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<title>管理容器的计算资源 · Kubernetes Handbook - Kubernetes中文指南/云原生应用架构实践手册 by Jimmy Song(宋净超)</title>
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<a href="https://jimmysong.io" target="_blank" class="custom-link">回到主页</a>
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<li>
<a href="https://jimmysong.io/awesome-cloud-native" target="_blank" class="custom-link">Awesome Cloud Native</a>
</li>
<li>
<a href="https://cloudnative.to" target="_blank" class="custom-link">云原生社区</a>
</li>
<li>
<a href="https://cloudnativeindustryalliance.github.io/whitepaper2020/" target="_blank" class="custom-link">中国云原生发展白皮书2020</a>
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<li>
<a href="https://jimmysong.io/guide-to-cloud-native-app/" target="_blank" class="custom-link">云原生应用白皮书</a>
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<li class="divider"></li>
<li class="header">前言</li>
<li class="chapter " data-level="1.1" data-path="../">
<a href="../">
<b>1.1.</b>
序言
</a>
</li>
<li class="header">云原生</li>
<li class="chapter " data-level="2.1" data-path="../cloud-native/cloud-native-definition.html">
<a href="../cloud-native/cloud-native-definition.html">
<b>2.1.</b>
云原生Cloud Native的定义
</a>
</li>
<li class="chapter " data-level="2.2" data-path="../cloud-native/cloud-native-philosophy.html">
<a href="../cloud-native/cloud-native-philosophy.html">
<b>2.2.</b>
云原生的设计哲学
</a>
</li>
<li class="chapter " data-level="2.3" data-path="../cloud-native/play-with-kubernetes.html">
<a href="../cloud-native/play-with-kubernetes.html">
<b>2.3.</b>
Play with Kubernetes
</a>
</li>
<li class="chapter " data-level="2.4" data-path="../cloud-native/cloud-native-local-quick-start.html">
<a href="../cloud-native/cloud-native-local-quick-start.html">
<b>2.4.</b>
快速部署一个云原生本地实验环境
</a>
</li>
<li class="chapter " data-level="2.5" data-path="../cloud-native/setup-kubernetes-with-rancher-and-aliyun.html">
<a href="../cloud-native/setup-kubernetes-with-rancher-and-aliyun.html">
<b>2.5.</b>
使用 Rancher 在阿里云上部署 Kubenretes 集群
</a>
</li>
<li class="chapter " data-level="2.6" data-path="../cloud-native/kubernetes-and-cloud-native-app-overview.html">
<a href="../cloud-native/kubernetes-and-cloud-native-app-overview.html">
<b>2.6.</b>
Kubernetes 与云原生应用概览
</a>
</li>
<li class="chapter " data-level="2.7" data-path="../cloud-native/from-kubernetes-to-cloud-native.html">
<a href="../cloud-native/from-kubernetes-to-cloud-native.html">
<b>2.7.</b>
云原生应用之路 —— 从 Kubernetes 到 Cloud Native
</a>
</li>
<li class="chapter " data-level="2.8" data-path="../cloud-native/cloud-native-programming-languages.html">
<a href="../cloud-native/cloud-native-programming-languages.html">
<b>2.8.</b>
云原生编程语言
</a>
<ul class="articles">
<li class="chapter " data-level="2.8.1" data-path="../cloud-native/cloud-native-programming-language-ballerina.html">
<a href="../cloud-native/cloud-native-programming-language-ballerina.html">
<b>2.8.1.</b>
云原生编程语言 Ballerina
</a>
</li>
<li class="chapter " data-level="2.8.2" data-path="../cloud-native/cloud-native-programming-language-pulumi.html">
<a href="../cloud-native/cloud-native-programming-language-pulumi.html">
<b>2.8.2.</b>
云原生编程语言 Pulumi
</a>
</li>
</ul>
</li>
<li class="chapter " data-level="2.9" data-path="../cloud-native/the-future-of-cloud-native.html">
<a href="../cloud-native/the-future-of-cloud-native.html">
<b>2.9.</b>
云原生的未来
</a>
</li>
<li class="chapter " data-level="2.10" data-path="../cloud-native/define-cloud-native-app.html">
<a href="../cloud-native/define-cloud-native-app.html">
<b>2.10.</b>
定义云原生应用
</a>
<ul class="articles">
<li class="chapter " data-level="2.10.1" data-path="../cloud-native/workload.html">
<a href="../cloud-native/workload.html">
<b>2.10.1.</b>
Workload
</a>
</li>
<li class="chapter " data-level="2.10.2" data-path="../cloud-native/component.html">
<a href="../cloud-native/component.html">
<b>2.10.2.</b>
Component
</a>
</li>
<li class="chapter " data-level="2.10.3" data-path="../cloud-native/trait.html">
<a href="../cloud-native/trait.html">
<b>2.10.3.</b>
Trait
</a>
</li>
<li class="chapter " data-level="2.10.4" data-path="../cloud-native/application-scope.html">
<a href="../cloud-native/application-scope.html">
<b>2.10.4.</b>
Application Scope
</a>
</li>
<li class="chapter " data-level="2.10.5" data-path="../cloud-native/application-configuration.html">
<a href="../cloud-native/application-configuration.html">
<b>2.10.5.</b>
Application Configuration
</a>
</li>
</ul>
</li>
<li class="header">概念与原理</li>
<li class="chapter " data-level="3.1" data-path="../concepts/">
<a href="../concepts/">
<b>3.1.</b>
Kubernetes 架构
</a>
<ul class="articles">
<li class="chapter " data-level="3.1.1" data-path="../concepts/concepts.html">
<a href="../concepts/concepts.html">
<b>3.1.1.</b>
设计理念
</a>
</li>
<li class="chapter " data-level="3.1.2" data-path="../concepts/etcd.html">
<a href="../concepts/etcd.html">
<b>3.1.2.</b>
Etcd 解析
</a>
</li>
<li class="chapter " data-level="3.1.3" data-path="../concepts/open-interfaces.html">
<a href="../concepts/open-interfaces.html">
<b>3.1.3.</b>
开放接口
</a>
<ul class="articles">
<li class="chapter " data-level="3.1.3.1" data-path="../concepts/cri.html">
<a href="../concepts/cri.html">
<b>3.1.3.1.</b>
CRI - Container Runtime Interface容器运行时接口
</a>
</li>
<li class="chapter " data-level="3.1.3.2" data-path="../concepts/cni.html">
<a href="../concepts/cni.html">
<b>3.1.3.2.</b>
CNI - Container Network Interface容器网络接口
</a>
</li>
<li class="chapter " data-level="3.1.3.3" data-path="../concepts/csi.html">
<a href="../concepts/csi.html">
<b>3.1.3.3.</b>
CSI - Container Storage Interface容器存储接口
</a>
</li>
</ul>
</li>
</ul>
</li>
<li class="chapter " data-level="3.2" data-path="../concepts/networking.html">
<a href="../concepts/networking.html">
<b>3.2.</b>
Kubernetes 中的网络
</a>
<ul class="articles">
<li class="chapter " data-level="3.2.1" data-path="../concepts/flannel.html">
<a href="../concepts/flannel.html">
<b>3.2.1.</b>
Kubernetes 中的网络解析 —— 以 flannel 为例
</a>
</li>
<li class="chapter " data-level="3.2.2" data-path="../concepts/calico.html">
<a href="../concepts/calico.html">
<b>3.2.2.</b>
Kubernetes 中的网络解析 —— 以 calico 为例
</a>
</li>
<li class="chapter " data-level="3.2.3" data-path="../concepts/cilium.html">
<a href="../concepts/cilium.html">
<b>3.2.3.</b>
具备 API 感知的网络和安全性管理开源软件 Cilium
</a>
<ul class="articles">
<li class="chapter " data-level="3.2.3.1" data-path="../concepts/cilium-concepts.html">
<a href="../concepts/cilium-concepts.html">
<b>3.2.3.1.</b>
Cilium 架构设计与概念解析
</a>
</li>
</ul>
</li>
</ul>
</li>
<li class="chapter " data-level="3.3" data-path="../concepts/objects.html">
<a href="../concepts/objects.html">
<b>3.3.</b>
资源对象与基本概念解析
</a>
</li>
<li class="chapter " data-level="3.4" data-path="../concepts/pod-state-and-lifecycle.html">
<a href="../concepts/pod-state-and-lifecycle.html">
<b>3.4.</b>
Pod 状态与生命周期管理
</a>
<ul class="articles">
<li class="chapter " data-level="3.4.1" data-path="../concepts/pod-overview.html">
<a href="../concepts/pod-overview.html">
<b>3.4.1.</b>
Pod 概览
</a>
</li>
<li class="chapter " data-level="3.4.2" data-path="../concepts/pod.html">
<a href="../concepts/pod.html">
<b>3.4.2.</b>
Pod 解析
</a>
</li>
<li class="chapter " data-level="3.4.3" data-path="../concepts/init-containers.html">
<a href="../concepts/init-containers.html">
<b>3.4.3.</b>
Init 容器
</a>
</li>
<li class="chapter " data-level="3.4.4" data-path="../concepts/pause-container.html">
<a href="../concepts/pause-container.html">
<b>3.4.4.</b>
Pause 容器
</a>
</li>
<li class="chapter " data-level="3.4.5" data-path="../concepts/pod-security-policy.html">
<a href="../concepts/pod-security-policy.html">
<b>3.4.5.</b>
Pod 安全策略
</a>
</li>
<li class="chapter " data-level="3.4.6" data-path="../concepts/pod-lifecycle.html">
<a href="../concepts/pod-lifecycle.html">
<b>3.4.6.</b>
Pod 的生命周期
</a>
</li>
<li class="chapter " data-level="3.4.7" data-path="../concepts/pod-hook.html">
<a href="../concepts/pod-hook.html">
<b>3.4.7.</b>
Pod Hook
</a>
</li>
<li class="chapter " data-level="3.4.8" data-path="../concepts/pod-preset.html">
<a href="../concepts/pod-preset.html">
<b>3.4.8.</b>
Pod Preset
</a>
</li>
<li class="chapter " data-level="3.4.9" data-path="../concepts/pod-disruption-budget.html">
<a href="../concepts/pod-disruption-budget.html">
<b>3.4.9.</b>
Pod 中断与 PDBPod 中断预算)
</a>
</li>
</ul>
</li>
<li class="chapter " data-level="3.5" data-path="../concepts/cluster.html">
<a href="../concepts/cluster.html">
<b>3.5.</b>
集群资源管理
</a>
<ul class="articles">
<li class="chapter " data-level="3.5.1" data-path="../concepts/node.html">
<a href="../concepts/node.html">
<b>3.5.1.</b>
Node
</a>
</li>
<li class="chapter " data-level="3.5.2" data-path="../concepts/namespace.html">
<a href="../concepts/namespace.html">
<b>3.5.2.</b>
Namespace
</a>
</li>
<li class="chapter " data-level="3.5.3" data-path="../concepts/label.html">
<a href="../concepts/label.html">
<b>3.5.3.</b>
Label
</a>
</li>
<li class="chapter " data-level="3.5.4" data-path="../concepts/annotation.html">
<a href="../concepts/annotation.html">
<b>3.5.4.</b>
Annotation
</a>
</li>
<li class="chapter " data-level="3.5.5" data-path="../concepts/taint-and-toleration.html">
<a href="../concepts/taint-and-toleration.html">
<b>3.5.5.</b>
Taint 和 Toleration污点和容忍
</a>
</li>
<li class="chapter " data-level="3.5.6" data-path="../concepts/garbage-collection.html">
<a href="../concepts/garbage-collection.html">
<b>3.5.6.</b>
垃圾收集
</a>
</li>
</ul>
</li>
<li class="chapter " data-level="3.6" data-path="../concepts/controllers.html">
<a href="../concepts/controllers.html">
<b>3.6.</b>
控制器
</a>
<ul class="articles">
<li class="chapter " data-level="3.6.1" data-path="../concepts/deployment.html">
<a href="../concepts/deployment.html">
<b>3.6.1.</b>
Deployment
</a>
</li>
<li class="chapter " data-level="3.6.2" data-path="../concepts/statefulset.html">
<a href="../concepts/statefulset.html">
<b>3.6.2.</b>
StatefulSet
</a>
</li>
<li class="chapter " data-level="3.6.3" data-path="../concepts/daemonset.html">
<a href="../concepts/daemonset.html">
<b>3.6.3.</b>
DaemonSet
</a>
</li>
<li class="chapter " data-level="3.6.4" data-path="../concepts/replicaset.html">
<a href="../concepts/replicaset.html">
<b>3.6.4.</b>
ReplicationController 和 ReplicaSet
</a>
</li>
<li class="chapter " data-level="3.6.5" data-path="../concepts/job.html">
<a href="../concepts/job.html">
<b>3.6.5.</b>
Job
</a>
</li>
<li class="chapter " data-level="3.6.6" data-path="../concepts/cronjob.html">
<a href="../concepts/cronjob.html">
<b>3.6.6.</b>
CronJob
</a>
</li>
<li class="chapter " data-level="3.6.7" data-path="../concepts/horizontal-pod-autoscaling.html">
<a href="../concepts/horizontal-pod-autoscaling.html">
<b>3.6.7.</b>
Horizontal Pod Autoscaling
</a>
<ul class="articles">
<li class="chapter " data-level="3.6.7.1" data-path="../concepts/custom-metrics-hpa.html">
<a href="../concepts/custom-metrics-hpa.html">
<b>3.6.7.1.</b>
自定义指标 HPA
</a>
</li>
</ul>
</li>
