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< title > 访问集群 · Kubernetes Handbook - Kubernetes中文指南/云原生应用架构实践手册 by Jimmy Song(宋净超)< / title >
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< a href = "https://jimmysong.io" target = "_blank" class = "custom-link" > 回到主页< / a >
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< a href = "https://jimmysong.io/awesome-cloud-native" target = "_blank" class = "custom-link" > Awesome Cloud Native< / a >
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< a href = "https://cloudnative.to" target = "_blank" class = "custom-link" > 云原生社区< / a >
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< a href = "https://cloudnativeindustryalliance.github.io/whitepaper2020/" target = "_blank" class = "custom-link" > 中国云原生发展白皮书2020< / a >
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< a href = "https://jimmysong.io/guide-to-cloud-native-app/" target = "_blank" class = "custom-link" > 云原生应用白皮书< / a >
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< li class = "divider" > < / li >
< li class = "header" > 前言< / li >
< li class = "chapter " data-level = "1.1" data-path = "../" >
< a href = "../" >
< b > 1.1.< / b >
序言
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< / li >
< li class = "header" > 云原生< / li >
< li class = "chapter " data-level = "2.1" data-path = "../cloud-native/cloud-native-definition.html" >
< a href = "../cloud-native/cloud-native-definition.html" >
< b > 2.1.< / b >
云原生（ ）
< / a >
< / li >
< li class = "chapter " data-level = "2.2" data-path = "../cloud-native/cloud-native-philosophy.html" >
< a href = "../cloud-native/cloud-native-philosophy.html" >
< b > 2.2.< / b >
云原生的设计哲学
< / a >
< / li >
< li class = "chapter " data-level = "2.3" data-path = "../cloud-native/play-with-kubernetes.html" >
< a href = "../cloud-native/play-with-kubernetes.html" >
< b > 2.3.< / b >
Play with Kubernetes
< / a >
< / li >
< li class = "chapter " data-level = "2.4" data-path = "../cloud-native/cloud-native-local-quick-start.html" >
< a href = "../cloud-native/cloud-native-local-quick-start.html" >
< b > 2.4.< / b >
快速部署一个云原生本地实验环境
< / a >
< / li >
< li class = "chapter " data-level = "2.5" data-path = "../cloud-native/setup-kubernetes-with-rancher-and-aliyun.html" >
< a href = "../cloud-native/setup-kubernetes-with-rancher-and-aliyun.html" >
< b > 2.5.< / b >
使用 Rancher 在阿里云上部署 Kubenretes 集群
< / a >
< / li >
< li class = "chapter " data-level = "2.6" data-path = "../cloud-native/kubernetes-and-cloud-native-app-overview.html" >
< a href = "../cloud-native/kubernetes-and-cloud-native-app-overview.html" >
< b > 2.6.< / b >
Kubernetes 与云原生应用概览
< / a >
< / li >
< li class = "chapter " data-level = "2.7" data-path = "../cloud-native/from-kubernetes-to-cloud-native.html" >
< a href = "../cloud-native/from-kubernetes-to-cloud-native.html" >
< b > 2.7.< / b >
云原生应用之路 —— 从 Kubernetes 到 Cloud Native
< / a >
< / li >
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< li class = "chapter " data-level = "2.8" data-path = "../cloud-native/define-cloud-native-app.html" >
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< a href = "../cloud-native/define-cloud-native-app.html" >
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< b > 2.8.< / b >
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定义云原生应用
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< / a >
< ul class = "articles" >
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< li class = "chapter " data-level = "2.8.1" data-path = "../cloud-native/oam.html" >
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< a href = "../cloud-native/oam.html" >
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< b > 2.8.1.< / b >
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OAM
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< / a >
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< ul class = "articles" >
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< li class = "chapter " data-level = "2.8.1.1" data-path = "../cloud-native/workload.html" >
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< a href = "../cloud-native/workload.html" >
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< b > 2.8.1.1.< / b >
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Workload
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< / a >
< / li >
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< li class = "chapter " data-level = "2.8.1.2" data-path = "../cloud-native/component.html" >
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< b > 2.8.1.2.< / b >
Component
< / a >
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< / li >
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< li class = "chapter " data-level = "2.8.1.3" data-path = "../cloud-native/trait.html" >
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< a href = "../cloud-native/trait.html" >
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< b > 2.8.1.3.< / b >
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Trait
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< / a >
< / li >
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< li class = "chapter " data-level = "2.8.1.4" data-path = "../cloud-native/application-scope.html" >
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< a href = "../cloud-native/application-scope.html" >
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< b > 2.8.1.4.< / b >
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Application Scope
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< / a >
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< / li >
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< li class = "chapter " data-level = "2.8.1.5" data-path = "../cloud-native/application-configuration.html" >
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< a href = "../cloud-native/application-configuration.html" >
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< b > 2.8.1.5.< / b >
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Application Configuration
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< / li >
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< / li >
< li class = "chapter " data-level = "2.8.2" data-path = "../cloud-native/crossplane.html" >
< a href = "../cloud-native/crossplane.html" >
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< b > 2.8.2.< / b >
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Crossplane
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< / li >
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< li class = "chapter " data-level = "2.9" data-path = "../cloud-native/cloud-native-programming-languages.html" >
< a href = "../cloud-native/cloud-native-programming-languages.html" >
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< b > 2.9.< / b >
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云原生编程语言
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< / a >
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< ul class = "articles" >
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< li class = "chapter " data-level = "2.9.1" data-path = "../cloud-native/cloud-native-programming-language-ballerina.html" >
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< a href = "../cloud-native/cloud-native-programming-language-ballerina.html" >
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< b > 2.9.1.< / b >
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云原生编程语言 Ballerina
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< / a >
< / li >
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< li class = "chapter " data-level = "2.9.2" data-path = "../cloud-native/cloud-native-programming-language-pulumi.html" >
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< a href = "../cloud-native/cloud-native-programming-language-pulumi.html" >
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< b > 2.9.2.< / b >
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云原生编程语言 Pulumi
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< / a >
< / li >
< / ul >
< / li >
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< li class = "chapter " data-level = "2.10" data-path = "../cloud-native/the-future-of-cloud-native.html" >
< a href = "../cloud-native/the-future-of-cloud-native.html" >
< b > 2.10.< / b >
云原生的未来
< / a >
< / li >
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< li class = "header" > 概念与原理< / li >
< li class = "chapter " data-level = "3.1" data-path = "../concepts/" >
< a href = "../concepts/" >
< b > 3.1.< / b >
Kubernetes 架构
< / a >
< ul class = "articles" >
< li class = "chapter " data-level = "3.1.1" data-path = "../concepts/concepts.html" >
< a href = "../concepts/concepts.html" >
< b > 3.1.1.< / b >
设计理念
< / a >
< / li >
< li class = "chapter " data-level = "3.1.2" data-path = "../concepts/etcd.html" >
< a href = "../concepts/etcd.html" >
< b > 3.1.2.< / b >
Etcd 解析
< / a >
< / li >
< li class = "chapter " data-level = "3.1.3" data-path = "../concepts/open-interfaces.html" >
< a href = "../concepts/open-interfaces.html" >
< b > 3.1.3.< / b >
开放接口
< / a >
< ul class = "articles" >
< li class = "chapter " data-level = "3.1.3.1" data-path = "../concepts/cri.html" >
< a href = "../concepts/cri.html" >
< b > 3.1.3.1.< / b >
CRI - Container Runtime Interface（ ）
< / a >
< / li >
< li class = "chapter " data-level = "3.1.3.2" data-path = "../concepts/cni.html" >
< a href = "../concepts/cni.html" >
< b > 3.1.3.2.< / b >
CNI - Container Network Interface（ ）
< / a >
< / li >
< li class = "chapter " data-level = "3.1.3.3" data-path = "../concepts/csi.html" >
< a href = "../concepts/csi.html" >
< b > 3.1.3.3.< / b >
CSI - Container Storage Interface（ ）
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< / ul >
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< / ul >
< / li >
< li class = "chapter " data-level = "3.2" data-path = "../concepts/networking.html" >
< a href = "../concepts/networking.html" >
< b > 3.2.< / b >
Kubernetes 中的网络
< / a >
< ul class = "articles" >
< li class = "chapter " data-level = "3.2.1" data-path = "../concepts/flannel.html" >
< a href = "../concepts/flannel.html" >
< b > 3.2.1.< / b >
Kubernetes 中的网络解析 —— 以 flannel 为例
< / a >
< / li >
< li class = "chapter " data-level = "3.2.2" data-path = "../concepts/calico.html" >
< a href = "../concepts/calico.html" >
< b > 3.2.2.< / b >
Kubernetes 中的网络解析 —— 以 calico 为例
< / a >
< / li >
< li class = "chapter " data-level = "3.2.3" data-path = "../concepts/cilium.html" >
