diff --git a/.gitignore b/.gitignore
index 543d617fe..330a871b0 100644
--- a/.gitignore
+++ b/.gitignore
@@ -1,6 +1,7 @@
 *.swp
 .cache/
 .vscode
+.ccache
 .env
 *.code-workspace
 .ipynb_checkpoints
@@ -26,3 +27,8 @@ bazel-*
 
 # Autogenerated files
 /python/torch_mlir/csrc/base_lazy_backend/generated
+
+#Docker builds
+build_oot/
+docker_venv/
+llvm-build/
diff --git a/build_tools/docker/Dockerfile b/build_tools/docker/Dockerfile
new file mode 100644
index 000000000..1027a1141
--- /dev/null
+++ b/build_tools/docker/Dockerfile
@@ -0,0 +1,54 @@
+ARG BASE_IMG=ubuntu:22.04
+FROM ${BASE_IMG} as dev-base
+
+# Disable apt-key parse waring. If someone knows how to do whatever the "proper"
+# thing is then feel free. The warning complains about parsing apt-key output,
+# which we're not even doing.
+ARG APT_KEY_DONT_WARN_ON_DANGEROUS_USAGE=1
+
+ARG ARCH="x86_64"
+ARG REPO_NAME="deb http://apt.llvm.org/jammy/ llvm-toolchain-jammy main"
+RUN apt-get update && \
+    apt-get install -y \
+    ca-certificates \
+    software-properties-common \
+    wget \
+    apt-transport-https \
+    ccache \
+    curl \
+    cmake \
+    ninja-build \
+    git \
+    gnupg \
+    lsb-release \
+    python3-pip \
+    python3.10 \
+    python3.10-dev \
+    python3.10-venv \
+    unzip && \
+    echo $REPO_NAME >> /etc/apt/sources.list.d/llvm.list && \
+    wget -O - https://apt.llvm.org/llvm-snapshot.gpg.key| apt-key add - && \
+    apt-get update && \
+    apt-get install -y \
+    clang \
+    lld
+
+######## Bazel ########
+WORKDIR /install-bazel
+ARG BAZEL_VERSION=5.2.0
+
+# https://bazel.build/install/ubuntu
+RUN curl -fsSL https://bazel.build/bazel-release.pub.gpg \
+  | gpg --dearmor >bazel-archive-keyring.gpg \
+  && mv bazel-archive-keyring.gpg /usr/share/keyrings \
+  && echo "deb [arch=amd64 signed-by=/usr/share/keyrings/bazel-archive-keyring.gpg] https://storage.googleapis.com/bazel-apt stable jdk1.8" \
+  | tee /etc/apt/sources.list.d/bazel.list \
+  && apt-get update \
+  && apt-get install -y "bazel=${BAZEL_VERSION?}" \
+  && rm -rf /install-bazel
+
+### Clean up
+RUN apt-get clean \
+  && rm -rf /var/lib/apt/lists/*
+
+WORKDIR /main_checkout/torch-mlir
diff --git a/build_tools/python_deploy/build_linux_packages.sh b/build_tools/python_deploy/build_linux_packages.sh
index 887b4c8e8..44ab910c0 100755
--- a/build_tools/python_deploy/build_linux_packages.sh
+++ b/build_tools/python_deploy/build_linux_packages.sh
@@ -16,22 +16,21 @@
 #   ./build_tools/python_deploy/build_linux_packages.sh
 #
 # Build specific Python versions and packages to custom directory:
-#   python_versions="cp38-cp38 cp39-cp39" \
-#   packages="torch-mlir" \
-#   output_dir="/tmp/wheelhouse" \
+#   TM_PYTHON_VERSIONS="cp38-cp38 cp39-cp39" \
+#   TM_PACKAGES="torch-mlir" \
+#   TM_OUTPUT_DIR="/tmp/wheelhouse" \
 #   ./build_tools/python_deploy/build_linux_packages.sh
 #
 # Valid Python versions match a subdirectory under /opt/python in the docker
 # image. Typically:
-#   cp37-cp37m cp38-cp38 cp39-cp39 cp310-cp310
+#   cp38-cp38 cp39-cp39 cp310-cp310
 #
 # Valid packages:
-#   torch-mlir
+#   torch-mlir, in-tree, out-of-tree
 #
 # Note that this script is meant to be run on CI and it will pollute both the
-# output directory and in-tree build/ directories (under runtime/ and
-# iree/compiler/) with docker created, root owned builds. Sorry - there is
-# no good way around it.