<li class="chapter " data-level="3.6.8" data-path="../concepts/admission-controller.html">
<a href="../concepts/admission-controller.html">
<b>3.6.8.</b>
准入控制器Admission Controller
</a>
</li>
</ul>
</li>
<li class="chapter " data-level="3.7" data-path="../concepts/service-discovery.html">
<a href="../concepts/service-discovery.html">
<b>3.7.</b>
服务发现
</a>
<ul class="articles">
<li class="chapter " data-level="3.7.1" data-path="../concepts/service.html">
<a href="../concepts/service.html">
<b>3.7.1.</b>
Service
</a>
</li>
<li class="chapter " data-level="3.7.2" data-path="../concepts/ingress.html">
<a href="../concepts/ingress.html">
<b>3.7.2.</b>
Ingress
</a>
<ul class="articles">
<li class="chapter " data-level="3.7.2.1" data-path="../concepts/traefik-ingress-controller.html">
<a href="../concepts/traefik-ingress-controller.html">
<b>3.7.2.1.</b>
Traefik Ingress Controller
</a>
</li>
</ul>
</li>
</ul>
</li>
<li class="chapter " data-level="3.8" data-path="../concepts/authentication-and-permission.html">
<a href="../concepts/authentication-and-permission.html">
<b>3.8.</b>
身份与权限控制
</a>
<ul class="articles">
<li class="chapter " data-level="3.8.1" data-path="../concepts/serviceaccount.html">
<a href="../concepts/serviceaccount.html">
<b>3.8.1.</b>
ServiceAccount
</a>
</li>
<li class="chapter " data-level="3.8.2" data-path="../concepts/rbac.html">
<a href="../concepts/rbac.html">
<b>3.8.2.</b>
RBAC—— 基于角色的访问控制
</a>
</li>
<li class="chapter " data-level="3.8.3" data-path="../concepts/network-policy.html">
<a href="../concepts/network-policy.html">
<b>3.8.3.</b>
NetworkPolicy
</a>
</li>
</ul>
</li>
<li class="chapter " data-level="3.9" data-path="../concepts/storage.html">
<a href="../concepts/storage.html">
<b>3.9.</b>
存储
</a>
<ul class="articles">
<li class="chapter " data-level="3.9.1" data-path="../concepts/secret.html">
<a href="../concepts/secret.html">
<b>3.9.1.</b>
Secret
</a>
</li>
<li class="chapter " data-level="3.9.2" data-path="../concepts/configmap.html">
<a href="../concepts/configmap.html">
<b>3.9.2.</b>
ConfigMap
</a>
<ul class="articles">
<li class="chapter " data-level="3.9.2.1" data-path="../concepts/configmap-hot-update.html">
<a href="../concepts/configmap-hot-update.html">
<b>3.9.2.1.</b>
ConfigMap 的热更新
</a>
</li>
</ul>
</li>
<li class="chapter " data-level="3.9.3" data-path="../concepts/volume.html">
<a href="../concepts/volume.html">
<b>3.9.3.</b>
Volume
</a>
</li>
<li class="chapter " data-level="3.9.4" data-path="../concepts/persistent-volume.html">
<a href="../concepts/persistent-volume.html">
<b>3.9.4.</b>
Persistent Volume持久化卷
</a>
</li>
<li class="chapter " data-level="3.9.5" data-path="../concepts/storageclass.html">
<a href="../concepts/storageclass.html">
<b>3.9.5.</b>
Storage Class
</a>
</li>
<li class="chapter " data-level="3.9.6" data-path="../concepts/local-persistent-storage.html">
<a href="../concepts/local-persistent-storage.html">
<b>3.9.6.</b>
本地持久化存储
</a>
</li>
</ul>
</li>
<li class="chapter " data-level="3.10" data-path="../concepts/extension.html">
<a href="../concepts/extension.html">
<b>3.10.</b>
集群扩展
</a>
<ul class="articles">
<li class="chapter " data-level="3.10.1" data-path="../concepts/custom-resource.html">
<a href="../concepts/custom-resource.html">
<b>3.10.1.</b>
使用自定义资源扩展 API
</a>
</li>
<li class="chapter " data-level="3.10.2" data-path="../concepts/crd.html">
<a href="../concepts/crd.html">
<b>3.10.2.</b>
使用 CRD 扩展 Kubernetes API
</a>
</li>
<li class="chapter " data-level="3.10.3" data-path="../concepts/aggregated-api-server.html">
<a href="../concepts/aggregated-api-server.html">
<b>3.10.3.</b>
Aggregated API Server
</a>
</li>
<li class="chapter " data-level="3.10.4" data-path="../concepts/apiservice.html">
<a href="../concepts/apiservice.html">
<b>3.10.4.</b>
APIService
</a>
</li>
<li class="chapter " data-level="3.10.5" data-path="../concepts/service-catalog.html">
<a href="../concepts/service-catalog.html">
<b>3.10.5.</b>
Service Catalog
</a>
</li>
</ul>
</li>
<li class="chapter " data-level="3.11" data-path="../concepts/scheduling.html">
<a href="../concepts/scheduling.html">
<b>3.11.</b>
资源调度
</a>
<ul class="articles">
<li class="chapter " data-level="3.11.1" data-path="../concepts/qos.html">
<a href="../concepts/qos.html">
<b>3.11.1.</b>
QoS服务质量等级
</a>
</li>
</ul>
</li>
<li class="header">用户指南</li>
<li class="chapter " data-level="4.1" data-path="../guide/">
<a href="../guide/">
<b>4.1.</b>
用户指南
</a>
</li>
<li class="chapter " data-level="4.2" data-path="../guide/resource-configuration.html">
<a href="../guide/resource-configuration.html">
<b>4.2.</b>
资源对象配置
</a>
<ul class="articles">
<li class="chapter " data-level="4.2.1" data-path="../guide/configure-liveness-readiness-probes.html">
<a href="../guide/configure-liveness-readiness-probes.html">
<b>4.2.1.</b>
配置 Pod 的 liveness 和 readiness 探针
</a>
</li>
<li class="chapter " data-level="4.2.2" data-path="../guide/configure-pod-service-account.html">
<a href="../guide/configure-pod-service-account.html">
<b>4.2.2.</b>
配置 Pod 的 Service Account
</a>
</li>
<li class="chapter " data-level="4.2.3" data-path="../guide/secret-configuration.html">
<a href="../guide/secret-configuration.html">
<b>4.2.3.</b>
Secret 配置
</a>
</li>
<li class="chapter " data-level="4.2.4" data-path="../guide/resource-quota-management.html">
<a href="../guide/resource-quota-management.html">
<b>4.2.4.</b>
管理 namespace 中的资源配额
</a>
</li>
</ul>
</li>
<li class="chapter " data-level="4.3" data-path="../guide/command-usage.html">
<a href="../guide/command-usage.html">
<b>4.3.</b>
命令使用
</a>
<ul class="articles">
<li class="chapter " data-level="4.3.1" data-path="../guide/docker-cli-to-kubectl.html">
<a href="../guide/docker-cli-to-kubectl.html">
<b>4.3.1.</b>
Docker 用户过渡到 kubectl 命令行指南
</a>
</li>
<li class="chapter " data-level="4.3.2" data-path="../guide/using-kubectl.html">
<a href="../guide/using-kubectl.html">
<b>4.3.2.</b>
kubectl 命令概览
</a>
</li>
<li class="chapter " data-level="4.3.3" data-path="../guide/kubectl-cheatsheet.html">
<a href="../guide/kubectl-cheatsheet.html">
<b>4.3.3.</b>
kubectl 命令技巧大全
</a>
</li>
<li class="chapter " data-level="4.3.4" data-path="../guide/using-etcdctl-to-access-kubernetes-data.html">
<a href="../guide/using-etcdctl-to-access-kubernetes-data.html">
<b>4.3.4.</b>
使用 etcdctl 访问 kubernetes 数据
</a>
</li>
</ul>
</li>
<li class="chapter " data-level="4.4" data-path="../guide/cluster-security-management.html">
<a href="../guide/cluster-security-management.html">
<b>4.4.</b>
集群安全性管理
</a>
<ul class="articles">
<li class="chapter " data-level="4.4.1" data-path="../guide/managing-tls-in-a-cluster.html">
<a href="../guide/managing-tls-in-a-cluster.html">
<b>4.4.1.</b>
管理集群中的 TLS
</a>
</li>
<li class="chapter " data-level="4.4.2" data-path="../guide/kubelet-authentication-authorization.html">
<a href="../guide/kubelet-authentication-authorization.html">
<b>4.4.2.</b>
kubelet 的认证授权
</a>
</li>
<li class="chapter " data-level="4.4.3" data-path="../guide/tls-bootstrapping.html">
<a href="../guide/tls-bootstrapping.html">
<b>4.4.3.</b>
TLS bootstrap
</a>
</li>
<li class="chapter " data-level="4.4.4" data-path="../guide/kubectl-user-authentication-authorization.html">
<a href="../guide/kubectl-user-authentication-authorization.html">
<b>4.4.4.</b>
创建用户认证授权的 kubeconfig 文件
</a>
</li>
<li class="chapter " data-level="4.4.5" data-path="../guide/ip-masq-agent.html">
<a href="../guide/ip-masq-agent.html">
<b>4.4.5.</b>
IP 伪装代理
</a>
</li>
<li class="chapter " data-level="4.4.6" data-path="../guide/auth-with-kubeconfig-or-token.html">
<a href="../guide/auth-with-kubeconfig-or-token.html">
<b>4.4.6.</b>
使用 kubeconfig 或 token 进行用户身份认证
</a>
</li>
<li class="chapter " data-level="4.4.7" data-path="../guide/authentication.html">
<a href="../guide/authentication.html">
<b>4.4.7.</b>
Kubernetes 中的用户与身份认证授权
</a>
</li>
<li class="chapter " data-level="4.4.8" data-path="../guide/kubernetes-security-best-practice.html">
<a href="../guide/kubernetes-security-best-practice.html">
<b>4.4.8.</b>
Kubernetes 集群安全性配置最佳实践
</a>
</li>
</ul>
</li>
<li class="chapter " data-level="4.5" data-path="../guide/access-kubernetes-cluster.html">
<a href="../guide/access-kubernetes-cluster.html">
<b>4.5.</b>
访问 Kubernetes 集群
</a>
<ul class="articles">
<li class="chapter " data-level="4.5.1" data-path="../guide/access-cluster.html">
<a href="../guide/access-cluster.html">
<b>4.5.1.</b>
访问集群
</a>
</li>
<li class="chapter " data-level="4.5.2" data-path="../guide/authenticate-across-clusters-kubeconfig.html">
<a href="../guide/authenticate-across-clusters-kubeconfig.html">
<b>4.5.2.</b>
使用 kubeconfig 文件配置跨集群认证
</a>
</li>
<li class="chapter " data-level="4.5.3" data-path="../guide/connecting-to-applications-port-forward.html">
<a href="../guide/connecting-to-applications-port-forward.html">
<b>4.5.3.</b>
通过端口转发访问集群中的应用程序
</a>
</li>
<li class="chapter " data-level="4.5.4" data-path="../guide/service-access-application-cluster.html">
<a href="../guide/service-access-application-cluster.html">
<b>4.5.4.</b>
使用 service 访问群集中的应用程序
</a>
</li>
<li class="chapter " data-level="4.5.5" data-path="../guide/accessing-kubernetes-pods-from-outside-of-the-cluster.html">
<a href="../guide/accessing-kubernetes-pods-from-outside-of-the-cluster.html">
<b>4.5.5.</b>
从外部访问 Kubernetes 中的 Pod
</a>
</li>
<li class="chapter " data-level="4.5.6" data-path="../guide/cabin-mobile-dashboard-for-kubernetes.html">
<a href="../guide/cabin-mobile-dashboard-for-kubernetes.html">
<b>4.5.6.</b>
Cabin - Kubernetes 手机客户端
</a>
</li>
<li class="chapter " data-level="4.5.7" data-path="../guide/kubernetes-desktop-client.html">
<a href="../guide/kubernetes-desktop-client.html">
<b>4.5.7.</b>
Kubernetic - Kubernetes 桌面客户端
</a>
</li>
<li class="chapter " data-level="4.5.8" data-path="../guide/kubernator-kubernetes-ui.html">
<a href="../guide/kubernator-kubernetes-ui.html">
<b>4.5.8.</b>
Kubernator - 更底层的 Kubernetes UI
</a>
</li>
</ul>
</li>
<li class="chapter " data-level="4.6" data-path="../guide/application-development-deployment-flow.html">
<a href="../guide/application-development-deployment-flow.html">
<b>4.6.</b>
在 Kubernetes 中开发部署应用
</a>
<ul class="articles">
<li class="chapter " data-level="4.6.1" data-path="../guide/deploy-applications-in-kubernetes.html">
<a href="../guide/deploy-applications-in-kubernetes.html">
<b>4.6.1.</b>
适用于 kubernetes 的应用开发部署流程
</a>
</li>
<li class="chapter " data-level="4.6.2" data-path="../guide/migrating-hadoop-yarn-to-kubernetes.html">
<a href="../guide/migrating-hadoop-yarn-to-kubernetes.html">
<b>4.6.2.</b>
迁移传统应用到 Kubernetes 中 —— 以 Hadoop YARN 为例
</a>
</li>
<li class="chapter " data-level="4.6.3" data-path="../guide/using-statefulset.html">
<a href="../guide/using-statefulset.html">
<b>4.6.3.</b>
使用 StatefulSet 部署用状态应用
</a>
</li>
</ul>
</li>
<li class="header">最佳实践</li>
<li class="chapter " data-level="5.1" data-path="./">
<a href="./">
<b>5.1.</b>
最佳实践概览
</a>
</li>
<li class="chapter " data-level="5.2" data-path="install-kubernetes-on-centos.html">
<a href="install-kubernetes-on-centos.html">