< a href = "../concepts/cilium.html" >
< b > 3.2.3.< / b >
具备 API 感知的网络和安全性管理开源软件 Cilium
< / a >
< ul class = "articles" >
< li class = "chapter " data-level = "3.2.3.1" data-path = "../concepts/cilium-concepts.html" >
< a href = "../concepts/cilium-concepts.html" >
< b > 3.2.3.1.< / b >
Cilium 架构设计与概念解析
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< / ul >
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< / ul >
< / li >
< li class = "chapter " data-level = "3.3" data-path = "../concepts/objects.html" >
< a href = "../concepts/objects.html" >
< b > 3.3.< / b >
资源对象与基本概念解析
< / a >
< / li >
< li class = "chapter " data-level = "3.4" data-path = "../concepts/pod-state-and-lifecycle.html" >
< a href = "../concepts/pod-state-and-lifecycle.html" >
< b > 3.4.< / b >
Pod 状态与生命周期管理
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< li class = "chapter " data-level = "3.4.1" data-path = "../concepts/pod-overview.html" >
< a href = "../concepts/pod-overview.html" >
< b > 3.4.1.< / b >
Pod 概览
< / a >
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< li class = "chapter " data-level = "3.4.2" data-path = "../concepts/pod.html" >
< a href = "../concepts/pod.html" >
< b > 3.4.2.< / b >
Pod 解析
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< / li >
< li class = "chapter " data-level = "3.4.3" data-path = "../concepts/init-containers.html" >
< a href = "../concepts/init-containers.html" >
< b > 3.4.3.< / b >
Init 容器
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< / li >
< li class = "chapter " data-level = "3.4.4" data-path = "../concepts/pause-container.html" >
< a href = "../concepts/pause-container.html" >
< b > 3.4.4.< / b >
Pause 容器
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< li class = "chapter " data-level = "3.4.5" data-path = "../concepts/pod-security-policy.html" >
< a href = "../concepts/pod-security-policy.html" >
< b > 3.4.5.< / b >
Pod 安全策略
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< / li >
< li class = "chapter " data-level = "3.4.6" data-path = "../concepts/pod-lifecycle.html" >
< a href = "../concepts/pod-lifecycle.html" >
< b > 3.4.6.< / b >
Pod 的生命周期
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< li class = "chapter " data-level = "3.4.7" data-path = "../concepts/pod-hook.html" >
< a href = "../concepts/pod-hook.html" >
< b > 3.4.7.< / b >
Pod Hook
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< li class = "chapter " data-level = "3.4.8" data-path = "../concepts/pod-preset.html" >
< a href = "../concepts/pod-preset.html" >
< b > 3.4.8.< / b >
Pod Preset
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< li class = "chapter " data-level = "3.4.9" data-path = "../concepts/pod-disruption-budget.html" >
< a href = "../concepts/pod-disruption-budget.html" >
< b > 3.4.9.< / b >
Pod 中断与 PDB（
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< li class = "chapter " data-level = "3.5" data-path = "../concepts/cluster.html" >
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< b > 3.5.< / b >
集群资源管理
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< li class = "chapter " data-level = "3.5.1" data-path = "../concepts/node.html" >
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< b > 3.5.1.< / b >
Node
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< li class = "chapter " data-level = "3.5.2" data-path = "../concepts/namespace.html" >
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< b > 3.5.2.< / b >
Namespace
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< li class = "chapter " data-level = "3.5.3" data-path = "../concepts/label.html" >
< a href = "../concepts/label.html" >
< b > 3.5.3.< / b >
Label
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< li class = "chapter " data-level = "3.5.4" data-path = "../concepts/annotation.html" >
< a href = "../concepts/annotation.html" >
< b > 3.5.4.< / b >
Annotation
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< li class = "chapter " data-level = "3.5.5" data-path = "../concepts/taint-and-toleration.html" >
< a href = "../concepts/taint-and-toleration.html" >
< b > 3.5.5.< / b >
Taint 和 Toleration（ ）
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< li class = "chapter " data-level = "3.5.6" data-path = "../concepts/garbage-collection.html" >
< a href = "../concepts/garbage-collection.html" >
< b > 3.5.6.< / b >
垃圾收集
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< li class = "chapter " data-level = "3.6" data-path = "../concepts/controllers.html" >
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< b > 3.6.< / b >
控制器
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< b > 3.6.1.< / b >
Deployment
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< li class = "chapter " data-level = "3.6.2" data-path = "../concepts/statefulset.html" >
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< b > 3.6.2.< / b >
StatefulSet
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< li class = "chapter " data-level = "3.6.3" data-path = "../concepts/daemonset.html" >
< a href = "../concepts/daemonset.html" >
< b > 3.6.3.< / b >
DaemonSet
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< li class = "chapter " data-level = "3.6.4" data-path = "../concepts/replicaset.html" >
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< b > 3.6.4.< / b >
ReplicationController 和 ReplicaSet
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< b > 3.6.5.< / b >
Job
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< b > 3.6.6.< / b >
CronJob
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< b > 3.6.7.< / b >
Horizontal Pod Autoscaling
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< li class = "chapter " data-level = "3.6.7.1" data-path = "../concepts/custom-metrics-hpa.html" >
< a href = "../concepts/custom-metrics-hpa.html" >
< b > 3.6.7.1.< / b >
自定义指标 HPA
< / a >
< / li >
< / ul >
< / li >
< li class = "chapter " data-level = "3.6.8" data-path = "../concepts/admission-controller.html" >
< a href = "../concepts/admission-controller.html" >
< b > 3.6.8.< / b >
准入控制器（ ）
< / a >
< / li >
< / ul >
< / li >
< li class = "chapter " data-level = "3.7" data-path = "../concepts/service-discovery.html" >
< a href = "../concepts/service-discovery.html" >
< b > 3.7.< / b >
服务发现
< / a >
< ul class = "articles" >
< li class = "chapter " data-level = "3.7.1" data-path = "../concepts/service.html" >
< a href = "../concepts/service.html" >
< b > 3.7.1.< / b >
Service
< / a >
< / li >
< li class = "chapter " data-level = "3.7.2" data-path = "../concepts/ingress.html" >
< a href = "../concepts/ingress.html" >
< b > 3.7.2.< / b >
Ingress
< / a >
< ul class = "articles" >
< li class = "chapter " data-level = "3.7.2.1" data-path = "../concepts/traefik-ingress-controller.html" >
< a href = "../concepts/traefik-ingress-controller.html" >
< b > 3.7.2.1.< / b >
Traefik Ingress Controller
< / a >
< / li >
< / ul >
< / li >
< / ul >
< / li >
< li class = "chapter " data-level = "3.8" data-path = "../concepts/authentication-and-permission.html" >
< a href = "../concepts/authentication-and-permission.html" >
< b > 3.8.< / b >
身份与权限控制
< / a >
< ul class = "articles" >
< li class = "chapter " data-level = "3.8.1" data-path = "../concepts/serviceaccount.html" >
< a href = "../concepts/serviceaccount.html" >
< b > 3.8.1.< / b >
ServiceAccount
< / a >
< / li >
< li class = "chapter " data-level = "3.8.2" data-path = "../concepts/rbac.html" >
< a href = "../concepts/rbac.html" >
< b > 3.8.2.< / b >
RBAC—— 基于角色的访问控制
< / a >
< / li >
< li class = "chapter " data-level = "3.8.3" data-path = "../concepts/network-policy.html" >
< a href = "../concepts/network-policy.html" >
< b > 3.8.3.< / b >
NetworkPolicy
< / a >
< / li >
< / ul >
< / li >
< li class = "chapter " data-level = "3.9" data-path = "../concepts/storage.html" >
< a href = "../concepts/storage.html" >
< b > 3.9.< / b >
存储
< / a >
< ul class = "articles" >
< li class = "chapter " data-level = "3.9.1" data-path = "../concepts/secret.html" >
< a href = "../concepts/secret.html" >
< b > 3.9.1.< / b >
Secret
< / a >
< / li >
< li class = "chapter " data-level = "3.9.2" data-path = "../concepts/configmap.html" >
< a href = "../concepts/configmap.html" >
< b > 3.9.2.< / b >
ConfigMap
< / a >
< ul class = "articles" >
< li class = "chapter " data-level = "3.9.2.1" data-path = "../concepts/configmap-hot-update.html" >
< a href = "../concepts/configmap-hot-update.html" >
< b > 3.9.2.1.< / b >
ConfigMap 的热更新
< / a >
< / li >
< / ul >
< / li >
< li class = "chapter " data-level = "3.9.3" data-path = "../concepts/volume.html" >
< a href = "../concepts/volume.html" >
< b > 3.9.3.< / b >
Volume
< / a >
< / li >
< li class = "chapter " data-level = "3.9.4" data-path = "../concepts/persistent-volume.html" >
< a href = "../concepts/persistent-volume.html" >
< b > 3.9.4.< / b >
Persistent Volume（ ）
< / a >
< / li >
< li class = "chapter " data-level = "3.9.5" data-path = "../concepts/storageclass.html" >
< a href = "../concepts/storageclass.html" >
< b > 3.9.5.< / b >
Storage Class
< / a >
< / li >
< li class = "chapter " data-level = "3.9.6" data-path = "../concepts/local-persistent-storage.html" >
< a href = "../concepts/local-persistent-storage.html" >
< b > 3.9.6.< / b >
本地持久化存储
< / a >
< / li >
< / ul >
< / li >
< li class = "chapter " data-level = "3.10" data-path = "../concepts/extension.html" >
< a href = "../concepts/extension.html" >
< b > 3.10.< / b >
集群扩展
< / a >
< ul class = "articles" >
< li class = "chapter " data-level = "3.10.1" data-path = "../concepts/custom-resource.html" >
< a href = "../concepts/custom-resource.html" >
< b > 3.10.1.< / b >
使用自定义资源扩展 API
< / a >
< / li >
< li class = "chapter " data-level = "3.10.2" data-path = "../concepts/crd.html" >
< a href = "../concepts/crd.html" >
< b > 3.10.2.< / b >
使用 CRD 扩展 Kubernetes API
< / a >
< / li >
< li class = "chapter " data-level = "3.10.3" data-path = "../concepts/aggregated-api-server.html" >
< a href = "../concepts/aggregated-api-server.html" >
< b > 3.10.3.< / b >
Aggregated API Server
< / a >
< / li >
< li class = "chapter " data-level = "3.10.4" data-path = "../concepts/apiservice.html" >
< a href = "../concepts/apiservice.html" >
< b > 3.10.4.< / b >
APIService
< / a >
< / li >
< li class = "chapter " data-level = "3.10.5" data-path = "../concepts/service-catalog.html" >
< a href = "../concepts/service-catalog.html" >
< b > 3.10.5.< / b >
Service Catalog
< / a >
< / li >
< / ul >
< / li >
