1859 lines
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HTML
1859 lines
88 KiB
HTML
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<!DOCTYPE HTML>
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<meta charset="UTF-8">
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<meta content="text/html; charset=utf-8" http-equiv="Content-Type">
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<title>3.2.2 docker用户过度到kubectl命令行指南 · Kubernetes Handbook</title>
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<meta name="generator" content="GitBook 3.2.2">
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<meta name="author" content="Jimmy Song">
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<a href="../">
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1. 前言
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</a>
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<a href="../concepts/">
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2. 概念原理
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</a>
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<ul class="articles">
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<li class="chapter " data-level="1.2.1" data-path="../concepts/concepts.html">
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<a href="../concepts/concepts.html">
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2.1 设计理念
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</a>
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</li>
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<li class="chapter " data-level="1.2.2" data-path="../concepts/objects.html">
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<a href="../concepts/objects.html">
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2.2 Objects
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</a>
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<ul class="articles">
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<li class="chapter " data-level="1.2.2.1" data-path="../concepts/pod-overview.html">
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<a href="../concepts/pod-overview.html">
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2.2.1 Pod
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</a>
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<ul class="articles">
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<li class="chapter " data-level="1.2.2.1.1" data-path="../concepts/pod.html">
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<a href="../concepts/pod.html">
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2.2.1.1 Pod解析
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</a>
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</li>
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<li class="chapter " data-level="1.2.2.1.2" data-path="../concepts/init-containers.html">
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<a href="../concepts/init-containers.html">
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2.2.1.2 Init容器
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</a>
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</li>
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<li class="chapter " data-level="1.2.2.1.3" data-path="../concepts/pod-security-policy.html">
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<a href="../concepts/pod-security-policy.html">
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2.2.1.3 Pod安全策略
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</a>
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</li>
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</ul>
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</li>
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<li class="chapter " data-level="1.2.2.2" data-path="../concepts/node.html">
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<a href="../concepts/node.html">
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2.2.2 Node
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</a>
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</li>
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<li class="chapter " data-level="1.2.2.3" data-path="../concepts/namespace.html">
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<a href="../concepts/namespace.html">
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2.2.3 Namespace
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</a>
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</li>
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<li class="chapter " data-level="1.2.2.4" data-path="../concepts/service.html">
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<a href="../concepts/service.html">
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2.2.4 Service
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</a>
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</li>
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<li class="chapter " data-level="1.2.2.5" data-path="../concepts/volume.html">
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<a href="../concepts/volume.html">
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2.2.5 Volume和Persistent Volume
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</a>
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</li>
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<li class="chapter " data-level="1.2.2.6" data-path="../concepts/deployment.html">
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<a href="../concepts/deployment.html">
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2.2.6 Deployment
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</a>
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</li>
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<li class="chapter " data-level="1.2.2.7" data-path="../concepts/secret.html">
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<a href="../concepts/secret.html">
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2.2.7 Secret
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</a>
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</li>
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<li class="chapter " data-level="1.2.2.8" data-path="../concepts/statefulset.html">
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<a href="../concepts/statefulset.html">
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2.2.8 StatefulSet
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</a>
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</li>
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<li class="chapter " data-level="1.2.2.9" data-path="../concepts/daemonset.html">
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<a href="../concepts/daemonset.html">
