kubernetes-handbook/practice/using-openebs-for-persisten...

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# 使用OpenEBS做持久化存储
本文将指导您如何在Kubernetes集群上安装[OpenEBS](https://github.com/openebs/openebs)作为持久化存储。
我们将使用[Operator](https://coreos.com/operators/)的方式来安装OpenEBS安装之前需要先确认您的节点上已经安装了iSCSI。
## 先决条件
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OpenEBS依赖与iSCSI做存储管理因此需要先确保您的集群上已有安装openiscsi。
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**注意**如果您使用kubeadm容器方式安装的kublet那么其中会自带iSCSI不需要再手动安装如果是直接使用二进制形式在裸机上安装的kubelet则需要自己安装iSCSI。
iSCSI( Internet Small Computer System Interface 互联网小型计算机系统接口)是一种基于TCP/IP 的协议用来建立和管理IP存储设备、主机和客户机等之间的相互连接并创建存储区域网络SAN。SAN 使得SCSI 协议应用于高速数据传输网络成为可能这种传输以数据块级别block-level在多个数据存储网络间进行。SCSI 结构基于C/S模式其通常应用环境是设备互相靠近并且这些设备由SCSI 总线连接。
OpenEBS需要使用iSCSI作为存储协议而CentOS上默认是没有安装该软件的因此我们需要手动安装。
iSCSI中包括两种类型的角色
- **target**用来提供存储server
- **initiator**使用存储的客户端client
下图在Kubernetes中使用iSCSI的架构图图片来源http://rootfs.github.io/iSCSI-Kubernetes/)。
![Kubernetes iSCSI架构](../images/iscsi-on-kubernetes.png)
安装iSCSI服务十分简单不需要额外的配置只要安装后启动服务即可。
在每个node节点上执行下面的命令
```bash
yum -y install iscsi-initiator-utils
systemctl enable iscsid
systemctl start iscsid
```
## 快速开始
使用Operator运行OpenEBS服务
```bash
wget https://raw.githubusercontent.com/openebs/openebs/master/k8s/openebs-operator.yaml
kubectl apply -f openebs-operator.yaml
```
使用默认或自定义的storageclass
```bash
wget https://raw.githubusercontent.com/openebs/openebs/master/k8s/openebs-storageclasses.yaml
kubectl apply -f openebs-storageclasses.yaml
```
用到的镜像有:
- openebs/m-apiserver:0.5.1-RC1
- openebs/openebs-k8s-provisioner:0.5.1-RC2
- openebs/jiva:0.5.1-RC1
- openebs/m-exporter:0.5.0
## 测试
下面使用OpenEBS官方文档中的[示例]()安装Jenkins测试
```bash
wget https://raw.githubusercontent.com/openebs/openebs/master/k8s/demo/jenkins/jenkins.yml
kubectl apply -f jenkins.yml
```
查看PV和PVC
```bash
$ kubectl get pv
NAME CAPACITY ACCESS MODES RECLAIM POLICY STATUS CLAIM STORAGECLASS REASON AGE
pvc-8e203e86-f1e5-11e7-aa47-f4e9d49f8ed0 5G RWO Delete Bound default/jenkins-claim openebs-standard 1h
$ kubectl get pvc
kubectl get pvc
NAME STATUS VOLUME CAPACITY ACCESS MODES STORAGECLASS AGE
jenkins-claim Bound pvc-8e203e86-f1e5-11e7-aa47-f4e9d49f8ed0 5G RWO openebs-standard 1h
```
查看Jenkins pod
```bash
Events:
Type Reason Age From Message
---- ------ ---- ---- -------
Warning FailedScheduling 29m (x2 over 29m) default-scheduler PersistentVolumeClaim is not bound: "jenkins-claim" (repeated 3 times)
Normal Scheduled 29m default-scheduler Successfully assigned jenkins-668dfbd847-vhg4c to 172.20.0.115
Normal SuccessfulMountVolume 29m kubelet, 172.20.0.115 MountVolume.SetUp succeeded for volume "default-token-3l9f0"
Warning FailedMount 27m kubelet, 172.20.0.115 Unable to mount volumes for pod "jenkins-668dfbd847-vhg4c_default(8e2ad467-f1e5-11e7-aa47-f4e9d49f8ed0)": timeout expired waiting for volumes to attach/mount for pod "default"/"jenkins-668dfbd847-vhg4c". list of unattached/unmounted volumes=[jenkins-home]
Warning FailedSync 27m kubelet, 172.20.0.115 Error syncing pod
Normal SuccessfulMountVolume 26m kubelet, 172.20.0.115 MountVolume.SetUp succeeded for volume "pvc-8e203e86-f1e5-11e7-aa47-f4e9d49f8ed0"
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Normal Pulling 26m kubelet, 172.20.0.115 pulling image "harbor-001.jimmysong.io/library/jenkins:lts"
Normal Pulled 26m kubelet, 172.20.0.115 Successfully pulled image "harbor-001.jimmysong.io/library/jenkins:lts"
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Normal Created 26m kubelet, 172.20.0.115 Created container
Normal Started 26m kubelet, 172.20.0.115 Started container
```
启动成功。Jenkins配置使用的是**NodePort**方式访问现在访问集群中任何一个节点的Jenkins service的NodePort即可。
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## 存储策略
OpenEBS的存储策略使用StorageClaass实现包括如下的StorageClass
- openebs-cassandra
- openebs-es-data-sc
- openebs-jupyter
- openebs-kafka
- openebs-mongodb
- openebs-percona
- openebs-redis
- openebs-standalone
- openebs-standard
- openebs-zk
每个[Storage Class](../concepts/storageclass.md)都对应与某种应用的存储模式,使用方式请参考[OpenEBS Storage Policies](http://openebs.readthedocs.io/en/latest/Policies/storage_policy.html)。
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## 参考
- [OpenEBS Documentation](http://openebs.readthedocs.io/)
- [CentOS 7.x 下配置iSCSI网络存储](http://blog.csdn.net/wh211212/article/details/52981305)
- [Configure iSCSI Initiator](https://www.server-world.info/en/note?os=CentOS_7&p=iscsi&f=2)
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- [RHEL7: Configure a system as either an iSCSI target or initiator that persistently mounts an iSCSI target.](https://www.certdepot.net/rhel7-configure-iscsi-target-initiator-persistently/)