< li class = "chapter " data-level = "3.11" data-path = "../concepts/scheduling.html" >
< a href = "../concepts/scheduling.html" >
< b > 3.11.< / b >
资源调度
< / a >
< ul class = "articles" >
< li class = "chapter " data-level = "3.11.1" data-path = "../concepts/qos.html" >
< a href = "../concepts/qos.html" >
< b > 3.11.1.< / b >
QoS（ ）
< / a >
< / li >
< / ul >
< / li >
< li class = "header" > 用户指南< / li >
< li class = "chapter " data-level = "4.1" data-path = "./" >
< a href = "./" >
< b > 4.1.< / b >
用户指南
< / a >
< / li >
< li class = "chapter " data-level = "4.2" data-path = "resource-configuration.html" >
< a href = "resource-configuration.html" >
< b > 4.2.< / b >
资源对象配置
< / a >
< ul class = "articles" >
< li class = "chapter " data-level = "4.2.1" data-path = "configure-liveness-readiness-probes.html" >
< a href = "configure-liveness-readiness-probes.html" >
< b > 4.2.1.< / b >
配置 Pod 的 liveness 和 readiness 探针
< / a >
< / li >
< li class = "chapter " data-level = "4.2.2" data-path = "configure-pod-service-account.html" >
< a href = "configure-pod-service-account.html" >
< b > 4.2.2.< / b >
配置 Pod 的 Service Account
< / a >
< / li >
< li class = "chapter " data-level = "4.2.3" data-path = "secret-configuration.html" >
< a href = "secret-configuration.html" >
< b > 4.2.3.< / b >
Secret 配置
< / a >
< / li >
< li class = "chapter " data-level = "4.2.4" data-path = "resource-quota-management.html" >
< a href = "resource-quota-management.html" >
< b > 4.2.4.< / b >
管理 namespace 中的资源配额
< / a >
< / li >
< / ul >
< / li >
< li class = "chapter " data-level = "4.3" data-path = "command-usage.html" >
< a href = "command-usage.html" >
< b > 4.3.< / b >
命令使用
< / a >
< ul class = "articles" >
< li class = "chapter " data-level = "4.3.1" data-path = "docker-cli-to-kubectl.html" >
< a href = "docker-cli-to-kubectl.html" >
< b > 4.3.1.< / b >
Docker 用户过渡到 kubectl 命令行指南
< / a >
< / li >
< li class = "chapter " data-level = "4.3.2" data-path = "using-kubectl.html" >
< a href = "using-kubectl.html" >
< b > 4.3.2.< / b >
kubectl 命令概览
< / a >
< / li >
< li class = "chapter " data-level = "4.3.3" data-path = "kubectl-cheatsheet.html" >
< a href = "kubectl-cheatsheet.html" >
< b > 4.3.3.< / b >
kubectl 命令技巧大全
< / a >
< / li >
< li class = "chapter " data-level = "4.3.4" data-path = "using-etcdctl-to-access-kubernetes-data.html" >
< a href = "using-etcdctl-to-access-kubernetes-data.html" >
< b > 4.3.4.< / b >
使用 etcdctl 访问 kubernetes 数据
< / a >
< / li >
< / ul >
< / li >
< li class = "chapter " data-level = "4.4" data-path = "cluster-security-management.html" >
< a href = "cluster-security-management.html" >
< b > 4.4.< / b >
集群安全性管理
< / a >
< ul class = "articles" >
< li class = "chapter " data-level = "4.4.1" data-path = "managing-tls-in-a-cluster.html" >
< a href = "managing-tls-in-a-cluster.html" >
< b > 4.4.1.< / b >
管理集群中的 TLS
< / a >
< / li >
< li class = "chapter " data-level = "4.4.2" data-path = "kubelet-authentication-authorization.html" >
< a href = "kubelet-authentication-authorization.html" >
< b > 4.4.2.< / b >
kubelet 的认证授权
< / a >
< / li >
< li class = "chapter " data-level = "4.4.3" data-path = "tls-bootstrapping.html" >
< a href = "tls-bootstrapping.html" >
< b > 4.4.3.< / b >
2020-07-17 11:08:23 +08:00
TLS Bootstrap
2020-06-19 14:52:56 +08:00
< / a >
< / li >
< li class = "chapter " data-level = "4.4.4" data-path = "kubectl-user-authentication-authorization.html" >
< a href = "kubectl-user-authentication-authorization.html" >
< b > 4.4.4.< / b >
创建用户认证授权的 kubeconfig 文件
< / a >
< / li >
< li class = "chapter " data-level = "4.4.5" data-path = "ip-masq-agent.html" >
< a href = "ip-masq-agent.html" >
< b > 4.4.5.< / b >
IP 伪装代理
< / a >
< / li >
< li class = "chapter " data-level = "4.4.6" data-path = "auth-with-kubeconfig-or-token.html" >
< a href = "auth-with-kubeconfig-or-token.html" >
< b > 4.4.6.< / b >
使用 kubeconfig 或 token 进行用户身份认证
< / a >
< / li >
< li class = "chapter " data-level = "4.4.7" data-path = "authentication.html" >
< a href = "authentication.html" >
< b > 4.4.7.< / b >
Kubernetes 中的用户与身份认证授权
< / a >
< / li >
< li class = "chapter " data-level = "4.4.8" data-path = "kubernetes-security-best-practice.html" >
< a href = "kubernetes-security-best-practice.html" >
< b > 4.4.8.< / b >
Kubernetes 集群安全性配置最佳实践
< / a >
< / li >
< / ul >
< / li >
< li class = "chapter " data-level = "4.5" data-path = "access-kubernetes-cluster.html" >
< a href = "access-kubernetes-cluster.html" >
< b > 4.5.< / b >
访问 Kubernetes 集群
< / a >
< ul class = "articles" >
< li class = "chapter active" data-level = "4.5.1" data-path = "access-cluster.html" >
< a href = "access-cluster.html" >
< b > 4.5.1.< / b >
访问集群
< / a >
< / li >
< li class = "chapter " data-level = "4.5.2" data-path = "authenticate-across-clusters-kubeconfig.html" >
< a href = "authenticate-across-clusters-kubeconfig.html" >
< b > 4.5.2.< / b >
使用 kubeconfig 文件配置跨集群认证
< / a >
< / li >
< li class = "chapter " data-level = "4.5.3" data-path = "connecting-to-applications-port-forward.html" >
< a href = "connecting-to-applications-port-forward.html" >
< b > 4.5.3.< / b >
通过端口转发访问集群中的应用程序
< / a >
< / li >
< li class = "chapter " data-level = "4.5.4" data-path = "service-access-application-cluster.html" >
< a href = "service-access-application-cluster.html" >
< b > 4.5.4.< / b >
使用 service 访问群集中的应用程序
< / a >
< / li >
< li class = "chapter " data-level = "4.5.5" data-path = "accessing-kubernetes-pods-from-outside-of-the-cluster.html" >
< a href = "accessing-kubernetes-pods-from-outside-of-the-cluster.html" >
< b > 4.5.5.< / b >
从外部访问 Kubernetes 中的 Pod
< / a >
< / li >
< li class = "chapter " data-level = "4.5.6" data-path = "cabin-mobile-dashboard-for-kubernetes.html" >
< a href = "cabin-mobile-dashboard-for-kubernetes.html" >
< b > 4.5.6.< / b >
Cabin - Kubernetes 手机客户端
< / a >
< / li >
< li class = "chapter " data-level = "4.5.7" data-path = "kubernetes-desktop-client.html" >
< a href = "kubernetes-desktop-client.html" >
< b > 4.5.7.< / b >
2020-06-29 12:32:43 +08:00
Lens - Kubernetes IDE/桌面客户端
2020-06-19 14:52:56 +08:00
< / a >
< / li >
< li class = "chapter " data-level = "4.5.8" data-path = "kubernator-kubernetes-ui.html" >
< a href = "kubernator-kubernetes-ui.html" >
< b > 4.5.8.< / b >
Kubernator - 更底层的 Kubernetes UI
< / a >
< / li >
< / ul >
< / li >
< li class = "chapter " data-level = "4.6" data-path = "application-development-deployment-flow.html" >
< a href = "application-development-deployment-flow.html" >
< b > 4.6.< / b >
在 Kubernetes 中开发部署应用
< / a >
< ul class = "articles" >
< li class = "chapter " data-level = "4.6.1" data-path = "deploy-applications-in-kubernetes.html" >
< a href = "deploy-applications-in-kubernetes.html" >
< b > 4.6.1.< / b >
适用于 kubernetes 的应用开发部署流程
< / a >
< / li >
< li class = "chapter " data-level = "4.6.2" data-path = "migrating-hadoop-yarn-to-kubernetes.html" >
< a href = "migrating-hadoop-yarn-to-kubernetes.html" >
< b > 4.6.2.< / b >
迁移传统应用到 Kubernetes 中 —— 以 Hadoop YARN 为例
< / a >
< / li >
< li class = "chapter " data-level = "4.6.3" data-path = "using-statefulset.html" >
< a href = "using-statefulset.html" >
< b > 4.6.3.< / b >
使用 StatefulSet 部署用状态应用
< / a >
< / li >
< / ul >
< / li >
< li class = "header" > 最佳实践< / li >
< li class = "chapter " data-level = "5.1" data-path = "../practice/" >
< a href = "../practice/" >
< b > 5.1.< / b >
最佳实践概览
< / a >
< / li >
< li class = "chapter " data-level = "5.2" data-path = "../practice/install-kubernetes-on-centos.html" >
< a href = "../practice/install-kubernetes-on-centos.html" >
< b > 5.2.< / b >
在 CentOS 上部署 Kubernetes 集群
< / a >
< ul class = "articles" >
< li class = "chapter " data-level = "5.2.1" data-path = "../practice/create-tls-and-secret-key.html" >
< a href = "../practice/create-tls-and-secret-key.html" >
< b > 5.2.1.< / b >
创建 TLS 证书和秘钥
< / a >
< / li >
< li class = "chapter " data-level = "5.2.2" data-path = "../practice/create-kubeconfig.html" >
< a href = "../practice/create-kubeconfig.html" >
< b > 5.2.2.< / b >
创建 kubeconfig 文件
< / a >
< / li >
< li class = "chapter " data-level = "5.2.3" data-path = "../practice/etcd-cluster-installation.html" >
< a href = "../practice/etcd-cluster-installation.html" >
< b > 5.2.3.< / b >
创建高可用 etcd 集群
< / a >
< / li >
< li class = "chapter " data-level = "5.2.4" data-path = "../practice/kubectl-installation.html" >
< a href = "../practice/kubectl-installation.html" >
< b > 5.2.4.< / b >
安装 kubectl 命令行工具
< / a >
< / li >
< li class = "chapter " data-level = "5.2.5" data-path = "../practice/master-installation.html" >
< a href = "../practice/master-installation.html" >
< b > 5.2.5.< / b >
部署 master 节点
< / a >
< / li >
< li class = "chapter " data-level = "5.2.6" data-path = "../practice/flannel-installation.html" >
< a href = "../practice/flannel-installation.html" >
< b > 5.2.6.< / b >
安装 flannel 网络插件
< / a >
< / li >
< li class = "chapter " data-level = "5.2.7" data-path = "../practice/node-installation.html" >
< a href = "../practice/node-installation.html" >
< b > 5.2.7.< / b >
部署 node 节点
< / a >
< / li >
< li class = "chapter " data-level = "5.2.8" data-path = "../practice/kubedns-addon-installation.html" >
< a href = "../practice/kubedns-addon-installation.html" >
< b > 5.2.8.< / b >
安装 kubedns 插件
< / a >
< / li >
< li class = "chapter " data-level = "5.2.9" data-path = "../practice/dashboard-addon-installation.html" >
< a href = "../practice/dashboard-addon-installation.html" >
< b > 5.2.9.< / b >
安装 dashboard 插件
< / a >
< / li >
< li class = "chapter " data-level = "5.2.10" data-path = "../practice/heapster-addon-installation.html" >
< a href = "../practice/heapster-addon-installation.html" >
< b > 5.2.10.< / b >
安装 heapster 插件
< / a >
< / li >
< li class = "chapter " data-level = "5.2.11" data-path = "../practice/efk-addon-installation.html" >
< a href = "../practice/efk-addon-installation.html" >
< b > 5.2.11.< / b >
安装 EFK 插件
< / a >
< / li >
< / ul >
< / li >
< li class = "chapter " data-level = "5.3" data-path = "../practice/install-kubernetes-with-kubeadm.html" >
< a href = "../practice/install-kubernetes-with-kubeadm.html" >
< b > 5.3.< / b >
生产级的 Kubernetes 简化管理工具 kubeadm
< / a >
< ul class = "articles" >
< li class = "chapter " data-level = "5.3.1" data-path = "../practice/install-kubernetes-on-ubuntu-server-16.04-with-kubeadm.html" >
< a href = "../practice/install-kubernetes-on-ubuntu-server-16.04-with-kubeadm.html" >
< b > 5.3.1.< / b >
使用 kubeadm 在 Ubuntu Server 16.04 上快速构建测试集群
< / a >
< / li >
< / ul >
< / li >