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2.2.9 DaemonSet
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</a>
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</li>
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<li class="chapter " data-level="1.2.2.10" data-path="../concepts/serviceaccount.html">
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<a href="../concepts/serviceaccount.html">
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2.2.10 ServiceAccount
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</a>
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</li>
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<li class="chapter " data-level="1.2.2.11" data-path="../concepts/replicaset.html">
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<a href="../concepts/replicaset.html">
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2.2.11 ReplicationController和ReplicaSet
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</a>
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<li class="chapter " data-level="1.2.2.12" data-path="../concepts/job.html">
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<a href="../concepts/job.html">
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2.2.12 Job
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</a>
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</li>
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<li class="chapter " data-level="1.2.2.13" data-path="../concepts/cronjob.html">
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<a href="../concepts/cronjob.html">
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2.2.13 CronJob
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</a>
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</li>
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<li class="chapter " data-level="1.2.2.14" data-path="../concepts/ingress.html">
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<a href="../concepts/ingress.html">
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2.2.14 Ingress
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</a>
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</li>
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<li class="chapter " data-level="1.2.2.15" data-path="../concepts/configmap.html">
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<a href="../concepts/configmap.html">
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2.2.15 ConfigMap
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</a>
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</li>
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<li class="chapter " data-level="1.2.2.16" data-path="../concepts/horizontal-pod-autoscaling.html">
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<a href="../concepts/horizontal-pod-autoscaling.html">
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2.2.16 Horizontal Pod Autoscaling
|
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</a>
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</li>
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<li class="chapter " data-level="1.2.2.17" data-path="../concepts/label.html">
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<a href="../concepts/label.html">
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2.2.17 Label
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</a>
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</li>
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<li class="chapter " data-level="1.2.2.18" data-path="../concepts/garbage-collection.html">
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<a href="../concepts/garbage-collection.html">
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2.2.18 垃圾收集
|
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</a>
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</li>
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<li class="chapter " data-level="1.2.2.19" data-path="../concepts/network-policy.html">
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<a href="../concepts/network-policy.html">
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2.2.19 NetworkPolicy
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</a>
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</ul>
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</ul>
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</li>
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<li class="chapter " data-level="1.3" data-path="./">
|
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<a href="./">
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3. 用户指南
|
||
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</a>
|
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<ul class="articles">
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|
||
|
|
<li class="chapter " data-level="1.3.1" data-path="resource-configuration.html">
|
||
|
|
|
||
|
|
<a href="resource-configuration.html">
|
||
|
|
|
||
|
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|
||
|
|
3.1 资源配置
|
||
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|
||
|
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</a>
|
||
|
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|
||
|
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|
||
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|
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|
|
<ul class="articles">
|
||
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|
||
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|
||
|
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<li class="chapter " data-level="1.3.1.1" data-path="configure-liveness-readiness-probes.html">
|
||
|
|
|
||
|
|
<a href="configure-liveness-readiness-probes.html">
|
||
|
|
|
||
|
|
|
||
|
|
3.1.1 配置Pod的liveness和readiness探针
|
||
|
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|
||
|
|
</a>
|
||
|
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|
||
|
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|
||
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|
||
|
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</li>
|
||
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|
||
|
|
<li class="chapter " data-level="1.3.1.2" data-path="configure-pod-service-account.html">
|
||
|
|
|
||
|
|
<a href="configure-pod-service-account.html">
|
||
|
|
|
||
|
|
|
||
|
|
3.1.2 配置Pod的Service Account
|
||
|
|
|
||
|
|
</a>
|
||
|
|
|
||
|
|
|
||
|
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|
||
|
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</li>
|
||
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|
||
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|
||
|
|
</ul>
|
||
|
|
|
||
|
|
</li>
|
||
|
|
|
