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1. 前言
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2. 概念原理
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2.1 设计理念
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2.2 主要概念
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2.2.1 Pod
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2.2.1.1 Pod解析
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2017-08-31 23:28:33 +08:00
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2.2.1.2 Init容器
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2.2.2 Node
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2.2.3 Namespace
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2.2.4 Service
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2.2.5 Volume和Persistent Volume
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2.2.6 Deployment
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2.2.7 Secret
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2.2.8 StatefulSet
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2.2.9 DaemonSet
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2.2.10 ServiceAccount
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2.2.11 ReplicationController和ReplicaSet
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2.2.12 Job
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2.2.13 CronJob
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2.2.14 Ingress
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2.2.15 ConfigMap
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2.2.16 Horizontal Pod Autoscaling
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2.2.17 Label
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3. 用户指南
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3.1 资源配置
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3.1.1 配置Pod的liveness和readiness探针
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3.1.2 配置Pod的Service Account
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3.2 命令使用
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3.2.1 使用kubectl
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3.3 集群管理
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3.3.1 管理集群中的TLS
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3.3.2 kubelet的认证授权
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3.3.3 TLS bootstrap
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3.3.4 kubectl的用户认证授权
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3.3.5 RBAC——基于角色的访问控制
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3.4 访问 Kubernetes 集群
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3.4.1 访问集群
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3.4.2 使用 kubeconfig 文件配置跨集群认证
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3.4.3 通过端口转发访问集群中的应用程序
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3.4.4 使用 service 访问群集中的应用程序
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3.5 在kubernetes中开发部署应用
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3.5.1 适用于kubernetes的应用开发部署流程
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<li class="chapter " data-level="1.3.5.2" data-path="migrating-hadoop-yarn-to-kubernetes.html">
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3.5.2 迁移传统应用到kubernetes中——以Hadoop YARN为例
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4. 最佳实践
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<li class="chapter " data-level="1.4.1" data-path="../practice/install-kbernetes1.6-on-centos.html">
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4.1 在CentOS上部署kubernetes1.6集群
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<li class="chapter " data-level="1.4.1.1" data-path="../practice/create-tls-and-secret-key.html">
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4.1.1 创建TLS证书和秘钥
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4.1.2 创建kubeconfig文件
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<li class="chapter " data-level="1.4.1.3" data-path="../practice/etcd-cluster-installation.html">
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4.1.3 创建高可用etcd集群
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<li class="chapter " data-level="1.4.1.4" data-path="../practice/kubectl-installation.html">
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4.1.4 安装kubectl命令行工具
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<li class="chapter " data-level="1.4.1.5" data-path="../practice/master-installation.html">
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4.1.5 部署master节点
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4.1.6 部署node节点
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<li class="chapter " data-level="1.4.1.7" data-path="../practice/kubedns-addon-installation.html">
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4.1.7 安装kubedns插件
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<li class="chapter " data-level="1.4.1.8" data-path="../practice/dashboard-addon-installation.html">
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4.1.8 安装dashboard插件
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<li class="chapter " data-level="1.4.1.9" data-path="../practice/heapster-addon-installation.html">
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4.1.9 安装heapster插件
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<li class="chapter " data-level="1.4.1.10" data-path="../practice/efk-addon-installation.html">
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4.1.10 安装EFK插件
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<li class="chapter " data-level="1.4.2" data-path="../practice/service-discovery-and-loadbalancing.html">
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4.2 服务发现与负载均衡
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<li class="chapter " data-level="1.4.2.1" data-path="../practice/traefik-ingress-installation.html">
