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1. 前言
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2. 概念原理
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2.1 设计理念
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2.2 Objects
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2.2.1 Pod
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2.2.1.1 Pod解析
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2.2.1.2 Init容器
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2.2.2 Node
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2.2.3 Namespace
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2.2.4 Service
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2.2.5 Volume和Persistent Volume
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2.2.6 Deployment
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2.2.7 Secret
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2.2.8 StatefulSet
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2.2.9 DaemonSet
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2.2.10 ServiceAccount
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2.2.11 ReplicationController和ReplicaSet
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2.2.12 Job
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2.2.13 CronJob
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2.2.14 Ingress
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2.2.15 ConfigMap
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2.2.16 Horizontal Pod Autoscaling
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2.2.17 Label
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3. 用户指南
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3.1 资源配置
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3.1.1 配置Pod的liveness和readiness探针
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3.1.2 配置Pod的Service Account
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3.2 命令使用
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3.2.1 使用kubectl
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3.3 集群管理
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3.3.1 管理集群中的TLS
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3.3.2 kubelet的认证授权
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3.3.3 TLS bootstrap
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3.3.4 kubectl的用户认证授权
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3.3.5 RBAC——基于角色的访问控制
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3.4 访问 Kubernetes 集群
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3.4.1 访问集群
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3.4.2 使用 kubeconfig 文件配置跨集群认证
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3.4.3 通过端口转发访问集群中的应用程序
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3.4.4 使用 service 访问群集中的应用程序
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3.5 在kubernetes中开发部署应用
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3.5.1 适用于kubernetes的应用开发部署流程
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3.5.2 迁移传统应用到kubernetes中——以Hadoop YARN为例
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4. 最佳实践
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4.1 在CentOS上部署kubernetes1.6集群
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4.1.1 创建TLS证书和秘钥
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4.1.2 创建kubeconfig文件
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4.1.3 创建高可用etcd集群
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4.1.4 安装kubectl命令行工具
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4.1.5 部署master节点
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4.1.6 部署node节点
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4.1.7 安装kubedns插件
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4.1.8 安装dashboard插件
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4.1.9 安装heapster插件
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4.1.10 安装EFK插件
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4.2 服务发现与负载均衡
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4.2.1 安装Traefik ingress
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4.2.2 分布式负载测试
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4.2.3 网络和集群性能测试
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4.2.4 边缘节点配置
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4.3 运维管理