||
|
|
<li class="chapter " data-level="1.3.2" data-path="command-usage.html">
|
||
|
|
|
||
|
|
<a href="command-usage.html">
|
||
|
|
|
||
|
|
|
||
|
|
3.2 命令使用
|
||
|
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|
||
|
|
</a>
|
||
|
|
|
||
|
|
|
||
|
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|
||
|
|
<ul class="articles">
|
||
|
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|
||
|
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|
||
|
|
<li class="chapter " data-level="1.3.2.1" data-path="using-kubectl.html">
|
||
|
|
|
||
|
|
<a href="using-kubectl.html">
|
||
|
|
|
||
|
|
|
||
|
|
3.2.1 使用kubectl
|
||
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|
||
|
|
</a>
|
||
|
|
|
||
|
|
|
||
|
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|
||
|
|
</li>
|
||
|
|
|
||
|
|
<li class="chapter active" data-level="1.3.2.2" data-path="docker-cli-to-kubectl.html">
|
||
|
|
|
||
|
|
<a href="docker-cli-to-kubectl.html">
|
||
|
|
|
||
|
|
|
||
|
|
3.2.2 docker用户过度到kubectl命令行指南
|
||
|
|
|
||
|
|
</a>
|
||
|
|
|
||
|
|
|
||
|
|
|
||
|
|
</li>
|
||
|
|
|
||
|
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|
||
|
|
</ul>
|
||
|
|
|
||
|
|
</li>
|
||
|
|
|
||
|
|
<li class="chapter " data-level="1.3.3" data-path="cluster-security-management.html">
|
||
|
|
|
||
|
|
<a href="cluster-security-management.html">
|
||
|
|
|
||
|
|
|
||
|
|
3.3 集群安全性管理
|
||
|
|
|
||
|
|
</a>
|
||
|
|
|
||
|
|
|
||
|
|
|
||
|
|
<ul class="articles">
|
||
|
|
|
||
|
|
|
||
|
|
<li class="chapter " data-level="1.3.3.1" data-path="managing-tls-in-a-cluster.html">
|
||
|
|
|
||
|
|
<a href="managing-tls-in-a-cluster.html">
|
||
|
|
|
||
|
|
|
||
|
|
3.3.1 管理集群中的TLS
|
||
|
|
|
||
|
|
</a>
|
||
|
|
|
||
|
|
|
||
|
|
|
||
|
|
</li>
|
||
|
|
|
||
|
|
<li class="chapter " data-level="1.3.3.2" data-path="kubelet-authentication-authorization.html">
|
||
|
|
|
||
|
|
<a href="kubelet-authentication-authorization.html">
|
||
|
|
|
||
|
|
|
||
|
|
3.3.2 kubelet的认证授权
|
||
|
|
|
||
|
|
</a>
|
||
|
|
|
||
|
|
|
||
|
|
|
||
|
|
</li>
|
||
|
|
|
||
|
|
<li class="chapter " data-level="1.3.3.3" data-path="tls-bootstrapping.html">
|
||
|
|
|
||
|
|
<a href="tls-bootstrapping.html">
|
||
|
|
|
||
|
|
|
||
|
|
3.3.3 TLS bootstrap
|
||
|
|
|
||
|
|
</a>
|
||
|
|
|
||
|
|
|
||
|
|
|
||
|
|
</li>
|
||
|
|
|
||
|
|
<li class="chapter " data-level="1.3.3.4" data-path="kubectl-user-authentication-authorization.html">
|
||
|
|
|
||
|
|
<a href="kubectl-user-authentication-authorization.html">
|
||
|
|
|
||
|
|
|
||
|
|
3.3.4 kubectl的用户认证授权
|
||
|
|
|
||
|
|
</a>
|
||
|
|
|
||
|
|
|
||
|
|
|
||
|
|
</li>
|
||
|
|
|
||
|
|
<li class="chapter " data-level="1.3.3.5" data-path="rbac.html">
|
||
|
|
|
||
|
|
<a href="rbac.html">
|
||
|
|
|
||
|
|
|
||
|
|
3.3.5 RBAC——基于角色的访问控制
|
||
|
|
|
||
|
|
</a>
|
||
|
|
|
||
|
|
|
||
|
|
|
||
|
|
</li>
|
||
|
|
|
||
|
|
<li class="chapter " data-level="1.3.3.6" data-path="ip-masq-agent.html">
|
||
|
|
|
||
|
|
<a href="ip-masq-agent.html">
|
||
|
|
|
||
|
|
|
||
|
|
3.3.6 IP伪装代理
|
||
|
|
|
||
|
|
</a>
|
||
|
|
|
||
|
|
|
||
|
|
|
||
|
|
</li>
|
||
|
|
|
||
|
|
|
||
|
|
</ul>
|
||
|
|
|
||
|
|
</li>
|
||
|
|
|
||
|
|
<li class="chapter " data-level="1.3.4" data-path="access-kubernetes-cluster.html">
|
||
|
|
|
||
|
|
<a href="access-kubernetes-cluster.html">
|
||
|
|
|
||
|
|
|
||
|
|
3.4 访问 Kubernetes 集群
|
||
|
|
|
||
|
|
</a>
|
||
|
|
|
||
|
|
|
||
|
|
|
||
|
|
<ul class="articles">
|
||
|
|
|
||
|
|
|
||
|
|
<li class="chapter " data-level="1.3.4.1" data-path="access-cluster.html">
|
||
|
|
|
||
|
|
<a href="access-cluster.html">
|
||
|
|
|
||
|
|
|
||
|
|
3.4.1 访问集群
|
||
|
|
|
||
|
|
</a>
|
||
|
|
|
||
|
|
|
||
|
|
|
||
|
|
</li>
|
||
|
|
|
||
|
|
<li class="chapter " data-level="1.3.4.2" data-path="authenticate-across-clusters-kubeconfig.html">
|
||
|
|
|
||
|
|
<a href="authenticate-across-clusters-kubeconfig.html">
|
||
|
|
|
||
|
|
|
||
|
|
3.4.2 使用 kubeconfig 文件配置跨集群认证
|
||
|
|
|
||
|
|
</a>
|
||
|
|
|
||
|
|
|
||
|
|
|
||
|
|
</li>
|
||
|
|
|
||
|
|
<li class="chapter " data-level="1.3.4.3" data-path="connecting-to-applications-port-forward.html">
|
||
|
|
|
||
|
|
<a href="connecting-to-applications-port-forward.html">
|
||
|
|
|
||
|
|
|
||
|
|
3.4.3 通过端口转发访问集群中的应用程序
|
||
|
|
|
||
|
|
</a>
|
||
|
|
|
||
|
|
|
||
|
|
|
||
|
|
</li>
|
||
|
|
|
||
|
|
<li class="chapter " data-level="1.3.4.4" data-path="service-access-application-cluster.html">
|
||
|
|
|
||
|
|
<a href="service-access-application-cluster.html">
|
||
|
|
|
||
|
|
|
||
|
|
3.4.4 使用 service 访问群集中的应用程序
|
||
|
|
|
||
|
|
</a>
|
||
|
|
|
||
|
|
|
||
|
|
|
||
|
|
</li>
|
||
|
|
|
||
|
|
|
||
|
|
</ul>
|
||
|
|
|
||
|
|
</li>
|
||
|
|
|
||
|
|
<li class="chapter " data-level="1.3.5" data-path="application-development-deployment-flow.html">
|
||
|
|
|
||
|
|
<a href="application-development-deployment-flow.html">
|
||
|
|
|
||
|
|
|
||
|
|
3.5 在kubernetes中开发部署应用
|
||
|
|
|
||
|
|
</a>
|
||
|
|
|
||
|
|
|
||
|
|
|
||
|
|
<ul class="articles">
|
||
|
|
|
||
|
|
|
||
|
|
<li class="chapter " data-level="1.3.5.1" data-path="deploy-applications-in-kubernetes.html">
|
||
|
|
|
||
|
|
<a href="deploy-applications-in-kubernetes.html">
|
||
|
|
|
||
|
|
|
||
|
|
3.5.1 适用于kubernetes的应用开发部署流程
|
||
|
|
|
||
|
|
</a>
|
||
|
|
|
||
|
|
|
||
|
|
|
||
|
|
</li>
|
||
|
|
|
||
|
|
<li class="chapter " data-level="1.3.5.2" data-path="migrating-hadoop-yarn-to-kubernetes.html">
|
||
|
|
|
||
|
|
<a href="migrating-hadoop-yarn-to-kubernetes.html">
|
||
|
|
|
||
|
|
|
||
|
|
3.5.2 迁移传统应用到kubernetes中——以Hadoop YARN为例
|
||
|
|
|
||
|
|
</a>
|
||
|
|
|
||
|
|
|
||
|
|
|
||
|
|
</li>
|
||
|
|
|
||
|
|
|
||
|
|
</ul>
|
||
|
|
|
||
|
|
</li>
|
||
|
|
|
||
|
|
|
||
|
|
</ul>
|
||
|
|
|
||
|
|
</li>
|
||
|
|
|
||
|
|
<li class="chapter " data-level="1.4" data-path="../practice/">
|
||
|
|
|
||
|
|
<a href="../practice/">
|
||
|
|
|
||
|
|
|
||
|
|
4. 最佳实践
|
||
|
|
|
||
|
|
</a>
|
||
|
|
|
||
|
|
|
||
|
|
|
||
|
|
<ul class="articles">
|
||
|
|
|
||
|
|
|
||
|
|
<li class="chapter " data-level="1.4.1" data-path="../practice/install-kbernetes1.6-on-centos.html">
|
||
|
|
|
||
|
|
<a href="../practice/install-kbernetes1.6-on-centos.html">
|
||
|
|
|
||
|
|
|
||
|
|
4.1 在CentOS上部署kubernetes1.6集群
|
||
|
|
|
||
|
|
</a>
|
||
|
|
|
||
|
|
|
||
|
|
|
||
|
|
<ul class="articles">
|
||
|
|
|
||
|
|
|
||
|
|
<li class="chapter " data-level="1.4.1.1" data-path="../practice/create-tls-and-secret-key.html">
|
||
|
|
|
||
|
|
<a href="../practice/create-tls-and-secret-key.html">
|
||
|
|
|
||
|
|
|
||
|
|
4.1.1 创建TLS证书和秘钥
|
||
|
|
|
||
|
|
</a>
|
||
|
|
|
||
|
|
|
||
|
|
|
||
|
|
</li>
|
||
|
|
|
||
|
|
<li class="chapter " data-level="1.4.1.2" data-path="../practice/create-kubeconfig.html">
|
||
|
|
|
||
|
|
<a href="../practice/create-kubeconfig.html">
|
||
|
|
|
||
|
|
|
||
|
|
