This op is much better behaved than the `torch.tensor.literal` op
(which is the new name of the `torch.tensor` op). In particular
`torch.tensor.literal`:
- always has a maximally refined type.
- always has value semantics.
- can be constant folded / CSE'd.
ReduceOpVariants is changed to perform the transformation from
`torch.tensor.literal` to `torch.vtensor.literal` (which in general
involves static information casts and copies.
This new op also allowed tightening up `torch.tensor.literal` to only
accept NonValueTensorType (instead of any tensor type).
This new ".literal" name is more descriptive. It was getting too
confusing seeing an op called just `torch.tensor` (we originally called
it that because that's the name of the similar function in the Torch
Python API, but it just doesn't fit here).
This removes the dependence of the `torch` dialect on the low-level
builtin types.
Now the `torch` dialect is a standalone layer, suitable for targeting
from higher-level Python abstractions without any premature lowering to
primitive types.
This replaces the ad-hoc use of `i64` throughout the Torch layer, and
helps to keep it crystal clear the distinction between `!torch.int`
(which is modeling the Python `int` type) and the various types that
serve as dtypes of tensors, which are a totally different type universe.
Changes:
- `!torch.int` type and C bindings.
- Change `torch.constant.int` parser to not need the `: i64` at the end.
- `m_TorchConstantInt` matcher to aid with matching constants.
- BackendTypeConversion changes for `!torch.int` -> `i64` type
conversion.
- Refactor finalizing patterns in FinalizingBackendTypeConversionPass
(they were getting very repetitive).
- Mechanical rewriting of `!torch.int` to `i64` in all the tests, and
`AnyTorchIntType` to `Torch_IntType` in the `.td` files.
This removes the use of `scf.if`, which required laundering back and
forth between `i1` and `!torch.bool` in the frontend. We will eventually
lower this op to `scf.if`, but this results in a cleaner IR and layering
at the frontend.
This finishes removing the dependence on the basicpy dialect!
Changes:
- Add `!torch.bool` type and replace use of `!basicpy.BoolType` in
Torch-related code.
- Rename BuiltinTensorize to BackendTypeConversion since now it handles
bool conversions (and, when we add !torch.int and !torch.float, it
will handle those as well), and generalize the related utilities (I
also moved them to Torch/Transforms since they aren't really part of
Torch/IR).
- Add `torch.to_i1` and `torch.from_i1` ops for materializations
- [cleanup] Reorganize `torch.constant.*` ops in TorchOps.td
- Remove dependency of `torch` dialect on `basicpy` dialect and also
`std` dialect. For `std`, we use some call related ops, but the
`torch` dialect itself never produces them (we have passes that do
though).
This is fairly mechanical. Recommended review order:
- New stuff in Torch/IR
- New BuiltinTypeConversion files.
- Mechnical fixups elsewhere.
- Make consistent with MLIR Core
- Use `//` or `///` comments.
- Use `bool` type for booleans
- No duplicated comments in .cpp files
- Split types into separate files `{Basicpy,Numpy,Torch}Types.h`
- Add dialect prefix consistently to C API symbols. We have lots of
similarly named types (e.g. "list" type in basicpy and torch).
- Add `torch.constant.none` op to construct it (naming is chosen to be
analogous to Torch's representation of a prim::Constant with
NoneType, rather than using the "singleton" terminology of Basicpy).
This removes our reliance on the numpy dialect and avoids our off-label
use of the builtin tnesor type for modeling unknown dtypes. The
`!torch.vtensor` (`ValueTensorType`) type is a value-semantic tensor.
The `!torch.tensor` (`NonValueTensorType`) type is a non-value-semantic
tensor. The new types look as follows syntactically:
```
// Least-static-information, non-value-semantic tensor.
!torch.tensor
// Explicit form of least-static-information variant.
!torch.tensor<*,unk>
// Least-static-information, value-semantic tensor.
!torch.vtensor
// Explicit form of least-static-information variant.
!torch.vtensor<*,unk>
// Fixed-set of allowable element types, with first-class support for
// Torch's frontend signedness semantics.
!torch.tensor<*,si32>
// First-class support for unknown dtypes.
!torch.tensor<[?,?,?],unk>
// Standard MLIR representation of `?` for unknown dimensions.
!torch.tensor<[?,2,?,4],unk>
// Statically shaped / dtyped example.
!torch.vtensor<[1,2,3,4],f32>
```
This required fairly significant changes throughout the compiler, but
overall it is a big cleanup. We now have a much clearer layering of "the
Torch frontend lowering" vs "lowering to std + linalg + etc.".