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4.2.1 安装Traefik ingress
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4.2.2 分布式负载测试
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4.2.3 网络和集群性能测试
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<li class="chapter " data-level="1.4.2.4" data-path="../practice/edge-node-configuration.html">
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4.2.4 边缘节点配置
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4.3 运维管理
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<li class="chapter " data-level="1.4.3.1" data-path="../practice/service-rolling-update.html">
<a href="../practice/service-rolling-update.html">
4.3.1 服务滚动升级
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<li class="chapter " data-level="1.4.3.2" data-path="../practice/app-log-collection.html">
<a href="../practice/app-log-collection.html">
4.3.2 应用日志收集
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<li class="chapter " data-level="1.4.3.3" data-path="../practice/configuration-best-practice.html">
<a href="../practice/configuration-best-practice.html">
4.3.3 配置最佳实践
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<li class="chapter " data-level="1.4.3.4" data-path="../practice/monitor.html">
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4.3.4 集群及应用监控
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<li class="chapter " data-level="1.4.3.5" data-path="../practice/jenkins-ci-cd.html">
<a href="../practice/jenkins-ci-cd.html">
4.3.5 使用Jenkins进行持续构建与发布
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<li class="chapter " data-level="1.4.3.6" data-path="../practice/data-persistence-problem.html">
<a href="../practice/data-persistence-problem.html">
4.3.6 数据持久化问题
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4.4 存储管理
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4.4.1 GlusterFS
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<li class="chapter " data-level="1.4.4.1.1" data-path="../practice/using-glusterfs-for-persistent-storage.html">
<a href="../practice/using-glusterfs-for-persistent-storage.html">
4.4.1.1 使用GlusterFS做持久化存储
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<li class="chapter " data-level="1.4.4.1.2" data-path="../practice/storage-for-containers-using-glusterfs-with-openshift.html">
<a href="../practice/storage-for-containers-using-glusterfs-with-openshift.html">
4.4.1.2 在OpenShift中使用GlusterFS做持久化存储
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</ul>
</li>
<li class="chapter " data-level="1.4.4.2" data-path="../practice/cephfs.html">
<a href="../practice/cephfs.html">
4.4.2 CephFS
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<li class="chapter " data-level="1.4.4.2.1" data-path="../practice/using-ceph-for-persistent-storage.html">
<a href="../practice/using-ceph-for-persistent-storage.html">
4.4.2.1 使用Ceph做持久化存储
</a>
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<li class="chapter " data-level="1.5" data-path="../usecases/">
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5. 领域应用
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<li class="chapter " data-level="1.5.1" data-path="../usecases/microservices.html">
<a href="../usecases/microservices.html">
5.1 微服务架构
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<ul class="articles">
<li class="chapter " data-level="1.5.1.1" data-path="../usecases/istio.html">
<a href="../usecases/istio.html">
5.1.1 Istio
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<ul class="articles">
<li class="chapter " data-level="1.5.1.1.1" data-path="../usecases/istio-installation.html">
<a href="../usecases/istio-installation.html">
5.1.1.1 安装istio
</a>
</li>
<li class="chapter " data-level="1.5.1.1.2" data-path="../usecases/configuring-request-routing.html">
<a href="../usecases/configuring-request-routing.html">
5.1.1.2 配置请求的路由规则
</a>
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</ul>
</li>
<li class="chapter " data-level="1.5.1.2" data-path="../usecases/linkerd.html">
<a href="../usecases/linkerd.html">
5.1.2 Linkerd
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<li class="chapter " data-level="1.5.1.2.1" data-path="../usecases/linkerd-user-guide.html">
<a href="../usecases/linkerd-user-guide.html">
5.1.2.1 Linkerd 使用指南
</a>
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</ul>
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<li class="chapter " data-level="1.5.1.3" data-path="../usecases/service-discovery-in-microservices.html">
<a href="../usecases/service-discovery-in-microservices.html">
5.1.3 微服务中的服务发现
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</ul>
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<li class="chapter " data-level="1.5.2" data-path="../usecases/big-data.html">
<a href="../usecases/big-data.html">
5.2 大数据
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<ul class="articles">
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<li class="chapter " data-level="1.5.2.1" data-path="../usecases/spark-standalone-on-kubernetes.html">
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<a href="../usecases/spark-standalone-on-kubernetes.html">
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5.2.1 Spark standalone on Kubernetes
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</a>
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</li>
<li class="chapter " data-level="1.5.2.2" data-path="../usecases/support-spark-natively-in-kubernetes.html">
<a href="../usecases/support-spark-natively-in-kubernetes.html">
5.2.2 运行支持kubernetes原生调度的Spark程序
</a>
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</li>
</ul>
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</li>
<li class="chapter " data-level="1.5.3" data-path="../usecases/serverless.html">