<b>5.2.</b>
在 CentOS 上部署 Kubernetes 集群
</a>
<ul class="articles">
<li class="chapter " data-level="5.2.1" data-path="create-tls-and-secret-key.html">
<a href="create-tls-and-secret-key.html">
<b>5.2.1.</b>
创建 TLS 证书和秘钥
</a>
</li>
<li class="chapter " data-level="5.2.2" data-path="create-kubeconfig.html">
<a href="create-kubeconfig.html">
<b>5.2.2.</b>
创建 kubeconfig 文件
</a>
</li>
<li class="chapter " data-level="5.2.3" data-path="etcd-cluster-installation.html">
<a href="etcd-cluster-installation.html">
<b>5.2.3.</b>
创建高可用 etcd 集群
</a>
</li>
<li class="chapter " data-level="5.2.4" data-path="kubectl-installation.html">
<a href="kubectl-installation.html">
<b>5.2.4.</b>
安装 kubectl 命令行工具
</a>
</li>
<li class="chapter " data-level="5.2.5" data-path="master-installation.html">
<a href="master-installation.html">
<b>5.2.5.</b>
部署 master 节点
</a>
</li>
<li class="chapter " data-level="5.2.6" data-path="flannel-installation.html">
<a href="flannel-installation.html">
<b>5.2.6.</b>
安装 flannel 网络插件
</a>
</li>
<li class="chapter " data-level="5.2.7" data-path="node-installation.html">
<a href="node-installation.html">
<b>5.2.7.</b>
部署 node 节点
</a>
</li>
<li class="chapter " data-level="5.2.8" data-path="kubedns-addon-installation.html">
<a href="kubedns-addon-installation.html">
<b>5.2.8.</b>
安装 kubedns 插件
</a>
</li>
<li class="chapter " data-level="5.2.9" data-path="dashboard-addon-installation.html">
<a href="dashboard-addon-installation.html">
<b>5.2.9.</b>
安装 dashboard 插件
</a>
</li>
<li class="chapter " data-level="5.2.10" data-path="heapster-addon-installation.html">
<a href="heapster-addon-installation.html">
<b>5.2.10.</b>
安装 heapster 插件
</a>
</li>
<li class="chapter " data-level="5.2.11" data-path="efk-addon-installation.html">
<a href="efk-addon-installation.html">
<b>5.2.11.</b>
安装 EFK 插件
</a>
</li>
</ul>
</li>
<li class="chapter " data-level="5.3" data-path="install-kubernetes-with-kubeadm.html">
<a href="install-kubernetes-with-kubeadm.html">
<b>5.3.</b>
生产级的 Kubernetes 简化管理工具 kubeadm
</a>
<ul class="articles">
<li class="chapter " data-level="5.3.1" data-path="install-kubernetes-on-ubuntu-server-16.04-with-kubeadm.html">
<a href="install-kubernetes-on-ubuntu-server-16.04-with-kubeadm.html">
<b>5.3.1.</b>
使用 kubeadm 在 Ubuntu Server 16.04 上快速构建测试集群
</a>
</li>
</ul>
</li>
<li class="chapter " data-level="5.4" data-path="service-discovery-and-loadbalancing.html">
<a href="service-discovery-and-loadbalancing.html">
<b>5.4.</b>
服务发现与负载均衡
</a>
<ul class="articles">
<li class="chapter " data-level="5.4.1" data-path="traefik-ingress-installation.html">
<a href="traefik-ingress-installation.html">
<b>5.4.1.</b>
安装 Traefik ingress
</a>
</li>
<li class="chapter " data-level="5.4.2" data-path="distributed-load-test.html">
<a href="distributed-load-test.html">
<b>5.4.2.</b>
分布式负载测试
</a>
</li>
<li class="chapter " data-level="5.4.3" data-path="network-and-cluster-perfermance-test.html">
<a href="network-and-cluster-perfermance-test.html">
<b>5.4.3.</b>
网络和集群性能测试
</a>
</li>
<li class="chapter " data-level="5.4.4" data-path="edge-node-configuration.html">
<a href="edge-node-configuration.html">
<b>5.4.4.</b>
边缘节点配置
</a>
</li>
<li class="chapter " data-level="5.4.5" data-path="nginx-ingress-installation.html">
<a href="nginx-ingress-installation.html">
<b>5.4.5.</b>
安装 Nginx ingress
</a>
</li>
<li class="chapter " data-level="5.4.6" data-path="dns-installation.html">
<a href="dns-installation.html">
<b>5.4.6.</b>
安装配置 DNS
</a>
<ul class="articles">
<li class="chapter " data-level="5.4.6.1" data-path="configuring-dns.html">
<a href="configuring-dns.html">
<b>5.4.6.1.</b>
安装配置 Kube-dns
</a>
</li>
<li class="chapter " data-level="5.4.6.2" data-path="coredns.html">
<a href="coredns.html">
<b>5.4.6.2.</b>
安装配置 CoreDNS
</a>
</li>
</ul>
</li>
</ul>
</li>
<li class="chapter " data-level="5.5" data-path="operation.html">
<a href="operation.html">
<b>5.5.</b>
运维管理
</a>
<ul class="articles">
<li class="chapter " data-level="5.5.1" data-path="master-ha.html">
<a href="master-ha.html">
<b>5.5.1.</b>
Master 节点高可用
</a>
</li>
<li class="chapter " data-level="5.5.2" data-path="service-rolling-update.html">
<a href="service-rolling-update.html">
<b>5.5.2.</b>
服务滚动升级
</a>
</li>
<li class="chapter " data-level="5.5.3" data-path="app-log-collection.html">
<a href="app-log-collection.html">
<b>5.5.3.</b>
应用日志收集
</a>
</li>
<li class="chapter " data-level="5.5.4" data-path="configuration-best-practice.html">
<a href="configuration-best-practice.html">
<b>5.5.4.</b>
配置最佳实践
</a>
</li>
<li class="chapter " data-level="5.5.5" data-path="monitor.html">
<a href="monitor.html">
<b>5.5.5.</b>
集群及应用监控
</a>
</li>
<li class="chapter " data-level="5.5.6" data-path="data-persistence-problem.html">
<a href="data-persistence-problem.html">
<b>5.5.6.</b>
数据持久化问题
</a>
</li>
<li class="chapter active" data-level="5.5.7" data-path="manage-compute-resources-container.html">
<a href="manage-compute-resources-container.html">
<b>5.5.7.</b>
管理容器的计算资源
</a>
</li>
<li class="chapter " data-level="5.5.8" data-path="federation.html">
<a href="federation.html">
<b>5.5.8.</b>
集群联邦
</a>
</li>
</ul>
</li>
<li class="chapter " data-level="5.6" data-path="storage.html">
<a href="storage.html">
<b>5.6.</b>
存储管理
</a>
<ul class="articles">
<li class="chapter " data-level="5.6.1" data-path="glusterfs.html">
<a href="glusterfs.html">
<b>5.6.1.</b>
GlusterFS
</a>
<ul class="articles">
<li class="chapter " data-level="5.6.1.1" data-path="using-glusterfs-for-persistent-storage.html">
<a href="using-glusterfs-for-persistent-storage.html">
<b>5.6.1.1.</b>
使用 GlusterFS 做持久化存储
</a>
</li>
<li class="chapter " data-level="5.6.1.2" data-path="using-heketi-gluster-for-persistent-storage.html">
<a href="using-heketi-gluster-for-persistent-storage.html">
<b>5.6.1.2.</b>
使用 Heketi 作为 Kubernetes 的持久存储 GlusterFS 的 external provisioner
</a>
</li>
<li class="chapter " data-level="5.6.1.3" data-path="storage-for-containers-using-glusterfs-with-openshift.html">
<a href="storage-for-containers-using-glusterfs-with-openshift.html">
<b>5.6.1.3.</b>
在 OpenShift 中使用 GlusterFS 做持久化存储
</a>
</li>
</ul>
</li>
<li class="chapter " data-level="5.6.2" data-path="glusterd-2.0.html">
<a href="glusterd-2.0.html">
<b>5.6.2.</b>
GlusterD-2.0
</a>
</li>
<li class="chapter " data-level="5.6.3" data-path="ceph.html">
<a href="ceph.html">
<b>5.6.3.</b>
Ceph
</a>
<ul class="articles">
<li class="chapter " data-level="5.6.3.1" data-path="ceph-helm-install-guide-zh.html">
<a href="ceph-helm-install-guide-zh.html">
<b>5.6.3.1.</b>
用 Helm 托管安装 Ceph 集群并提供后端存储
</a>
</li>
<li class="chapter " data-level="5.6.3.2" data-path="using-ceph-for-persistent-storage.html">
<a href="using-ceph-for-persistent-storage.html">
<b>5.6.3.2.</b>
使用 Ceph 做持久化存储
</a>
</li>
<li class="chapter " data-level="5.6.3.3" data-path="rbd-provisioner.html">
<a href="rbd-provisioner.html">
<b>5.6.3.3.</b>
使用 rbd-provisioner 提供 rbd 持久化存储
</a>
</li>
</ul>
</li>
<li class="chapter " data-level="5.6.4" data-path="openebs.html">
<a href="openebs.html">
<b>5.6.4.</b>
OpenEBS
</a>
<ul class="articles">
<li class="chapter " data-level="5.6.4.1" data-path="using-openebs-for-persistent-storage.html">
<a href="using-openebs-for-persistent-storage.html">
<b>5.6.4.1.</b>
使用 OpenEBS 做持久化存储
</a>
</li>
</ul>
</li>
<li class="chapter " data-level="5.6.5" data-path="rook.html">
<a href="rook.html">
<b>5.6.5.</b>
Rook
</a>
</li>
<li class="chapter " data-level="5.6.6" data-path="nfs.html">
<a href="nfs.html">
<b>5.6.6.</b>
NFS
</a>
<ul class="articles">
<li class="chapter " data-level="5.6.6.1" data-path="using-nfs-for-persistent-storage.html">
<a href="using-nfs-for-persistent-storage.html">
<b>5.6.6.1.</b>
利用 NFS 动态提供 Kubernetes 后端存储卷
</a>
</li>
</ul>
</li>
</ul>
</li>
<li class="chapter " data-level="5.7" data-path="monitoring.html">
<a href="monitoring.html">
<b>5.7.</b>
集群与应用监控
</a>
<ul class="articles">
<li class="chapter " data-level="5.7.1" data-path="heapster.html">
<a href="heapster.html">
<b>5.7.1.</b>
Heapster
</a>
<ul class="articles">
<li class="chapter " data-level="5.7.1.1" data-path="using-heapster-to-get-object-metrics.html">
<a href="using-heapster-to-get-object-metrics.html">
<b>5.7.1.1.</b>
使用 Heapster 获取集群和对象的 metric 数据
</a>
</li>
</ul>
</li>
<li class="chapter " data-level="5.7.2" data-path="prometheus.html">
<a href="prometheus.html">
<b>5.7.2.</b>
Prometheus
</a>
<ul class="articles">
<li class="chapter " data-level="5.7.2.1" data-path="using-prometheus-to-monitor-kuberentes-cluster.html">
<a href="using-prometheus-to-monitor-kuberentes-cluster.html">
<b>5.7.2.1.</b>
使用 Prometheus 监控 kubernetes 集群
</a>
</li>
<li class="chapter " data-level="5.7.2.2" data-path="promql.html">
<a href="promql.html">
<b>5.7.2.2.</b>
Prometheus 查询语言 PromQL 使用说明
</a>
</li>
</ul>
</li>
<li class="chapter " data-level="5.7.3" data-path="vistio-visualize-your-istio-mesh.html">
<a href="vistio-visualize-your-istio-mesh.html">
<b>5.7.3.</b>
使用 Vistio 监控 Istio 服务网格中的流量
</a>
</li>
</ul>
</li>
<li class="chapter " data-level="5.8" data-path="distributed-tracing.html">
<a href="distributed-tracing.html">
<b>5.8.</b>
分布式跟踪
</a>
<ul class="articles">
<li class="chapter " data-level="5.8.1" data-path="opentracing.html">
<a href="opentracing.html">
<b>5.8.1.</b>
OpenTracing
</a>
</li>
</ul>
</li>
<li class="chapter " data-level="5.9" data-path="services-management-tool.html">
<a href="services-management-tool.html">
<b>5.9.</b>
服务编排管理
</a>
<ul class="articles">
<li class="chapter " data-level="5.9.1" data-path="helm.html">
<a href="helm.html">
<b>5.9.1.</b>
使用 Helm 管理 Kubernetes 应用
</a>
</li>
<li class="chapter " data-level="5.9.2" data-path="create-private-charts-repo.html">
<a href="create-private-charts-repo.html">
<b>5.9.2.</b>
构建私有 Chart 仓库
</a>
</li>
</ul>
</li>
<li class="chapter " data-level="5.10" data-path="ci-cd.html">
<a href="ci-cd.html">
<b>5.10.</b>
持续集成与发布
</a>
<ul class="articles">
<li class="chapter " data-level="5.10.1" data-path="jenkins-ci-cd.html">
<a href="jenkins-ci-cd.html">
<b>5.10.1.</b>
使用 Jenkins 进行持续集成与发布
</a>
</li>
<li class="chapter " data-level="5.10.2" data-path="drone-ci-cd.html">
<a href="drone-ci-cd.html">
<b>5.10.2.</b>
使用 Drone 进行持续集成与发布
</a>
</li>
</ul>
</li>
<li class="chapter " data-level="5.11" data-path="update-and-upgrade.html">
<a href="update-and-upgrade.html">
<b>5.11.</b>
更新与升级
</a>
<ul class="articles">
<li class="chapter " data-level="5.11.1" data-path="manually-upgrade.html">
<a href="manually-upgrade.html">
<b>5.11.1.</b>
手动升级 Kubernetes 集群
</a>
</li>
<li class="chapter " data-level="5.11.2" data-path="dashboard-upgrade.html">
<a href="dashboard-upgrade.html">
<b>5.11.2.</b>
升级 dashboard
</a>
</li>
</ul>
</li>
<li class="chapter " data-level="5.12" data-path="controller-extended.html">
<a href="controller-extended.html">
<b>5.12.</b>
扩展控制器
</a>
<ul class="articles">
<li class="chapter " data-level="5.12.1" data-path="openkruise.html">
<a href="openkruise.html">
<b>5.12.1.</b>
OpenKruise
</a>
<ul class="articles">
<li class="chapter " data-level="5.12.1.1" data-path="in-place-update.html">