+# output directory and in-tree build/ directories with docker created, root owned builds.
+# Sorry - there is no good way around it but TODO: move to using user UID/GID.
 #
 # It can be run on a workstation but recommend using a git worktree dedicated
 # to packaging to avoid stomping on development artifacts.
@@ -39,54 +38,117 @@ set -eu -o errtrace
 
 this_dir="$(cd "$(dirname "$0")" && pwd)"
 repo_root="$(cd "$this_dir"/../../ && pwd)"
-manylinux_docker_image="${manylinux_docker_image:-stellaraccident/manylinux2014_x86_64-bazel-5.1.0:latest}"
-python_versions="${TM_PYTHON_VERSIONS:-cp38-cp38 cp39-cp39 cp310-cp310}"
-output_dir="${output_dir:-${this_dir}/wheelhouse}"
-packages="${packages:-torch-mlir}"
+# This needs to be a manylinux image so we can ship pip packages
+TM_RELEASE_DOCKER_IMAGE="${TM_RELEASE_DOCKER_IMAGE:-stellaraccident/manylinux2014_x86_64-bazel-5.1.0:latest}"
+# This assumes an Ubuntu LTS like image. You can build your own with
+# ./build_tools/docker/Dockerfile
+TM_CI_DOCKER_IMAGE="${TM_CI_DOCKER_IMAGE:-powderluv/torch-mlir-ci:latest}"
+# Version of Python to use in Release builds. Ignored in CIs.
+TM_PYTHON_VERSIONS="${TM_PYTHON_VERSIONS:-cp38-cp38 cp39-cp39 cp310-cp310}"
+# Location to store Release wheels
+TM_OUTPUT_DIR="${TM_OUTPUT_DIR:-${this_dir}/wheelhouse}"
+# What "packages to build"
+TM_PACKAGES="${TM_PACKAGES:-torch-mlir out-of-tree in-tree}"
+# Use pre-built Pytorch
+TM_USE_PYTORCH_BINARY="${TM_USE_PYTORCH_BINARY:-ON}"
+# Skip running tests if you want quick iteration
+TM_SKIP_TESTS="${TM_SKIP_TESTS:-OFF}"
 
 PKG_VER_FILE="${repo_root}"/torch_mlir_package_version ; [ -f "$PKG_VER_FILE" ] && . "$PKG_VER_FILE"
 export TORCH_MLIR_PYTHON_PACKAGE_VERSION="${TORCH_MLIR_PYTHON_PACKAGE_VERSION:-0.0.1}"
 echo "Setting torch-mlir Python Package version to: ${TORCH_MLIR_PYTHON_PACKAGE_VERSION}"
 
 function run_on_host() {
-  echo "Running on host"
-  echo "Launching docker image ${manylinux_docker_image}"
-  echo "Outputting to ${output_dir}"
-  rm -rf "${output_dir}"
-  mkdir -p "${output_dir}"
+  echo "Running on host for $1:$@"
+  echo "Outputting to ${TM_OUTPUT_DIR}"
+  rm -rf "${TM_OUTPUT_DIR}"
+  mkdir -p "${TM_OUTPUT_DIR}"
+  case "$package" in
+    torch-mlir)
+      TM_CURRENT_DOCKER_IMAGE=${TM_RELEASE_DOCKER_IMAGE}
+      export USERID=0
+      export GROUPID=0
+      ;;
+    out-of-tree)
+      TM_CURRENT_DOCKER_IMAGE=${TM_CI_DOCKER_IMAGE}
+      # CI uses only Python3.10
+      TM_PYTHON_VERSIONS="cp310-cp310"
+      export USERID=$(id -u)
+      export GROUPID=$(id -g)
+      ;;
+    in-tree)
+      TM_CURRENT_DOCKER_IMAGE=${TM_CI_DOCKER_IMAGE}
+      # CI uses only Python3.10
+      TM_PYTHON_VERSIONS="cp310-cp310"
+      export USERID=$(id -u)
+      export GROUPID=$(id -g)
+      ;;
+    *)
+      echo "Unrecognized package '$package'"
+      exit 1
+      ;;
+  esac
+  echo "Launching docker image ${TM_CURRENT_DOCKER_IMAGE} with UID:${USERID} GID:${GROUPID}"