<a href="../usecases/serverless.html">
5.3 Serverless架构
</a>
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<li class="chapter " data-level="1.6" data-path="../develop/">
<a href="../develop/">
6. 开发指南
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<li class="chapter " data-level="1.6.1" data-path="../develop/developing-environment.html">
<a href="../develop/developing-environment.html">
6.1 开发环境搭建
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<li class="chapter " data-level="1.6.2" data-path="../develop/testing.html">
<a href="../develop/testing.html">
6.2 单元测试和集成测试
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<li class="chapter " data-level="1.6.3" data-path="../develop/client-go-sample.html">
<a href="../develop/client-go-sample.html">
6.3 client-go示例
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<li class="chapter " data-level="1.6.4" data-path="../develop/contribute.html">
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6.4 社区贡献
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<li class="chapter " data-level="1.7" data-path="../appendix/">
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7. 附录
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<ul class="articles">
<li class="chapter " data-level="1.7.1" data-path="../appendix/docker-best-practice.html">
<a href="../appendix/docker-best-practice.html">
7.1 Docker最佳实践
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<li class="chapter " data-level="1.7.2" data-path="../appendix/issues.html">
<a href="../appendix/issues.html">
7.2 问题记录
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<li class="chapter " data-level="1.7.3" data-path="../appendix/tricks.html">
<a href="../appendix/tricks.html">
7.3 使用技巧
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<a href=".." >3.4.1 访问集群</a>
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<h2 id="&#x8BBF;&#x95EE;&#x96C6;&#x7FA4;">&#x8BBF;&#x95EE;&#x96C6;&#x7FA4;</h2>
<h3 id="&#x7B2C;&#x4E00;&#x6B21;&#x4F7F;&#x7528;-kubectl-&#x8BBF;&#x95EE;">&#x7B2C;&#x4E00;&#x6B21;&#x4F7F;&#x7528; kubectl &#x8BBF;&#x95EE;</h3>
<p>&#x5982;&#x679C;&#x60A8;&#x662F;&#x7B2C;&#x4E00;&#x6B21;&#x8BBF;&#x95EE; Kubernetes API &#x7684;&#x8BDD;&#xFF0C;&#x6211;&#x4EEC;&#x5EFA;&#x8BAE;&#x60A8;&#x4F7F;&#x7528; Kubernetes &#x547D;&#x4EE4;&#x884C;&#x5DE5;&#x5177;&#xFF1A;<code>kubectl</code>&#x3002;</p>
<p>&#x4E3A;&#x4E86;&#x8BBF;&#x95EE;&#x96C6;&#x7FA4;&#xFF0C;&#x60A8;&#x9700;&#x8981;&#x77E5;&#x9053;&#x96C6;&#x7FA4;&#x7684;&#x5730;&#x5740;&#xFF0C;&#x5E76;&#x4E14;&#x9700;&#x8981;&#x6709;&#x8BBF;&#x95EE;&#x5B83;&#x7684;&#x51ED;&#x8BC1;&#x3002;&#x901A;&#x5E38;&#xFF0C;&#x5982;&#x679C;&#x60A8;&#x5B8C;&#x6210;&#x4E86; <a href="https://kubernetes.io/docs/getting-started-guides" target="_blank">&#x5165;&#x95E8;&#x6307;&#x5357;</a> &#x90A3;&#x4E48;&#x8FD9;&#x4E9B;&#x5C06;&#x4F1A;&#x81EA;&#x52A8;&#x8BBE;&#x7F6E;&#xFF0C;&#x6216;&#x8005;&#x5176;&#x4ED6;&#x4EBA;&#x4E3A;&#x60A8;&#x90E8;&#x7F72;&#x7684;&#x96C6;&#x7FA4;&#x63D0;&#x4F9B;&#x5E76;&#x7ED9;&#x60A8;&#x51ED;&#x8BC1;&#x548C;&#x96C6;&#x7FA4;&#x5730;&#x5740;&#x3002;</p>
<p>&#x4F7F;&#x7528;&#x4E0B;&#x9762;&#x7684;&#x547D;&#x4EE4;&#x68C0;&#x67E5; kubectl &#x5DF2;&#x77E5;&#x7684;&#x96C6;&#x7FA4;&#x7684;&#x5730;&#x5740;&#x548C;&#x51ED;&#x8BC1;&#xFF1A;</p>
<pre><code class="lang-bash">$ kubectl config view
</code></pre>
<p>&#x5173;&#x4E8E; kubectl &#x547D;&#x4EE4;&#x4F7F;&#x7528;&#x7684;&#x66F4;&#x591A; <a href="https://github.com/kubernetes/kubernetes/tree/%7B%7Bpage.githubbranch%7D%7D/examples/" target="_blank">&#x793A;&#x4F8B;</a> &#x548C;&#x5B8C;&#x6574;&#x6587;&#x6863;&#x53EF;&#x4EE5;&#x5728;&#x8FD9;&#x91CC;&#x627E;&#x5230;&#xFF1A;<a href="https://kubernetes.io/docs/user-guide/kubectl/index" target="_blank">kubectl &#x624B;&#x518C;</a></p>
<h3 id="&#x76F4;&#x63A5;&#x8BBF;&#x95EE;-rest-api">&#x76F4;&#x63A5;&#x8BBF;&#x95EE; REST API</h3>
<p>Kubectl &#x5904;&#x7406;&#x5BF9; apiserver &#x7684;&#x5B9A;&#x4F4D;&#x548C;&#x8BA4;&#x8BC1;&#x3002;&#x5982;&#x679C;&#x60A8;&#x60F3;&#x76F4;&#x63A5;&#x8BBF;&#x95EE; REST API&#xFF0C;&#x53EF;&#x4EE5;&#x4F7F;&#x7528;&#x50CF; curl&#x3001;wget &#x6216;&#x6D4F;&#x89C8;&#x5668;&#x8FD9;&#x6837;&#x7684; http &#x5BA2;&#x6237;&#x7AEF;&#xFF0C;&#x6709;&#x4EE5;&#x4E0B;&#x51E0;&#x79CD;&#x65B9;&#x5F0F;&#x6765;&#x5B9A;&#x4F4D;&#x548C;&#x8BA4;&#x8BC1;&#xFF1A;</p>
<ul>
<li>&#x4EE5; proxy &#x6A21;&#x5F0F;&#x8FD0;&#x884C; kubectl&#x3002;<ul>
<li>&#x63A8;&#x8350;&#x65B9;&#x6CD5;&#x3002;</li>
<li>&#x4F7F;&#x7528;&#x5DF2;&#x4FDD;&#x5B58;&#x7684; apiserver &#x4F4D;&#x7F6E;&#x4FE1;&#x606F;&#x3002;</li>
<li>&#x4F7F;&#x7528;&#x81EA;&#x7B7E;&#x540D;&#x8BC1;&#x4E66;&#x9A8C;&#x8BC1; apiserver &#x7684;&#x8EAB;&#x4EFD;&#x3002; &#x6CA1;&#x6709; MITM&#xFF08;&#x4E2D;&#x95F4;&#x4EBA;&#x653B;&#x51FB;&#xFF09;&#x7684;&#x53EF;&#x80FD;&#x3002;</li>
<li>&#x8BA4;&#x8BC1;&#x5230; apiserver&#x3002;</li>
<li>&#x5C06;&#x6765;&#xFF0C;&#x53EF;&#x80FD;&#x4F1A;&#x505A;&#x667A;&#x80FD;&#x7684;&#x5BA2;&#x6237;&#x7AEF;&#x8D1F;&#x8F7D;&#x5747;&#x8861;&#x548C;&#x6545;&#x969C;&#x8F6C;&#x79FB;&#x3002;</li>
</ul>
</li>
<li>&#x76F4;&#x63A5;&#x5411; http &#x5BA2;&#x6237;&#x7AEF;&#x63D0;&#x4F9B;&#x4F4D;&#x7F6E;&#x548C;&#x51ED;&#x636E;&#x3002;<ul>
<li>&#x66FF;&#x4EE3;&#x65B9;&#x6CD5;&#x3002;</li>
<li>&#x9002;&#x7528;&#x4E8E;&#x901A;&#x8FC7;&#x4F7F;&#x7528;&#x4EE3;&#x7406;&#x800C;&#x6DF7;&#x6DC6;&#x7684;&#x67D0;&#x4E9B;&#x7C7B;&#x578B;&#x7684;&#x5BA2;&#x6237;&#x7AEF;&#x4EE3;&#x7801;&#x3002;</li>
<li>&#x9700;&#x8981;&#x5C06;&#x6839;&#x8BC1;&#x4E66;&#x5BFC;&#x5165;&#x6D4F;&#x89C8;&#x5668;&#x4EE5;&#x9632;&#x6B62; MITM&#x3002;</li>
</ul>
</li>
</ul>
<h4 id="&#x4F7F;&#x7528;-kubectl-proxy">&#x4F7F;&#x7528; kubectl proxy</h4>
<p>&#x4EE5;&#x4E0B;&#x547D;&#x4EE4;&#x4F5C;&#x4E3A;&#x53CD;&#x5411;&#x4EE3;&#x7406;&#x7684;&#x6A21;&#x5F0F;&#x8FD0;&#x884C; kubectl&#x3002; &#x5B83;&#x5904;&#x7406;&#x5BF9; apiserver &#x7684;&#x5B9A;&#x4F4D;&#x5E76;&#x8FDB;&#x884C;&#x8BA4;&#x8BC1;&#x3002;</p>
