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<title>访问集群 · Kubernetes Handbook - Kubernetes 中文指南/云原生应用架构实践手册 · Jimmy Song</title>
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<a href="https://jimmysong.io" target="_blank" class="custom-link">回到主页</a>
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<a href="https://jimmysong.io/awesome-cloud-native" target="_blank" class="custom-link">云原生开源项目大全</a>
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<a href="https://cloudnative.to" target="_blank" class="custom-link">云原生社区</a>
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<li class="divider"></li>
<li class="header">前言</li>
<li class="chapter " data-level="1.1" data-path="../">
<a href="../">
<b>1.1.</b>
序言
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<li class="header">云原生</li>
<li class="chapter " data-level="2.1" data-path="../cloud-native/cloud-native-definition.html">
<a href="../cloud-native/cloud-native-definition.html">
<b>2.1.</b>
云原生Cloud Native的定义
</a>
</li>
<li class="chapter " data-level="2.2" data-path="../cloud-native/cloud-native-philosophy.html">
<a href="../cloud-native/cloud-native-philosophy.html">
<b>2.2.</b>
云原生的设计哲学
</a>
</li>
<li class="chapter " data-level="2.3" data-path="../cloud-native/kubernetes-history.html">
<a href="../cloud-native/kubernetes-history.html">
<b>2.3.</b>
Kubernetes 的诞生
</a>
</li>
<li class="chapter " data-level="2.4" data-path="../cloud-native/kubernetes-and-cloud-native-app-overview.html">
<a href="../cloud-native/kubernetes-and-cloud-native-app-overview.html">
<b>2.4.</b>
Kubernetes 与云原生应用概览
</a>
</li>
<li class="chapter " data-level="2.5" data-path="../cloud-native/from-kubernetes-to-cloud-native.html">
<a href="../cloud-native/from-kubernetes-to-cloud-native.html">
<b>2.5.</b>
云原生应用之路 —— 从 Kubernetes 到云原生
</a>
</li>
<li class="chapter " data-level="2.6" data-path="../cloud-native/define-cloud-native-app.html">
<a href="../cloud-native/define-cloud-native-app.html">
<b>2.6.</b>
定义云原生应用
</a>
<ul class="articles">
<li class="chapter " data-level="2.6.1" data-path="../cloud-native/oam.html">
<a href="../cloud-native/oam.html">
<b>2.6.1.</b>
OAM
</a>
<ul class="articles">
<li class="chapter " data-level="2.6.1.1" data-path="../cloud-native/workload.html">
<a href="../cloud-native/workload.html">
<b>2.6.1.1.</b>
Workload
</a>
</li>
<li class="chapter " data-level="2.6.1.2" data-path="../cloud-native/component.html">
<a href="../cloud-native/component.html">
<b>2.6.1.2.</b>
Component
</a>
</li>
<li class="chapter " data-level="2.6.1.3" data-path="../cloud-native/trait.html">
<a href="../cloud-native/trait.html">
<b>2.6.1.3.</b>
Trait
</a>
</li>
<li class="chapter " data-level="2.6.1.4" data-path="../cloud-native/application-scope.html">
<a href="../cloud-native/application-scope.html">
<b>2.6.1.4.</b>
Application Scope
</a>
</li>
<li class="chapter " data-level="2.6.1.5" data-path="../cloud-native/application-configuration.html">
<a href="../cloud-native/application-configuration.html">
<b>2.6.1.5.</b>
Application Configuration
</a>
</li>
</ul>
</li>
<li class="chapter " data-level="2.6.2" data-path="../cloud-native/crossplane.html">
<a href="../cloud-native/crossplane.html">
<b>2.6.2.</b>
Crossplane
</a>
</li>
</ul>
</li>
<li class="chapter " data-level="2.7" data-path="../cloud-native/cloud-native-programming-languages.html">
<a href="../cloud-native/cloud-native-programming-languages.html">
<b>2.7.</b>
云原生编程语言
</a>
<ul class="articles">
<li class="chapter " data-level="2.7.1" data-path="../cloud-native/cloud-native-programming-language-ballerina.html">
<a href="../cloud-native/cloud-native-programming-language-ballerina.html">
<b>2.7.1.</b>
云原生编程语言 Ballerina
</a>
</li>
<li class="chapter " data-level="2.7.2" data-path="../cloud-native/cloud-native-programming-language-pulumi.html">
<a href="../cloud-native/cloud-native-programming-language-pulumi.html">
<b>2.7.2.</b>
云原生编程语言 Pulumi
</a>
</li>
</ul>
</li>
<li class="chapter " data-level="2.8" data-path="../cloud-native/the-future-of-cloud-native.html">
<a href="../cloud-native/the-future-of-cloud-native.html">
<b>2.8.</b>
云原生的未来
</a>
</li>
<li class="header">快速入门</li>
<li class="chapter " data-level="3.1" data-path="../cloud-native/quick-start.html">
<a href="../cloud-native/quick-start.html">
<b>3.1.</b>
云原生新手入门指南
</a>
</li>
<li class="chapter " data-level="3.2" data-path="../cloud-native/play-with-kubernetes.html">
<a href="../cloud-native/play-with-kubernetes.html">
<b>3.2.</b>
Play with Kubernetes
</a>
</li>
<li class="chapter " data-level="3.3" data-path="../cloud-native/cloud-native-local-quick-start.html">
<a href="../cloud-native/cloud-native-local-quick-start.html">
<b>3.3.</b>
快速部署一个云原生本地实验环境
</a>
</li>
<li class="chapter " data-level="3.4" data-path="../cloud-native/setup-kubernetes-with-rancher-and-aliyun.html">
<a href="../cloud-native/setup-kubernetes-with-rancher-and-aliyun.html">
<b>3.4.</b>
使用 Rancher 在阿里云上部署 Kubenretes 集群
</a>
</li>
<li class="header">概念与原理</li>
<li class="chapter " data-level="4.1" data-path="../concepts/">
<a href="../concepts/">
<b>4.1.</b>
Kubernetes 架构
</a>
<ul class="articles">
<li class="chapter " data-level="4.1.1" data-path="../concepts/concepts.html">
<a href="../concepts/concepts.html">
<b>4.1.1.</b>
设计理念
</a>
</li>
<li class="chapter " data-level="4.1.2" data-path="../concepts/etcd.html">
<a href="../concepts/etcd.html">
<b>4.1.2.</b>
Etcd 解析
</a>
</li>
<li class="chapter " data-level="4.1.3" data-path="../concepts/open-interfaces.html">
<a href="../concepts/open-interfaces.html">
<b>4.1.3.</b>
开放接口
</a>
<ul class="articles">
<li class="chapter " data-level="4.1.3.1" data-path="../concepts/cri.html">
<a href="../concepts/cri.html">
<b>4.1.3.1.</b>
容器运行时接口CRI
</a>
</li>
<li class="chapter " data-level="4.1.3.2" data-path="../concepts/cni.html">
<a href="../concepts/cni.html">
<b>4.1.3.2.</b>
容器网络接口CNI
</a>
</li>
<li class="chapter " data-level="4.1.3.3" data-path="../concepts/csi.html">
<a href="../concepts/csi.html">
<b>4.1.3.3.</b>
容器存储接口CSI
</a>
</li>
</ul>
</li>
<li class="chapter " data-level="4.1.4" data-path="../concepts/objects.html">
<a href="../concepts/objects.html">
<b>4.1.4.</b>
Kubernetes 中的资源对象
</a>
</li>
</ul>
</li>
<li class="chapter " data-level="4.2" data-path="../concepts/pod-state-and-lifecycle.html">
<a href="../concepts/pod-state-and-lifecycle.html">
<b>4.2.</b>
Pod 状态与生命周期管理
</a>
<ul class="articles">
<li class="chapter " data-level="4.2.1" data-path="../concepts/pod-overview.html">
<a href="../concepts/pod-overview.html">
<b>4.2.1.</b>
Pod 概览
</a>
</li>
<li class="chapter " data-level="4.2.2" data-path="../concepts/pod.html">
<a href="../concepts/pod.html">
<b>4.2.2.</b>
Pod 解析
</a>
</li>
<li class="chapter " data-level="4.2.3" data-path="../concepts/init-containers.html">
<a href="../concepts/init-containers.html">
<b>4.2.3.</b>
Init 容器
</a>
</li>
<li class="chapter " data-level="4.2.4" data-path="../concepts/pause-container.html">
<a href="../concepts/pause-container.html">
<b>4.2.4.</b>
Pause 容器
</a>
</li>
<li class="chapter " data-level="4.2.5" data-path="../concepts/pod-security-policy.html">
<a href="../concepts/pod-security-policy.html">
<b>4.2.5.</b>
Pod 安全策略
</a>
</li>
<li class="chapter " data-level="4.2.6" data-path="../concepts/pod-lifecycle.html">
<a href="../concepts/pod-lifecycle.html">
<b>4.2.6.</b>
Pod 的生命周期
</a>
</li>
<li class="chapter " data-level="4.2.7" data-path="../concepts/pod-hook.html">
<a href="../concepts/pod-hook.html">
<b>4.2.7.</b>
Pod Hook
</a>
</li>
<li class="chapter " data-level="4.2.8" data-path="../concepts/pod-preset.html">
<a href="../concepts/pod-preset.html">
<b>4.2.8.</b>
Pod Preset
</a>
</li>
<li class="chapter " data-level="4.2.9" data-path="../concepts/pod-disruption-budget.html">
<a href="../concepts/pod-disruption-budget.html">
<b>4.2.9.</b>
Pod 中断与 PDBPod 中断预算)
</a>
</li>
</ul>
</li>
<li class="chapter " data-level="4.3" data-path="../concepts/cluster.html">
<a href="../concepts/cluster.html">
<b>4.3.</b>
集群资源管理
</a>
<ul class="articles">
<li class="chapter " data-level="4.3.1" data-path="../concepts/node.html">
<a href="../concepts/node.html">
<b>4.3.1.</b>
Node
</a>
</li>
<li class="chapter " data-level="4.3.2" data-path="../concepts/namespace.html">
<a href="../concepts/namespace.html">
<b>4.3.2.</b>
Namespace
</a>
</li>
<li class="chapter " data-level="4.3.3" data-path="../concepts/label.html">
<a href="../concepts/label.html">
<b>4.3.3.</b>
Label
</a>
</li>
<li class="chapter " data-level="4.3.4" data-path="../concepts/annotation.html">
<a href="../concepts/annotation.html">
<b>4.3.4.</b>
Annotation
</a>
</li>
<li class="chapter " data-level="4.3.5" data-path="../concepts/taint-and-toleration.html">
<a href="../concepts/taint-and-toleration.html">
<b>4.3.5.</b>
Taint 和 Toleration污点和容忍
</a>
</li>
<li class="chapter " data-level="4.3.6" data-path="../concepts/garbage-collection.html">
<a href="../concepts/garbage-collection.html">
<b>4.3.6.</b>
垃圾收集
</a>
</li>
</ul>
</li>
<li class="chapter " data-level="4.4" data-path="../concepts/controllers.html">
<a href="../concepts/controllers.html">
<b>4.4.</b>
控制器
</a>
<ul class="articles">
<li class="chapter " data-level="4.4.1" data-path="../concepts/deployment.html">
<a href="../concepts/deployment.html">
<b>4.4.1.</b>
Deployment
</a>
</li>
<li class="chapter " data-level="4.4.2" data-path="../concepts/statefulset.html">
<a href="../concepts/statefulset.html">
<b>4.4.2.</b>
StatefulSet
</a>
</li>
<li class="chapter " data-level="4.4.3" data-path="../concepts/daemonset.html">
<a href="../concepts/daemonset.html">
<b>4.4.3.</b>
DaemonSet
</a>
</li>
<li class="chapter " data-level="4.4.4" data-path="../concepts/replicaset.html">
<a href="../concepts/replicaset.html">
<b>4.4.4.</b>
ReplicationController 和 ReplicaSet
</a>
</li>
<li class="chapter " data-level="4.4.5" data-path="../concepts/job.html">
<a href="../concepts/job.html">
<b>4.4.5.</b>
Job
</a>
</li>
<li class="chapter " data-level="4.4.6" data-path="../concepts/cronjob.html">
<a href="../concepts/cronjob.html">
<b>4.4.6.</b>
CronJob
</a>
</li>
<li class="chapter " data-level="4.4.7" data-path="../concepts/horizontal-pod-autoscaling.html">
<a href="../concepts/horizontal-pod-autoscaling.html">
<b>4.4.7.</b>
Horizontal Pod Autoscaling
</a>
<ul class="articles">
<li class="chapter " data-level="4.4.7.1" data-path="../concepts/custom-metrics-hpa.html">
<a href="../concepts/custom-metrics-hpa.html">
<b>4.4.7.1.</b>
自定义指标 HPA
</a>
</li>
</ul>
</li>
<li class="chapter " data-level="4.4.8" data-path="../concepts/admission-controller.html">
<a href="../concepts/admission-controller.html">
<b>4.4.8.</b>
准入控制器Admission Controller