   docker run --rm \
     -v "${repo_root}:/main_checkout/torch-mlir" \
-    -v "${output_dir}:/wheelhouse" \
+    -v "${TM_OUTPUT_DIR}:/wheelhouse" \
+    -v "${HOME}:/home/${USER}" \
+    --user ${USERID}:${GROUPID} \
+    --workdir="/home/$USER" \
+    --volume="/etc/group:/etc/group:ro" \
+    --volume="/etc/passwd:/etc/passwd:ro" \
+    --volume="/etc/shadow:/etc/shadow:ro" \
+    --ipc=host \
+    --ulimit nofile=32768:32768 \
     -e __MANYLINUX_BUILD_WHEELS_IN_DOCKER=1 \
     -e "TORCH_MLIR_PYTHON_PACKAGE_VERSION=${TORCH_MLIR_PYTHON_PACKAGE_VERSION}" \
-    -e "python_versions=${python_versions}" \
-    -e "packages=${packages}" \
-    "${manylinux_docker_image}" \
-    -- bash /main_checkout/torch-mlir/build_tools/python_deploy/build_linux_packages.sh
+    -e "TM_PYTHON_VERSIONS=${TM_PYTHON_VERSIONS}" \
+    -e "TM_PACKAGES=${package}" \
+    -e "TM_SKIP_TESTS=${TM_SKIP_TESTS}" \
+    -e "TM_USE_PYTORCH_BINARY=${TM_USE_PYTORCH_BINARY}" \
+    -e "CCACHE_DIR=/main_checkout/torch-mlir/.ccache" \
+    "${TM_CURRENT_DOCKER_IMAGE}" \
+    /bin/bash /main_checkout/torch-mlir/build_tools/python_deploy/build_linux_packages.sh
 }
 
 function run_in_docker() {
   echo "Running in docker"
-  echo "Using python versions: ${python_versions}"
+  echo "Using python versions: ${TM_PYTHON_VERSIONS}"
 
   local orig_path="$PATH"
 
   # Build phase.
-  for package in $packages; do
-    echo "******************** BUILDING PACKAGE ${package} ********************"
-    for python_version in $python_versions; do
+  for package in $TM_PACKAGES; do
+    echo "******************** BUILDING PACKAGE ${package} (docker) ************"
+    for python_version in $TM_PYTHON_VERSIONS; do
       python_dir="/opt/python/$python_version"
       if ! [ -x "$python_dir/bin/python" ]; then
-        echo "ERROR: Could not find python: $python_dir (skipping)"
-        continue
+        echo "Could not find python: $python_dir (using system default Python3)"
+	      python_dir=`which python3`
+        echo "Defaulting to $python_dir (expected for CI builds)"
       fi
       export PATH=$python_dir/bin:$orig_path
-      echo ":::: Python version $(python --version)"
+      echo ":::: Python version $(python3 --version)"
       case "$package" in
         torch-mlir)
           clean_wheels torch_mlir "$python_version"
           build_torch_mlir
           #run_audit_wheel torch_mlir "$python_version"
+          clean_build torch_mlir "$python_version"
+          ;;
+        out-of-tree)
+          setup_venv "$python_version"
+          build_out_of_tree "$TM_USE_PYTORCH_BINARY" "$python_version"
+          if [ "${TM_SKIP_TESTS}" == "OFF" ]; then
+            test_out_of_tree
+          fi
+          ;;
+        in-tree)
+          setup_venv "$python_version"
+          build_in_tree "$TM_USE_PYTORCH_BINARY" "$python_version"
+          if [ "${TM_SKIP_TESTS}" == "OFF" ]; then