<p>&#x50CF;&#x8FD9;&#x6837;&#x8FD0;&#x884C;&#xFF1A;</p>
<pre><code class="lang-bash">$ kubectl proxy --port=8080 &amp;
</code></pre>
<p>&#x67E5;&#x770B;&#x5173;&#x4E8E; <a href="https://kubernetes.io/docs/user-guide/kubectl/v1.6/#proxy" target="_blank">kubectl proxy</a> &#x7684;&#x66F4;&#x591A;&#x7EC6;&#x8282;&#x3002;</p>
<p>&#x7136;&#x540E;&#x60A8;&#x53EF;&#x4EE5;&#x4F7F;&#x7528; curl&#x3001;wget &#x6216;&#x8005;&#x6D4F;&#x89C8;&#x5668;&#x6765;&#x8BBF;&#x95EE; API&#xFF0C;&#x5982;&#x4E0B;&#x6240;&#x793A;&#xFF1A;</p>
<pre><code class="lang-bash">$ curl http://localhost:8080/api/
{
<span class="hljs-string">&quot;versions&quot;</span>: [
<span class="hljs-string">&quot;v1&quot;</span>
]
}
</code></pre>
<h4 id="&#x4E0D;&#x4F7F;&#x7528;-kubectl-proxy&#xFF08;13x-&#x4EE5;&#x524D;&#x7248;&#x672C;&#xFF09;">&#x4E0D;&#x4F7F;&#x7528; kubectl proxy&#xFF08;1.3.x &#x4EE5;&#x524D;&#x7248;&#x672C;&#xFF09;</h4>
<p>&#x901A;&#x8FC7;&#x5C06;&#x8BA4;&#x8BC1; token &#x76F4;&#x63A5;&#x4F20;&#x9012;&#x7ED9; apiserver &#x7684;&#x65B9;&#x5F0F;&#xFF0C;&#x53EF;&#x4EE5;&#x907F;&#x514D;&#x4F7F;&#x7528; kubectl proxy&#xFF0C;&#x5982;&#x4E0B;&#x6240;&#x793A;&#xFF1A;</p>
<pre><code class="lang-bash">$ APISERVER=$(kubectl config view | grep server | cut <span class="hljs-_">-f</span> 2- <span class="hljs-_">-d</span> <span class="hljs-string">&quot;:&quot;</span> | tr <span class="hljs-_">-d</span> <span class="hljs-string">&quot; &quot;</span>)
$ TOKEN=$(kubectl config view | grep token | cut <span class="hljs-_">-f</span> 2 <span class="hljs-_">-d</span> <span class="hljs-string">&quot;:&quot;</span> | tr <span class="hljs-_">-d</span> <span class="hljs-string">&quot; &quot;</span>)
$ curl <span class="hljs-variable">$APISERVER</span>/api --header <span class="hljs-string">&quot;Authorization: Bearer <span class="hljs-variable">$TOKEN</span>&quot;</span> --insecure
{
<span class="hljs-string">&quot;versions&quot;</span>: [
<span class="hljs-string">&quot;v1&quot;</span>
]
}
</code></pre>
<h4 id="&#x4E0D;&#x4F7F;&#x7528;-kubectl-proxy&#xFF08;13x-&#x4EE5;&#x540E;&#x7248;&#x672C;&#xFF09;">&#x4E0D;&#x4F7F;&#x7528; kubectl proxy&#xFF08;1.3.x &#x4EE5;&#x540E;&#x7248;&#x672C;&#xFF09;</h4>
<p>&#x5728; Kubernetes 1.3 &#x6216;&#x66F4;&#x9AD8;&#x7248;&#x672C;&#x4E2D;&#xFF0C;<code>kubectl config view</code> &#x4E0D;&#x518D;&#x663E;&#x793A; token&#x3002; &#x4F7F;&#x7528; <code>kubectl describe secret &#x2026;</code> &#x83B7;&#x53D6; default service account &#x7684; token&#xFF0C;&#x5982;&#x4E0B;&#x6240;&#x793A;&#xFF1A;</p>
<pre><code class="lang-bash">$ APISERVER=$(kubectl config view | grep server | cut <span class="hljs-_">-f</span> 2- <span class="hljs-_">-d</span> <span class="hljs-string">&quot;:&quot;</span> | tr <span class="hljs-_">-d</span> <span class="hljs-string">&quot; &quot;</span>)
$ TOKEN=$(kubectl describe secret $(kubectl get secrets | grep default | cut <span class="hljs-_">-f</span>1 <span class="hljs-_">-d</span> <span class="hljs-string">&apos; &apos;</span>) | grep -E <span class="hljs-string">&apos;^token&apos;</span> | cut <span class="hljs-_">-f</span>2 <span class="hljs-_">-d</span><span class="hljs-string">&apos;:&apos;</span> | tr <span class="hljs-_">-d</span> <span class="hljs-string">&apos;\t&apos;</span>)
$ curl <span class="hljs-variable">$APISERVER</span>/api --header <span class="hljs-string">&quot;Authorization: Bearer <span class="hljs-variable">$TOKEN</span>&quot;</span> --insecure
{
<span class="hljs-string">&quot;kind&quot;</span>: <span class="hljs-string">&quot;APIVersions&quot;</span>,
<span class="hljs-string">&quot;versions&quot;</span>: [
<span class="hljs-string">&quot;v1&quot;</span>
],
<span class="hljs-string">&quot;serverAddressByClientCIDRs&quot;</span>: [
{
<span class="hljs-string">&quot;clientCIDR&quot;</span>: <span class="hljs-string">&quot;0.0.0.0/0&quot;</span>,
<span class="hljs-string">&quot;serverAddress&quot;</span>: <span class="hljs-string">&quot;10.0.1.149:443&quot;</span>
}
]
}
</code></pre>
<p>&#x4EE5;&#x4E0A;&#x793A;&#x4F8B;&#x4F7F;&#x7528;<code>--insecure</code> &#x6807;&#x5FD7;&#x3002; &#x8FD9;&#x4F7F;&#x5F97;&#x5B83;&#x5BB9;&#x6613;&#x53D7;&#x5230; MITM &#x653B;&#x51FB;&#x3002; &#x5F53; kubectl &#x8BBF;&#x95EE;&#x96C6;&#x7FA4;&#x65F6;&#xFF0C;&#x5B83;&#x4F7F;&#x7528;&#x5B58;&#x50A8;&#x7684;&#x6839;&#x8BC1;&#x4E66;&#x548C;&#x5BA2;&#x6237;&#x7AEF;&#x8BC1;&#x4E66;&#x6765;&#x8BBF;&#x95EE;&#x670D;&#x52A1;&#x5668;&#x3002; &#xFF08;&#x8FD9;&#x4E9B;&#x5B89;&#x88C5;&#x5728;<code>~/.kube</code>&#x76EE;&#x5F55;&#x4E2D;&#xFF09;&#x3002; &#x7531;&#x4E8E;&#x96C6;&#x7FA4;&#x8BC1;&#x4E66;&#x901A;&#x5E38;&#x662F;&#x81EA;&#x7B7E;&#x540D;&#x7684;&#xFF0C;&#x56E0;&#x6B64;&#x53EF;&#x80FD;&#x9700;&#x8981;&#x7279;&#x6B8A;&#x914D;&#x7F6E;&#x624D;&#x80FD;&#x8BA9;&#x60A8;&#x7684; http &#x5BA2;&#x6237;&#x7AEF;&#x4F7F;&#x7528;&#x6839;&#x8BC1;&#x4E66;&#x3002;</p>
<p>&#x5BF9;&#x4E8E;&#x67D0;&#x4E9B;&#x7FA4;&#x96C6;&#xFF0C;apiserver &#x53EF;&#x80FD;&#x4E0D;&#x9700;&#x8981;&#x8EAB;&#x4EFD;&#x9A8C;&#x8BC1;&#xFF1B;&#x53EF;&#x4EE5;&#x9009;&#x62E9;&#x5728;&#x672C;&#x5730;&#x4E3B;&#x673A;&#x4E0A;&#x670D;&#x52A1;&#xFF0C;&#x6216;&#x8005;&#x4F7F;&#x7528;&#x9632;&#x706B;&#x5899;&#x4FDD;&#x62A4;&#x3002; &#x5BF9;&#x6B64;&#x8FD8;&#x6CA1;&#x6709;&#x4E00;&#x4E2A;&#x6807;&#x51C6;&#x3002;<a href="https://kubernetes.io/docs/admin/accessing-the-api" target="_blank">&#x914D;&#x7F6E;&#x5BF9;API&#x7684;&#x8BBF;&#x95EE;</a> &#x63CF;&#x8FF0;&#x4E86;&#x7FA4;&#x96C6;&#x7BA1;&#x7406;&#x5458;&#x5982;&#x4F55;&#x914D;&#x7F6E;&#x6B64;&#x64CD;&#x4F5C;&#x3002; &#x8FD9;&#x79CD;&#x65B9;&#x6CD5;&#x53EF;&#x80FD;&#x4E0E;&#x672A;&#x6765;&#x7684;&#x9AD8;&#x53EF;&#x7528;&#x6027;&#x652F;&#x6301;&#x76F8;&#x51B2;&#x7A81;&#x3002;</p>