</a>
</li>
</ul>
</li>
<li class="chapter " data-level="4.5" data-path="../concepts/service-discovery.html">
<a href="../concepts/service-discovery.html">
<b>4.5.</b>
服务发现与路由
</a>
<ul class="articles">
<li class="chapter " data-level="4.5.1" data-path="../concepts/service.html">
<a href="../concepts/service.html">
<b>4.5.1.</b>
Service
</a>
</li>
<li class="chapter " data-level="4.5.2" data-path="../concepts/topology-aware-routing.html">
<a href="../concepts/topology-aware-routing.html">
<b>4.5.2.</b>
拓扑感知路由
</a>
</li>
<li class="chapter " data-level="4.5.3" data-path="../concepts/ingress.html">
<a href="../concepts/ingress.html">
<b>4.5.3.</b>
Ingress
</a>
<ul class="articles">
<li class="chapter " data-level="4.5.3.1" data-path="../concepts/traefik-ingress-controller.html">
<a href="../concepts/traefik-ingress-controller.html">
<b>4.5.3.1.</b>
Traefik Ingress Controller
</a>
</li>
</ul>
</li>
<li class="chapter " data-level="4.5.4" data-path="../concepts/gateway.html">
<a href="../concepts/gateway.html">
<b>4.5.4.</b>
Gateway
</a>
</li>
</ul>
</li>
<li class="chapter " data-level="4.6" data-path="../concepts/authentication-and-permission.html">
<a href="../concepts/authentication-and-permission.html">
<b>4.6.</b>
身份与权限控制
</a>
<ul class="articles">
<li class="chapter " data-level="4.6.1" data-path="../concepts/serviceaccount.html">
<a href="../concepts/serviceaccount.html">
<b>4.6.1.</b>
ServiceAccount
</a>
</li>
<li class="chapter " data-level="4.6.2" data-path="../concepts/rbac.html">
<a href="../concepts/rbac.html">
<b>4.6.2.</b>
基于角色的访问控制RBAC
</a>
</li>
<li class="chapter " data-level="4.6.3" data-path="../concepts/network-policy.html">
<a href="../concepts/network-policy.html">
<b>4.6.3.</b>
NetworkPolicy
</a>
</li>
</ul>
</li>
<li class="chapter " data-level="4.7" data-path="../concepts/networking.html">
<a href="../concepts/networking.html">
<b>4.7.</b>
网络
</a>
<ul class="articles">
<li class="chapter " data-level="4.7.1" data-path="../concepts/flannel.html">
<a href="../concepts/flannel.html">
<b>4.7.1.</b>
扁平网络 Flannel
</a>
</li>
<li class="chapter " data-level="4.7.2" data-path="../concepts/calico.html">
<a href="../concepts/calico.html">
<b>4.7.2.</b>
非 Overlay 扁平网络 Calico
</a>
</li>
<li class="chapter " data-level="4.7.3" data-path="../concepts/cilium.html">
<a href="../concepts/cilium.html">
<b>4.7.3.</b>
基于 eBPF 的网络 Cilium
</a>
<ul class="articles">
<li class="chapter " data-level="4.7.3.1" data-path="../concepts/cilium-concepts.html">
<a href="../concepts/cilium-concepts.html">
<b>4.7.3.1.</b>
Cilium 架构设计与概念解析
</a>
</li>
</ul>
</li>
</ul>
</li>
<li class="chapter " data-level="4.8" data-path="../concepts/storage.html">
<a href="../concepts/storage.html">
<b>4.8.</b>
存储
</a>
<ul class="articles">
<li class="chapter " data-level="4.8.1" data-path="../concepts/secret.html">
<a href="../concepts/secret.html">
<b>4.8.1.</b>
Secret
</a>
</li>
<li class="chapter " data-level="4.8.2" data-path="../concepts/configmap.html">
<a href="../concepts/configmap.html">
<b>4.8.2.</b>
ConfigMap
</a>
<ul class="articles">
<li class="chapter " data-level="4.8.2.1" data-path="../concepts/configmap-hot-update.html">
<a href="../concepts/configmap-hot-update.html">
<b>4.8.2.1.</b>
ConfigMap 的热更新
</a>
</li>
</ul>
</li>
<li class="chapter " data-level="4.8.3" data-path="../concepts/volume.html">
<a href="../concepts/volume.html">
<b>4.8.3.</b>
Volume
</a>
</li>
<li class="chapter " data-level="4.8.4" data-path="../concepts/persistent-volume.html">
<a href="../concepts/persistent-volume.html">
<b>4.8.4.</b>
持久化卷Persistent Volume
</a>
</li>
<li class="chapter " data-level="4.8.5" data-path="../concepts/storageclass.html">
<a href="../concepts/storageclass.html">
<b>4.8.5.</b>
Storage Class
</a>
</li>
<li class="chapter " data-level="4.8.6" data-path="../concepts/local-persistent-storage.html">
<a href="../concepts/local-persistent-storage.html">
<b>4.8.6.</b>
本地持久化存储
</a>
</li>
</ul>
</li>
<li class="chapter " data-level="4.9" data-path="../concepts/extension.html">
<a href="../concepts/extension.html">
<b>4.9.</b>
集群扩展
</a>
<ul class="articles">
<li class="chapter " data-level="4.9.1" data-path="../concepts/custom-resource.html">
<a href="../concepts/custom-resource.html">
<b>4.9.1.</b>
使用自定义资源扩展 API
</a>
</li>
<li class="chapter " data-level="4.9.2" data-path="../concepts/crd.html">
<a href="../concepts/crd.html">
<b>4.9.2.</b>
使用 CRD 扩展 Kubernetes API
</a>
</li>
<li class="chapter " data-level="4.9.3" data-path="../concepts/aggregated-api-server.html">
<a href="../concepts/aggregated-api-server.html">
<b>4.9.3.</b>
Aggregated API Server
</a>
</li>
<li class="chapter " data-level="4.9.4" data-path="../concepts/apiservice.html">
<a href="../concepts/apiservice.html">
<b>4.9.4.</b>
APIService
</a>
</li>
<li class="chapter " data-level="4.9.5" data-path="../concepts/service-catalog.html">
<a href="../concepts/service-catalog.html">
<b>4.9.5.</b>
Service Catalog
</a>
</li>
</ul>
</li>
<li class="chapter " data-level="4.10" data-path="../concepts/multicluster.html">
<a href="../concepts/multicluster.html">
<b>4.10.</b>
多集群管理
</a>
<ul class="articles">
<li class="chapter " data-level="4.10.1" data-path="../concepts/multi-cluster-services-api.html">
<a href="../concepts/multi-cluster-services-api.html">
<b>4.10.1.</b>
多集群服务 APIMulti-Cluster Services API
</a>
</li>
<li class="chapter " data-level="4.10.2" data-path="../practice/federation.html">
<a href="../practice/federation.html">
<b>4.10.2.</b>
集群联邦Cluster Federation
</a>
</li>
</ul>
</li>
<li class="chapter " data-level="4.11" data-path="../concepts/scheduling.html">
<a href="../concepts/scheduling.html">
<b>4.11.</b>
资源调度
</a>
<ul class="articles">
<li class="chapter " data-level="4.11.1" data-path="../concepts/qos.html">
<a href="../concepts/qos.html">
<b>4.11.1.</b>
服务质量等级QoS
</a>
</li>
</ul>
</li>
<li class="header">用户指南</li>
<li class="chapter " data-level="5.1" data-path="./">
<a href="./">
<b>5.1.</b>
用户指南概览
</a>
</li>
<li class="chapter " data-level="5.2" data-path="resource-configuration.html">
<a href="resource-configuration.html">
<b>5.2.</b>
资源对象配置
</a>
<ul class="articles">
<li class="chapter " data-level="5.2.1" data-path="configure-liveness-readiness-probes.html">
<a href="configure-liveness-readiness-probes.html">
<b>5.2.1.</b>
配置 Pod 的 liveness 和 readiness 探针
</a>
</li>
<li class="chapter " data-level="5.2.2" data-path="configure-pod-service-account.html">
<a href="configure-pod-service-account.html">
<b>5.2.2.</b>
配置 Pod 的 Service Account
</a>
</li>
<li class="chapter " data-level="5.2.3" data-path="secret-configuration.html">
<a href="secret-configuration.html">
<b>5.2.3.</b>
Secret 配置
</a>
</li>
<li class="chapter " data-level="5.2.4" data-path="resource-quota-management.html">
<a href="resource-quota-management.html">
<b>5.2.4.</b>
管理 namespace 中的资源配额
</a>
</li>
</ul>
</li>
<li class="chapter " data-level="5.3" data-path="command-usage.html">
<a href="command-usage.html">
<b>5.3.</b>
命令使用
</a>
<ul class="articles">
<li class="chapter " data-level="5.3.1" data-path="docker-cli-to-kubectl.html">
<a href="docker-cli-to-kubectl.html">
<b>5.3.1.</b>
Docker 用户过渡到 kubectl 命令行指南
</a>
</li>
<li class="chapter " data-level="5.3.2" data-path="using-kubectl.html">
<a href="using-kubectl.html">
<b>5.3.2.</b>
kubectl 命令概览
</a>
</li>
<li class="chapter " data-level="5.3.3" data-path="kubectl-cheatsheet.html">
<a href="kubectl-cheatsheet.html">
<b>5.3.3.</b>
kubectl 命令技巧大全
</a>
</li>
<li class="chapter " data-level="5.3.4" data-path="using-etcdctl-to-access-kubernetes-data.html">
<a href="using-etcdctl-to-access-kubernetes-data.html">
<b>5.3.4.</b>
使用 etcdctl 访问 Kubernetes 数据
</a>
</li>
</ul>
</li>
<li class="chapter " data-level="5.4" data-path="cluster-security-management.html">
<a href="cluster-security-management.html">
<b>5.4.</b>
集群安全性管理
</a>
<ul class="articles">
<li class="chapter " data-level="5.4.1" data-path="managing-tls-in-a-cluster.html">
<a href="managing-tls-in-a-cluster.html">
<b>5.4.1.</b>
管理集群中的 TLS
</a>
</li>
<li class="chapter " data-level="5.4.2" data-path="kubelet-authentication-authorization.html">
<a href="kubelet-authentication-authorization.html">
<b>5.4.2.</b>
kubelet 的认证授权
</a>
</li>
<li class="chapter " data-level="5.4.3" data-path="tls-bootstrapping.html">
<a href="tls-bootstrapping.html">
<b>5.4.3.</b>
TLS Bootstrap
</a>
</li>
<li class="chapter " data-level="5.4.4" data-path="kubectl-user-authentication-authorization.html">
<a href="kubectl-user-authentication-authorization.html">
<b>5.4.4.</b>
创建用户认证授权的 kubeconfig 文件
</a>
</li>
<li class="chapter " data-level="5.4.5" data-path="ip-masq-agent.html">
<a href="ip-masq-agent.html">
<b>5.4.5.</b>
IP 伪装代理
</a>
</li>
<li class="chapter " data-level="5.4.6" data-path="auth-with-kubeconfig-or-token.html">
<a href="auth-with-kubeconfig-or-token.html">
<b>5.4.6.</b>
使用 kubeconfig 或 token 进行用户身份认证
</a>
</li>
<li class="chapter " data-level="5.4.7" data-path="authentication.html">
<a href="authentication.html">
<b>5.4.7.</b>
Kubernetes 中的用户与身份认证授权
</a>
</li>
<li class="chapter " data-level="5.4.8" data-path="kubernetes-security-best-practice.html">
<a href="kubernetes-security-best-practice.html">
<b>5.4.8.</b>
Kubernetes 集群安全性配置最佳实践
</a>
</li>
</ul>
</li>
<li class="chapter " data-level="5.5" data-path="access-kubernetes-cluster.html">
<a href="access-kubernetes-cluster.html">
<b>5.5.</b>
访问 Kubernetes 集群
</a>
<ul class="articles">
<li class="chapter active" data-level="5.5.1" data-path="access-cluster.html">
<a href="access-cluster.html">
<b>5.5.1.</b>
访问集群
</a>
</li>
<li class="chapter " data-level="5.5.2" data-path="authenticate-across-clusters-kubeconfig.html">
<a href="authenticate-across-clusters-kubeconfig.html">
<b>5.5.2.</b>
使用 kubeconfig 文件配置跨集群认证
</a>
</li>
<li class="chapter " data-level="5.5.3" data-path="connecting-to-applications-port-forward.html">
<a href="connecting-to-applications-port-forward.html">
<b>5.5.3.</b>
通过端口转发访问集群中的应用程序
</a>
</li>
<li class="chapter " data-level="5.5.4" data-path="service-access-application-cluster.html">
<a href="service-access-application-cluster.html">
<b>5.5.4.</b>
使用 service 访问群集中的应用程序
</a>
</li>
<li class="chapter " data-level="5.5.5" data-path="accessing-kubernetes-pods-from-outside-of-the-cluster.html">
<a href="accessing-kubernetes-pods-from-outside-of-the-cluster.html">
<b>5.5.5.</b>
从外部访问 Kubernetes 中的 Pod
</a>
</li>
<li class="chapter " data-level="5.5.6" data-path="cabin-mobile-dashboard-for-kubernetes.html">
<a href="cabin-mobile-dashboard-for-kubernetes.html">
<b>5.5.6.</b>
Cabin - Kubernetes 手机客户端
</a>
</li>
<li class="chapter " data-level="5.5.7" data-path="kubernetes-desktop-client.html">