At the C++ level, there is `ValueTensorType`, `NonValueTensorType`.
We also have a helper `BaseTensorType` (kind of like ShapedType) which
interoperates with those two.
Included changes:
- New `torch.tensor(dense<0.0> : tensor<5xf32>) : !torch.tensor` op for
creating torch tensor literals in the frontend.
- Consistently use signedness for the types (except i1 which I didn't
touch -- we need to sort out the situation with !basicpy.BoolType
there anyway so will be attending to that soon)
- Frontend can annotate whether an argument to the function has value
semantics. We currently require this, as our backend contract does not
currently allow us to even model the non-value-semantic case. Before,
the value-semantic assumption was randomly injected in the middle of
the pass pipeline.
- Move ArrayToTensor (now called MaximizeValueSemantics) and
RefinePublicReturn passes to torch dialect.
- The TorchToStd and TorchToLinalg passes are now type conversions from
`!torch.vtensor` to `tensor` and use the dialect conversion infra.
The overall conversion pipeline is set up following the best practices
of the "Type Conversions the Not-So-Hard Way" talk. This required
introducing `torch-func-builtin-tensorize` and
`torch-finalizing-builtin-tensorize` passes analogous to the upstream
bufferization passes with the corresponding names (mostly just
copypasta from there).
- Misc Torch-level canonicalizations -- we now cleanly layer the
lowering to std later in the pipeline, so we are gradually lessening
our reliance on random std constant folding before we get to that
point.
Recommended review order:
- New types in TorchTypes.td/TorchTypes.h/TorchDialect.cpp
- New ops in TorchOps.td / TorchOps.cpp
- Less important / more mechanical stuff
- Frontend changes.
- Pass changes/additions in `Torch/Transforms` and `Conversion/`
This is enough to import the program and get it through the compilation
pipeline. It of course fails at the VerifyBackendContract pass since
there is a lot missing, but the final IR for a simple quantized MLP is
looking pretty decent already:
[IR](https://gist.github.com/silvasean/f76bccd76e9b193d396cfb2f9a11f54d)
Main changes:
- Add support for importing torch quantized tensors, including
`torch.per_tensor_affine.create` op and `!torch.qint8` element type.
- Add support for importing `LinearPackedParamsBase` (basically a weight
+ optional bias, but requires `torch.linear_params.create` op +
`!torch.LinearParams` type to model it). This was less painful than I
expected, as it has the necessary methods to opaquely unpack itself. I
factored things so it should be easy to extend to other custom classes
like `ConvPackedParamsBase`.
- Add minimal boilerplate for importing `quantized::*` ops, with
`quantized::linear` being a motivating example.
- Add e2e test with simple quantized MLP (courtesy of @phoenix-meadowlark).
This is somewhat of an abuse of `!numpy.ndarray` / `tensor`, as
really the proper semantics of `!torch.qint8` dtype on a Torch tensor is
"check the quantizer object of the tensor for side data (scale/offset,
possibly per-channel) that defines the full semantics of the tensor". We
don't have any such notion of "side data" for `!numpy.ndarray` /
`tensor`, let alone anything that would have the associated behavior of
keying off the dtype to determine if the side data is present.
This will be fixed by a proper `!torch.tensor` type.
This code was not exception safe -- it would leave an operation
unattached to anything, which breaks MLIR's C++ data structure
invariants (e.g. it cannot safely erase ops).
Also, print out both the exception and any diagnostics, since they can
both contain useful information.
This is a really major and invasive restructuring of the way we get
torch operators (`torch::jit::Operator` / `c10::OperatorHandle`) into
MLIR. Please forgive the challenging review, but due to the sheer
invasiveness, it wasn't really practical do do it in sane smaller
pieces.
This fully replaces everything that was already working on the
TorchScript path (actually, more -- we added tanh support to
TorchToLinalg in order to delete the older code paths). Additionally,
I've kept the lights on for the acap path too, including what little e2e
stuff was working before (for expediency I made a few tiny compromises
along the way that will be easy to undo when we give that path proper
attention).
Overview of the new design:
- The torch operator `somens::someunqualname.someoverloadname` is
imported as `torch.somens.someunqualname.someoverloadname` (skip the
last dotted part if the overload name is empty), OR, if we don't have
such an op registered, it is imported as
`torch.operator "somens.someunqualname.someoverloadname" (...) : ...`.
- The addition of the "overload name" is a critical element here, as
the `(ns,unqual,overload)` triple is unique, which solves a lot of
problems we were having.
