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<title>安装配置 Kube-dns · Kubernetes Handbook - Kubernetes中文指南/云原生应用架构实践手册 by Jimmy Song(宋净超)</title>
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<a href="https://jimmysong.io" target="_blank" class="custom-link">回到主页</a>
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<li>
<a href="https://jimmysong.io/awesome-cloud-native" target="_blank" class="custom-link">Awesome Cloud Native</a>
</li>
<li>
<a href="https://cloudnative.to" target="_blank" class="custom-link">云原生社区</a>
</li>
<li>
<a href="https://cloudnativeindustryalliance.github.io/whitepaper2020/" target="_blank" class="custom-link">中国云原生发展白皮书2020</a>
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<li>
<a href="https://jimmysong.io/guide-to-cloud-native-app/" target="_blank" class="custom-link">云原生应用白皮书</a>
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<li class="divider"></li>
<li class="header">前言</li>
<li class="chapter " data-level="1.1" data-path="../">
<a href="../">
<b>1.1.</b>
序言
</a>
</li>
<li class="header">云原生</li>
<li class="chapter " data-level="2.1" data-path="../cloud-native/cloud-native-definition.html">
<a href="../cloud-native/cloud-native-definition.html">
<b>2.1.</b>
云原生Cloud Native的定义
</a>
</li>
<li class="chapter " data-level="2.2" data-path="../cloud-native/cloud-native-philosophy.html">
<a href="../cloud-native/cloud-native-philosophy.html">
<b>2.2.</b>
云原生的设计哲学
</a>
</li>
<li class="chapter " data-level="2.3" data-path="../cloud-native/play-with-kubernetes.html">
<a href="../cloud-native/play-with-kubernetes.html">
<b>2.3.</b>
Play with Kubernetes
</a>
</li>
<li class="chapter " data-level="2.4" data-path="../cloud-native/cloud-native-local-quick-start.html">
<a href="../cloud-native/cloud-native-local-quick-start.html">
<b>2.4.</b>
快速部署一个云原生本地实验环境
</a>
</li>
<li class="chapter " data-level="2.5" data-path="../cloud-native/setup-kubernetes-with-rancher-and-aliyun.html">
<a href="../cloud-native/setup-kubernetes-with-rancher-and-aliyun.html">
<b>2.5.</b>
使用 Rancher 在阿里云上部署 Kubenretes 集群
</a>
</li>
<li class="chapter " data-level="2.6" data-path="../cloud-native/kubernetes-and-cloud-native-app-overview.html">
<a href="../cloud-native/kubernetes-and-cloud-native-app-overview.html">
<b>2.6.</b>
Kubernetes 与云原生应用概览
</a>
</li>
<li class="chapter " data-level="2.7" data-path="../cloud-native/from-kubernetes-to-cloud-native.html">
<a href="../cloud-native/from-kubernetes-to-cloud-native.html">
<b>2.7.</b>
云原生应用之路 —— 从 Kubernetes 到 Cloud Native
</a>
</li>
<li class="chapter " data-level="2.8" data-path="../cloud-native/cloud-native-programming-languages.html">
<a href="../cloud-native/cloud-native-programming-languages.html">
<b>2.8.</b>
云原生编程语言
</a>
<ul class="articles">
<li class="chapter " data-level="2.8.1" data-path="../cloud-native/cloud-native-programming-language-ballerina.html">
<a href="../cloud-native/cloud-native-programming-language-ballerina.html">
<b>2.8.1.</b>
云原生编程语言 Ballerina
</a>
</li>
<li class="chapter " data-level="2.8.2" data-path="../cloud-native/cloud-native-programming-language-pulumi.html">
<a href="../cloud-native/cloud-native-programming-language-pulumi.html">
<b>2.8.2.</b>
云原生编程语言 Pulumi
</a>
</li>
</ul>
</li>
<li class="chapter " data-level="2.9" data-path="../cloud-native/the-future-of-cloud-native.html">
<a href="../cloud-native/the-future-of-cloud-native.html">
<b>2.9.</b>
云原生的未来
</a>
</li>
<li class="chapter " data-level="2.10" data-path="../cloud-native/define-cloud-native-app.html">
<a href="../cloud-native/define-cloud-native-app.html">
<b>2.10.</b>
定义云原生应用
</a>
<ul class="articles">
<li class="chapter " data-level="2.10.1" data-path="../cloud-native/workload.html">
<a href="../cloud-native/workload.html">
<b>2.10.1.</b>
Workload
</a>
</li>
<li class="chapter " data-level="2.10.2" data-path="../cloud-native/component.html">
<a href="../cloud-native/component.html">
<b>2.10.2.</b>
Component
</a>
</li>
<li class="chapter " data-level="2.10.3" data-path="../cloud-native/trait.html">
<a href="../cloud-native/trait.html">
<b>2.10.3.</b>
Trait
</a>
</li>
<li class="chapter " data-level="2.10.4" data-path="../cloud-native/application-scope.html">
<a href="../cloud-native/application-scope.html">
<b>2.10.4.</b>
Application Scope
</a>
</li>
<li class="chapter " data-level="2.10.5" data-path="../cloud-native/application-configuration.html">
<a href="../cloud-native/application-configuration.html">
<b>2.10.5.</b>
Application Configuration
</a>
</li>
</ul>
</li>
<li class="header">概念与原理</li>
<li class="chapter " data-level="3.1" data-path="../concepts/">
<a href="../concepts/">
<b>3.1.</b>
Kubernetes 架构
</a>
<ul class="articles">
<li class="chapter " data-level="3.1.1" data-path="../concepts/concepts.html">
<a href="../concepts/concepts.html">
<b>3.1.1.</b>
设计理念
</a>
</li>
<li class="chapter " data-level="3.1.2" data-path="../concepts/etcd.html">
<a href="../concepts/etcd.html">
<b>3.1.2.</b>
Etcd 解析
</a>
</li>
<li class="chapter " data-level="3.1.3" data-path="../concepts/open-interfaces.html">
<a href="../concepts/open-interfaces.html">
<b>3.1.3.</b>
开放接口
</a>
<ul class="articles">
<li class="chapter " data-level="3.1.3.1" data-path="../concepts/cri.html">
<a href="../concepts/cri.html">
<b>3.1.3.1.</b>
CRI - Container Runtime Interface容器运行时接口
</a>
</li>
<li class="chapter " data-level="3.1.3.2" data-path="../concepts/cni.html">
<a href="../concepts/cni.html">
<b>3.1.3.2.</b>
CNI - Container Network Interface容器网络接口
</a>
</li>
<li class="chapter " data-level="3.1.3.3" data-path="../concepts/csi.html">
<a href="../concepts/csi.html">
<b>3.1.3.3.</b>
CSI - Container Storage Interface容器存储接口
</a>
</li>
</ul>
</li>
</ul>
</li>
<li class="chapter " data-level="3.2" data-path="../concepts/networking.html">
<a href="../concepts/networking.html">
<b>3.2.</b>
Kubernetes 中的网络
</a>
<ul class="articles">
<li class="chapter " data-level="3.2.1" data-path="../concepts/flannel.html">
<a href="../concepts/flannel.html">
<b>3.2.1.</b>
Kubernetes 中的网络解析 —— 以 flannel 为例
</a>
</li>
<li class="chapter " data-level="3.2.2" data-path="../concepts/calico.html">
<a href="../concepts/calico.html">
<b>3.2.2.</b>
Kubernetes 中的网络解析 —— 以 calico 为例
</a>
</li>
<li class="chapter " data-level="3.2.3" data-path="../concepts/cilium.html">
<a href="../concepts/cilium.html">
<b>3.2.3.</b>
具备 API 感知的网络和安全性管理开源软件 Cilium
</a>
<ul class="articles">
<li class="chapter " data-level="3.2.3.1" data-path="../concepts/cilium-concepts.html">
<a href="../concepts/cilium-concepts.html">
<b>3.2.3.1.</b>
Cilium 架构设计与概念解析
</a>
</li>
</ul>
</li>
</ul>
</li>
<li class="chapter " data-level="3.3" data-path="../concepts/objects.html">
<a href="../concepts/objects.html">
<b>3.3.</b>
资源对象与基本概念解析
</a>
</li>
<li class="chapter " data-level="3.4" data-path="../concepts/pod-state-and-lifecycle.html">
<a href="../concepts/pod-state-and-lifecycle.html">
<b>3.4.</b>
Pod 状态与生命周期管理
</a>
<ul class="articles">
<li class="chapter " data-level="3.4.1" data-path="../concepts/pod-overview.html">
<a href="../concepts/pod-overview.html">
<b>3.4.1.</b>
Pod 概览
</a>
</li>
<li class="chapter " data-level="3.4.2" data-path="../concepts/pod.html">
<a href="../concepts/pod.html">
<b>3.4.2.</b>
Pod 解析
</a>
</li>
<li class="chapter " data-level="3.4.3" data-path="../concepts/init-containers.html">
<a href="../concepts/init-containers.html">
<b>3.4.3.</b>
Init 容器
</a>
</li>
<li class="chapter " data-level="3.4.4" data-path="../concepts/pause-container.html">
<a href="../concepts/pause-container.html">
<b>3.4.4.</b>
Pause 容器
</a>
</li>
<li class="chapter " data-level="3.4.5" data-path="../concepts/pod-security-policy.html">
<a href="../concepts/pod-security-policy.html">
<b>3.4.5.</b>
Pod 安全策略
</a>
</li>
<li class="chapter " data-level="3.4.6" data-path="../concepts/pod-lifecycle.html">
<a href="../concepts/pod-lifecycle.html">
<b>3.4.6.</b>
Pod 的生命周期
</a>
</li>
<li class="chapter " data-level="3.4.7" data-path="../concepts/pod-hook.html">
<a href="../concepts/pod-hook.html">
<b>3.4.7.</b>
Pod Hook
</a>
</li>
<li class="chapter " data-level="3.4.8" data-path="../concepts/pod-preset.html">
<a href="../concepts/pod-preset.html">
<b>3.4.8.</b>
Pod Preset
</a>
</li>
<li class="chapter " data-level="3.4.9" data-path="../concepts/pod-disruption-budget.html">
<a href="../concepts/pod-disruption-budget.html">
<b>3.4.9.</b>
Pod 中断与 PDBPod 中断预算)
</a>
</li>
</ul>
</li>
<li class="chapter " data-level="3.5" data-path="../concepts/cluster.html">
<a href="../concepts/cluster.html">
<b>3.5.</b>
集群资源管理
</a>
<ul class="articles">
<li class="chapter " data-level="3.5.1" data-path="../concepts/node.html">
<a href="../concepts/node.html">
<b>3.5.1.</b>
Node
</a>
</li>
<li class="chapter " data-level="3.5.2" data-path="../concepts/namespace.html">
<a href="../concepts/namespace.html">
<b>3.5.2.</b>
Namespace
</a>
</li>
<li class="chapter " data-level="3.5.3" data-path="../concepts/label.html">
<a href="../concepts/label.html">
<b>3.5.3.</b>
Label
</a>
</li>
<li class="chapter " data-level="3.5.4" data-path="../concepts/annotation.html">
<a href="../concepts/annotation.html">
<b>3.5.4.</b>
Annotation
</a>
</li>
<li class="chapter " data-level="3.5.5" data-path="../concepts/taint-and-toleration.html">
<a href="../concepts/taint-and-toleration.html">
<b>3.5.5.</b>
Taint 和 Toleration污点和容忍
</a>
</li>
<li class="chapter " data-level="3.5.6" data-path="../concepts/garbage-collection.html">
<a href="../concepts/garbage-collection.html">
<b>3.5.6.</b>
垃圾收集
</a>
</li>
</ul>
</li>
<li class="chapter " data-level="3.6" data-path="../concepts/controllers.html">
<a href="../concepts/controllers.html">
<b>3.6.</b>
控制器
</a>
<ul class="articles">
<li class="chapter " data-level="3.6.1" data-path="../concepts/deployment.html">
<a href="../concepts/deployment.html">
<b>3.6.1.</b>
Deployment
</a>
</li>
<li class="chapter " data-level="3.6.2" data-path="../concepts/statefulset.html">
<a href="../concepts/statefulset.html">
<b>3.6.2.</b>
StatefulSet
</a>
</li>
<li class="chapter " data-level="3.6.3" data-path="../concepts/daemonset.html">
<a href="../concepts/daemonset.html">
<b>3.6.3.</b>
DaemonSet
</a>
</li>
<li class="chapter " data-level="3.6.4" data-path="../concepts/replicaset.html">
<a href="../concepts/replicaset.html">
<b>3.6.4.</b>
ReplicationController 和 ReplicaSet
</a>
</li>
<li class="chapter " data-level="3.6.5" data-path="../concepts/job.html">
<a href="../concepts/job.html">
<b>3.6.5.</b>
Job
</a>
</li>
<li class="chapter " data-level="3.6.6" data-path="../concepts/cronjob.html">
<a href="../concepts/cronjob.html">
<b>3.6.6.</b>
CronJob
</a>
</li>
<li class="chapter " data-level="3.6.7" data-path="../concepts/horizontal-pod-autoscaling.html">
<a href="../concepts/horizontal-pod-autoscaling.html">
<b>3.6.7.</b>
Horizontal Pod Autoscaling
</a>
<ul class="articles">
<li class="chapter " data-level="3.6.7.1" data-path="../concepts/custom-metrics-hpa.html">