<a href="in-place-update.html">
<b>5.12.1.1.</b>
原地升级
</a>
</li>
</ul>
</li>
</ul>
</li>
<li class="header">领域应用</li>
<li class="chapter " data-level="6.1" data-path="../usecases/">
<a href="../usecases/">
<b>6.1.</b>
领域应用概览
</a>
</li>
<li class="chapter " data-level="6.2" data-path="../usecases/microservices.html">
<a href="../usecases/microservices.html">
<b>6.2.</b>
微服务架构
</a>
<ul class="articles">
<li class="chapter " data-level="6.2.1" data-path="../usecases/service-discovery-in-microservices.html">
<a href="../usecases/service-discovery-in-microservices.html">
<b>6.2.1.</b>
微服务中的服务发现
</a>
</li>
<li class="chapter " data-level="6.2.2" data-path="../usecases/microservices-for-java-developers.html">
<a href="../usecases/microservices-for-java-developers.html">
<b>6.2.2.</b>
使用 Java 构建微服务并发布到 Kubernetes 平台
</a>
<ul class="articles">
<li class="chapter " data-level="6.2.2.1" data-path="../usecases/spring-boot-quick-start-guide.html">
<a href="../usecases/spring-boot-quick-start-guide.html">
<b>6.2.2.1.</b>
Spring Boot 快速开始指南
</a>
</li>
</ul>
</li>
</ul>
</li>
<li class="chapter " data-level="6.3" data-path="../usecases/service-mesh.html">
<a href="../usecases/service-mesh.html">
<b>6.3.</b>
Service Mesh 服务网格
</a>
<ul class="articles">
<li class="chapter " data-level="6.3.1" data-path="../usecases/the-enterprise-path-to-service-mesh-architectures.html">
<a href="../usecases/the-enterprise-path-to-service-mesh-architectures.html">
<b>6.3.1.</b>
企业级服务网格架构
</a>
<ul class="articles">
<li class="chapter " data-level="6.3.1.1" data-path="../usecases/service-mesh-fundamental.html">
<a href="../usecases/service-mesh-fundamental.html">
<b>6.3.1.1.</b>
Service Mesh 基础
</a>
</li>
<li class="chapter " data-level="6.3.1.2" data-path="../usecases/comparing-service-mesh-technologies.html">
<a href="../usecases/comparing-service-mesh-technologies.html">
<b>6.3.1.2.</b>
Service Mesh 技术对比
</a>
</li>
<li class="chapter " data-level="6.3.1.3" data-path="../usecases/service-mesh-adoption-and-evolution.html">
<a href="../usecases/service-mesh-adoption-and-evolution.html">
<b>6.3.1.3.</b>
采纳和演进
</a>
</li>
<li class="chapter " data-level="6.3.1.4" data-path="../usecases/service-mesh-customization-and-integration.html">
<a href="../usecases/service-mesh-customization-and-integration.html">
<b>6.3.1.4.</b>
定制和集成
</a>
</li>
<li class="chapter " data-level="6.3.1.5" data-path="../usecases/service-mesh-conclusion.html">
<a href="../usecases/service-mesh-conclusion.html">
<b>6.3.1.5.</b>
总结
</a>
</li>
</ul>
</li>
<li class="chapter " data-level="6.3.2" data-path="../usecases/istio.html">
<a href="../usecases/istio.html">
<b>6.3.2.</b>
Istio
</a>
<ul class="articles">
<li class="chapter " data-level="6.3.2.1" data-path="../usecases/istio-installation.html">
<a href="../usecases/istio-installation.html">
<b>6.3.2.1.</b>
安装并试用 Istio service mesh
</a>
</li>
<li class="chapter " data-level="6.3.2.2" data-path="../usecases/sidecar-spec-in-istio.html">
<a href="../usecases/sidecar-spec-in-istio.html">
<b>6.3.2.2.</b>
Istio 中 sidecar 的注入规范及示例
</a>
</li>
<li class="chapter " data-level="6.3.2.3" data-path="../usecases/istio-community-tips.html">
<a href="../usecases/istio-community-tips.html">
<b>6.3.2.3.</b>
如何参与 Istio 社区及注意事项
</a>
</li>
<li class="chapter " data-level="6.3.2.4" data-path="../usecases/istio-tutorials-collection.html">
<a href="../usecases/istio-tutorials-collection.html">
<b>6.3.2.4.</b>
Istio 免费学习资源汇总
</a>
</li>
<li class="chapter " data-level="6.3.2.5" data-path="../usecases/understand-sidecar-injection-and-traffic-hijack-in-istio-service-mesh.html">
<a href="../usecases/understand-sidecar-injection-and-traffic-hijack-in-istio-service-mesh.html">
<b>6.3.2.5.</b>
Sidecar 的注入与流量劫持
</a>
</li>
<li class="chapter " data-level="6.3.2.6" data-path="../usecases/envoy-sidecar-routing-of-istio-service-mesh-deep-dive.html">
<a href="../usecases/envoy-sidecar-routing-of-istio-service-mesh-deep-dive.html">
<b>6.3.2.6.</b>
Envoy Sidecar 代理的路由转发
</a>
</li>
</ul>
</li>
<li class="chapter " data-level="6.3.3" data-path="../usecases/linkerd.html">
<a href="../usecases/linkerd.html">
<b>6.3.3.</b>
Linkerd
</a>
<ul class="articles">
<li class="chapter " data-level="6.3.3.1" data-path="../usecases/linkerd-user-guide.html">
<a href="../usecases/linkerd-user-guide.html">
<b>6.3.3.1.</b>
Linkerd 使用指南
</a>
</li>
</ul>
</li>
<li class="chapter " data-level="6.3.4" data-path="../usecases/conduit.html">
<a href="../usecases/conduit.html">
<b>6.3.4.</b>
Conduit
</a>
<ul class="articles">
<li class="chapter " data-level="6.3.4.1" data-path="../usecases/conduit-overview.html">
<a href="../usecases/conduit-overview.html">
<b>6.3.4.1.</b>
Condiut 概览
</a>
</li>
<li class="chapter " data-level="6.3.4.2" data-path="../usecases/conduit-installation.html">
<a href="../usecases/conduit-installation.html">
<b>6.3.4.2.</b>
安装 Conduit
</a>
</li>
</ul>
</li>
<li class="chapter " data-level="6.3.5" data-path="../usecases/envoy.html">
<a href="../usecases/envoy.html">
<b>6.3.5.</b>
Envoy
</a>
<ul class="articles">
<li class="chapter " data-level="6.3.5.1" data-path="../usecases/envoy-terminology.html">
<a href="../usecases/envoy-terminology.html">
<b>6.3.5.1.</b>
Envoy 的架构与基本术语
</a>
</li>
<li class="chapter " data-level="6.3.5.2" data-path="../usecases/envoy-front-proxy.html">
<a href="../usecases/envoy-front-proxy.html">
<b>6.3.5.2.</b>
Envoy 作为前端代理
</a>
</li>
<li class="chapter " data-level="6.3.5.3" data-path="../usecases/envoy-mesh-in-kubernetes-tutorial.html">
<a href="../usecases/envoy-mesh-in-kubernetes-tutorial.html">
<b>6.3.5.3.</b>
Envoy mesh 教程
</a>
</li>
</ul>
</li>
<li class="chapter " data-level="6.3.6" data-path="../usecases/mosn.html">
<a href="../usecases/mosn.html">
<b>6.3.6.</b>
MOSN
</a>
</li>
</ul>
</li>
<li class="chapter " data-level="6.4" data-path="../usecases/big-data.html">
<a href="../usecases/big-data.html">
<b>6.4.</b>
大数据
</a>
<ul class="articles">
<li class="chapter " data-level="6.4.1" data-path="../usecases/spark-standalone-on-kubernetes.html">
<a href="../usecases/spark-standalone-on-kubernetes.html">
<b>6.4.1.</b>
Spark standalone on Kubernetes
</a>
</li>
<li class="chapter " data-level="6.4.2" data-path="../usecases/running-spark-with-kubernetes-native-scheduler.html">
<a href="../usecases/running-spark-with-kubernetes-native-scheduler.html">
<b>6.4.2.</b>
运行支持 Kubernetes 原生调度的 Spark 程序
</a>
</li>
</ul>
</li>
<li class="chapter " data-level="6.5" data-path="../usecases/serverless.html">
<a href="../usecases/serverless.html">
<b>6.5.</b>
Serverless 架构
</a>
<ul class="articles">
<li class="chapter " data-level="6.5.1" data-path="../usecases/understanding-serverless.html">
<a href="../usecases/understanding-serverless.html">
<b>6.5.1.</b>
理解 Serverless
</a>
</li>
<li class="chapter " data-level="6.5.2" data-path="../usecases/faas.html">
<a href="../usecases/faas.html">
<b>6.5.2.</b>
FaaS函数即服务
</a>
<ul class="articles">
<li class="chapter " data-level="6.5.2.1" data-path="../usecases/openfaas-quick-start.html">
<a href="../usecases/openfaas-quick-start.html">
<b>6.5.2.1.</b>
OpenFaaS 快速入门指南
</a>
</li>
</ul>
</li>
<li class="chapter " data-level="6.5.3" data-path="../usecases/knative.html">
<a href="../usecases/knative.html">
<b>6.5.3.</b>
Knative
</a>
</li>
</ul>
</li>
<li class="chapter " data-level="6.6" data-path="../usecases/cloud-native-app-standard.html">
<a href="../usecases/cloud-native-app-standard.html">
<b>6.6.</b>
云原生应用标准
</a>
<ul class="articles">
<li class="chapter " data-level="6.6.1" data-path="../usecases/oam.html">
<a href="../usecases/oam.html">
<b>6.6.1.</b>
OAM开放应用模型
</a>
</li>
<li class="chapter " data-level="6.6.2" data-path="../usecases/crossplane.html">
<a href="../usecases/crossplane.html">
<b>6.6.2.</b>
Crossplane
</a>
</li>
</ul>
</li>
<li class="chapter " data-level="6.7" data-path="../usecases/edge-computing.html">
<a href="../usecases/edge-computing.html">
<b>6.7.</b>
边缘计算
</a>
</li>
<li class="chapter " data-level="6.8" data-path="../usecases/ai.html">
<a href="../usecases/ai.html">
<b>6.8.</b>
人工智能
</a>
</li>
<li class="header">开发指南</li>
<li class="chapter " data-level="7.1" data-path="../develop/">
<a href="../develop/">
<b>7.1.</b>
开发指南概览
</a>
</li>
<li class="chapter " data-level="7.2" data-path="../develop/sigs-and-working-group.html">
<a href="../develop/sigs-and-working-group.html">
<b>7.2.</b>
SIG 和工作组
</a>
</li>
<li class="chapter " data-level="7.3" data-path="../develop/developing-environment.html">
<a href="../develop/developing-environment.html">
<b>7.3.</b>
开发环境搭建
</a>
<ul class="articles">
<li class="chapter " data-level="7.3.1" data-path="../develop/using-vagrant-and-virtualbox-for-development.html">
<a href="../develop/using-vagrant-and-virtualbox-for-development.html">
<b>7.3.1.</b>
本地分布式开发环境搭建(使用 Vagrant 和 Virtualbox
</a>
</li>
</ul>
</li>
<li class="chapter " data-level="7.4" data-path="../develop/testing.html">
<a href="../develop/testing.html">
<b>7.4.</b>
单元测试和集成测试
</a>
</li>
<li class="chapter " data-level="7.5" data-path="../develop/client-go-sample.html">
<a href="../develop/client-go-sample.html">
<b>7.5.</b>
client-go 示例
</a>
</li>
<li class="chapter " data-level="7.6" data-path="../develop/operator.html">
<a href="../develop/operator.html">
<b>7.6.</b>
Operator
</a>
<ul class="articles">
<li class="chapter " data-level="7.6.1" data-path="../develop/operator-sdk.html">
<a href="../develop/operator-sdk.html">
<b>7.6.1.</b>
operator-sdk
</a>
</li>
</ul>
</li>
<li class="chapter " data-level="7.7" data-path="../develop/kubebuilder.html">
<a href="../develop/kubebuilder.html">
<b>7.7.</b>
kubebuilder
</a>
<ul class="articles">
<li class="chapter " data-level="7.7.1" data-path="../develop/kubebuilder-example.html">
<a href="../develop/kubebuilder-example.html">
<b>7.7.1.</b>
使用 kubebuilder 创建 operator 示例
</a>
</li>
</ul>
</li>
<li class="chapter " data-level="7.8" data-path="../develop/advance-developer.html">
<a href="../develop/advance-developer.html">
<b>7.8.</b>
高级开发指南
</a>
</li>
<li class="chapter " data-level="7.9" data-path="../develop/contribute.html">
<a href="../develop/contribute.html">
<b>7.9.</b>
社区贡献
</a>
</li>
<li class="chapter " data-level="7.10" data-path="../develop/minikube.html">
<a href="../develop/minikube.html">
<b>7.10.</b>
Minikube
</a>
</li>
<li class="header">CNCF云原生计算基金会</li>
<li class="chapter " data-level="8.1" data-path="../cloud-native/cncf.html">
<a href="../cloud-native/cncf.html">
<b>8.1.</b>
CNCF - 云原生计算基金会简介
</a>
</li>
<li class="chapter " data-level="8.2" data-path="../cloud-native/cncf-charter.html">
<a href="../cloud-native/cncf-charter.html">
<b>8.2.</b>
CNCF 章程
</a>
</li>
<li class="chapter " data-level="8.3" data-path="../cloud-native/cncf-sig.html">
<a href="../cloud-native/cncf-sig.html">
<b>8.3.</b>
CNCF 特别兴趣小组SIG说明
</a>
</li>
<li class="chapter " data-level="8.4" data-path="../cloud-native/cncf-sandbox-criteria.html">
<a href="../cloud-native/cncf-sandbox-criteria.html">
<b>8.4.</b>
开源项目加入 CNCF Sandbox 的要求
</a>
</li>