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4.3.1 服务滚动升级
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<li class="chapter " data-level="1.4.3.2" data-path="app-log-collection.html">
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4.3.2 应用日志收集
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4.3.3 配置最佳实践
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4.3.4 集群及应用监控
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4.3.5 使用Jenkins进行持续构建与发布
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4.3.6 数据持久化问题
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4.4 存储管理
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4.4.1 GlusterFS
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4.4.1.1 使用GlusterFS做持久化存储
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<a href="storage-for-containers-using-glusterfs-with-openshift.html">
4.4.1.2 在OpenShift中使用GlusterFS做持久化存储
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<li class="chapter " data-level="1.4.4.2" data-path="cephfs.html">
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4.4.2 CephFS
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4.4.2.1 使用Ceph做持久化存储
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5. 领域应用
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<li class="chapter " data-level="1.5.1" data-path="../usecases/microservices.html">
<a href="../usecases/microservices.html">
5.1 微服务架构
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<li class="chapter " data-level="1.5.1.1" data-path="../usecases/istio.html">
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5.1.1 Istio
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<li class="chapter " data-level="1.5.1.1.1" data-path="../usecases/istio-installation.html">
<a href="../usecases/istio-installation.html">
5.1.1.1 安装istio
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<li class="chapter " data-level="1.5.1.1.2" data-path="../usecases/configuring-request-routing.html">
<a href="../usecases/configuring-request-routing.html">
5.1.1.2 配置请求的路由规则
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5.1.2 Linkerd
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<li class="chapter " data-level="1.5.1.2.1" data-path="../usecases/linkerd-user-guide.html">
<a href="../usecases/linkerd-user-guide.html">
5.1.2.1 Linkerd 使用指南
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<a href="../usecases/service-discovery-in-microservices.html">
5.1.3 微服务中的服务发现
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<a href="../usecases/big-data.html">
5.2 大数据
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<a href="../usecases/spark-standalone-on-kubernetes.html">
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5.2.1 Spark standalone on Kubernetes
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</a>
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<li class="chapter " data-level="1.5.2.2" data-path="../usecases/support-spark-natively-in-kubernetes.html">
<a href="../usecases/support-spark-natively-in-kubernetes.html">
5.2.2 运行支持kubernetes原生调度的Spark程序
</a>
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</ul>
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<li class="chapter " data-level="1.5.3" data-path="../usecases/serverless.html">
<a href="../usecases/serverless.html">
5.3 Serverless架构
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6. 开发指南
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<a href="../develop/developing-environment.html">
6.1 开发环境搭建
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6.2 单元测试和集成测试
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<li class="chapter " data-level="1.6.3" data-path="../develop/client-go-sample.html">
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6.3 client-go示例
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6.4 社区贡献
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<li class="chapter " data-level="1.7" data-path="../appendix/">
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7. 附录
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<li class="chapter " data-level="1.7.1" data-path="../appendix/docker-best-practice.html">
<a href="../appendix/docker-best-practice.html">
7.1 Docker最佳实践
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7.2 问题记录
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<li class="chapter " data-level="1.7.3" data-path="../appendix/tricks.html">