<a href="kubernetes-desktop-client.html">
<b>5.5.7.</b>
Lens - Kubernetes IDE/桌面客户端
</a>
</li>
<li class="chapter " data-level="5.5.8" data-path="kubernator-kubernetes-ui.html">
<a href="kubernator-kubernetes-ui.html">
<b>5.5.8.</b>
Kubernator - 更底层的 Kubernetes UI
</a>
</li>
</ul>
</li>
<li class="chapter " data-level="5.6" data-path="application-development-deployment-flow.html">
<a href="application-development-deployment-flow.html">
<b>5.6.</b>
在 Kubernetes 中开发部署应用
</a>
<ul class="articles">
<li class="chapter " data-level="5.6.1" data-path="deploy-applications-in-kubernetes.html">
<a href="deploy-applications-in-kubernetes.html">
<b>5.6.1.</b>
适用于 Kubernetes 的应用开发部署流程
</a>
</li>
<li class="chapter " data-level="5.6.2" data-path="migrating-hadoop-yarn-to-kubernetes.html">
<a href="migrating-hadoop-yarn-to-kubernetes.html">
<b>5.6.2.</b>
迁移传统应用到 Kubernetes 中 —— 以 Hadoop YARN 为例
</a>
</li>
<li class="chapter " data-level="5.6.3" data-path="using-statefulset.html">
<a href="using-statefulset.html">
<b>5.6.3.</b>
使用 StatefulSet 部署用状态应用
</a>
</li>
</ul>
</li>
<li class="header">最佳实践</li>
<li class="chapter " data-level="6.1" data-path="../practice/">
<a href="../practice/">
<b>6.1.</b>
最佳实践概览
</a>
</li>
<li class="chapter " data-level="6.2" data-path="../practice/install-kubernetes-on-centos.html">
<a href="../practice/install-kubernetes-on-centos.html">
<b>6.2.</b>
在 CentOS 上部署 Kubernetes 集群
</a>
<ul class="articles">
<li class="chapter " data-level="6.2.1" data-path="../practice/create-tls-and-secret-key.html">
<a href="../practice/create-tls-and-secret-key.html">
<b>6.2.1.</b>
创建 TLS 证书和秘钥
</a>
</li>
<li class="chapter " data-level="6.2.2" data-path="../practice/create-kubeconfig.html">
<a href="../practice/create-kubeconfig.html">
<b>6.2.2.</b>
创建 kubeconfig 文件
</a>
</li>
<li class="chapter " data-level="6.2.3" data-path="../practice/etcd-cluster-installation.html">
<a href="../practice/etcd-cluster-installation.html">
<b>6.2.3.</b>
创建高可用 etcd 集群
</a>
</li>
<li class="chapter " data-level="6.2.4" data-path="../practice/kubectl-installation.html">
<a href="../practice/kubectl-installation.html">
<b>6.2.4.</b>
安装 kubectl 命令行工具
</a>
</li>
<li class="chapter " data-level="6.2.5" data-path="../practice/master-installation.html">
<a href="../practice/master-installation.html">
<b>6.2.5.</b>
部署 master 节点
</a>
</li>
<li class="chapter " data-level="6.2.6" data-path="../practice/flannel-installation.html">
<a href="../practice/flannel-installation.html">
<b>6.2.6.</b>
安装 flannel 网络插件
</a>
</li>
<li class="chapter " data-level="6.2.7" data-path="../practice/node-installation.html">
<a href="../practice/node-installation.html">
<b>6.2.7.</b>
部署 node 节点
</a>
</li>
<li class="chapter " data-level="6.2.8" data-path="../practice/kubedns-addon-installation.html">
<a href="../practice/kubedns-addon-installation.html">
<b>6.2.8.</b>
安装 kubedns 插件
</a>
</li>
<li class="chapter " data-level="6.2.9" data-path="../practice/dashboard-addon-installation.html">
<a href="../practice/dashboard-addon-installation.html">
<b>6.2.9.</b>
安装 dashboard 插件
</a>
</li>
<li class="chapter " data-level="6.2.10" data-path="../practice/heapster-addon-installation.html">
<a href="../practice/heapster-addon-installation.html">
<b>6.2.10.</b>
安装 heapster 插件
</a>
</li>
<li class="chapter " data-level="6.2.11" data-path="../practice/efk-addon-installation.html">
<a href="../practice/efk-addon-installation.html">
<b>6.2.11.</b>
安装 EFK 插件
</a>
</li>
</ul>
</li>
<li class="chapter " data-level="6.3" data-path="../practice/install-kubernetes-with-kubeadm.html">
<a href="../practice/install-kubernetes-with-kubeadm.html">
<b>6.3.</b>
生产级的 Kubernetes 简化管理工具 kubeadm
</a>
<ul class="articles">
<li class="chapter " data-level="6.3.1" data-path="../practice/install-kubernetes-on-ubuntu-server-16.04-with-kubeadm.html">
<a href="../practice/install-kubernetes-on-ubuntu-server-16.04-with-kubeadm.html">
<b>6.3.1.</b>
使用 kubeadm 在 Ubuntu Server 16.04 上快速构建测试集群
</a>
</li>
</ul>
</li>
<li class="chapter " data-level="6.4" data-path="../practice/service-discovery-and-loadbalancing.html">
<a href="../practice/service-discovery-and-loadbalancing.html">
<b>6.4.</b>
服务发现与负载均衡
</a>
<ul class="articles">
<li class="chapter " data-level="6.4.1" data-path="../practice/traefik-ingress-installation.html">
<a href="../practice/traefik-ingress-installation.html">
<b>6.4.1.</b>
安装 Traefik ingress
</a>
</li>
<li class="chapter " data-level="6.4.2" data-path="../practice/distributed-load-test.html">
<a href="../practice/distributed-load-test.html">
<b>6.4.2.</b>
分布式负载测试
</a>
</li>
<li class="chapter " data-level="6.4.3" data-path="../practice/network-and-cluster-perfermance-test.html">
<a href="../practice/network-and-cluster-perfermance-test.html">
<b>6.4.3.</b>
网络和集群性能测试
</a>
</li>
<li class="chapter " data-level="6.4.4" data-path="../practice/edge-node-configuration.html">
<a href="../practice/edge-node-configuration.html">
<b>6.4.4.</b>
边缘节点配置
</a>
</li>
<li class="chapter " data-level="6.4.5" data-path="../practice/nginx-ingress-installation.html">
<a href="../practice/nginx-ingress-installation.html">
<b>6.4.5.</b>
安装 Nginx ingress
</a>
</li>
<li class="chapter " data-level="6.4.6" data-path="../practice/dns-installation.html">
<a href="../practice/dns-installation.html">
<b>6.4.6.</b>
安装配置 DNS
</a>
<ul class="articles">
<li class="chapter " data-level="6.4.6.1" data-path="../practice/configuring-dns.html">
<a href="../practice/configuring-dns.html">
<b>6.4.6.1.</b>
安装配置 Kube-dns
</a>
</li>
<li class="chapter " data-level="6.4.6.2" data-path="../practice/coredns.html">
<a href="../practice/coredns.html">
<b>6.4.6.2.</b>
安装配置 CoreDNS
</a>
</li>
</ul>
</li>
</ul>
</li>
<li class="chapter " data-level="6.5" data-path="../practice/operation.html">
<a href="../practice/operation.html">
<b>6.5.</b>
运维管理
</a>
<ul class="articles">
<li class="chapter " data-level="6.5.1" data-path="../practice/master-ha.html">
<a href="../practice/master-ha.html">
<b>6.5.1.</b>
Master 节点高可用
</a>
</li>
<li class="chapter " data-level="6.5.2" data-path="../practice/service-rolling-update.html">
<a href="../practice/service-rolling-update.html">
<b>6.5.2.</b>
服务滚动升级
</a>
</li>
<li class="chapter " data-level="6.5.3" data-path="../practice/app-log-collection.html">
<a href="../practice/app-log-collection.html">
<b>6.5.3.</b>
应用日志收集
</a>
</li>
<li class="chapter " data-level="6.5.4" data-path="../practice/configuration-best-practice.html">
<a href="../practice/configuration-best-practice.html">
<b>6.5.4.</b>
配置最佳实践
</a>
</li>
<li class="chapter " data-level="6.5.5" data-path="../practice/monitor.html">
<a href="../practice/monitor.html">
<b>6.5.5.</b>
集群及应用监控
</a>
</li>
<li class="chapter " data-level="6.5.6" data-path="../practice/data-persistence-problem.html">
<a href="../practice/data-persistence-problem.html">
<b>6.5.6.</b>
数据持久化问题
</a>
</li>
<li class="chapter " data-level="6.5.7" data-path="../practice/manage-compute-resources-container.html">
<a href="../practice/manage-compute-resources-container.html">
<b>6.5.7.</b>
管理容器的计算资源
</a>
</li>
</ul>
</li>
<li class="chapter " data-level="6.6" data-path="../practice/storage.html">
<a href="../practice/storage.html">
<b>6.6.</b>
存储管理
</a>
<ul class="articles">
<li class="chapter " data-level="6.6.1" data-path="../practice/glusterfs.html">
<a href="../practice/glusterfs.html">
<b>6.6.1.</b>
GlusterFS
</a>
<ul class="articles">
<li class="chapter " data-level="6.6.1.1" data-path="../practice/using-glusterfs-for-persistent-storage.html">
<a href="../practice/using-glusterfs-for-persistent-storage.html">
<b>6.6.1.1.</b>
使用 GlusterFS 做持久化存储
</a>
</li>
<li class="chapter " data-level="6.6.1.2" data-path="../practice/using-heketi-gluster-for-persistent-storage.html">
<a href="../practice/using-heketi-gluster-for-persistent-storage.html">
<b>6.6.1.2.</b>
使用 Heketi 作为 Kubernetes 的持久存储 GlusterFS 的 external provisioner
</a>
</li>
<li class="chapter " data-level="6.6.1.3" data-path="../practice/storage-for-containers-using-glusterfs-with-openshift.html">
<a href="../practice/storage-for-containers-using-glusterfs-with-openshift.html">
<b>6.6.1.3.</b>
在 OpenShift 中使用 GlusterFS 做持久化存储
</a>
</li>
</ul>
</li>
<li class="chapter " data-level="6.6.2" data-path="../practice/glusterd-2.0.html">
<a href="../practice/glusterd-2.0.html">
<b>6.6.2.</b>
GlusterD-2.0
</a>
</li>
<li class="chapter " data-level="6.6.3" data-path="../practice/ceph.html">
<a href="../practice/ceph.html">
<b>6.6.3.</b>
Ceph
</a>
<ul class="articles">
<li class="chapter " data-level="6.6.3.1" data-path="../practice/ceph-helm-install-guide-zh.html">
<a href="../practice/ceph-helm-install-guide-zh.html">
<b>6.6.3.1.</b>
用 Helm 托管安装 Ceph 集群并提供后端存储
</a>
</li>
<li class="chapter " data-level="6.6.3.2" data-path="../practice/using-ceph-for-persistent-storage.html">
<a href="../practice/using-ceph-for-persistent-storage.html">
<b>6.6.3.2.</b>
使用 Ceph 做持久化存储
</a>
</li>
<li class="chapter " data-level="6.6.3.3" data-path="../practice/rbd-provisioner.html">
<a href="../practice/rbd-provisioner.html">
<b>6.6.3.3.</b>
使用 rbd-provisioner 提供 rbd 持久化存储
</a>
</li>
</ul>
</li>
<li class="chapter " data-level="6.6.4" data-path="../practice/openebs.html">
<a href="../practice/openebs.html">
<b>6.6.4.</b>
OpenEBS
</a>
<ul class="articles">
<li class="chapter " data-level="6.6.4.1" data-path="../practice/using-openebs-for-persistent-storage.html">
<a href="../practice/using-openebs-for-persistent-storage.html">
<b>6.6.4.1.</b>
使用 OpenEBS 做持久化存储
</a>
</li>
</ul>
</li>
<li class="chapter " data-level="6.6.5" data-path="../practice/rook.html">
<a href="../practice/rook.html">
<b>6.6.5.</b>
Rook
</a>
</li>
<li class="chapter " data-level="6.6.6" data-path="../practice/nfs.html">
<a href="../practice/nfs.html">
<b>6.6.6.</b>
NFS
</a>
<ul class="articles">
<li class="chapter " data-level="6.6.6.1" data-path="../practice/using-nfs-for-persistent-storage.html">
<a href="../practice/using-nfs-for-persistent-storage.html">
<b>6.6.6.1.</b>
利用 NFS 动态提供 Kubernetes 后端存储卷
</a>
</li>
</ul>
</li>
</ul>
</li>
<li class="chapter " data-level="6.7" data-path="../practice/monitoring.html">
<a href="../practice/monitoring.html">
<b>6.7.</b>
集群与应用监控
</a>
<ul class="articles">
<li class="chapter " data-level="6.7.1" data-path="../practice/heapster.html">
<a href="../practice/heapster.html">
<b>6.7.1.</b>
Heapster
</a>
<ul class="articles">
<li class="chapter " data-level="6.7.1.1" data-path="../practice/using-heapster-to-get-object-metrics.html">
<a href="../practice/using-heapster-to-get-object-metrics.html">
<b>6.7.1.1.</b>
使用 Heapster 获取集群和对象的 metric 数据
</a>
</li>
</ul>
</li>