4.1.2 创建kubeconfig文件
|
||
|
|
|
||
|
|
</a>
|
||
|
|
|
||
|
|
|
||
|
|
|
||
|
|
</li>
|
||
|
|
|
||
|
|
<li class="chapter " data-level="1.4.1.3" data-path="../practice/etcd-cluster-installation.html">
|
||
|
|
|
||
|
|
<a href="../practice/etcd-cluster-installation.html">
|
||
|
|
|
||
|
|
|
||
|
|
4.1.3 创建高可用etcd集群
|
||
|
|
|
||
|
|
</a>
|
||
|
|
|
||
|
|
|
||
|
|
|
||
|
|
</li>
|
||
|
|
|
||
|
|
<li class="chapter " data-level="1.4.1.4" data-path="../practice/kubectl-installation.html">
|
||
|
|
|
||
|
|
<a href="../practice/kubectl-installation.html">
|
||
|
|
|
||
|
|
|
||
|
|
4.1.4 安装kubectl命令行工具
|
||
|
|
|
||
|
|
</a>
|
||
|
|
|
||
|
|
|
||
|
|
|
||
|
|
</li>
|
||
|
|
|
||
|
|
<li class="chapter " data-level="1.4.1.5" data-path="../practice/master-installation.html">
|
||
|
|
|
||
|
|
<a href="../practice/master-installation.html">
|
||
|
|
|
||
|
|
|
||
|
|
4.1.5 部署master节点
|
||
|
|
|
||
|
|
</a>
|
||
|
|
|
||
|
|
|
||
|
|
|
||
|
|
</li>
|
||
|
|
|
||
|
|
<li class="chapter " data-level="1.4.1.6" data-path="../practice/node-installation.html">
|
||
|
|
|
||
|
|
<a href="../practice/node-installation.html">
|
||
|
|
|
||
|
|
|
||
|
|
4.1.6 部署node节点
|
||
|
|
|
||
|
|
</a>
|
||
|
|
|
||
|
|
|
||
|
|
|
||
|
|
</li>
|
||
|
|
|
||
|
|
<li class="chapter " data-level="1.4.1.7" data-path="../practice/kubedns-addon-installation.html">
|
||
|
|
|
||
|
|
<a href="../practice/kubedns-addon-installation.html">
|
||
|
|
|
||
|
|
|
||
|
|
4.1.7 安装kubedns插件
|
||
|
|
|
||
|
|
</a>
|
||
|
|
|
||
|
|
|
||
|
|
|
||
|
|
</li>
|
||
|
|
|
||
|
|
<li class="chapter " data-level="1.4.1.8" data-path="../practice/dashboard-addon-installation.html">
|
||
|
|
|
||
|
|
<a href="../practice/dashboard-addon-installation.html">
|
||
|
|
|
||
|
|
|
||
|
|
4.1.8 安装dashboard插件
|
||
|
|
|
||
|
|
</a>
|
||
|
|
|
||
|
|
|
||
|
|
|
||
|
|
</li>
|
||
|
|
|
||
|
|
<li class="chapter " data-level="1.4.1.9" data-path="../practice/heapster-addon-installation.html">
|
||
|
|
|
||
|
|
<a href="../practice/heapster-addon-installation.html">
|
||
|
|
|
||
|
|
|
||
|
|
4.1.9 安装heapster插件
|
||
|
|
|
||
|
|
</a>
|
||
|
|
|
||
|
|
|
||
|
|
|
||
|
|
</li>
|
||
|
|
|
||
|
|
<li class="chapter " data-level="1.4.1.10" data-path="../practice/efk-addon-installation.html">
|
||
|
|
|
||
|
|
<a href="../practice/efk-addon-installation.html">
|
||
|
|
|
||
|
|
|
||
|
|
4.1.10 安装EFK插件
|
||
|
|
|
||
|
|
</a>
|
||
|
|
|
||
|
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|
||
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|
||
|
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</li>
|
||
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|
||
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|
||
|
|
</ul>
|
||
|
|
|
||
|
|
</li>
|
||
|
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|
||
|
|
<li class="chapter " data-level="1.4.2" data-path="../practice/service-discovery-and-loadbalancing.html">
|
||
|
|
|
||
|
|
<a href="../practice/service-discovery-and-loadbalancing.html">
|
||
|
|
|
||
|
|
|
||
|
|
4.2 服务发现与负载均衡
|
||
|
|
|
||
|
|
</a>
|
||
|
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|
||
|
|
|
||
|
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|
||
|
|
<ul class="articles">
|
||
|
|
|
||
|
|
|
||
|
|
<li class="chapter " data-level="1.4.2.1" data-path="../practice/traefik-ingress-installation.html">
|
||
|
|
|
||
|
|
<a href="../practice/traefik-ingress-installation.html">
|
||
|
|
|
||
|
|
|
||
|
|
4.2.1 安装Traefik ingress
|
||
|
|
|
||
|
|
</a>
|
||
|
|
|
||
|
|
|
||
|
|
|
||
|
|
</li>
|
||
|
|
|
||
|
|
<li class="chapter " data-level="1.4.2.2" data-path="../practice/distributed-load-test.html">
|
||
|
|
|
||
|
|
<a href="../practice/distributed-load-test.html">
|
||
|
|
|
||
|
|
|
||
|
|
4.2.2 分布式负载测试
|
||
|
|
|
||
|
|
</a>
|
||
|
|
|
||
|
|
|
||
|
|
|
||
|
|
</li>
|
||
|
|
|
||
|
|
<li class="chapter " data-level="1.4.2.3" data-path="../practice/network-and-cluster-perfermance-test.html">
|
||
|
|
|
||
|
|
<a href="../practice/network-and-cluster-perfermance-test.html">
|
||
|
|
|
||
|
|
|
||
|
|
4.2.3 网络和集群性能测试
|
||
|
|
|
||
|
|
</a>
|
||
|
|
|
||
|
|
|
||
|
|
|
||
|
|
</li>
|
||
|
|
|
||
|
|
<li class="chapter " data-level="1.4.2.4" data-path="../practice/edge-node-configuration.html">
|
||
|
|
|
||
|
|
<a href="../practice/edge-node-configuration.html">
|
||
|
|
|
||
|
|
|
||
|
|
4.2.4 边缘节点配置
|
||
|
|
|
||
|
|
</a>
|
||
|
|
|
||
|
|
|
||
|
|
|
||
|
|
</li>
|
||
|
|
|
||
|
|
|
||
|
|
</ul>
|
||
|
|
|
||
|
|
</li>
|
||
|
|
|
||
|
|
<li class="chapter " data-level="1.4.3" data-path="../practice/operation.html">
|
||
|
|
|
||
|
|
<a href="../practice/operation.html">
|
||
|
|
|
||
|
|
|
||
|
|
4.3 运维管理
|
||
|
|
|
||
|
|
</a>
|
||
|
|
|
||
|
|
|
||
|
|
|
||
|
|
<ul class="articles">
|
||
|
|
|
||
|
|
|
||
|
|
<li class="chapter " data-level="1.4.3.1" data-path="../practice/service-rolling-update.html">
|
||
|
|
|
||
|
|
<a href="../practice/service-rolling-update.html">
|
||
|
|
|
||
|
|
|
||
|
|
4.3.1 服务滚动升级
|
||
|
|
|
||
|
|
</a>
|
||
|
|
|
||
|
|
|
||
|
|
|
||
|
|
</li>
|
||
|
|
|
||
|
|
<li class="chapter " data-level="1.4.3.2" data-path="../practice/app-log-collection.html">
|
||
|
|
|
||
|
|
<a href="../practice/app-log-collection.html">
|
||
|
|
|
||
|
|
|
||
|
|
4.3.2 应用日志收集
|
||
|
|
|
||
|
|
</a>
|
||
|
|
|
||
|
|
|
||
|
|
|
||
|
|
</li>
|
||
|
|
|
||
|
|
<li class="chapter " data-level="1.4.3.3" data-path="../practice/configuration-best-practice.html">
|
||
|
|
|
||
|
|
<a href="../practice/configuration-best-practice.html">
|
||
|
|
|
||
|
|
|
||
|
|
4.3.3 配置最佳实践
|
||
|
|
|
||
|
|
</a>
|
||
|
|
|
||
|
|
|
||
|
|
|
||
|
|
</li>
|
||
|
|
|
||
|
|
<li class="chapter " data-level="1.4.3.4" data-path="../practice/monitor.html">
|
||
|
|
|
||
|
|
<a href="../practice/monitor.html">
|
||
|
|
|
||
|
|
|
||
|
|
4.3.4 集群及应用监控
|
||
|
|
|
||
|
|
</a>
|
||
|
|
|
||
|
|
|
||
|
|
|
||
|
|
</li>
|
||
|
|
|
||
|
|
<li class="chapter " data-level="1.4.3.5" data-path="../practice/jenkins-ci-cd.html">
|
||
|
|
|
||
|
|
<a href="../practice/jenkins-ci-cd.html">
|
||
|
|
|
||
|
|
|
||
|
|
4.3.5 使用Jenkins进行持续构建与发布
|
||
|
|
|
||
|
|
</a>
|
||
|
|
|
||
|
|
|
||
|
|
|
||
|
|
</li>
|
||
|
|
|
||
|
|
<li class="chapter " data-level="1.4.3.6" data-path="../practice/data-persistence-problem.html">
|
||
|
|
|
||
|
|
<a href="../practice/data-persistence-problem.html">
|
||
|
|
|
||
|
|
|
||
|
|
4.3.6 数据持久化问题
|
||
|
|
|
||
|
|
</a>
|
||
|
|
|
||
|
|
|
||
|
|
|
||
|
|
</li>
|
||
|
|
|
||
|
|
<li class="chapter " data-level="1.4.3.7" data-path="../practice/manage-compute-resources-container.html">
|
||
|
|
|
||
|
|
<a href="../practice/manage-compute-resources-container.html">
|
||
|
|
|
||
|
|
|
||
|
|
4.3.7 管理容器的计算资源
|
||
|
|
|
||
|
|
</a>
|
||
|
|
|
||
|
|
|
||
|
|
|
||
|
|
</li>
|
||
|
|
|
||
|
|
|
||
|
|
</ul>
|
||
|
|
|
||
|
|
</li>
|
||
|
|