<a href="../concepts/custom-metrics-hpa.html">
<b>3.6.7.1.</b>
自定义指标 HPA
</a>
</li>
</ul>
</li>
<li class="chapter " data-level="3.6.8" data-path="../concepts/admission-controller.html">
<a href="../concepts/admission-controller.html">
<b>3.6.8.</b>
准入控制器Admission Controller
</a>
</li>
</ul>
</li>
<li class="chapter " data-level="3.7" data-path="../concepts/service-discovery.html">
<a href="../concepts/service-discovery.html">
<b>3.7.</b>
服务发现
</a>
<ul class="articles">
<li class="chapter " data-level="3.7.1" data-path="../concepts/service.html">
<a href="../concepts/service.html">
<b>3.7.1.</b>
Service
</a>
</li>
<li class="chapter " data-level="3.7.2" data-path="../concepts/ingress.html">
<a href="../concepts/ingress.html">
<b>3.7.2.</b>
Ingress
</a>
<ul class="articles">
<li class="chapter " data-level="3.7.2.1" data-path="../concepts/traefik-ingress-controller.html">
<a href="../concepts/traefik-ingress-controller.html">
<b>3.7.2.1.</b>
Traefik Ingress Controller
</a>
</li>
</ul>
</li>
</ul>
</li>
<li class="chapter " data-level="3.8" data-path="../concepts/authentication-and-permission.html">
<a href="../concepts/authentication-and-permission.html">
<b>3.8.</b>
身份与权限控制
</a>
<ul class="articles">
<li class="chapter " data-level="3.8.1" data-path="../concepts/serviceaccount.html">
<a href="../concepts/serviceaccount.html">
<b>3.8.1.</b>
ServiceAccount
</a>
</li>
<li class="chapter " data-level="3.8.2" data-path="../concepts/rbac.html">
<a href="../concepts/rbac.html">
<b>3.8.2.</b>
RBAC—— 基于角色的访问控制
</a>
</li>
<li class="chapter " data-level="3.8.3" data-path="../concepts/network-policy.html">
<a href="../concepts/network-policy.html">
<b>3.8.3.</b>
NetworkPolicy
</a>
</li>
</ul>
</li>
<li class="chapter " data-level="3.9" data-path="../concepts/storage.html">
<a href="../concepts/storage.html">
<b>3.9.</b>
存储
</a>
<ul class="articles">
<li class="chapter " data-level="3.9.1" data-path="../concepts/secret.html">
<a href="../concepts/secret.html">
<b>3.9.1.</b>
Secret
</a>
</li>
<li class="chapter " data-level="3.9.2" data-path="../concepts/configmap.html">
<a href="../concepts/configmap.html">
<b>3.9.2.</b>
ConfigMap
</a>
<ul class="articles">
<li class="chapter " data-level="3.9.2.1" data-path="../concepts/configmap-hot-update.html">
<a href="../concepts/configmap-hot-update.html">
<b>3.9.2.1.</b>
ConfigMap 的热更新
</a>
</li>
</ul>
</li>
<li class="chapter " data-level="3.9.3" data-path="../concepts/volume.html">
<a href="../concepts/volume.html">
<b>3.9.3.</b>
Volume
</a>
</li>
<li class="chapter " data-level="3.9.4" data-path="../concepts/persistent-volume.html">
<a href="../concepts/persistent-volume.html">
<b>3.9.4.</b>
Persistent Volume持久化卷
</a>
</li>
<li class="chapter " data-level="3.9.5" data-path="../concepts/storageclass.html">
<a href="../concepts/storageclass.html">
<b>3.9.5.</b>
Storage Class
</a>
</li>
<li class="chapter " data-level="3.9.6" data-path="../concepts/local-persistent-storage.html">
<a href="../concepts/local-persistent-storage.html">
<b>3.9.6.</b>
本地持久化存储
</a>
</li>
</ul>
</li>
<li class="chapter " data-level="3.10" data-path="../concepts/extension.html">
<a href="../concepts/extension.html">
<b>3.10.</b>
集群扩展
</a>
<ul class="articles">
<li class="chapter " data-level="3.10.1" data-path="../concepts/custom-resource.html">
<a href="../concepts/custom-resource.html">
<b>3.10.1.</b>
使用自定义资源扩展 API
</a>
</li>
<li class="chapter " data-level="3.10.2" data-path="../concepts/crd.html">
<a href="../concepts/crd.html">
<b>3.10.2.</b>
使用 CRD 扩展 Kubernetes API
</a>
</li>
<li class="chapter " data-level="3.10.3" data-path="../concepts/aggregated-api-server.html">
<a href="../concepts/aggregated-api-server.html">
<b>3.10.3.</b>
Aggregated API Server
</a>
</li>
<li class="chapter " data-level="3.10.4" data-path="../concepts/apiservice.html">
<a href="../concepts/apiservice.html">
<b>3.10.4.</b>
APIService
</a>
</li>
<li class="chapter " data-level="3.10.5" data-path="../concepts/service-catalog.html">
<a href="../concepts/service-catalog.html">
<b>3.10.5.</b>
Service Catalog
</a>
</li>
</ul>
</li>
<li class="chapter " data-level="3.11" data-path="../concepts/scheduling.html">
<a href="../concepts/scheduling.html">
<b>3.11.</b>
资源调度
</a>
<ul class="articles">
<li class="chapter " data-level="3.11.1" data-path="../concepts/qos.html">
<a href="../concepts/qos.html">
<b>3.11.1.</b>
QoS服务质量等级
</a>
</li>
</ul>
</li>
<li class="header">用户指南</li>
<li class="chapter " data-level="4.1" data-path="../guide/">
<a href="../guide/">
<b>4.1.</b>
用户指南
</a>
</li>
<li class="chapter " data-level="4.2" data-path="../guide/resource-configuration.html">
<a href="../guide/resource-configuration.html">
<b>4.2.</b>
资源对象配置
</a>
<ul class="articles">
<li class="chapter " data-level="4.2.1" data-path="../guide/configure-liveness-readiness-probes.html">
<a href="../guide/configure-liveness-readiness-probes.html">
<b>4.2.1.</b>
配置 Pod 的 liveness 和 readiness 探针
</a>
</li>
<li class="chapter " data-level="4.2.2" data-path="../guide/configure-pod-service-account.html">
<a href="../guide/configure-pod-service-account.html">
<b>4.2.2.</b>
配置 Pod 的 Service Account
</a>
</li>
<li class="chapter " data-level="4.2.3" data-path="../guide/secret-configuration.html">
<a href="../guide/secret-configuration.html">
<b>4.2.3.</b>
Secret 配置
</a>
</li>
<li class="chapter " data-level="4.2.4" data-path="../guide/resource-quota-management.html">
<a href="../guide/resource-quota-management.html">
<b>4.2.4.</b>
管理 namespace 中的资源配额
</a>
</li>
</ul>
</li>
<li class="chapter " data-level="4.3" data-path="../guide/command-usage.html">
<a href="../guide/command-usage.html">
<b>4.3.</b>
命令使用
</a>
<ul class="articles">
<li class="chapter " data-level="4.3.1" data-path="../guide/docker-cli-to-kubectl.html">
<a href="../guide/docker-cli-to-kubectl.html">
<b>4.3.1.</b>
Docker 用户过渡到 kubectl 命令行指南
</a>
</li>
<li class="chapter " data-level="4.3.2" data-path="../guide/using-kubectl.html">
<a href="../guide/using-kubectl.html">
<b>4.3.2.</b>
kubectl 命令概览
</a>
</li>
<li class="chapter " data-level="4.3.3" data-path="../guide/kubectl-cheatsheet.html">
<a href="../guide/kubectl-cheatsheet.html">
<b>4.3.3.</b>
kubectl 命令技巧大全
</a>
</li>
<li class="chapter " data-level="4.3.4" data-path="../guide/using-etcdctl-to-access-kubernetes-data.html">
<a href="../guide/using-etcdctl-to-access-kubernetes-data.html">
<b>4.3.4.</b>
使用 etcdctl 访问 kubernetes 数据
</a>
</li>
</ul>
</li>
<li class="chapter " data-level="4.4" data-path="../guide/cluster-security-management.html">
<a href="../guide/cluster-security-management.html">
<b>4.4.</b>
集群安全性管理
</a>
<ul class="articles">
<li class="chapter " data-level="4.4.1" data-path="../guide/managing-tls-in-a-cluster.html">
<a href="../guide/managing-tls-in-a-cluster.html">
<b>4.4.1.</b>
管理集群中的 TLS
</a>
</li>
<li class="chapter " data-level="4.4.2" data-path="../guide/kubelet-authentication-authorization.html">
<a href="../guide/kubelet-authentication-authorization.html">
<b>4.4.2.</b>
kubelet 的认证授权
</a>
</li>
<li class="chapter " data-level="4.4.3" data-path="../guide/tls-bootstrapping.html">
<a href="../guide/tls-bootstrapping.html">
<b>4.4.3.</b>
TLS bootstrap
</a>
</li>
<li class="chapter " data-level="4.4.4" data-path="../guide/kubectl-user-authentication-authorization.html">
<a href="../guide/kubectl-user-authentication-authorization.html">
<b>4.4.4.</b>
创建用户认证授权的 kubeconfig 文件
</a>
</li>
<li class="chapter " data-level="4.4.5" data-path="../guide/ip-masq-agent.html">
<a href="../guide/ip-masq-agent.html">
<b>4.4.5.</b>
IP 伪装代理
</a>
</li>
<li class="chapter " data-level="4.4.6" data-path="../guide/auth-with-kubeconfig-or-token.html">
<a href="../guide/auth-with-kubeconfig-or-token.html">
<b>4.4.6.</b>
使用 kubeconfig 或 token 进行用户身份认证
</a>
</li>
<li class="chapter " data-level="4.4.7" data-path="../guide/authentication.html">
<a href="../guide/authentication.html">
<b>4.4.7.</b>
Kubernetes 中的用户与身份认证授权
</a>
</li>
<li class="chapter " data-level="4.4.8" data-path="../guide/kubernetes-security-best-practice.html">
<a href="../guide/kubernetes-security-best-practice.html">
<b>4.4.8.</b>
Kubernetes 集群安全性配置最佳实践
</a>
</li>
</ul>
</li>
<li class="chapter " data-level="4.5" data-path="../guide/access-kubernetes-cluster.html">
<a href="../guide/access-kubernetes-cluster.html">
<b>4.5.</b>
访问 Kubernetes 集群
</a>
<ul class="articles">
<li class="chapter " data-level="4.5.1" data-path="../guide/access-cluster.html">
<a href="../guide/access-cluster.html">
<b>4.5.1.</b>
访问集群
</a>
</li>
<li class="chapter " data-level="4.5.2" data-path="../guide/authenticate-across-clusters-kubeconfig.html">
<a href="../guide/authenticate-across-clusters-kubeconfig.html">
<b>4.5.2.</b>
使用 kubeconfig 文件配置跨集群认证
</a>
</li>
<li class="chapter " data-level="4.5.3" data-path="../guide/connecting-to-applications-port-forward.html">
<a href="../guide/connecting-to-applications-port-forward.html">
<b>4.5.3.</b>
通过端口转发访问集群中的应用程序
</a>
</li>
<li class="chapter " data-level="4.5.4" data-path="../guide/service-access-application-cluster.html">
<a href="../guide/service-access-application-cluster.html">
<b>4.5.4.</b>
使用 service 访问群集中的应用程序
</a>
</li>
<li class="chapter " data-level="4.5.5" data-path="../guide/accessing-kubernetes-pods-from-outside-of-the-cluster.html">
<a href="../guide/accessing-kubernetes-pods-from-outside-of-the-cluster.html">
<b>4.5.5.</b>
从外部访问 Kubernetes 中的 Pod
</a>
</li>
<li class="chapter " data-level="4.5.6" data-path="../guide/cabin-mobile-dashboard-for-kubernetes.html">
<a href="../guide/cabin-mobile-dashboard-for-kubernetes.html">
<b>4.5.6.</b>
Cabin - Kubernetes 手机客户端
</a>
</li>
<li class="chapter " data-level="4.5.7" data-path="../guide/kubernetes-desktop-client.html">
<a href="../guide/kubernetes-desktop-client.html">
<b>4.5.7.</b>
Kubernetic - Kubernetes 桌面客户端
</a>
</li>
<li class="chapter " data-level="4.5.8" data-path="../guide/kubernator-kubernetes-ui.html">
<a href="../guide/kubernator-kubernetes-ui.html">
<b>4.5.8.</b>
Kubernator - 更底层的 Kubernetes UI
</a>
</li>
</ul>
</li>
<li class="chapter " data-level="4.6" data-path="../guide/application-development-deployment-flow.html">
<a href="../guide/application-development-deployment-flow.html">
<b>4.6.</b>
在 Kubernetes 中开发部署应用
</a>
<ul class="articles">
<li class="chapter " data-level="4.6.1" data-path="../guide/deploy-applications-in-kubernetes.html">
<a href="../guide/deploy-applications-in-kubernetes.html">
<b>4.6.1.</b>
适用于 kubernetes 的应用开发部署流程
</a>
</li>
<li class="chapter " data-level="4.6.2" data-path="../guide/migrating-hadoop-yarn-to-kubernetes.html">
<a href="../guide/migrating-hadoop-yarn-to-kubernetes.html">
<b>4.6.2.</b>
迁移传统应用到 Kubernetes 中 —— 以 Hadoop YARN 为例
</a>
</li>
<li class="chapter " data-level="4.6.3" data-path="../guide/using-statefulset.html">
<a href="../guide/using-statefulset.html">
<b>4.6.3.</b>
使用 StatefulSet 部署用状态应用