<li class="chapter " data-level="6.7.2" data-path="../practice/prometheus.html">
<a href="../practice/prometheus.html">
<b>6.7.2.</b>
Prometheus
</a>
<ul class="articles">
<li class="chapter " data-level="6.7.2.1" data-path="../practice/using-prometheus-to-monitor-kuberentes-cluster.html">
<a href="../practice/using-prometheus-to-monitor-kuberentes-cluster.html">
<b>6.7.2.1.</b>
使用 Prometheus 监控 Kubernetes 集群
</a>
</li>
<li class="chapter " data-level="6.7.2.2" data-path="../practice/promql.html">
<a href="../practice/promql.html">
<b>6.7.2.2.</b>
Prometheus 查询语言 PromQL 使用说明
</a>
</li>
</ul>
</li>
<li class="chapter " data-level="6.7.3" data-path="../practice/vistio-visualize-your-istio-mesh.html">
<a href="../practice/vistio-visualize-your-istio-mesh.html">
<b>6.7.3.</b>
使用 Vistio 监控 Istio 服务网格中的流量
</a>
</li>
</ul>
</li>
<li class="chapter " data-level="6.8" data-path="../practice/distributed-tracing.html">
<a href="../practice/distributed-tracing.html">
<b>6.8.</b>
分布式追踪
</a>
<ul class="articles">
<li class="chapter " data-level="6.8.1" data-path="../practice/opentracing.html">
<a href="../practice/opentracing.html">
<b>6.8.1.</b>
OpenTracing
</a>
</li>
</ul>
</li>
<li class="chapter " data-level="6.9" data-path="../practice/services-management-tool.html">
<a href="../practice/services-management-tool.html">
<b>6.9.</b>
服务编排管理
</a>
<ul class="articles">
<li class="chapter " data-level="6.9.1" data-path="../practice/helm.html">
<a href="../practice/helm.html">
<b>6.9.1.</b>
使用 Helm 管理 Kubernetes 应用
</a>
</li>
<li class="chapter " data-level="6.9.2" data-path="../practice/create-private-charts-repo.html">
<a href="../practice/create-private-charts-repo.html">
<b>6.9.2.</b>
构建私有 Chart 仓库
</a>
</li>
</ul>
</li>
<li class="chapter " data-level="6.10" data-path="../practice/ci-cd.html">
<a href="../practice/ci-cd.html">
<b>6.10.</b>
持续集成与发布
</a>
<ul class="articles">
<li class="chapter " data-level="6.10.1" data-path="../practice/jenkins-ci-cd.html">
<a href="../practice/jenkins-ci-cd.html">
<b>6.10.1.</b>
使用 Jenkins 进行持续集成与发布
</a>
</li>
<li class="chapter " data-level="6.10.2" data-path="../practice/drone-ci-cd.html">
<a href="../practice/drone-ci-cd.html">
<b>6.10.2.</b>
使用 Drone 进行持续集成与发布
</a>
</li>
</ul>
</li>
<li class="chapter " data-level="6.11" data-path="../practice/update-and-upgrade.html">
<a href="../practice/update-and-upgrade.html">
<b>6.11.</b>
更新与升级
</a>
<ul class="articles">
<li class="chapter " data-level="6.11.1" data-path="../practice/manually-upgrade.html">
<a href="../practice/manually-upgrade.html">
<b>6.11.1.</b>
手动升级 Kubernetes 集群
</a>
</li>
<li class="chapter " data-level="6.11.2" data-path="../practice/dashboard-upgrade.html">
<a href="../practice/dashboard-upgrade.html">
<b>6.11.2.</b>
升级 dashboard
</a>
</li>
</ul>
</li>
<li class="chapter " data-level="6.12" data-path="../practice/controller-extended.html">
<a href="../practice/controller-extended.html">
<b>6.12.</b>
扩展控制器
</a>
<ul class="articles">
<li class="chapter " data-level="6.12.1" data-path="../practice/openkruise.html">
<a href="../practice/openkruise.html">
<b>6.12.1.</b>
OpenKruise
</a>
<ul class="articles">
<li class="chapter " data-level="6.12.1.1" data-path="../practice/in-place-update.html">
<a href="../practice/in-place-update.html">
<b>6.12.1.1.</b>
原地升级
</a>
</li>
</ul>
</li>
</ul>
</li>
<li class="chapter " data-level="6.13" data-path="../practice/security-policy.html">
<a href="../practice/security-policy.html">
<b>6.13.</b>
安全策略
</a>
<ul class="articles">
<li class="chapter " data-level="6.13.1" data-path="../practice/open-policy-agent.html">
<a href="../practice/open-policy-agent.html">
<b>6.13.1.</b>
开放策略代理OPA
</a>
</li>
<li class="chapter " data-level="6.13.2" data-path="../practice/cloud-native-security.html">
<a href="../practice/cloud-native-security.html">
<b>6.13.2.</b>
云原生安全
</a>
</li>
</ul>
</li>
<li class="header">服务网格</li>
<li class="chapter " data-level="7.1" data-path="../usecases/service-mesh.html">
<a href="../usecases/service-mesh.html">
<b>7.1.</b>
服务网格Service Mesh
</a>
</li>
<li class="chapter " data-level="7.2" data-path="../usecases/the-enterprise-path-to-service-mesh-architectures.html">
<a href="../usecases/the-enterprise-path-to-service-mesh-architectures.html">
<b>7.2.</b>
企业级服务网格架构
</a>
<ul class="articles">
<li class="chapter " data-level="7.2.1" data-path="../usecases/service-mesh-fundamental.html">
<a href="../usecases/service-mesh-fundamental.html">
<b>7.2.1.</b>
服务网格基础
</a>
</li>
<li class="chapter " data-level="7.2.2" data-path="../usecases/comparing-service-mesh-technologies.html">
<a href="../usecases/comparing-service-mesh-technologies.html">
<b>7.2.2.</b>
服务网格技术对比
</a>
</li>
<li class="chapter " data-level="7.2.3" data-path="../usecases/service-mesh-vs-api-gateway.html">
<a href="../usecases/service-mesh-vs-api-gateway.html">
<b>7.2.3.</b>
服务网格对比 API 网关
</a>
</li>
<li class="chapter " data-level="7.2.4" data-path="../usecases/service-mesh-adoption-and-evolution.html">
<a href="../usecases/service-mesh-adoption-and-evolution.html">
<b>7.2.4.</b>
采纳和演进
</a>
</li>
<li class="chapter " data-level="7.2.5" data-path="../usecases/service-mesh-customization-and-integration.html">
<a href="../usecases/service-mesh-customization-and-integration.html">
<b>7.2.5.</b>
定制和集成
</a>
</li>
<li class="chapter " data-level="7.2.6" data-path="../usecases/service-mesh-conclusion.html">
<a href="../usecases/service-mesh-conclusion.html">
<b>7.2.6.</b>
总结
</a>
</li>
</ul>
</li>
<li class="chapter " data-level="7.3" data-path="../usecases/istio.html">
<a href="../usecases/istio.html">
<b>7.3.</b>
Istio
</a>
<ul class="articles">
<li class="chapter " data-level="7.3.1" data-path="../usecases/before-using-istio.html">
<a href="../usecases/before-using-istio.html">
<b>7.3.1.</b>
使用 Istio 前需要考虑的问题
</a>
</li>
<li class="chapter " data-level="7.3.2" data-path="../usecases/sidecar-spec-in-istio.html">
<a href="../usecases/sidecar-spec-in-istio.html">
<b>7.3.2.</b>
Istio 中 sidecar 的注入规范及示例
</a>
</li>
<li class="chapter " data-level="7.3.3" data-path="../usecases/istio-community-tips.html">
<a href="../usecases/istio-community-tips.html">
<b>7.3.3.</b>
如何参与 Istio 社区及注意事项
</a>
</li>
<li class="chapter " data-level="7.3.4" data-path="../usecases/istio-tutorials-collection.html">
<a href="../usecases/istio-tutorials-collection.html">
<b>7.3.4.</b>
Istio 免费学习资源汇总
</a>
</li>
<li class="chapter " data-level="7.3.5" data-path="../usecases/understand-sidecar-injection-and-traffic-hijack-in-istio-service-mesh.html">
<a href="../usecases/understand-sidecar-injection-and-traffic-hijack-in-istio-service-mesh.html">
<b>7.3.5.</b>
Sidecar 的注入与流量劫持
</a>
</li>
<li class="chapter " data-level="7.3.6" data-path="../usecases/envoy-sidecar-routing-of-istio-service-mesh-deep-dive.html">
<a href="../usecases/envoy-sidecar-routing-of-istio-service-mesh-deep-dive.html">
<b>7.3.6.</b>
Envoy Sidecar 代理的路由转发
</a>
</li>
<li class="chapter " data-level="7.3.7" data-path="../usecases/how-to-integrate-istio-with-vm.html">
<a href="../usecases/how-to-integrate-istio-with-vm.html">
<b>7.3.7.</b>
Istio 如何支持虚拟机
</a>
</li>
<li class="chapter " data-level="7.3.8" data-path="../usecases/istio-vm-support.html">
<a href="../usecases/istio-vm-support.html">
<b>7.3.8.</b>
Istio 支持虚拟机的历史
</a>
</li>
</ul>
</li>
<li class="chapter " data-level="7.4" data-path="../usecases/envoy.html">
<a href="../usecases/envoy.html">
<b>7.4.</b>
Envoy
</a>
<ul class="articles">
<li class="chapter " data-level="7.4.1" data-path="../usecases/envoy-terminology.html">
<a href="../usecases/envoy-terminology.html">
<b>7.4.1.</b>
Envoy 的架构与基本术语
</a>
</li>
<li class="chapter " data-level="7.4.2" data-path="../usecases/envoy-front-proxy.html">
<a href="../usecases/envoy-front-proxy.html">
<b>7.4.2.</b>
Envoy 作为前端代理
</a>
</li>
<li class="chapter " data-level="7.4.3" data-path="../usecases/envoy-mesh-in-kubernetes-tutorial.html">
<a href="../usecases/envoy-mesh-in-kubernetes-tutorial.html">
<b>7.4.3.</b>
Envoy mesh 教程
</a>
</li>
</ul>
</li>
<li class="header">领域应用</li>
<li class="chapter " data-level="8.1" data-path="../usecases/">
<a href="../usecases/">
<b>8.1.</b>
领域应用概览
</a>
</li>
<li class="chapter " data-level="8.2" data-path="../usecases/microservices.html">
<a href="../usecases/microservices.html">
<b>8.2.</b>
微服务架构
</a>
<ul class="articles">
<li class="chapter " data-level="8.2.1" data-path="../usecases/service-discovery-in-microservices.html">
<a href="../usecases/service-discovery-in-microservices.html">
<b>8.2.1.</b>
微服务中的服务发现
</a>
</li>
<li class="chapter " data-level="8.2.2" data-path="../usecases/microservices-for-java-developers.html">
<a href="../usecases/microservices-for-java-developers.html">
<b>8.2.2.</b>
使用 Java 构建微服务并发布到 Kubernetes 平台
</a>
<ul class="articles">
<li class="chapter " data-level="8.2.2.1" data-path="../usecases/spring-boot-quick-start-guide.html">
<a href="../usecases/spring-boot-quick-start-guide.html">
<b>8.2.2.1.</b>
Spring Boot 快速开始指南
</a>
</li>
</ul>
</li>
</ul>
</li>
<li class="chapter " data-level="8.3" data-path="../usecases/big-data.html">
<a href="../usecases/big-data.html">
<b>8.3.</b>
大数据
</a>
<ul class="articles">
<li class="chapter " data-level="8.3.1" data-path="../usecases/spark-on-kubernetes.html">
<a href="../usecases/spark-on-kubernetes.html">
<b>8.3.1.</b>
Spark 与 Kubernetes
</a>
<ul class="articles">
<li class="chapter " data-level="8.3.1.1" data-path="../usecases/spark-standalone-on-kubernetes.html">
<a href="../usecases/spark-standalone-on-kubernetes.html">
<b>8.3.1.1.</b>
Spark standalone on Kubernetes
</a>
</li>
<li class="chapter " data-level="8.3.1.2" data-path="../usecases/running-spark-with-kubernetes-native-scheduler.html">
<a href="../usecases/running-spark-with-kubernetes-native-scheduler.html">
<b>8.3.1.2.</b>
运行支持 Kubernetes 原生调度的 Spark 程序
</a>
</li>
</ul>
</li>
</ul>
</li>
<li class="chapter " data-level="8.4" data-path="../usecases/serverless.html">
<a href="../usecases/serverless.html">
<b>8.4.</b>
Serverless 架构
</a>
<ul class="articles">
<li class="chapter " data-level="8.4.1" data-path="../usecases/understanding-serverless.html">
<a href="../usecases/understanding-serverless.html">
<b>8.4.1.</b>
理解 Serverless
</a>
</li>
<li class="chapter " data-level="8.4.2" data-path="../usecases/faas.html">
<a href="../usecases/faas.html">
<b>8.4.2.</b>
FaaS函数即服务
</a>
<ul class="articles">
<li class="chapter " data-level="8.4.2.1" data-path="../usecases/openfaas-quick-start.html">
<a href="../usecases/openfaas-quick-start.html">
<b>8.4.2.1.</b>
OpenFaaS 快速入门指南
</a>
</li>
</ul>
</li>
<li class="chapter " data-level="8.4.3" data-path="../usecases/knative.html">
<a href="../usecases/knative.html">