|
||
|
|
<li class="chapter " data-level="1.4.4" data-path="../practice/storage.html">
|
||
|
|
|
||
|
|
<a href="../practice/storage.html">
|
||
|
|
|
||
|
|
|
||
|
|
4.4 存储管理
|
||
|
|
|
||
|
|
</a>
|
||
|
|
|
||
|
|
|
||
|
|
|
||
|
|
<ul class="articles">
|
||
|
|
|
||
|
|
|
||
|
|
<li class="chapter " data-level="1.4.4.1" data-path="../practice/glusterfs.html">
|
||
|
|
|
||
|
|
<a href="../practice/glusterfs.html">
|
||
|
|
|
||
|
|
|
||
|
|
4.4.1 GlusterFS
|
||
|
|
|
||
|
|
</a>
|
||
|
|
|
||
|
|
|
||
|
|
|
||
|
|
<ul class="articles">
|
||
|
|
|
||
|
|
|
||
|
|
<li class="chapter " data-level="1.4.4.1.1" data-path="../practice/using-glusterfs-for-persistent-storage.html">
|
||
|
|
|
||
|
|
<a href="../practice/using-glusterfs-for-persistent-storage.html">
|
||
|
|
|
||
|
|
|
||
|
|
4.4.1.1 使用GlusterFS做持久化存储
|
||
|
|
|
||
|
|
</a>
|
||
|
|
|
||
|
|
|
||
|
|
|
||
|
|
</li>
|
||
|
|
|
||
|
|
<li class="chapter " data-level="1.4.4.1.2" data-path="../practice/storage-for-containers-using-glusterfs-with-openshift.html">
|
||
|
|
|
||
|
|
<a href="../practice/storage-for-containers-using-glusterfs-with-openshift.html">
|
||
|
|
|
||
|
|
|
||
|
|
4.4.1.2 在OpenShift中使用GlusterFS做持久化存储
|
||
|
|
|
||
|
|
</a>
|
||
|
|
|
||
|
|
|
||
|
|
|
||
|
|
</li>
|
||
|
|
|
||
|
|
|
||
|
|
</ul>
|
||
|
|
|
||
|
|
</li>
|
||
|
|
|
||
|
|
<li class="chapter " data-level="1.4.4.2" data-path="../practice/cephfs.html">
|
||
|
|
|
||
|
|
<a href="../practice/cephfs.html">
|
||
|
|
|
||
|
|
|
||
|
|
4.4.2 CephFS
|
||
|
|
|
||
|
|
</a>
|
||
|
|
|
||
|
|
|
||
|
|
|
||
|
|
<ul class="articles">
|
||
|
|
|
||
|
|
|
||
|
|
<li class="chapter " data-level="1.4.4.2.1" data-path="../practice/using-ceph-for-persistent-storage.html">
|
||
|
|
|
||
|
|
<a href="../practice/using-ceph-for-persistent-storage.html">
|
||
|
|
|
||
|
|
|
||
|
|
4.4.2.1 使用Ceph做持久化存储
|
||
|
|
|
||
|
|
</a>
|
||
|
|
|
||
|
|
|
||
|
|
|
||
|
|
</li>
|
||
|
|
|
||
|
|
|
||
|
|
</ul>
|
||
|
|
|
||
|
|
</li>
|
||
|
|
|
||
|
|
|
||
|
|
</ul>
|
||
|
|
|
||
|
|
</li>
|
||
|
|
|
||
|
|
|
||
|
|
</ul>
|
||
|
|
|
||
|
|
</li>
|
||
|
|
|
||
|
|
<li class="chapter " data-level="1.5" data-path="../usecases/">
|
||
|
|
|
||
|
|
<a href="../usecases/">
|
||
|
|
|
||
|
|
|
||
|
|
5. 领域应用
|
||
|
|
|
||
|
|
</a>
|
||
|
|
|
||
|
|
|
||
|
|
|
||
|
|
<ul class="articles">
|
||
|
|
|
||
|
|
|
||
|
|
<li class="chapter " data-level="1.5.1" data-path="../usecases/microservices.html">
|
||
|
|
|
||
|
|
<a href="../usecases/microservices.html">
|
||
|
|
|
||
|
|
|
||
|
|
5.1 微服务架构
|
||
|
|
|
||
|
|
</a>
|
||
|
|
|
||
|
|
|
||
|
|
|
||
|
|
<ul class="articles">
|
||
|
|
|
||
|
|
|
||
|
|
<li class="chapter " data-level="1.5.1.1" data-path="../usecases/istio.html">
|
||
|
|
|
||
|
|
<a href="../usecases/istio.html">
|
||
|
|
|
||
|
|
|
||
|
|
5.1.1 Istio
|
||
|
|
|
||
|
|
</a>
|
||
|
|
|
||
|
|
|
||
|
|
|
||
|
|
<ul class="articles">
|
||
|
|
|
||
|
|
|
||
|
|
<li class="chapter " data-level="1.5.1.1.1" data-path="../usecases/istio-installation.html">
|
||
|
|
|
||
|
|
<a href="../usecases/istio-installation.html">
|
||
|
|
|
||
|
|
|
||
|
|
5.1.1.1 安装istio
|
||
|
|
|
||
|
|
</a>
|
||
|
|
|
||
|
|
|
||
|
|
|
||
|
|
</li>
|
||
|
|
|
||
|
|
<li class="chapter " data-level="1.5.1.1.2" data-path="../usecases/configuring-request-routing.html">
|
||
|
|
|
||
|
|
<a href="../usecases/configuring-request-routing.html">
|
||
|
|
|
||
|
|
|
||
|
|
5.1.1.2 配置请求的路由规则
|
||
|
|
|
||
|
|
</a>
|
||
|
|
|
||
|
|
|
||
|
|
|
||
|
|
</li>
|
||
|
|
|
||
|
|
|
||
|
|
</ul>
|
||
|
|
|
||
|
|
</li>
|
||
|
|
|
||
|
|
<li class="chapter " data-level="1.5.1.2" data-path="../usecases/linkerd.html">
|
||
|
|
|
||
|
|
<a href="../usecases/linkerd.html">
|
||
|
|
|
||
|
|
|
||
|
|
5.1.2 Linkerd
|
||
|
|
|
||
|
|
</a>
|
||
|
|
|
||
|
|
|
||
|
|
|
||
|
|
<ul class="articles">
|
||
|
|
|
||
|
|
|
||
|
|
<li class="chapter " data-level="1.5.1.2.1" data-path="../usecases/linkerd-user-guide.html">
|
||
|
|
|
||
|
|
<a href="../usecases/linkerd-user-guide.html">
|
||
|
|
|
||
|
|
|
||
|
|
5.1.2.1 Linkerd 使用指南
|
||
|
|
|
||
|
|
</a>
|
||
|
|
|
||
|
|
|
||
|
|
|
||
|
|
</li>
|
||
|
|
|
||
|
|
|
||
|
|
</ul>
|
||
|
|
|
||
|
|
</li>
|
||
|
|
|
||
|
|
<li class="chapter " data-level="1.5.1.3" data-path="../usecases/service-discovery-in-microservices.html">
|
||
|
|
|
||
|
|
<a href="../usecases/service-discovery-in-microservices.html">
|
||
|
|
|
||
|
|
|
||
|
|
5.1.3 微服务中的服务发现
|
||
|
|
|
||
|
|
</a>
|
||
|
|
|
||
|
|
|
||
|
|
|
||
|
|
</li>
|
||
|
|
|
||
|
|
|
||
|
|
</ul>
|
||
|
|
|
||
|
|
</li>
|
||
|
|
|
||
|
|
<li class="chapter " data-level="1.5.2" data-path="../usecases/big-data.html">
|
||
|
|
|
||
|
|
<a href="../usecases/big-data.html">
|
||
|
|
|
||
|
|
|
||
|
|
5.2 大数据
|
||
|
|
|
||
|
|
</a>
|
||
|
|
|
||
|
|
|
||
|
|
|
||
|
|
<ul class="articles">
|
||
|
|
|
||
|
|
|
||
|
|
<li class="chapter " data-level="1.5.2.1" data-path="../usecases/spark-standalone-on-kubernetes.html">
|
||
|
|
|
||
|
|
<a href="../usecases/spark-standalone-on-kubernetes.html">
|
||
|
|
|
||
|
|
|
||
|
|
5.2.1 Spark standalone on Kubernetes
|
||
|
|
|
||
|
|
</a>
|
||
|
|
|
||
|
|
|
||
|
|
|
||
|
|
</li>
|
||
|
|
|
||
|
|
<li class="chapter " data-level="1.5.2.2" data-path="../usecases/running-spark-with-kubernetes-native-scheduler.html">
|
||
|
|
|
||
|
|
<a href="../usecases/running-spark-with-kubernetes-native-scheduler.html">
|
||
|
|
|
||
|
|
|
||
|
|
5.2.2 运行支持kubernetes原生调度的Spark程序
|
||
|
|
|
||
|
|
</a>
|
||
|
|
|
||
|
|
|
||
|
|
|
||
|
|
</li>
|
||
|
|
|
||
|
|
|
||
|
|
</ul>
|
||
|
|
|
||
|
|
</li>
|
||
|
|
|
||
|
|
<li class="chapter " data-level="1.5.3" data-path="../usecases/serverless.html">
|
||
|
|
|
||
|
|
<a href="../usecases/serverless.html">
|
||
|
|
|
||
|
|
|
||
|
|
5.3 Serverless架构
|
||
|
|
|
||
|
|
</a>
|
||
|
|
|
||
|
|
|
||
|
|
|
||
|
|
</li>
|
||
|
|
|
||
|
|
|
||
|
|
</ul>
|
||
|
|
|
||
|
|
</li>
|
||
|
|
|
||
|
|
<li class="chapter " data-level="1.6" data-path="../develop/">
|
||
|
|
|
||
|
|
<a href="../develop/">
|
||
|
|
|
||
|
|
|
||
|
|
6. 开发指南
|
||
|
|
|
||
|
|
</a>
|
||
|
|
|
||
|
|
|
||
|
|
|
||
|
|
<ul class="articles">
|
||
|
|
|
||
|
|
|
||
|
|
<li class="chapter " data-level="1.6.1" data-path="../develop/developing-environment.html">
|
||
|
|
|
||
|
|
<a href="../develop/developing-environment.html">
|
||
|
|
|
||
|
|
|
||
|
|
6.1 开发环境搭建
|
||
|
|
|
||
|
|
</a>
|
||
|
|
|
||
|
|
|
||
|
|
|
||
|
|
</li>
|
||
|
|
|
||
|
|
<li class="chapter " data-level="1.6.2" data-path="../develop/testing.html">
|
||
|
|
|
||
|
|
<a href="../develop/testing.html">
|
||
|
|
|
||
|
|
|
||
|
|
6.2 单元测试和集成测试
|
||
|
|
|
||
|
|
</a>
|
||
|
|
|
||
|
|
|
||
|
|
|
||
|
|
</li>
|
||
|
|
|
||
|
|
<li class="chapter " data-level="1.6.3" data-path="../develop/client-go-sample.html">
|
||
|
|
|
||
|
|
<a href="../develop/client-go-sample.html">
|
||
|