< li class = "chapter " data-level = "5.4" data-path = "../practice/service-discovery-and-loadbalancing.html" >
< a href = "../practice/service-discovery-and-loadbalancing.html" >
< b > 5.4.< / b >
服务发现与负载均衡
< / a >
< ul class = "articles" >
< li class = "chapter " data-level = "5.4.1" data-path = "../practice/traefik-ingress-installation.html" >
< a href = "../practice/traefik-ingress-installation.html" >
< b > 5.4.1.< / b >
安装 Traefik ingress
< / a >
< / li >
< li class = "chapter " data-level = "5.4.2" data-path = "../practice/distributed-load-test.html" >
< a href = "../practice/distributed-load-test.html" >
< b > 5.4.2.< / b >
分布式负载测试
< / a >
< / li >
< li class = "chapter " data-level = "5.4.3" data-path = "../practice/network-and-cluster-perfermance-test.html" >
< a href = "../practice/network-and-cluster-perfermance-test.html" >
< b > 5.4.3.< / b >
网络和集群性能测试
< / a >
< / li >
< li class = "chapter " data-level = "5.4.4" data-path = "../practice/edge-node-configuration.html" >
< a href = "../practice/edge-node-configuration.html" >
< b > 5.4.4.< / b >
边缘节点配置
< / a >
< / li >
< li class = "chapter " data-level = "5.4.5" data-path = "../practice/nginx-ingress-installation.html" >
< a href = "../practice/nginx-ingress-installation.html" >
< b > 5.4.5.< / b >
安装 Nginx ingress
< / a >
< / li >
< li class = "chapter " data-level = "5.4.6" data-path = "../practice/dns-installation.html" >
< a href = "../practice/dns-installation.html" >
< b > 5.4.6.< / b >
安装配置 DNS
< / a >
< ul class = "articles" >
< li class = "chapter " data-level = "5.4.6.1" data-path = "../practice/configuring-dns.html" >
< a href = "../practice/configuring-dns.html" >
< b > 5.4.6.1.< / b >
安装配置 Kube-dns
< / a >
< / li >
< li class = "chapter " data-level = "5.4.6.2" data-path = "../practice/coredns.html" >
< a href = "../practice/coredns.html" >
< b > 5.4.6.2.< / b >
安装配置 CoreDNS
< / a >
< / li >
< / ul >
< / li >
< / ul >
< / li >
< li class = "chapter " data-level = "5.5" data-path = "../practice/operation.html" >
< a href = "../practice/operation.html" >
< b > 5.5.< / b >
运维管理
< / a >
< ul class = "articles" >
< li class = "chapter " data-level = "5.5.1" data-path = "../practice/master-ha.html" >
< a href = "../practice/master-ha.html" >
< b > 5.5.1.< / b >
Master 节点高可用
< / a >
< / li >
< li class = "chapter " data-level = "5.5.2" data-path = "../practice/service-rolling-update.html" >
< a href = "../practice/service-rolling-update.html" >
< b > 5.5.2.< / b >
服务滚动升级
< / a >
< / li >
< li class = "chapter " data-level = "5.5.3" data-path = "../practice/app-log-collection.html" >
< a href = "../practice/app-log-collection.html" >
< b > 5.5.3.< / b >
应用日志收集
< / a >
< / li >
< li class = "chapter " data-level = "5.5.4" data-path = "../practice/configuration-best-practice.html" >
< a href = "../practice/configuration-best-practice.html" >
< b > 5.5.4.< / b >
配置最佳实践
< / a >
< / li >
< li class = "chapter " data-level = "5.5.5" data-path = "../practice/monitor.html" >
< a href = "../practice/monitor.html" >
< b > 5.5.5.< / b >
集群及应用监控
< / a >
< / li >
< li class = "chapter " data-level = "5.5.6" data-path = "../practice/data-persistence-problem.html" >
< a href = "../practice/data-persistence-problem.html" >
< b > 5.5.6.< / b >
数据持久化问题
< / a >
< / li >
< li class = "chapter " data-level = "5.5.7" data-path = "../practice/manage-compute-resources-container.html" >
< a href = "../practice/manage-compute-resources-container.html" >
< b > 5.5.7.< / b >
管理容器的计算资源
< / a >
< / li >
< li class = "chapter " data-level = "5.5.8" data-path = "../practice/federation.html" >
< a href = "../practice/federation.html" >
< b > 5.5.8.< / b >
集群联邦
< / a >
< / li >
< / ul >
< / li >
< li class = "chapter " data-level = "5.6" data-path = "../practice/storage.html" >
< a href = "../practice/storage.html" >
< b > 5.6.< / b >
存储管理
< / a >
< ul class = "articles" >
< li class = "chapter " data-level = "5.6.1" data-path = "../practice/glusterfs.html" >
< a href = "../practice/glusterfs.html" >
< b > 5.6.1.< / b >
GlusterFS
< / a >
< ul class = "articles" >
< li class = "chapter " data-level = "5.6.1.1" data-path = "../practice/using-glusterfs-for-persistent-storage.html" >
< a href = "../practice/using-glusterfs-for-persistent-storage.html" >
< b > 5.6.1.1.< / b >
使用 GlusterFS 做持久化存储
< / a >
< / li >
< li class = "chapter " data-level = "5.6.1.2" data-path = "../practice/using-heketi-gluster-for-persistent-storage.html" >
< a href = "../practice/using-heketi-gluster-for-persistent-storage.html" >
< b > 5.6.1.2.< / b >
使用 Heketi 作为 Kubernetes 的持久存储 GlusterFS 的 external provisioner
< / a >
< / li >
< li class = "chapter " data-level = "5.6.1.3" data-path = "../practice/storage-for-containers-using-glusterfs-with-openshift.html" >
< a href = "../practice/storage-for-containers-using-glusterfs-with-openshift.html" >
< b > 5.6.1.3.< / b >
在 OpenShift 中使用 GlusterFS 做持久化存储
< / a >
< / li >
< / ul >
< / li >
< li class = "chapter " data-level = "5.6.2" data-path = "../practice/glusterd-2.0.html" >
< a href = "../practice/glusterd-2.0.html" >
< b > 5.6.2.< / b >
GlusterD-2.0
< / a >
< / li >
< li class = "chapter " data-level = "5.6.3" data-path = "../practice/ceph.html" >
< a href = "../practice/ceph.html" >
< b > 5.6.3.< / b >
Ceph
< / a >
< ul class = "articles" >
< li class = "chapter " data-level = "5.6.3.1" data-path = "../practice/ceph-helm-install-guide-zh.html" >
< a href = "../practice/ceph-helm-install-guide-zh.html" >
< b > 5.6.3.1.< / b >
用 Helm 托管安装 Ceph 集群并提供后端存储
< / a >
< / li >
< li class = "chapter " data-level = "5.6.3.2" data-path = "../practice/using-ceph-for-persistent-storage.html" >
< a href = "../practice/using-ceph-for-persistent-storage.html" >
< b > 5.6.3.2.< / b >
使用 Ceph 做持久化存储
< / a >
< / li >
< li class = "chapter " data-level = "5.6.3.3" data-path = "../practice/rbd-provisioner.html" >
< a href = "../practice/rbd-provisioner.html" >
< b > 5.6.3.3.< / b >
使用 rbd-provisioner 提供 rbd 持久化存储
< / a >
< / li >
< / ul >
< / li >
< li class = "chapter " data-level = "5.6.4" data-path = "../practice/openebs.html" >
< a href = "../practice/openebs.html" >
< b > 5.6.4.< / b >
OpenEBS
< / a >
< ul class = "articles" >
< li class = "chapter " data-level = "5.6.4.1" data-path = "../practice/using-openebs-for-persistent-storage.html" >
< a href = "../practice/using-openebs-for-persistent-storage.html" >
< b > 5.6.4.1.< / b >
使用 OpenEBS 做持久化存储
< / a >
< / li >
< / ul >
< / li >
< li class = "chapter " data-level = "5.6.5" data-path = "../practice/rook.html" >
< a href = "../practice/rook.html" >
< b > 5.6.5.< / b >
Rook
< / a >
< / li >
< li class = "chapter " data-level = "5.6.6" data-path = "../practice/nfs.html" >
< a href = "../practice/nfs.html" >
< b > 5.6.6.< / b >
NFS
< / a >
< ul class = "articles" >
< li class = "chapter " data-level = "5.6.6.1" data-path = "../practice/using-nfs-for-persistent-storage.html" >
< a href = "../practice/using-nfs-for-persistent-storage.html" >
< b > 5.6.6.1.< / b >
利用 NFS 动态提供 Kubernetes 后端存储卷
< / a >
< / li >
< / ul >
< / li >
< / ul >
< / li >
< li class = "chapter " data-level = "5.7" data-path = "../practice/monitoring.html" >
< a href = "../practice/monitoring.html" >
< b > 5.7.< / b >
集群与应用监控
< / a >
< ul class = "articles" >
< li class = "chapter " data-level = "5.7.1" data-path = "../practice/heapster.html" >
< a href = "../practice/heapster.html" >
< b > 5.7.1.< / b >
Heapster
< / a >
< ul class = "articles" >
< li class = "chapter " data-level = "5.7.1.1" data-path = "../practice/using-heapster-to-get-object-metrics.html" >
< a href = "../practice/using-heapster-to-get-object-metrics.html" >
< b > 5.7.1.1.< / b >
使用 Heapster 获取集群和对象的 metric 数据
< / a >
< / li >
< / ul >
< / li >
< li class = "chapter " data-level = "5.7.2" data-path = "../practice/prometheus.html" >
< a href = "../practice/prometheus.html" >
< b > 5.7.2.< / b >
Prometheus
< / a >
< ul class = "articles" >
< li class = "chapter " data-level = "5.7.2.1" data-path = "../practice/using-prometheus-to-monitor-kuberentes-cluster.html" >
< a href = "../practice/using-prometheus-to-monitor-kuberentes-cluster.html" >
< b > 5.7.2.1.< / b >
使用 Prometheus 监控 kubernetes 集群
< / a >
< / li >
< li class = "chapter " data-level = "5.7.2.2" data-path = "../practice/promql.html" >
< a href = "../practice/promql.html" >
< b > 5.7.2.2.< / b >
Prometheus 查询语言 PromQL 使用说明
< / a >
< / li >
< / ul >
< / li >
< li class = "chapter " data-level = "5.7.3" data-path = "../practice/vistio-visualize-your-istio-mesh.html" >
< a href = "../practice/vistio-visualize-your-istio-mesh.html" >
< b > 5.7.3.< / b >
使用 Vistio 监控 Istio 服务网格中的流量
< / a >
< / li >
< / ul >
< / li >
< li class = "chapter " data-level = "5.8" data-path = "../practice/distributed-tracing.html" >
< a href = "../practice/distributed-tracing.html" >
< b > 5.8.< / b >
分布式跟踪
< / a >
< ul class = "articles" >
< li class = "chapter " data-level = "5.8.1" data-path = "../practice/opentracing.html" >
< a href = "../practice/opentracing.html" >
< b > 5.8.1.< / b >
OpenTracing
< / a >
< / li >
< / ul >
< / li >
< li class = "chapter " data-level = "5.9" data-path = "../practice/services-management-tool.html" >
< a href = "../practice/services-management-tool.html" >
< b > 5.9.< / b >
服务编排管理
< / a >
< ul class = "articles" >
< li class = "chapter " data-level = "5.9.1" data-path = "../practice/helm.html" >
< a href = "../practice/helm.html" >
< b > 5.9.1.< / b >
使用 Helm 管理 Kubernetes 应用
< / a >
< / li >
< li class = "chapter " data-level = "5.9.2" data-path = "../practice/create-private-charts-repo.html" >
< a href = "../practice/create-private-charts-repo.html" >
< b > 5.9.2.< / b >
构建私有 Chart 仓库
< / a >
< / li >
< / ul >
< / li >
< li class = "chapter " data-level = "5.10" data-path = "../practice/ci-cd.html" >
< a href = "../practice/ci-cd.html" >
< b > 5.10.< / b >
持续集成与发布
< / a >
< ul class = "articles" >
< li class = "chapter " data-level = "5.10.1" data-path = "../practice/jenkins-ci-cd.html" >
< a href = "../practice/jenkins-ci-cd.html" >
< b > 5.10.1.< / b >
使用 Jenkins 进行持续集成与发布
< / a >
< / li >
< li class = "chapter " data-level = "5.10.2" data-path = "../practice/drone-ci-cd.html" >
< a href = "../practice/drone-ci-cd.html" >
< b > 5.10.2.< / b >
使用 Drone 进行持续集成与发布
< / a >
< / li >
< / ul >
< / li >
< li class = "chapter " data-level = "5.11" data-path = "../practice/update-and-upgrade.html" >
< a href = "../practice/update-and-upgrade.html" >
< b > 5.11.< / b >
更新与升级
< / a >
< ul class = "articles" >