<b>8.4.3.</b>
Knative
</a>
</li>
</ul>
</li>
<li class="chapter " data-level="8.5" data-path="../usecases/edge-computing.html">
<a href="../usecases/edge-computing.html">
<b>8.5.</b>
边缘计算
</a>
</li>
<li class="chapter " data-level="8.6" data-path="../usecases/ai.html">
<a href="../usecases/ai.html">
<b>8.6.</b>
人工智能
</a>
</li>
<li class="chapter " data-level="8.7" data-path="../usecases/observability.html">
<a href="../usecases/observability.html">
<b>8.7.</b>
可观察性
</a>
</li>
<li class="header">开发指南</li>
<li class="chapter " data-level="9.1" data-path="../develop/">
<a href="../develop/">
<b>9.1.</b>
开发指南概览
</a>
</li>
<li class="chapter " data-level="9.2" data-path="../develop/sigs-and-working-group.html">
<a href="../develop/sigs-and-working-group.html">
<b>9.2.</b>
SIG 和工作组
</a>
</li>
<li class="chapter " data-level="9.3" data-path="../develop/developing-environment.html">
<a href="../develop/developing-environment.html">
<b>9.3.</b>
开发环境搭建
</a>
<ul class="articles">
<li class="chapter " data-level="9.3.1" data-path="../develop/using-vagrant-and-virtualbox-for-development.html">
<a href="../develop/using-vagrant-and-virtualbox-for-development.html">
<b>9.3.1.</b>
本地分布式开发环境搭建(使用 Vagrant 和 Virtualbox
</a>
</li>
</ul>
</li>
<li class="chapter " data-level="9.4" data-path="../develop/testing.html">
<a href="../develop/testing.html">
<b>9.4.</b>
单元测试和集成测试
</a>
</li>
<li class="chapter " data-level="9.5" data-path="../develop/client-go-sample.html">
<a href="../develop/client-go-sample.html">
<b>9.5.</b>
client-go 示例
</a>
<ul class="articles">
<li class="chapter " data-level="9.5.1" data-path="../develop/client-go-informer-sourcecode-analyse.html">
<a href="../develop/client-go-informer-sourcecode-analyse.html">
<b>9.5.1.</b>
client-go 中的 informer 源码分析
</a>
</li>
</ul>
</li>
<li class="chapter " data-level="9.6" data-path="../develop/operator.html">
<a href="../develop/operator.html">
<b>9.6.</b>
Operator
</a>
<ul class="articles">
<li class="chapter " data-level="9.6.1" data-path="../develop/operator-sdk.html">
<a href="../develop/operator-sdk.html">
<b>9.6.1.</b>
operator-sdk
</a>
</li>
</ul>
</li>
<li class="chapter " data-level="9.7" data-path="../develop/kubebuilder.html">
<a href="../develop/kubebuilder.html">
<b>9.7.</b>
kubebuilder
</a>
<ul class="articles">
<li class="chapter " data-level="9.7.1" data-path="../develop/kubebuilder-example.html">
<a href="../develop/kubebuilder-example.html">
<b>9.7.1.</b>
使用 kubebuilder 创建 operator 示例
</a>
</li>
</ul>
</li>
<li class="chapter " data-level="9.8" data-path="../develop/advance-developer.html">
<a href="../develop/advance-developer.html">
<b>9.8.</b>
高级开发指南
</a>
</li>
<li class="chapter " data-level="9.9" data-path="../develop/contribute.html">
<a href="../develop/contribute.html">
<b>9.9.</b>
社区贡献
</a>
</li>
<li class="chapter " data-level="9.10" data-path="../develop/minikube.html">
<a href="../develop/minikube.html">
<b>9.10.</b>
Minikube
</a>
</li>
<li class="header">社区及生态</li>
<li class="chapter " data-level="10.1" data-path="../cloud-native/cncf.html">
<a href="../cloud-native/cncf.html">
<b>10.1.</b>
云原生计算基金会CNCF
</a>
<ul class="articles">
<li class="chapter " data-level="10.1.1" data-path="../cloud-native/cncf-charter.html">
<a href="../cloud-native/cncf-charter.html">
<b>10.1.1.</b>
CNCF 章程
</a>
</li>
<li class="chapter " data-level="10.1.2" data-path="../cloud-native/cncf-sig.html">
<a href="../cloud-native/cncf-sig.html">
<b>10.1.2.</b>
CNCF 特别兴趣小组SIG说明
</a>
</li>
<li class="chapter " data-level="10.1.3" data-path="../cloud-native/cncf-sandbox-criteria.html">
<a href="../cloud-native/cncf-sandbox-criteria.html">
<b>10.1.3.</b>
开源项目加入 CNCF Sandbox 的要求
</a>
</li>
<li class="chapter " data-level="10.1.4" data-path="../cloud-native/cncf-project-governing.html">
<a href="../cloud-native/cncf-project-governing.html">
<b>10.1.4.</b>
CNCF 中的项目治理
</a>
</li>
<li class="chapter " data-level="10.1.5" data-path="../cloud-native/cncf-ambassador.html">
<a href="../cloud-native/cncf-ambassador.html">
<b>10.1.5.</b>
CNCF Ambassador
</a>
</li>
</ul>
</li>
<li class="chapter " data-level="10.2" data-path="../cloud-native/certification.html">
<a href="../cloud-native/certification.html">
<b>10.2.</b>
认证及培训
</a>
<ul class="articles">
<li class="chapter " data-level="10.2.1" data-path="../appendix/about-kcsp.html">
<a href="../appendix/about-kcsp.html">
<b>10.2.1.</b>
认证 Kubernetes 服务提供商KCSP说明
</a>
</li>
<li class="chapter " data-level="10.2.2" data-path="../appendix/about-cka-candidate.html">
<a href="../appendix/about-cka-candidate.html">
<b>10.2.2.</b>
认证 Kubernetes 管理员CKA说明
</a>
</li>
</ul>
</li>
<li class="header">附录</li>
<li class="chapter " data-level="11.1" data-path="../appendix/">
<a href="../appendix/">
<b>11.1.</b>
附录说明
</a>
</li>
<li class="chapter " data-level="11.2" data-path="../appendix/debug-kubernetes-services.html">
<a href="../appendix/debug-kubernetes-services.html">
<b>11.2.</b>
Kubernetes 中的应用故障排查
</a>
</li>
<li class="chapter " data-level="11.3" data-path="../appendix/material-share.html">
<a href="../appendix/material-share.html">
<b>11.3.</b>
Kubernetes 相关资讯和情报链接
</a>
</li>
<li class="chapter " data-level="11.4" data-path="../appendix/docker-best-practice.html">
<a href="../appendix/docker-best-practice.html">
<b>11.4.</b>
Docker 最佳实践
</a>
</li>
<li class="chapter " data-level="11.5" data-path="../appendix/tricks.html">
<a href="../appendix/tricks.html">
<b>11.5.</b>
Kubernetes 使用技巧
</a>
</li>
<li class="chapter " data-level="11.6" data-path="../appendix/issues.html">
<a href="../appendix/issues.html">
<b>11.6.</b>
Kubernetes 相关问题记录
</a>
</li>
<li class="chapter " data-level="11.7" data-path="../appendix/summary-and-outlook.html">
<a href="../appendix/summary-and-outlook.html">
<b>11.7.</b>
Kubernetes 及云原生年度总结及展望
</a>
<ul class="articles">
<li class="chapter " data-level="11.7.1" data-path="../appendix/kubernetes-and-cloud-native-summary-in-2017-and-outlook-for-2018.html">
<a href="../appendix/kubernetes-and-cloud-native-summary-in-2017-and-outlook-for-2018.html">
<b>11.7.1.</b>
Kubernetes 与云原生 2017 年年终总结及 2018 年展望
</a>
</li>
<li class="chapter " data-level="11.7.2" data-path="../appendix/kubernetes-and-cloud-native-summary-in-2018-and-outlook-for-2019.html">
<a href="../appendix/kubernetes-and-cloud-native-summary-in-2018-and-outlook-for-2019.html">
<b>11.7.2.</b>
Kubernetes 与云原生 2018 年年终总结及 2019 年展望
</a>
</li>
</ul>
</li>
<li class="chapter " data-level="11.8" data-path="../appendix/cncf-annual-report.html">
<a href="../appendix/cncf-annual-report.html">
<b>11.8.</b>
CNCF 年度报告解读
</a>
<ul class="articles">
<li class="chapter " data-level="11.8.1" data-path="../appendix/cncf-annual-report-2018.html">
<a href="../appendix/cncf-annual-report-2018.html">
<b>11.8.1.</b>
CNCF 2018 年年度报告解读
</a>
</li>
<li class="chapter " data-level="11.8.2" data-path="../appendix/cncf-annual-report-2020.html">
<a href="../appendix/cncf-annual-report-2020.html">
<b>11.8.2.</b>
CNCF 2020 年年度报告解读
</a>
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<a href=".." >访问集群</a>
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<h1 id="&#x8BBF;&#x95EE;&#x96C6;&#x7FA4;">&#x8BBF;&#x95EE;&#x96C6;&#x7FA4;</h1>
<h2 id="&#x7B2C;&#x4E00;&#x6B21;&#x4F7F;&#x7528;-kubectl-&#x8BBF;&#x95EE;">&#x7B2C;&#x4E00;&#x6B21;&#x4F7F;&#x7528; kubectl &#x8BBF;&#x95EE;</h2>
<p>&#x5982;&#x679C;&#x60A8;&#x662F;&#x7B2C;&#x4E00;&#x6B21;&#x8BBF;&#x95EE; Kubernetes API &#x7684;&#x8BDD;&#xFF0C;&#x6211;&#x4EEC;&#x5EFA;&#x8BAE;&#x60A8;&#x4F7F;&#x7528; Kubernetes &#x547D;&#x4EE4;&#x884C;&#x5DE5;&#x5177;&#xFF1A;<code>kubectl</code>&#x3002;</p>
<p>&#x4E3A;&#x4E86;&#x8BBF;&#x95EE;&#x96C6;&#x7FA4;&#xFF0C;&#x60A8;&#x9700;&#x8981;&#x77E5;&#x9053;&#x96C6;&#x7FA4;&#x7684;&#x5730;&#x5740;&#xFF0C;&#x5E76;&#x4E14;&#x9700;&#x8981;&#x6709;&#x8BBF;&#x95EE;&#x5B83;&#x7684;&#x51ED;&#x8BC1;&#x3002;&#x901A;&#x5E38;&#xFF0C;&#x5982;&#x679C;&#x60A8;&#x5B8C;&#x6210;&#x4E86;&#x5165;&#x95E8;&#x6307;&#x5357;&#x90A3;&#x4E48;&#x8FD9;&#x4E9B;&#x5C06;&#x4F1A;&#x81EA;&#x52A8;&#x8BBE;&#x7F6E;&#xFF0C;&#x6216;&#x8005;&#x5176;&#x4ED6;&#x4EBA;&#x4E3A;&#x60A8;&#x90E8;&#x7F72;&#x7684;&#x96C6;&#x7FA4;&#x63D0;&#x4F9B;&#x5E76;&#x7ED9;&#x60A8;&#x51ED;&#x8BC1;&#x548C;&#x96C6;&#x7FA4;&#x5730;&#x5740;&#x3002;</p>
<p>&#x4F7F;&#x7528;&#x4E0B;&#x9762;&#x7684;&#x547D;&#x4EE4;&#x68C0;&#x67E5; kubectl &#x5DF2;&#x77E5;&#x7684;&#x96C6;&#x7FA4;&#x7684;&#x5730;&#x5740;&#x548C;&#x51ED;&#x8BC1;&#xFF1A;</p>
<pre class="language-"><code class="lang-bash">$ kubectl config view
</code></pre>
<h2 id="&#x76F4;&#x63A5;&#x8BBF;&#x95EE;-rest-api">&#x76F4;&#x63A5;&#x8BBF;&#x95EE; REST API</h2>
<p>Kubectl &#x5904;&#x7406;&#x5BF9; apiserver &#x7684;&#x5B9A;&#x4F4D;&#x548C;&#x8BA4;&#x8BC1;&#x3002;&#x5982;&#x679C;&#x60A8;&#x60F3;&#x76F4;&#x63A5;&#x8BBF;&#x95EE; REST API&#xFF0C;&#x53EF;&#x4EE5;&#x4F7F;&#x7528;&#x50CF; curl&#x3001;wget &#x6216;&#x6D4F;&#x89C8;&#x5668;&#x8FD9;&#x6837;&#x7684; http &#x5BA2;&#x6237;&#x7AEF;&#xFF0C;&#x6709;&#x4EE5;&#x4E0B;&#x51E0;&#x79CD;&#x65B9;&#x5F0F;&#x6765;&#x5B9A;&#x4F4D;&#x548C;&#x8BA4;&#x8BC1;&#xFF1A;</p>
<ul>
<li>&#x4EE5; proxy &#x6A21;&#x5F0F;&#x8FD0;&#x884C; kubectl&#x3002;<ul>
<li>&#x63A8;&#x8350;&#x65B9;&#x6CD5;&#x3002;</li>
<li>&#x4F7F;&#x7528;&#x5DF2;&#x4FDD;&#x5B58;&#x7684; apiserver &#x4F4D;&#x7F6E;&#x4FE1;&#x606F;&#x3002;</li>
<li>&#x4F7F;&#x7528;&#x81EA;&#x7B7E;&#x540D;&#x8BC1;&#x4E66;&#x9A8C;&#x8BC1; apiserver &#x7684;&#x8EAB;&#x4EFD;&#x3002; &#x6CA1;&#x6709; MITM&#xFF08;&#x4E2D;&#x95F4;&#x4EBA;&#x653B;&#x51FB;&#xFF09;&#x7684;&#x53EF;&#x80FD;&#x3002;</li>
<li>&#x8BA4;&#x8BC1;&#x5230; apiserver&#x3002;</li>
<li>&#x5C06;&#x6765;&#xFF0C;&#x53EF;&#x80FD;&#x4F1A;&#x505A;&#x667A;&#x80FD;&#x7684;&#x5BA2;&#x6237;&#x7AEF;&#x8D1F;&#x8F7D;&#x5747;&#x8861;&#x548C;&#x6545;&#x969C;&#x8F6C;&#x79FB;&#x3002;</li>
</ul>
</li>
<li>&#x76F4;&#x63A5;&#x5411; http &#x5BA2;&#x6237;&#x7AEF;&#x63D0;&#x4F9B;&#x4F4D;&#x7F6E;&#x548C;&#x51ED;&#x636E;&#x3002;<ul>
<li>&#x66FF;&#x4EE3;&#x65B9;&#x6CD5;&#x3002;</li>
<li>&#x9002;&#x7528;&#x4E8E;&#x901A;&#x8FC7;&#x4F7F;&#x7528;&#x4EE3;&#x7406;&#x800C;&#x6DF7;&#x6DC6;&#x7684;&#x67D0;&#x4E9B;&#x7C7B;&#x578B;&#x7684;&#x5BA2;&#x6237;&#x7AEF;&#x4EE3;&#x7801;&#x3002;</li>
<li>&#x9700;&#x8981;&#x5C06;&#x6839;&#x8BC1;&#x4E66;&#x5BFC;&#x5165;&#x6D4F;&#x89C8;&#x5668;&#x4EE5;&#x9632;&#x6B62; MITM&#x3002;</li>
</ul>
</li>
</ul>
<h3 id="&#x4F7F;&#x7528;-kubectl-proxy">&#x4F7F;&#x7528; kubectl proxy</h3>
<p>&#x4EE5;&#x4E0B;&#x547D;&#x4EE4;&#x4F5C;&#x4E3A;&#x53CD;&#x5411;&#x4EE3;&#x7406;&#x7684;&#x6A21;&#x5F0F;&#x8FD0;&#x884C; kubectl&#x3002; &#x5B83;&#x5904;&#x7406;&#x5BF9; apiserver &#x7684;&#x5B9A;&#x4F4D;&#x5E76;&#x8FDB;&#x884C;&#x8BA4;&#x8BC1;&#x3002;</p>