</a>
</li>
</ul>
</li>
<li class="header">最佳实践</li>
<li class="chapter " data-level="5.1" data-path="./">
<a href="./">
<b>5.1.</b>
最佳实践概览
</a>
</li>
<li class="chapter " data-level="5.2" data-path="install-kubernetes-on-centos.html">
<a href="install-kubernetes-on-centos.html">
<b>5.2.</b>
在 CentOS 上部署 Kubernetes 集群
</a>
<ul class="articles">
<li class="chapter " data-level="5.2.1" data-path="create-tls-and-secret-key.html">
<a href="create-tls-and-secret-key.html">
<b>5.2.1.</b>
创建 TLS 证书和秘钥
</a>
</li>
<li class="chapter " data-level="5.2.2" data-path="create-kubeconfig.html">
<a href="create-kubeconfig.html">
<b>5.2.2.</b>
创建 kubeconfig 文件
</a>
</li>
<li class="chapter " data-level="5.2.3" data-path="etcd-cluster-installation.html">
<a href="etcd-cluster-installation.html">
<b>5.2.3.</b>
创建高可用 etcd 集群
</a>
</li>
<li class="chapter " data-level="5.2.4" data-path="kubectl-installation.html">
<a href="kubectl-installation.html">
<b>5.2.4.</b>
安装 kubectl 命令行工具
</a>
</li>
<li class="chapter " data-level="5.2.5" data-path="master-installation.html">
<a href="master-installation.html">
<b>5.2.5.</b>
部署 master 节点
</a>
</li>
<li class="chapter " data-level="5.2.6" data-path="flannel-installation.html">
<a href="flannel-installation.html">
<b>5.2.6.</b>
安装 flannel 网络插件
</a>
</li>
<li class="chapter " data-level="5.2.7" data-path="node-installation.html">
<a href="node-installation.html">
<b>5.2.7.</b>
部署 node 节点
</a>
</li>
<li class="chapter " data-level="5.2.8" data-path="kubedns-addon-installation.html">
<a href="kubedns-addon-installation.html">
<b>5.2.8.</b>
安装 kubedns 插件
</a>
</li>
<li class="chapter " data-level="5.2.9" data-path="dashboard-addon-installation.html">
<a href="dashboard-addon-installation.html">
<b>5.2.9.</b>
安装 dashboard 插件
</a>
</li>
<li class="chapter " data-level="5.2.10" data-path="heapster-addon-installation.html">
<a href="heapster-addon-installation.html">
<b>5.2.10.</b>
安装 heapster 插件
</a>
</li>
<li class="chapter " data-level="5.2.11" data-path="efk-addon-installation.html">
<a href="efk-addon-installation.html">
<b>5.2.11.</b>
安装 EFK 插件
</a>
</li>
</ul>
</li>
<li class="chapter " data-level="5.3" data-path="install-kubernetes-with-kubeadm.html">
<a href="install-kubernetes-with-kubeadm.html">
<b>5.3.</b>
生产级的 Kubernetes 简化管理工具 kubeadm
</a>
<ul class="articles">
<li class="chapter " data-level="5.3.1" data-path="install-kubernetes-on-ubuntu-server-16.04-with-kubeadm.html">
<a href="install-kubernetes-on-ubuntu-server-16.04-with-kubeadm.html">
<b>5.3.1.</b>
使用 kubeadm 在 Ubuntu Server 16.04 上快速构建测试集群
</a>
</li>
</ul>
</li>
<li class="chapter " data-level="5.4" data-path="service-discovery-and-loadbalancing.html">
<a href="service-discovery-and-loadbalancing.html">
<b>5.4.</b>
服务发现与负载均衡
</a>
<ul class="articles">
<li class="chapter " data-level="5.4.1" data-path="traefik-ingress-installation.html">
<a href="traefik-ingress-installation.html">
<b>5.4.1.</b>
安装 Traefik ingress
</a>
</li>
<li class="chapter " data-level="5.4.2" data-path="distributed-load-test.html">
<a href="distributed-load-test.html">
<b>5.4.2.</b>
分布式负载测试
</a>
</li>
<li class="chapter " data-level="5.4.3" data-path="network-and-cluster-perfermance-test.html">
<a href="network-and-cluster-perfermance-test.html">
<b>5.4.3.</b>
网络和集群性能测试
</a>
</li>
<li class="chapter " data-level="5.4.4" data-path="edge-node-configuration.html">
<a href="edge-node-configuration.html">
<b>5.4.4.</b>
边缘节点配置
</a>
</li>
<li class="chapter " data-level="5.4.5" data-path="nginx-ingress-installation.html">
<a href="nginx-ingress-installation.html">
<b>5.4.5.</b>
安装 Nginx ingress
</a>
</li>
<li class="chapter " data-level="5.4.6" data-path="dns-installation.html">
<a href="dns-installation.html">
<b>5.4.6.</b>
安装配置 DNS
</a>
<ul class="articles">
<li class="chapter active" data-level="5.4.6.1" data-path="configuring-dns.html">
<a href="configuring-dns.html">
<b>5.4.6.1.</b>
安装配置 Kube-dns
</a>
</li>
<li class="chapter " data-level="5.4.6.2" data-path="coredns.html">
<a href="coredns.html">
<b>5.4.6.2.</b>
安装配置 CoreDNS
</a>
</li>
</ul>
</li>
</ul>
</li>
<li class="chapter " data-level="5.5" data-path="operation.html">
<a href="operation.html">
<b>5.5.</b>
运维管理
</a>
<ul class="articles">
<li class="chapter " data-level="5.5.1" data-path="master-ha.html">
<a href="master-ha.html">
<b>5.5.1.</b>
Master 节点高可用
</a>
</li>
<li class="chapter " data-level="5.5.2" data-path="service-rolling-update.html">
<a href="service-rolling-update.html">
<b>5.5.2.</b>
服务滚动升级
</a>
</li>
<li class="chapter " data-level="5.5.3" data-path="app-log-collection.html">
<a href="app-log-collection.html">
<b>5.5.3.</b>
应用日志收集
</a>
</li>
<li class="chapter " data-level="5.5.4" data-path="configuration-best-practice.html">
<a href="configuration-best-practice.html">
<b>5.5.4.</b>
配置最佳实践
</a>
</li>
<li class="chapter " data-level="5.5.5" data-path="monitor.html">
<a href="monitor.html">
<b>5.5.5.</b>
集群及应用监控
</a>
</li>
<li class="chapter " data-level="5.5.6" data-path="data-persistence-problem.html">
<a href="data-persistence-problem.html">
<b>5.5.6.</b>
数据持久化问题
</a>
</li>
<li class="chapter " data-level="5.5.7" data-path="manage-compute-resources-container.html">
<a href="manage-compute-resources-container.html">
<b>5.5.7.</b>
管理容器的计算资源
</a>
</li>
<li class="chapter " data-level="5.5.8" data-path="federation.html">
<a href="federation.html">
<b>5.5.8.</b>
集群联邦
</a>
</li>
</ul>
</li>
<li class="chapter " data-level="5.6" data-path="storage.html">
<a href="storage.html">
<b>5.6.</b>
存储管理
</a>
<ul class="articles">
<li class="chapter " data-level="5.6.1" data-path="glusterfs.html">
<a href="glusterfs.html">
<b>5.6.1.</b>
GlusterFS
</a>
<ul class="articles">
<li class="chapter " data-level="5.6.1.1" data-path="using-glusterfs-for-persistent-storage.html">
<a href="using-glusterfs-for-persistent-storage.html">
<b>5.6.1.1.</b>
使用 GlusterFS 做持久化存储
</a>
</li>
<li class="chapter " data-level="5.6.1.2" data-path="using-heketi-gluster-for-persistent-storage.html">
<a href="using-heketi-gluster-for-persistent-storage.html">
<b>5.6.1.2.</b>
使用 Heketi 作为 Kubernetes 的持久存储 GlusterFS 的 external provisioner
</a>
</li>
<li class="chapter " data-level="5.6.1.3" data-path="storage-for-containers-using-glusterfs-with-openshift.html">
<a href="storage-for-containers-using-glusterfs-with-openshift.html">
<b>5.6.1.3.</b>
在 OpenShift 中使用 GlusterFS 做持久化存储
</a>
</li>
</ul>
</li>
<li class="chapter " data-level="5.6.2" data-path="glusterd-2.0.html">
<a href="glusterd-2.0.html">
<b>5.6.2.</b>
GlusterD-2.0
</a>
</li>
<li class="chapter " data-level="5.6.3" data-path="ceph.html">
<a href="ceph.html">
<b>5.6.3.</b>
Ceph
</a>
<ul class="articles">
<li class="chapter " data-level="5.6.3.1" data-path="ceph-helm-install-guide-zh.html">
<a href="ceph-helm-install-guide-zh.html">
<b>5.6.3.1.</b>
用 Helm 托管安装 Ceph 集群并提供后端存储
</a>
</li>
<li class="chapter " data-level="5.6.3.2" data-path="using-ceph-for-persistent-storage.html">
<a href="using-ceph-for-persistent-storage.html">
<b>5.6.3.2.</b>
使用 Ceph 做持久化存储
</a>
</li>
<li class="chapter " data-level="5.6.3.3" data-path="rbd-provisioner.html">
<a href="rbd-provisioner.html">
<b>5.6.3.3.</b>
使用 rbd-provisioner 提供 rbd 持久化存储
</a>
</li>
</ul>
</li>
<li class="chapter " data-level="5.6.4" data-path="openebs.html">
<a href="openebs.html">
<b>5.6.4.</b>
OpenEBS
</a>
<ul class="articles">
<li class="chapter " data-level="5.6.4.1" data-path="using-openebs-for-persistent-storage.html">
<a href="using-openebs-for-persistent-storage.html">
<b>5.6.4.1.</b>
使用 OpenEBS 做持久化存储
</a>
</li>
</ul>
</li>
<li class="chapter " data-level="5.6.5" data-path="rook.html">
<a href="rook.html">
<b>5.6.5.</b>
Rook
</a>
</li>
<li class="chapter " data-level="5.6.6" data-path="nfs.html">
<a href="nfs.html">
<b>5.6.6.</b>
NFS
</a>
<ul class="articles">
<li class="chapter " data-level="5.6.6.1" data-path="using-nfs-for-persistent-storage.html">
<a href="using-nfs-for-persistent-storage.html">
<b>5.6.6.1.</b>
利用 NFS 动态提供 Kubernetes 后端存储卷
</a>
</li>
</ul>
</li>
</ul>
</li>
<li class="chapter " data-level="5.7" data-path="monitoring.html">
<a href="monitoring.html">
<b>5.7.</b>
集群与应用监控
</a>
<ul class="articles">
<li class="chapter " data-level="5.7.1" data-path="heapster.html">
<a href="heapster.html">
<b>5.7.1.</b>
Heapster
</a>
<ul class="articles">
<li class="chapter " data-level="5.7.1.1" data-path="using-heapster-to-get-object-metrics.html">
<a href="using-heapster-to-get-object-metrics.html">
<b>5.7.1.1.</b>
使用 Heapster 获取集群和对象的 metric 数据
</a>
</li>
</ul>
</li>
<li class="chapter " data-level="5.7.2" data-path="prometheus.html">
<a href="prometheus.html">
<b>5.7.2.</b>
Prometheus
</a>
<ul class="articles">
<li class="chapter " data-level="5.7.2.1" data-path="using-prometheus-to-monitor-kuberentes-cluster.html">
<a href="using-prometheus-to-monitor-kuberentes-cluster.html">
<b>5.7.2.1.</b>
使用 Prometheus 监控 kubernetes 集群
</a>
</li>
<li class="chapter " data-level="5.7.2.2" data-path="promql.html">
<a href="promql.html">
<b>5.7.2.2.</b>
Prometheus 查询语言 PromQL 使用说明
</a>
</li>
</ul>
</li>
<li class="chapter " data-level="5.7.3" data-path="vistio-visualize-your-istio-mesh.html">
<a href="vistio-visualize-your-istio-mesh.html">
<b>5.7.3.</b>
使用 Vistio 监控 Istio 服务网格中的流量
</a>
</li>
</ul>
</li>
<li class="chapter " data-level="5.8" data-path="distributed-tracing.html">
<a href="distributed-tracing.html">
<b>5.8.</b>
分布式跟踪
</a>
<ul class="articles">
<li class="chapter " data-level="5.8.1" data-path="opentracing.html">
<a href="opentracing.html">
<b>5.8.1.</b>
OpenTracing
</a>
</li>
</ul>
</li>
<li class="chapter " data-level="5.9" data-path="services-management-tool.html">
<a href="services-management-tool.html">
<b>5.9.</b>
服务编排管理
</a>
<ul class="articles">
<li class="chapter " data-level="5.9.1" data-path="helm.html">
<a href="helm.html">
<b>5.9.1.</b>
使用 Helm 管理 Kubernetes 应用
</a>
</li>
<li class="chapter " data-level="5.9.2" data-path="create-private-charts-repo.html">
<a href="create-private-charts-repo.html">
<b>5.9.2.</b>
构建私有 Chart 仓库
</a>
</li>
</ul>
</li>
<li class="chapter " data-level="5.10" data-path="ci-cd.html">
<a href="ci-cd.html">
<b>5.10.</b>
持续集成与发布
</a>
<ul class="articles">
<li class="chapter " data-level="5.10.1" data-path="jenkins-ci-cd.html">
<a href="jenkins-ci-cd.html">
<b>5.10.1.</b>
使用 Jenkins 进行持续集成与发布
</a>
</li>
<li class="chapter " data-level="5.10.2" data-path="drone-ci-cd.html">
<a href="drone-ci-cd.html">
<b>5.10.2.</b>
使用 Drone 进行持续集成与发布
</a>
</li>
</ul>
</li>
<li class="chapter " data-level="5.11" data-path="update-and-upgrade.html">
<a href="update-and-upgrade.html">
<b>5.11.</b>
更新与升级
</a>
<ul class="articles">
<li class="chapter " data-level="5.11.1" data-path="manually-upgrade.html">
<a href="manually-upgrade.html">
<b>5.11.1.</b>
手动升级 Kubernetes 集群
</a>
</li>
<li class="chapter " data-level="5.11.2" data-path="dashboard-upgrade.html">
