更新了公开课相关资源
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{
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"python.pythonPath": "/Library/Frameworks/Python.framework/Versions/3.7/bin/python3",
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"files.associations": {
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"stdlib.h": "c"
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}
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}
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@ -10,7 +10,6 @@ Date: 2018-03-02
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import time
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import math
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start = time.clock()
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for num in range(1, 10000):
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sum = 0
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for factor in range(1, int(math.sqrt(num)) + 1):
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@ -20,7 +19,3 @@ for num in range(1, 10000):
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sum += num / factor
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if sum == num:
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print(num)
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end = time.clock()
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print("执行时间:", (end - start), "秒")
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# 通过比较上面两种不同的解决方案的执行时间 意识到优化程序的重要性
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@ -28,7 +28,7 @@ class Student(object):
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if self.age < 18:
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print('%s只能观看《熊出没》.' % self.name)
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else:
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print('%s正在观看岛国爱情动作片.' % self.name)
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print('%s正在观看岛国大电影.' % self.name)
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def main():
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@ -1,50 +0,0 @@
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"""
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多进程和进程池的使用
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多线程因为GIL的存在不能够发挥CPU的多核特性
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对于计算密集型任务应该考虑使用多进程
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time python3 example22.py
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real 0m11.512s
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user 0m39.319s
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sys 0m0.169s
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"""
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import concurrent.futures
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import math
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PRIMES = [
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1116281,
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1297337,
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104395303,
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472882027,
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533000389,
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817504243,
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982451653,
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112272535095293,
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112582705942171,
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112272535095293,
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115280095190773,
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115797848077099,
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1099726899285419
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] * 5
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def is_prime(n):
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"""判断素数"""
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if n % 2 == 0:
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return False
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sqrt_n = int(math.floor(math.sqrt(n)))
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for i in range(3, sqrt_n + 1, 2):
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if n % i == 0:
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return False
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return True
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def main():
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"""主函数"""
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with concurrent.futures.ProcessPoolExecutor() as executor:
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for number, prime in zip(PRIMES, executor.map(is_prime, PRIMES)):
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print('%d is prime: %s' % (number, prime))
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if __name__ == '__main__':
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main()
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## 好玩的Python
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因为下面的代码都非常简单,简单到直接使用Python的交互式环境就能完成。当然,官方Python自带的交互式环境比较难用,推荐大家使用ipython,可以使用下面的命令来安装ipython,安装成功后键入ipython命令就能进入交互式环境。
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```Shell
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pip install ipython
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```
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或
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```Shell
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pip3 install ipython
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```
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ipython最直观的优点:
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1. 可以用?或者??来获取帮助。
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2. 可以用!调用系统命令。
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3. 可以使用Tab键自动补全。
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4. 可以使用魔法指令,如:%timeit。
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### 没有工具用代码也能P图
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1. 安装pillow三方库。
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PIL(Python Imaging Library)是Python平台事实上的图像处理标准库了。PIL功能非常强大,而API却非常简单易用。但是PIL仅支持到Python 2.7,而且很多年都没有人维护了,于是一群志愿者在PIL的基础上创建了兼容的版本,名字叫[Pillow](https://github.com/python-pillow/Pillow),除了支持Python 3.x还加入了很多有用且有趣的新特性。
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```Shell
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pip install pillow
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```
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或
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```Shell
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pip3 install pillow
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```
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2. 加载图片。
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```Python
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from PIL import Image
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chiling = Image.open('chiling.jpg')
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chiling.show()
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```
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3. 使用滤镜。
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```Shell
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from PIL import ImageFilter
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chiling.filter(ImageFilter.EMBOSS).show()
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chiling.filter(ImageFilter.CONTOUR).show()
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```
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4. 图像剪裁和粘贴。
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```Python
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rect = 220, 690, 265, 740
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watch = chiling.crop(rect)
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watch.show()
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blured_watch = watch.filter(ImageFilter.GaussianBlur(4))
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chiling.paste(blured_watch, (220, 690))
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chiling.show()
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```
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5. 生成镜像。
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```Python
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chiling2 = chiling.transpose(Image.FLIP_LEFT_RIGHT)
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chiling2.show()
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```
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6. 生成缩略图。
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```Python
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width, height = chiling.size