<h3 id="&#x7F16;&#x7A0B;&#x8BBF;&#x95EE;-api">&#x7F16;&#x7A0B;&#x8BBF;&#x95EE; API</h3>
<p>Kubernetes &#x652F;&#x6301; <a href="https://kubernetes.io/docs/tasks/access-application-cluster/access-cluster.md#go-client" target="_blank">Go</a> &#x548C; <a href="https://kubernetes.io/docs/tasks/access-application-cluster/access-cluster.md#python-client" target="_blank">Python</a> &#x5BA2;&#x6237;&#x7AEF;&#x5E93;&#x3002;</p>
<h4 id="go-&#x5BA2;&#x6237;&#x7AEF;">Go &#x5BA2;&#x6237;&#x7AEF;</h4>
<ul>
<li>&#x8981;&#x83B7;&#x53D6;&#x8BE5;&#x5E93;&#xFF0C;&#x8BF7;&#x8FD0;&#x884C;&#x4EE5;&#x4E0B;&#x547D;&#x4EE4;&#xFF1A;<code>go get k8s.io/client-go/&lt;version number&gt;/kubernetes</code> &#x8BF7;&#x53C2;&#x9605; <a href="https://github.com/kubernetes/client-go" target="_blank">https://github.com/kubernetes/client-go</a> &#x4EE5;&#x67E5;&#x770B;&#x652F;&#x6301;&#x54EA;&#x4E9B;&#x7248;&#x672C;&#x3002;</li>
<li>&#x4F7F;&#x7528; client-go &#x5BA2;&#x6237;&#x7AEF;&#x7F16;&#x7A0B;&#x3002;&#x8BF7;&#x6CE8;&#x610F;&#xFF0C;client-go &#x5B9A;&#x4E49;&#x4E86;&#x81EA;&#x5DF1;&#x7684; API &#x5BF9;&#x8C61;&#xFF0C;&#x56E0;&#x6B64;&#x5982;&#x679C;&#x9700;&#x8981;&#xFF0C;&#x8BF7;&#x4ECE; client-go &#x800C;&#x4E0D;&#x662F;&#x4ECE;&#x4E3B;&#x5B58;&#x50A8;&#x5E93;&#x5BFC;&#x5165; API &#x5B9A;&#x4E49;&#xFF0C;&#x4F8B;&#x5982;&#x5BFC;&#x5165; <code>k8s.io/client-go/1.4/pkg/api/v1</code> &#x662F;&#x6B63;&#x786E;&#x7684;&#x3002;</li>
</ul>
<p>Go &#x5BA2;&#x6237;&#x7AEF;&#x53EF;&#x4EE5;&#x4F7F;&#x7528;&#x4E0E; kubectl &#x547D;&#x4EE4;&#x884C;&#x5DE5;&#x5177;&#x76F8;&#x540C;&#x7684; <a href="https://kubernetes.io/docs/concepts/cluster-administration/authenticate-across-clusters-kubeconfig" target="_blank">kubeconfig &#x6587;&#x4EF6;</a> &#x6765;&#x5B9A;&#x4F4D;&#x548C;&#x9A8C;&#x8BC1; apiserver&#x3002;&#x53C2;&#x8003;&#x5B98;&#x65B9; <a href="https://git.k8s.io/client-go/examples/out-of-cluster-client-configuration/main.go" target="_blank">&#x793A;&#x4F8B;</a> &#x548C; <a href="../develop/client-go-sample.html">client-go &#x793A;&#x4F8B;</a>&#x3002;</p>
<p>&#x5982;&#x679C;&#x5E94;&#x7528;&#x7A0B;&#x5E8F;&#x5728;&#x7FA4;&#x96C6;&#x4E2D;&#x4EE5; Pod &#x7684;&#x5F62;&#x5F0F;&#x90E8;&#x7F72;&#xFF0C;&#x8BF7;&#x53C2;&#x8003; <a href="https://kubernetes.io/docs/tasks/access-application-cluster/access-cluster.md#accessing-the-api-from-a-pod" target="_blank">&#x4E0B;&#x4E00;&#x8282;</a>&#x3002;</p>
<h4 id="python-&#x5BA2;&#x6237;&#x7AEF;">Python &#x5BA2;&#x6237;&#x7AEF;</h4>
<p>&#x8981;&#x4F7F;&#x7528; <a href="https://github.com/kubernetes-incubator/client-python" target="_blank">Python client</a>&#xFF0C;&#x8BF7;&#x8FD0;&#x884C;&#x4EE5;&#x4E0B;&#x547D;&#x4EE4;&#xFF1A;<code>pip install kubernetes</code>&#x3002;&#x67E5;&#x770B; <a href="https://github.com/kubernetes-incubator/client-python" target="_blank">Python &#x5BA2;&#x6237;&#x7AEF;&#x5E93;&#x9875;&#x9762;</a> &#x83B7;&#x53D6;&#x66F4;&#x591A;&#x7684;&#x5B89;&#x88C5;&#x9009;&#x62E9;&#x3002;</p>
<p>Python &#x5BA2;&#x6237;&#x7AEF;&#x53EF;&#x4EE5;&#x4F7F;&#x7528;&#x4E0E; kubectl &#x547D;&#x4EE4;&#x884C;&#x5DE5;&#x5177;&#x76F8;&#x540C;&#x7684; <a href="https://kubernetes.io/docs/concepts/cluster-administration/authenticate-across-clusters-kubeconfig" target="_blank">kubeconfig &#x6587;&#x4EF6;</a> &#x6765;&#x5B9A;&#x4F4D;&#x548C;&#x9A8C;&#x8BC1; apiserver&#x3002;&#x53C2;&#x8003;&#x8BE5; <a href="https://github.com/kubernetes-incubator/client-python/tree/master/examples/example1.py" target="_blank">&#x793A;&#x4F8B;</a>&#x3002;</p>
<h4 id="&#x5176;&#x4ED6;&#x8BED;&#x8A00;">&#x5176;&#x4ED6;&#x8BED;&#x8A00;</h4>
<p>&#x8FD8;&#x6709;&#x66F4;&#x591A;&#x7684; <a href="https://git.k8s.io/community/contributors/devel/client-libraries.md" target="_blank">&#x5BA2;&#x6237;&#x7AEF;&#x5E93;</a> &#x53EF;&#x4EE5;&#x7528;&#x6765;&#x8BBF;&#x95EE; API&#x3002;&#x6709;&#x5173;&#x5176;&#x4ED6;&#x5E93;&#x7684;&#x9A8C;&#x8BC1;&#x65B9;&#x5F0F;&#xFF0C;&#x8BF7;&#x53C2;&#x9605;&#x6587;&#x6863;&#x3002;</p>
<h3 id="&#x5728;-pod-&#x4E2D;&#x8BBF;&#x95EE;-api">&#x5728; Pod &#x4E2D;&#x8BBF;&#x95EE; API</h3>
<p>&#x5728; Pod &#x4E2D;&#x8BBF;&#x95EE; API &#x65F6;&#xFF0C;&#x5B9A;&#x4F4D;&#x548C;&#x8BA4;&#x8BC1;&#x5230; API server &#x7684;&#x65B9;&#x5F0F;&#x6709;&#x6240;&#x4E0D;&#x540C;&#x3002;&#x5728; Pod &#x4E2D;&#x627E;&#x5230; apiserver &#x5730;&#x5740;&#x7684;&#x63A8;&#x8350;&#x65B9;&#x6CD5;&#x662F;&#x4F7F;&#x7528;kubernetes DNS &#x540D;&#x79F0;&#xFF0C;&#x5C06;&#x5B83;&#x89E3;&#x6790;&#x4E3A;&#x670D;&#x52A1; IP&#xFF0C;&#x540E;&#x8005;&#x53C8;&#x5C06;&#x88AB;&#x8DEF;&#x7531;&#x5230; apiserver&#x3002;</p>
<p>&#x5411; apiserver &#x8BA4;&#x8BC1;&#x7684;&#x63A8;&#x8350;&#x65B9;&#x6CD5;&#x662F;&#x4F7F;&#x7528; <a href="https://kubernetes.io/docs/user-guide/service-accounts" target="_blank">service account</a> &#x51ED;&#x636E;&#x3002;&#x901A;&#x8FC7; kube-system&#xFF0C;pod &#x4E0E; service account &#x76F8;&#x5173;&#x8054;&#xFF0C;&#x5E76;&#x4E14;&#x5C06;&#x8BE5; service account &#x7684;&#x51ED;&#x636E;&#xFF08;token&#xFF09;&#x653E;&#x5165;&#x8BE5; pod &#x4E2D;&#x6BCF;&#x4E2A;&#x5BB9;&#x5668;&#x7684;&#x6587;&#x4EF6;&#x7CFB;&#x7EDF;&#x6811;&#x4E2D;&#xFF0C;&#x4F4D;&#x4E8E; <code>/var/run/secrets/kubernetes.io/serviceaccount/token</code>&#x3002;</p>
<p>&#x5982;&#x679C;&#x53EF;&#x7528;&#xFF0C;&#x8BC1;&#x4E66;&#x5305;&#x5C06;&#x4F4D;&#x4E8E;&#x6BCF;&#x4E2A;&#x5BB9;&#x5668;&#x7684;&#x6587;&#x4EF6;&#x7CFB;&#x7EDF;&#x6811;&#x7684; <code>/var/run/secrets/kubernetes.io/serviceaccount/ca.crt</code> &#x4F4D;&#x7F6E;&#xFF0C;&#x5E76;&#x7528;&#x4E8E;&#x9A8C;&#x8BC1; apiserver &#x7684;&#x670D;&#x52A1;&#x8BC1;&#x4E66;&#x3002;</p>
<p>&#x6700;&#x540E;&#xFF0C;&#x7528;&#x4E8E; namespace API &#x64CD;&#x4F5C;&#x7684;&#x9ED8;&#x8BA4; namespace &#x653E;&#x5728;&#x6BCF;&#x4E2A;&#x5BB9;&#x5668;&#x4E2D;&#x7684; <code>/var/run/secrets/kubernetes.io/serviceaccount/namespace</code> &#x4E2D;&#x3002;</p>