<a href="dashboard-upgrade.html">
<b>5.11.2.</b>
升级 dashboard
</a>
</li>
</ul>
</li>
<li class="chapter " data-level="5.12" data-path="controller-extended.html">
<a href="controller-extended.html">
<b>5.12.</b>
扩展控制器
</a>
<ul class="articles">
<li class="chapter " data-level="5.12.1" data-path="openkruise.html">
<a href="openkruise.html">
<b>5.12.1.</b>
OpenKruise
</a>
<ul class="articles">
<li class="chapter " data-level="5.12.1.1" data-path="in-place-update.html">
<a href="in-place-update.html">
<b>5.12.1.1.</b>
原地升级
</a>
</li>
</ul>
</li>
</ul>
</li>
<li class="header">领域应用</li>
<li class="chapter " data-level="6.1" data-path="../usecases/">
<a href="../usecases/">
<b>6.1.</b>
领域应用概览
</a>
</li>
<li class="chapter " data-level="6.2" data-path="../usecases/microservices.html">
<a href="../usecases/microservices.html">
<b>6.2.</b>
微服务架构
</a>
<ul class="articles">
<li class="chapter " data-level="6.2.1" data-path="../usecases/service-discovery-in-microservices.html">
<a href="../usecases/service-discovery-in-microservices.html">
<b>6.2.1.</b>
微服务中的服务发现
</a>
</li>
<li class="chapter " data-level="6.2.2" data-path="../usecases/microservices-for-java-developers.html">
<a href="../usecases/microservices-for-java-developers.html">
<b>6.2.2.</b>
使用 Java 构建微服务并发布到 Kubernetes 平台
</a>
<ul class="articles">
<li class="chapter " data-level="6.2.2.1" data-path="../usecases/spring-boot-quick-start-guide.html">
<a href="../usecases/spring-boot-quick-start-guide.html">
<b>6.2.2.1.</b>
Spring Boot 快速开始指南
</a>
</li>
</ul>
</li>
</ul>
</li>
<li class="chapter " data-level="6.3" data-path="../usecases/service-mesh.html">
<a href="../usecases/service-mesh.html">
<b>6.3.</b>
Service Mesh 服务网格
</a>
<ul class="articles">
<li class="chapter " data-level="6.3.1" data-path="../usecases/the-enterprise-path-to-service-mesh-architectures.html">
<a href="../usecases/the-enterprise-path-to-service-mesh-architectures.html">
<b>6.3.1.</b>
企业级服务网格架构
</a>
<ul class="articles">
<li class="chapter " data-level="6.3.1.1" data-path="../usecases/service-mesh-fundamental.html">
<a href="../usecases/service-mesh-fundamental.html">
<b>6.3.1.1.</b>
Service Mesh 基础
</a>
</li>
<li class="chapter " data-level="6.3.1.2" data-path="../usecases/comparing-service-mesh-technologies.html">
<a href="../usecases/comparing-service-mesh-technologies.html">
<b>6.3.1.2.</b>
Service Mesh 技术对比
</a>
</li>
<li class="chapter " data-level="6.3.1.3" data-path="../usecases/service-mesh-adoption-and-evolution.html">
<a href="../usecases/service-mesh-adoption-and-evolution.html">
<b>6.3.1.3.</b>
采纳和演进
</a>
</li>
<li class="chapter " data-level="6.3.1.4" data-path="../usecases/service-mesh-customization-and-integration.html">
<a href="../usecases/service-mesh-customization-and-integration.html">
<b>6.3.1.4.</b>
定制和集成
</a>
</li>
<li class="chapter " data-level="6.3.1.5" data-path="../usecases/service-mesh-conclusion.html">
<a href="../usecases/service-mesh-conclusion.html">
<b>6.3.1.5.</b>
总结
</a>
</li>
</ul>
</li>
<li class="chapter " data-level="6.3.2" data-path="../usecases/istio.html">
<a href="../usecases/istio.html">
<b>6.3.2.</b>
Istio
</a>
<ul class="articles">
<li class="chapter " data-level="6.3.2.1" data-path="../usecases/istio-installation.html">
<a href="../usecases/istio-installation.html">
<b>6.3.2.1.</b>
安装并试用 Istio service mesh
</a>
</li>
<li class="chapter " data-level="6.3.2.2" data-path="../usecases/sidecar-spec-in-istio.html">
<a href="../usecases/sidecar-spec-in-istio.html">
<b>6.3.2.2.</b>
Istio 中 sidecar 的注入规范及示例
</a>
</li>
<li class="chapter " data-level="6.3.2.3" data-path="../usecases/istio-community-tips.html">
<a href="../usecases/istio-community-tips.html">
<b>6.3.2.3.</b>
如何参与 Istio 社区及注意事项
</a>
</li>
<li class="chapter " data-level="6.3.2.4" data-path="../usecases/istio-tutorials-collection.html">
<a href="../usecases/istio-tutorials-collection.html">
<b>6.3.2.4.</b>
Istio 免费学习资源汇总
</a>
</li>
<li class="chapter " data-level="6.3.2.5" data-path="../usecases/understand-sidecar-injection-and-traffic-hijack-in-istio-service-mesh.html">
<a href="../usecases/understand-sidecar-injection-and-traffic-hijack-in-istio-service-mesh.html">
<b>6.3.2.5.</b>
Sidecar 的注入与流量劫持
</a>
</li>
<li class="chapter " data-level="6.3.2.6" data-path="../usecases/envoy-sidecar-routing-of-istio-service-mesh-deep-dive.html">
<a href="../usecases/envoy-sidecar-routing-of-istio-service-mesh-deep-dive.html">
<b>6.3.2.6.</b>
Envoy Sidecar 代理的路由转发
</a>
</li>
</ul>
</li>
<li class="chapter " data-level="6.3.3" data-path="../usecases/linkerd.html">
<a href="../usecases/linkerd.html">
<b>6.3.3.</b>
Linkerd
</a>
<ul class="articles">
<li class="chapter " data-level="6.3.3.1" data-path="../usecases/linkerd-user-guide.html">
<a href="../usecases/linkerd-user-guide.html">
<b>6.3.3.1.</b>
Linkerd 使用指南
</a>
</li>
</ul>
</li>
<li class="chapter " data-level="6.3.4" data-path="../usecases/conduit.html">
<a href="../usecases/conduit.html">
<b>6.3.4.</b>
Conduit
</a>
<ul class="articles">
<li class="chapter " data-level="6.3.4.1" data-path="../usecases/conduit-overview.html">
<a href="../usecases/conduit-overview.html">
<b>6.3.4.1.</b>
Condiut 概览
</a>
</li>
<li class="chapter " data-level="6.3.4.2" data-path="../usecases/conduit-installation.html">
<a href="../usecases/conduit-installation.html">
<b>6.3.4.2.</b>
安装 Conduit
</a>
</li>
</ul>
</li>
<li class="chapter " data-level="6.3.5" data-path="../usecases/envoy.html">
<a href="../usecases/envoy.html">
<b>6.3.5.</b>
Envoy
</a>
<ul class="articles">
<li class="chapter " data-level="6.3.5.1" data-path="../usecases/envoy-terminology.html">
<a href="../usecases/envoy-terminology.html">
<b>6.3.5.1.</b>
Envoy 的架构与基本术语
</a>
</li>
<li class="chapter " data-level="6.3.5.2" data-path="../usecases/envoy-front-proxy.html">
<a href="../usecases/envoy-front-proxy.html">
<b>6.3.5.2.</b>
Envoy 作为前端代理
</a>
</li>
<li class="chapter " data-level="6.3.5.3" data-path="../usecases/envoy-mesh-in-kubernetes-tutorial.html">
<a href="../usecases/envoy-mesh-in-kubernetes-tutorial.html">
<b>6.3.5.3.</b>
Envoy mesh 教程
</a>
</li>
</ul>
</li>
<li class="chapter " data-level="6.3.6" data-path="../usecases/mosn.html">
<a href="../usecases/mosn.html">
<b>6.3.6.</b>
MOSN
</a>
</li>
</ul>
</li>
<li class="chapter " data-level="6.4" data-path="../usecases/big-data.html">
<a href="../usecases/big-data.html">
<b>6.4.</b>
大数据
</a>
<ul class="articles">
<li class="chapter " data-level="6.4.1" data-path="../usecases/spark-standalone-on-kubernetes.html">
<a href="../usecases/spark-standalone-on-kubernetes.html">
<b>6.4.1.</b>
Spark standalone on Kubernetes
</a>
</li>
<li class="chapter " data-level="6.4.2" data-path="../usecases/running-spark-with-kubernetes-native-scheduler.html">
<a href="../usecases/running-spark-with-kubernetes-native-scheduler.html">
<b>6.4.2.</b>
运行支持 Kubernetes 原生调度的 Spark 程序
</a>
</li>
</ul>
</li>
<li class="chapter " data-level="6.5" data-path="../usecases/serverless.html">
<a href="../usecases/serverless.html">
<b>6.5.</b>
Serverless 架构
</a>
<ul class="articles">
<li class="chapter " data-level="6.5.1" data-path="../usecases/understanding-serverless.html">
<a href="../usecases/understanding-serverless.html">
<b>6.5.1.</b>
理解 Serverless
</a>
</li>
<li class="chapter " data-level="6.5.2" data-path="../usecases/faas.html">
<a href="../usecases/faas.html">
<b>6.5.2.</b>
FaaS函数即服务
</a>
<ul class="articles">
<li class="chapter " data-level="6.5.2.1" data-path="../usecases/openfaas-quick-start.html">
<a href="../usecases/openfaas-quick-start.html">
<b>6.5.2.1.</b>
OpenFaaS 快速入门指南
</a>
</li>
</ul>
</li>
<li class="chapter " data-level="6.5.3" data-path="../usecases/knative.html">
<a href="../usecases/knative.html">
<b>6.5.3.</b>
Knative
</a>
</li>
</ul>
</li>
<li class="chapter " data-level="6.6" data-path="../usecases/cloud-native-app-standard.html">
<a href="../usecases/cloud-native-app-standard.html">
<b>6.6.</b>
云原生应用标准
</a>
<ul class="articles">
<li class="chapter " data-level="6.6.1" data-path="../usecases/oam.html">
<a href="../usecases/oam.html">
<b>6.6.1.</b>
OAM开放应用模型
</a>
</li>
<li class="chapter " data-level="6.6.2" data-path="../usecases/crossplane.html">
<a href="../usecases/crossplane.html">
<b>6.6.2.</b>
Crossplane
</a>
</li>
</ul>
</li>
<li class="chapter " data-level="6.7" data-path="../usecases/edge-computing.html">
<a href="../usecases/edge-computing.html">
<b>6.7.</b>
边缘计算
</a>
</li>
<li class="chapter " data-level="6.8" data-path="../usecases/ai.html">
<a href="../usecases/ai.html">
<b>6.8.</b>
人工智能
</a>
</li>
<li class="header">开发指南</li>
<li class="chapter " data-level="7.1" data-path="../develop/">
<a href="../develop/">
<b>7.1.</b>
开发指南概览
</a>
</li>
<li class="chapter " data-level="7.2" data-path="../develop/sigs-and-working-group.html">
<a href="../develop/sigs-and-working-group.html">
<b>7.2.</b>
SIG 和工作组
</a>
</li>
<li class="chapter " data-level="7.3" data-path="../develop/developing-environment.html">
<a href="../develop/developing-environment.html">
<b>7.3.</b>
开发环境搭建
</a>
<ul class="articles">
<li class="chapter " data-level="7.3.1" data-path="../develop/using-vagrant-and-virtualbox-for-development.html">
<a href="../develop/using-vagrant-and-virtualbox-for-development.html">
<b>7.3.1.</b>
本地分布式开发环境搭建(使用 Vagrant 和 Virtualbox
</a>
</li>
</ul>
</li>
<li class="chapter " data-level="7.4" data-path="../develop/testing.html">
<a href="../develop/testing.html">
<b>7.4.</b>
单元测试和集成测试
</a>
</li>
<li class="chapter " data-level="7.5" data-path="../develop/client-go-sample.html">
<a href="../develop/client-go-sample.html">
<b>7.5.</b>
client-go 示例
</a>
</li>
<li class="chapter " data-level="7.6" data-path="../develop/operator.html">
<a href="../develop/operator.html">
<b>7.6.</b>
Operator
</a>
<ul class="articles">
<li class="chapter " data-level="7.6.1" data-path="../develop/operator-sdk.html">
<a href="../develop/operator-sdk.html">
<b>7.6.1.</b>
operator-sdk
</a>
</li>
</ul>
</li>
<li class="chapter " data-level="7.7" data-path="../develop/kubebuilder.html">
<a href="../develop/kubebuilder.html">
<b>7.7.</b>
kubebuilder
</a>
<ul class="articles">
<li class="chapter " data-level="7.7.1" data-path="../develop/kubebuilder-example.html">
<a href="../develop/kubebuilder-example.html">
<b>7.7.1.</b>
使用 kubebuilder 创建 operator 示例
</a>
</li>
</ul>
</li>
<li class="chapter " data-level="7.8" data-path="../develop/advance-developer.html">
<a href="../develop/advance-developer.html">
<b>7.8.</b>
高级开发指南
</a>
</li>
<li class="chapter " data-level="7.9" data-path="../develop/contribute.html">
<a href="../develop/contribute.html">
<b>7.9.</b>
社区贡献
</a>
</li>
<li class="chapter " data-level="7.10" data-path="../develop/minikube.html">
<a href="../develop/minikube.html">
<b>7.10.</b>
Minikube
</a>
</li>
<li class="header">CNCF云原生计算基金会</li>
<li class="chapter " data-level="8.1" data-path="../cloud-native/cncf.html">
<a href="../cloud-native/cncf.html">