< li class = "chapter " data-level = "5.11.1" data-path = "../practice/manually-upgrade.html" >
< a href = "../practice/manually-upgrade.html" >
< b > 5.11.1.< / b >
手动升级 Kubernetes 集群
< / a >
< / li >
< li class = "chapter " data-level = "5.11.2" data-path = "../practice/dashboard-upgrade.html" >
< a href = "../practice/dashboard-upgrade.html" >
< b > 5.11.2.< / b >
升级 dashboard
< / a >
< / li >
< / ul >
< / li >
< li class = "chapter " data-level = "5.12" data-path = "../practice/controller-extended.html" >
< a href = "../practice/controller-extended.html" >
< b > 5.12.< / b >
扩展控制器
< / a >
< ul class = "articles" >
< li class = "chapter " data-level = "5.12.1" data-path = "../practice/openkruise.html" >
< a href = "../practice/openkruise.html" >
< b > 5.12.1.< / b >
OpenKruise
< / a >
2020-06-22 17:07:42 +08:00
< ul class = "articles" >
< li class = "chapter " data-level = "5.12.1.1" data-path = "../practice/in-place-update.html" >
< a href = "../practice/in-place-update.html" >
< b > 5.12.1.1.< / b >
原地升级
< / a >
< / li >
< / ul >
2020-06-19 14:52:56 +08:00
< / li >
< / ul >
< / li >
< li class = "header" > 领域应用< / li >
< li class = "chapter " data-level = "6.1" data-path = "../usecases/" >
< a href = "../usecases/" >
< b > 6.1.< / b >
领域应用概览
< / a >
< / li >
< li class = "chapter " data-level = "6.2" data-path = "../usecases/microservices.html" >
< a href = "../usecases/microservices.html" >
< b > 6.2.< / b >
微服务架构
< / a >
< ul class = "articles" >
< li class = "chapter " data-level = "6.2.1" data-path = "../usecases/service-discovery-in-microservices.html" >
< a href = "../usecases/service-discovery-in-microservices.html" >
< b > 6.2.1.< / b >
微服务中的服务发现
< / a >
< / li >
< li class = "chapter " data-level = "6.2.2" data-path = "../usecases/microservices-for-java-developers.html" >
< a href = "../usecases/microservices-for-java-developers.html" >
< b > 6.2.2.< / b >
使用 Java 构建微服务并发布到 Kubernetes 平台
< / a >
< ul class = "articles" >
< li class = "chapter " data-level = "6.2.2.1" data-path = "../usecases/spring-boot-quick-start-guide.html" >
< a href = "../usecases/spring-boot-quick-start-guide.html" >
< b > 6.2.2.1.< / b >
Spring Boot 快速开始指南
< / a >
< / li >
< / ul >
< / li >
< / ul >
< / li >
< li class = "chapter " data-level = "6.3" data-path = "../usecases/service-mesh.html" >
< a href = "../usecases/service-mesh.html" >
< b > 6.3.< / b >
Service Mesh 服务网格
< / a >
< ul class = "articles" >
< li class = "chapter " data-level = "6.3.1" data-path = "../usecases/the-enterprise-path-to-service-mesh-architectures.html" >
< a href = "../usecases/the-enterprise-path-to-service-mesh-architectures.html" >
< b > 6.3.1.< / b >
企业级服务网格架构
< / a >
< ul class = "articles" >
< li class = "chapter " data-level = "6.3.1.1" data-path = "../usecases/service-mesh-fundamental.html" >
< a href = "../usecases/service-mesh-fundamental.html" >
< b > 6.3.1.1.< / b >
Service Mesh 基础
< / a >
< / li >
< li class = "chapter " data-level = "6.3.1.2" data-path = "../usecases/comparing-service-mesh-technologies.html" >
< a href = "../usecases/comparing-service-mesh-technologies.html" >
< b > 6.3.1.2.< / b >
Service Mesh 技术对比
< / a >
< / li >
< li class = "chapter " data-level = "6.3.1.3" data-path = "../usecases/service-mesh-adoption-and-evolution.html" >
< a href = "../usecases/service-mesh-adoption-and-evolution.html" >
< b > 6.3.1.3.< / b >
采纳和演进
< / a >
< / li >
< li class = "chapter " data-level = "6.3.1.4" data-path = "../usecases/service-mesh-customization-and-integration.html" >
< a href = "../usecases/service-mesh-customization-and-integration.html" >
< b > 6.3.1.4.< / b >
定制和集成
< / a >
< / li >
< li class = "chapter " data-level = "6.3.1.5" data-path = "../usecases/service-mesh-conclusion.html" >
< a href = "../usecases/service-mesh-conclusion.html" >
< b > 6.3.1.5.< / b >
总结
< / a >
< / li >
< / ul >
< / li >
< li class = "chapter " data-level = "6.3.2" data-path = "../usecases/istio.html" >
< a href = "../usecases/istio.html" >
< b > 6.3.2.< / b >
Istio
< / a >
< ul class = "articles" >
< li class = "chapter " data-level = "6.3.2.1" data-path = "../usecases/istio-installation.html" >
< a href = "../usecases/istio-installation.html" >
< b > 6.3.2.1.< / b >
安装并试用 Istio service mesh
< / a >
< / li >
< li class = "chapter " data-level = "6.3.2.2" data-path = "../usecases/sidecar-spec-in-istio.html" >
< a href = "../usecases/sidecar-spec-in-istio.html" >
< b > 6.3.2.2.< / b >
Istio 中 sidecar 的注入规范及示例
< / a >
< / li >
< li class = "chapter " data-level = "6.3.2.3" data-path = "../usecases/istio-community-tips.html" >
< a href = "../usecases/istio-community-tips.html" >
< b > 6.3.2.3.< / b >
如何参与 Istio 社区及注意事项
< / a >
< / li >
< li class = "chapter " data-level = "6.3.2.4" data-path = "../usecases/istio-tutorials-collection.html" >
< a href = "../usecases/istio-tutorials-collection.html" >
< b > 6.3.2.4.< / b >
Istio 免费学习资源汇总
< / a >
< / li >
< li class = "chapter " data-level = "6.3.2.5" data-path = "../usecases/understand-sidecar-injection-and-traffic-hijack-in-istio-service-mesh.html" >
< a href = "../usecases/understand-sidecar-injection-and-traffic-hijack-in-istio-service-mesh.html" >
< b > 6.3.2.5.< / b >
Sidecar 的注入与流量劫持
< / a >
< / li >
< li class = "chapter " data-level = "6.3.2.6" data-path = "../usecases/envoy-sidecar-routing-of-istio-service-mesh-deep-dive.html" >
< a href = "../usecases/envoy-sidecar-routing-of-istio-service-mesh-deep-dive.html" >
< b > 6.3.2.6.< / b >
Envoy Sidecar 代理的路由转发
< / a >
< / li >
< / ul >
< / li >
< li class = "chapter " data-level = "6.3.3" data-path = "../usecases/linkerd.html" >
< a href = "../usecases/linkerd.html" >
< b > 6.3.3.< / b >
Linkerd
< / a >
< ul class = "articles" >
< li class = "chapter " data-level = "6.3.3.1" data-path = "../usecases/linkerd-user-guide.html" >
< a href = "../usecases/linkerd-user-guide.html" >
< b > 6.3.3.1.< / b >
Linkerd 使用指南
< / a >
< / li >
< / ul >
< / li >
< li class = "chapter " data-level = "6.3.4" data-path = "../usecases/conduit.html" >
< a href = "../usecases/conduit.html" >
< b > 6.3.4.< / b >
Conduit
< / a >
< ul class = "articles" >
< li class = "chapter " data-level = "6.3.4.1" data-path = "../usecases/conduit-overview.html" >
< a href = "../usecases/conduit-overview.html" >
< b > 6.3.4.1.< / b >
Condiut 概览
< / a >
< / li >
< li class = "chapter " data-level = "6.3.4.2" data-path = "../usecases/conduit-installation.html" >
< a href = "../usecases/conduit-installation.html" >
< b > 6.3.4.2.< / b >
安装 Conduit
< / a >
< / li >
< / ul >
< / li >
< li class = "chapter " data-level = "6.3.5" data-path = "../usecases/envoy.html" >
< a href = "../usecases/envoy.html" >
< b > 6.3.5.< / b >
Envoy
< / a >
< ul class = "articles" >
< li class = "chapter " data-level = "6.3.5.1" data-path = "../usecases/envoy-terminology.html" >
< a href = "../usecases/envoy-terminology.html" >
< b > 6.3.5.1.< / b >
Envoy 的架构与基本术语
< / a >
< / li >
< li class = "chapter " data-level = "6.3.5.2" data-path = "../usecases/envoy-front-proxy.html" >
< a href = "../usecases/envoy-front-proxy.html" >
< b > 6.3.5.2.< / b >
Envoy 作为前端代理
< / a >
< / li >
< li class = "chapter " data-level = "6.3.5.3" data-path = "../usecases/envoy-mesh-in-kubernetes-tutorial.html" >
< a href = "../usecases/envoy-mesh-in-kubernetes-tutorial.html" >
< b > 6.3.5.3.< / b >
Envoy mesh 教程
< / a >
< / li >
< / ul >
< / li >
< li class = "chapter " data-level = "6.3.6" data-path = "../usecases/mosn.html" >
< a href = "../usecases/mosn.html" >
< b > 6.3.6.< / b >
MOSN
< / a >
< / li >
< / ul >
< / li >
< li class = "chapter " data-level = "6.4" data-path = "../usecases/big-data.html" >
< a href = "../usecases/big-data.html" >
< b > 6.4.< / b >
大数据
< / a >
< ul class = "articles" >
< li class = "chapter " data-level = "6.4.1" data-path = "../usecases/spark-standalone-on-kubernetes.html" >
< a href = "../usecases/spark-standalone-on-kubernetes.html" >
< b > 6.4.1.< / b >
Spark standalone on Kubernetes
< / a >
< / li >
< li class = "chapter " data-level = "6.4.2" data-path = "../usecases/running-spark-with-kubernetes-native-scheduler.html" >
< a href = "../usecases/running-spark-with-kubernetes-native-scheduler.html" >
< b > 6.4.2.< / b >
运行支持 Kubernetes 原生调度的 Spark 程序
< / a >
< / li >
< / ul >
< / li >
< li class = "chapter " data-level = "6.5" data-path = "../usecases/serverless.html" >
< a href = "../usecases/serverless.html" >
< b > 6.5.< / b >
Serverless 架构
< / a >
< ul class = "articles" >
< li class = "chapter " data-level = "6.5.1" data-path = "../usecases/understanding-serverless.html" >
< a href = "../usecases/understanding-serverless.html" >
< b > 6.5.1.< / b >
理解 Serverless
< / a >
< / li >
< li class = "chapter " data-level = "6.5.2" data-path = "../usecases/faas.html" >
< a href = "../usecases/faas.html" >
< b > 6.5.2.< / b >
FaaS（ ）
< / a >
< ul class = "articles" >
< li class = "chapter " data-level = "6.5.2.1" data-path = "../usecases/openfaas-quick-start.html" >
< a href = "../usecases/openfaas-quick-start.html" >
< b > 6.5.2.1.< / b >
OpenFaaS 快速入门指南
< / a >
< / li >
< / ul >
< / li >
< li class = "chapter " data-level = "6.5.3" data-path = "../usecases/knative.html" >
< a href = "../usecases/knative.html" >
< b > 6.5.3.< / b >
Knative
< / a >
< / li >
< / ul >
< / li >
2020-06-24 16:47:22 +08:00
< li class = "chapter " data-level = "6.6" data-path = "../usecases/edge-computing.html" >
2020-06-19 14:52:56 +08:00
< a href = "../usecases/edge-computing.html" >
2020-06-24 16:47:22 +08:00
< b > 6.6.< / b >
2020-06-19 14:52:56 +08:00
边缘计算
< / a >
< / li >
2020-06-24 16:47:22 +08:00
< li class = "chapter " data-level = "6.7" data-path = "../usecases/ai.html" >
2020-06-19 14:52:56 +08:00
< a href = "../usecases/ai.html" >
2020-06-24 16:47:22 +08:00
< b > 6.7.< / b >
2020-06-19 14:52:56 +08:00
人工智能
< / a >
< / li >
< li class = "header" > 开发指南< / li >
< li class = "chapter " data-level = "7.1" data-path = "../develop/" >
< a href = "../develop/" >
< b > 7.1.< / b >
开发指南概览
< / a >
< / li >
< li class = "chapter " data-level = "7.2" data-path = "../develop/sigs-and-working-group.html" >
< a href = "../develop/sigs-and-working-group.html" >
< b > 7.2.< / b >
SIG 和工作组
< / a >
< / li >
< li class = "chapter " data-level = "7.3" data-path = "../develop/developing-environment.html" >
< a href = "../develop/developing-environment.html" >
< b > 7.3.< / b >
开发环境搭建
< / a >
< ul class = "articles" >
< li class = "chapter " data-level = "7.3.1" data-path = "../develop/using-vagrant-and-virtualbox-for-development.html" >