<li class="chapter " data-level="8.5" data-path="../cloud-native/cncf-project-governing.html">
<a href="../cloud-native/cncf-project-governing.html">
<b>8.5.</b>
CNCF 中的项目治理
</a>
</li>
<li class="chapter " data-level="8.6" data-path="../cloud-native/cncf-ambassador.html">
<a href="../cloud-native/cncf-ambassador.html">
<b>8.6.</b>
CNCF Ambassador
</a>
</li>
<li class="header">附录</li>
<li class="chapter " data-level="9.1" data-path="../appendix/">
<a href="../appendix/">
<b>9.1.</b>
附录说明
</a>
</li>
<li class="chapter " data-level="9.2" data-path="../appendix/debug-kubernetes-services.html">
<a href="../appendix/debug-kubernetes-services.html">
<b>9.2.</b>
Kubernetes 中的应用故障排查
</a>
</li>
<li class="chapter " data-level="9.3" data-path="../appendix/material-share.html">
<a href="../appendix/material-share.html">
<b>9.3.</b>
Kubernetes 相关资讯和情报链接
</a>
</li>
<li class="chapter " data-level="9.4" data-path="../appendix/docker-best-practice.html">
<a href="../appendix/docker-best-practice.html">
<b>9.4.</b>
Docker 最佳实践
</a>
</li>
<li class="chapter " data-level="9.5" data-path="../appendix/tricks.html">
<a href="../appendix/tricks.html">
<b>9.5.</b>
使用技巧
</a>
</li>
<li class="chapter " data-level="9.6" data-path="../appendix/issues.html">
<a href="../appendix/issues.html">
<b>9.6.</b>
问题记录
</a>
</li>
<li class="chapter " data-level="9.7" data-path="../appendix/kubernetes-changelog.html">
<a href="../appendix/kubernetes-changelog.html">
<b>9.7.</b>
Kubernetes 版本更新日志
</a>
<ul class="articles">
<li class="chapter " data-level="9.7.1" data-path="../appendix/kubernetes-1.7-changelog.html">
<a href="../appendix/kubernetes-1.7-changelog.html">
<b>9.7.1.</b>
Kubernetes1.7 更新日志
</a>
</li>
<li class="chapter " data-level="9.7.2" data-path="../appendix/kubernetes-1.8-changelog.html">
<a href="../appendix/kubernetes-1.8-changelog.html">
<b>9.7.2.</b>
Kubernetes1.8 更新日志
</a>
</li>
<li class="chapter " data-level="9.7.3" data-path="../appendix/kubernetes-1.9-changelog.html">
<a href="../appendix/kubernetes-1.9-changelog.html">
<b>9.7.3.</b>
Kubernetes1.9 更新日志
</a>
</li>
<li class="chapter " data-level="9.7.4" data-path="../appendix/kubernetes-1.10-changelog.html">
<a href="../appendix/kubernetes-1.10-changelog.html">
<b>9.7.4.</b>
Kubernetes1.10 更新日志
</a>
</li>
<li class="chapter " data-level="9.7.5" data-path="../appendix/kubernetes-1.11-changelog.html">
<a href="../appendix/kubernetes-1.11-changelog.html">
<b>9.7.5.</b>
Kubernetes1.11 更新日志
</a>
</li>
<li class="chapter " data-level="9.7.6" data-path="../appendix/kubernetes-1.12-changelog.html">
<a href="../appendix/kubernetes-1.12-changelog.html">
<b>9.7.6.</b>
Kubernetes1.12 更新日志
</a>
</li>
<li class="chapter " data-level="9.7.7" data-path="../appendix/kubernetes-1.13-changelog.html">
<a href="../appendix/kubernetes-1.13-changelog.html">
<b>9.7.7.</b>
Kubernetes1.13 更新日志
</a>
</li>
<li class="chapter " data-level="9.7.8" data-path="../appendix/kubernetes-1.14-changelog.html">
<a href="../appendix/kubernetes-1.14-changelog.html">
<b>9.7.8.</b>
Kubernetes1.14 更新日志
</a>
</li>
<li class="chapter " data-level="9.7.9" data-path="../appendix/kubernetes-1.15-changelog.html">
<a href="../appendix/kubernetes-1.15-changelog.html">
<b>9.7.9.</b>
Kubernetes1.15 更新日志
</a>
</li>
</ul>
</li>
<li class="chapter " data-level="9.8" data-path="../appendix/summary-and-outlook.html">
<a href="../appendix/summary-and-outlook.html">
<b>9.8.</b>
Kubernetes 及云原生年度总结及展望
</a>
<ul class="articles">
<li class="chapter " data-level="9.8.1" data-path="../appendix/kubernetes-and-cloud-native-summary-in-2017-and-outlook-for-2018.html">
<a href="../appendix/kubernetes-and-cloud-native-summary-in-2017-and-outlook-for-2018.html">
<b>9.8.1.</b>
Kubernetes 与云原生 2017 年年终总结及 2018 年展望
</a>
</li>
<li class="chapter " data-level="9.8.2" data-path="../appendix/kubernetes-and-cloud-native-summary-in-2018-and-outlook-for-2019.html">
<a href="../appendix/kubernetes-and-cloud-native-summary-in-2018-and-outlook-for-2019.html">
<b>9.8.2.</b>
Kubernetes 与云原生 2018 年年终总结及 2019 年展望
</a>
</li>
</ul>
</li>
<li class="chapter " data-level="9.9" data-path="../appendix/cncf-annual-report.html">
<a href="../appendix/cncf-annual-report.html">
<b>9.9.</b>
CNCF 年度报告解读
</a>
<ul class="articles">
<li class="chapter " data-level="9.9.1" data-path="../appendix/cncf-annual-report-2018.html">
<a href="../appendix/cncf-annual-report-2018.html">
<b>9.9.1.</b>
CNCF 2018 年年度报告解读
</a>
</li>
</ul>
</li>
<li class="chapter " data-level="9.10" data-path="../appendix/about-kcsp.html">
<a href="../appendix/about-kcsp.html">
<b>9.10.</b>
Kubernetes 认证服务提供商KCSP说明
</a>
</li>
<li class="chapter " data-level="9.11" data-path="../appendix/about-cka-candidate.html">
<a href="../appendix/about-cka-candidate.html">
<b>9.11.</b>
认证 Kubernetes 管理员CKA说明
</a>
</li>
<li class="divider"></li>
<li>
<a href="https://www.gitbook.com" target="blank" class="gitbook-link">
本书使用 GitBook 发布
</a>
</li>
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<h1>
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<a href=".." >管理容器的计算资源</a>
</h1>
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<div class="page-wrapper" tabindex="-1" role="main">
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<h1 id="&#x7BA1;&#x7406;&#x5BB9;&#x5668;&#x7684;&#x8BA1;&#x7B97;&#x8D44;&#x6E90;">&#x7BA1;&#x7406;&#x5BB9;&#x5668;&#x7684;&#x8BA1;&#x7B97;&#x8D44;&#x6E90;</h1>
<p>&#x5F53;&#x60A8;&#x5B9A;&#x4E49; <a href="http://kubernetes.io/docs/user-guide/pods" target="_blank">Pod</a> &#x7684;&#x65F6;&#x5019;&#x53EF;&#x4EE5;&#x9009;&#x62E9;&#x4E3A;&#x6BCF;&#x4E2A;&#x5BB9;&#x5668;&#x6307;&#x5B9A;&#x9700;&#x8981;&#x7684; CPU &#x548C;&#x5185;&#x5B58;&#xFF08;RAM&#xFF09;&#x5927;&#x5C0F;&#x3002;&#x5F53;&#x4E3A;&#x5BB9;&#x5668;&#x6307;&#x5B9A;&#x4E86;&#x8D44;&#x6E90;&#x8BF7;&#x6C42;&#x540E;&#xFF0C;&#x8C03;&#x5EA6;&#x5668;&#x5C31;&#x80FD;&#x591F;&#x66F4;&#x597D;&#x7684;&#x5224;&#x65AD;&#x51FA;&#x5C06;&#x5BB9;&#x5668;&#x8C03;&#x5EA6;&#x5230;&#x54EA;&#x4E2A;&#x8282;&#x70B9;&#x4E0A;&#x3002;&#x5982;&#x679C;&#x60A8;&#x8FD8;&#x4E3A;&#x5BB9;&#x5668;&#x6307;&#x5B9A;&#x4E86;&#x8D44;&#x6E90;&#x9650;&#x5236;&#xFF0C;&#x8282;&#x70B9;&#x4E0A;&#x7684;&#x8D44;&#x6E90;&#x5C31;&#x53EF;&#x4EE5;&#x6309;&#x7167;&#x6307;&#x5B9A;&#x7684;&#x65B9;&#x5F0F;&#x505A;&#x7ADE;&#x4E89;&#x3002;</p>
<h2 id="&#x8D44;&#x6E90;&#x7C7B;&#x578B;">&#x8D44;&#x6E90;&#x7C7B;&#x578B;</h2>
<p><em>CPU</em> &#x548C; <em>memory</em> &#x90FD;&#x662F; <em>&#x8D44;&#x6E90;&#x7C7B;&#x578B;</em>&#x3002;&#x8D44;&#x6E90;&#x7C7B;&#x578B;&#x5177;&#x6709;&#x57FA;&#x672C;&#x5355;&#x4F4D;&#x3002;CPU &#x7684;&#x5355;&#x4F4D;&#x662F; core&#xFF0C;memory &#x7684;&#x5355;&#x4F4D;&#x662F; byte&#x3002;</p>
<p>CPU&#x548C;&#x5185;&#x5B58;&#x7EDF;&#x79F0;&#x4E3A;<em>&#x8BA1;&#x7B97;&#x8D44;&#x6E90;</em>&#xFF0C;&#x4E5F;&#x53EF;&#x4EE5;&#x79F0;&#x4E3A;<em>&#x8D44;&#x6E90;</em>&#x3002;&#x8BA1;&#x7B97;&#x8D44;&#x6E90;&#x7684;&#x6570;&#x91CF;&#x662F;&#x53EF;&#x4EE5;&#x88AB;&#x8BF7;&#x6C42;&#x3001;&#x5206;&#x914D;&#x548C;&#x6D88;&#x8017;&#x7684;&#x53EF;&#x6D4B;&#x91CF;&#x7684;&#x3002;&#x5B83;&#x4EEC;&#x4E0E; <a href="https://kubernetes.io/docs/api/" target="_blank">API &#x8D44;&#x6E90;</a> &#x4E0D;&#x540C;&#x3002; API &#x8D44;&#x6E90;&#xFF08;&#x5982; Pod &#x548C; <a href="https://kubernetes.io/docs/user-guide/services" target="_blank">Service</a>&#xFF09;&#x662F;&#x53EF;&#x901A;&#x8FC7; Kubernetes API server &#x8BFB;&#x53D6;&#x548C;&#x4FEE;&#x6539;&#x7684;&#x5BF9;&#x8C61;&#x3002;</p>
<h2 id="pod-&#x548C;-&#x5BB9;&#x5668;&#x7684;&#x8D44;&#x6E90;&#x8BF7;&#x6C42;&#x548C;&#x9650;&#x5236;">Pod &#x548C; &#x5BB9;&#x5668;&#x7684;&#x8D44;&#x6E90;&#x8BF7;&#x6C42;&#x548C;&#x9650;&#x5236;</h2>
<p>Pod &#x4E2D;&#x7684;&#x6BCF;&#x4E2A;&#x5BB9;&#x5668;&#x90FD;&#x53EF;&#x4EE5;&#x6307;&#x5B9A;&#x4EE5;&#x4E0B;&#x7684;&#x4E00;&#x4E2A;&#x6216;&#x8005;&#x591A;&#x4E2A;&#x503C;&#xFF1A;</p>
<ul>
<li><code>spec.containers[].resources.limits.cpu</code></li>
<li><code>spec.containers[].resources.limits.memory</code></li>
<li><code>spec.containers[].resources.requests.cpu</code></li>
<li><code>spec.containers[].resources.requests.memory</code></li>
</ul>
<p>&#x5C3D;&#x7BA1;&#x53EA;&#x80FD;&#x5728;&#x4E2A;&#x522B;&#x5BB9;&#x5668;&#x4E0A;&#x6307;&#x5B9A;&#x8BF7;&#x6C42;&#x548C;&#x9650;&#x5236;&#xFF0C;&#x4F46;&#x662F;&#x6211;&#x4EEC;&#x53EF;&#x4EE5;&#x65B9;&#x4FBF;&#x5730;&#x8BA1;&#x7B97;&#x51FA; Pod &#x8D44;&#x6E90;&#x8BF7;&#x6C42;&#x548C;&#x9650;&#x5236;&#x3002;&#x7279;&#x5B9A;&#x8D44;&#x6E90;&#x7C7B;&#x578B;&#x7684;Pod &#x8D44;&#x6E90;&#x8BF7;&#x6C42;/&#x9650;&#x5236;&#x662F; Pod &#x4E2D;&#x6BCF;&#x4E2A;&#x5BB9;&#x5668;&#x7684;&#x8BE5;&#x7C7B;&#x578B;&#x7684;&#x8D44;&#x6E90;&#x8BF7;&#x6C42;/&#x9650;&#x5236;&#x7684;&#x603B;&#x548C;&#x3002;</p>
<h2 id="cpu-&#x7684;&#x542B;&#x4E49;">CPU &#x7684;&#x542B;&#x4E49;</h2>
<p>CPU &#x8D44;&#x6E90;&#x7684;&#x9650;&#x5236;&#x548C;&#x8BF7;&#x6C42;&#x4EE5; <em>cpu</em> &#x4E3A;&#x5355;&#x4F4D;&#x3002;</p>
<p>Kubernetes &#x4E2D;&#x7684;&#x4E00;&#x4E2A; cpu &#x7B49;&#x4E8E;&#xFF1A;</p>
<ul>
<li>1 AWS vCPU</li>
<li>1 GCP Core</li>
<li>1 Azure vCore</li>
<li>1 <em>Hyperthread</em> &#x5728;&#x5E26;&#x6709;&#x8D85;&#x7EBF;&#x7A0B;&#x7684;&#x88F8;&#x673A; Intel &#x5904;&#x7406;&#x5668;&#x4E0A;</li>
</ul>
<p>&#x5141;&#x8BB8;&#x6D6E;&#x70B9;&#x6570;&#x8BF7;&#x6C42;&#x3002;&#x5177;&#x6709; <code>spec.containers[].resources.requests.cpu</code> &#x4E3A; 0.5 &#x7684;&#x5BB9;&#x5668;&#x4FDD;&#x8BC1;&#x4E86;&#x4E00;&#x534A; CPU &#x8981;&#x6C42; 1 CPU&#x7684;&#x4E00;&#x534A;&#x3002;&#x8868;&#x8FBE;&#x5F0F; <code>0.1</code> &#x7B49;&#x4EF7;&#x4E8E;&#x8868;&#x8FBE;&#x5F0F; <code>100m</code>&#xFF0C;&#x53EF;&#x4EE5;&#x770B;&#x4F5C; &#x201C;100 millicpu&#x201D;&#x3002;&#x6709;&#x4E9B;&#x4EBA;&#x8BF4;&#x6210;&#x662F;&#x201C;&#x4E00;&#x767E;&#x6BEB; cpu&#x201D;&#xFF0C;&#x5176;&#x5B9E;&#x8BF4;&#x7684;&#x662F;&#x540C;&#x6837;&#x7684;&#x4E8B;&#x60C5;&#x3002;&#x5177;&#x6709;&#x5C0F;&#x6570;&#x70B9;&#xFF08;&#x5982; <code>0.1</code>&#xFF09;&#x7684;&#x8BF7;&#x6C42;&#x7531; API &#x8F6C;&#x6362;&#x4E3A;<code>100m</code>&#xFF0C;&#x7CBE;&#x5EA6;&#x4E0D;&#x8D85;&#x8FC7; <code>1m</code>&#x3002;&#x56E0;&#x6B64;&#xFF0C;&#x53EF;&#x80FD;&#x4F1A;&#x4F18;&#x5148;&#x9009;&#x62E9; <code>100m</code> &#x7684;&#x5F62;&#x5F0F;&#x3002;</p>
<p>CPU &#x603B;&#x662F;&#x8981;&#x7528;&#x7EDD;&#x5BF9;&#x6570;&#x91CF;&#xFF0C;&#x4E0D;&#x53EF;&#x4EE5;&#x4F7F;&#x7528;&#x76F8;&#x5BF9;&#x6570;&#x91CF;&#xFF1B;0.1 &#x7684; CPU &#x5728;&#x5355;&#x6838;&#x3001;&#x53CC;&#x6838;&#x3001;48&#x6838;&#x7684;&#x673A;&#x5668;&#x4E2D;&#x7684;&#x610F;&#x4E49;&#x662F;&#x4E00;&#x6837;&#x7684;&#x3002;</p>
<h2 id="&#x5185;&#x5B58;&#x7684;&#x542B;&#x4E49;">&#x5185;&#x5B58;&#x7684;&#x542B;&#x4E49;</h2>
<p>&#x5185;&#x5B58;&#x7684;&#x9650;&#x5236;&#x548C;&#x8BF7;&#x6C42;&#x4EE5;&#x5B57;&#x8282;&#x4E3A;&#x5355;&#x4F4D;&#x3002;&#x60A8;&#x53EF;&#x4EE5;&#x4F7F;&#x7528;&#x4EE5;&#x4E0B;&#x540E;&#x7F00;&#x4E4B;&#x4E00;&#x4F5C;&#x4E3A;&#x5E73;&#x5747;&#x6574;&#x6570;&#x6216;&#x5B9A;&#x70B9;&#x6574;&#x6570;&#x8868;&#x793A;&#x5185;&#x5B58;&#xFF1A;E&#xFF0C;P&#xFF0C;T&#xFF0C;G&#xFF0C;M&#xFF0C;K&#x3002;&#x60A8;&#x8FD8;&#x53EF;&#x4EE5;&#x4F7F;&#x7528;&#x4E24;&#x4E2A;&#x5B57;&#x6BCD;&#x7684;&#x7B49;&#x6548;&#x7684;&#x5E42;&#x6570;&#xFF1A;Ei&#xFF0C;Pi&#xFF0C;Ti &#xFF0C;Gi&#xFF0C;Mi&#xFF0C;Ki&#x3002;&#x4F8B;&#x5982;&#xFF0C;&#x4EE5;&#x4E0B;&#x4EE3;&#x8868;&#x5927;&#x81F4;&#x76F8;&#x540C;&#x7684;&#x503C;&#xFF1A;</p>