<b>8.1.</b>
CNCF - 云原生计算基金会简介
</a>
</li>
<li class="chapter " data-level="8.2" data-path="../cloud-native/cncf-charter.html">
<a href="../cloud-native/cncf-charter.html">
<b>8.2.</b>
CNCF 章程
</a>
</li>
<li class="chapter " data-level="8.3" data-path="../cloud-native/cncf-sig.html">
<a href="../cloud-native/cncf-sig.html">
<b>8.3.</b>
CNCF 特别兴趣小组SIG说明
</a>
</li>
<li class="chapter " data-level="8.4" data-path="../cloud-native/cncf-sandbox-criteria.html">
<a href="../cloud-native/cncf-sandbox-criteria.html">
<b>8.4.</b>
开源项目加入 CNCF Sandbox 的要求
</a>
</li>
<li class="chapter " data-level="8.5" data-path="../cloud-native/cncf-project-governing.html">
<a href="../cloud-native/cncf-project-governing.html">
<b>8.5.</b>
CNCF 中的项目治理
</a>
</li>
<li class="chapter " data-level="8.6" data-path="../cloud-native/cncf-ambassador.html">
<a href="../cloud-native/cncf-ambassador.html">
<b>8.6.</b>
CNCF Ambassador
</a>
</li>
<li class="header">附录</li>
<li class="chapter " data-level="9.1" data-path="../appendix/">
<a href="../appendix/">
<b>9.1.</b>
附录说明
</a>
</li>
<li class="chapter " data-level="9.2" data-path="../appendix/debug-kubernetes-services.html">
<a href="../appendix/debug-kubernetes-services.html">
<b>9.2.</b>
Kubernetes 中的应用故障排查
</a>
</li>
<li class="chapter " data-level="9.3" data-path="../appendix/material-share.html">
<a href="../appendix/material-share.html">
<b>9.3.</b>
Kubernetes 相关资讯和情报链接
</a>
</li>
<li class="chapter " data-level="9.4" data-path="../appendix/docker-best-practice.html">
<a href="../appendix/docker-best-practice.html">
<b>9.4.</b>
Docker 最佳实践
</a>
</li>
<li class="chapter " data-level="9.5" data-path="../appendix/tricks.html">
<a href="../appendix/tricks.html">
<b>9.5.</b>
使用技巧
</a>
</li>
<li class="chapter " data-level="9.6" data-path="../appendix/issues.html">
<a href="../appendix/issues.html">
<b>9.6.</b>
问题记录
</a>
</li>
<li class="chapter " data-level="9.7" data-path="../appendix/kubernetes-changelog.html">
<a href="../appendix/kubernetes-changelog.html">
<b>9.7.</b>
Kubernetes 版本更新日志
</a>
<ul class="articles">
<li class="chapter " data-level="9.7.1" data-path="../appendix/kubernetes-1.7-changelog.html">
<a href="../appendix/kubernetes-1.7-changelog.html">
<b>9.7.1.</b>
Kubernetes1.7 更新日志
</a>
</li>
<li class="chapter " data-level="9.7.2" data-path="../appendix/kubernetes-1.8-changelog.html">
<a href="../appendix/kubernetes-1.8-changelog.html">
<b>9.7.2.</b>
Kubernetes1.8 更新日志
</a>
</li>
<li class="chapter " data-level="9.7.3" data-path="../appendix/kubernetes-1.9-changelog.html">
<a href="../appendix/kubernetes-1.9-changelog.html">
<b>9.7.3.</b>
Kubernetes1.9 更新日志
</a>
</li>
<li class="chapter " data-level="9.7.4" data-path="../appendix/kubernetes-1.10-changelog.html">
<a href="../appendix/kubernetes-1.10-changelog.html">
<b>9.7.4.</b>
Kubernetes1.10 更新日志
</a>
</li>
<li class="chapter " data-level="9.7.5" data-path="../appendix/kubernetes-1.11-changelog.html">
<a href="../appendix/kubernetes-1.11-changelog.html">
<b>9.7.5.</b>
Kubernetes1.11 更新日志
</a>
</li>
<li class="chapter " data-level="9.7.6" data-path="../appendix/kubernetes-1.12-changelog.html">
<a href="../appendix/kubernetes-1.12-changelog.html">
<b>9.7.6.</b>
Kubernetes1.12 更新日志
</a>
</li>
<li class="chapter " data-level="9.7.7" data-path="../appendix/kubernetes-1.13-changelog.html">
<a href="../appendix/kubernetes-1.13-changelog.html">
<b>9.7.7.</b>
Kubernetes1.13 更新日志
</a>
</li>
<li class="chapter " data-level="9.7.8" data-path="../appendix/kubernetes-1.14-changelog.html">
<a href="../appendix/kubernetes-1.14-changelog.html">
<b>9.7.8.</b>
Kubernetes1.14 更新日志
</a>
</li>
<li class="chapter " data-level="9.7.9" data-path="../appendix/kubernetes-1.15-changelog.html">
<a href="../appendix/kubernetes-1.15-changelog.html">
<b>9.7.9.</b>
Kubernetes1.15 更新日志
</a>
</li>
</ul>
</li>
<li class="chapter " data-level="9.8" data-path="../appendix/summary-and-outlook.html">
<a href="../appendix/summary-and-outlook.html">
<b>9.8.</b>
Kubernetes 及云原生年度总结及展望
</a>
<ul class="articles">
<li class="chapter " data-level="9.8.1" data-path="../appendix/kubernetes-and-cloud-native-summary-in-2017-and-outlook-for-2018.html">
<a href="../appendix/kubernetes-and-cloud-native-summary-in-2017-and-outlook-for-2018.html">
<b>9.8.1.</b>
Kubernetes 与云原生 2017 年年终总结及 2018 年展望
</a>
</li>
<li class="chapter " data-level="9.8.2" data-path="../appendix/kubernetes-and-cloud-native-summary-in-2018-and-outlook-for-2019.html">
<a href="../appendix/kubernetes-and-cloud-native-summary-in-2018-and-outlook-for-2019.html">
<b>9.8.2.</b>
Kubernetes 与云原生 2018 年年终总结及 2019 年展望
</a>
</li>
</ul>
</li>
<li class="chapter " data-level="9.9" data-path="../appendix/cncf-annual-report.html">
<a href="../appendix/cncf-annual-report.html">
<b>9.9.</b>
CNCF 年度报告解读
</a>
<ul class="articles">
<li class="chapter " data-level="9.9.1" data-path="../appendix/cncf-annual-report-2018.html">
<a href="../appendix/cncf-annual-report-2018.html">
<b>9.9.1.</b>
CNCF 2018 年年度报告解读
</a>
</li>
</ul>
</li>
<li class="chapter " data-level="9.10" data-path="../appendix/about-kcsp.html">
<a href="../appendix/about-kcsp.html">
<b>9.10.</b>
Kubernetes 认证服务提供商KCSP说明
</a>
</li>
<li class="chapter " data-level="9.11" data-path="../appendix/about-cka-candidate.html">
<a href="../appendix/about-cka-candidate.html">
<b>9.11.</b>
认证 Kubernetes 管理员CKA说明
</a>
</li>
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<h1>
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<a href=".." >安装配置 Kube-dns</a>
</h1>
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<h1 id="&#x5B89;&#x88C5;&#x914D;&#x7F6E;kube-dns">&#x5B89;&#x88C5;&#x914D;&#x7F6E;kube-dns</h1>
<p>&#x5728;&#x6211;&#x4EEC;&#x5B89;&#x88C5;Kubernetes&#x96C6;&#x7FA4;&#x7684;&#x65F6;&#x5019;&#x5C31;&#x5DF2;&#x7ECF;&#x5B89;&#x88C5;&#x4E86;kube-dns&#x63D2;&#x4EF6;&#xFF0C;&#x8FD9;&#x4E2A;&#x63D2;&#x4EF6;&#x4E5F;&#x662F;&#x5B98;&#x65B9;&#x63A8;&#x8350;&#x5B89;&#x88C5;&#x7684;&#x3002;&#x901A;&#x8FC7;&#x5C06; Service &#x6CE8;&#x518C;&#x5230; DNS &#x4E2D;&#xFF0C;Kuberentes &#x53EF;&#x4EE5;&#x4E3A;&#x6211;&#x4EEC;&#x63D0;&#x4F9B;&#x4E00;&#x79CD;&#x7B80;&#x5355;&#x7684;&#x670D;&#x52A1;&#x6CE8;&#x518C;&#x53D1;&#x73B0;&#x4E0E;&#x8D1F;&#x8F7D;&#x5747;&#x8861;&#x65B9;&#x5F0F;&#x3002;</p>
<p><a href="https://coredns.io" target="_blank">CoreDNS</a>&#x4F5C;&#x4E3A;CNCF&#x4E2D;&#x7684;&#x6258;&#x7BA1;&#x7684;&#x4E00;&#x4E2A;&#x9879;&#x76EE;&#xFF0C;&#x5728;Kuberentes1.9&#x7248;&#x672C;&#x4E2D;&#xFF0C;&#x4F7F;&#x7528;kubeadm&#x65B9;&#x5F0F;&#x5B89;&#x88C5;&#x7684;&#x96C6;&#x7FA4;&#x53EF;&#x4EE5;&#x901A;&#x8FC7;&#x4EE5;&#x4E0B;&#x547D;&#x4EE4;&#x76F4;&#x63A5;&#x5B89;&#x88C5;CoreDNS&#x3002;</p>
<pre class="language-"><code class="lang-bash">kubeadm init --feature-gates<span class="token operator">=</span>CoreDNS<span class="token operator">=</span>true
</code></pre>
<p>&#x60A8;&#x4E5F;&#x53EF;&#x4EE5;&#x4F7F;&#x7528;CoreDNS&#x66FF;&#x6362;Kubernetes&#x63D2;&#x4EF6;kube-dns&#xFF0C;&#x53EF;&#x4EE5;&#x4F7F;&#x7528; Pod &#x90E8;&#x7F72;&#x4E5F;&#x53EF;&#x4EE5;&#x72EC;&#x7ACB;&#x90E8;&#x7F72;&#xFF0C;&#x8BF7;&#x53C2;&#x8003;<a href="https://kubernetes.io/docs/tasks/administer-cluster/coredns/" target="_blank">Using CoreDNS for Service Discovery</a>&#xFF0C;&#x4E0B;&#x6587;&#x5C06;&#x4ECB;&#x7ECD;&#x5982;&#x4F55;&#x914D;&#x7F6E;kube-dns&#x3002;</p>
<h2 id="kube-dns">kube-dns</h2>
<p>kube-dns&#x662F;Kubernetes&#x4E2D;&#x7684;&#x4E00;&#x4E2A;&#x5185;&#x7F6E;&#x63D2;&#x4EF6;&#xFF0C;&#x76EE;&#x524D;&#x4F5C;&#x4E3A;&#x4E00;&#x4E2A;&#x72EC;&#x7ACB;&#x7684;&#x5F00;&#x6E90;&#x9879;&#x76EE;&#x7EF4;&#x62A4;&#xFF0C;&#x89C1;<a href="https://github.com/kubernetes/dns" target="_blank">https://github.com/kubernetes/dns</a>&#x3002;</p>
<p>&#x4E0B;&#x6587;&#x4E2D;&#x7ED9;&#x51FA;&#x4E86;&#x914D;&#x7F6E; DNS Pod &#x7684;&#x63D0;&#x793A;&#x548C;&#x5B9A;&#x4E49; DNS &#x89E3;&#x6790;&#x8FC7;&#x7A0B;&#x4EE5;&#x53CA;&#x8BCA;&#x65AD; DNS &#x95EE;&#x9898;&#x7684;&#x6307;&#x5357;&#x3002;</p>
<h2 id="&#x524D;&#x63D0;&#x8981;&#x6C42;">&#x524D;&#x63D0;&#x8981;&#x6C42;</h2>
<ul>
<li>Kubernetes 1.6 &#x53CA;&#x4EE5;&#x4E0A;&#x7248;&#x672C;&#x3002;</li>
<li>&#x96C6;&#x7FA4;&#x5FC5;&#x987B;&#x4F7F;&#x7528; <code>kube-dns</code> &#x63D2;&#x4EF6;&#x8FDB;&#x884C;&#x914D;&#x7F6E;&#x3002;</li>
</ul>
<h2 id="kube-dns-&#x4ECB;&#x7ECD;">kube-dns &#x4ECB;&#x7ECD;</h2>
<p>&#x4ECE; Kubernetes v1.3 &#x7248;&#x672C;&#x5F00;&#x59CB;&#xFF0C;&#x4F7F;&#x7528; cluster add-on &#x63D2;&#x4EF6;&#x7BA1;&#x7406;&#x5668;&#x56DE;&#x81EA;&#x52A8;&#x542F;&#x52A8;&#x5185;&#x7F6E;&#x7684; DNS&#x3002;</p>
<p>Kubernetes DNS pod &#x4E2D;&#x5305;&#x62EC; 3 &#x4E2A;&#x5BB9;&#x5668;&#xFF1A;</p>
<ul>
<li><code>kubedns</code>&#xFF1A;<code>kubedns</code> &#x8FDB;&#x7A0B;&#x76D1;&#x89C6; Kubernetes master &#x4E2D;&#x7684; Service &#x548C; Endpoint &#x7684;&#x53D8;&#x5316;&#xFF0C;&#x5E76;&#x7EF4;&#x62A4;&#x5185;&#x5B58;&#x67E5;&#x627E;&#x7ED3;&#x6784;&#x6765;&#x670D;&#x52A1;DNS&#x8BF7;&#x6C42;&#x3002;</li>
<li><code>dnsmasq</code>&#xFF1A;<code>dnsmasq</code> &#x5BB9;&#x5668;&#x6DFB;&#x52A0; DNS &#x7F13;&#x5B58;&#x4EE5;&#x63D0;&#x9AD8;&#x6027;&#x80FD;&#x3002;</li>
<li><code>sidecar</code>&#xFF1A;<code>sidecar</code> &#x5BB9;&#x5668;&#x5728;&#x6267;&#x884C;&#x53CC;&#x91CD;&#x5065;&#x5EB7;&#x68C0;&#x67E5;&#xFF08;&#x9488;&#x5BF9; <code>dnsmasq</code> &#x548C; <code>kubedns</code>&#xFF09;&#x65F6;&#x63D0;&#x4F9B;&#x5355;&#x4E2A;&#x5065;&#x5EB7;&#x68C0;&#x67E5;&#x7AEF;&#x70B9;&#xFF08;&#x76D1;&#x542C;&#x5728;10054&#x7AEF;&#x53E3;&#xFF09;&#x3002;</li>
</ul>
<p>DNS pod &#x5177;&#x6709;&#x9759;&#x6001; IP &#x5E76;&#x4F5C;&#x4E3A; Kubernetes &#x670D;&#x52A1;&#x66B4;&#x9732;&#x51FA;&#x6765;&#x3002;&#x8BE5;&#x9759;&#x6001; IP &#x5206;&#x914D;&#x540E;&#xFF0C;kubelet &#x4F1A;&#x5C06;&#x4F7F;&#x7528; <code>--cluster-dns = <span class="token tag"><span class="token tag"><span class="token punctuation">&lt;</span>dns-service-ip</span><span class="token punctuation">&gt;</span></span></code> &#x6807;&#x5FD7;&#x914D;&#x7F6E;&#x7684; DNS &#x4F20;&#x9012;&#x7ED9;&#x6BCF;&#x4E2A;&#x5BB9;&#x5668;&#x3002;</p>
<p>DNS &#x540D;&#x79F0;&#x4E5F;&#x9700;&#x8981;&#x57DF;&#x540D;&#x3002;&#x672C;&#x5730;&#x57DF;&#x53EF;&#x4EE5;&#x4F7F;&#x7528;&#x6807;&#x5FD7; <code>--cluster-domain = <span class="token tag"><span class="token tag"><span class="token punctuation">&lt;</span>default-local-domain</span><span class="token punctuation">&gt;</span></span></code> &#x5728; kubelet &#x4E2D;&#x914D;&#x7F6E;&#x3002;</p>
<p>Kubernetes&#x96C6;&#x7FA4;DNS&#x670D;&#x52A1;&#x5668;&#x57FA;&#x4E8E; <a href="https://github.com/skynetservices/skydns" target="_blank">SkyDNS</a> &#x5E93;&#x3002;&#x5B83;&#x652F;&#x6301;&#x6B63;&#x5411;&#x67E5;&#x627E;&#xFF08;A &#x8BB0;&#x5F55;&#xFF09;&#xFF0C;&#x670D;&#x52A1;&#x67E5;&#x627E;&#xFF08;SRV &#x8BB0;&#x5F55;&#xFF09;&#x548C;&#x53CD;&#x5411; IP &#x5730;&#x5740;&#x67E5;&#x627E;&#xFF08;PTR &#x8BB0;&#x5F55;&#xFF09;</p>