- This involves having separate MLIR ops for the `trailing_` and
`.out` variants and all the different overloads. This seemed
necessary, because the set of overloads is so wild and varied and
unstructured. The previous design was leaning into some underlying
structure that just isn't there -- the default situation is
the "random overload that we want to manage on the MLIR side",
rather than that being an exception. E.g. `aten::ne` (not-equal)
has 21 overloads, only 4 of which are c10 dispatcher ops see
[gist](https://gist.github.com/silvasean/190ba918c550c956260e21254e1b8aa1),
and the "out" variant is really called `.Tensor_out` instead of
`.out` as it frequently is for other ops.
- Rationale for all being in `torch` namespace: the set of operators
are so varied and unstructured that "dialect per namespace"
doesn't result in anything resembling the typical MLIR dialect
boundary expectations. We could maybe draw the boundary at
dispatcher ops vs non-dispatcher ops, but that doesn't seem to
really result in very much useful structure at this point in time.
- Note: within the torch operator registry, we effectively have a
mini-basicpy subdialect (already type-resolved), which is reasonably
structured.
- The existing Torch op interfaces are also removed -- now that we
track the overload name, we can losslessly find the original
operator.
- Instead of `ATenRecognizeKernelsPass`, we now have a
`ReduceOpVariantsPass` that keys off certain traits (and perhaps
eventually interfaces) to reduce variants of ops to a smaller set,
ideally operating on immutable tensors and using surrounding ops to
model the mutability/aliasing aspects.
- Note: `torch.ns.unqual.overload` ops allow both immutable and
mutable tensors (unlike the previous hard distinction in the common
case). This is a premonition for a future change that will introduce a
bona fide `!torch.tensor` type that will clean up a bunch of stuff.
- `TorchToLinalg` / `TorchToStd` supercede the existing
"ATen->TCF->TCP->Linalg" path.
- The new `torch_ods_gen.py` supercedes `torch_signature_ods_gen.py`.
It should look somewhat familiar, but the benefit of hindsight has
allowed a lot of simplifications.
The overall trend seems to be to make the `torch` dialect a nice layer
independent of anything else. It feels like as a natural result of
various future changes we will be removing the reliance on basicpy+numpy
dialects and have a nice self-contained type system too that properly
models the TorchScript type system (including proper subtyping,
mutable/immutable tensors, optional dtype, etc.).
Recommended review order:
- Start at some of the new import IR, e.g. in
`frontends/pytorch/test/node_import/prim.py`,
`frontends/pytorch/test/acap_export/test_export_add3.py`, and other
tests.
- `frontends/pytorch/python/torch_mlir_utils/codegen/torch_ods_gen.py`
and associated generated files:
- `include/npcomp/Dialect/Torch/IR/GeneratedAtenOps.td`
- `include/npcomp/Dialect/Torch/IR/GeneratedPrimOps.td`
- Inspect `ReduceOpVariants.cpp` / `reduce-op-variants.mlir` and the new
traits in `include/npcomp/Dialect/Torch/IR/TorchTraits.h`
- Various code changes in the import path in
`frontends/pytorch/csrc/builder`. Probably most interesting is the new
code in `torch_to_mlir_utils.cpp` that has the logic to create the
`torch.operator` ops or `torch.ns.unqual.overload` ops.
This is the [new ResNet IR](https://gist.github.com/silvasean/5407aafb710d07612b7b5b92eabecebe),
just to be able to look at a substantial sample of IR in the new style.
Interestingly, TorchScript has its own op (`torch::jit::Operator`)
registry separate from the dispatcher (it is a superset of the
dispatcher).
This is where the "prim" ops and some "aten" ops (that should probably
be renamed to "prim") live. In particular, `aten::__is__` is in that
latter category of "aten but really prim". This registry is also the
source of truth for what the TorchScript interpreter calls into when it
executes.
The bulk of the "not part of the dispatcher" ops live in
09feb5f579/torch/csrc/jit/runtime/register_prim_ops.cpp (L82)
And the registry itself lives in:
09feb5f579/torch/csrc/jit/runtime/operator.cpp (L196)
This fold further reduces the IR of ResNet by folding away some
more not-taken branches. These not-taken branches in ResNet require
first-class handling of the list type which we don't yet have on any
backend.