|
|
||
|
|
|
||
|
|
6.3 client-go示例
|
||
|
|
|
||
|
|
</a>
|
||
|
|
|
||
|
|
|
||
|
|
|
||
|
|
</li>
|
||
|
|
|
||
|
|
<li class="chapter " data-level="1.6.4" data-path="../develop/contribute.html">
|
||
|
|
|
||
|
|
<a href="../develop/contribute.html">
|
||
|
|
|
||
|
|
|
||
|
|
6.4 社区贡献
|
||
|
|
|
||
|
|
</a>
|
||
|
|
|
||
|
|
|
||
|
|
|
||
|
|
</li>
|
||
|
|
|
||
|
|
|
||
|
|
</ul>
|
||
|
|
|
||
|
|
</li>
|
||
|
|
|
||
|
|
<li class="chapter " data-level="1.7" data-path="../appendix/">
|
||
|
|
|
||
|
|
<a href="../appendix/">
|
||
|
|
|
||
|
|
|
||
|
|
7. 附录
|
||
|
|
|
||
|
|
</a>
|
||
|
|
|
||
|
|
|
||
|
|
|
||
|
|
<ul class="articles">
|
||
|
|
|
||
|
|
|
||
|
|
<li class="chapter " data-level="1.7.1" data-path="../appendix/docker-best-practice.html">
|
||
|
|
|
||
|
|
<a href="../appendix/docker-best-practice.html">
|
||
|
|
|
||
|
|
|
||
|
|
7.1 Docker最佳实践
|
||
|
|
|
||
|
|
</a>
|
||
|
|
|
||
|
|
|
||
|
|
|
||
|
|
</li>
|
||
|
|
|
||
|
|
<li class="chapter " data-level="1.7.2" data-path="../appendix/issues.html">
|
||
|
|
|
||
|
|
<a href="../appendix/issues.html">
|
||
|
|
|
||
|
|
|
||
|
|
7.2 问题记录
|
||
|
|
|
||
|
|
</a>
|
||
|
|
|
||
|
|
|
||
|
|
|
||
|
|
</li>
|
||
|
|
|
||
|
|
<li class="chapter " data-level="1.7.3" data-path="../appendix/tricks.html">
|
||
|
|
|
||
|
|
<a href="../appendix/tricks.html">
|
||
|
|
|
||
|
|
|
||
|
|
7.3 使用技巧
|
||
|
|
|
||
|
|
</a>
|
||
|
|
|
||
|
|
|
||
|
|
|
||
|
|
</li>
|
||
|
|
|
||
|
|
|
||
|
|
</ul>
|
||
|
|
|
||
|
|
</li>
|
||
|
|
|
||
|
|
|
||
|
|
|
||
|
|
|
||
|
|
<li class="divider"></li>
|
||
|
|
|
||
|
|
<li>
|
||
|
|
<a href="https://www.gitbook.com" target="blank" class="gitbook-link">
|
||
|
|
本書使用 GitBook 釋出
|
||
|
|
</a>
|
||
|
|
</li>
|
||
|
|
</ul>
|
||
|
|
|
||
|
|
|
||
|
|
</nav>
|
||
|
|
|
||
|
|
|
||
|
|
</div>
|
||
|
|
|
||
|
|
<div class="book-body">
|
||
|
|
|
||
|
|
<div class="body-inner">
|
||
|
|
|
||
|
|
|
||
|
|
|
||
|
|
<div class="book-header" role="navigation">
|
||
|
|
|
||
|
|
|
||
|
|
<!-- Title -->
|
||
|
|
<h1>
|
||
|
|
<i class="fa fa-circle-o-notch fa-spin"></i>
|
||
|
|
<a href=".." >3.2.2 docker用户过度到kubectl命令行指南</a>
|
||
|
|
</h1>
|
||
|
|
</div>
|
||
|
|
|
||
|
|
|
||
|
|
|
||
|
|
|
||
|
|
<div class="page-wrapper" tabindex="-1" role="main">
|
||
|
|
<div class="page-inner">
|
||
|
|
|
||
|
|
<div class="search-plus" id="book-search-results">
|
||
|
|
<div class="search-noresults">
|
||
|
|
|
||
|
|
<section class="normal markdown-section">
|
||
|
|
|
||
|
|
<h1 id="docker用户过度到kubectl命令行指南">docker用户过度到kubectl命令行指南</h1>
|
||
|
|
<p>对于没有使用过 kubernetes 的 docker 用户，如何快速掌握 kubectl 命令？</p>
|
||
|
|
<p>在本文中，我们将向 docker-cli 用户介绍 Kubernetes 命令行如何与 api 进行交互。该命令行工具——kubectl，被设计成 docker-cli 用户所熟悉的样子，但是它们之间又存在一些必要的差异。该文档将向您展示每个 docker 子命令和 kubectl 与其等效的命令。</p>
|
||
|
|
<p>在使用 kubernetes 集群的时候，docker 命令通常情况是不需要用到的，只有在调试程序或者容器的时候用到，我们基本上使用 kubectl 命令即可，所以在操作 kubernetes 的时候我们抛弃原先使用 docker 时的一些观念。</p>
|
||
|
|
<h4 id="docker-run">docker run</h4>
|
||
|
|
<p>如何运行一个 nginx Deployment 并将其暴露出来？ 查看 <a href="https://kubernetes.io/docs/user-guide/kubectl/#run" target="_blank">kubectl run</a> 。</p>
|
||
|
|
<p>使用 docker 命令：</p>
|
||
|
|
<pre><code class="lang-bash">$ docker run <span class="hljs-_">-d</span> --restart=always <span class="hljs-_">-e</span> DOMAIN=cluster --name nginx-app -p 80:80 nginx
|
||
|
|
a9ec34d9878748d2f33dc20cb25c714ff21da8d40558b45bfaec9955859075d0
|
||
|
|
$ docker ps
|
||
|
|
CONTAINER ID IMAGE COMMAND CREATED STATUS PORTS NAMES
|
||
|
|
a9ec34d98787 nginx <span class="hljs-string">"nginx -g 'daemon of 2 seconds ago Up 2 seconds 0.0.0.0:80->80/tcp, 443/tcp nginx-app
|
||
|
|
</span></code></pre>
|
||
|
|
<p>使用 kubectl 命令：</p>
|
||
|
|
<pre><code class="lang-bash"><span class="hljs-comment"># start the pod running nginx</span>
|
||
|
|
$ kubectl run --image=nginx nginx-app --port=80 --env=<span class="hljs-string">"DOMAIN=cluster"</span>
|
||
|
|
deployment <span class="hljs-string">"nginx-app"</span> created
|
||
|
|
</code></pre>
|
||
|
|
<p>在大于等于 1.2 版本 Kubernetes 集群中，使用<code>kubectl run</code> 命令将创建一个名为 "nginx-app" 的 Deployment。如果您运行的是老版本，将会创建一个 replication controller。 如果您想沿用旧的行为，使用 <code>--generation=run/v1</code> 参数，这样就会创建 replication controller。查看 <a href="https://kubernetes.io/docs/user-guide/kubectl/#run" target="_blank"><code>kubectl run</code></a> 获取更多详细信息。</p>
|
||
|
|
<pre><code class="lang-bash"><span class="hljs-comment"># expose a port through with a service</span>
|
||
|
|
$ kubectl expose deployment nginx-app --port=80 --name=nginx-http
|
||
|
|
service <span class="hljs-string">"nginx-http"</span> exposed
|
||
|
|
</code></pre>
|
||
|
|
<p>在 kubectl 命令中，我们创建了一个 <a href="https://kubernetes.io/docs/concepts/workloads/controllers/deployment" target="_blank">Deployment</a>，这将保证有 N 个运行 nginx 的 pod（N 代表 spec 中声明的 replica 数，默认为 1）。我们还创建了一个 <a href="https://kubernetes.io/docs/user-guide/services" target="_blank">service</a>，使用 selector 匹配具有相应的 selector 的 Deployment。查看 <a href="https://kubernetes.io/docs/user-guide/quick-start" target="_blank">快速开始</a> 获取更多信息。</p>
|
||
|
|
<p>默认情况下镜像会在后台运行，与<code>docker run -d ...</code> 类似，如果您想在前台运行，使用：</p>
|
||
|
|
<pre><code class="lang-bash">kubectl run [-i] [--tty] --attach <name> --image=<image>
|
||
|
|
</code></pre>
|
||
|
|
<p>与 <code>docker run ...</code> 不同的是，如果指定了 <code>--attach</code> ，我们将连接到 <code>stdin</code>，<code>stdout</code> 和 <code>stderr</code>，而不能控制具体连接到哪个输出流（<code>docker -a ...</code>）。</p>
|
||
|
|
<p>因为我们使用 Deployment 启动了容器，如果您终止了连接到的进程（例如 <code>ctrl-c</code>），容器将会重启，这跟 <code>docker run -it</code>不同。 如果想销毁该 Deployment（和它的 pod），您需要运行 <code>kubeclt delete deployment <name></code>。</p>
|
||
|
|
<h4 id="docker-ps">docker ps</h4>
|
||
|
|
<p>如何列出哪些正在运行？查看 <a href="https://kubernetes.io/docs/user-guide/kubectl/#get" target="_blank">kubectl get</a>。</p>
|
||
|
|
<p>使用 docker 命令：</p>
|
||
|
|
<pre><code class="lang-bash">$ docker ps
|
||
|
|
CONTAINER ID IMAGE COMMAND CREATED STATUS PORTS NAMES
|
||
|
|
a9ec34d98787 nginx <span class="hljs-string">"nginx -g 'daemon of About an hour ago Up About an hour 0.0.0.0:80->80/tcp, 443/tcp nginx-app
|
||
|
|
</span></code></pre>
|
||
|
|
<p>使用 kubectl 命令：</p>
|
||
|
|
<pre><code class="lang-bash">$ kubectl get po
|
||
|
|
NAME READY STATUS RESTARTS AGE
|
||
|
|
nginx-app-5jyvm 1/1 Running 0 1h
|
||
|
|
</code></pre>
|
||
|
|
<h4 id="docker-attach">docker attach</h4>
|
||
|
|
<p>如何连接到已经运行在容器中的进程？查看 <a href="https://kubernetes.io/docs/user-guide/kubectl/#attach" target="_blank">kubectl attach</a>。</p>
|
||
|
|
<p>使用 docker 命令：</p>
|
||
|
|
<pre><code class="lang-bash">$ docker ps
|
||
|
|
CONTAINER ID IMAGE COMMAND CREATED STATUS PORTS NAMES
|
||
|
|
a9ec34d98787 nginx <span class="hljs-string">"nginx -g 'daemon of 8 minutes ago Up 8 minutes 0.0.0.0:80->80/tcp, 443/tcp nginx-app
|
||
|
|
$ docker attach a9ec34d98787
|
||
|
|
...