+            test_in_tree;
+          fi
           ;;
         *)
           echo "Unrecognized package '$package'"
@@ -97,6 +159,121 @@ function run_in_docker() {
   done
 }
 
+
+function build_in_tree() {
+  local torch_from_src="$1"
+  local python_version="$2"
+  echo ":::: Build in-tree Torch from source: $torch_from_src with Python: $python_version"
+  cmake -GNinja -B/main_checkout/torch-mlir/build \
+      -DCMAKE_BUILD_TYPE=Release \
+      -DCMAKE_C_COMPILER=clang \
+      -DCMAKE_CXX_COMPILER=clang++ \
+      -DCMAKE_LINKER=lld \
+      -DLLVM_ENABLE_ASSERTIONS=ON \
+      -DCMAKE_C_COMPILER_LAUNCHER=ccache \
+      -DCMAKE_CXX_COMPILER_LAUNCHER=ccache \
+      -DLLVM_ENABLE_PROJECTS=mlir \
+      -DLLVM_EXTERNAL_PROJECTS="torch-mlir;torch-mlir-dialects" \
+      -DLLVM_EXTERNAL_TORCH_MLIR_SOURCE_DIR="/main_checkout/torch-mlir" \
+      -DLLVM_EXTERNAL_TORCH_MLIR_DIALECTS_SOURCE_DIR="/main_checkout/torch-mlir/externals/llvm-external-projects/torch-mlir-dialects" \
+      -DLLVM_TARGETS_TO_BUILD=host \
+      -DMLIR_ENABLE_BINDINGS_PYTHON=ON \
+      -DTORCH_MLIR_ENABLE_LTC=OFF \
+      -DTORCH_MLIR_USE_INSTALLED_PYTORCH="$torch_from_src" \
+      -DPython3_EXECUTABLE="$(which python3)" \
+      /main_checkout/torch-mlir/externals/llvm-project/llvm
+  cmake --build /main_checkout/torch-mlir/build
+  ccache -s
+}
+
+function test_in_tree() {
+  echo ":::: Test in-tree"
+  cmake --build /main_checkout/torch-mlir/build --target check-torch-mlir-all
+
+  cd /main_checkout/torch-mlir/
+  export PYTHONPATH="/main_checkout/torch-mlir/build/tools/torch-mlir/python_packages/torch_mlir"
+
+  echo ":::: Run refbackend e2e integration tests"
+  python -m e2e_testing.main --config=refbackend -v
+
+  echo ":::: Run eager_mode e2e integration tests"
+  python -m e2e_testing.main --config=eager_mode -v
+
+  echo ":::: Run TOSA e2e integration tests"
+  python -m e2e_testing.main --config=tosa -v
+
+  echo ":::: Run Lazy Tensor Core e2e integration tests"
+  # Temporarily disabled in top of main (https://github.com/llvm/torch-mlir/pull/1292)
+  #python -m e2e_testing.torchscript.main --config=lazy_tensor_core -v
+}
+
+function setup_venv() {
+  local python_version="$1"
+  echo ":::: Setting up VENV with Python: $python_version"
+  python3 -m venv /main_checkout/torch-mlir/docker_venv
+  source /main_checkout/torch-mlir/docker_venv/bin/activate
+
+  echo ":::: pip installing dependencies"
+  python3 -m pip install -r /main_checkout/torch-mlir/externals/llvm-project/mlir/python/requirements.txt
+  python3 -m pip install -r /main_checkout/torch-mlir/requirements.txt
+
+}
+
+function build_out_of_tree() {
+  local torch_from_src="$1"
+  local python_version="$2"
+  echo ":::: Build out-of-tree Torch from source: $torch_from_src with Python: $python_version"
+
+  if [ ! -d "/main_checkout/torch-mlir/llvm-build/lib/cmake/mlir/" ]
+  then
+  echo ":::: LLVM / MLIR is not built so building it first.."