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7.3 使用技巧
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<a href=".." >4.2.2 分布式负载测试</a>
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<h2 id="&#x5206;&#x5E03;&#x5F0F;&#x8D1F;&#x8F7D;&#x6D4B;&#x8BD5;">&#x5206;&#x5E03;&#x5F0F;&#x8D1F;&#x8F7D;&#x6D4B;&#x8BD5;</h2>
<p>&#x8BE5;&#x6559;&#x7A0B;&#x63CF;&#x8FF0;&#x5982;&#x4F55;&#x5728;<a href="http://kubernetes.io" target="_blank">Kubernetes</a>&#x4E2D;&#x8FDB;&#x884C;&#x5206;&#x5E03;&#x5F0F;&#x8D1F;&#x8F7D;&#x5747;&#x8861;&#x6D4B;&#x8BD5;&#xFF0C;&#x5305;&#x62EC;&#x4E00;&#x4E2A;web&#x5E94;&#x7528;&#x3001;docker&#x955C;&#x50CF;&#x548C;Kubernetes controllers/services&#x3002;&#x5173;&#x4E8E;&#x5206;&#x5E03;&#x5F0F;&#x8D1F;&#x8F7D;&#x6D4B;&#x8BD5;&#x7684;&#x66F4;&#x591A;&#x8D44;&#x6599;&#x8BF7;&#x67E5;&#x770B;<a href="http://cloud.google.com/solutions/distributed-load-testing-using-kubernetes" target="_blank">Distributed Load Testing Using Kubernetes</a> &#x3002;</p>
<h2 id="&#x51C6;&#x5907;">&#x51C6;&#x5907;</h2>
<p><strong>&#x4E0D;&#x9700;&#x8981;GCE&#x53CA;&#x5176;&#x4ED6;&#x7EC4;&#x4EF6;&#xFF0C;&#x4F60;&#x53EA;&#x9700;&#x8981;&#x6709;&#x4E00;&#x4E2A;kubernetes&#x96C6;&#x7FA4;&#x5373;&#x53EF;&#x3002;</strong></p>
<p>&#x5982;&#x679C;&#x4F60;&#x8FD8;&#x6CA1;&#x6709;kubernetes&#x96C6;&#x7FA4;&#xFF0C;&#x53EF;&#x4EE5;&#x53C2;&#x8003;<a href="https://www.gitbook.com/book/rootsongjc/kubernetes-handbook" target="_blank">kubernetes-handbook</a>&#x90E8;&#x7F72;&#x4E00;&#x4E2A;&#x3002;</p>
<h2 id="&#x90E8;&#x7F72;web&#x5E94;&#x7528;">&#x90E8;&#x7F72;Web&#x5E94;&#x7528;</h2>
<p>&#x672C;&#x6587;&#x4E2D;&#x4F7F;&#x7528;&#x7684;&#x955C;&#x50CF;&#x3001;kubernetes&#x5E94;&#x7528;&#x7684;yaml&#x914D;&#x7F6E;&#x6765;&#x81EA;&#x6211;&#x7684;&#x53E6;&#x4E00;&#x4E2A;&#x9879;&#x76EE;&#xFF0C;&#x8BF7;&#x53C2;&#x8003;&#xFF1A;<a href="https://github.com/rootsongjc/distributed-load-testing-using-kubernetes" target="_blank">https://github.com/rootsongjc/distributed-load-testing-using-kubernetes</a></p>
<p> <code>sample-webapp</code> &#x76EE;&#x5F55;&#x4E0B;&#x5305;&#x542B;&#x4E00;&#x4E2A;&#x7B80;&#x5355;&#x7684;web&#x6D4B;&#x8BD5;&#x5E94;&#x7528;&#x3002;&#x6211;&#x4EEC;&#x5C06;&#x5176;&#x6784;&#x5EFA;&#x4E3A;docker&#x955C;&#x50CF;&#xFF0C;&#x5728;kubernetes&#x4E2D;&#x8FD0;&#x884C;&#x3002;&#x4F60;&#x53EF;&#x4EE5;&#x81EA;&#x5DF1;&#x6784;&#x5EFA;&#xFF0C;&#x4E5F;&#x53EF;&#x4EE5;&#x76F4;&#x63A5;&#x7528;&#x8FD9;&#x4E2A;&#x6211;&#x6784;&#x5EFA;&#x597D;&#x7684;&#x955C;&#x50CF;<code>index.tenxcloud.com/jimmy/k8s-sample-webapp:latest</code>&#x3002;</p>
<p>&#x5728;kubernetes&#x4E0A;&#x90E8;&#x7F72;sample-webapp&#x3002;</p>
<pre><code class="lang-bash">$ git <span class="hljs-built_in">clone</span> https://github.com/rootsongjc/distributed-load-testing-using-kubernetes.git
$ <span class="hljs-built_in">cd</span> kubernetes-config
$ kubectl create <span class="hljs-_">-f</span> sample-webapp-controller.yaml
$ kubectl create <span class="hljs-_">-f</span> sample-webapp-service.yaml
</code></pre>
<h2 id="&#x90E8;&#x7F72;locust&#x7684;controller&#x548C;service">&#x90E8;&#x7F72;Locust&#x7684;Controller&#x548C;Service</h2>
<p><code>locust-master</code>&#x548C;<code>locust-work</code>&#x4F7F;&#x7528;&#x540C;&#x6837;&#x7684;docker&#x955C;&#x50CF;&#xFF0C;&#x4FEE;&#x6539;cotnroller&#x4E2D;<code>spec.template.spec.containers.env</code>&#x5B57;&#x6BB5;&#x4E2D;&#x7684;value&#x4E3A;&#x4F60;<code>sample-webapp</code> service&#x7684;&#x540D;&#x5B57;&#x3002;</p>
<pre><code>- name: TARGET_HOST
value: http://sample-webapp:8000
</code></pre><h3 id="&#x521B;&#x5EFA;controller-docker&#x955C;&#x50CF;&#xFF08;&#x53EF;&#x9009;&#xFF09;">&#x521B;&#x5EFA;Controller Docker&#x955C;&#x50CF;&#xFF08;&#x53EF;&#x9009;&#xFF09;</h3>
<p><code>locust-master</code>&#x548C;<code>locust-work</code> controller&#x4F7F;&#x7528;&#x7684;&#x90FD;&#x662F;<code>locust-tasks</code> docker&#x955C;&#x50CF;&#x3002;&#x4F60;&#x53EF;&#x4EE5;&#x76F4;&#x63A5;&#x4E0B;&#x8F7D;<code>gcr.io/cloud-solutions-images/locust-tasks</code>&#xFF0C;&#x4E5F;&#x53EF;&#x4EE5;&#x81EA;&#x5DF1;&#x7F16;&#x8BD1;&#x3002;&#x81EA;&#x5DF1;&#x7F16;&#x8BD1;&#x5927;&#x6982;&#x8981;&#x82B1;&#x51E0;&#x5206;&#x949F;&#x65F6;&#x95F4;&#xFF0C;&#x955C;&#x50CF;&#x5927;&#x5C0F;&#x4E3A;820M&#x3002;</p>
<pre><code>$ docker build -t index.tenxcloud.com/jimmy/locust-tasks:latest .