<p>&#x5728; pod &#x4E2D;&#xFF0C;&#x8FDE;&#x63A5;&#x5230; API &#x7684;&#x63A8;&#x8350;&#x65B9;&#x6CD5;&#x662F;&#xFF1A;</p>
<ul>
<li><p>&#x5C06; kubectl proxy &#x4F5C;&#x4E3A; pod &#x4E2D;&#x7684;&#x4E00;&#x4E2A;&#x5BB9;&#x5668;&#x6765;&#x8FD0;&#x884C;&#xFF0C;&#x6216;&#x4F5C;&#x4E3A;&#x5728;&#x5BB9;&#x5668;&#x5185;&#x8FD0;&#x884C;&#x7684;&#x540E;&#x53F0;&#x8FDB;&#x7A0B;&#x3002;&#x5B83;&#x5C06; Kubernetes API &#x4EE3;&#x7406;&#x5230; pod &#x7684;&#x672C;&#x5730;&#x4E3B;&#x673A;&#x63A5;&#x53E3;&#xFF0C;&#x4EE5;&#x4FBF;&#x5176;&#x4ED6;&#x4EFB;&#x4F55; pod &#x4E2D;&#x7684;&#x5BB9;&#x5668;&#x5185;&#x7684;&#x8FDB;&#x7A0B;&#x90FD;&#x53EF;&#x4EE5;&#x8BBF;&#x95EE;&#x5B83;&#x3002;&#x8BF7;&#x53C2;&#x9605; <a href="https://github.com/kubernetes/kubernetes/tree/%7B%7Bpage.githubbranch%7D%7D/examples/kubectl-container/" target="_blank">&#x5728; pod &#x4E2D;&#x4F7F;&#x7528; kubectl proxy &#x7684;&#x793A;&#x4F8B;</a>&#x3002;</p>
</li>
<li><p>&#x4F7F;&#x7528; Go &#x5BA2;&#x6237;&#x7AEF;&#x5E93;&#xFF0C;&#x5E76;&#x4F7F;&#x7528; <code>rest.InClusterConfig()</code> &#x548C; <code>kubernetes.NewForConfig()</code> &#x51FD;&#x6570;&#x521B;&#x5EFA;&#x4E00;&#x4E2A;&#x5BA2;&#x6237;&#x7AEF;&#x3002;</p>
<p>&#x4ED6;&#x4EEC;&#x5904;&#x7406;&#x5BF9; apiserver &#x7684;&#x5B9A;&#x4F4D;&#x548C;&#x8BA4;&#x8BC1;&#x3002;<a href="https://git.k8s.io/client-go/examples/in-cluster-client-configuration/main.go" target="_blank">&#x793A;&#x4F8B;</a></p>
</li>
</ul>
<p>&#x5728;&#x4EE5;&#x4E0A;&#x7684;&#x51E0;&#x79CD;&#x60C5;&#x51B5;&#x4E0B;&#xFF0C;&#x90FD;&#x9700;&#x8981;&#x4F7F;&#x7528; pod &#x7684;&#x51ED;&#x636E;&#x4E0E; apiserver &#x8FDB;&#x884C;&#x5B89;&#x5168;&#x901A;&#x4FE1;&#x3002;</p>
<h2 id="&#x8BBF;&#x95EE;&#x96C6;&#x7FA4;&#x4E2D;&#x8FD0;&#x884C;&#x7684;-service">&#x8BBF;&#x95EE;&#x96C6;&#x7FA4;&#x4E2D;&#x8FD0;&#x884C;&#x7684; service</h2>
<p>&#x4E0A;&#x4E00;&#x8282;&#x662F;&#x5173;&#x4E8E;&#x8FDE;&#x63A5;&#x5230; kubernetes API server&#x3002;&#x8FD9;&#x4E00;&#x8282;&#x662F;&#x5173;&#x4E8E;&#x8FDE;&#x63A5;&#x5230; kubernetes &#x96C6;&#x7FA4;&#x4E2D;&#x8FD0;&#x884C;&#x7684; service&#x3002;&#x5728; Kubernetes &#x4E2D;&#xFF0C;<a href="https://kubernetes.io/docs/admin/node" target="_blank">node</a>&#x3001; <a href="https://kubernetes.io/docs/user-guide/pods" target="_blank">pod</a> &#x548C; <a href="https://kubernetes.io/docs/user-guide/services" target="_blank">services</a> &#x90FD;&#x6709;&#x5B83;&#x4EEC;&#x81EA;&#x5DF1;&#x7684; IP&#x3002;&#x5F88;&#x591A;&#x60C5;&#x51B5;&#x4E0B;&#xFF0C;&#x96C6;&#x7FA4;&#x4E2D; node &#x7684; IP&#x3001;Pod &#x7684; IP&#x3001;service &#x7684; IP &#x90FD;&#x662F;&#x4E0D;&#x53EF;&#x8DEF;&#x7531;&#x7684;&#xFF0C;&#x56E0;&#x6B64;&#x5728;&#x96C6;&#x7FA4;&#x5916;&#x9762;&#x7684;&#x673A;&#x5668;&#x5C31;&#x65E0;&#x6CD5;&#x8BBF;&#x95EE;&#x5230;&#x5B83;&#x4EEC;&#xFF0C;&#x4F8B;&#x5982;&#x4ECE;&#x60A8;&#x81EA;&#x5DF1;&#x7684;&#x7B14;&#x8BB0;&#x672C;&#x7535;&#x8111;&#x3002;</p>
<h3 id="&#x8FDE;&#x63A5;&#x7684;&#x65B9;&#x5F0F;">&#x8FDE;&#x63A5;&#x7684;&#x65B9;&#x5F0F;</h3>
<p>&#x60A8;&#x53EF;&#x4EE5;&#x9009;&#x62E9;&#x4EE5;&#x4E0B;&#x51E0;&#x79CD;&#x65B9;&#x5F0F;&#x4ECE;&#x96C6;&#x7FA4;&#x5916;&#x90E8;&#x8FDE;&#x63A5;&#x5230; node&#x3001;pod &#x548C; service&#xFF1A;</p>
<ul>
<li>&#x901A;&#x8FC7; public IP &#x8BBF;&#x95EE; service&#x3002;<ul>
<li>&#x4F7F;&#x7528; <code>NodePort</code> &#x548C; <code>LoadBalancer</code> &#x7C7B;&#x578B;&#x7684; service&#xFF0C;&#x4EE5;&#x4F7F; service &#x80FD;&#x591F;&#x5728;&#x96C6;&#x7FA4;&#x5916;&#x90E8;&#x88AB;&#x8BBF;&#x95EE;&#x5230;&#x3002;&#x8BF7;&#x67E5;&#x770B; <a href="https://kubernetes.io/docs/user-guide/services" target="_blank">service</a> &#x548C; <a href="https://kubernetes.io/docs/user-guide/kubectl/v1.6/#expose" target="_blank">kubectl expose</a> &#x6587;&#x6863;&#x3002;</li>
<li>&#x6839;&#x636E;&#x60A8;&#x7684;&#x7FA4;&#x96C6;&#x73AF;&#x5883;&#xFF0C;&#x8FD9;&#x53EF;&#x80FD;&#x4F1A;&#x5C06;&#x670D;&#x52A1;&#x66B4;&#x9732;&#x7ED9;&#x60A8;&#x7684;&#x516C;&#x53F8;&#x7F51;&#x7EDC;&#xFF0C;&#x6216;&#x8005;&#x53EF;&#x80FD;&#x4F1A;&#x5C06;&#x5176;&#x66B4;&#x9732;&#x5728;&#x4E92;&#x8054;&#x7F51;&#x4E0A;&#x3002;&#x60F3;&#x60F3;&#x66B4;&#x9732;&#x7684;&#x670D;&#x52A1;&#x662F;&#x5426;&#x5B89;&#x5168;&#x3002;&#x5B83;&#x662F;&#x5426;&#x81EA;&#x5DF1;&#x8FDB;&#x884C;&#x8EAB;&#x4EFD;&#x9A8C;&#x8BC1;&#xFF1F;</li>
<li>&#x5C06; pod &#x653E;&#x5728;&#x670D;&#x52A1;&#x540E;&#x9762;&#x3002; &#x8981;&#x4ECE;&#x4E00;&#x7EC4;&#x526F;&#x672C;&#xFF08;&#x4F8B;&#x5982;&#x4E3A;&#x4E86;&#x8C03;&#x8BD5;&#xFF09;&#x8BBF;&#x95EE;&#x4E00;&#x4E2A;&#x7279;&#x5B9A;&#x7684; pod&#xFF0C;&#x8BF7;&#x5728; pod &#x4E0A;&#x653E;&#x7F6E;&#x4E00;&#x4E2A;&#x552F;&#x4E00;&#x7684; label&#xFF0C;&#x5E76;&#x521B;&#x5EFA;&#x4E00;&#x4E2A;&#x9009;&#x62E9;&#x8BE5; label &#x7684;&#x65B0;&#x670D;&#x52A1;&#x3002;</li>
<li>&#x5728;&#x5927;&#x591A;&#x6570;&#x60C5;&#x51B5;&#x4E0B;&#xFF0C;&#x5E94;&#x7528;&#x7A0B;&#x5E8F;&#x5F00;&#x53D1;&#x4EBA;&#x5458;&#x4E0D;&#x9700;&#x8981;&#x901A;&#x8FC7; node IP &#x76F4;&#x63A5;&#x8BBF;&#x95EE;&#x8282;&#x70B9;&#x3002;</li>
</ul>
</li>
<li>&#x901A;&#x8FC7; Proxy &#x89C4;&#x5219;&#x8BBF;&#x95EE; service&#x3001;node&#x3001;pod&#x3002;<ul>
<li>&#x5728;&#x8BBF;&#x95EE;&#x8FDC;&#x7A0B;&#x670D;&#x52A1;&#x4E4B;&#x524D;&#xFF0C;&#x8BF7;&#x6267;&#x884C; apiserver &#x8BA4;&#x8BC1;&#x548C;&#x6388;&#x6743;&#x3002; &#x5982;&#x679C;&#x670D;&#x52A1;&#x4E0D;&#x591F;&#x5B89;&#x5168;&#xFF0C;&#x65E0;&#x6CD5;&#x66B4;&#x9732;&#x7ED9;&#x4E92;&#x8054;&#x7F51;&#xFF0C;&#x6216;&#x8005;&#x4E3A;&#x4E86;&#x8BBF;&#x95EE;&#x8282;&#x70B9; IP &#x4E0A;&#x7684;&#x7AEF;&#x53E3;&#x6216;&#x8FDB;&#x884C;&#x8C03;&#x8BD5;&#xFF0C;&#x8BF7;&#x4F7F;&#x7528;&#x8FD9;&#x79CD;&#x65B9;&#x5F0F;&#x3002;</li>
<li>&#x4EE3;&#x7406;&#x53EF;&#x80FD;&#x4F1A;&#x5BFC;&#x81F4;&#x67D0;&#x4E9B; Web &#x5E94;&#x7528;&#x7A0B;&#x5E8F;&#x51FA;&#x73B0;&#x95EE;&#x9898;&#x3002;</li>