<h2 id="kube-dns-&#x652F;&#x6301;&#x7684;-dns-&#x683C;&#x5F0F;">kube-dns &#x652F;&#x6301;&#x7684; DNS &#x683C;&#x5F0F;</h2>
<p>kube-dns &#x5C06;&#x5206;&#x522B;&#x4E3A; service &#x548C; pod &#x751F;&#x6210;&#x4E0D;&#x540C;&#x683C;&#x5F0F;&#x7684; DNS &#x8BB0;&#x5F55;&#x3002;</p>
<p><strong>Service</strong></p>
<ul>
<li>A&#x8BB0;&#x5F55;&#xFF1A;&#x751F;&#x6210;<code>my-svc.my-namespace.svc.cluster.local</code>&#x57DF;&#x540D;&#xFF0C;&#x89E3;&#x6790;&#x6210; IP &#x5730;&#x5740;&#xFF0C;&#x5206;&#x4E3A;&#x4E24;&#x79CD;&#x60C5;&#x51B5;&#xFF1A;<ul>
<li>&#x666E;&#x901A; Service&#xFF1A;&#x89E3;&#x6790;&#x6210; ClusterIP</li>
<li>Headless Service&#xFF1A;&#x89E3;&#x6790;&#x4E3A;&#x6307;&#x5B9A; Pod &#x7684; IP &#x5217;&#x8868;</li>
</ul>
</li>
<li>SRV&#x8BB0;&#x5F55;&#xFF1A;&#x4E3A;&#x547D;&#x540D;&#x7684;&#x7AEF;&#x53E3;&#xFF08;&#x666E;&#x901A; Service &#x6216; Headless Service&#xFF09;&#x751F;&#x6210; <code>_my-port-name._my-port-protocol.my-svc.my-namespace.svc.cluster.local</code> &#x7684;&#x57DF;&#x540D;</li>
</ul>
<p><strong>Pod</strong></p>
<ul>
<li>A&#x8BB0;&#x5F55;&#xFF1A;&#x751F;&#x6210;&#x57DF;&#x540D; <code>pod-ip.my-namespace.pod.cluster.local</code></li>
</ul>
<h2 id="kube-dns-&#x5B58;&#x6839;&#x57DF;&#x540D;">kube-dns &#x5B58;&#x6839;&#x57DF;&#x540D;</h2>
<p>&#x53EF;&#x4EE5;&#x5728; Pod &#x4E2D;&#x6307;&#x5B9A; hostname &#x548C; subdomain&#xFF1A;<code>hostname.custom-subdomain.default.svc.cluster.local</code>&#xFF0C;&#x4F8B;&#x5982;&#xFF1A;</p>
<pre class="language-"><code class="lang-yaml"><span class="token key atrule">apiVersion</span><span class="token punctuation">:</span> v1
<span class="token key atrule">kind</span><span class="token punctuation">:</span> Pod
<span class="token key atrule">metadata</span><span class="token punctuation">:</span>
<span class="token key atrule">name</span><span class="token punctuation">:</span> busybox
<span class="token key atrule">labels</span><span class="token punctuation">:</span>
<span class="token key atrule">name</span><span class="token punctuation">:</span> busybox
<span class="token key atrule">spec</span><span class="token punctuation">:</span>
<span class="token key atrule">hostname</span><span class="token punctuation">:</span> busybox<span class="token punctuation">-</span><span class="token number">1</span>
<span class="token key atrule">subdomain</span><span class="token punctuation">:</span> busybox<span class="token punctuation">-</span>subdomain
<span class="token key atrule">containers</span><span class="token punctuation">:</span>
<span class="token key atrule">name</span><span class="token punctuation">:</span> busybox
<span class="token punctuation">-</span> <span class="token key atrule">image</span><span class="token punctuation">:</span> busybox
<span class="token key atrule">command</span><span class="token punctuation">:</span>
<span class="token punctuation">-</span> sleep
<span class="token punctuation">-</span> <span class="token string">&quot;3600&quot;</span>
</code></pre>
<p>&#x8BE5; Pod &#x7684;&#x57DF;&#x540D;&#x662F; <code>busybox-1.busybox-subdomain.default.svc.cluster.local</code>&#x3002;</p>
<h2 id="&#x7EE7;&#x627F;&#x8282;&#x70B9;&#x7684;-dns">&#x7EE7;&#x627F;&#x8282;&#x70B9;&#x7684; DNS</h2>
<p>&#x8FD0;&#x884C; Pod &#x65F6;&#xFF0C;kubelet &#x5C06;&#x9884;&#x5148;&#x914D;&#x7F6E;&#x96C6;&#x7FA4; DNS &#x670D;&#x52A1;&#x5668;&#x5230; Pod &#x4E2D;&#xFF0C;&#x5E76;&#x641C;&#x7D22;&#x8282;&#x70B9;&#x81EA;&#x5DF1;&#x7684; DNS &#x8BBE;&#x7F6E;&#x8DEF;&#x5F84;&#x3002;&#x5982;&#x679C;&#x8282;&#x70B9;&#x80FD;&#x591F;&#x89E3;&#x6790;&#x7279;&#x5B9A;&#x4E8E;&#x8F83;&#x5927;&#x73AF;&#x5883;&#x7684; DNS &#x540D;&#x79F0;&#xFF0C;&#x90A3;&#x4E48; Pod &#x5E94;&#x8BE5;&#x4E5F;&#x80FD;&#x591F;&#x89E3;&#x6790;&#x3002;&#x8BF7;&#x53C2;&#x9605;&#x4E0B;&#x9762;&#x7684;&#x5DF2;&#x77E5;&#x95EE;&#x9898;&#x4EE5;&#x4E86;&#x89E3;&#x8B66;&#x544A;&#x3002;</p>
<p>&#x5982;&#x679C;&#x60A8;&#x4E0D;&#x60F3;&#x8981;&#x8FD9;&#x4E2A;&#xFF0C;&#x6216;&#x8005;&#x60A8;&#x60F3;&#x8981;&#x4E3A; Pod &#x8BBE;&#x7F6E;&#x4E0D;&#x540C;&#x7684; DNS &#x914D;&#x7F6E;&#xFF0C;&#x60A8;&#x53EF;&#x4EE5;&#x7ED9; kubelet &#x6307;&#x5B9A; <code>--resolv-conf</code> &#x6807;&#x5FD7;&#x3002;&#x5C06;&#x8BE5;&#x503C;&#x8BBE;&#x7F6E;&#x4E3A; &quot;&quot; &#x610F;&#x5473;&#x7740; Pod &#x4E0D;&#x7EE7;&#x627F; DNS&#x3002;&#x5C06;&#x5176;&#x8BBE;&#x7F6E;&#x4E3A;&#x6709;&#x6548;&#x7684;&#x6587;&#x4EF6;&#x8DEF;&#x5F84;&#x610F;&#x5473;&#x7740; kubelet &#x5C06;&#x4F7F;&#x7528;&#x6B64;&#x6587;&#x4EF6;&#x800C;&#x4E0D;&#x662F; <code>/etc/resolv.conf</code> &#x7528;&#x4E8E; DNS &#x7EE7;&#x627F;&#x3002;</p>
<h2 id="&#x914D;&#x7F6E;&#x5B58;&#x6839;&#x57DF;&#x548C;&#x4E0A;&#x6E38;-dns-&#x670D;&#x52A1;&#x5668;">&#x914D;&#x7F6E;&#x5B58;&#x6839;&#x57DF;&#x548C;&#x4E0A;&#x6E38; DNS &#x670D;&#x52A1;&#x5668;</h2>
<p>&#x901A;&#x8FC7;&#x4E3A; kube-dns &#xFF08;<code>kube-system:kube-dns</code>&#xFF09;&#x63D0;&#x4F9B;&#x4E00;&#x4E2A; ConfigMap&#xFF0C;&#x96C6;&#x7FA4;&#x7BA1;&#x7406;&#x5458;&#x80FD;&#x591F;&#x6307;&#x5B9A;&#x81EA;&#x5B9A;&#x4E49;&#x5B58;&#x6839;&#x57DF;&#x548C;&#x4E0A;&#x6E38; nameserver&#x3002;</p>
<p>&#x4F8B;&#x5982;&#xFF0C;&#x4E0B;&#x9762;&#x7684; ConfigMap &#x5EFA;&#x7ACB;&#x4E86;&#x4E00;&#x4E2A; DNS &#x914D;&#x7F6E;&#xFF0C;&#x5B83;&#x5177;&#x6709;&#x4E00;&#x4E2A;&#x5355;&#x72EC;&#x7684;&#x5B58;&#x6839;&#x57DF;&#x548C;&#x4E24;&#x4E2A;&#x4E0A;&#x6E38; nameserver&#xFF1A;</p>
<pre class="language-"><code class="lang-yaml"><span class="token key atrule">apiVersion</span><span class="token punctuation">:</span> v1
<span class="token key atrule">kind</span><span class="token punctuation">:</span> ConfigMap
<span class="token key atrule">metadata</span><span class="token punctuation">:</span>
<span class="token key atrule">name</span><span class="token punctuation">:</span> kube<span class="token punctuation">-</span>dns
<span class="token key atrule">namespace</span><span class="token punctuation">:</span> kube<span class="token punctuation">-</span>system
<span class="token key atrule">data</span><span class="token punctuation">:</span>
<span class="token key atrule">stubDomains</span><span class="token punctuation">:</span> <span class="token punctuation">|</span><span class="token scalar string">
{&#x201C;acme.local&#x201D;: [&#x201C;1.2.3.4&#x201D;]}</span>
<span class="token key atrule">upstreamNameservers</span><span class="token punctuation">:</span> <span class="token punctuation">|</span><span class="token scalar string">
[&#x201C;8.8.8.8&#x201D;, &#x201C;8.8.4.4&#x201D;]</span>
</code></pre>
<p>&#x5982;&#x4E0A;&#x9762;&#x6307;&#x5B9A;&#x7684;&#x90A3;&#x6837;&#xFF0C;&#x5E26;&#x6709;&#x201C;.acme.local&#x201D;&#x540E;&#x7F00;&#x7684; DNS &#x8BF7;&#x6C42;&#x88AB;&#x8F6C;&#x53D1;&#x5230; 1.2.3.4 &#x5904;&#x76D1;&#x542C;&#x7684; DNS&#x3002;Google Public DNS &#x4E3A;&#x4E0A;&#x6E38;&#x67E5;&#x8BE2;&#x63D0;&#x4F9B;&#x670D;&#x52A1;&#x3002;</p>
<p>&#x4E0B;&#x8868;&#x63CF;&#x8FF0;&#x4E86;&#x5982;&#x4F55;&#x5C06;&#x5177;&#x6709;&#x7279;&#x5B9A;&#x57DF;&#x540D;&#x7684;&#x67E5;&#x8BE2;&#x6620;&#x5C04;&#x5230;&#x5176;&#x76EE;&#x6807;DNS&#x670D;&#x52A1;&#x5668;&#xFF1A;</p>
<table>
<thead>
<tr>
<th>&#x57DF;&#x540D;</th>
<th>&#x54CD;&#x5E94;&#x67E5;&#x8BE2;&#x7684;&#x670D;&#x52A1;&#x5668;</th>
</tr>
</thead>
<tbody>
<tr>
<td>kubernetes.default.svc.cluster.local</td>
<td>kube-dns</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td>foo.acme.local</td>
<td>&#x81EA;&#x5B9A;&#x4E49; DNS (1.2.3.4)</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td>widget.com</td>
<td>&#x4E0A;&#x6E38; DNS (8.8.8.8 &#x6216; 8.8.4.4)</td>
</tr>
</tbody>
</table>
<p>&#x67E5;&#x770B; ConfigMap &#x9009;&#x9879;&#x83B7;&#x53D6;&#x66F4;&#x591A;&#x5173;&#x4E8E;&#x914D;&#x7F6E;&#x9009;&#x9879;&#x683C;&#x5F0F;&#x7684;&#x8BE6;&#x7EC6;&#x4FE1;&#x606F;&#x3002;</p>
<h3 id="&#x5BF9;-pod-&#x7684;&#x5F71;&#x54CD;">&#x5BF9; Pod &#x7684;&#x5F71;&#x54CD;</h3>
<p>&#x81EA;&#x5B9A;&#x4E49;&#x7684;&#x4E0A;&#x6E38;&#x540D;&#x79F0;&#x670D;&#x52A1;&#x5668;&#x548C;&#x5B58;&#x6839;&#x57DF;&#x4E0D;&#x4F1A;&#x5F71;&#x54CD;&#x90A3;&#x4E9B;&#x5C06;&#x81EA;&#x5DF1;&#x7684; <code>dnsPolicy</code> &#x8BBE;&#x7F6E;&#x4E3A; <code>Default</code> &#x6216;&#x8005; <code>None</code> &#x7684; Pod&#x3002;</p>
<p>&#x5982;&#x679C; Pod &#x7684; <code>dnsPolicy</code> &#x8BBE;&#x7F6E;&#x4E3A; &#x201C;<code>ClusterFirst</code>&#x201D;&#xFF0C;&#x5219;&#x5176;&#x540D;&#x79F0;&#x89E3;&#x6790;&#x5C06;&#x6309;&#x5176;&#x4ED6;&#x65B9;&#x5F0F;&#x5904;&#x7406;&#xFF0C;&#x5177;&#x4F53;&#x53D6;&#x51B3;&#x4E8E;&#x5B58;&#x6839;&#x57DF;&#x548C;&#x4E0A;&#x6E38; DNS &#x670D;&#x52A1;&#x5668;&#x7684;&#x914D;&#x7F6E;&#x3002;</p>
<p><strong>&#x672A;&#x8FDB;&#x884C;&#x81EA;&#x5B9A;&#x4E49;&#x914D;&#x7F6E;</strong>&#xFF1A;&#x6CA1;&#x6709;&#x5339;&#x914D;&#x4E0A;&#x914D;&#x7F6E;&#x7684;&#x96C6;&#x7FA4;&#x57DF;&#x540D;&#x540E;&#x7F00;&#x7684;&#x4EFB;&#x4F55;&#x8BF7;&#x6C42;&#xFF0C;&#x4F8B;&#x5982; &#x201C;www.kubernetes.io&#x201D;&#xFF0C;&#x5C06;&#x4F1A;&#x88AB;&#x8F6C;&#x53D1;&#x5230;&#x7EE7;&#x627F;&#x81EA;&#x8282;&#x70B9;&#x7684;&#x4E0A;&#x6E38; nameserver&#x3002;</p>
<p><strong>&#x8FDB;&#x884C;&#x81EA;&#x5B9A;&#x4E49;&#x914D;&#x7F6E;</strong>&#xFF1A;&#x5982;&#x679C;&#x914D;&#x7F6E;&#x4E86;&#x5B58;&#x6839;&#x57DF;&#x548C;&#x4E0A;&#x6E38; DNS &#x670D;&#x52A1;&#x5668;&#xFF08;&#x548C;&#x5728;&#x524D;&#x9762;&#x4F8B;&#x5B50;&#x914D;&#x7F6E;&#x7684;&#x4E00;&#x6837;&#xFF09;&#xFF0C;DNS &#x67E5;&#x8BE2;&#x5C06;&#x6839;&#x636E;&#x4E0B;&#x9762;&#x7684;&#x6D41;&#x7A0B;&#x8FDB;&#x884C;&#x8DEF;&#x7531;&#xFF1A;</p>
<ol>
<li><p>&#x67E5;&#x8BE2;&#x9996;&#x5148;&#x88AB;&#x53D1;&#x9001;&#x5230; kube-dns &#x4E2D;&#x7684; DNS &#x7F13;&#x5B58;&#x5C42;&#x3002;</p>
</li>
<li><p>&#x4ECE;&#x7F13;&#x5B58;&#x5C42;&#xFF0C;&#x68C0;&#x67E5;&#x8BF7;&#x6C42;&#x7684;&#x540E;&#x7F00;&#xFF0C;&#x5E76;&#x8F6C;&#x53D1;&#x5230;&#x5408;&#x9002;&#x7684; DNS &#x4E0A;&#xFF0C;&#x57FA;&#x4E8E;&#x5982;&#x4E0B;&#x7684;&#x793A;&#x4F8B;&#xFF1A;</p>
<ul>
<li><em>&#x5177;&#x6709;&#x96C6;&#x7FA4;&#x540E;&#x7F00;&#x7684;&#x540D;&#x5B57;</em>&#xFF08;&#x4F8B;&#x5982; &#x201C;.cluster.local&#x201D;&#xFF09;&#xFF1A;&#x8BF7;&#x6C42;&#x88AB;&#x53D1;&#x9001;&#x5230; kube-dns&#x3002;</li>
<li><em>&#x5177;&#x6709;&#x5B58;&#x6839;&#x57DF;&#x540E;&#x7F00;&#x7684;&#x540D;&#x5B57;</em>&#xFF08;&#x4F8B;&#x5982; &#x201C;.acme.local&#x201D;&#xFF09;&#xFF1A;&#x8BF7;&#x6C42;&#x88AB;&#x53D1;&#x9001;&#x5230;&#x914D;&#x7F6E;&#x7684;&#x81EA;&#x5B9A;&#x4E49; DNS &#x89E3;&#x6790;&#x5668;&#xFF08;&#x4F8B;&#x5982;&#xFF1A;&#x76D1;&#x542C;&#x5728; 1.2.3.4&#xFF09;&#x3002;</li>
<li><em>&#x4E0D;&#x5177;&#x6709;&#x80FD;&#x5339;&#x914D;&#x4E0A;&#x540E;&#x7F00;&#x7684;&#x540D;&#x5B57;</em>&#xFF08;&#x4F8B;&#x5982; &#x201C;widget.com&#x201D;&#xFF09;&#xFF1A;&#x8BF7;&#x6C42;&#x88AB;&#x8F6C;&#x53D1;&#x5230;&#x4E0A;&#x6E38; DNS&#xFF08;&#x4F8B;&#x5982;&#xFF1A;Google &#x516C;&#x5171; DNS &#x670D;&#x52A1;&#x5668;&#xFF0C;8.8.8.8 &#x548C; 8.8.4.4&#xFF09;&#x3002;</li>
</ul>
