更新了数据库阶段的文档
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@ -345,8 +345,6 @@ mongo --host 172.18.61.250
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MongoDB shell version v3.6.5
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MongoDB shell version v3.6.5
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connecting to: mongodb://172.18.61.250:27017/
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connecting to: mongodb://172.18.61.250:27017/
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...
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>
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```
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```
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1. 查看、创建和删除数据库。
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1. 查看、创建和删除数据库。
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@ -544,4 +542,4 @@ python3
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>>>
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>>>
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```
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```
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关于PyMongo更多的知识可以通过它的[官方文档](https://api.mongodb.com/python/current/tutorial.html)进行了解。
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关于PyMongo更多的知识可以通过它的[官方文档](https://api.mongodb.com/python/current/tutorial.html)进行了解,也可以使用[MongoEngine](<https://pypi.org/project/mongoengine/>)这样的库来简化Python程序对MongoDB的操作,除此之外,还有以异步I/O方式访问MongoDB的三方库[motor](<https://pypi.org/project/motor/>)都是不错的选择。
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@ -87,6 +87,12 @@
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netstat -nap | grep mysql
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netstat -nap | grep mysql
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```
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```
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也可以使用下面的命令查找是否有名为mysqld的进程。
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```Shell
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pgrep mysqld
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```
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- 使用MySQL客户端工具连接服务器。
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- 使用MySQL客户端工具连接服务器。
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命令行工具:
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命令行工具:
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@ -177,35 +183,32 @@
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-- 创建学院表
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-- 创建学院表
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create table tb_college
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create table tb_college
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(
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(
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collid int not null auto_increment comment '编号',
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collid int auto_increment comment '编号',
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collname varchar(50) not null comment '名称',
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collname varchar(50) not null comment '名称',
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collmaster varchar(20) not null comment '院长',
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collmaster varchar(20) not null comment '院长',
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collweb varchar(511) default '' comment '网站',
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primary key (collid)
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primary key (collid)
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);
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);
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-- 创建学生表
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-- 创建学生表
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create table tb_student
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create table tb_student
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(
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(
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stuid int not null comment '学号',
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stuid int not null comment '学号',
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stuname varchar(20) not null comment '姓名',
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stuname varchar(20) not null comment '姓名',
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stusex bit default 1 comment '性别',
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stusex boolean default 1 comment '性别',
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stubirth date not null comment '出生日期',
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stubirth date not null comment '出生日期',
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stuaddr varchar(255) default '' comment '籍贯',
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stuaddr varchar(255) default '' comment '籍贯',
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collid int not null comment '所属学院',
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collid int not null comment '所属学院',
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primary key (stuid),
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primary key (stuid),
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foreign key (collid) references tb_college (collid)
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foreign key (collid) references tb_college (collid)
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);
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);
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-- alter table tb_student add constraint fk_student_collid foreign key (collid) references tb_college (collid);
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-- 创建教师表
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-- 创建教师表
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create table tb_teacher
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create table tb_teacher
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(
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(
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teaid int not null comment '工号',
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teaid int not null comment '工号',
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teaname varchar(20) not null comment '姓名',
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teaname varchar(20) not null comment '姓名',
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teatitle varchar(10) default '助教' comment '职称',
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teatitle varchar(10) default '助教' comment '职称',
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collid int not null comment '所属学院',
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collid int not null comment '所属学院',
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primary key (teaid),
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primary key (teaid),
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foreign key (collid) references tb_college (collid)
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foreign key (collid) references tb_college (collid)
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);
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);
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@ -213,40 +216,37 @@
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-- 创建课程表
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-- 创建课程表
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create table tb_course
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create table tb_course
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(
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(
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couid int not null comment '编号',
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couid int not null comment '编号',
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couname varchar(50) not null comment '名称',
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couname varchar(50) not null comment '名称',
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coucredit int not null comment '学分',