<pre class="language-"><code class="lang-bash"><span class="token number">128974848</span>, 129e6, 129M, 123Mi
</code></pre>
<p>&#x4E0B;&#x9762;&#x662F;&#x4E2A;&#x4F8B;&#x5B50;&#x3002;</p>
<p>&#x4EE5;&#x4E0B; Pod &#x6709;&#x4E24;&#x4E2A;&#x5BB9;&#x5668;&#x3002;&#x6BCF;&#x4E2A;&#x5BB9;&#x5668;&#x7684;&#x8BF7;&#x6C42;&#x4E3A; 0.25 cpu &#x548C; 64MiB&#xFF08;2<sup>26</sup> &#x5B57;&#x8282;&#xFF09;&#x5185;&#x5B58;&#xFF0C;&#x6BCF;&#x4E2A;&#x5BB9;&#x5668;&#x7684;&#x9650;&#x5236;&#x4E3A; 0.5 cpu &#x548C; 128MiB &#x5185;&#x5B58;&#x3002;&#x60A8;&#x53EF;&#x4EE5;&#x8BF4;&#x8BE5; Pod &#x8BF7;&#x6C42; 0.5 cpu &#x548C; 128 MiB &#x7684;&#x5185;&#x5B58;&#xFF0C;&#x9650;&#x5236;&#x4E3A; 1 cpu &#x548C; 256MiB &#x7684;&#x5185;&#x5B58;&#x3002;</p>
<pre class="language-"><code class="lang-yaml"><span class="token key atrule">apiVersion</span><span class="token punctuation">:</span> v1
<span class="token key atrule">kind</span><span class="token punctuation">:</span> Pod
<span class="token key atrule">metadata</span><span class="token punctuation">:</span>
<span class="token key atrule">name</span><span class="token punctuation">:</span> frontend
<span class="token key atrule">spec</span><span class="token punctuation">:</span>
<span class="token key atrule">containers</span><span class="token punctuation">:</span>
<span class="token punctuation">-</span> <span class="token key atrule">name</span><span class="token punctuation">:</span> db
<span class="token key atrule">image</span><span class="token punctuation">:</span> mysql
<span class="token key atrule">resources</span><span class="token punctuation">:</span>
<span class="token key atrule">requests</span><span class="token punctuation">:</span>
<span class="token key atrule">memory</span><span class="token punctuation">:</span> <span class="token string">&quot;64Mi&quot;</span>
<span class="token key atrule">cpu</span><span class="token punctuation">:</span> <span class="token string">&quot;250m&quot;</span>
<span class="token key atrule">limits</span><span class="token punctuation">:</span>
<span class="token key atrule">memory</span><span class="token punctuation">:</span> <span class="token string">&quot;128Mi&quot;</span>
<span class="token key atrule">cpu</span><span class="token punctuation">:</span> <span class="token string">&quot;500m&quot;</span>
<span class="token punctuation">-</span> <span class="token key atrule">name</span><span class="token punctuation">:</span> wp
<span class="token key atrule">image</span><span class="token punctuation">:</span> wordpress
<span class="token key atrule">resources</span><span class="token punctuation">:</span>
<span class="token key atrule">requests</span><span class="token punctuation">:</span>
<span class="token key atrule">memory</span><span class="token punctuation">:</span> <span class="token string">&quot;64Mi&quot;</span>
<span class="token key atrule">cpu</span><span class="token punctuation">:</span> <span class="token string">&quot;250m&quot;</span>
<span class="token key atrule">limits</span><span class="token punctuation">:</span>
<span class="token key atrule">memory</span><span class="token punctuation">:</span> <span class="token string">&quot;128Mi&quot;</span>
<span class="token key atrule">cpu</span><span class="token punctuation">:</span> <span class="token string">&quot;500m&quot;</span>
</code></pre>
<h2 id="&#x5177;&#x6709;&#x8D44;&#x6E90;&#x8BF7;&#x6C42;&#x7684;-pod-&#x5982;&#x4F55;&#x8C03;&#x5EA6;">&#x5177;&#x6709;&#x8D44;&#x6E90;&#x8BF7;&#x6C42;&#x7684; Pod &#x5982;&#x4F55;&#x8C03;&#x5EA6;</h2>
<p>&#x5F53;&#x60A8;&#x521B;&#x5EFA;&#x4E00;&#x4E2A; Pod &#x65F6;&#xFF0C;Kubernetes &#x8C03;&#x5EA6;&#x7A0B;&#x5E8F;&#x5C06;&#x4E3A; Pod &#x9009;&#x62E9;&#x4E00;&#x4E2A;&#x8282;&#x70B9;&#x3002;&#x6BCF;&#x4E2A;&#x8282;&#x70B9;&#x5177;&#x6709;&#x6BCF;&#x79CD;&#x8D44;&#x6E90;&#x7C7B;&#x578B;&#x7684;&#x6700;&#x5927;&#x5BB9;&#x91CF;&#xFF1A;&#x53EF;&#x4E3A; Pod &#x63D0;&#x4F9B;&#x7684; CPU &#x548C;&#x5185;&#x5B58;&#x91CF;&#x3002;&#x8C03;&#x5EA6;&#x7A0B;&#x5E8F;&#x786E;&#x4FDD;&#x5BF9;&#x4E8E;&#x6BCF;&#x79CD;&#x8D44;&#x6E90;&#x7C7B;&#x578B;&#xFF0C;&#x8C03;&#x5EA6;&#x7684;&#x5BB9;&#x5668;&#x7684;&#x8D44;&#x6E90;&#x8BF7;&#x6C42;&#x7684;&#x603B;&#x548C;&#x5C0F;&#x4E8E;&#x8282;&#x70B9;&#x7684;&#x5BB9;&#x91CF;&#x3002;&#x8BF7;&#x6CE8;&#x610F;&#xFF0C;&#x5C3D;&#x7BA1;&#x8282;&#x70B9;&#x4E0A;&#x7684;&#x5B9E;&#x9645;&#x5185;&#x5B58;&#x6216; CPU &#x8D44;&#x6E90;&#x4F7F;&#x7528;&#x91CF;&#x975E;&#x5E38;&#x4F4E;&#xFF0C;&#x4F46;&#x5982;&#x679C;&#x5BB9;&#x91CF;&#x68C0;&#x67E5;&#x5931;&#x8D25;&#xFF0C;&#x5219;&#x8C03;&#x5EA6;&#x7A0B;&#x5E8F;&#x4ECD;&#x7136;&#x62D2;&#x7EDD;&#x5728;&#x8BE5;&#x8282;&#x70B9;&#x4E0A;&#x653E;&#x7F6E; Pod&#x3002;&#x5F53;&#x8D44;&#x6E90;&#x4F7F;&#x7528;&#x91CF;&#x7A0D;&#x540E;&#x589E;&#x52A0;&#x65F6;&#xFF0C;&#x4F8B;&#x5982;&#x5728;&#x8BF7;&#x6C42;&#x7387;&#x7684;&#x6BCF;&#x65E5;&#x5CF0;&#x503C;&#x671F;&#x95F4;&#xFF0C;&#x8FD9;&#x53EF;&#x4EE5;&#x9632;&#x6B62;&#x8282;&#x70B9;&#x4E0A;&#x7684;&#x8D44;&#x6E90;&#x77ED;&#x7F3A;&#x3002;</p>
<h2 id="&#x5177;&#x6709;&#x8D44;&#x6E90;&#x9650;&#x5236;&#x7684;-pod-&#x5982;&#x4F55;&#x8FD0;&#x884C;">&#x5177;&#x6709;&#x8D44;&#x6E90;&#x9650;&#x5236;&#x7684; Pod &#x5982;&#x4F55;&#x8FD0;&#x884C;</h2>
<p>&#x5F53; kubelet &#x542F;&#x52A8;&#x4E00;&#x4E2A; Pod &#x7684;&#x5BB9;&#x5668;&#x65F6;&#xFF0C;&#x5B83;&#x4F1A;&#x5C06; CPU &#x548C;&#x5185;&#x5B58;&#x9650;&#x5236;&#x4F20;&#x9012;&#x5230;&#x5BB9;&#x5668;&#x8FD0;&#x884C;&#x65F6;&#x3002;</p>
<p>&#x5F53;&#x4F7F;&#x7528; Docker &#x65F6;&#xFF1A;</p>
<ul>
<li><code>spec.containers[].resources.requests.cpu</code> &#x7684;&#x503C;&#x5C06;&#x8F6C;&#x6362;&#x6210; millicore &#x503C;&#xFF0C;&#x8FD9;&#x662F;&#x4E2A;&#x6D6E;&#x70B9;&#x6570;&#xFF0C;&#x5E76;&#x4E58;&#x4EE5;1024&#xFF0C;&#x8FD9;&#x4E2A;&#x6570;&#x5B57;&#x4E2D;&#x7684;&#x8F83;&#x5927;&#x8005;&#x6216;2&#x7528;&#x4F5C; <code>docker run</code> &#x547D;&#x4EE4;&#x4E2D;&#x7684;<a href="https://docs.docker.com/engine/reference/run/#/cpu-share-constraint" target="_blank"> <code>--cpu-shares</code></a> &#x6807;&#x5FD7;&#x7684;&#x503C;&#x3002;</li>
<li><code>spec.containers[].resources.limits.cpu</code> &#x88AB;&#x8F6C;&#x6362;&#x6210; millicore &#x503C;&#x3002;&#x88AB;&#x4E58;&#x4EE5; 100000 &#x7136;&#x540E; &#x9664;&#x4EE5; 1000&#x3002;&#x8FD9;&#x4E2A;&#x6570;&#x5B57;&#x7528;&#x4F5C; <code>docker run</code> &#x547D;&#x4EE4;&#x4E2D;&#x7684; <a href="https://docs.docker.com/engine/reference/run/#/cpu-quota-constraint" target="_blank"><code>--cpu-quota</code></a> &#x6807;&#x5FD7;&#x7684;&#x503C;&#x3002;[<code>--cpu-quota</code> ] &#x6807;&#x5FD7;&#x88AB;&#x8BBE;&#x7F6E;&#x6210;&#x4E86; 100000&#xFF0C;&#x8868;&#x793A;&#x6D4B;&#x91CF;&#x914D;&#x989D;&#x4F7F;&#x7528;&#x7684;&#x9ED8;&#x8BA4;100ms &#x5468;&#x671F;&#x3002;&#x5982;&#x679C; [<code>--cpu-cfs-quota</code>] &#x6807;&#x5FD7;&#x8BBE;&#x7F6E;&#x4E3A; true&#xFF0C;&#x5219; kubelet &#x4F1A;&#x5F3A;&#x5236;&#x6267;&#x884C; cpu &#x9650;&#x5236;&#x3002;&#x4ECE; Kubernetes 1.2 &#x7248;&#x672C;&#x8D77;&#xFF0C;&#x6B64;&#x6807;&#x5FD7;&#x9ED8;&#x8BA4;&#x4E3A; true&#x3002;</li>
<li><code>spec.containers[].resources.limits.memory</code> &#x88AB;&#x8F6C;&#x6362;&#x4E3A;&#x6574;&#x578B;&#xFF0C;&#x4F5C;&#x4E3A; <code>docker run</code> &#x547D;&#x4EE4;&#x4E2D;&#x7684; <a href="https://docs.docker.com/engine/reference/run/#/user-memory-constraints" target="_blank"><code>--memory</code></a> &#x6807;&#x5FD7;&#x7684;&#x503C;&#x3002;</li>
</ul>
<p>&#x5982;&#x679C;&#x5BB9;&#x5668;&#x8D85;&#x8FC7;&#x5176;&#x5185;&#x5B58;&#x9650;&#x5236;&#xFF0C;&#x5219;&#x53EF;&#x80FD;&#x4F1A;&#x88AB;&#x7EC8;&#x6B62;&#x3002;&#x5982;&#x679C;&#x53EF;&#x91CD;&#x65B0;&#x542F;&#x52A8;&#xFF0C;&#x5219;&#x4E0E;&#x6240;&#x6709;&#x5176;&#x4ED6;&#x7C7B;&#x578B;&#x7684;&#x8FD0;&#x884C;&#x65F6;&#x6545;&#x969C;&#x4E00;&#x6837;&#xFF0C;kubelet &#x5C06;&#x91CD;&#x65B0;&#x542F;&#x52A8;&#x5B83;&#x3002;</p>
<p>&#x5982;&#x679C;&#x4E00;&#x4E2A;&#x5BB9;&#x5668;&#x8D85;&#x8FC7;&#x5176;&#x5185;&#x5B58;&#x8BF7;&#x6C42;&#xFF0C;&#x90A3;&#x4E48;&#x5F53;&#x8282;&#x70B9;&#x5185;&#x5B58;&#x4E0D;&#x8DB3;&#x65F6;&#xFF0C;&#x5B83;&#x7684; Pod &#x53EF;&#x80FD;&#x88AB;&#x9010;&#x51FA;&#x3002;</p>
<p>&#x5BB9;&#x5668;&#x53EF;&#x80FD;&#x88AB;&#x5141;&#x8BB8;&#x4E5F;&#x53EF;&#x80FD;&#x4E0D;&#x88AB;&#x5141;&#x8BB8;&#x8D85;&#x8FC7;&#x5176; CPU &#x9650;&#x5236;&#x65F6;&#x95F4;&#x3002;&#x4F46;&#x662F;&#xFF0C;&#x7531;&#x4E8E; CPU &#x4F7F;&#x7528;&#x7387;&#x8FC7;&#x9AD8;&#xFF0C;&#x4E0D;&#x4F1A;&#x88AB;&#x6740;&#x6B7B;&#x3002;</p>
<p>&#x8981;&#x786E;&#x5B9A;&#x5BB9;&#x5668;&#x662F;&#x5426;&#x7531;&#x4E8E;&#x8D44;&#x6E90;&#x9650;&#x5236;&#x800C;&#x65E0;&#x6CD5;&#x5B89;&#x6392;&#x6216;&#x88AB;&#x6740;&#x6B7B;&#xFF0C;&#x8BF7;&#x53C2;&#x9605;&#x7591;&#x96BE;&#x89E3;&#x7B54;]&#x90E8;&#x5206;&#x3002;</p>
<h2 id="&#x76D1;&#x63A7;&#x8BA1;&#x7B97;&#x8D44;&#x6E90;&#x4F7F;&#x7528;">&#x76D1;&#x63A7;&#x8BA1;&#x7B97;&#x8D44;&#x6E90;&#x4F7F;&#x7528;</h2>
<p>Pod &#x7684;&#x8D44;&#x6E90;&#x4F7F;&#x7528;&#x60C5;&#x51B5;&#x88AB;&#x62A5;&#x544A;&#x4E3A; Pod &#x72B6;&#x6001;&#x7684;&#x4E00;&#x90E8;&#x5206;&#x3002;</p>
<p>&#x5982;&#x679C;&#x4E3A;&#x96C6;&#x7FA4;&#x914D;&#x7F6E;&#x4E86;&#x53EF;&#x9009;&#x76D1;&#x63A7;&#xFF0C;&#x5219;&#x53EF;&#x4EE5;&#x4ECE;&#x76D1;&#x63A7;&#x7CFB;&#x7EDF;&#x68C0;&#x7D22; Pod &#x8D44;&#x6E90;&#x7684;&#x4F7F;&#x7528;&#x60C5;&#x51B5;&#x3002;</p>
<h2 id="&#x7591;&#x96BE;&#x89E3;&#x7B54;">&#x7591;&#x96BE;&#x89E3;&#x7B54;</h2>
<h3 id="&#x6211;&#x7684;-pod-&#x5904;&#x4E8E;-pending-&#x72B6;&#x6001;&#x4E14;&#x4E8B;&#x4EF6;&#x4FE1;&#x606F;&#x663E;&#x793A;-failedscheduling">&#x6211;&#x7684; Pod &#x5904;&#x4E8E; pending &#x72B6;&#x6001;&#x4E14;&#x4E8B;&#x4EF6;&#x4FE1;&#x606F;&#x663E;&#x793A; failedScheduling</h3>
<p>&#x5982;&#x679C;&#x8C03;&#x5EA6;&#x5668;&#x627E;&#x4E0D;&#x5230;&#x4EFB;&#x4F55;&#x8BE5; Pod &#x53EF;&#x4EE5;&#x5339;&#x914D;&#x7684;&#x8282;&#x70B9;&#xFF0C;&#x5219;&#x8BE5; Pod &#x5C06;&#x4FDD;&#x6301;&#x4E0D;&#x53EF;&#x8C03;&#x5EA6;&#x72B6;&#x6001;&#xFF0C;&#x76F4;&#x5230;&#x627E;&#x5230;&#x4E00;&#x4E2A;&#x53EF;&#x4EE5;&#x88AB;&#x8C03;&#x5EA6;&#x5230;&#x7684;&#x4F4D;&#x7F6E;&#x3002;&#x6BCF;&#x5F53;&#x8C03;&#x5EA6;&#x5668;&#x627E;&#x4E0D;&#x5230; Pod &#x53EF;&#x4EE5;&#x8C03;&#x5EA6;&#x7684;&#x5730;&#x65B9;&#x65F6;&#xFF0C;&#x4F1A;&#x4EA7;&#x751F;&#x4E00;&#x4E2A;&#x4E8B;&#x4EF6;&#xFF0C;&#x5982;&#x4E0B;&#x6240;&#x793A;&#xFF1A;</p>
<pre class="language-"><code class="lang-bash">$ kubectl describe pod frontend <span class="token operator">|</span> <span class="token function">grep</span> -A <span class="token number">3</span> Events
Events:
FirstSeen LastSeen Count From Subobject PathReason Message