<li>&#x4EC5;&#x9002;&#x7528;&#x4E8E; HTTP/HTTPS&#x3002;</li>
<li><a href="https://kubernetes.io/docs/tasks/access-application-cluster/access-cluster.md#manually-constructing-apiserver-proxy-urls" target="_blank">&#x89C1;&#x6B64;&#x63CF;&#x8FF0;</a>&#x3002;</li>
</ul>
</li>
<li>&#x5728;&#x96C6;&#x7FA4;&#x5185;&#x8BBF;&#x95EE; node &#x548C; pod&#x3002;<ul>
<li>&#x8FD0;&#x884C;&#x4E00;&#x4E2A; pod&#xFF0C;&#x7136;&#x540E;&#x4F7F;&#x7528; <a href="https://kubernetes.io/docs/user-guide/kubectl/v1.6/#exec" target="_blank">kubectl exec</a> &#x547D;&#x4EE4;&#x8FDE;&#x63A5;&#x5230; shell&#x3002;&#x4ECE;&#x8BE5; shell &#x4E2D;&#x8FDE;&#x63A5;&#x5230;&#x5176;&#x4ED6; node&#x3001;pod &#x548C; service&#x3002;</li>
<li>&#x6709;&#x4E9B;&#x96C6;&#x7FA4;&#x53EF;&#x80FD;&#x5141;&#x8BB8; ssh &#x5230;&#x96C6;&#x7FA4;&#x4E0A;&#x7684;&#x67D0;&#x4E2A;&#x8282;&#x70B9;&#x3002; &#x4ECE;&#x90A3;&#x4E2A;&#x8282;&#x70B9;&#x60A8;&#x53EF;&#x4EE5;&#x8BBF;&#x95EE;&#x5230;&#x96C6;&#x7FA4;&#x4E2D;&#x7684;&#x670D;&#x52A1;&#x3002;&#x8FD9;&#x662F;&#x4E00;&#x4E2A;&#x975E;&#x6807;&#x51C6;&#x7684;&#x65B9;&#x6CD5;&#xFF0C;&#x5B83;&#x53EF;&#x80FD;&#x5C06;&#x5728;&#x67D0;&#x4E9B;&#x96C6;&#x7FA4;&#x4E0A;&#x594F;&#x6548;&#xFF0C;&#x800C;&#x5728;&#x67D0;&#x4E9B;&#x96C6;&#x7FA4;&#x4E0D;&#x884C;&#x3002;&#x8FD9;&#x4E9B;&#x8282;&#x70B9;&#x4E0A;&#x53EF;&#x80FD;&#x5B89;&#x88C5;&#x4E86;&#x6D4F;&#x89C8;&#x5668;&#x548C;&#x5176;&#x4ED6;&#x5DE5;&#x5177;&#x4E5F;&#x53EF;&#x80FD;&#x6CA1;&#x6709;&#x3002;&#x7FA4;&#x96C6; DNS &#x53EF;&#x80FD;&#x65E0;&#x6CD5;&#x6B63;&#x5E38;&#x5DE5;&#x4F5C;&#x3002;</li>
</ul>
</li>
</ul>
<h3 id="&#x8BBF;&#x95EE;&#x5185;&#x7F6E;&#x670D;&#x52A1;">&#x8BBF;&#x95EE;&#x5185;&#x7F6E;&#x670D;&#x52A1;</h3>
<p>&#x901A;&#x5E38;&#x96C6;&#x7FA4;&#x5185;&#x4F1A;&#x6709;&#x51E0;&#x4E2A;&#x5728; kube-system &#x4E2D;&#x542F;&#x52A8;&#x7684;&#x670D;&#x52A1;&#x3002;&#x4F7F;&#x7528; <code>kubectl cluster-info</code> &#x547D;&#x4EE4;&#x83B7;&#x53D6;&#x8BE5;&#x5217;&#x8868;&#xFF1A;</p>
<pre><code class="lang-bash">$ kubectl cluster-info
Kubernetes master is running at https://104.197.5.247
elasticsearch-logging is running at https://104.197.5.247/api/v1/namespaces/kube-system/services/elasticsearch-logging/proxy
kibana-logging is running at https://104.197.5.247/api/v1/namespaces/kube-system/services/kibana-logging/proxy
kube-dns is running at https://104.197.5.247/api/v1/namespaces/kube-system/services/kube-dns/proxy
grafana is running at https://104.197.5.247/api/v1/namespaces/kube-system/services/monitoring-grafana/proxy
heapster is running at https://104.197.5.247/api/v1/namespaces/kube-system/services/monitoring-heapster/proxy
</code></pre>
<p>&#x8FD9;&#x663E;&#x793A;&#x4E86;&#x8BBF;&#x95EE;&#x6BCF;&#x4E2A;&#x670D;&#x52A1;&#x7684;&#x4EE3;&#x7406; URL&#x3002;</p>
<p>&#x4F8B;&#x5982;&#xFF0C;&#x6B64;&#x96C6;&#x7FA4;&#x542F;&#x7528;&#x4E86;&#x96C6;&#x7FA4;&#x7EA7;&#x65E5;&#x5FD7;&#x8BB0;&#x5F55;&#xFF08;&#x4F7F;&#x7528;Elasticsearch&#xFF09;&#xFF0C;&#x5982;&#x679C;&#x4F20;&#x5165;&#x5408;&#x9002;&#x7684;&#x51ED;&#x636E;&#xFF0C;&#x53EF;&#x4EE5;&#x5728;&#x8BE5;&#x5730;&#x5740; <code>https://104.197.5.247/api/v1/namespaces/kube-system/services/elasticsearch-logging/proxy/</code> &#x8BBF;&#x95EE;&#x5230;&#xFF0C;&#x6216;&#x901A;&#x8FC7; kubectl &#x4EE3;&#x7406;&#xFF0C;&#x4F8B;&#x5982;&#xFF1A;<code>http://localhost:8080/api/v1/namespaces/kube-system/services/elasticsearch-logging/proxy/</code>&#x3002;</p>
<p>&#xFF08;&#x6709;&#x5173;&#x5982;&#x4F55;&#x4F20;&#x9012;&#x51ED;&#x636E;&#x548C;&#x4F7F;&#x7528; kubectl &#x4EE3;&#x7406;&#xFF0C;&#x8BF7; <a href="https://kubernetes.io/docs/tasks/access-application-cluster/access-cluster.md#accessing-the-cluster-api" target="_blank">&#x53C2;&#x9605;&#x4E0A;&#x6587;</a>&#xFF09;</p>
<h4 id="&#x624B;&#x52A8;&#x6784;&#x5EFA;-apiserver-&#x4EE3;&#x7406;-url">&#x624B;&#x52A8;&#x6784;&#x5EFA; apiserver &#x4EE3;&#x7406; URL</h4>
<p>&#x5982;&#x4E0A;&#x6240;&#x8FF0;&#xFF0C;&#x60A8;&#x53EF;&#x4EE5;&#x4F7F;&#x7528; <code>kubectl cluster-info</code> &#x547D;&#x4EE4;&#x6765;&#x68C0;&#x7D22;&#x670D;&#x52A1;&#x7684;&#x4EE3;&#x7406; URL&#x3002;&#x8981;&#x521B;&#x5EFA;&#x5305;&#x542B;&#x670D;&#x52A1;&#x7AEF;&#x70B9;&#x3001;&#x540E;&#x7F00;&#x548C;&#x53C2;&#x6570;&#x7684;&#x4EE3;&#x7406; URL&#xFF0C;&#x60A8;&#x53EA;&#x9700;&#x9644;&#x52A0;&#x5230;&#x670D;&#x52A1;&#x7684;&#x4EE3;&#x7406;URL&#xFF1A;</p>
<p><code>http://</code><em>kubernetes_master_address</em><code>/api/v1/namespaces/</code><em>namespace_name</em><code>/services/</code><em>service_name[:port_name]</em><code>/proxy</code></p>
<p>&#x5982;&#x679C;&#x60A8;&#x6CA1;&#x6709;&#x6307;&#x5B9A; port &#x7684;&#x540D;&#x5B57;&#xFF0C;&#x90A3;&#x4E48;&#x60A8;&#x4E0D;&#x5FC5;&#x5728; URL &#x91CC;&#x6307;&#x5B9A; port_name&#x3002;</p>
<h5 id="&#x793A;&#x4F8B;">&#x793A;&#x4F8B;</h5>
<ul>
<li>&#x8981;&#x60F3;&#x8BBF;&#x95EE; Elasticsearch &#x7684;&#x670D;&#x52A1;&#x7AEF;&#x70B9; <code>_search?q=user:kimchy</code>&#xFF0C;&#x60A8;&#x9700;&#x8981;&#x4F7F;&#x7528;&#xFF1A;<code>http://104.197.5.247/api/v1/namespaces/kube-system/services/elasticsearch-logging/proxy/_search?q=user:kimchy</code></li>
<li>&#x8981;&#x60F3;&#x8BBF;&#x95EE; Elasticsearch &#x7684;&#x96C6;&#x7FA4;&#x5065;&#x5EB7;&#x4FE1;&#x606F; <code>_cluster/health?pretty=true</code>&#xFF0C;&#x60A8;&#x9700;&#x8981;&#x4F7F;&#x7528;&#xFF1A;<code>https://104.197.5.247/api/v1/namespaces/kube-system/services/elasticsearch-logging/proxy/_cluster/health?pretty=true</code></li>
</ul>
<pre><code class="lang-json"> {
<span class="hljs-string">&quot;cluster_name&quot;</span> : <span class="hljs-string">&quot;kubernetes_logging&quot;</span>,
<span class="hljs-string">&quot;status&quot;</span> : <span class="hljs-string">&quot;yellow&quot;</span>,
<span class="hljs-string">&quot;timed_out&quot;</span> : <span class="hljs-literal">false</span>,
<span class="hljs-string">&quot;number_of_nodes&quot;</span> : <span class="hljs-number">1</span>,