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coucredit int not null comment '学分',
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teaid int not null comment '授课老师',
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teaid int not null comment '授课老师',
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primary key (couid),
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primary key (couid),
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foreign key (teaid) references tb_teacher (teaid)
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foreign key (teaid) references tb_teacher (teaid)
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);
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);
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-- 创建选课记录表
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-- 创建选课记录表
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create table tb_score
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create table tb_record
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(
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(
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scid int auto_increment comment '选课记录编号',
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recid int auto_increment comment '选课记录编号',
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stuid int not null comment '选课学生',
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sid int not null comment '选课学生',
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couid int not null comment '所选课程',
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cid int not null comment '所选课程',
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scdate datetime comment '选课时间日期',
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seldate datetime default now() comment '选课时间日期',
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scmark decimal(4,1) comment '考试成绩',
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score decimal(4,1) comment '考试成绩',
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primary key (scid),
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primary key (recid),
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foreign key (stuid) references tb_student (stuid),
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foreign key (sid) references tb_student (stuid),
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foreign key (couid) references tb_course (couid)
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foreign key (cid) references tb_course (couid),
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unique (sid, cid)
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);
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);
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-- 添加唯一性约束(一个学生选某个课程只能选一次)
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alter table tb_score add constraint uni_score_stuid_couid unique (stuid, couid);
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```
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```
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2. DML
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2. DML
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```SQL
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```SQL
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-- 插入学院数据
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-- 插入学院数据
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insert into tb_college (collname, collmaster, collweb) values
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insert into tb_college (collname, collmaster) values
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('计算机学院', '左冷禅', 'http://www.abc.com'),
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('计算机学院', '左冷禅'),
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('外国语学院', '岳不群', 'http://www.xyz.com'),
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('外国语学院', '岳不群'),
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('经济管理学院', '风清扬', 'http://www.foo.com');
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('经济管理学院', '风清扬');
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-- 插入学生数据
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-- 插入学生数据
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insert into tb_student (stuid, stuname, stusex, stubirth, stuaddr, collid) values
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insert into tb_student (stuid, stuname, stusex, stubirth, stuaddr, collid) values
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(9999, '审计学', 3, 3366);
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(9999, '审计学', 3, 3366);
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-- 插入选课数据
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-- 插入选课数据
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insert into tb_score (stuid, couid, scdate, scmark) values
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insert into tb_record (sid, cid, seldate, score) values
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(1001, 1111, '2017-09-01', 95),
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(1001, 1111, '2017-09-01', 95),
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(1001, 2222, '2017-09-01', 87.5),
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(1001, 2222, '2017-09-01', 87.5),
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(1001, 3333, '2017-09-01', 100),
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(1001, 3333, '2017-09-01', 100),
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@ -304,9 +304,9 @@
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(1378, 1111, '2017-09-05', 82),
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(1378, 1111, '2017-09-05', 82),
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(1378, 7777, '2017-09-02', 65.5),
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(1378, 7777, '2017-09-02', 65.5),
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(2035, 7777, '2018-09-03', 88),
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(2035, 7777, '2018-09-03', 88),
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(2035, 9999, curdate(), null),
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(2035, 9999, default, null),
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(3755, 1111, date(now()), null),
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(3755, 1111, default, null),
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(3755, 8888, date(now()), null),
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(3755, 8888, default, null),
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(3755, 9999, '2017-09-01', 92);
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(3755, 9999, '2017-09-01', 92);
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```
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```
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@ -460,6 +460,26 @@
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- 隔离性:多个事务并发执行时,一个事务的执行不应影响其他事务的执行
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- 隔离性:多个事务并发执行时,一个事务的执行不应影响其他事务的执行
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- 持久性:已被提交的事务对数据库的修改应该永久保存在数据库中
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- 持久性:已被提交的事务对数据库的修改应该永久保存在数据库中
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3. MySQL中的事务操作
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- 开启事务环境
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```SQL
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start transaction
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```
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- 提交事务
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```Shell
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commit
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```
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- 回滚事务
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```SQL
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rollback
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```
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### Python数据库编程
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### Python数据库编程
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我们用如下所示的数据库来演示在Python中如何访问MySQL数据库。
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我们用如下所示的数据库来演示在Python中如何访问MySQL数据库。
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