36s 5s <span class="token number">6</span> <span class="token punctuation">{</span>scheduler <span class="token punctuation">}</span> FailedScheduling Failed <span class="token keyword">for</span> reason PodExceedsFreeCPU and possibly others
</code></pre>
<p>&#x5728;&#x4E0A;&#x8FF0;&#x793A;&#x4F8B;&#x4E2D;&#xFF0C;&#x7531;&#x4E8E;&#x8282;&#x70B9;&#x4E0A;&#x7684; CPU &#x8D44;&#x6E90;&#x4E0D;&#x8DB3;&#xFF0C;&#x540D;&#x4E3A; &#x201C;frontend&#x201D; &#x7684; Pod &#x5C06;&#x65E0;&#x6CD5;&#x8C03;&#x5EA6;&#x3002;&#x7531;&#x4E8E;&#x5185;&#x5B58;&#x4E0D;&#x8DB3;&#xFF08;PodExceedsFreeMemory&#xFF09;&#xFF0C;&#x7C7B;&#x4F3C;&#x7684;&#x9519;&#x8BEF;&#x6D88;&#x606F;&#x4E5F;&#x53EF;&#x80FD;&#x4F1A;&#x5BFC;&#x81F4;&#x5931;&#x8D25;&#x3002;&#x4E00;&#x822C;&#x6765;&#x8BF4;&#xFF0C;&#x5982;&#x679C;&#x6709;&#x8FD9;&#x79CD;&#x7C7B;&#x578B;&#x7684;&#x6D88;&#x606F;&#x800C;&#x5904;&#x4E8E; pending &#x72B6;&#x6001;&#xFF0C;&#x60A8;&#x53EF;&#x4EE5;&#x5C1D;&#x8BD5;&#x5982;&#x4E0B;&#x51E0;&#x4EF6;&#x4E8B;&#x60C5;&#xFF1A;</p>
<pre class="language-"><code class="lang-bash">$ kubectl describe nodes e2e-test-minion-group-4lw4
Name: e2e-test-minion-group-4lw4
<span class="token punctuation">[</span> <span class="token punctuation">..</span>. lines removed <span class="token keyword">for</span> clarity <span class="token punctuation">..</span>.<span class="token punctuation">]</span>
Capacity:
alpha.kubernetes.io/nvidia-gpu: <span class="token number">0</span>
cpu: <span class="token number">2</span>
memory: 7679792Ki
pods: <span class="token number">110</span>
Allocatable:
alpha.kubernetes.io/nvidia-gpu: <span class="token number">0</span>
cpu: 1800m
memory: 7474992Ki
pods: <span class="token number">110</span>
<span class="token punctuation">[</span> <span class="token punctuation">..</span>. lines removed <span class="token keyword">for</span> clarity <span class="token punctuation">..</span>.<span class="token punctuation">]</span>
Non-terminated Pods: <span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token number">5</span> <span class="token keyword">in</span> total<span class="token punctuation">)</span>
Namespace Name CPU Requests CPU Limits Memory Requests Memory Limits
--------- ---- ------------ ---------- --------------- -------------
kube-system fluentd-gcp-v1.38-28bv1 100m <span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token number">5</span>%<span class="token punctuation">)</span> <span class="token number">0</span> <span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token number">0</span>%<span class="token punctuation">)</span> 200Mi <span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token number">2</span>%<span class="token punctuation">)</span> 200Mi <span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token number">2</span>%<span class="token punctuation">)</span>
kube-system kube-dns-3297075139-61lj3 260m <span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token number">13</span>%<span class="token punctuation">)</span> <span class="token number">0</span> <span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token number">0</span>%<span class="token punctuation">)</span> 100Mi <span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token number">1</span>%<span class="token punctuation">)</span> 170Mi <span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token number">2</span>%<span class="token punctuation">)</span>
kube-system kube-proxy-e2e-test-<span class="token punctuation">..</span>. 100m <span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token number">5</span>%<span class="token punctuation">)</span> <span class="token number">0</span> <span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token number">0</span>%<span class="token punctuation">)</span> <span class="token number">0</span> <span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token number">0</span>%<span class="token punctuation">)</span> <span class="token number">0</span> <span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token number">0</span>%<span class="token punctuation">)</span>
kube-system monitoring-influxdb-grafana-v4-z1m12 200m <span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token number">10</span>%<span class="token punctuation">)</span> 200m <span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token number">10</span>%<span class="token punctuation">)</span> 600Mi <span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token number">8</span>%<span class="token punctuation">)</span> 600Mi <span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token number">8</span>%<span class="token punctuation">)</span>
kube-system node-problem-detector-v0.1-fj7m3 20m <span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token number">1</span>%<span class="token punctuation">)</span> 200m <span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token number">10</span>%<span class="token punctuation">)</span> 20Mi <span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token number">0</span>%<span class="token punctuation">)</span> 100Mi <span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token number">1</span>%<span class="token punctuation">)</span>
Allocated resources:
<span class="token punctuation">(</span>Total limits may be over <span class="token number">100</span> percent, i.e., overcommitted.<span class="token punctuation">)</span>
CPU Requests CPU Limits Memory Requests Memory Limits
------------ ---------- --------------- -------------
680m <span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token number">34</span>%<span class="token punctuation">)</span> 400m <span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token number">20</span>%<span class="token punctuation">)</span> 920Mi <span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token number">12</span>%<span class="token punctuation">)</span> 1070Mi <span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token number">14</span>%<span class="token punctuation">)</span>
</code></pre>
<h2 id="&#x6211;&#x7684;&#x5BB9;&#x5668;&#x88AB;&#x7EC8;&#x7ED3;&#x4E86;">&#x6211;&#x7684;&#x5BB9;&#x5668;&#x88AB;&#x7EC8;&#x7ED3;&#x4E86;</h2>
<p>&#x60A8;&#x7684;&#x5BB9;&#x5668;&#x53EF;&#x80FD;&#x56E0;&#x4E3A;&#x8D44;&#x6E90;&#x67AF;&#x7AED;&#x800C;&#x88AB;&#x7EC8;&#x7ED3;&#x4E86;&#x3002;&#x8981;&#x67E5;&#x770B;&#x5BB9;&#x5668;&#x662F;&#x5426;&#x56E0;&#x4E3A;&#x9047;&#x5230;&#x8D44;&#x6E90;&#x9650;&#x5236;&#x800C;&#x88AB;&#x6740;&#x6B7B;&#xFF0C;&#x8BF7;&#x5728;&#x76F8;&#x5173;&#x7684; Pod &#x4E0A;&#x8C03;&#x7528; <code>kubectl describe pod</code>&#xFF1A;</p>
<pre class="language-"><code class="lang-bash"><span class="token punctuation">[</span><span class="token number">12</span>:54:41<span class="token punctuation">]</span> $ kubectl describe pod simmemleak-hra99
Name: simmemleak-hra99
Namespace: default
Image<span class="token punctuation">(</span>s<span class="token punctuation">)</span>: saadali/simmemleak
Node: kubernetes-node-tf0f/10.240.216.66
Labels: <span class="token assign-left variable">name</span><span class="token operator">=</span>simmemleak
Status: Running
Reason:
Message:
IP: <span class="token number">10.244</span>.2.75
Replication Controllers: simmemleak <span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token number">1</span>/1 replicas created<span class="token punctuation">)</span>
Containers:
simmemleak:
Image: saadali/simmemleak
Limits:
cpu: 100m
memory: 50Mi
State: Running
Started: Tue, 07 Jul <span class="token number">2015</span> <span class="token number">12</span>:54:41 -0700
Last Termination State: Terminated
Exit Code: <span class="token number">1</span>
Started: Fri, 07 Jul <span class="token number">2015</span> <span class="token number">12</span>:54:30 -0700
Finished: Fri, 07 Jul <span class="token number">2015</span> <span class="token number">12</span>:54:33 -0700
Ready: False
Restart Count: <span class="token number">5</span>
Conditions:
Type Status
Ready False
Events:
FirstSeen LastSeen Count From SubobjectPath Reason Message
Tue, 07 Jul <span class="token number">2015</span> <span class="token number">12</span>:53:51 -0700 Tue, 07 Jul <span class="token number">2015</span> <span class="token number">12</span>:53:51 -0700 <span class="token number">1</span> <span class="token punctuation">{</span>scheduler <span class="token punctuation">}</span> scheduled Successfully assigned simmemleak-hra99 to kubernetes-node-tf0f
Tue, 07 Jul <span class="token number">2015</span> <span class="token number">12</span>:53:51 -0700 Tue, 07 Jul <span class="token number">2015</span> <span class="token number">12</span>:53:51 -0700 <span class="token number">1</span> <span class="token punctuation">{</span>kubelet kubernetes-node-tf0f<span class="token punctuation">}</span> implicitly required container POD pulled Pod container image <span class="token string">&quot;gcr.io/google_containers/pause:0.8.0&quot;</span> already present on machine
Tue, 07 Jul <span class="token number">2015</span> <span class="token number">12</span>:53:51 -0700 Tue, 07 Jul <span class="token number">2015</span> <span class="token number">12</span>:53:51 -0700 <span class="token number">1</span> <span class="token punctuation">{</span>kubelet kubernetes-node-tf0f<span class="token punctuation">}</span> implicitly required container POD created Created with docker <span class="token function">id</span> 6a41280f516d
Tue, 07 Jul <span class="token number">2015</span> <span class="token number">12</span>:53:51 -0700 Tue, 07 Jul <span class="token number">2015</span> <span class="token number">12</span>:53:51 -0700 <span class="token number">1</span> <span class="token punctuation">{</span>kubelet kubernetes-node-tf0f<span class="token punctuation">}</span> implicitly required container POD started Started with docker <span class="token function">id</span> 6a41280f516d
Tue, 07 Jul <span class="token number">2015</span> <span class="token number">12</span>:53:51 -0700 Tue, 07 Jul <span class="token number">2015</span> <span class="token number">12</span>:53:51 -0700 <span class="token number">1</span> <span class="token punctuation">{</span>kubelet kubernetes-node-tf0f<span class="token punctuation">}</span> spec.containers<span class="token punctuation">{</span>simmemleak<span class="token punctuation">}</span> created Created with docker <span class="token function">id</span> 87348f12526a
</code></pre>
<p>&#x5728;&#x4E0A;&#x9762;&#x7684;&#x4F8B;&#x5B50;&#x4E2D;&#xFF0C;<code>Restart Count: 5</code> &#x610F;&#x5473;&#x7740; Pod &#x4E2D;&#x7684; <code>simmemleak</code> &#x5BB9;&#x5668;&#x88AB;&#x7EC8;&#x6B62;&#x5E76;&#x91CD;&#x542F;&#x4E86;&#x4E94;&#x6B21;&#x3002;</p>
<p>&#x60A8;&#x53EF;&#x4EE5;&#x4F7F;&#x7528; <code>kubectl get pod</code> &#x547D;&#x4EE4;&#x52A0;&#x4E0A; <code>-o go-template=...</code> &#x9009;&#x9879;&#x6765;&#x83B7;&#x53D6;&#x4E4B;&#x524D;&#x7EC8;&#x6B62;&#x5BB9;&#x5668;&#x7684;&#x72B6;&#x6001;&#x3002;</p>