<p>&#x50CF;&#x8FD9;&#x6837;&#x8FD0;&#x884C;&#xFF1A;</p>
<pre class="language-"><code class="lang-bash">$ kubectl proxy --port<span class="token operator">=</span><span class="token number">8080</span> <span class="token operator">&amp;</span>
</code></pre>
<p>&#x7136;&#x540E;&#x60A8;&#x53EF;&#x4EE5;&#x4F7F;&#x7528; curl&#x3001;wget &#x6216;&#x8005;&#x6D4F;&#x89C8;&#x5668;&#x6765;&#x8BBF;&#x95EE; API&#xFF0C;&#x5982;&#x4E0B;&#x6240;&#x793A;&#xFF1A;</p>
<pre class="language-"><code class="lang-bash">$ <span class="token function">curl</span> http://localhost:8080/api/
<span class="token punctuation">{</span>
<span class="token string">&quot;versions&quot;</span><span class="token builtin class-name">:</span> <span class="token punctuation">[</span>
<span class="token string">&quot;v1&quot;</span>
<span class="token punctuation">]</span>
<span class="token punctuation">}</span>
</code></pre>
<h3 id="&#x4E0D;&#x4F7F;&#x7528;-kubectl-proxy&#xFF08;13x-&#x4EE5;&#x524D;&#x7248;&#x672C;&#xFF09;">&#x4E0D;&#x4F7F;&#x7528; kubectl proxy&#xFF08;1.3.x &#x4EE5;&#x524D;&#x7248;&#x672C;&#xFF09;</h3>
<p>&#x901A;&#x8FC7;&#x5C06;&#x8BA4;&#x8BC1; token &#x76F4;&#x63A5;&#x4F20;&#x9012;&#x7ED9; apiserver &#x7684;&#x65B9;&#x5F0F;&#xFF0C;&#x53EF;&#x4EE5;&#x907F;&#x514D;&#x4F7F;&#x7528; kubectl proxy&#xFF0C;&#x5982;&#x4E0B;&#x6240;&#x793A;&#xFF1A;</p>
<pre class="language-"><code class="lang-bash">$ <span class="token assign-left variable">APISERVER</span><span class="token operator">=</span><span class="token variable"><span class="token variable">$(</span>kubectl config view <span class="token operator">|</span> <span class="token function">grep</span> server <span class="token operator">|</span> <span class="token function">cut</span> -f <span class="token number">2</span>- -d <span class="token string">&quot;:&quot;</span> <span class="token operator">|</span> <span class="token function">tr</span> -d <span class="token string">&quot; &quot;</span><span class="token variable">)</span></span>
$ <span class="token assign-left variable">TOKEN</span><span class="token operator">=</span><span class="token variable"><span class="token variable">$(</span>kubectl config view <span class="token operator">|</span> <span class="token function">grep</span> token <span class="token operator">|</span> <span class="token function">cut</span> -f <span class="token number">2</span> -d <span class="token string">&quot;:&quot;</span> <span class="token operator">|</span> <span class="token function">tr</span> -d <span class="token string">&quot; &quot;</span><span class="token variable">)</span></span>
$ <span class="token function">curl</span> <span class="token variable">$APISERVER</span>/api --header <span class="token string">&quot;Authorization: Bearer <span class="token variable">$TOKEN</span>&quot;</span> --insecure
<span class="token punctuation">{</span>
<span class="token string">&quot;versions&quot;</span><span class="token builtin class-name">:</span> <span class="token punctuation">[</span>
<span class="token string">&quot;v1&quot;</span>
<span class="token punctuation">]</span>
<span class="token punctuation">}</span>
</code></pre>
<h3 id="&#x4E0D;&#x4F7F;&#x7528;-kubectl-proxy&#xFF08;13x-&#x4EE5;&#x540E;&#x7248;&#x672C;&#xFF09;">&#x4E0D;&#x4F7F;&#x7528; kubectl proxy&#xFF08;1.3.x &#x4EE5;&#x540E;&#x7248;&#x672C;&#xFF09;</h3>
<p>&#x5728; Kubernetes 1.3 &#x6216;&#x66F4;&#x9AD8;&#x7248;&#x672C;&#x4E2D;&#xFF0C;<code>kubectl config view</code> &#x4E0D;&#x518D;&#x663E;&#x793A; token&#x3002; &#x4F7F;&#x7528; <code>kubectl describe secret &#x2026;</code> &#x83B7;&#x53D6; default service account &#x7684; token&#xFF0C;&#x5982;&#x4E0B;&#x6240;&#x793A;&#xFF1A;</p>
<pre class="language-"><code class="lang-bash">$ <span class="token assign-left variable">APISERVER</span><span class="token operator">=</span><span class="token variable"><span class="token variable">$(</span>kubectl config view <span class="token operator">|</span> <span class="token function">grep</span> server <span class="token operator">|</span> <span class="token function">cut</span> -f <span class="token number">2</span>- -d <span class="token string">&quot;:&quot;</span> <span class="token operator">|</span> <span class="token function">tr</span> -d <span class="token string">&quot; &quot;</span><span class="token variable">)</span></span>
$ <span class="token assign-left variable">TOKEN</span><span class="token operator">=</span><span class="token variable"><span class="token variable">$(</span>kubectl describe secret <span class="token punctuation">$(</span>kubectl get secrets <span class="token operator">|</span> <span class="token function">grep</span> default <span class="token operator">|</span> <span class="token function">cut</span> -f1 -d <span class="token string">&apos; &apos;</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span> <span class="token operator">|</span> <span class="token function">grep</span> -E <span class="token string">&apos;^token&apos;</span> <span class="token operator">|</span> <span class="token function">cut</span> -f2 -d<span class="token string">&apos;:&apos;</span> <span class="token operator">|</span> <span class="token function">tr</span> -d <span class="token string">&apos;<span class="token entity" title="\t">\t</span>&apos;</span><span class="token variable">)</span></span>
$ <span class="token function">curl</span> <span class="token variable">$APISERVER</span>/api --header <span class="token string">&quot;Authorization: Bearer <span class="token variable">$TOKEN</span>&quot;</span> --insecure
<span class="token punctuation">{</span>
<span class="token string">&quot;kind&quot;</span><span class="token builtin class-name">:</span> <span class="token string">&quot;APIVersions&quot;</span>,
<span class="token string">&quot;versions&quot;</span><span class="token builtin class-name">:</span> <span class="token punctuation">[</span>
<span class="token string">&quot;v1&quot;</span>
<span class="token punctuation">]</span>,
<span class="token string">&quot;serverAddressByClientCIDRs&quot;</span><span class="token builtin class-name">:</span> <span class="token punctuation">[</span>
<span class="token punctuation">{</span>
<span class="token string">&quot;clientCIDR&quot;</span><span class="token builtin class-name">:</span> <span class="token string">&quot;0.0.0.0/0&quot;</span>,
<span class="token string">&quot;serverAddress&quot;</span><span class="token builtin class-name">:</span> <span class="token string">&quot;10.0.1.149:443&quot;</span>
<span class="token punctuation">}</span>
<span class="token punctuation">]</span>
<span class="token punctuation">}</span>
</code></pre>
<p>&#x4EE5;&#x4E0A;&#x793A;&#x4F8B;&#x4F7F;&#x7528;<code>--insecure</code> &#x6807;&#x5FD7;&#x3002; &#x8FD9;&#x4F7F;&#x5F97;&#x5B83;&#x5BB9;&#x6613;&#x53D7;&#x5230; MITM &#x653B;&#x51FB;&#x3002; &#x5F53; kubectl &#x8BBF;&#x95EE;&#x96C6;&#x7FA4;&#x65F6;&#xFF0C;&#x5B83;&#x4F7F;&#x7528;&#x5B58;&#x50A8;&#x7684;&#x6839;&#x8BC1;&#x4E66;&#x548C;&#x5BA2;&#x6237;&#x7AEF;&#x8BC1;&#x4E66;&#x6765;&#x8BBF;&#x95EE;&#x670D;&#x52A1;&#x5668;&#x3002; &#xFF08;&#x8FD9;&#x4E9B;&#x5B89;&#x88C5;&#x5728;<code>~/.kube</code>&#x76EE;&#x5F55;&#x4E2D;&#xFF09;&#x3002; &#x7531;&#x4E8E;&#x96C6;&#x7FA4;&#x8BC1;&#x4E66;&#x901A;&#x5E38;&#x662F;&#x81EA;&#x7B7E;&#x540D;&#x7684;&#xFF0C;&#x56E0;&#x6B64;&#x53EF;&#x80FD;&#x9700;&#x8981;&#x7279;&#x6B8A;&#x914D;&#x7F6E;&#x624D;&#x80FD;&#x8BA9;&#x60A8;&#x7684; http &#x5BA2;&#x6237;&#x7AEF;&#x4F7F;&#x7528;&#x6839;&#x8BC1;&#x4E66;&#x3002;</p>
<p>&#x5BF9;&#x4E8E;&#x67D0;&#x4E9B;&#x7FA4;&#x96C6;&#xFF0C;apiserver &#x53EF;&#x80FD;&#x4E0D;&#x9700;&#x8981;&#x8EAB;&#x4EFD;&#x9A8C;&#x8BC1;&#xFF1B;&#x53EF;&#x4EE5;&#x9009;&#x62E9;&#x5728;&#x672C;&#x5730;&#x4E3B;&#x673A;&#x4E0A;&#x670D;&#x52A1;&#xFF0C;&#x6216;&#x8005;&#x4F7F;&#x7528;&#x9632;&#x706B;&#x5899;&#x4FDD;&#x62A4;&#x3002; &#x5BF9;&#x6B64;&#x8FD8;&#x6CA1;&#x6709;&#x4E00;&#x4E2A;&#x6807;&#x51C6;&#x3002;<a href="https://kubernetes.io/docs/admin/accessing-the-api" target="_blank">&#x914D;&#x7F6E;&#x5BF9;API&#x7684;&#x8BBF;&#x95EE;</a> &#x63CF;&#x8FF0;&#x4E86;&#x7FA4;&#x96C6;&#x7BA1;&#x7406;&#x5458;&#x5982;&#x4F55;&#x914D;&#x7F6E;&#x6B64;&#x64CD;&#x4F5C;&#x3002; &#x8FD9;&#x79CD;&#x65B9;&#x6CD5;&#x53EF;&#x80FD;&#x4E0E;&#x672A;&#x6765;&#x7684;&#x9AD8;&#x53EF;&#x7528;&#x6027;&#x652F;&#x6301;&#x76F8;&#x51B2;&#x7A81;&#x3002;</p>
<h2 id="&#x7F16;&#x7A0B;&#x8BBF;&#x95EE;-api">&#x7F16;&#x7A0B;&#x8BBF;&#x95EE; API</h2>
<p>Kubernetes &#x652F;&#x6301; <a href="https://kubernetes.io/docs/tasks/access-application-cluster/access-cluster.md#go-client" target="_blank">Go</a> &#x548C; <a href="https://kubernetes.io/docs/tasks/access-application-cluster/access-cluster.md#python-client" target="_blank">Python</a> &#x5BA2;&#x6237;&#x7AEF;&#x5E93;&#x3002;</p>
<h3 id="go-&#x5BA2;&#x6237;&#x7AEF;">Go &#x5BA2;&#x6237;&#x7AEF;</h3>
<ul>
<li>&#x8981;&#x83B7;&#x53D6;&#x8BE5;&#x5E93;&#xFF0C;&#x8BF7;&#x8FD0;&#x884C;&#x4EE5;&#x4E0B;&#x547D;&#x4EE4;&#xFF1A;<code>go get k8s.io/client-go/<span class="token tag"><span class="token tag"><span class="token punctuation">&lt;</span>version</span> <span class="token attr-name">number</span><span class="token punctuation">&gt;</span></span>/kubernetes</code> &#x8BF7;&#x53C2;&#x9605; <a href="https://github.com/kubernetes/client-go" target="_blank">https://github.com/kubernetes/client-go</a> &#x4EE5;&#x67E5;&#x770B;&#x652F;&#x6301;&#x54EA;&#x4E9B;&#x7248;&#x672C;&#x3002;</li>
<li>&#x4F7F;&#x7528; client-go &#x5BA2;&#x6237;&#x7AEF;&#x7F16;&#x7A0B;&#x3002;&#x8BF7;&#x6CE8;&#x610F;&#xFF0C;client-go &#x5B9A;&#x4E49;&#x4E86;&#x81EA;&#x5DF1;&#x7684; API &#x5BF9;&#x8C61;&#xFF0C;&#x56E0;&#x6B64;&#x5982;&#x679C;&#x9700;&#x8981;&#xFF0C;&#x8BF7;&#x4ECE; client-go &#x800C;&#x4E0D;&#x662F;&#x4ECE;&#x4E3B;&#x5B58;&#x50A8;&#x5E93;&#x5BFC;&#x5165; API &#x5B9A;&#x4E49;&#xFF0C;&#x4F8B;&#x5982;&#x5BFC;&#x5165; <code>k8s.io/client-go/1.4/pkg/api/v1</code> &#x662F;&#x6B63;&#x786E;&#x7684;&#x3002;</li>
</ul>
<p>Go &#x5BA2;&#x6237;&#x7AEF;&#x53EF;&#x4EE5;&#x4F7F;&#x7528;&#x4E0E; kubectl &#x547D;&#x4EE4;&#x884C;&#x5DE5;&#x5177;&#x76F8;&#x540C;&#x7684; <a href="https://kubernetes.io/docs/concepts/cluster-administration/authenticate-across-clusters-kubeconfig" target="_blank">kubeconfig &#x6587;&#x4EF6;</a> &#x6765;&#x5B9A;&#x4F4D;&#x548C;&#x9A8C;&#x8BC1; apiserver&#x3002;&#x53C2;&#x8003;&#x5B98;&#x65B9; <a href="https://git.k8s.io/client-go/examples/out-of-cluster-client-configuration/main.go" target="_blank">&#x793A;&#x4F8B;</a> &#x548C; <a href="../develop/client-go-sample.html">client-go &#x793A;&#x4F8B;</a>&#x3002;</p>