+    cmake -GNinja -B/main_checkout/torch-mlir/llvm-build \
+        -DCMAKE_BUILD_TYPE=Release \
+        -DCMAKE_C_COMPILER=clang \
+        -DCMAKE_CXX_COMPILER=clang++ \
+        -DCMAKE_C_COMPILER_LAUNCHER=ccache \
+        -DCMAKE_CXX_COMPILER_LAUNCHER=ccache \
+        -DCMAKE_LINKER=lld \
+        -DLLVM_ENABLE_ASSERTIONS=ON \
+        -DLLVM_ENABLE_PROJECTS=mlir \
+        -DLLVM_TARGETS_TO_BUILD=host \
+        -DMLIR_ENABLE_BINDINGS_PYTHON=ON \
+        -DPython3_EXECUTABLE="$(which python3)" \
+        /main_checkout/torch-mlir/externals/llvm-project/llvm
+    cmake --build /main_checkout/torch-mlir/llvm-build
+  fi
+
+  # Incremental builds come here directly and can run cmake if required.
+  cmake -GNinja -B/main_checkout/torch-mlir/build_oot \
+      -DCMAKE_C_COMPILER=clang \
+      -DCMAKE_CXX_COMPILER=clang++ \
+      -DCMAKE_C_COMPILER_LAUNCHER=ccache \
+      -DCMAKE_CXX_COMPILER_LAUNCHER=ccache \
+      -DCMAKE_LINKER=lld \
+      -DLLVM_DIR="/main_checkout/torch-mlir/llvm-build/lib/cmake/llvm/" \
+      -DMLIR_DIR="/main_checkout/torch-mlir/llvm-build/lib/cmake/mlir/" \
+      -DMLIR_ENABLE_BINDINGS_PYTHON=OFF \
+      -DTORCH_MLIR_ENABLE_LTC=OFF \
+      -DTORCH_MLIR_USE_INSTALLED_PYTORCH="$torch_from_src" \
+      -DPython3_EXECUTABLE="$(which python3)" \
+      /main_checkout/torch-mlir
+  cmake --build /main_checkout/torch-mlir/build_oot
+  ccache -s
+}
+
+function test_out_of_tree() {
+  echo ":::: Test out-of-tree"
+  cmake --build /main_checkout/torch-mlir/build_oot --target check-torch-mlir-all
+}
+
+function clean_build() {
+  # clean up for recursive runs
+  local package="$1"
+  local python_version="$2"
+  echo ":::: Clean build dir $package $python_version"
+  rm -rf /main_checkout/torch-mlir/build /main_checkout/torch-mlir/llvm-build /main_checkout/torch-mlir/docker_venv  /main_checkout/torch-mlir/libtorch
+}
+
 function build_torch_mlir() {
   python -m pip install -r /main_checkout/torch-mlir/requirements.txt --extra-index-url https://download.pytorch.org/whl/nightly/cpu
   CMAKE_GENERATOR=Ninja \
@@ -123,7 +300,10 @@ function clean_wheels() {
 
 # Trampoline to the docker container if running on the host.
 if [ -z "${__MANYLINUX_BUILD_WHEELS_IN_DOCKER-}" ]; then
-  run_on_host "$@"
+  for package in $TM_PACKAGES; do
+    echo "******************** BUILDING PACKAGE ${package} (host) *************"
+    run_on_host "${package} $@"
+  done
 else
   run_in_docker "$@"
 fi
diff --git a/docs/development.md b/docs/development.md
index 231b9aba9..46bdb9c56 100644
--- a/docs/development.md
+++ b/docs/development.md
@@ -22,6 +22,121 @@ python -m pip install --upgrade pip
 python -m pip install -r requirements.txt
 ```
 
+## Docker Builds
+
+We have preliminary support for building with Docker images. This is a new
+flow and we would like your feedback on how it works for you and please
+feel free to file any feedback or issues.
+
+Install [Docker Engine](https://docs.docker.com/engine/install/ubuntu/). You don't need Docker Desktop.
