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<title>Master 节点高可用 · Kubernetes Handbook - Kubernetes中文指南/云原生应用架构实践手册 by Jimmy Song(宋净超)</title>
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<li>
<a href="https://jimmysong.io" target="_blank" class="custom-link">回到主页</a>
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<li>
<a href="https://jimmysong.io/awesome-cloud-native" target="_blank" class="custom-link">Awesome Cloud Native</a>
</li>
<li>
<a href="https://cloudnative.to" target="_blank" class="custom-link">云原生社区</a>
</li>
<li>
<a href="https://cloudnativeindustryalliance.github.io/whitepaper2020/" target="_blank" class="custom-link">中国云原生发展白皮书2020</a>
</li>
<li>
<a href="https://jimmysong.io/guide-to-cloud-native-app/" target="_blank" class="custom-link">云原生应用白皮书</a>
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<li class="divider"></li>
<li class="header">前言</li>
<li class="chapter " data-level="1.1" data-path="../">
<a href="../">
<b>1.1.</b>
序言
</a>
</li>
<li class="header">云原生</li>
<li class="chapter " data-level="2.1" data-path="../cloud-native/cloud-native-definition.html">
<a href="../cloud-native/cloud-native-definition.html">
<b>2.1.</b>
云原生Cloud Native的定义
</a>
</li>
<li class="chapter " data-level="2.2" data-path="../cloud-native/cloud-native-philosophy.html">
<a href="../cloud-native/cloud-native-philosophy.html">
<b>2.2.</b>
云原生的设计哲学
</a>
</li>
<li class="chapter " data-level="2.3" data-path="../cloud-native/play-with-kubernetes.html">
<a href="../cloud-native/play-with-kubernetes.html">
<b>2.3.</b>
Play with Kubernetes
</a>
</li>
<li class="chapter " data-level="2.4" data-path="../cloud-native/cloud-native-local-quick-start.html">
<a href="../cloud-native/cloud-native-local-quick-start.html">
<b>2.4.</b>
快速部署一个云原生本地实验环境
</a>
</li>
<li class="chapter " data-level="2.5" data-path="../cloud-native/setup-kubernetes-with-rancher-and-aliyun.html">
<a href="../cloud-native/setup-kubernetes-with-rancher-and-aliyun.html">
<b>2.5.</b>
使用 Rancher 在阿里云上部署 Kubenretes 集群
</a>
</li>
<li class="chapter " data-level="2.6" data-path="../cloud-native/kubernetes-and-cloud-native-app-overview.html">
<a href="../cloud-native/kubernetes-and-cloud-native-app-overview.html">
<b>2.6.</b>
Kubernetes 与云原生应用概览
</a>
</li>
<li class="chapter " data-level="2.7" data-path="../cloud-native/from-kubernetes-to-cloud-native.html">
<a href="../cloud-native/from-kubernetes-to-cloud-native.html">
<b>2.7.</b>
云原生应用之路 —— 从 Kubernetes 到 Cloud Native
</a>
</li>
<li class="chapter " data-level="2.8" data-path="../cloud-native/cloud-native-programming-languages.html">
<a href="../cloud-native/cloud-native-programming-languages.html">
<b>2.8.</b>
云原生编程语言
</a>
<ul class="articles">
<li class="chapter " data-level="2.8.1" data-path="../cloud-native/cloud-native-programming-language-ballerina.html">
<a href="../cloud-native/cloud-native-programming-language-ballerina.html">
<b>2.8.1.</b>
云原生编程语言 Ballerina
</a>
</li>
<li class="chapter " data-level="2.8.2" data-path="../cloud-native/cloud-native-programming-language-pulumi.html">
<a href="../cloud-native/cloud-native-programming-language-pulumi.html">
<b>2.8.2.</b>
云原生编程语言 Pulumi
</a>
</li>
</ul>
</li>
<li class="chapter " data-level="2.9" data-path="../cloud-native/the-future-of-cloud-native.html">
<a href="../cloud-native/the-future-of-cloud-native.html">
<b>2.9.</b>
云原生的未来
</a>
</li>
<li class="chapter " data-level="2.10" data-path="../cloud-native/define-cloud-native-app.html">
<a href="../cloud-native/define-cloud-native-app.html">
<b>2.10.</b>
定义云原生应用
</a>
<ul class="articles">
<li class="chapter " data-level="2.10.1" data-path="../cloud-native/workload.html">