<figure id="fig5.4.6.1.1"><a href="https://d33wubrfki0l68.cloudfront.net/340889cb80e81dcd19a16bc34697a7907e2b229a/24ad0/docs/tasks/administer-cluster/dns-custom-nameservers/dns.png" data-lightbox="e946b9b8-cda4-48ea-a3bd-2c67b13cc150" data-title="DNS lookup flow" target="_blank"><img src="https://d33wubrfki0l68.cloudfront.net/340889cb80e81dcd19a16bc34697a7907e2b229a/24ad0/docs/tasks/administer-cluster/dns-custom-nameservers/dns.png" alt="DNS lookup flow"></a><figcaption>&#x56FE; 5.4.6.1.1&#xFF1A;DNS lookup flow</figcaption></figure>
</li>
</ol>
<h2 id="configmap-&#x9009;&#x9879;">ConfigMap &#x9009;&#x9879;</h2>
<p>kube-dns <code>kube-system:kube-dns</code> ConfigMap &#x7684;&#x9009;&#x9879;&#x5982;&#x4E0B;&#x6240;&#x793A;&#xFF1A;</p>
<table>
<thead>
<tr>
<th>&#x5B57;&#x6BB5;</th>
<th>&#x683C;&#x5F0F;</th>
<th>&#x63CF;&#x8FF0;</th>
</tr>
</thead>
<tbody>
<tr>
<td><code>stubDomains</code>&#xFF08;&#x53EF;&#x9009;&#xFF09;</td>
<td>&#x4F7F;&#x7528; DNS &#x540E;&#x7F00; key &#x7684; JSON map&#xFF08;&#x4F8B;&#x5982; &#x201C;acme.local&#x201D;&#xFF09;&#xFF0C;&#x4EE5;&#x53CA; DNS IP &#x7684; JSON &#x6570;&#x7EC4;&#x4F5C;&#x4E3A; value&#x3002;</td>
<td>&#x76EE;&#x6807; nameserver &#x53EF;&#x80FD;&#x662F;&#x4E00;&#x4E2A; Kubernetes Service&#x3002;&#x4F8B;&#x5982;&#xFF0C;&#x53EF;&#x4EE5;&#x8FD0;&#x884C;&#x81EA;&#x5DF1;&#x7684; dnsmasq &#x526F;&#x672C;&#xFF0C;&#x5C06; DNS &#x540D;&#x5B57;&#x66B4;&#x9732;&#x5230; ClusterDNS namespace &#x4E2D;&#x3002;</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><code>upstreamNameservers</code>&#xFF08;&#x53EF;&#x9009;&#xFF09;</td>
<td>DNS IP &#x7684; JSON &#x6570;&#x7EC4;&#x3002;</td>
<td>&#x6CE8;&#x610F;&#xFF1A;&#x5982;&#x679C;&#x6307;&#x5B9A;&#xFF0C;&#x5219;&#x6307;&#x5B9A;&#x7684;&#x503C;&#x4F1A;&#x66FF;&#x6362;&#x6389;&#x88AB;&#x9ED8;&#x8BA4;&#x4ECE;&#x8282;&#x70B9;&#x7684; <code>/etc/resolv.conf</code> &#x4E2D;&#x83B7;&#x53D6;&#x5230;&#x7684; nameserver&#x3002;&#x9650;&#x5236;&#xFF1A;&#x6700;&#x591A;&#x53EF;&#x4EE5;&#x6307;&#x5B9A;&#x4E09;&#x4E2A;&#x4E0A;&#x6E38; nameserver&#x3002;</td>
</tr>
</tbody>
</table>
<h3 id="&#x793A;&#x4F8B;">&#x793A;&#x4F8B;</h3>
<h4 id="&#x793A;&#x4F8B;&#xFF1A;&#x5B58;&#x6839;&#x57DF;">&#x793A;&#x4F8B;&#xFF1A;&#x5B58;&#x6839;&#x57DF;</h4>
<p>&#x5728;&#x8FD9;&#x4E2A;&#x4F8B;&#x5B50;&#x4E2D;&#xFF0C;&#x7528;&#x6237;&#x6709;&#x4E00;&#x4E2A; Consul DNS &#x670D;&#x52A1;&#x53D1;&#x73B0;&#x7CFB;&#x7EDF;&#xFF0C;&#x4ED6;&#x4EEC;&#x5E0C;&#x671B;&#x80FD;&#x591F;&#x4E0E; kube-dns &#x96C6;&#x6210;&#x8D77;&#x6765;&#x3002; Consul &#x57DF;&#x540D;&#x670D;&#x52A1;&#x5668;&#x5730;&#x5740;&#x4E3A; 10.150.0.1&#xFF0C;&#x6240;&#x6709;&#x7684; Consul &#x540D;&#x5B57;&#x5177;&#x6709;&#x540E;&#x7F00; <code>.consul.local</code>&#x3002; &#x8981;&#x914D;&#x7F6E; Kubernetes&#xFF0C;&#x96C6;&#x7FA4;&#x7BA1;&#x7406;&#x5458;&#x53EA;&#x9700;&#x8981;&#x7B80;&#x5355;&#x5730;&#x521B;&#x5EFA;&#x4E00;&#x4E2A; ConfigMap &#x5BF9;&#x8C61;&#xFF0C;&#x5982;&#x4E0B;&#x6240;&#x793A;&#xFF1A;</p>
<pre class="language-"><code class="lang-yaml"><span class="token key atrule">apiVersion</span><span class="token punctuation">:</span> v1
<span class="token key atrule">kind</span><span class="token punctuation">:</span> ConfigMap
<span class="token key atrule">metadata</span><span class="token punctuation">:</span>
<span class="token key atrule">name</span><span class="token punctuation">:</span> kube<span class="token punctuation">-</span>dns
<span class="token key atrule">namespace</span><span class="token punctuation">:</span> kube<span class="token punctuation">-</span>system
<span class="token key atrule">data</span><span class="token punctuation">:</span>
<span class="token key atrule">stubDomains</span><span class="token punctuation">:</span> <span class="token punctuation">|</span><span class="token scalar string">
{&#x201C;consul.local&#x201D;: [&#x201C;10.150.0.1&#x201D;]}</span>
</code></pre>
<p>&#x6CE8;&#x610F;&#xFF0C;&#x96C6;&#x7FA4;&#x7BA1;&#x7406;&#x5458;&#x4E0D;&#x5E0C;&#x671B;&#x8986;&#x76D6;&#x8282;&#x70B9;&#x7684;&#x4E0A;&#x6E38; nameserver&#xFF0C;&#x6240;&#x4EE5;&#x4ED6;&#x4EEC;&#x4E0D;&#x4F1A;&#x6307;&#x5B9A;&#x53EF;&#x9009;&#x7684; <code>upstreamNameservers</code> &#x5B57;&#x6BB5;&#x3002;</p>
<h4 id="&#x793A;&#x4F8B;&#xFF1A;&#x4E0A;&#x6E38;-nameserver">&#x793A;&#x4F8B;&#xFF1A;&#x4E0A;&#x6E38; nameserver</h4>
<p>&#x5728;&#x8FD9;&#x4E2A;&#x793A;&#x4F8B;&#x4E2D;&#xFF0C;&#x96C6;&#x7FA4;&#x7BA1;&#x7406;&#x5458;&#x4E0D;&#x5E0C;&#x671B;&#x663E;&#x5F0F;&#x5730;&#x5F3A;&#x5236;&#x6240;&#x6709;&#x975E;&#x96C6;&#x7FA4; DNS &#x67E5;&#x8BE2;&#x8FDB;&#x5165;&#x5230;&#x4ED6;&#x4EEC;&#x81EA;&#x5DF1;&#x7684; nameserver 172.16.0.1&#x3002; &#x800C;&#x4E14;&#x8FD9;&#x5F88;&#x5BB9;&#x6613;&#x5B9E;&#x73B0;&#xFF1A;&#x4ED6;&#x4EEC;&#x53EA;&#x9700;&#x8981;&#x521B;&#x5EFA;&#x4E00;&#x4E2A; ConfigMap&#xFF0C;<code>upstreamNameservers</code> &#x5B57;&#x6BB5;&#x6307;&#x5B9A;&#x671F;&#x671B;&#x7684; nameserver &#x5373;&#x53EF;&#x3002;</p>
<pre class="language-"><code class="lang-yaml"><span class="token key atrule">apiVersion</span><span class="token punctuation">:</span> v1
<span class="token key atrule">kind</span><span class="token punctuation">:</span> ConfigMap
<span class="token key atrule">metadata</span><span class="token punctuation">:</span>
<span class="token key atrule">name</span><span class="token punctuation">:</span> kube<span class="token punctuation">-</span>dns
<span class="token key atrule">namespace</span><span class="token punctuation">:</span> kube<span class="token punctuation">-</span>system
<span class="token key atrule">data</span><span class="token punctuation">:</span>
<span class="token key atrule">upstreamNameservers</span><span class="token punctuation">:</span> <span class="token punctuation">|</span><span class="token scalar string">
[&#x201C;172.16.0.1&#x201D;]</span>
</code></pre>
<h2 id="&#x8C03;&#x8BD5;-dns-&#x89E3;&#x6790;">&#x8C03;&#x8BD5; DNS &#x89E3;&#x6790;</h2>
<h3 id="&#x521B;&#x5EFA;&#x4E00;&#x4E2A;&#x7B80;&#x5355;&#x7684;-pod-&#x7528;&#x4F5C;&#x6D4B;&#x8BD5;&#x73AF;&#x5883;">&#x521B;&#x5EFA;&#x4E00;&#x4E2A;&#x7B80;&#x5355;&#x7684; Pod &#x7528;&#x4F5C;&#x6D4B;&#x8BD5;&#x73AF;&#x5883;</h3>
<p>&#x521B;&#x5EFA;&#x4E00;&#x4E2A;&#x540D;&#x4E3A; busybox.yaml &#x7684;&#x6587;&#x4EF6;&#xFF0C;&#x5176;&#x4E2D;&#x5305;&#x62EC;&#x4EE5;&#x4E0B;&#x5185;&#x5BB9;&#xFF1A;</p>
<pre class="language-"><code class="lang-yaml"><span class="token key atrule">apiVersion</span><span class="token punctuation">:</span> v1
<span class="token key atrule">kind</span><span class="token punctuation">:</span> Pod
<span class="token key atrule">metadata</span><span class="token punctuation">:</span>
<span class="token key atrule">name</span><span class="token punctuation">:</span> busybox
<span class="token key atrule">namespace</span><span class="token punctuation">:</span> default
<span class="token key atrule">spec</span><span class="token punctuation">:</span>
<span class="token key atrule">containers</span><span class="token punctuation">:</span>
<span class="token punctuation">-</span> <span class="token key atrule">name</span><span class="token punctuation">:</span> busybox
<span class="token key atrule">image</span><span class="token punctuation">:</span> busybox
<span class="token key atrule">command</span><span class="token punctuation">:</span>
<span class="token punctuation">-</span> sleep
<span class="token punctuation">-</span> <span class="token string">&quot;3600&quot;</span>
<span class="token key atrule">imagePullPolicy</span><span class="token punctuation">:</span> IfNotPresent
<span class="token key atrule">restartPolicy</span><span class="token punctuation">:</span> Always
</code></pre>
<p>&#x4F7F;&#x7528;&#x8BE5;&#x6587;&#x4EF6;&#x521B;&#x5EFA; Pod &#x5E76;&#x9A8C;&#x8BC1;&#x5176;&#x72B6;&#x6001;&#xFF1A;</p>
<p>$ kubectl create -f busybox.yaml
pod &quot;busybox&quot; created</p>
<p>$ kubectl get pods busybox
NAME READY STATUS RESTARTS AGE
busybox 1/1 Running 0 <some-time></some-time></p>
<pre class="language-"><code>
&#x8BE5; Pod &#x8FD0;&#x884C;&#x540E;&#xFF0C;&#x60A8;&#x53EF;&#x4EE5;&#x5728;&#x5B83;&#x7684;&#x73AF;&#x5883;&#x4E2D;&#x6267;&#x884C; `nslookup`&#x3002;&#x5982;&#x679C;&#x60A8;&#x770B;&#x5230;&#x7C7B;&#x4F3C;&#x5982;&#x4E0B;&#x7684;&#x8F93;&#x51FA;&#xFF0C;&#x8868;&#x793A; DNS &#x6B63;&#x5728;&#x6B63;&#x786E;&#x5DE5;&#x4F5C;&#x3002;
&#x200B;```bash
$ kubectl exec -ti busybox -- nslookup kubernetes.default
Server: 10.0.0.10
Address 1: 10.0.0.10
Name: kubernetes.default
Address 1: 10.0.0.1
</code></pre><p>&#x5982;&#x679C; <code>nslookup</code> &#x547D;&#x4EE4;&#x5931;&#x8D25;&#xFF0C;&#x68C0;&#x67E5;&#x5982;&#x4E0B;&#x5185;&#x5BB9;&#xFF1A;</p>
<h3 id="&#x9996;&#x5148;&#x68C0;&#x67E5;&#x672C;&#x5730;-dns-&#x914D;&#x7F6E;">&#x9996;&#x5148;&#x68C0;&#x67E5;&#x672C;&#x5730; DNS &#x914D;&#x7F6E;</h3>
<p>&#x67E5;&#x770B;&#x4E0B; resolv.conf &#x6587;&#x4EF6;&#x3002;</p>
<pre class="language-"><code class="lang-bash">$ kubectl <span class="token builtin class-name">exec</span> busybox <span class="token function">cat</span> /etc/resolv.conf
</code></pre>
<p>&#x9A8C;&#x8BC1;&#x641C;&#x7D22;&#x8DEF;&#x5F84;&#x548C;&#x540D;&#x79F0;&#x670D;&#x52A1;&#x5668;&#x8BBE;&#x7F6E;&#x5982;&#x4E0B;&#xFF08;&#x8BF7;&#x6CE8;&#x610F;&#xFF0C;&#x641C;&#x7D22;&#x8DEF;&#x5F84;&#x53EF;&#x80FD;&#x56E0;&#x4E0D;&#x540C;&#x7684;&#x4E91;&#x63D0;&#x4F9B;&#x5546;&#x800C;&#x5F02;&#xFF09;&#xFF1A;</p>
<pre class="language-"><code>search default.svc.cluster.local svc.cluster.local cluster.local google.internal c.gce_project_id.internal
nameserver 10.0.0.10
options ndots:5
</code></pre><p>&#x5982;&#x679C;&#x770B;&#x5230;&#x5982;&#x4E0B;&#x9519;&#x8BEF;&#x8868;&#x660E;&#x9519;&#x8BEF;&#x6765;&#x81EA; kube-dns &#x6216;&#x76F8;&#x5173;&#x670D;&#x52A1;&#xFF1A;</p>
<pre class="language-"><code>$ kubectl exec -ti busybox -- nslookup kubernetes.default
Server: 10.0.0.10
Address 1: 10.0.0.10
nslookup: can&apos;t resolve &apos;kubernetes.default&apos;
</code></pre><p>&#x6216;&#x8005;</p>
<pre class="language-"><code>$ kubectl exec -ti busybox -- nslookup kubernetes.default
Server: 10.0.0.10
Address 1: 10.0.0.10 kube-dns.kube-system.svc.cluster.local
nslookup: can&apos;t resolve &apos;kubernetes.default&apos;
</code></pre><h3 id="&#x68C0;&#x67E5;-dns-pod-&#x662F;&#x5426;&#x5728;&#x8FD0;&#x884C;">&#x68C0;&#x67E5; DNS pod &#x662F;&#x5426;&#x5728;&#x8FD0;&#x884C;</h3>
<p>&#x4F7F;&#x7528; <code>kubectl get pods</code> &#x547D;&#x4EE4;&#x9A8C;&#x8BC1; DNS pod &#x662F;&#x5426;&#x6B63;&#x5728;&#x8FD0;&#x884C;&#x3002;</p>
<pre class="language-"><code class="lang-bash">$ kubectl get pods --namespace<span class="token operator">=</span>kube-system -l k8s-app<span class="token operator">=</span>kube-dns
NAME READY STATUS RESTARTS AGE
<span class="token punctuation">..</span>.
kube-dns-v19-ezo1y <span class="token number">3</span>/3 Running <span class="token number">0</span> 1h
<span class="token punctuation">..</span>.