<p>&#x5982;&#x679C;&#x5E94;&#x7528;&#x7A0B;&#x5E8F;&#x5728;&#x7FA4;&#x96C6;&#x4E2D;&#x4EE5; Pod &#x7684;&#x5F62;&#x5F0F;&#x90E8;&#x7F72;&#xFF0C;&#x8BF7;&#x53C2;&#x8003; <a href="https://kubernetes.io/docs/tasks/access-application-cluster/access-cluster.md#accessing-the-api-from-a-pod" target="_blank">&#x4E0B;&#x4E00;&#x8282;</a>&#x3002;</p>
<h3 id="python-&#x5BA2;&#x6237;&#x7AEF;">Python &#x5BA2;&#x6237;&#x7AEF;</h3>
<p>&#x8981;&#x4F7F;&#x7528; <a href="https://github.com/kubernetes-incubator/client-python" target="_blank">Python client</a>&#xFF0C;&#x8BF7;&#x8FD0;&#x884C;&#x4EE5;&#x4E0B;&#x547D;&#x4EE4;&#xFF1A;<code>pip install kubernetes</code>&#x3002;&#x67E5;&#x770B; <a href="https://github.com/kubernetes-incubator/client-python" target="_blank">Python &#x5BA2;&#x6237;&#x7AEF;&#x5E93;&#x9875;&#x9762;</a> &#x83B7;&#x53D6;&#x66F4;&#x591A;&#x7684;&#x5B89;&#x88C5;&#x9009;&#x62E9;&#x3002;</p>
<p>Python &#x5BA2;&#x6237;&#x7AEF;&#x53EF;&#x4EE5;&#x4F7F;&#x7528;&#x4E0E; kubectl &#x547D;&#x4EE4;&#x884C;&#x5DE5;&#x5177;&#x76F8;&#x540C;&#x7684; <a href="https://kubernetes.io/docs/concepts/cluster-administration/authenticate-across-clusters-kubeconfig" target="_blank">kubeconfig &#x6587;&#x4EF6;</a> &#x6765;&#x5B9A;&#x4F4D;&#x548C;&#x9A8C;&#x8BC1; apiserver&#x3002;</p>
<h3 id="&#x5176;&#x4ED6;&#x8BED;&#x8A00;">&#x5176;&#x4ED6;&#x8BED;&#x8A00;</h3>
<p>&#x8FD8;&#x6709;&#x66F4;&#x591A;&#x7684;&#x5BA2;&#x6237;&#x7AEF;&#x5E93;&#x53EF;&#x4EE5;&#x7528;&#x6765;&#x8BBF;&#x95EE; API&#x3002;&#x6709;&#x5173;&#x5176;&#x4ED6;&#x5E93;&#x7684;&#x9A8C;&#x8BC1;&#x65B9;&#x5F0F;&#xFF0C;&#x8BF7;&#x53C2;&#x9605;&#x6587;&#x6863;&#x3002;</p>
<h2 id="&#x5728;-pod-&#x4E2D;&#x8BBF;&#x95EE;-api">&#x5728; Pod &#x4E2D;&#x8BBF;&#x95EE; API</h2>
<p>&#x5728; Pod &#x4E2D;&#x8BBF;&#x95EE; API &#x65F6;&#xFF0C;&#x5B9A;&#x4F4D;&#x548C;&#x8BA4;&#x8BC1;&#x5230; API server &#x7684;&#x65B9;&#x5F0F;&#x6709;&#x6240;&#x4E0D;&#x540C;&#x3002;&#x5728; Pod &#x4E2D;&#x627E;&#x5230; apiserver &#x5730;&#x5740;&#x7684;&#x63A8;&#x8350;&#x65B9;&#x6CD5;&#x662F;&#x4F7F;&#x7528;kubernetes DNS &#x540D;&#x79F0;&#xFF0C;&#x5C06;&#x5B83;&#x89E3;&#x6790;&#x4E3A;&#x670D;&#x52A1; IP&#xFF0C;&#x540E;&#x8005;&#x53C8;&#x5C06;&#x88AB;&#x8DEF;&#x7531;&#x5230; apiserver&#x3002;</p>
<p>&#x5411; apiserver &#x8BA4;&#x8BC1;&#x7684;&#x63A8;&#x8350;&#x65B9;&#x6CD5;&#x662F;&#x4F7F;&#x7528; <a href="https://kubernetes.io/docs/user-guide/service-accounts" target="_blank">service account</a> &#x51ED;&#x636E;&#x3002;&#x901A;&#x8FC7; kube-system&#xFF0C;pod &#x4E0E; service account &#x76F8;&#x5173;&#x8054;&#xFF0C;&#x5E76;&#x4E14;&#x5C06;&#x8BE5; service account &#x7684;&#x51ED;&#x636E;&#xFF08;token&#xFF09;&#x653E;&#x5165;&#x8BE5; pod &#x4E2D;&#x6BCF;&#x4E2A;&#x5BB9;&#x5668;&#x7684;&#x6587;&#x4EF6;&#x7CFB;&#x7EDF;&#x6811;&#x4E2D;&#xFF0C;&#x4F4D;&#x4E8E; <code>/var/run/secrets/kubernetes.io/serviceaccount/token</code>&#x3002;</p>
<p>&#x5982;&#x679C;&#x53EF;&#x7528;&#xFF0C;&#x8BC1;&#x4E66;&#x5305;&#x5C06;&#x4F4D;&#x4E8E;&#x6BCF;&#x4E2A;&#x5BB9;&#x5668;&#x7684;&#x6587;&#x4EF6;&#x7CFB;&#x7EDF;&#x6811;&#x7684; <code>/var/run/secrets/kubernetes.io/serviceaccount/ca.crt</code> &#x4F4D;&#x7F6E;&#xFF0C;&#x5E76;&#x7528;&#x4E8E;&#x9A8C;&#x8BC1; apiserver &#x7684;&#x670D;&#x52A1;&#x8BC1;&#x4E66;&#x3002;</p>
<p>&#x6700;&#x540E;&#xFF0C;&#x7528;&#x4E8E; namespace API &#x64CD;&#x4F5C;&#x7684;&#x9ED8;&#x8BA4; namespace &#x653E;&#x5728;&#x6BCF;&#x4E2A;&#x5BB9;&#x5668;&#x4E2D;&#x7684; <code>/var/run/secrets/kubernetes.io/serviceaccount/namespace</code> &#x4E2D;&#x3002;</p>
<p>&#x5728; pod &#x4E2D;&#xFF0C;&#x8FDE;&#x63A5;&#x5230; API &#x7684;&#x63A8;&#x8350;&#x65B9;&#x6CD5;&#x662F;&#xFF1A;</p>
<ul>
<li><p>&#x5C06; kubectl proxy &#x4F5C;&#x4E3A; pod &#x4E2D;&#x7684;&#x4E00;&#x4E2A;&#x5BB9;&#x5668;&#x6765;&#x8FD0;&#x884C;&#xFF0C;&#x6216;&#x4F5C;&#x4E3A;&#x5728;&#x5BB9;&#x5668;&#x5185;&#x8FD0;&#x884C;&#x7684;&#x540E;&#x53F0;&#x8FDB;&#x7A0B;&#x3002;&#x5B83;&#x5C06; Kubernetes API &#x4EE3;&#x7406;&#x5230; pod &#x7684;&#x672C;&#x5730;&#x4E3B;&#x673A;&#x63A5;&#x53E3;&#xFF0C;&#x4EE5;&#x4FBF;&#x5176;&#x4ED6;&#x4EFB;&#x4F55; pod &#x4E2D;&#x7684;&#x5BB9;&#x5668;&#x5185;&#x7684;&#x8FDB;&#x7A0B;&#x90FD;&#x53EF;&#x4EE5;&#x8BBF;&#x95EE;&#x5B83;&#x3002;</p>
</li>
<li><p>&#x4F7F;&#x7528; Go &#x5BA2;&#x6237;&#x7AEF;&#x5E93;&#xFF0C;&#x5E76;&#x4F7F;&#x7528; <code>rest.InClusterConfig()</code> &#x548C; <code>kubernetes.NewForConfig()</code> &#x51FD;&#x6570;&#x521B;&#x5EFA;&#x4E00;&#x4E2A;&#x5BA2;&#x6237;&#x7AEF;&#x3002;</p>
<p>&#x4ED6;&#x4EEC;&#x5904;&#x7406;&#x5BF9; apiserver &#x7684;&#x5B9A;&#x4F4D;&#x548C;&#x8BA4;&#x8BC1;&#x3002;<a href="https://git.k8s.io/client-go/examples/in-cluster-client-configuration/main.go" target="_blank">&#x793A;&#x4F8B;</a></p>
</li>
</ul>
<p>&#x5728;&#x4EE5;&#x4E0A;&#x7684;&#x51E0;&#x79CD;&#x60C5;&#x51B5;&#x4E0B;&#xFF0C;&#x90FD;&#x9700;&#x8981;&#x4F7F;&#x7528; pod &#x7684;&#x51ED;&#x636E;&#x4E0E; apiserver &#x8FDB;&#x884C;&#x5B89;&#x5168;&#x901A;&#x4FE1;&#x3002;</p>
<h2 id="&#x8BBF;&#x95EE;&#x96C6;&#x7FA4;&#x4E2D;&#x8FD0;&#x884C;&#x7684;-service">&#x8BBF;&#x95EE;&#x96C6;&#x7FA4;&#x4E2D;&#x8FD0;&#x884C;&#x7684; service</h2>
<p>&#x4E0A;&#x4E00;&#x8282;&#x662F;&#x5173;&#x4E8E;&#x8FDE;&#x63A5;&#x5230; kubernetes API server&#x3002;&#x8FD9;&#x4E00;&#x8282;&#x662F;&#x5173;&#x4E8E;&#x8FDE;&#x63A5;&#x5230; kubernetes &#x96C6;&#x7FA4;&#x4E2D;&#x8FD0;&#x884C;&#x7684; service&#x3002;&#x5728; Kubernetes &#x4E2D;&#xFF0C;<a href="https://kubernetes.io/docs/admin/node" target="_blank">node</a>&#x3001; <a href="https://kubernetes.io/docs/user-guide/pods" target="_blank">pod</a> &#x548C; <a href="https://kubernetes.io/docs/user-guide/services" target="_blank">services</a> &#x90FD;&#x6709;&#x5B83;&#x4EEC;&#x81EA;&#x5DF1;&#x7684; IP&#x3002;&#x5F88;&#x591A;&#x60C5;&#x51B5;&#x4E0B;&#xFF0C;&#x96C6;&#x7FA4;&#x4E2D; node &#x7684; IP&#x3001;Pod &#x7684; IP&#x3001;service &#x7684; IP &#x90FD;&#x662F;&#x4E0D;&#x53EF;&#x8DEF;&#x7531;&#x7684;&#xFF0C;&#x56E0;&#x6B64;&#x5728;&#x96C6;&#x7FA4;&#x5916;&#x9762;&#x7684;&#x673A;&#x5668;&#x5C31;&#x65E0;&#x6CD5;&#x8BBF;&#x95EE;&#x5230;&#x5B83;&#x4EEC;&#xFF0C;&#x4F8B;&#x5982;&#x4ECE;&#x60A8;&#x81EA;&#x5DF1;&#x7684;&#x7B14;&#x8BB0;&#x672C;&#x7535;&#x8111;&#x3002;</p>
<h3 id="&#x8FDE;&#x63A5;&#x7684;&#x65B9;&#x5F0F;">&#x8FDE;&#x63A5;&#x7684;&#x65B9;&#x5F0F;</h3>
<p>&#x60A8;&#x53EF;&#x4EE5;&#x9009;&#x62E9;&#x4EE5;&#x4E0B;&#x51E0;&#x79CD;&#x65B9;&#x5F0F;&#x4ECE;&#x96C6;&#x7FA4;&#x5916;&#x90E8;&#x8FDE;&#x63A5;&#x5230; node&#x3001;pod &#x548C; service&#xFF1A;</p>
<ul>
<li>&#x901A;&#x8FC7; public IP &#x8BBF;&#x95EE; service&#x3002;<ul>
<li>&#x4F7F;&#x7528; <code>NodePort</code> &#x548C; <code>LoadBalancer</code> &#x7C7B;&#x578B;&#x7684; service&#xFF0C;&#x4EE5;&#x4F7F; service &#x80FD;&#x591F;&#x5728;&#x96C6;&#x7FA4;&#x5916;&#x90E8;&#x88AB;&#x8BBF;&#x95EE;&#x5230;&#x3002;</li>
<li>&#x6839;&#x636E;&#x60A8;&#x7684;&#x7FA4;&#x96C6;&#x73AF;&#x5883;&#xFF0C;&#x8FD9;&#x53EF;&#x80FD;&#x4F1A;&#x5C06;&#x670D;&#x52A1;&#x66B4;&#x9732;&#x7ED9;&#x60A8;&#x7684;&#x516C;&#x53F8;&#x7F51;&#x7EDC;&#xFF0C;&#x6216;&#x8005;&#x53EF;&#x80FD;&#x4F1A;&#x5C06;&#x5176;&#x66B4;&#x9732;&#x5728;&#x4E92;&#x8054;&#x7F51;&#x4E0A;&#x3002;&#x60F3;&#x60F3;&#x66B4;&#x9732;&#x7684;&#x670D;&#x52A1;&#x662F;&#x5426;&#x5B89;&#x5168;&#x3002;&#x5B83;&#x662F;&#x5426;&#x81EA;&#x5DF1;&#x8FDB;&#x884C;&#x8EAB;&#x4EFD;&#x9A8C;&#x8BC1;&#xFF1F;</li>
<li>&#x5C06; pod &#x653E;&#x5728;&#x670D;&#x52A1;&#x540E;&#x9762;&#x3002; &#x8981;&#x4ECE;&#x4E00;&#x7EC4;&#x526F;&#x672C;&#xFF08;&#x4F8B;&#x5982;&#x4E3A;&#x4E86;&#x8C03;&#x8BD5;&#xFF09;&#x8BBF;&#x95EE;&#x4E00;&#x4E2A;&#x7279;&#x5B9A;&#x7684; pod&#xFF0C;&#x8BF7;&#x5728; pod &#x4E0A;&#x653E;&#x7F6E;&#x4E00;&#x4E2A;&#x552F;&#x4E00;&#x7684; label&#xFF0C;&#x5E76;&#x521B;&#x5EFA;&#x4E00;&#x4E2A;&#x9009;&#x62E9;&#x8BE5; label &#x7684;&#x65B0;&#x670D;&#x52A1;&#x3002;</li>
<li>&#x5728;&#x5927;&#x591A;&#x6570;&#x60C5;&#x51B5;&#x4E0B;&#xFF0C;&#x5E94;&#x7528;&#x7A0B;&#x5E8F;&#x5F00;&#x53D1;&#x4EBA;&#x5458;&#x4E0D;&#x9700;&#x8981;&#x901A;&#x8FC7; node IP &#x76F4;&#x63A5;&#x8BBF;&#x95EE;&#x8282;&#x70B9;&#x3002;</li>
</ul>
</li>
<li>&#x901A;&#x8FC7; Proxy &#x89C4;&#x5219;&#x8BBF;&#x95EE; service&#x3001;node&#x3001;pod&#x3002;<ul>
<li>&#x5728;&#x8BBF;&#x95EE;&#x8FDC;&#x7A0B;&#x670D;&#x52A1;&#x4E4B;&#x524D;&#xFF0C;&#x8BF7;&#x6267;&#x884C; apiserver &#x8BA4;&#x8BC1;&#x548C;&#x6388;&#x6743;&#x3002; &#x5982;&#x679C;&#x670D;&#x52A1;&#x4E0D;&#x591F;&#x5B89;&#x5168;&#xFF0C;&#x65E0;&#x6CD5;&#x66B4;&#x9732;&#x7ED9;&#x4E92;&#x8054;&#x7F51;&#xFF0C;&#x6216;&#x8005;&#x4E3A;&#x4E86;&#x8BBF;&#x95EE;&#x8282;&#x70B9; IP &#x4E0A;&#x7684;&#x7AEF;&#x53E3;&#x6216;&#x8FDB;&#x884C;&#x8C03;&#x8BD5;&#xFF0C;&#x8BF7;&#x4F7F;&#x7528;&#x8FD9;&#x79CD;&#x65B9;&#x5F0F;&#x3002;</li>
<li>&#x4EE3;&#x7406;&#x53EF;&#x80FD;&#x4F1A;&#x5BFC;&#x81F4;&#x67D0;&#x4E9B; Web &#x5E94;&#x7528;&#x7A0B;&#x5E8F;&#x51FA;&#x73B0;&#x95EE;&#x9898;&#x3002;</li>
<li>&#x4EC5;&#x9002;&#x7528;&#x4E8E; HTTP/HTTPS&#x3002;</li>
<li><a href="https://kubernetes.io/docs/tasks/access-application-cluster/access-cluster.md#manually-constructing-apiserver-proxy-urls" target="_blank">&#x89C1;&#x6B64;&#x63CF;&#x8FF0;</a>&#x3002;</li>
</ul>
</li>
<li>&#x5728;&#x96C6;&#x7FA4;&#x5185;&#x8BBF;&#x95EE; node &#x548C; pod&#x3002;<ul>
<li>&#x8FD0;&#x884C;&#x4E00;&#x4E2A; pod&#xFF0C;&#x7136;&#x540E;&#x4F7F;&#x7528; kubectl exec &#x547D;&#x4EE4;&#x8FDE;&#x63A5;&#x5230; shell&#x3002;&#x4ECE;&#x8BE5; shell &#x4E2D;&#x8FDE;&#x63A5;&#x5230;&#x5176;&#x4ED6; node&#x3001;pod &#x548C; service&#x3002;</li>
<li>&#x6709;&#x4E9B;&#x96C6;&#x7FA4;&#x53EF;&#x80FD;&#x5141;&#x8BB8; ssh &#x5230;&#x96C6;&#x7FA4;&#x4E0A;&#x7684;&#x67D0;&#x4E2A;&#x8282;&#x70B9;&#x3002; &#x4ECE;&#x90A3;&#x4E2A;&#x8282;&#x70B9;&#x60A8;&#x53EF;&#x4EE5;&#x8BBF;&#x95EE;&#x5230;&#x96C6;&#x7FA4;&#x4E2D;&#x7684;&#x670D;&#x52A1;&#x3002;&#x8FD9;&#x662F;&#x4E00;&#x4E2A;&#x975E;&#x6807;&#x51C6;&#x7684;&#x65B9;&#x6CD5;&#xFF0C;&#x5B83;&#x53EF;&#x80FD;&#x5C06;&#x5728;&#x67D0;&#x4E9B;&#x96C6;&#x7FA4;&#x4E0A;&#x594F;&#x6548;&#xFF0C;&#x800C;&#x5728;&#x67D0;&#x4E9B;&#x96C6;&#x7FA4;&#x4E0D;&#x884C;&#x3002;&#x8FD9;&#x4E9B;&#x8282;&#x70B9;&#x4E0A;&#x53EF;&#x80FD;&#x5B89;&#x88C5;&#x4E86;&#x6D4F;&#x89C8;&#x5668;&#x548C;&#x5176;&#x4ED6;&#x5DE5;&#x5177;&#x4E5F;&#x53EF;&#x80FD;&#x6CA1;&#x6709;&#x3002;&#x7FA4;&#x96C6; DNS &#x53EF;&#x80FD;&#x65E0;&#x6CD5;&#x6B63;&#x5E38;&#x5DE5;&#x4F5C;&#x3002;</li>
</ul>
</li>
</ul>
<h3 id="&#x8BBF;&#x95EE;&#x5185;&#x7F6E;&#x670D;&#x52A1;">&#x8BBF;&#x95EE;&#x5185;&#x7F6E;&#x670D;&#x52A1;</h3>
<p>&#x901A;&#x5E38;&#x96C6;&#x7FA4;&#x5185;&#x4F1A;&#x6709;&#x51E0;&#x4E2A;&#x5728; kube-system &#x4E2D;&#x542F;&#x52A8;&#x7684;&#x670D;&#x52A1;&#x3002;&#x4F7F;&#x7528; <code>kubectl cluster-info</code> &#x547D;&#x4EE4;&#x83B7;&#x53D6;&#x8BE5;&#x5217;&#x8868;&#xFF1A;</p>