< a href = "../develop/using-vagrant-and-virtualbox-for-development.html" >
< b > 7.3.1.< / b >
本地分布式开发环境搭建（使用 Vagrant 和 Virtualbox）
< / a >
< / li >
< / ul >
< / li >
< li class = "chapter " data-level = "7.4" data-path = "../develop/testing.html" >
< a href = "../develop/testing.html" >
< b > 7.4.< / b >
单元测试和集成测试
< / a >
< / li >
< li class = "chapter " data-level = "7.5" data-path = "../develop/client-go-sample.html" >
< a href = "../develop/client-go-sample.html" >
< b > 7.5.< / b >
client-go 示例
< / a >
< / li >
< li class = "chapter " data-level = "7.6" data-path = "../develop/operator.html" >
< a href = "../develop/operator.html" >
< b > 7.6.< / b >
Operator
< / a >
< ul class = "articles" >
< li class = "chapter " data-level = "7.6.1" data-path = "../develop/operator-sdk.html" >
< a href = "../develop/operator-sdk.html" >
< b > 7.6.1.< / b >
operator-sdk
< / a >
< / li >
< / ul >
< / li >
< li class = "chapter " data-level = "7.7" data-path = "../develop/kubebuilder.html" >
< a href = "../develop/kubebuilder.html" >
< b > 7.7.< / b >
kubebuilder
< / a >
< ul class = "articles" >
< li class = "chapter " data-level = "7.7.1" data-path = "../develop/kubebuilder-example.html" >
< a href = "../develop/kubebuilder-example.html" >
< b > 7.7.1.< / b >
使用 kubebuilder 创建 operator 示例
< / a >
< / li >
< / ul >
< / li >
< li class = "chapter " data-level = "7.8" data-path = "../develop/advance-developer.html" >
< a href = "../develop/advance-developer.html" >
< b > 7.8.< / b >
高级开发指南
< / a >
< / li >
< li class = "chapter " data-level = "7.9" data-path = "../develop/contribute.html" >
< a href = "../develop/contribute.html" >
< b > 7.9.< / b >
社区贡献
< / a >
< / li >
< li class = "chapter " data-level = "7.10" data-path = "../develop/minikube.html" >
< a href = "../develop/minikube.html" >
< b > 7.10.< / b >
Minikube
< / a >
< / li >
< li class = "header" > CNCF（ ） < / li >
< li class = "chapter " data-level = "8.1" data-path = "../cloud-native/cncf.html" >
< a href = "../cloud-native/cncf.html" >
< b > 8.1.< / b >
CNCF - 云原生计算基金会简介
< / a >
< / li >
< li class = "chapter " data-level = "8.2" data-path = "../cloud-native/cncf-charter.html" >
< a href = "../cloud-native/cncf-charter.html" >
< b > 8.2.< / b >
CNCF 章程
< / a >
< / li >
< li class = "chapter " data-level = "8.3" data-path = "../cloud-native/cncf-sig.html" >
< a href = "../cloud-native/cncf-sig.html" >
< b > 8.3.< / b >
CNCF 特别兴趣小组（ ）
< / a >
< / li >
< li class = "chapter " data-level = "8.4" data-path = "../cloud-native/cncf-sandbox-criteria.html" >
< a href = "../cloud-native/cncf-sandbox-criteria.html" >
< b > 8.4.< / b >
开源项目加入 CNCF Sandbox 的要求
< / a >
< / li >
< li class = "chapter " data-level = "8.5" data-path = "../cloud-native/cncf-project-governing.html" >
< a href = "../cloud-native/cncf-project-governing.html" >
< b > 8.5.< / b >
CNCF 中的项目治理
< / a >
< / li >
< li class = "chapter " data-level = "8.6" data-path = "../cloud-native/cncf-ambassador.html" >
< a href = "../cloud-native/cncf-ambassador.html" >
< b > 8.6.< / b >
CNCF Ambassador
< / a >
< / li >
< li class = "header" > 附录< / li >
< li class = "chapter " data-level = "9.1" data-path = "../appendix/" >
< a href = "../appendix/" >
< b > 9.1.< / b >
附录说明
< / a >
< / li >
< li class = "chapter " data-level = "9.2" data-path = "../appendix/debug-kubernetes-services.html" >
< a href = "../appendix/debug-kubernetes-services.html" >
< b > 9.2.< / b >
Kubernetes 中的应用故障排查
< / a >
< / li >
< li class = "chapter " data-level = "9.3" data-path = "../appendix/material-share.html" >
< a href = "../appendix/material-share.html" >
< b > 9.3.< / b >
Kubernetes 相关资讯和情报链接
< / a >
< / li >
< li class = "chapter " data-level = "9.4" data-path = "../appendix/docker-best-practice.html" >
< a href = "../appendix/docker-best-practice.html" >
< b > 9.4.< / b >
Docker 最佳实践
< / a >
< / li >
< li class = "chapter " data-level = "9.5" data-path = "../appendix/tricks.html" >
< a href = "../appendix/tricks.html" >
< b > 9.5.< / b >
使用技巧
< / a >
< / li >
< li class = "chapter " data-level = "9.6" data-path = "../appendix/issues.html" >
< a href = "../appendix/issues.html" >
< b > 9.6.< / b >
问题记录
< / a >
< / li >
< li class = "chapter " data-level = "9.7" data-path = "../appendix/kubernetes-changelog.html" >
< a href = "../appendix/kubernetes-changelog.html" >
< b > 9.7.< / b >
Kubernetes 版本更新日志
< / a >
< ul class = "articles" >
< li class = "chapter " data-level = "9.7.1" data-path = "../appendix/kubernetes-1.7-changelog.html" >
< a href = "../appendix/kubernetes-1.7-changelog.html" >
< b > 9.7.1.< / b >
Kubernetes1.7 更新日志
< / a >
< / li >
< li class = "chapter " data-level = "9.7.2" data-path = "../appendix/kubernetes-1.8-changelog.html" >
< a href = "../appendix/kubernetes-1.8-changelog.html" >
< b > 9.7.2.< / b >
Kubernetes1.8 更新日志
< / a >
< / li >
< li class = "chapter " data-level = "9.7.3" data-path = "../appendix/kubernetes-1.9-changelog.html" >
< a href = "../appendix/kubernetes-1.9-changelog.html" >
< b > 9.7.3.< / b >
Kubernetes1.9 更新日志
< / a >
< / li >
< li class = "chapter " data-level = "9.7.4" data-path = "../appendix/kubernetes-1.10-changelog.html" >
< a href = "../appendix/kubernetes-1.10-changelog.html" >
< b > 9.7.4.< / b >
Kubernetes1.10 更新日志
< / a >
< / li >
< li class = "chapter " data-level = "9.7.5" data-path = "../appendix/kubernetes-1.11-changelog.html" >
< a href = "../appendix/kubernetes-1.11-changelog.html" >
< b > 9.7.5.< / b >
Kubernetes1.11 更新日志
< / a >
< / li >
< li class = "chapter " data-level = "9.7.6" data-path = "../appendix/kubernetes-1.12-changelog.html" >
< a href = "../appendix/kubernetes-1.12-changelog.html" >
< b > 9.7.6.< / b >
Kubernetes1.12 更新日志
< / a >
< / li >
< li class = "chapter " data-level = "9.7.7" data-path = "../appendix/kubernetes-1.13-changelog.html" >
< a href = "../appendix/kubernetes-1.13-changelog.html" >
< b > 9.7.7.< / b >
Kubernetes1.13 更新日志
< / a >
< / li >
< li class = "chapter " data-level = "9.7.8" data-path = "../appendix/kubernetes-1.14-changelog.html" >
< a href = "../appendix/kubernetes-1.14-changelog.html" >
< b > 9.7.8.< / b >
Kubernetes1.14 更新日志
< / a >
< / li >
< li class = "chapter " data-level = "9.7.9" data-path = "../appendix/kubernetes-1.15-changelog.html" >
< a href = "../appendix/kubernetes-1.15-changelog.html" >
< b > 9.7.9.< / b >
Kubernetes1.15 更新日志
< / a >
2020-08-27 23:26:28 +08:00
< / li >
< li class = "chapter " data-level = "9.7.10" data-path = "../appendix/kubernetes-1.16-changelog.html" >
< a href = "../appendix/kubernetes-1.16-changelog.html" >
< b > 9.7.10.< / b >
Kubernetes1.16 更新日志
< / a >
< / li >
< li class = "chapter " data-level = "9.7.11" data-path = "../appendix/kubernetes-1.17-changelog.html" >
< a href = "../appendix/kubernetes-1.17-changelog.html" >
< b > 9.7.11.< / b >
Kubernetes1.17 更新日志
< / a >
2020-06-19 14:52:56 +08:00
< / li >
< / ul >
< / li >
< li class = "chapter " data-level = "9.8" data-path = "../appendix/summary-and-outlook.html" >
< a href = "../appendix/summary-and-outlook.html" >
< b > 9.8.< / b >
Kubernetes 及云原生年度总结及展望
< / a >
< ul class = "articles" >
< li class = "chapter " data-level = "9.8.1" data-path = "../appendix/kubernetes-and-cloud-native-summary-in-2017-and-outlook-for-2018.html" >
< a href = "../appendix/kubernetes-and-cloud-native-summary-in-2017-and-outlook-for-2018.html" >
< b > 9.8.1.< / b >
Kubernetes 与云原生 2017 年年终总结及 2018 年展望
< / a >
< / li >
< li class = "chapter " data-level = "9.8.2" data-path = "../appendix/kubernetes-and-cloud-native-summary-in-2018-and-outlook-for-2019.html" >
< a href = "../appendix/kubernetes-and-cloud-native-summary-in-2018-and-outlook-for-2019.html" >
< b > 9.8.2.< / b >
Kubernetes 与云原生 2018 年年终总结及 2019 年展望
< / a >
< / li >
< / ul >
< / li >
< li class = "chapter " data-level = "9.9" data-path = "../appendix/cncf-annual-report.html" >
< a href = "../appendix/cncf-annual-report.html" >
< b > 9.9.< / b >
CNCF 年度报告解读
< / a >
< ul class = "articles" >
< li class = "chapter " data-level = "9.9.1" data-path = "../appendix/cncf-annual-report-2018.html" >
< a href = "../appendix/cncf-annual-report-2018.html" >
< b > 9.9.1.< / b >
CNCF 2018 年年度报告解读
< / a >
< / li >
< / ul >
< / li >
< li class = "chapter " data-level = "9.10" data-path = "../appendix/about-kcsp.html" >
< a href = "../appendix/about-kcsp.html" >
< b > 9.10.< / b >
Kubernetes 认证服务提供商（ ）
< / a >
< / li >
< li class = "chapter " data-level = "9.11" data-path = "../appendix/about-cka-candidate.html" >
< a href = "../appendix/about-cka-candidate.html" >
< b > 9.11.< / b >
认证 Kubernetes 管理员（ ）
< / a >
< / li >
< li class = "divider" > < / li >
< li >
< a href = "https://www.gitbook.com" target = "blank" class = "gitbook-link" >
本书使用 GitBook 发布
< / a >
< / li >
< / ul >
< / nav >
< / div >
< div class = "book-body" >
< div class = "body-inner" >
< div class = "book-header" role = "navigation" >
<!-- Title -->
< h1 >
< i class = "fa fa-circle-o-notch fa-spin" > < / i >
< a href = ".." > 访问集群< / a >
< / h1 >
< / div >
< div class = "page-wrapper" tabindex = "-1" role = "main" >
< div class = "page-inner" >
< div class = "search-plus" id = "book-search-results" >
< div class = "search-noresults" >
< section class = "normal markdown-section" >
< h1 id = "访问集群" > 访 问 集 群 < / h1 >
< h2 id = "第一次使用-kubectl-访问" > 第 一 次 使 用 kubectl 访 问 < / h2 >
< p > 如 果 您 是 第 一 次 访 问 Kubernetes API 的 话 ， 我 们 建 议 您 使 用 Kubernetes 命 令 行 工 具 ： < code > kubectl< / code > 。 < / p >
< p > 为 了 访 问 集 群 ， 您 需 要 知 道 集 群 的 地 址 ， 并 且 需 要 有 访 问 它 的 凭 证 。 通 常 ， 如 果 您 完 成 了 入 门 指 南 那 么 这 些 将 会 自 动 设 置 ， 或 者 其 他 人 为 您 部 署 的 集 群 提 供 并 给 您 凭 证 和 集 群 地 址 。 < / p >
< p > 使 用 下 面 的 命 令 检 查 kubectl 已 知 的 集 群 的 地 址 和 凭 证 ： < / p >
< pre class = "language-" > < code class = "lang-bash" > $ kubectl config view
< / code > < / pre >
< h2 id = "直接访问-rest-api" > 直 接 访 问 REST API< / h2 >
< p > Kubectl 处 理 对 apiserver 的 定 位 和 认 证 。 如 果 您 想 直 接 访 问 REST API， 可 以 使 用 像 curl、 wget 或 浏 览 器 这 样 的 http 客 户 端 ， 有 以 下 几 种 方 式 来 定 位 和 认 证 ： < / p >
< ul >
< li > 以 proxy 模 式 运 行 kubectl。 < ul >
< li > 推 荐 方 法 。 < / li >
< li > 使 用 已 保 存 的 apiserver 位 置 信 息 。 < / li >
< li > 使 用 自 签 名 证 书 验 证 apiserver 的 身 份 。 没 有 MITM（ 中 间 人 攻 击 ） 的 可 能 。 < / li >
< li > 认 证 到 apiserver。 < / li >
< li > 将 来 ， 可 能 会 做 智 能 的 客 户 端 负 载 均 衡 和 故 障 转 移 。 < / li >
< / ul >
< / li >
< li > 直 接 向 http 客 户 端 提 供 位 置 和 凭 据 。 < ul >
< li > 替 代 方 法 。 < / li >
< li > 适 用 于 通 过 使 用 代 理 而 混 淆 的 某 些 类 型 的 客 户 端 代 码 。 < / li >
< li > 需 要 将 根 证 书 导 入 浏 览 器 以 防 止 MITM。 < / li >
< / ul >
< / li >
< / ul >