</code></pre>
<p>&#x5982;&#x679C;&#x60A8;&#x770B;&#x5230;&#x6CA1;&#x6709; Pod &#x8FD0;&#x884C;&#x6216;&#x8005; Pod &#x5904;&#x4E8E; &#x5931;&#x8D25;/&#x5B8C;&#x6210; &#x72B6;&#x6001;&#xFF0C;DNS &#x63D2;&#x4EF6;&#x53EF;&#x80FD;&#x6CA1;&#x6709;&#x90E8;&#x7F72;&#x5230;&#x60A8;&#x7684;&#x5F53;&#x524D;&#x73AF;&#x5883;&#x4E2D;&#xFF0C;&#x60A8;&#x9700;&#x8981;&#x624B;&#x52A8;&#x90E8;&#x7F72;&#x3002;</p>
<h3 id="&#x68C0;&#x67E5;-dns-pod-&#x4E2D;&#x7684;&#x9519;&#x8BEF;">&#x68C0;&#x67E5; DNS pod &#x4E2D;&#x7684;&#x9519;&#x8BEF;</h3>
<p>&#x4F7F;&#x7528; <code>kubectl logs</code> &#x547D;&#x4EE4;&#x67E5;&#x770B; DNS &#x5B88;&#x62A4;&#x8FDB;&#x7A0B;&#x7684;&#x65E5;&#x5FD7;&#x3002;</p>
<pre class="language-"><code class="lang-bash">$ kubectl logs --namespace<span class="token operator">=</span>kube-system <span class="token variable"><span class="token variable">$(</span>kubectl get pods --namespace<span class="token operator">=</span>kube-system -l k8s-app<span class="token operator">=</span>kube-dns -o name<span class="token variable">)</span></span> -c kubedns
$ kubectl logs --namespace<span class="token operator">=</span>kube-system <span class="token variable"><span class="token variable">$(</span>kubectl get pods --namespace<span class="token operator">=</span>kube-system -l k8s-app<span class="token operator">=</span>kube-dns -o name<span class="token variable">)</span></span> -c dnsmasq
$ kubectl logs --namespace<span class="token operator">=</span>kube-system <span class="token variable"><span class="token variable">$(</span>kubectl get pods --namespace<span class="token operator">=</span>kube-system -l k8s-app<span class="token operator">=</span>kube-dns -o name<span class="token variable">)</span></span> -c sidecar
</code></pre>
<p>&#x770B;&#x770B;&#x6709;&#x6CA1;&#x6709;&#x53EF;&#x7591;&#x7684;&#x65E5;&#x5FD7;&#x3002;&#x4EE5;&#x5B57;&#x6BCD;&#x201C;<code>W</code>&#x201D;&#xFF0C;&#x201C;<code>E</code>&#x201D;&#xFF0C;&#x201C;<code>F</code>&#x201D;&#x5F00;&#x5934;&#x7684;&#x4EE3;&#x8868;&#x8B66;&#x544A;&#x3001;&#x9519;&#x8BEF;&#x548C;&#x5931;&#x8D25;&#x3002;&#x8BF7;&#x641C;&#x7D22;&#x5177;&#x6709;&#x8FD9;&#x4E9B;&#x65E5;&#x5FD7;&#x7EA7;&#x522B;&#x7684;&#x6761;&#x76EE;&#xFF0C;&#x5E76;&#x4F7F;&#x7528; <a href="https://github.com/kubernetes/kubernetes/issues" target="_blank">kubernetes issues</a>&#x6765;&#x62A5;&#x544A;&#x610F;&#x5916;&#x9519;&#x8BEF;&#x3002;</p>
<h3 id="dns-&#x670D;&#x52A1;&#x542F;&#x52A8;&#x4E86;&#x5417;&#xFF1F;">DNS &#x670D;&#x52A1;&#x542F;&#x52A8;&#x4E86;&#x5417;&#xFF1F;</h3>
<p>&#x4F7F;&#x7528; <code>kubectl get service</code> &#x547D;&#x4EE4;&#x9A8C;&#x8BC1; DNS &#x670D;&#x52A1;&#x662F;&#x5426;&#x542F;&#x52A8;&#x3002;</p>
<pre class="language-"><code class="lang-bash">$ kubectl get svc --namespace<span class="token operator">=</span>kube-system
NAME CLUSTER-IP EXTERNAL-IP PORT<span class="token punctuation">(</span>S<span class="token punctuation">)</span> AGE
<span class="token punctuation">..</span>.
kube-dns <span class="token number">10.0</span>.0.10 <span class="token operator">&lt;</span>none<span class="token operator">&gt;</span> <span class="token number">53</span>/UDP,53/TCP 1h
<span class="token punctuation">..</span>.
</code></pre>
<p>&#x5982;&#x679C;&#x60A8;&#x5DF2;&#x7ECF;&#x521B;&#x5EFA;&#x4E86;&#x8BE5;&#x670D;&#x52A1;&#x6216;&#x5B83;&#x672C;&#x5E94;&#x8BE5;&#x9ED8;&#x8BA4;&#x521B;&#x5EFA;&#x4F46;&#x6CA1;&#x6709;&#x51FA;&#x73B0;&#xFF0C;&#x53C2;&#x8003;<a href="https://kubernetes.io/docs/tasks/debug-application-cluster/debug-service/" target="_blank">&#x8C03;&#x8BD5;&#x670D;&#x52A1;</a>&#x83B7;&#x53D6;&#x66F4;&#x591A;&#x4FE1;&#x606F;&#x3002;</p>
<h3 id="dns-&#x7AEF;&#x70B9;&#x66B4;&#x9732;&#x51FA;&#x6765;&#x4E86;&#x5417;&#xFF1F;">DNS &#x7AEF;&#x70B9;&#x66B4;&#x9732;&#x51FA;&#x6765;&#x4E86;&#x5417;&#xFF1F;</h3>
<p>&#x60A8;&#x53EF;&#x4EE5;&#x4F7F;&#x7528;<code>kubectl get endpoints</code>&#x547D;&#x4EE4;&#x9A8C;&#x8BC1; DNS &#x7AEF;&#x70B9;&#x662F;&#x5426;&#x88AB;&#x66B4;&#x9732;&#x3002;</p>
<pre class="language-"><code class="lang-bash">$ kubectl get ep kube-dns --namespace<span class="token operator">=</span>kube-system
NAME ENDPOINTS AGE
kube-dns <span class="token number">10.180</span>.3.17:53,10.180.3.17:53 1h
</code></pre>
<p>&#x5982;&#x679C;&#x60A8;&#x6CA1;&#x6709;&#x770B;&#x5230;&#x7AEF;&#x70B9;&#xFF0C;&#x67E5;&#x770B;<a href="https://kubernetes.io/docs/tasks/debug-application-cluster/debug-service/" target="_blank">&#x8C03;&#x8BD5;&#x670D;&#x52A1;</a>&#x6587;&#x6863;&#x4E2D;&#x7684;&#x7AEF;&#x70B9;&#x90E8;&#x5206;&#x3002;</p>
<p>&#x83B7;&#x53D6;&#x66F4;&#x591A;&#x7684; Kubernetes DNS &#x793A;&#x4F8B;&#xFF0C;&#x8BF7;&#x53C2;&#x8003; Kubernetes GitHub &#x4ED3;&#x5E93;&#x4E2D;&#x7684;<a href="https://github.com/kubernetes/examples/tree/master/staging/cluster-dns" target="_blank">cluster-dns&#x793A;&#x4F8B;</a>&#x3002;</p>
<h2 id="&#x5DF2;&#x77E5;&#x95EE;&#x9898;">&#x5DF2;&#x77E5;&#x95EE;&#x9898;</h2>
<p>Kubernetes&#x5B89;&#x88C5;&#x65F6;&#x4E0D;&#x4F1A;&#x5C06;&#x8282;&#x70B9;&#x7684; resolv.conf &#x6587;&#x4EF6;&#x914D;&#x7F6E;&#x4E3A;&#x9ED8;&#x8BA4;&#x4F7F;&#x7528;&#x96C6;&#x7FA4; DNS&#xFF0C;&#x56E0;&#x4E3A;&#x8BE5;&#x8FC7;&#x7A0B;&#x672C;&#x8EAB;&#x662F;&#x7279;&#x5B9A;&#x4E8E;&#x53D1;&#x884C;&#x7248;&#x7684;&#x3002;&#x8FD9;&#x4E00;&#x6B65;&#x5E94;&#x8BE5;&#x653E;&#x5230;&#x6700;&#x540E;&#x5B9E;&#x73B0;&#x3002;</p>
<p>Linux &#x7684; libc &#x4E0D;&#x53EF;&#x601D;&#x8BAE;&#x7684;&#x5361;&#x4F4F;&#xFF08;<a href="https://bugzilla.redhat.com/show_bug.cgi?id=168253" target="_blank">&#x67E5;&#x770B;&#x8BE5;2005&#x5E74;&#x8D77;&#x66B4;&#x51FA;&#x6765;&#x7684;bug</a>&#xFF09;&#x9650;&#x5236;&#x53EA;&#x80FD;&#x6709; 3 &#x4E2A; DNS <code>nameserver</code> &#x8BB0;&#x5F55;&#x548C; 6 &#x4E2A; DNS <code>search</code> &#x8BB0;&#x5F55;&#x3002;Kubernetes &#x9700;&#x8981;&#x6D88;&#x8017; 1 &#x4E2A; <code>nameserver</code> &#x8BB0;&#x5F55;&#x548C; 3 &#x4E2A; <code>search</code> &#x8BB0;&#x5F55;&#x3002;&#x8FD9;&#x610F;&#x5473;&#x7740;&#x5982;&#x679C;&#x672C;&#x5730;&#x5B89;&#x88C5;&#x5DF2;&#x7ECF;&#x4F7F;&#x7528; 3 &#x4E2A; <code>nameserver</code> &#x6216;&#x4F7F;&#x7528; 3 &#x4E2A;&#x4EE5;&#x4E0A;&#x7684; <code>search</code> &#x8BB0;&#x5F55;&#xFF0C;&#x90A3;&#x4E48;&#x5176;&#x4E2D;&#x4E00;&#x4E9B;&#x8BBE;&#x7F6E;&#x5C06;&#x4F1A;&#x4E22;&#x5931;&#x3002;&#x6709;&#x4E2A;&#x90E8;&#x5206;&#x89E3;&#x51B3;&#x8BE5;&#x95EE;&#x9898;&#x7684;&#x65B9;&#x6CD5;&#xFF0C;&#x5C31;&#x662F;&#x8282;&#x70B9;&#x53EF;&#x4EE5;&#x8FD0;&#x884C; <code>dnsmasq</code>&#xFF0C;&#x5B83;&#x5C06;&#x63D0;&#x4F9B;&#x66F4;&#x591A;&#x7684; <code>nameserver</code> &#x6761;&#x76EE;&#xFF0C;&#x4F46;&#x4E0D;&#x4F1A;&#x6709;&#x66F4;&#x591A;&#x7684; <code>search</code> &#x6761;&#x76EE;&#x3002;&#x60A8;&#x4E5F;&#x53EF;&#x4EE5;&#x4F7F;&#x7528; kubelet &#x7684; <code>--resolv-conf</code> &#x6807;&#x5FD7;&#x3002;</p>
<p>&#x5982;&#x679C;&#x60A8;&#x4F7F;&#x7528;&#x7684;&#x662F; Alpine 3.3 &#x6216;&#x66F4;&#x4F4E;&#x7248;&#x672C;&#x4F5C;&#x4E3A;&#x57FA;&#x7840;&#x6620;&#x50CF;&#xFF0C;&#x7531;&#x4E8E;&#x5DF2;&#x77E5;&#x7684; Alpine &#x95EE;&#x9898;&#xFF0C;DNS &#x53EF;&#x80FD;&#x65E0;&#x6CD5;&#x6B63;&#x5E38;&#x5DE5;&#x4F5C;&#x3002;&#x70B9;&#x51FB;<a href="https://github.com/kubernetes/kubernetes/issues/30215" target="_blank">&#x8FD9;&#x91CC;</a>&#x67E5;&#x770B;&#x66F4;&#x591A;&#x4FE1;&#x606F;&#x3002;</p>
<h2 id="kubernetes-&#x96C6;&#x7FA4;&#x8054;&#x90A6;&#xFF08;&#x591A;&#x53EF;&#x7528;&#x533A;&#x652F;&#x6301;&#xFF09;">Kubernetes &#x96C6;&#x7FA4;&#x8054;&#x90A6;&#xFF08;&#x591A;&#x53EF;&#x7528;&#x533A;&#x652F;&#x6301;&#xFF09;</h2>
<p>Kubernetes 1.3 &#x7248;&#x672C;&#x8D77;&#x5F15;&#x5165;&#x4E86;&#x652F;&#x6301;&#x591A;&#x7AD9;&#x70B9; Kubernetes &#x5B89;&#x88C5;&#x7684;&#x96C6;&#x7FA4;&#x8054;&#x90A6;&#x652F;&#x6301;&#x3002;&#x8FD9;&#x9700;&#x8981;&#x5BF9; Kubernetes &#x96C6;&#x7FA4; DNS &#x670D;&#x52A1;&#x5668;&#x5904;&#x7406; DNS &#x67E5;&#x8BE2;&#x7684;&#x65B9;&#x5F0F;&#x8FDB;&#x884C;&#x4E00;&#x4E9B;&#x5C0F;&#x7684;&#xFF08;&#x5411;&#x540E;&#x517C;&#x5BB9;&#x7684;&#xFF09;&#x66F4;&#x6539;&#xFF0C;&#x4EE5;&#x4FBF;&#x4E8E;&#x67E5;&#x627E;&#x8054;&#x90A6;&#x670D;&#x52A1;&#xFF08;&#x8DE8;&#x591A;&#x4E2A; Kubernetes &#x96C6;&#x7FA4;&#xFF09;&#x3002;&#x6709;&#x5173;&#x96C6;&#x7FA4;&#x8054;&#x90A6;&#x548C;&#x591A;&#x7AD9;&#x70B9;&#x652F;&#x6301;&#x7684;&#x66F4;&#x591A;&#x8BE6;&#x7EC6;&#x4FE1;&#x606F;&#xFF0C;&#x8BF7;&#x53C2;&#x9605;<a href="https://kubernetes.io/docs/concepts/cluster-administration/federation/" target="_blank">&#x96C6;&#x7FA4;&#x8054;&#x90A6;&#x7BA1;&#x7406;&#x5458;&#x6307;&#x5357;</a>&#x3002;</p>
<h2 id="&#x53C2;&#x8003;">&#x53C2;&#x8003;</h2>
<ul>
<li><a href="https://kubernetes.io/docs/tasks/administer-cluster/dns-custom-nameservers/" target="_blank">Configure DNS Service</a></li>
<li><a href="https://kubernetes.io/docs/concepts/services-networking/dns-pod-service/" target="_blank">Service &#x548C; Pod &#x7684; DNS</a></li>
<li><a href="https://kubernetes.io/docs/tasks/administer-cluster/dns-horizontal-autoscaling/" target="_blank">&#x81EA;&#x52A8;&#x6269;&#x5BB9;&#x96C6;&#x7FA4;&#x4E2D;&#x7684; DNS &#x670D;&#x52A1;</a></li>
<li><a href="https://kubernetes.io/docs/tasks/administer-cluster/coredns/" target="_blank">Using CoreDNS for Service Discovery</a></li>
</ul>
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