- Move frontend lowering pipelines to c++ (this helps with reproducing
failures in npcomp-opt)
- Add debugging printouts when compilation fails on RefBackendTestConfig
The experience now when a test fails during MLIR lowering is now like this:
```
NPCOMP TorchScript Object Graph IR -> NPCOMP Backend IR lowering failed with the following diagnostics:
failed to legalize operation 'torch.global_slot'
Module does not conform to npcomp's backend contract. See dialect conversion legality information above.
Error can be reproduced with:
$ npcomp-opt -torchscript-to-npcomp-backend-pipeline /tmp/ResNet18Module.mlir
```
And when TorchScript->MLIR import fails it looks like this:
```
PyTorch TorchScript module -> NPCOMP Object Graph IR import failed with the following diagnostics:
unhandled prim operation: %18 : int = prim::min(%17) # /usr/local/google/home/silvasean/.local/lib/python3.9/site-packages/torch/nn/functional.py:4532:4
```
Also,
- Add `--filter=<regex>` to e2e test harness to filter tests.
- Add a few prim ops that were needed to import ResNet18
- Fix torch.prim.Loop.condition assemblyFormat (it previously would not
round-trip in the case of no loop-carried variables)
These allow users to annotate a known "type bound" on the argument,
which can seed shape/dtype inference. We don't rewrite the function
types as part of the import process (it will happen in a
yet-to-be-written pass) because:
1. We would need to interprocedurally rewrite all calls to keep the IR
consistent. Currently, we have a place after GlobalizeObjectGraph but
before we convert to tensors where this is convenient to do. Ideally,
we would do this on the object graph representation.
1. We don't necessarily know that adjusting the function type is a legal
calling convention change. The pass will have blessed knowledge (by
the pass pipeline author) that adjusting the argument type based on
the type bound is safe (which it frequently is).
2. Note that in principle, a type bound could be a fairly general thing
(such as maximum sizes of dimensions, unions of multiple concrete
types, etc.). The pass will in principle have logic to interpret the
type bounds and to determine a suitable "best" (and legal) argument
type.
In terms of IR structure, TorchScript allows types to vary in many
circumstances where MLIR requires pointer-identical types. In particular,
it is valid to pass any subtype in place of a type. For example, if an
`Optional[int]` is required somewhere in the IR, it is legal to pass a
value of just `int` (but not the other way around; see
`torch.prim.unchecked_cast`). In effect, every *use* can have a different
type.
We introduce a new op `torch.derefine` that models that impedance
mismatch. This op allows casting a value from one type to a type that it
is a subtype of to model this behavior.
Recommended review order:
- TorchOps.td for new torch.derefine (and updated docs for
`torch.prim.unchecked_cast`)
- new test code in if.py, loop.py, function-derefine.py
- new code in node_importer.cpp for handling derefinement insertion
- function_importer.cpp and utils changes in torch_to_mlir_utils.cpp
Properly handling derefinement on function boundaries required
relayering the code so that graph_importer.cpp/.h is now
function_importer.cpp/.h because only the `torch::jit::Function`
(actually the `c10::FunctionSchema` it holds) knows the derefined types that are
actually needed at the boundary (see `function-derefine.py` for a test).
Annoyingly, this churns all the functions which are now prefixed with
`__torch__.` but that is more correct anyway (that is their linkage name
in the `torch::jit::CompilationUnit`; the previous `mb.import_function`
was actually buggy in the case of functions calling each other as it
would reference their unqualified name).
With this change, we can import `resnet18` from `torchvision` :)
IR: https://gist.github.com/silvasean/6426a5272d8a6c7caae533fce05ab704
I could not find a corresponding ListIndex in prim, which seems to
translate to a __get_attr__ under the hood. I think the reason a tuple
Index op can exist is because Tuple's are supposed to be frozen, where
List operands can be mutable.
This arises when casting optionals, which happens a lot especially
around handling of default arguments (python `if arg is None` idiom).
In this case, the offending code for the model is in max_pool2d:
[code link](b3bf08e67f/torch/nn/functional.py (L657))
Used by resnet18.
It seems to originate from a helper `_verify_batch_size`:
[code link](b3bf08e67f/torch/nn/functional.py (L2099)).
I couldn't find a way to test `prim::RaiseException` without also having
`prim::Uninitialized`.
This primarily unlocks proper handling of free functions (that is,
functions that are not methods of any torch.nn.Module).
Recommended review order:
- `ivalue_importer.cpp` + `ivalue_import/functions*.py`
- `GlobalizeObjectGraph.cpp` + test case
- misc other stuff
The `torch::jit::CompilationUnit` is basically a backing store or
"context" holding all the possible functions in the program. The
previous code was not explicitly accessing this data structure, since it
just imported the `torch::jit::Function`'s that it saw attached to
methods.