< h3 id = "使用-kubectl-proxy" > 使 用 kubectl proxy< / h3 >
< p > 以 下 命 令 作 为 反 向 代 理 的 模 式 运 行 kubectl。 它 处 理 对 apiserver 的 定 位 并 进 行 认 证 。 < / p >
< p > 像 这 样 运 行 ： < / p >
< pre class = "language-" > < code class = "lang-bash" > $ kubectl proxy --port< span class = "token operator" > =< / span > < span class = "token number" > 8080< / span > < span class = "token operator" > & < / span >
< / code > < / pre >
< p > 然 后 您 可 以 使 用 curl、 wget 或 者 浏 览 器 来 访 问 API， 如 下 所 示 ： < / p >
< pre class = "language-" > < code class = "lang-bash" > $ < span class = "token function" > curl< / span > http://localhost:8080/api/
< span class = "token punctuation" > {< / span >
< span class = "token string" > " versions" < / span > < span class = "token builtin class-name" > :< / span > < span class = "token punctuation" > [< / span >
< span class = "token string" > " v1" < / span >
< span class = "token punctuation" > ]< / span >
< span class = "token punctuation" > }< / span >
< / code > < / pre >
< h3 id = "不使用-kubectl-proxy（13x-以前版本）" > 不 使 用 kubectl proxy（ 1.3.x 以 前 版 本 ） < / h3 >
< p > 通 过 将 认 证 token 直 接 传 递 给 apiserver 的 方 式 ， 可 以 避 免 使 用 kubectl proxy， 如 下 所 示 ： < / p >
< pre class = "language-" > < code class = "lang-bash" > $ < span class = "token assign-left variable" > APISERVER< / span > < span class = "token operator" > =< / span > < span class = "token variable" > < span class = "token variable" > $(< / span > kubectl config view < span class = "token operator" > |< / span > < span class = "token function" > grep< / span > server < span class = "token operator" > |< / span > < span class = "token function" > cut< / span > -f < span class = "token number" > 2< / span > - -d < span class = "token string" > " :" < / span > < span class = "token operator" > |< / span > < span class = "token function" > tr< / span > -d < span class = "token string" > " " < / span > < span class = "token variable" > )< / span > < / span >
$ < span class = "token assign-left variable" > TOKEN< / span > < span class = "token operator" > =< / span > < span class = "token variable" > < span class = "token variable" > $(< / span > kubectl config view < span class = "token operator" > |< / span > < span class = "token function" > grep< / span > token < span class = "token operator" > |< / span > < span class = "token function" > cut< / span > -f < span class = "token number" > 2< / span > -d < span class = "token string" > " :" < / span > < span class = "token operator" > |< / span > < span class = "token function" > tr< / span > -d < span class = "token string" > " " < / span > < span class = "token variable" > )< / span > < / span >
$ < span class = "token function" > curl< / span > < span class = "token variable" > $APISERVER< / span > /api --header < span class = "token string" > " Authorization: Bearer < span class = "token variable" > $TOKEN< / span > " < / span > --insecure
< span class = "token punctuation" > {< / span >
< span class = "token string" > " versions" < / span > < span class = "token builtin class-name" > :< / span > < span class = "token punctuation" > [< / span >
< span class = "token string" > " v1" < / span >
< span class = "token punctuation" > ]< / span >
< span class = "token punctuation" > }< / span >
< / code > < / pre >
< h3 id = "不使用-kubectl-proxy（13x-以后版本）" > 不 使 用 kubectl proxy（ 1.3.x 以 后 版 本 ） < / h3 >
< p > 在 Kubernetes 1.3 或 更 高 版 本 中 ， < code > kubectl config view< / code > 不 再 显 示 token。 使 用 < code > kubectl describe secret … < / code > 获 取 default service account 的 token， 如 下 所 示 ： < / p >
< pre class = "language-" > < code class = "lang-bash" > $ < span class = "token assign-left variable" > APISERVER< / span > < span class = "token operator" > =< / span > < span class = "token variable" > < span class = "token variable" > $(< / span > kubectl config view < span class = "token operator" > |< / span > < span class = "token function" > grep< / span > server < span class = "token operator" > |< / span > < span class = "token function" > cut< / span > -f < span class = "token number" > 2< / span > - -d < span class = "token string" > " :" < / span > < span class = "token operator" > |< / span > < span class = "token function" > tr< / span > -d < span class = "token string" > " " < / span > < span class = "token variable" > )< / span > < / span >
$ < span class = "token assign-left variable" > TOKEN< / span > < span class = "token operator" > =< / span > < span class = "token variable" > < span class = "token variable" > $(< / span > kubectl describe secret < span class = "token punctuation" > $(< / span > kubectl get secrets < span class = "token operator" > |< / span > < span class = "token function" > grep< / span > default < span class = "token operator" > |< / span > < span class = "token function" > cut< / span > -f1 -d < span class = "token string" > ' ' < / span > < span class = "token punctuation" > )< / span > < span class = "token operator" > |< / span > < span class = "token function" > grep< / span > -E < span class = "token string" > ' ^token' < / span > < span class = "token operator" > |< / span > < span class = "token function" > cut< / span > -f2 -d< span class = "token string" > ' :' < / span > < span class = "token operator" > |< / span > < span class = "token function" > tr< / span > -d < span class = "token string" > ' < span class = "token entity" title = "\t" > \t< / span > ' < / span > < span class = "token variable" > )< / span > < / span >
$ < span class = "token function" > curl< / span > < span class = "token variable" > $APISERVER< / span > /api --header < span class = "token string" > " Authorization: Bearer < span class = "token variable" > $TOKEN< / span > " < / span > --insecure
< span class = "token punctuation" > {< / span >
< span class = "token string" > " kind" < / span > < span class = "token builtin class-name" > :< / span > < span class = "token string" > " APIVersions" < / span > ,
< span class = "token string" > " versions" < / span > < span class = "token builtin class-name" > :< / span > < span class = "token punctuation" > [< / span >
< span class = "token string" > " v1" < / span >
< span class = "token punctuation" > ]< / span > ,
< span class = "token string" > " serverAddressByClientCIDRs" < / span > < span class = "token builtin class-name" > :< / span > < span class = "token punctuation" > [< / span >
< span class = "token punctuation" > {< / span >
< span class = "token string" > " clientCIDR" < / span > < span class = "token builtin class-name" > :< / span > < span class = "token string" > " 0.0.0.0/0" < / span > ,
< span class = "token string" > " serverAddress" < / span > < span class = "token builtin class-name" > :< / span > < span class = "token string" > " 10.0.1.149:443" < / span >
< span class = "token punctuation" > }< / span >
< span class = "token punctuation" > ]< / span >
< span class = "token punctuation" > }< / span >
< / code > < / pre >
< p > 以 上 示 例 使 用 < code > --insecure< / code > 标 志 。 这 使 得 它 容 易 受 到 MITM 攻 击 。 当 kubectl 访 问 集 群 时 ， 它 使 用 存 储 的 根 证 书 和 客 户 端 证 书 来 访 问 服 务 器 。 （ 这 些 安 装 在 < code > ~/.kube< / code > 目 录 中 ） 。 由 于 集 群 证 书 通 常 是 自 签 名 的 ， 因 此 可 能 需 要 特 殊 配 置 才 能 让 您 的 http 客 户 端 使 用 根 证 书 。 < / p >
< p > 对 于 某 些 群 集 ， apiserver 可 能 不 需 要 身 份 验 证 ； 可 以 选 择 在 本 地 主 机 上 服 务 ， 或 者 使 用 防 火 墙 保 护 。 对 此 还 没 有 一 个 标 准 。 < a href = "https://kubernetes.io/docs/admin/accessing-the-api" target = "_blank" > 配 置 对 API的 访 问 < / a > 描 述 了 群 集 管 理 员 如 何 配 置 此 操 作 。 这 种 方 法 可 能 与 未 来 的 高 可 用 性 支 持 相 冲 突 。 < / p >
< h2 id = "编程访问-api" > 编 程 访 问 API< / h2 >
< p > Kubernetes 支 持 < a href = "https://kubernetes.io/docs/tasks/access-application-cluster/access-cluster.md#go-client" target = "_blank" > Go< / a > 和 < a href = "https://kubernetes.io/docs/tasks/access-application-cluster/access-cluster.md#python-client" target = "_blank" > Python< / a > 客 户 端 库 。 < / p >
< h3 id = "go-客户端" > Go 客 户 端 < / h3 >
< ul >
< li > 要 获 取 该 库 ， 请 运 行 以 下 命 令 ： < code > go get k8s.io/client-go/< span class = "token tag" > < span class = "token tag" > < span class = "token punctuation" > < < / span > version< / span > < span class = "token attr-name" > number< / span > < span class = "token punctuation" > > < / span > < / span > /kubernetes< / code > 请 参 阅 < a href = "https://github.com/kubernetes/client-go" target = "_blank" > https://github.com/kubernetes/client-go< / a > 以 查 看 支 持 哪 些 版 本 。 < / li >
< li > 使 用 client-go 客 户 端 编 程 。 请 注 意 ， client-go 定 义 了 自 己 的 API 对 象 ， 因 此 如 果 需 要 ， 请 从 client-go 而 不 是 从 主 存 储 库 导 入 API 定 义 ， 例 如 导 入 < code > k8s.io/client-go/1.4/pkg/api/v1< / code > 是 正 确 的 。 < / li >
< / ul >
< p > Go 客 户 端 可 以 使 用 与 kubectl 命 令 行 工 具 相 同 的 < a href = "https://kubernetes.io/docs/concepts/cluster-administration/authenticate-across-clusters-kubeconfig" target = "_blank" > kubeconfig 文 件 < / a > 来 定 位 和 验 证 apiserver。 参 考 官 方 < a href = "https://git.k8s.io/client-go/examples/out-of-cluster-client-configuration/main.go" target = "_blank" > 示 例 < / a > 和 < a href = "../develop/client-go-sample.html" > client-go 示 例 < / a > 。 < / p >
< p > 如 果 应 用 程 序 在 群 集 中 以 Pod 的 形 式 部 署 ， 请 参 考 < a href = "https://kubernetes.io/docs/tasks/access-application-cluster/access-cluster.md#accessing-the-api-from-a-pod" target = "_blank" > 下 一 节 < / a > 。 < / p >
< h3 id = "python-客户端" > Python 客 户 端 < / h3 >
< p > 要 使 用 < a href = "https://github.com/kubernetes-incubator/client-python" target = "_blank" > Python client< / a > ， 请 运 行 以 下 命 令 ： < code > pip install kubernetes< / code > 。 查 看 < a href = "https://github.com/kubernetes-incubator/client-python" target = "_blank" > Python 客 户 端 库 页 面 < / a > 获 取 更 多 的 安 装 选 择 。 < / p >
< p > Python 客 户 端 可 以 使 用 与 kubectl 命 令 行 工 具 相 同 的 < a href = "https://kubernetes.io/docs/concepts/cluster-administration/authenticate-across-clusters-kubeconfig" target = "_blank" > kubeconfig 文 件 < / a > 来 定 位 和 验 证 apiserver。 < / p >
< h3 id = "其他语言" > 其 他 语 言 < / h3 >
< p > 还 有 更 多 的 客 户 端 库 可 以 用 来 访 问 API。 有 关 其 他 库 的 验 证 方 式 ， 请 参 阅 文 档 。 < / p >
< h2 id = "在-pod-中访问-api" > 在 Pod 中 访 问 API< / h2 >
< p > 在 Pod 中 访 问 API 时 ， 定 位 和 认 证 到 API server 的 方 式 有 所 不 同 。 在 Pod 中 找 到 apiserver 地 址 的 推 荐 方 法 是 使 用 kubernetes DNS 名 称 ， 将 它 解 析 为 服 务 IP， 后 者 又 将 被 路 由 到 apiserver。 < / p >
< p > 向 apiserver 认 证 的 推 荐 方 法 是 使 用 < a href = "https://kubernetes.io/docs/user-guide/service-accounts" target = "_blank" > service account< / a > 凭 据 。 通 过 kube-system， pod 与 service account 相 关 联 ， 并 且 将 该 service account 的 凭 据 （ token） 放 入 该 pod 中 每 个 容 器 的 文 件 系 统 树 中 ， 位 于 < code > /var/run/secrets/kubernetes.io/serviceaccount/token< / code > 。 < / p >