$ docker push index.tenxcloud.com/jimmy/locust-tasks:latest
</code></pre><p><strong>&#x6CE8;&#x610F;</strong>&#xFF1A;&#x6211;&#x4F7F;&#x7528;&#x7684;&#x662F;&#x65F6;&#x901F;&#x4E91;&#x7684;&#x955C;&#x50CF;&#x4ED3;&#x5E93;&#x3002;</p>
<p>&#x6BCF;&#x4E2A;controller&#x7684;yaml&#x7684;<code>spec.template.spec.containers.image</code> &#x5B57;&#x6BB5;&#x6307;&#x5B9A;&#x7684;&#x662F;&#x6211;&#x7684;&#x955C;&#x50CF;&#xFF1A;</p>
<pre><code>image: index.tenxcloud.com/jimmy/locust-tasks:latest
</code></pre><h3 id="&#x90E8;&#x7F72;locust-master">&#x90E8;&#x7F72;locust-master</h3>
<pre><code class="lang-bash">$ kubectl create <span class="hljs-_">-f</span> locust-master-controller.yaml
$ kubectl create <span class="hljs-_">-f</span> locust-master-service.yaml
</code></pre>
<h3 id="&#x90E8;&#x7F72;locust-worker">&#x90E8;&#x7F72;locust-worker</h3>
<p>Now deploy <code>locust-worker-controller</code>:</p>
<pre><code class="lang-bash">$ kubectl create <span class="hljs-_">-f</span> locust-worker-controller.yaml
</code></pre>
<p>&#x4F60;&#x53EF;&#x4EE5;&#x5F88;&#x8F7B;&#x6613;&#x7684;&#x7ED9;work&#x6269;&#x5BB9;&#xFF0C;&#x901A;&#x8FC7;&#x547D;&#x4EE4;&#x884C;&#x65B9;&#x5F0F;&#xFF1A;</p>
<p>```ba sh
$ kubectl scale --replicas=20 replicationcontrollers locust-worker</p>
<pre><code>&#x5F53;&#x7136;&#x4F60;&#x4E5F;&#x53EF;&#x4EE5;&#x901A;&#x8FC7;WebUI&#xFF1A;Dashboard - Workloads - Replication Controllers - **ServiceName** - Scale&#x6765;&#x6269;&#x5BB9;&#x3002;
![dashboard-scale](../images/dashbaord-scale.jpg)
### &#x914D;&#x7F6E;Traefik
&#x53C2;&#x8003;[kubernetes&#x7684;traefik ingress&#x5B89;&#x88C5;](http://rootsongjc.github.io/blogs/traefik-ingress-installation/)&#xFF0C;&#x5728;`ingress.yaml`&#x4E2D;&#x52A0;&#x5165;&#x5982;&#x4E0B;&#x914D;&#x7F6E;&#xFF1A;
```Yaml
- host: traefik.locust.io
http:
paths:
- path: /
backend:
serviceName: locust-master
servicePort: 8089
</code></pre><p>&#x7136;&#x540E;&#x6267;&#x884C;<code>kubectl replace -f ingress.yaml</code>&#x5373;&#x53EF;&#x66F4;&#x65B0;traefik&#x3002;</p>