Subtly, any time a TorchScript module called into a free function, the
free function gets incorporated into the torch::jit::CompilationUnit,
but doesn't show up anywhere when dumping the module, except in the
curious pattern:
```
%5 : Function = prim::Constant[name="adaptive_avg_pool2d"]()
%6 : Tensor = prim::CallFunction(%5, %input.1, %4)
```
That is, calls are indirect calls, and are accessed via `prim::Constant`
materializing a function object. Even stranger, the `name` attribute here
doesn't really even tell the full story -- it doesn't correspond to
anything. It turns out that the c10::FunctionType itself actually holds
a pointer to the `torch::jit::Function` in the compilation unit
directly (so there is actually no indirection in prim::CallMethod,
because any two values of the same FunctionType call the same
function!). E.g. when converting the IR to bytecode, the "name" is
ignored [code link](1d6bd15790/torch/csrc/jit/runtime/interpreter.cpp (L937)).
We do import `prim::CallFunction` as a `std.call_indirect` though
because it's more braindead to do it that way (it gets canonicalized to
a direct call easily).
With this, we can import BERT!
```
pt_util ~/tmp/bert.pt --import --exported-name=forward \
| npcomp-opt -torch-globalize-object-graph -inline -symbol-dce
```
https://gist.github.com/silvasean/fe7735ff5d065cc9216f7b0346d0e977
The test case here is a bit unconventional -- it isn't actually valid
Python. To figure out how to generate it I had to go search the PyTorch
codebase for "NumToTensor" and work backward. In this case I found
this
[code](649760e5f1/torch/csrc/jit/frontend/ir_emitter.cpp (L464))
which via a wild guess I was able to turn into a test case.
In this case it didn't take me too long, but when doing this kind of
"add a bunch of trivial stuff to bring up a real model", I'm starting to
think that we might skimp on test cases when it's fairly trivial and not
obvious how to test with a small test.
Adds support for lowering a torch.nn.Conv2d module to the Torch Dialect through TorchScript import.
Generated IR can be viewed here:
https://gist.github.com/brycearden/6c0f790115c4577249372ef82768e6fd
Required implementing support for tuple in the ivalue importer and list in the node importer.
The first use case is to annotate certain program constructs as either
exported or private. In this commit we plumb it down to
GlobalizeObjectGraph which makes use of this information.
Recommended review order:
1. class_annotator.h/.cpp + `test/module_import/annotations/*`
- New abstractions to communicate with Python code and annotate.
2. IR changes in TorchOps.td
- Adding "private" attribute to various things.
3. ivalue_import.cpp changes
- Module + ClassAnnotator = annotated IR
4. GlobalizeObjectGraph.cpp + tests
- use new "private" attributes to create "private" IR.
- also, tweak some of the op deleting mechanics, which was triggering
some memory errors / assertions
With this, we can run the classifier through and inline it as follows:
```
frontends/pytorch/utils/pt_util.py --import --exported-name forward ~/tmp/classifier.pt \
| npcomp-opt -torch-globalize-object-graph -inline
```
IR: https://gist.github.com/silvasean/32dcad9f6270557f412094a77cecdd69
This required restructuring of how we model TorchScript on import. The
main difference is that now we split out a `torch.class_type` that holds
methods and declarations of the types of each slot. This is more
consistent with TorchScript (our previous representation was
"denormalized").
Recommended reading order:
1. check out the description of `torch.class_type` in `TorchOps.td` and
look at `test/Dialect/Torch/ops.mlir` and
`frontends/pytorch/test/module_import/` to familiarize with the new
representation.
- Just look at the new IR. The diff between the old names and new
names is confusing.
2. check out `test/Dialect/Torch/globalize-object-graph*.mlir`
and read along with the pass description in
`include/npcomp/Dialect/Torch/Transforms/Passes.td`
3. Read the code in `GlobalizeObjectGraph.cpp` and miscellaneous changes
in `ivalue_importer.cpp`, `TorchOps.cpp`, etc.
Modify ACAP_Dispatch to work with latest pytorch
-Remove boxed from convolution's m.impl
-Use redispatch and constrainted keyset to replace deprecated
callwithdispatchkey
This required some careful considerations when defining object identity
for tensors. See the comments for how we do it.
This also tracks some basic information for diagnostics.
Stella Laurenzo
Sean Silva
Yi Zhang
Bairen Yi
Bairen Yi
Bryce Arden
Stanley Winata