< p > 如 果 可 用 ， 证 书 包 将 位 于 每 个 容 器 的 文 件 系 统 树 的 < code > /var/run/secrets/kubernetes.io/serviceaccount/ca.crt< / code > 位 置 ， 并 用 于 验 证 apiserver 的 服 务 证 书 。 < / p >
< p > 最 后 ， 用 于 namespace API 操 作 的 默 认 namespace 放 在 每 个 容 器 中 的 < code > /var/run/secrets/kubernetes.io/serviceaccount/namespace< / code > 中 。 < / p >
< p > 在 pod 中 ， 连 接 到 API 的 推 荐 方 法 是 ： < / p >
< ul >
< li > < p > 将 kubectl proxy 作 为 pod 中 的 一 个 容 器 来 运 行 ， 或 作 为 在 容 器 内 运 行 的 后 台 进 程 。 它 将 Kubernetes API 代 理 到 pod 的 本 地 主 机 接 口 ， 以 便 其 他 任 何 pod 中 的 容 器 内 的 进 程 都 可 以 访 问 它 。 < / p >
< / li >
< li > < p > 使 用 Go 客 户 端 库 ， 并 使 用 < code > rest.InClusterConfig()< / code > 和 < code > kubernetes.NewForConfig()< / code > 函 数 创 建 一 个 客 户 端 。 < / p >
< p > 他 们 处 理 对 apiserver 的 定 位 和 认 证 。 < a href = "https://git.k8s.io/client-go/examples/in-cluster-client-configuration/main.go" target = "_blank" > 示 例 < / a > < / p >
< / li >
< / ul >
< p > 在 以 上 的 几 种 情 况 下 ， 都 需 要 使 用 pod 的 凭 据 与 apiserver 进 行 安 全 通 信 。 < / p >
< h2 id = "访问集群中运行的-service" > 访 问 集 群 中 运 行 的 service< / h2 >
< p > 上 一 节 是 关 于 连 接 到 kubernetes API server。 这 一 节 是 关 于 连 接 到 kubernetes 集 群 中 运 行 的 service。 在 Kubernetes 中 ， < a href = "https://kubernetes.io/docs/admin/node" target = "_blank" > node< / a > 、 < a href = "https://kubernetes.io/docs/user-guide/pods" target = "_blank" > pod< / a > 和 < a href = "https://kubernetes.io/docs/user-guide/services" target = "_blank" > services< / a > 都 有 它 们 自 己 的 IP。 很 多 情 况 下 ， 集 群 中 node 的 IP、 Pod 的 IP、 service 的 IP 都 是 不 可 路 由 的 ， 因 此 在 集 群 外 面 的 机 器 就 无 法 访 问 到 它 们 ， 例 如 从 您 自 己 的 笔 记 本 电 脑 。 < / p >
< h3 id = "连接的方式" > 连 接 的 方 式 < / h3 >
< p > 您 可 以 选 择 以 下 几 种 方 式 从 集 群 外 部 连 接 到 node、 pod 和 service： < / p >
< ul >
< li > 通 过 public IP 访 问 service。 < ul >
< li > 使 用 < code > NodePort< / code > 和 < code > LoadBalancer< / code > 类 型 的 service， 以 使 service 能 够 在 集 群 外 部 被 访 问 到 。 < / li >
< li > 根 据 您 的 群 集 环 境 ， 这 可 能 会 将 服 务 暴 露 给 您 的 公 司 网 络 ， 或 者 可 能 会 将 其 暴 露 在 互 联 网 上 。 想 想 暴 露 的 服 务 是 否 安 全 。 它 是 否 自 己 进 行 身 份 验 证 ？ < / li >
< li > 将 pod 放 在 服 务 后 面 。 要 从 一 组 副 本 （ 例 如 为 了 调 试 ） 访 问 一 个 特 定 的 pod， 请 在 pod 上 放 置 一 个 唯 一 的 label， 并 创 建 一 个 选 择 该 label 的 新 服 务 。 < / li >
< li > 在 大 多 数 情 况 下 ， 应 用 程 序 开 发 人 员 不 需 要 通 过 node IP 直 接 访 问 节 点 。 < / li >
< / ul >
< / li >
< li > 通 过 Proxy 规 则 访 问 service、 node、 pod。 < ul >
< li > 在 访 问 远 程 服 务 之 前 ， 请 执 行 apiserver 认 证 和 授 权 。 如 果 服 务 不 够 安 全 ， 无 法 暴 露 给 互 联 网 ， 或 者 为 了 访 问 节 点 IP 上 的 端 口 或 进 行 调 试 ， 请 使 用 这 种 方 式 。 < / li >
< li > 代 理 可 能 会 导 致 某 些 Web 应 用 程 序 出 现 问 题 。 < / li >
< li > 仅 适 用 于 HTTP/HTTPS。 < / li >
< li > < a href = "https://kubernetes.io/docs/tasks/access-application-cluster/access-cluster.md#manually-constructing-apiserver-proxy-urls" target = "_blank" > 见 此 描 述 < / a > 。 < / li >
< / ul >
< / li >
< li > 在 集 群 内 访 问 node 和 pod。 < ul >
< li > 运 行 一 个 pod， 然 后 使 用 kubectl exec 命 令 连 接 到 shell。 从 该 shell 中 连 接 到 其 他 node、 pod 和 service。 < / li >
< li > 有 些 集 群 可 能 允 许 ssh 到 集 群 上 的 某 个 节 点 。 从 那 个 节 点 您 可 以 访 问 到 集 群 中 的 服 务 。 这 是 一 个 非 标 准 的 方 法 ， 它 可 能 将 在 某 些 集 群 上 奏 效 ， 而 在 某 些 集 群 不 行 。 这 些 节 点 上 可 能 安 装 了 浏 览 器 和 其 他 工 具 也 可 能 没 有 。 群 集 DNS 可 能 无 法 正 常 工 作 。 < / li >
< / ul >
< / li >
< / ul >
< h3 id = "访问内置服务" > 访 问 内 置 服 务 < / h3 >
< p > 通 常 集 群 内 会 有 几 个 在 kube-system 中 启 动 的 服 务 。 使 用 < code > kubectl cluster-info< / code > 命 令 获 取 该 列 表 ： < / p >
< pre class = "language-" > < code class = "lang-bash" > $ kubectl cluster-info
Kubernetes master is running at https://104.197.5.247
elasticsearch-logging is running at https://104.197.5.247/api/v1/namespaces/kube-system/services/elasticsearch-logging/proxy
kibana-logging is running at https://104.197.5.247/api/v1/namespaces/kube-system/services/kibana-logging/proxy
kube-dns is running at https://104.197.5.247/api/v1/namespaces/kube-system/services/kube-dns/proxy
grafana is running at https://104.197.5.247/api/v1/namespaces/kube-system/services/monitoring-grafana/proxy
heapster is running at https://104.197.5.247/api/v1/namespaces/kube-system/services/monitoring-heapster/proxy
< / code > < / pre >
< p > 这 显 示 了 访 问 每 个 服 务 的 代 理 URL。 < / p >
< p > 例 如 ， 此 集 群 启 用 了 集 群 级 日 志 记 录 （ 使 用 Elasticsearch） ， 如 果 传 入 合 适 的 凭 据 ， 可 以 在 该 地 址 < code > https://104.197.5.247/api/v1/namespaces/kube-system/services/elasticsearch-logging/proxy/< / code > 访 问 到 ， 或 通 过 kubectl 代 理 ， 例 如 ： < code > http://localhost:8080/api/v1/namespaces/kube-system/services/elasticsearch-logging/proxy/< / code > 。 < / p >
< p > （ 有 关 如 何 传 递 凭 据 和 使 用 kubectl 代 理 ， 请 < a href = "https://kubernetes.io/docs/tasks/access-application-cluster/access-cluster.md#accessing-the-cluster-api" target = "_blank" > 参 阅 上 文 < / a > ） < / p >
< h4 id = "手动构建-apiserver-代理-url" > 手 动 构 建 apiserver 代 理 URL< / h4 >
< p > 如 上 所 述 ， 您 可 以 使 用 < code > kubectl cluster-info< / code > 命 令 来 检 索 服 务 的 代 理 URL。 要 创 建 包 含 服 务 端 点 、 后 缀 和 参 数 的 代 理 URL， 您 只 需 附 加 到 服 务 的 代 理 URL： < / p >
< p > < code > http://< / code > < em > kubernetes_master_address< / em > < code > /api/v1/namespaces/< / code > < em > namespace_name< / em > < code > /services/< / code > < em > service_name[:port_name]< / em > < code > /proxy< / code > < / p >
< p > 如 果 您 没 有 指 定 port 的 名 字 ， 那 么 您 不 必 在 URL 里 指 定 port_name。 < / p >
< h4 id = "示例" > 示 例 < / h4 >
< ul >
< li > 要 想 访 问 Elasticsearch 的 服 务 端 点 < code > _search?q=user:kimchy< / code > ， 您 需 要 使 用 ： < code > http://104.197.5.247/api/v1/namespaces/kube-system/services/elasticsearch-logging/proxy/_search?q=user:kimchy< / code > < / li >
< li > 要 想 访 问 Elasticsearch 的 集 群 健 康 信 息 < code > _cluster/health?pretty=true< / code > ， 您 需 要 使 用 ： < code > https://104.197.5.247/api/v1/namespaces/kube-system/services/elasticsearch-logging/proxy/_cluster/health?pretty=true< / code > < / li >
< / ul >
< pre class = "language-" > < code class = "lang-json" > < span class = "token punctuation" > {< / span >
< span class = "token property" > " cluster_name" < / span > < span class = "token operator" > :< / span > < span class = "token string" > " kubernetes_logging" < / span > < span class = "token punctuation" > ,< / span >
< span class = "token property" > " status" < / span > < span class = "token operator" > :< / span > < span class = "token string" > " yellow" < / span > < span class = "token punctuation" > ,< / span >
< span class = "token property" > " timed_out" < / span > < span class = "token operator" > :< / span > < span class = "token boolean" > false< / span > < span class = "token punctuation" > ,< / span >
< span class = "token property" > " number_of_nodes" < / span > < span class = "token operator" > :< / span > < span class = "token number" > 1< / span > < span class = "token punctuation" > ,< / span >
< span class = "token property" > " number_of_data_nodes" < / span > < span class = "token operator" > :< / span > < span class = "token number" > 1< / span > < span class = "token punctuation" > ,< / span >
< span class = "token property" > " active_primary_shards" < / span > < span class = "token operator" > :< / span > < span class = "token number" > 5< / span > < span class = "token punctuation" > ,< / span >
< span class = "token property" > " active_shards" < / span > < span class = "token operator" > :< / span > < span class = "token number" > 5< / span > < span class = "token punctuation" > ,< / span >
< span class = "token property" > " relocating_shards" < / span > < span class = "token operator" > :< / span > < span class = "token number" > 0< / span > < span class = "token punctuation" > ,< / span >
< span class = "token property" > " initializing_shards" < / span > < span class = "token operator" > :< / span > < span class = "token number" > 0< / span > < span class = "token punctuation" > ,< / span >
< span class = "token property" > " unassigned_shards" < / span > < span class = "token operator" > :< / span > < span class = "token number" > 5< / span >
< span class = "token punctuation" > }< / span >
< / code > < / pre >
< h4 id = "使用-web-浏览器来访问集群中运行的服务" > 使 用 web 浏 览 器 来 访 问 集 群 中 运 行 的 服 务 < / h4 >
< p > 您 可 以 将 apiserver 代 理 网 址 放 在 浏 览 器 的 地 址 栏 中 。 然 而 ： < / p >
< ul >
< li > Web 浏 览 器 通 常 不 能 传 递 token， 因 此 您 可 能 需 要 使 用 基 本 （ 密 码 ） 认 证 。 Apiserver 可 以 配 置 为 接 受 基 本 认 证 ， 但 您 的 集 群 可 能 未 配 置 为 接 受 基 本 认 证 。 < / li >
< li > 某 些 网 络 应 用 程 序 可 能 无 法 正 常 工 作 ， 特 别 是 那 些 在 不 知 道 代 理 路 径 前 缀 的 情 况 下 构 造 URL 的 客 户 端 JavaScript。 < / li >
< / ul >
< h2 id = "请求重定向" > 请 求 重 定 向 < / h2 >
< p > 重 定 向 功 能 已 被 弃 用 和 删 除 。 请 改 用 代 理 （ 见 下 文 ） 。 < / p >
< h2 id = "多种代理" > 多 种 代 理 < / h2 >
< p > 在 使 用 kubernetes 的 时 候 您 可 能 会 遇 到 许 多 种 不 同 的 代 理 ： < / p >
< ol >
< li > < a href = "https://kubernetes.io/docs/tasks/access-application-cluster/access-cluster.md#directly-accessing-the-rest-api" target = "_blank" > kubectl 代 理 < / a > ： < ul >
< li > 在 用 户 桌 面 或 pod 中 运 行 < / li >
< li > 从 localhost 地 址 到 Kubernetes apiserver 的 代 理 < / li >
< li > 客 户 端 到 代 理 使 用 HTTP< / li >
< li > apiserver 的 代 理 使 用 HTTPS< / li >
< li > 定 位 apiserver< / li >
< li > 添 加 身 份 验 证 header< / li >
< / ul >
< / li >
< li > < a href = "https://kubernetes.io/docs/tasks/access-application-cluster/access-cluster.md#discovering-builtin-services" target = "_blank" > apiserver 代 理 < / a > ： < ul >
< li > 将 一 个 堡 垒 机 作 为 apiserver< / li >
< li > 将 群 集 之 外 的 用 户 连 接 到 群 集 IP， 否 则 可 能 无 法 访 问 < / li >
< li > 在 apiserver 进 程 中 运 行 < / li >
< li > 客 户 端 到 代 理 使 用 HTTPS（ 或 http， 如 果 apiserver 如 此 配 置 ） < / li >
< li > 根 据 代 理 目 标 的 可 用 信 息 由 代 理 选 择 使 用 HTTP 或 HTTPS< / li >
< li > 可 用 于 访 问 node、 pod 或 service< / li >
< li > 用 于 访 问 service 时 进 行 负 载 均 衡 < / li >
< / ul >
< / li >
< li > < a href = "https://kubernetes.io/docs/user-guide/services/#ips-and-vips" target = "_blank" > kube 代 理 < / a > ： < ul >
< li > 在 每 个 节 点 上 运 行 < / li >
< li > 代 理 UDP 和 TCP< / li >
< li > 不 支 持 HTTP< / li >
< li > 提 供 负 载 均 衡 < / li >
< li > 只 是 用 来 访 问 service< / li >
< / ul >
< / li >
< li > apiserver 前 面 的 代 理 /负 载 均 衡 器 ： < ul >
< li > 存 在 和 实 现 因 群 集 而 异 （ 例 如 nginx） < / li >
< li > 位 于 所 有 客 户 端 和 一 个 或 多 个 apiserver 之 间 < / li >
< li > 作 为 负 载 均 衡 器 ， 如 果 有 多 个 apiserver< / li >
< / ul >
< / li >
< li > 外 部 服 务 的 云 负 载 均 衡 器 ： < ul >
< li > 由 一 些 云 提 供 商 提 供 （ 例 如 AWS ELB， Google Cloud Load Balancer） < / li >
< li > 当 Kubernetes service 类 型 为 LoadBalancer 时 ， 会 自 动 创 建 < / li >
< li > 仅 使 用 UDP/TCP< / li >
< li > 实 施 方 式 因 云 提 供 商 而 异 < / li >
< / ul >
< / li >
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