<p>&#x901A;&#x8FC7;Traefik&#x7684;dashboard&#x5C31;&#x53EF;&#x4EE5;&#x770B;&#x5230;&#x521A;&#x589E;&#x52A0;&#x7684;<code>traefik.locust.io</code>&#x8282;&#x70B9;&#x3002;</p>
<figure id="fig1.4.2.2.1"><img src="../images/traefik-dashboard-locust.jpg" alt="traefik-dashboard-locust"><figcaption>Figure: traefik-dashboard-locust</figcaption></figure>
<h2 id="&#x6267;&#x884C;&#x6D4B;&#x8BD5;">&#x6267;&#x884C;&#x6D4B;&#x8BD5;</h2>
<p>&#x6253;&#x5F00;<code>http://traefik.locust.io</code>&#x9875;&#x9762;&#xFF0C;&#x70B9;&#x51FB;<code>Edit</code>&#x8F93;&#x5165;&#x4F2A;&#x9020;&#x7684;&#x7528;&#x6237;&#x6570;&#x548C;&#x7528;&#x6237;&#x6BCF;&#x79D2;&#x53D1;&#x9001;&#x7684;&#x8BF7;&#x6C42;&#x4E2A;&#x6570;&#xFF0C;&#x70B9;&#x51FB;<code>Start Swarming</code>&#x5C31;&#x53EF;&#x4EE5;&#x5F00;&#x59CB;&#x6D4B;&#x8BD5;&#x4E86;&#x3002;</p>
<figure id="fig1.4.2.2.2"><img src="../images/locust-start-swarming.jpg" alt="locust-start-swarming"><figcaption>Figure: locust-start-swarming</figcaption></figure>
<p>&#x5728;&#x6D4B;&#x8BD5;&#x8FC7;&#x7A0B;&#x4E2D;&#x8C03;&#x6574;<code>sample-webapp</code>&#x7684;pod&#x4E2A;&#x6570;&#xFF08;&#x9ED8;&#x8BA4;&#x8BBE;&#x7F6E;&#x4E86;1&#x4E2A;pod&#xFF09;&#xFF0C;&#x89C2;&#x5BDF;pod&#x7684;&#x8D1F;&#x8F7D;&#x53D8;&#x5316;&#x60C5;&#x51B5;&#x3002;</p>
<figure id="fig1.4.2.2.3"><img src="../images/sample-webapp-rc.jpg" alt="sample-webapp-rc"><figcaption>Figure: sample-webapp-rc</figcaption></figure>
<p>&#x4ECE;&#x4E00;&#x6BB5;&#x65F6;&#x95F4;&#x7684;&#x89C2;&#x5BDF;&#x4E2D;&#x53EF;&#x4EE5;&#x770B;&#x5230;&#x8D1F;&#x8F7D;&#x88AB;&#x5E73;&#x5747;&#x5206;&#x914D;&#x7ED9;&#x4E86;3&#x4E2A;pod&#x3002;</p>
<p>&#x5728;locust&#x7684;&#x9875;&#x9762;&#x4E2D;&#x53EF;&#x4EE5;&#x5B9E;&#x65F6;&#x89C2;&#x5BDF;&#x4E5F;&#x53EF;&#x4EE5;&#x4E0B;&#x8F7D;&#x6D4B;&#x8BD5;&#x7ED3;&#x679C;&#x3002;</p>
<figure id="fig1.4.2.2.4"><img src="../images/locust-dashboard.jpg" alt="locust-dashboard"><figcaption>Figure: locust-dashboard</figcaption></figure>
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