE istio-citadel ClusterIP 10.68.236.249 8060/TCP,15014/TCP 75s istio-galley ClusterIP 10.68.105.102 443/TCP,15014/TCP,9901/TCP 75s istio-ingressgateway NodePort 10.68.181.46 15020:32761/TCP,80:31380/TCP,443:31390/TCP,31400:31400/TCP,15029:33185/TCP,15030:20745/TCP,15031:36208/TCP,15032:34095/TCP,15443:36244/TCP 75s istio-pilot ClusterIP 10.68.252.143 15010/TCP,15011/TCP,8080/TCP,15014/TCP 75s istio-policy ClusterIP 10.68.40.51 9091/TCP,15004/TCP,15014/TCP 75s istio-sidecar-injector ClusterIP 10.68.55.134 443/TCP 74s istio-telemetry ClusterIP 10.68.16.11 9091/TCP,15004/TCP,15014/TCP,42422/TCP 75s prometheus ClusterIP 10.68.65.238 9090/TCP 75s # demo 配置时 NAME TYPE CLUSTER-IP EXTERNAL-IP PORT(S) AGE grafana ClusterIP 10.68.65.248 3000/TCP 2m27s istio-citadel ClusterIP 10.68.72.100 8060/TCP,15014/TCP 2m26s istio-egressgateway NodePort 10.68.21.24 80:26775/TCP,443:28249/TCP,15443:38494/TCP 2m27s istio-galley ClusterIP 10.68.73.9 443/TCP,15014/TCP,9901/TCP 2m27s istio-ingressgateway NodePort 10.68.122.190 15020:39248/TCP,80:31380/TCP,443:31390/TCP,31400:31400/TCP,15029:33522/TCP,15030:26010/TCP,15031:27064/TCP,15032:32158/TCP,15443:30848/TCP 2m27s istio-pilot ClusterIP 10.68.116.5 15010/TCP,15011/TCP,8080/TCP,15014/TCP 2m26s istio-policy ClusterIP 10.68.239.246 9091/TCP,15004/TCP,15014/TCP 2m27s istio-sidecar-injector ClusterIP 10.68.93.151 443/TCP 2m26s istio-telemetry ClusterIP 10.68.117.254 9091/TCP,15004/TCP,15014/TCP,42422/TCP 2m26s jaeger-agent ClusterIP None 5775/UDP,6831/UDP,6832/UDP 2m25s jaeger-collector ClusterIP 10.68.103.8 14267/TCP,14268/TCP 2m26s jaeger-query ClusterIP 10.68.73.252 16686/TCP 2m26s kiali ClusterIP 10.68.214.228 20001/TCP 2m27s prometheus ClusterIP 10.68.203.209 9090/TCP 2m26s tracing ClusterIP 10.68.113.236 80/TCP 2m25s zipkin ClusterIP 10.68.96.189 9411/TCP 2m25s ``` ##### Sidecar 的自动注入 注意事项 需要在kube-apiserver 启动 admission-control 参数中加入 MutatingAdmissionWebhook 和 ValidatingAdmissionWebhook并确保正确的顺序,如果是多master安装，确保每个kube-apiserver都要进行修改。 ##### 部署应用验证 istio 的samples目录中有很多示例。我们现在使用samples/sleep/sleep.yaml 来验证刚刚开启的Sidecar自动注入功能。 进入目录 istio-1.1.7/ 部署一个新的应用 ```bash cd istio-1.1.7/ kubectl apply -f samples/sleep/sleep.yaml kubectl get pod NAME READY STATUS RESTARTS AGE sleep-7549f66447-wv8cl 1/1 Running 0 1m ``` 一切都是熟悉的味道。下面给 default 命名空间设置标签：istio-injection=enabled，这样就会在pod 创建时触发 Sidecar 的注入过程。从此default 名称空间拥有了超能力. ```bash kubectl label namespace default istio-injection=enabled kubectl get namespace -L istio-injection NAME STATUS AGE ISTIO-INJECTION default Active 1h enabled istio-system Active 3d22h kube-public Active 4d2h kube-system Active 4d2h ``` 接下来删除上面创建的pod，观察下有什么变化。 ```bash kubectl delete pod sleep-7549f66447-wv8cl pod "sleep-7549f66447-wv8cl" deleted kubectl get pod NAME READY STATUS RESTARTS AGE sleep-7549f66447-x4td6 2/2 Running 0 37s ``` 刚刚的pod里面现在已经拥有两个容器，进入pod一探究竟。 ```bash kubectl describe pod sleep-7549f66447-x4td6 .... Containers: sleep: Container ID: docker:// Image: pstauffer/curl .... istio-proxy: Container ID: docker:// Image: docker.io/istio/proxyv2:1.1.7 .... ``` 多出了一个 `istio-proxy` 容器及其对应的存储卷 #### 卸载istio --- ```bash # 采用 default 配置安装 helm template install/kubernetes/helm/istio --name istio --namespace istio-system | kubectl delete -f - # 采用 demo 配置安装 helm template install/kubernetes/helm/istio --name istio --namespace istio-system \ --values install/kubernetes/helm/istio/values-istio-demo.yaml | kubectl delete -f - kubectl delete namespace istio-system ``` #### 资源 - [官方安装文档](https://istio.io/zh/docs/setup/kubernetes/install/helm/)