<pre class="language-"><code class="lang-bash">$ kubectl cluster-info
Kubernetes master is running at https://104.197.5.247
elasticsearch-logging is running at https://104.197.5.247/api/v1/namespaces/kube-system/services/elasticsearch-logging/proxy
kibana-logging is running at https://104.197.5.247/api/v1/namespaces/kube-system/services/kibana-logging/proxy
kube-dns is running at https://104.197.5.247/api/v1/namespaces/kube-system/services/kube-dns/proxy
grafana is running at https://104.197.5.247/api/v1/namespaces/kube-system/services/monitoring-grafana/proxy
heapster is running at https://104.197.5.247/api/v1/namespaces/kube-system/services/monitoring-heapster/proxy
</code></pre>
<p>&#x8FD9;&#x663E;&#x793A;&#x4E86;&#x8BBF;&#x95EE;&#x6BCF;&#x4E2A;&#x670D;&#x52A1;&#x7684;&#x4EE3;&#x7406; URL&#x3002;</p>
<p>&#x4F8B;&#x5982;&#xFF0C;&#x6B64;&#x96C6;&#x7FA4;&#x542F;&#x7528;&#x4E86;&#x96C6;&#x7FA4;&#x7EA7;&#x65E5;&#x5FD7;&#x8BB0;&#x5F55;&#xFF08;&#x4F7F;&#x7528;Elasticsearch&#xFF09;&#xFF0C;&#x5982;&#x679C;&#x4F20;&#x5165;&#x5408;&#x9002;&#x7684;&#x51ED;&#x636E;&#xFF0C;&#x53EF;&#x4EE5;&#x5728;&#x8BE5;&#x5730;&#x5740; <code>https://104.197.5.247/api/v1/namespaces/kube-system/services/elasticsearch-logging/proxy/</code> &#x8BBF;&#x95EE;&#x5230;&#xFF0C;&#x6216;&#x901A;&#x8FC7; kubectl &#x4EE3;&#x7406;&#xFF0C;&#x4F8B;&#x5982;&#xFF1A;<code>http://localhost:8080/api/v1/namespaces/kube-system/services/elasticsearch-logging/proxy/</code>&#x3002;</p>
<p>&#xFF08;&#x6709;&#x5173;&#x5982;&#x4F55;&#x4F20;&#x9012;&#x51ED;&#x636E;&#x548C;&#x4F7F;&#x7528; kubectl &#x4EE3;&#x7406;&#xFF0C;&#x8BF7; <a href="https://kubernetes.io/docs/tasks/access-application-cluster/access-cluster.md#accessing-the-cluster-api" target="_blank">&#x53C2;&#x9605;&#x4E0A;&#x6587;</a>&#xFF09;</p>
<h4 id="&#x624B;&#x52A8;&#x6784;&#x5EFA;-apiserver-&#x4EE3;&#x7406;-url">&#x624B;&#x52A8;&#x6784;&#x5EFA; apiserver &#x4EE3;&#x7406; URL</h4>
<p>&#x5982;&#x4E0A;&#x6240;&#x8FF0;&#xFF0C;&#x60A8;&#x53EF;&#x4EE5;&#x4F7F;&#x7528; <code>kubectl cluster-info</code> &#x547D;&#x4EE4;&#x6765;&#x68C0;&#x7D22;&#x670D;&#x52A1;&#x7684;&#x4EE3;&#x7406; URL&#x3002;&#x8981;&#x521B;&#x5EFA;&#x5305;&#x542B;&#x670D;&#x52A1;&#x7AEF;&#x70B9;&#x3001;&#x540E;&#x7F00;&#x548C;&#x53C2;&#x6570;&#x7684;&#x4EE3;&#x7406; URL&#xFF0C;&#x60A8;&#x53EA;&#x9700;&#x9644;&#x52A0;&#x5230;&#x670D;&#x52A1;&#x7684;&#x4EE3;&#x7406;URL&#xFF1A;</p>
<p><code>http://</code><em>kubernetes_master_address</em><code>/api/v1/namespaces/</code><em>namespace_name</em><code>/services/</code><em>service_name[:port_name]</em><code>/proxy</code></p>
<p>&#x5982;&#x679C;&#x60A8;&#x6CA1;&#x6709;&#x6307;&#x5B9A; port &#x7684;&#x540D;&#x5B57;&#xFF0C;&#x90A3;&#x4E48;&#x60A8;&#x4E0D;&#x5FC5;&#x5728; URL &#x91CC;&#x6307;&#x5B9A; port_name&#x3002;</p>
<h4 id="&#x793A;&#x4F8B;">&#x793A;&#x4F8B;</h4>
<ul>
<li>&#x8981;&#x60F3;&#x8BBF;&#x95EE; Elasticsearch &#x7684;&#x670D;&#x52A1;&#x7AEF;&#x70B9; <code>_search?q=user:kimchy</code>&#xFF0C;&#x60A8;&#x9700;&#x8981;&#x4F7F;&#x7528;&#xFF1A;<code>http://104.197.5.247/api/v1/namespaces/kube-system/services/elasticsearch-logging/proxy/_search?q=user:kimchy</code></li>
<li>&#x8981;&#x60F3;&#x8BBF;&#x95EE; Elasticsearch &#x7684;&#x96C6;&#x7FA4;&#x5065;&#x5EB7;&#x4FE1;&#x606F; <code>_cluster/health?pretty=true</code>&#xFF0C;&#x60A8;&#x9700;&#x8981;&#x4F7F;&#x7528;&#xFF1A;<code>https://104.197.5.247/api/v1/namespaces/kube-system/services/elasticsearch-logging/proxy/_cluster/health?pretty=true</code></li>
</ul>
<pre class="language-"><code class="lang-json"> <span class="token punctuation">{</span>
<span class="token property">&quot;cluster_name&quot;</span> <span class="token operator">:</span> <span class="token string">&quot;kubernetes_logging&quot;</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span>
<span class="token property">&quot;status&quot;</span> <span class="token operator">:</span> <span class="token string">&quot;yellow&quot;</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span>
<span class="token property">&quot;timed_out&quot;</span> <span class="token operator">:</span> <span class="token boolean">false</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span>
<span class="token property">&quot;number_of_nodes&quot;</span> <span class="token operator">:</span> <span class="token number">1</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span>
<span class="token property">&quot;number_of_data_nodes&quot;</span> <span class="token operator">:</span> <span class="token number">1</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span>
<span class="token property">&quot;active_primary_shards&quot;</span> <span class="token operator">:</span> <span class="token number">5</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span>
<span class="token property">&quot;active_shards&quot;</span> <span class="token operator">:</span> <span class="token number">5</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span>
<span class="token property">&quot;relocating_shards&quot;</span> <span class="token operator">:</span> <span class="token number">0</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span>
<span class="token property">&quot;initializing_shards&quot;</span> <span class="token operator">:</span> <span class="token number">0</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span>
<span class="token property">&quot;unassigned_shards&quot;</span> <span class="token operator">:</span> <span class="token number">5</span>
<span class="token punctuation">}</span>
</code></pre>
<h4 id="&#x4F7F;&#x7528;-web-&#x6D4F;&#x89C8;&#x5668;&#x6765;&#x8BBF;&#x95EE;&#x96C6;&#x7FA4;&#x4E2D;&#x8FD0;&#x884C;&#x7684;&#x670D;&#x52A1;">&#x4F7F;&#x7528; web &#x6D4F;&#x89C8;&#x5668;&#x6765;&#x8BBF;&#x95EE;&#x96C6;&#x7FA4;&#x4E2D;&#x8FD0;&#x884C;&#x7684;&#x670D;&#x52A1;</h4>
<p>&#x60A8;&#x53EF;&#x4EE5;&#x5C06; apiserver &#x4EE3;&#x7406;&#x7F51;&#x5740;&#x653E;&#x5728;&#x6D4F;&#x89C8;&#x5668;&#x7684;&#x5730;&#x5740;&#x680F;&#x4E2D;&#x3002; &#x7136;&#x800C;&#xFF1A;</p>
<ul>
<li>Web &#x6D4F;&#x89C8;&#x5668;&#x901A;&#x5E38;&#x4E0D;&#x80FD;&#x4F20;&#x9012; token&#xFF0C;&#x56E0;&#x6B64;&#x60A8;&#x53EF;&#x80FD;&#x9700;&#x8981;&#x4F7F;&#x7528;&#x57FA;&#x672C;&#xFF08;&#x5BC6;&#x7801;&#xFF09;&#x8BA4;&#x8BC1;&#x3002; Apiserver &#x53EF;&#x4EE5;&#x914D;&#x7F6E;&#x4E3A;&#x63A5;&#x53D7;&#x57FA;&#x672C;&#x8BA4;&#x8BC1;&#xFF0C;&#x4F46;&#x60A8;&#x7684;&#x96C6;&#x7FA4;&#x53EF;&#x80FD;&#x672A;&#x914D;&#x7F6E;&#x4E3A;&#x63A5;&#x53D7;&#x57FA;&#x672C;&#x8BA4;&#x8BC1;&#x3002;</li>
<li>&#x67D0;&#x4E9B;&#x7F51;&#x7EDC;&#x5E94;&#x7528;&#x7A0B;&#x5E8F;&#x53EF;&#x80FD;&#x65E0;&#x6CD5;&#x6B63;&#x5E38;&#x5DE5;&#x4F5C;&#xFF0C;&#x7279;&#x522B;&#x662F;&#x90A3;&#x4E9B;&#x5728;&#x4E0D;&#x77E5;&#x9053;&#x4EE3;&#x7406;&#x8DEF;&#x5F84;&#x524D;&#x7F00;&#x7684;&#x60C5;&#x51B5;&#x4E0B;&#x6784;&#x9020; URL &#x7684;&#x5BA2;&#x6237;&#x7AEF; JavaScript&#x3002;</li>
</ul>
<h2 id="&#x8BF7;&#x6C42;&#x91CD;&#x5B9A;&#x5411;">&#x8BF7;&#x6C42;&#x91CD;&#x5B9A;&#x5411;</h2>
<p>&#x91CD;&#x5B9A;&#x5411;&#x529F;&#x80FD;&#x5DF2;&#x88AB;&#x5F03;&#x7528;&#x548C;&#x5220;&#x9664;&#x3002; &#x8BF7;&#x6539;&#x7528;&#x4EE3;&#x7406;&#xFF08;&#x89C1;&#x4E0B;&#x6587;&#xFF09;&#x3002;</p>
<h2 id="&#x591A;&#x79CD;&#x4EE3;&#x7406;">&#x591A;&#x79CD;&#x4EE3;&#x7406;</h2>
<p>&#x5728;&#x4F7F;&#x7528; kubernetes &#x7684;&#x65F6;&#x5019;&#x60A8;&#x53EF;&#x80FD;&#x4F1A;&#x9047;&#x5230;&#x8BB8;&#x591A;&#x79CD;&#x4E0D;&#x540C;&#x7684;&#x4EE3;&#x7406;&#xFF1A;</p>
<ol>
<li><a href="https://kubernetes.io/docs/tasks/access-application-cluster/access-cluster.md#directly-accessing-the-rest-api" target="_blank">kubectl &#x4EE3;&#x7406;</a>&#xFF1A;<ul>
<li>&#x5728;&#x7528;&#x6237;&#x684C;&#x9762;&#x6216; pod &#x4E2D;&#x8FD0;&#x884C;</li>
<li>&#x4ECE; localhost &#x5730;&#x5740;&#x5230; Kubernetes apiserver &#x7684;&#x4EE3;&#x7406;</li>
<li>&#x5BA2;&#x6237;&#x7AEF;&#x5230;&#x4EE3;&#x7406;&#x4F7F;&#x7528; HTTP</li>
<li>apiserver &#x7684;&#x4EE3;&#x7406;&#x4F7F;&#x7528; HTTPS</li>
<li>&#x5B9A;&#x4F4D; apiserver</li>
<li>&#x6DFB;&#x52A0;&#x8EAB;&#x4EFD;&#x9A8C;&#x8BC1; header</li>
</ul>
</li>
<li><a href="https://kubernetes.io/docs/tasks/access-application-cluster/access-cluster.md#discovering-builtin-services" target="_blank">apiserver &#x4EE3;&#x7406;</a>&#xFF1A;<ul>
<li>&#x5C06;&#x4E00;&#x4E2A;&#x5821;&#x5792;&#x673A;&#x4F5C;&#x4E3A; apiserver</li>
<li>&#x5C06;&#x7FA4;&#x96C6;&#x4E4B;&#x5916;&#x7684;&#x7528;&#x6237;&#x8FDE;&#x63A5;&#x5230;&#x7FA4;&#x96C6;IP&#xFF0C;&#x5426;&#x5219;&#x53EF;&#x80FD;&#x65E0;&#x6CD5;&#x8BBF;&#x95EE;</li>
<li>&#x5728; apiserver &#x8FDB;&#x7A0B;&#x4E2D;&#x8FD0;&#x884C;</li>
<li>&#x5BA2;&#x6237;&#x7AEF;&#x5230;&#x4EE3;&#x7406;&#x4F7F;&#x7528; HTTPS&#xFF08;&#x6216; http&#xFF0C;&#x5982;&#x679C; apiserver &#x5982;&#x6B64;&#x914D;&#x7F6E;&#xFF09;</li>
<li>&#x6839;&#x636E;&#x4EE3;&#x7406;&#x76EE;&#x6807;&#x7684;&#x53EF;&#x7528;&#x4FE1;&#x606F;&#x7531;&#x4EE3;&#x7406;&#x9009;&#x62E9;&#x4F7F;&#x7528; HTTP &#x6216; HTTPS</li>
<li>&#x53EF;&#x7528;&#x4E8E;&#x8BBF;&#x95EE; node&#x3001;pod &#x6216; service</li>
<li>&#x7528;&#x4E8E;&#x8BBF;&#x95EE; service &#x65F6;&#x8FDB;&#x884C;&#x8D1F;&#x8F7D;&#x5747;&#x8861;</li>
</ul>
</li>
<li><a href="https://kubernetes.io/docs/user-guide/services/#ips-and-vips" target="_blank">kube &#x4EE3;&#x7406;</a>&#xFF1A;<ul>
<li>&#x5728;&#x6BCF;&#x4E2A;&#x8282;&#x70B9;&#x4E0A;&#x8FD0;&#x884C;</li>
<li>&#x4EE3;&#x7406; UDP &#x548C; TCP</li>
<li>&#x4E0D;&#x652F;&#x6301; HTTP</li>
<li>&#x63D0;&#x4F9B;&#x8D1F;&#x8F7D;&#x5747;&#x8861;</li>
<li>&#x53EA;&#x662F;&#x7528;&#x6765;&#x8BBF;&#x95EE; service</li>
</ul>
</li>
<li>apiserver &#x524D;&#x9762;&#x7684;&#x4EE3;&#x7406;/&#x8D1F;&#x8F7D;&#x5747;&#x8861;&#x5668;&#xFF1A;<ul>
<li>&#x5B58;&#x5728;&#x548C;&#x5B9E;&#x73B0;&#x56E0;&#x7FA4;&#x96C6;&#x800C;&#x5F02;&#xFF08;&#x4F8B;&#x5982; nginx&#xFF09;</li>
<li>&#x4F4D;&#x4E8E;&#x6240;&#x6709;&#x5BA2;&#x6237;&#x7AEF;&#x548C;&#x4E00;&#x4E2A;&#x6216;&#x591A;&#x4E2A; apiserver &#x4E4B;&#x95F4;</li>
<li>&#x4F5C;&#x4E3A;&#x8D1F;&#x8F7D;&#x5747;&#x8861;&#x5668;&#xFF0C;&#x5982;&#x679C;&#x6709;&#x591A;&#x4E2A; apiserver</li>
</ul>
</li>
<li>&#x5916;&#x90E8;&#x670D;&#x52A1;&#x7684;&#x4E91;&#x8D1F;&#x8F7D;&#x5747;&#x8861;&#x5668;&#xFF1A;<ul>
<li>&#x7531;&#x4E00;&#x4E9B;&#x4E91;&#x63D0;&#x4F9B;&#x5546;&#x63D0;&#x4F9B;&#xFF08;&#x4F8B;&#x5982; AWS ELB&#xFF0C;Google Cloud Load Balancer&#xFF09;</li>
<li>&#x5F53; Kubernetes service &#x7C7B;&#x578B;&#x4E3A; LoadBalancer &#x65F6;&#xFF0C;&#x4F1A;&#x81EA;&#x52A8;&#x521B;&#x5EFA;</li>
<li>&#x4EC5;&#x4F7F;&#x7528; UDP/TCP</li>
<li>&#x5B9E;&#x65BD;&#x65B9;&#x5F0F;&#x56E0;&#x4E91;&#x63D0;&#x4F9B;&#x5546;&#x800C;&#x5F02;</li>
</ul>
</li>
</ol>
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