|
||
|
|
</span></code></pre>
|
||
|
|
<p>使用 kubectl 命令：</p>
|
||
|
|
<pre><code class="lang-bash">$ kubectl get pods
|
||
|
|
NAME READY STATUS RESTARTS AGE
|
||
|
|
nginx-app-5jyvm 1/1 Running 0 10m
|
||
|
|
$ kubectl attach -it nginx-app-5jyvm
|
||
|
|
...
|
||
|
|
</code></pre>
|
||
|
|
<h4 id="docker-exec">docker exec</h4>
|
||
|
|
<p>如何在容器中执行命令？查看 <a href="https://kubernetes.io/docs/user-guide/kubectl/#exec" target="_blank">kubectl exec</a>。</p>
|
||
|
|
<p>使用 docker 命令：</p>
|
||
|
|
<pre><code class="lang-bash">$ docker ps
|
||
|
|
CONTAINER ID IMAGE COMMAND CREATED STATUS PORTS NAMES
|
||
|
|
a9ec34d98787 nginx <span class="hljs-string">"nginx -g 'daemon of 8 minutes ago Up 8 minutes 0.0.0.0:80->80/tcp, 443/tcp nginx-app
|
||
|
|
$ docker exec a9ec34d98787 cat /etc/hostname
|
||
|
|
a9ec34d98787
|
||
|
|
</span></code></pre>
|
||
|
|
<p>使用 kubectl 命令：</p>
|
||
|
|
<pre><code class="lang-bash">$ kubectl get po
|
||
|
|
NAME READY STATUS RESTARTS AGE
|
||
|
|
nginx-app-5jyvm 1/1 Running 0 10m
|
||
|
|
$ kubectl <span class="hljs-built_in">exec</span> nginx-app-5jyvm -- cat /etc/hostname
|
||
|
|
nginx-app-5jyvm
|
||
|
|
</code></pre>
|
||
|
|
<p>执行交互式命令怎么办？</p>
|
||
|
|
<p>使用 docker 命令：</p>
|
||
|
|
<pre><code class="lang-bash">$ docker <span class="hljs-built_in">exec</span> -ti a9ec34d98787 /bin/sh
|
||
|
|
<span class="hljs-comment"># exit</span>
|
||
|
|
</code></pre>
|
||
|
|
<p>使用 kubectl 命令：</p>
|
||
|
|
<pre><code class="lang-bash">$ kubectl <span class="hljs-built_in">exec</span> -ti nginx-app-5jyvm -- /bin/sh
|
||
|
|
<span class="hljs-comment"># exit</span>
|
||
|
|
</code></pre>
|
||
|
|
<p>更多信息请查看 <a href="https://kubernetes.io/docs/tasks/kubectl/get-shell-running-container" target="_blank">获取运行中容器的 Shell 环境</a>。</p>
|
||
|
|
<h4 id="docker-logs">docker logs</h4>
|
||
|
|
<p>如何查看运行中进程的 stdout/stderr？查看 <a href="https://kubernetes.io/docs/user-guide/kubectl/#logs" target="_blank">kubectl logs</a>。</p>
|
||
|
|
<p>使用 docker 命令：</p>
|
||
|
|
<pre><code class="lang-bash">$ docker logs <span class="hljs-_">-f</span> a9e
|
||
|
|
192.168.9.1 - - [14/Jul/2015:01:04:02 +0000] <span class="hljs-string">"GET / HTTP/1.1"</span> 200 612 <span class="hljs-string">"-"</span> <span class="hljs-string">"curl/7.35.0"</span> <span class="hljs-string">"-"</span>
|
||
|
|
192.168.9.1 - - [14/Jul/2015:01:04:03 +0000] <span class="hljs-string">"GET / HTTP/1.1"</span> 200 612 <span class="hljs-string">"-"</span> <span class="hljs-string">"curl/7.35.0"</span> <span class="hljs-string">"-"</span>
|
||
|
|
</code></pre>
|
||
|
|
<p>使用 kubectl 命令：</p>
|
||
|
|
<pre><code class="lang-bash">$ kubectl logs <span class="hljs-_">-f</span> nginx-app-zibvs
|
||
|
|
10.240.63.110 - - [14/Jul/2015:01:09:01 +0000] <span class="hljs-string">"GET / HTTP/1.1"</span> 200 612 <span class="hljs-string">"-"</span> <span class="hljs-string">"curl/7.26.0"</span> <span class="hljs-string">"-"</span>
|
||
|
|
10.240.63.110 - - [14/Jul/2015:01:09:02 +0000] <span class="hljs-string">"GET / HTTP/1.1"</span> 200 612 <span class="hljs-string">"-"</span> <span class="hljs-string">"curl/7.26.0"</span> <span class="hljs-string">"-"</span>
|
||
|
|
</code></pre>
|
||
|
|
<p>现在是时候提一下 pod 和容器之间的细微差别了；默认情况下如果 pod 中的进程退出 pod 也不会终止，相反它将会重启该进程。这类似于 docker run 时的 <code>--restart=always</code> 选项， 这是主要差别。在 docker 中，进程的每个调用的输出都是被连接起来的，但是对于 kubernetes，每个调用都是分开的。要查看以前在 kubernetes 中执行的输出，请执行以下操作：</p>
|
||
|
|
<pre><code class="lang-bash">$ kubectl logs --previous nginx-app-zibvs
|
||
|
|
10.240.63.110 - - [14/Jul/2015:01:09:01 +0000] <span class="hljs-string">"GET / HTTP/1.1"</span> 200 612 <span class="hljs-string">"-"</span> <span class="hljs-string">"curl/7.26.0"</span> <span class="hljs-string">"-"</span>
|
||
|
|
10.240.63.110 - - [14/Jul/2015:01:09:02 +0000] <span class="hljs-string">"GET / HTTP/1.1"</span> 200 612 <span class="hljs-string">"-"</span> <span class="hljs-string">"curl/7.26.0"</span> <span class="hljs-string">"-"</span>
|
||
|
|
</code></pre>
|
||
|
|
<p>查看 <a href="https://kubernetes.io/docs/concepts/cluster-administration/logging" target="_blank">记录和监控集群活动</a> 获取更多信息。</p>
|
||
|
|
<h4 id="docker-stop-和-docker-rm">docker stop 和 docker rm</h4>
|
||
|
|
<p>如何停止和删除运行中的进程？查看 <a href="https://kubernetes.io/docs/user-guide/kubectl/#delete" target="_blank">kubectl delete</a>。</p>
|
||
|
|
<p>使用 docker 命令：</p>
|
||
|
|
<pre><code class="lang-bash">$ docker ps
|
||
|
|
CONTAINER ID IMAGE COMMAND CREATED STATUS PORTS NAMES
|
||
|
|
a9ec34d98787 nginx <span class="hljs-string">"nginx -g 'daemon of 22 hours ago Up 22 hours 0.0.0.0:80->80/tcp, 443/tcp nginx-app
|
||
|
|
$ docker stop a9ec34d98787
|
||
|
|
a9ec34d98787
|
||
|
|
$ docker rm a9ec34d98787
|
||
|
|
a9ec34d98787
|
||
|
|
</span></code></pre>
|
||
|
|
<p>使用 kubectl 命令：</p>
|
||
|
|
<pre><code class="lang-bash">$ kubectl get deployment nginx-app
|
||
|
|
NAME DESIRED CURRENT UP-TO-DATE AVAILABLE AGE
|
||