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width, height = int(width * 0.4), int(height * 0.4)
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chiling.thumbnail((width, height))
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```
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7. 合成图片。
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```Python
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frame = Image.open('frame.jpg')
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frame.show()
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frame.paste(chiling, (210, 150))
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frame.paste(chiling2, (522, 150))
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frame.show()
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```
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上面的知识在[Python-100-Days](https://github.com/jackfrued/Python-100-Days)项目的[第15天](<https://github.com/jackfrued/Python-100-Days/blob/master/Day01-15/15.%E5%9B%BE%E5%83%8F%E5%92%8C%E5%8A%9E%E5%85%AC%E6%96%87%E6%A1%A3%E5%A4%84%E7%90%86.md>)中也有对应的内容。
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### 向微信好友群发祝福视频
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1. 安装itchat三方库。
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[itchat](<https://itchat.readthedocs.io/zh/latest/>)是一个开源的微信个人号接口,使用Python调用微信从未如此简单。
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```Shell
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pip install itchat
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```
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或
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```Shell
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pip3 install itchat
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```
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2. 登录微信。
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```Python
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import itchat
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itchat.auto_login()
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```
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> 说明:用自己的微信扫描屏幕上出现的二维码就完成了登录操作,登录之后才能获取自己的好友信息以及发送消息给自己的好友。
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3. 查找自己的朋友。
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```Python
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friends_list = itchat.get_friends(update=True)
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print(len(friends_list))
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luohao = friends_list[0]
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props = ['NickName', 'Signature', 'Sex']
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for prop in props:
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print(luohao[prop])
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```
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> 说明:friends_list相当于是一个列表,列表中的第一个元素是自己。
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4. 随机选出5个朋友,获得他们的用户名、昵称、签名。
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```Python
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lucky_friends = random.sample(friends_list[1:], 5)
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props = ['NickName', 'Signature', 'City']
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for friend in lucky_friends:
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for prop in props:
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print(friend[prop] or '没有此项信息')
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print('-' * 80)
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```
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5. 给朋友发送文字消息。
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```Python
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itchat.send_msg('急需一个红包来拯救堕落的灵魂!!!', toUserName='@8e06606db03f0e28d0ff884083f727e6')
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```
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6. 群发视频给幸运的朋友们。
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```Python
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lucky_friends = random.sample(friends_list[1:], 5)
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for friend in lucky_friends:
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username = friend['UserName']
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itchat.send_video('/Users/Hao/Desktop/my_test_video.mp4', toUserName=username)
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```
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利用itchat还能做很多事情,比如有好友给自己发了消息又撤回了,如果想查看这些被撤回的消息,itchat就可以做到(注册一个接收消息的钩子函数,请参考[CSDN上的一篇文章](<https://blog.csdn.net/enweitech/article/details/79585043>));再比如,有时候我们想知道某个好友有没有把我们删除或者拉入黑名单,也可以利用itchat封装的群聊功能,非好友和黑名单用户不会被拉入群聊,通过创建群聊函数的返回值就可以判定你和指定的人之间的关系。
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### 不用客户端查看热点新闻
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1. 安装requests库。(点击常看[官方文档](<https://2.python-requests.org/zh_CN/latest/>))
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![](./res/requests.png)
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```Shell
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pip install requests
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```
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或
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```Shell
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pip3 install requests
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```
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2. 爬取新闻数据或者通过API接口获取新闻数据。
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```Python
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import requests
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resp = requests.get('http://api.tianapi.com/allnews/?key=请使用自己申请的Key&col=7&num=50')
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```
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> 说明:上面使用了天行数据提供的数据接口,需要的话可以自行去[天行数据](<https://www.tianapi.com/>)的网站注册开通。
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3. 使用反序列化将JSON字符串解析为字典并获取新闻列表。
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```Python
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import json
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newslist = json.loads(resp.text)['newslist']
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```
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4. 对新闻列表进行循环遍历,找到感兴趣的新闻,例如:华为。
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```Python
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for news in newslist:
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title = news['title']
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url = news['url']
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if '华为' in title:
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print(title)
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print(url)
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```
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5. 调用短信网关发送短信到手机上,告知关注的新闻标题并给出链接。
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```Python
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import re
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pattern = re.compile(r'https*:\/\/[^\/]*\/(?P<url>.*)')
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matcher = pattern.match(url)
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if matcher:
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url = matcher.group('url')
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resp = requests.post(
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url='http://sms-api.luosimao.com/v1/send.json',
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auth=('api', 'key-请使用你自己申请的Key'),
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data={
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'mobile': '13548041193',
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'message': f'发现一条您可能感兴趣的新闻 - {title},详情点击https://news.china.com/{url} 查看。【Python小课】'
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},
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timeout=10,
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verify=False
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)
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```
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> 说明:上面的代码使用了[螺丝帽](<https://luosimao.com/>)的短信网关,利用短信网关发送短信是需要支付费用的,但是一般的平台都会提供免费测试的短信,但是发送短信必须遵守平台的规则,违规的短信是无法发送的。上面发短信时使用的短信模板(“发现一条您可能感兴趣的新闻 - ###,详情点击https://news.china.com/### 查看。”)和短信签名(“【Python小课】”)需要登录螺丝帽管理平台进行配置,如果不清楚如何配置,这些平台都是有客服的哟。
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链接:https://pan.baidu.com/s/1YMFb-dv8pHAfeSPXQoDoHA 密码:obdu
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