+
+You have three types of builds selectable with the Environment Variable `TM_PACKAGES`:`torch-mlir` the
+Release build, `out-of-tree` where torch-mlir is build with a pre-built MLIR and `in-tree` where torch-mlir
+is built as part of the LLVM project along with MLIR.
+
+We mount a ccache and pip cache inside the docker container to speed up iterative builds. Iterative
+builds should be as fast as running without docker.
+
+### In-Tree builds
+
+Build MLIR and Torch-MLIR together as part of the LLVM repo.
+
+```shell
+TM_PACKAGES="in-tree" ./build_tools/python_deploy/build_linux_packages.sh
+```
+
+### Out-of-Tree builds
+
+Build LLVM/MLIR first and then build Torch-MLIR referencing that build
+```shell
+TM_PACKAGES="out-of-tree" ./build_tools/python_deploy/build_linux_packages.sh
+```
+
+### Release builds
+
+Build in a manylinux Docker image so we can upload artifacts to PyPI.
+
+```shell
+TM_PACKAGES="torch-mlir" ./build_tools/python_deploy/build_linux_packages.sh
+```
+
+### Mimicing CI+Release builds
+
+If you wanted to build all the CIs locally
+
+```shell
+TM_PACKAGES="out-of-tree in-tree" ./build_tools/python_deploy/build_linux_packages.sh
+```
+
+If you wanted to build all the CIs and the Release builds (just with Python 3.10 since most other Python builds are redundant)
+
+```shell
+TM_PACKAGES="torch-mlir out-of-tree in-tree" TM_PYTHON_VERSIONS="cp310-cp310" ./build_tools/python_deploy/build_linux_packages.sh
+```
+
+Note: The Release docker still runs as root so it may generate some files owned by root:root. We hope to move it to run as a user in the future.
+
+### Cleaning up
+
+Docker builds tend to leave a wide variety of files around. Luckily most are owned by the user but there are still some that need to be removed
+as superuser.
+
+```shell
+rm -rf build build_oot llvm-build docker_venv externals/pytorch/build .ccache
+```
+
+## Building your own Docker image
+
+If you would like to build your own docker image (usually not necessary). You can run:
+
+```shell
+cd ./build_tools/docker
+docker build -t your-name/torch-mlir-ci --no-cache .
+```
+
+### Other configurable environmental variables
+
+The following additional environmental variables can be used to customie your docker build:
+
+* Custom Release Docker image:
+  Defaults to `stellaraccident/manylinux2014_x86_64-bazel-5.1.0:latest`
+```shell
+  TM_RELEASE_DOCKER_IMAGE="stellaraccident/manylinux2014_x86_64-bazel-5.1.0:latest"
+```
+* Custom CI Docker image:
+  Defaults to `powderluv/torch-mlir-ci:latest`. This assumes an Ubuntu LTS like image. You can build your own with `./build_tools/docker/Dockerfile`
+```shell
+  TM_CI_DOCKER_IMAGE="powderluv/torch-mlir-ci:latest"
+```
+
+* Custom Python Versions for Release builds:
+  Version of Python to use in Release builds. Ignored in CIs. Defaults to `cp38-cp38 cp39-cp39 cp310-cp310`
+```shell
+  TM_PYTHON_VERSIONS="cp38-cp38 cp39-cp39 cp310-cp310"
+```
+
+* Location to store Release build wheels
+```shell
+  TM_OUTPUT_DIR="./build_tools/python_deploy/wheelhouse"
+```
+
+* What "packages" to build:
+  Defaults to torch-mlir. Options are `torch-mlir out-of-tree in-tree`
+```shell
+  TM_PACKAGES="torch-mlir out-of-tree in-tree"
+```
+* Use pre-built Pytorch:
+  Defaults to using pre-built Pytorch. Setting it to `OFF` builds from source
+```shell
+  TM_USE_PYTORCH_BINARY="OFF"
+```
+* Skip running tests
+  Skip running tests if you want quick build only iteration. Default set to `OFF`
+```shell
+  TM_SKIP_TESTS="OFF"
+```
+
+
 ## Build Python Packages
 
 We have preliminary support for building Python packages. This can be done