|
|
nginx-app 1 1 1 1 2m
|
||
|
|
$ kubectl get po <span class="hljs-_">-l</span> run=nginx-app
|
||
|
|
NAME READY STATUS RESTARTS AGE
|
||
|
|
nginx-app-2883164633-aklf7 1/1 Running 0 2m
|
||
|
|
$ kubectl delete deployment nginx-app
|
||
|
|
deployment <span class="hljs-string">"nginx-app"</span> deleted
|
||
|
|
$ kubectl get po <span class="hljs-_">-l</span> run=nginx-app
|
||
|
|
<span class="hljs-comment"># Return nothing</span>
|
||
|
|
</code></pre>
|
||
|
|
<p>请注意，我们不直接删除 pod。使用 kubectl 命令，我们要删除拥有该 pod 的 Deployment。如果我们直接删除pod，Deployment 将会重新创建该 pod。</p>
|
||
|
|
<h4 id="docker-login">docker login</h4>
|
||
|
|
<p>在 kubectl 中没有对 <code>docker login</code> 的直接模拟。如果您有兴趣在私有镜像仓库中使用 Kubernetes，请参阅 <a href="https://kubernetes.io/docs/concepts/containers/images/#using-a-private-registry" target="_blank">使用私有镜像仓库</a>。</p>
|
||
|
|
<h4 id="docker-version">docker version</h4>
|
||
|
|
<p>如何查看客户端和服务端的版本？查看 <a href="https://kubernetes.io/docs/user-guide/kubectl/#version" target="_blank">kubectl version</a>。</p>
|
||
|
|
<p>使用 docker 命令：</p>
|
||
|
|
<pre><code class="lang-bash">$ docker version
|
||
|
|
Client version: 1.7.0
|
||
|
|
Client API version: 1.19
|
||
|
|
Go version (client): go1.4.2
|
||
|
|
Git commit (client): 0baf609
|
||
|
|
OS/Arch (client): linux/amd64
|
||
|
|
Server version: 1.7.0
|
||
|
|
Server API version: 1.19
|
||
|
|
Go version (server): go1.4.2
|
||
|
|
Git commit (server): 0baf609
|
||
|
|
OS/Arch (server): linux/amd64
|
||
|
|
</code></pre>
|
||
|
|
<p>使用 kubectl 命令：</p>
|
||
|
|
<pre><code class="lang-bash">$ kubectl version
|
||
|
|
Client Version: version.Info{Major:<span class="hljs-string">"1"</span>, Minor:<span class="hljs-string">"6"</span>, GitVersion:<span class="hljs-string">"v1.6.9+a3d1dfa6f4335"</span>, GitCommit:<span class="hljs-string">"9b77fed11a9843ce3780f70dd251e92901c43072"</span>, GitTreeState:<span class="hljs-string">"dirty"</span>, BuildDate:<span class="hljs-string">"2017-08-29T20:32:58Z"</span>, OpenPaasKubernetesVersion:<span class="hljs-string">"v1.03.02"</span>, GoVersion:<span class="hljs-string">"go1.7.5"</span>, Compiler:<span class="hljs-string">"gc"</span>, Platform:<span class="hljs-string">"linux/amd64"</span>}
|
||
|
|
Server Version: version.Info{Major:<span class="hljs-string">"1"</span>, Minor:<span class="hljs-string">"6"</span>, GitVersion:<span class="hljs-string">"v1.6.9+a3d1dfa6f4335"</span>, GitCommit:<span class="hljs-string">"9b77fed11a9843ce3780f70dd251e92901c43072"</span>, GitTreeState:<span class="hljs-string">"dirty"</span>, BuildDate:<span class="hljs-string">"2017-08-29T20:32:58Z"</span>, OpenPaasKubernetesVersion:<span class="hljs-string">"v1.03.02"</span>, GoVersion:<span class="hljs-string">"go1.7.5"</span>, Compiler:<span class="hljs-string">"gc"</span>, Platform:<span class="hljs-string">"linux/amd64"</span>}
|
||
|
|
</code></pre>
|
||
|
|
<h4 id="docker-info">docker info</h4>
|
||
|
|
<p>如何获取有关环境和配置的各种信息？查看 <a href="https://kubernetes.io/docs/user-guide/kubectl/#cluster-info" target="_blank">kubectl cluster-info</a>。</p>
|
||
|
|
<p>使用 docker 命令：</p>
|
||
|
|
<pre><code class="lang-bash">$ docker info
|
||
|
|
Containers: 40
|
||
|
|
Images: 168
|
||
|
|
Storage Driver: aufs
|
||
|
|
Root Dir: /usr/<span class="hljs-built_in">local</span>/google/docker/aufs
|
||
|
|
Backing Filesystem: extfs
|
||
|
|
Dirs: 248
|
||
|
|
Dirperm1 Supported: <span class="hljs-literal">false</span>
|
||
|
|
Execution Driver: native-0.2
|
||
|
|
Logging Driver: json-file
|
||
|
|
Kernel Version: 3.13.0-53-generic
|
||
|
|
Operating System: Ubuntu 14.04.2 LTS
|
||
|
|
CPUs: 12
|
||
|
|
Total Memory: 31.32 GiB
|
||
|
|
Name: k8s-is-fun.mtv.corp.google.com
|
||
|
|
ID: ADUV:GCYR:B3VJ:HMPO:LNPQ:KD5S:YKFQ:76VN:IANZ:7TFV:ZBF4:BYJO
|
||
|
|
WARNING: No swap <span class="hljs-built_in">limit</span> support
|
||
|
|
</code></pre>
|
||
|
|
<p>使用 kubectl 命令：</p>
|
||
|
|
<pre><code class="lang-Bash">$ kubectl cluster-info
|
||
|
|
Kubernetes master is running at https://108.59.85.141
|
||
|
|
KubeDNS is running at https://108.59.85.141/api/v1/namespaces/kube-system/services/kube-dns/proxy
|
||
|
|
KubeUI is running at https://108.59.85.141/api/v1/namespaces/kube-system/services/kube-ui/proxy
|
||
|
|
Grafana is running at https://108.59.85.141/api/v1/namespaces/kube-system/services/monitoring-grafana/proxy
|
||
|
|
Heapster is running at https://108.59.85.141/api/v1/namespaces/kube-system/services/monitoring-heapster/proxy
|
||
|
|
InfluxDB is running at https://108.59.85.141/api/v1/namespaces/kube-system/services/monitoring-influxdb/proxy
|
||
|
|
</code></pre>
|
||
|
|
<p>原文地址：<a href="https://github.com/rootsongjc/kubernetes.github.io/blob/master/docs/user-guide/docker-cli-to-kubectl.md" target="_blank">https://github.com/rootsongjc/kubernetes.github.io/blob/master/docs/user-guide/docker-cli-to-kubectl.md</a> </p>
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