<pre class="language-"><code class="lang-bash"><span class="token punctuation">[</span><span class="token number">13</span>:59:01<span class="token punctuation">]</span> $ kubectl get pod -o go-template<span class="token operator">=</span><span class="token string">&apos;{{range.status.containerStatuses}}{{&quot;Container Name: &quot;}}{{.name}}{{&quot;<span class="token entity" title="\r">\r</span><span class="token entity" title="\n">\n</span>LastState: &quot;}}{{.lastState}}{{end}}&apos;</span> simmemleak-60xbc
Container Name: simmemleak
LastState: map<span class="token punctuation">[</span>terminated:map<span class="token punctuation">[</span>exitCode:137 reason:OOM Killed startedAt:2015-07-07T20:58:43Z finishedAt:2015-07-07T20:58:43Z containerID:docker://0e4095bba1feccdfe7ef9fb6ebffe972b4b14285d5acdec6f0d3ae8a22fad8b2<span class="token punctuation">]</span><span class="token punctuation">]</span>
</code></pre>
<p>&#x60A8;&#x53EF;&#x4EE5;&#x770B;&#x5230;&#x5BB9;&#x5668;&#x56E0;&#x4E3A; <code>reason:OOM killed</code> &#x88AB;&#x7EC8;&#x6B62;&#xFF0C;<code>OOM</code> &#x8868;&#x793A; Out Of Memory&#x3002;</p>
<h2 id="&#x4E0D;&#x900F;&#x660E;&#x6574;&#x578B;&#x8D44;&#x6E90;&#xFF08;alpha&#x529F;&#x80FD;&#xFF09;">&#x4E0D;&#x900F;&#x660E;&#x6574;&#x578B;&#x8D44;&#x6E90;&#xFF08;Alpha&#x529F;&#x80FD;&#xFF09;</h2>
<p>Kubernetes 1.5 &#x7248;&#x672C;&#x4E2D;&#x5F15;&#x5165;&#x4E0D;&#x900F;&#x660E;&#x6574;&#x578B;&#x8D44;&#x6E90;&#x3002;&#x4E0D;&#x900F;&#x660E;&#x7684;&#x6574;&#x6570;&#x8D44;&#x6E90;&#x5141;&#x8BB8;&#x96C6;&#x7FA4;&#x8FD0;&#x7EF4;&#x4EBA;&#x5458;&#x53D1;&#x5E03;&#x65B0;&#x7684;&#x8282;&#x70B9;&#x7EA7;&#x8D44;&#x6E90;&#xFF0C;&#x5426;&#x5219;&#x7CFB;&#x7EDF;&#x5C06;&#x4E0D;&#x4E86;&#x89E3;&#x8FD9;&#x4E9B;&#x8D44;&#x6E90;&#x3002;</p>
<p>&#x7528;&#x6237;&#x53EF;&#x4EE5;&#x5728; Pod &#x7684; spec &#x4E2D;&#x6D88;&#x8D39;&#x8FD9;&#x4E9B;&#x8D44;&#x6E90;&#xFF0C;&#x5C31;&#x50CF; CPU &#x548C;&#x5185;&#x5B58;&#x4E00;&#x6837;&#x3002;&#x8C03;&#x5EA6;&#x5668;&#x8D1F;&#x8D23;&#x8D44;&#x6E90;&#x8BA1;&#x91CF;&#xFF0C;&#x4EE5;&#x4FBF;&#x5728;&#x4E0D;&#x8D85;&#x8FC7;&#x53EF;&#x7528;&#x91CF;&#x7684;&#x540C;&#x65F6;&#x5206;&#x914D;&#x7ED9; Pod&#x3002;</p>
<p><strong>&#x6CE8;&#x610F;&#xFF1A;</strong> &#x4E0D;&#x900F;&#x660E;&#x6574;&#x578B;&#x8D44;&#x6E90;&#x5728; kubernetes 1.5 &#x4E2D;&#x8FD8;&#x662F; Alpha &#x7248;&#x672C;&#x3002;&#x53EA;&#x5B9E;&#x73B0;&#x4E86;&#x8D44;&#x6E90;&#x8BA1;&#x91CF;&#xFF0C;&#x8282;&#x70B9;&#x7EA7;&#x522B;&#x7684;&#x9694;&#x79BB;&#x8FD8;&#x5904;&#x4E8E;&#x79EF;&#x6781;&#x7684;&#x5F00;&#x53D1;&#x9636;&#x6BB5;&#x3002;</p>
<p>&#x4E0D;&#x900F;&#x660E;&#x6574;&#x578B;&#x8D44;&#x6E90;&#x662F;&#x4EE5; <code>pod.alpha.kubernetes.io/opaque-int-resource-</code> &#x4E3A;&#x524D;&#x7F00;&#x7684;&#x8D44;&#x6E90;&#x3002;API server &#x5C06;&#x9650;&#x5236;&#x8FD9;&#x4E9B;&#x8D44;&#x6E90;&#x7684;&#x6570;&#x91CF;&#x4E3A;&#x6574;&#x6570;&#x3002;<em>&#x6709;&#x6548;</em> &#x6570;&#x91CF;&#x7684;&#x4F8B;&#x5B50;&#x6709; <code>3</code>&#x3001;<code>3000m</code> &#x548C; <code>3Ki</code>&#x3002;<em>&#x65E0;&#x6548;</em>&#x6570;&#x91CF;&#x7684;&#x4F8B;&#x5B50;&#x6709; <code>0.5</code> &#x548C; <code>1500m</code>&#x3002;</p>
<p>&#x7533;&#x8BF7;&#x4F7F;&#x7528;&#x4E0D;&#x900F;&#x660E;&#x6574;&#x578B;&#x8D44;&#x6E90;&#x9700;&#x8981;&#x4E24;&#x6B65;&#x3002;&#x9996;&#x5148;&#xFF0C;&#x96C6;&#x7FA4;&#x8FD0;&#x7EF4;&#x4EBA;&#x5458;&#x5FC5;&#x987B;&#x5728;&#x4E00;&#x4E2A;&#x6216;&#x591A;&#x4E2A;&#x8282;&#x70B9;&#x4E0A;&#x901A;&#x544A;&#x6BCF;&#x4E2A;&#x8282;&#x70B9;&#x4E0D;&#x900F;&#x660E;&#x7684;&#x8D44;&#x6E90;&#x3002;&#x7136;&#x540E;&#xFF0C;&#x7528;&#x6237;&#x5FC5;&#x987B;&#x5728; Pod &#x4E2D;&#x8BF7;&#x6C42;&#x4E0D;&#x900F;&#x660E;&#x8D44;&#x6E90;&#x3002;</p>
<p>&#x8981;&#x53D1;&#x5E03;&#x65B0;&#x7684;&#x4E0D;&#x900F;&#x660E;&#x6574;&#x578B;&#x8D44;&#x6E90;&#xFF0C;&#x96C6;&#x7FA4;&#x8FD0;&#x7EF4;&#x4EBA;&#x5458;&#x5E94;&#x5411; API server &#x63D0;&#x4EA4; <code>PATCH</code> HTTP&#x8BF7;&#x6C42;&#xFF0C;&#x4EE5;&#x6307;&#x5B9A;&#x96C6;&#x7FA4;&#x4E2D;&#x8282;&#x70B9;&#x7684;<code>status.capacity</code> &#x7684;&#x53EF;&#x7528;&#x6570;&#x91CF;&#x3002;&#x5728;&#x6B64;&#x64CD;&#x4F5C;&#x4E4B;&#x540E;&#xFF0C;&#x8282;&#x70B9;&#x7684; <code>status.capacity</code> &#x5C06;&#x5305;&#x62EC;&#x4E00;&#x4E2A;&#x65B0;&#x7684;&#x8D44;&#x6E90;&#x3002; <code>status.allocatable</code> &#x5B57;&#x6BB5;&#x7531; kubelet &#x5F02;&#x6B65;&#x5730;&#x4F7F;&#x7528;&#x65B0;&#x8D44;&#x6E90;&#x81EA;&#x52A8;&#x66F4;&#x65B0;&#x3002;&#x8BF7;&#x6CE8;&#x610F;&#xFF0C;&#x7531;&#x4E8E;&#x8C03;&#x5EA6;&#x5668;&#x5728;&#x8BC4;&#x4F30; Pod &#x9002;&#x5E94;&#x5EA6;&#x65F6;&#x4F7F;&#x7528;&#x8282;&#x70B9; <code>status.allocatable</code> &#x503C;&#xFF0C;&#x6240;&#x4EE5;&#x5728;&#x4F7F;&#x7528;&#x65B0;&#x8D44;&#x6E90;&#x4FEE;&#x8865;&#x8282;&#x70B9;&#x5BB9;&#x91CF;&#x548C;&#x8BF7;&#x6C42;&#x5728;&#x8BE5;&#x8282;&#x70B9;&#x4E0A;&#x8C03;&#x5EA6;&#x8D44;&#x6E90;&#x7684;&#x7B2C;&#x4E00;&#x4E2A; pod &#x4E4B;&#x95F4;&#x53EF;&#x80FD;&#x4F1A;&#x6709;&#x77ED;&#x6682;&#x7684;&#x5EF6;&#x8FDF;&#x3002;</p>
<p><strong>&#x793A;&#x4F8B;</strong></p>
<p>&#x8FD9;&#x662F;&#x4E00;&#x4E2A; HTTP &#x8BF7;&#x6C42;&#xFF0C;master &#x8282;&#x70B9;&#x662F; k8s-master&#xFF0C;&#x5728; k8s-node-1 &#x8282;&#x70B9;&#x4E0A;&#x901A;&#x544A; 5 &#x4E2A; &#x201C;foo&#x201D; &#x8D44;&#x6E90;&#x3002;</p>
<pre class="language-"><code class="lang-http"><span class="token request-line"><span class="token property">PATCH</span> /api/v1/nodes/k8s-node-1/status HTTP/1.1</span>
<span class="token header-name keyword">Accept:</span> application/json
<span class="token header-name keyword">Content-Type:</span> application/json-patch+json
<span class="token header-name keyword">Host:</span> k8s-master:8080<span class="token application-json">
<span class="token punctuation">[</span>
<span class="token punctuation">{</span>
<span class="token property">&quot;op&quot;</span><span class="token operator">:</span> <span class="token string">&quot;add&quot;</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span>
<span class="token property">&quot;path&quot;</span><span class="token operator">:</span> <span class="token string">&quot;/status/capacity/pod.alpha.kubernetes.io~1opaque-int-resource-foo&quot;</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span>
<span class="token property">&quot;value&quot;</span><span class="token operator">:</span> <span class="token string">&quot;5&quot;</span>
<span class="token punctuation">}</span>
<span class="token punctuation">]</span>
</span></code></pre>
<pre class="language-"><code class="lang-bash"><span class="token function">curl</span> --header <span class="token string">&quot;Content-Type: application/json-patch+json&quot;</span> <span class="token punctuation">\</span>
--request PATCH <span class="token punctuation">\</span>
--data <span class="token string">&apos;[{&quot;op&quot;: &quot;add&quot;, &quot;path&quot;: &quot;/status/capacity/pod.alpha.kubernetes.io~1opaque-int-resource-foo&quot;, &quot;value&quot;: &quot;5&quot;}]&apos;</span> <span class="token punctuation">\</span>
http://k8s-master:8080/api/v1/nodes/k8s-node-1/status
</code></pre>
<p><strong>&#x6CE8;&#x610F;&#xFF1A;</strong> &#x5728;&#x524D;&#x9762;&#x7684;&#x8BF7;&#x6C42;&#x4E2D;&#xFF0C;<code>~1</code> &#x662F; patch &#x8DEF;&#x5F84;&#x4E2D; <code>/</code> &#x5B57;&#x7B26;&#x7684;&#x7F16;&#x7801;&#x3002;JSON-Patch &#x4E2D;&#x7684;&#x64CD;&#x4F5C;&#x8DEF;&#x5F84;&#x503C;&#x88AB;&#x89E3;&#x91CA;&#x4E3A; JSON-Pointer&#x3002;&#x66F4;&#x591A;&#x8BE6;&#x7EC6;&#x4FE1;&#x606F;&#x8BF7;&#x53C2;&#x9605; <a href="https://tools.ietf.org/html/rfc6901#section-3" target="_blank">IETF RFC 6901, section 3</a>&#x3002;</p>
<pre class="language-"><code class="lang-yaml"><span class="token key atrule">apiVersion</span><span class="token punctuation">:</span> v1
<span class="token key atrule">kind</span><span class="token punctuation">:</span> Pod
<span class="token key atrule">metadata</span><span class="token punctuation">:</span>
<span class="token key atrule">name</span><span class="token punctuation">:</span> my<span class="token punctuation">-</span>pod
<span class="token key atrule">spec</span><span class="token punctuation">:</span>
<span class="token key atrule">containers</span><span class="token punctuation">:</span>
<span class="token punctuation">-</span> <span class="token key atrule">name</span><span class="token punctuation">:</span> my<span class="token punctuation">-</span>container
<span class="token key atrule">image</span><span class="token punctuation">:</span> myimage
<span class="token key atrule">resources</span><span class="token punctuation">:</span>
<span class="token key atrule">requests</span><span class="token punctuation">:</span>
<span class="token key atrule">cpu</span><span class="token punctuation">:</span> <span class="token number">2</span>
<span class="token key atrule">pod.alpha.kubernetes.io/opaque-int-resource-foo</span><span class="token punctuation">:</span> <span class="token number">1</span>
</code></pre>
<h2 id="&#x8BA1;&#x5212;&#x6539;&#x8FDB;">&#x8BA1;&#x5212;&#x6539;&#x8FDB;</h2>
<p>&#x5728; kubernetes 1.5 &#x7248;&#x672C;&#x4E2D;&#x4EC5;&#x5141;&#x8BB8;&#x5728;&#x5BB9;&#x5668;&#x4E0A;&#x6307;&#x5B9A;&#x8D44;&#x6E90;&#x91CF;&#x3002;&#x8BA1;&#x5212;&#x6539;&#x8FDB;&#x5BF9;&#x6240;&#x6709;&#x5BB9;&#x5668;&#x5728; Pod &#x4E2D;&#x5171;&#x4EAB;&#x8D44;&#x6E90;&#x7684;&#x8BA1;&#x91CF;&#xFF0C;&#x5982; <a href="https://kubernetes.io/docs/concepts/storage/volumes/#emptydir" target="_blank">emptyDir volume</a>&#x3002;</p>
<p>&#x5728; kubernetes 1.5 &#x7248;&#x672C;&#x4E2D;&#x4EC5;&#x652F;&#x6301;&#x5BB9;&#x5668;&#x5BF9; CPU &#x548C;&#x5185;&#x5B58;&#x7684;&#x7533;&#x8BF7;&#x548C;&#x9650;&#x5236;&#x3002;&#x8BA1;&#x5212;&#x589E;&#x52A0;&#x65B0;&#x7684;&#x8D44;&#x6E90;&#x7C7B;&#x578B;&#xFF0C;&#x5305;&#x62EC;&#x8282;&#x70B9;&#x78C1;&#x76D8;&#x7A7A;&#x95F4;&#x8D44;&#x6E90;&#x548C;&#x4E00;&#x4E2A;&#x53EF;&#x652F;&#x6301;&#x81EA;&#x5B9A;&#x4E49;&#x8D44;&#x6E90;&#x7C7B;&#x578B;&#x7684;&#x6846;&#x67B6;&#x3002;</p>
<p>Kubernetes &#x901A;&#x8FC7;&#x652F;&#x6301;&#x901A;&#x8FC7;&#x591A;&#x7EA7;&#x522B;&#x7684; <a href="http://issue.k8s.io/168" target="_blank">&#x670D;&#x52A1;&#x8D28;&#x91CF;</a> &#x6765;&#x652F;&#x6301;&#x8D44;&#x6E90;&#x7684;&#x8FC7;&#x5EA6;&#x4F7F;&#x7528;&#x3002;</p>
<p>&#x5728; kubernetes 1.5 &#x7248;&#x672C;&#x4E2D;&#xFF0C;&#x4E00;&#x4E2A; CPU &#x5355;&#x4F4D;&#x5728;&#x4E0D;&#x540C;&#x7684;&#x4E91;&#x63D0;&#x4F9B;&#x5546;&#x548C;&#x540C;&#x4E00;&#x4E91;&#x63D0;&#x4F9B;&#x5546;&#x7684;&#x4E0D;&#x540C;&#x673A;&#x5668;&#x7C7B;&#x578B;&#x4E2D;&#x7684;&#x610F;&#x5473;&#x90FD;&#x4E0D;&#x540C;&#x3002;&#x4F8B;&#x5982;&#xFF0C;&#x5728; AWS &#x4E0A;&#xFF0C;&#x8282;&#x70B9;&#x7684;&#x5BB9;&#x91CF;&#x62A5;&#x544A;&#x4E3A; <a href="http://aws.amazon.com/ec2/faqs/" target="_blank">ECU</a>&#xFF0C;&#x800C;&#x5728; GCE &#x4E2D;&#x62A5;&#x544A;&#x4E3A;&#x903B;&#x8F91;&#x5185;&#x6838;&#x3002;&#x6211;&#x4EEC;&#x8BA1;&#x5212;&#x4FEE;&#x6539; cpu &#x8D44;&#x6E90;&#x7684;&#x5B9A;&#x4E49;&#xFF0C;&#x4EE5;&#x4FBF;&#x5728;&#x4E0D;&#x540C;&#x7684;&#x63D0;&#x4F9B;&#x5546;&#x548C;&#x5E73;&#x53F0;&#x4E4B;&#x95F4;&#x4FDD;&#x6301;&#x4E00;&#x81F4;&#x3002;</p>
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