<span class="hljs-string">&quot;number_of_data_nodes&quot;</span> : <span class="hljs-number">1</span>,
<span class="hljs-string">&quot;active_primary_shards&quot;</span> : <span class="hljs-number">5</span>,
<span class="hljs-string">&quot;active_shards&quot;</span> : <span class="hljs-number">5</span>,
<span class="hljs-string">&quot;relocating_shards&quot;</span> : <span class="hljs-number">0</span>,
<span class="hljs-string">&quot;initializing_shards&quot;</span> : <span class="hljs-number">0</span>,
<span class="hljs-string">&quot;unassigned_shards&quot;</span> : <span class="hljs-number">5</span>
}
</code></pre>
<h4 id="&#x4F7F;&#x7528;-web-&#x6D4F;&#x89C8;&#x5668;&#x6765;&#x8BBF;&#x95EE;&#x96C6;&#x7FA4;&#x4E2D;&#x8FD0;&#x884C;&#x7684;&#x670D;&#x52A1;">&#x4F7F;&#x7528; web &#x6D4F;&#x89C8;&#x5668;&#x6765;&#x8BBF;&#x95EE;&#x96C6;&#x7FA4;&#x4E2D;&#x8FD0;&#x884C;&#x7684;&#x670D;&#x52A1;</h4>
<p>&#x60A8;&#x53EF;&#x4EE5;&#x5C06; apiserver &#x4EE3;&#x7406;&#x7F51;&#x5740;&#x653E;&#x5728;&#x6D4F;&#x89C8;&#x5668;&#x7684;&#x5730;&#x5740;&#x680F;&#x4E2D;&#x3002; &#x7136;&#x800C;&#xFF1A;</p>
<ul>
<li>Web &#x6D4F;&#x89C8;&#x5668;&#x901A;&#x5E38;&#x4E0D;&#x80FD;&#x4F20;&#x9012; token&#xFF0C;&#x56E0;&#x6B64;&#x60A8;&#x53EF;&#x80FD;&#x9700;&#x8981;&#x4F7F;&#x7528;&#x57FA;&#x672C;&#xFF08;&#x5BC6;&#x7801;&#xFF09;&#x8BA4;&#x8BC1;&#x3002; Apiserver &#x53EF;&#x4EE5;&#x914D;&#x7F6E;&#x4E3A;&#x63A5;&#x53D7;&#x57FA;&#x672C;&#x8BA4;&#x8BC1;&#xFF0C;&#x4F46;&#x60A8;&#x7684;&#x96C6;&#x7FA4;&#x53EF;&#x80FD;&#x672A;&#x914D;&#x7F6E;&#x4E3A;&#x63A5;&#x53D7;&#x57FA;&#x672C;&#x8BA4;&#x8BC1;&#x3002;</li>
<li>&#x67D0;&#x4E9B;&#x7F51;&#x7EDC;&#x5E94;&#x7528;&#x7A0B;&#x5E8F;&#x53EF;&#x80FD;&#x65E0;&#x6CD5;&#x6B63;&#x5E38;&#x5DE5;&#x4F5C;&#xFF0C;&#x7279;&#x522B;&#x662F;&#x90A3;&#x4E9B;&#x5728;&#x4E0D;&#x77E5;&#x9053;&#x4EE3;&#x7406;&#x8DEF;&#x5F84;&#x524D;&#x7F00;&#x7684;&#x60C5;&#x51B5;&#x4E0B;&#x6784;&#x9020; URL &#x7684;&#x5BA2;&#x6237;&#x7AEF; JavaScript&#x3002;</li>
</ul>
<h2 id="&#x8BF7;&#x6C42;&#x91CD;&#x5B9A;&#x5411;">&#x8BF7;&#x6C42;&#x91CD;&#x5B9A;&#x5411;</h2>
<p>&#x91CD;&#x5B9A;&#x5411;&#x529F;&#x80FD;&#x5DF2;&#x88AB;&#x5F03;&#x7528;&#x548C;&#x5220;&#x9664;&#x3002; &#x8BF7;&#x6539;&#x7528;&#x4EE3;&#x7406;&#xFF08;&#x89C1;&#x4E0B;&#x6587;&#xFF09;&#x3002;</p>
<h2 id="&#x591A;&#x79CD;&#x4EE3;&#x7406;">&#x591A;&#x79CD;&#x4EE3;&#x7406;</h2>
<p>&#x5728;&#x4F7F;&#x7528; kubernetes &#x7684;&#x65F6;&#x5019;&#x60A8;&#x53EF;&#x80FD;&#x4F1A;&#x9047;&#x5230;&#x8BB8;&#x591A;&#x79CD;&#x4E0D;&#x540C;&#x7684;&#x4EE3;&#x7406;&#xFF1A;</p>
<ol>
<li><a href="https://kubernetes.io/docs/tasks/access-application-cluster/access-cluster.md#directly-accessing-the-rest-api" target="_blank">kubectl &#x4EE3;&#x7406;</a>&#xFF1A;<ul>
<li>&#x5728;&#x7528;&#x6237;&#x684C;&#x9762;&#x6216; pod &#x4E2D;&#x8FD0;&#x884C;</li>
<li>&#x4ECE; localhost &#x5730;&#x5740;&#x5230; Kubernetes apiserver &#x7684;&#x4EE3;&#x7406;</li>
<li>&#x5BA2;&#x6237;&#x7AEF;&#x5230;&#x4EE3;&#x7406;&#x4F7F;&#x7528; HTTP</li>
<li>apiserver &#x7684;&#x4EE3;&#x7406;&#x4F7F;&#x7528; HTTPS</li>
<li>&#x5B9A;&#x4F4D; apiserver</li>
<li>&#x6DFB;&#x52A0;&#x8EAB;&#x4EFD;&#x9A8C;&#x8BC1; header</li>
</ul>
</li>
<li><a href="https://kubernetes.io/docs/tasks/access-application-cluster/access-cluster.md#discovering-builtin-services" target="_blank">apiserver &#x4EE3;&#x7406;</a>&#xFF1A;<ul>
<li>&#x5C06;&#x4E00;&#x4E2A;&#x5821;&#x5792;&#x673A;&#x4F5C;&#x4E3A; apiserver</li>
<li>&#x5C06;&#x7FA4;&#x96C6;&#x4E4B;&#x5916;&#x7684;&#x7528;&#x6237;&#x8FDE;&#x63A5;&#x5230;&#x7FA4;&#x96C6;IP&#xFF0C;&#x5426;&#x5219;&#x53EF;&#x80FD;&#x65E0;&#x6CD5;&#x8BBF;&#x95EE;</li>
<li>&#x5728; apiserver &#x8FDB;&#x7A0B;&#x4E2D;&#x8FD0;&#x884C;</li>
<li>&#x5BA2;&#x6237;&#x7AEF;&#x5230;&#x4EE3;&#x7406;&#x4F7F;&#x7528; HTTPS&#xFF08;&#x6216; http&#xFF0C;&#x5982;&#x679C; apiserver &#x5982;&#x6B64;&#x914D;&#x7F6E;&#xFF09;</li>
<li>&#x6839;&#x636E;&#x4EE3;&#x7406;&#x76EE;&#x6807;&#x7684;&#x53EF;&#x7528;&#x4FE1;&#x606F;&#x7531;&#x4EE3;&#x7406;&#x9009;&#x62E9;&#x4F7F;&#x7528; HTTP &#x6216; HTTPS</li>
<li>&#x53EF;&#x7528;&#x4E8E;&#x8BBF;&#x95EE; node&#x3001;pod &#x6216; service</li>
<li>&#x7528;&#x4E8E;&#x8BBF;&#x95EE; service &#x65F6;&#x8FDB;&#x884C;&#x8D1F;&#x8F7D;&#x5747;&#x8861;</li>
</ul>
</li>
<li><a href="https://kubernetes.io/docs/user-guide/services/#ips-and-vips" target="_blank">kube &#x4EE3;&#x7406;</a>&#xFF1A;<ul>
<li>&#x5728;&#x6BCF;&#x4E2A;&#x8282;&#x70B9;&#x4E0A;&#x8FD0;&#x884C;</li>
<li>&#x4EE3;&#x7406; UDP &#x548C; TCP</li>
<li>&#x4E0D;&#x652F;&#x6301; HTTP</li>
<li>&#x63D0;&#x4F9B;&#x8D1F;&#x8F7D;&#x5747;&#x8861;</li>
<li>&#x53EA;&#x662F;&#x7528;&#x6765;&#x8BBF;&#x95EE; service</li>
</ul>
</li>
<li>apiserver &#x524D;&#x9762;&#x7684;&#x4EE3;&#x7406;/&#x8D1F;&#x8F7D;&#x5747;&#x8861;&#x5668;&#xFF1A;<ul>
<li>&#x5B58;&#x5728;&#x548C;&#x5B9E;&#x73B0;&#x56E0;&#x7FA4;&#x96C6;&#x800C;&#x5F02;&#xFF08;&#x4F8B;&#x5982; nginx&#xFF09;</li>
<li>&#x4F4D;&#x4E8E;&#x6240;&#x6709;&#x5BA2;&#x6237;&#x7AEF;&#x548C;&#x4E00;&#x4E2A;&#x6216;&#x591A;&#x4E2A; apiserver &#x4E4B;&#x95F4;</li>
<li>&#x4F5C;&#x4E3A;&#x8D1F;&#x8F7D;&#x5747;&#x8861;&#x5668;&#xFF0C;&#x5982;&#x679C;&#x6709;&#x591A;&#x4E2A; apiserver</li>
</ul>
</li>
<li>&#x5916;&#x90E8;&#x670D;&#x52A1;&#x7684;&#x4E91;&#x8D1F;&#x8F7D;&#x5747;&#x8861;&#x5668;&#xFF1A;<ul>
<li>&#x7531;&#x4E00;&#x4E9B;&#x4E91;&#x63D0;&#x4F9B;&#x5546;&#x63D0;&#x4F9B;&#xFF08;&#x4F8B;&#x5982; AWS ELB&#xFF0C;Google Cloud Load Balancer&#xFF09;</li>
<li>&#x5F53; Kubernetes service &#x7C7B;&#x578B;&#x4E3A; LoadBalancer &#x65F6;&#xFF0C;&#x4F1A;&#x81EA;&#x52A8;&#x521B;&#x5EFA;</li>
<li>&#x4EC5;&#x4F7F;&#x7528; UDP/TCP</li>
<li>&#x5B9E;&#x65BD;&#x65B9;&#x5F0F;&#x56E0;&#x4E91;&#x63D0;&#x4F9B;&#x5546;&#x800C;&#x5F02; </li>
</ul>
</li>
</ol>
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