<a href="../cloud-native/workload.html">
<b>2.10.1.</b>
Workload
</a>
</li>
<li class="chapter " data-level="2.10.2" data-path="../cloud-native/component.html">
<a href="../cloud-native/component.html">
<b>2.10.2.</b>
Component
</a>
</li>
<li class="chapter " data-level="2.10.3" data-path="../cloud-native/trait.html">
<a href="../cloud-native/trait.html">
<b>2.10.3.</b>
Trait
</a>
</li>
<li class="chapter " data-level="2.10.4" data-path="../cloud-native/application-scope.html">
<a href="../cloud-native/application-scope.html">
<b>2.10.4.</b>
Application Scope
</a>
</li>
<li class="chapter " data-level="2.10.5" data-path="../cloud-native/application-configuration.html">
<a href="../cloud-native/application-configuration.html">
<b>2.10.5.</b>
Application Configuration
</a>
</li>
</ul>
</li>
<li class="header">概念与原理</li>
<li class="chapter " data-level="3.1" data-path="../concepts/">
<a href="../concepts/">
<b>3.1.</b>
Kubernetes 架构
</a>
<ul class="articles">
<li class="chapter " data-level="3.1.1" data-path="../concepts/concepts.html">
<a href="../concepts/concepts.html">
<b>3.1.1.</b>
设计理念
</a>
</li>
<li class="chapter " data-level="3.1.2" data-path="../concepts/etcd.html">
<a href="../concepts/etcd.html">
<b>3.1.2.</b>
Etcd 解析
</a>
</li>
<li class="chapter " data-level="3.1.3" data-path="../concepts/open-interfaces.html">
<a href="../concepts/open-interfaces.html">
<b>3.1.3.</b>
开放接口
</a>
<ul class="articles">
<li class="chapter " data-level="3.1.3.1" data-path="../concepts/cri.html">
<a href="../concepts/cri.html">
<b>3.1.3.1.</b>
CRI - Container Runtime Interface容器运行时接口
</a>
</li>
<li class="chapter " data-level="3.1.3.2" data-path="../concepts/cni.html">
<a href="../concepts/cni.html">
<b>3.1.3.2.</b>
CNI - Container Network Interface容器网络接口
</a>
</li>
<li class="chapter " data-level="3.1.3.3" data-path="../concepts/csi.html">
<a href="../concepts/csi.html">
<b>3.1.3.3.</b>
CSI - Container Storage Interface容器存储接口
</a>
</li>
</ul>
</li>
</ul>
</li>
<li class="chapter " data-level="3.2" data-path="../concepts/networking.html">
<a href="../concepts/networking.html">
<b>3.2.</b>
Kubernetes 中的网络
</a>
<ul class="articles">
<li class="chapter " data-level="3.2.1" data-path="../concepts/flannel.html">
<a href="../concepts/flannel.html">
<b>3.2.1.</b>
Kubernetes 中的网络解析 —— 以 flannel 为例
</a>
</li>
<li class="chapter " data-level="3.2.2" data-path="../concepts/calico.html">
<a href="../concepts/calico.html">
<b>3.2.2.</b>
Kubernetes 中的网络解析 —— 以 calico 为例
</a>
</li>
<li class="chapter " data-level="3.2.3" data-path="../concepts/cilium.html">
<a href="../concepts/cilium.html">
<b>3.2.3.</b>
具备 API 感知的网络和安全性管理开源软件 Cilium
</a>
<ul class="articles">
<li class="chapter " data-level="3.2.3.1" data-path="../concepts/cilium-concepts.html">
<a href="../concepts/cilium-concepts.html">
<b>3.2.3.1.</b>
Cilium 架构设计与概念解析
</a>
</li>
</ul>
</li>
</ul>
</li>
<li class="chapter " data-level="3.3" data-path="../concepts/objects.html">
<a href="../concepts/objects.html">
<b>3.3.</b>
资源对象与基本概念解析
</a>
</li>
<li class="chapter " data-level="3.4" data-path="../concepts/pod-state-and-lifecycle.html">
<a href="../concepts/pod-state-and-lifecycle.html">
<b>3.4.</b>
Pod 状态与生命周期管理
</a>
<ul class="articles">
<li class="chapter " data-level="3.4.1" data-path="../concepts/pod-overview.html">
<a href="../concepts/pod-overview.html">
<b>3.4.1.</b>
Pod 概览
</a>
</li>
<li class="chapter " data-level="3.4.2" data-path="../concepts/pod.html">
<a href="../concepts/pod.html">
<b>3.4.2.</b>
Pod 解析
</a>
</li>
<li class="chapter " data-level="3.4.3" data-path="../concepts/init-containers.html">
<a href="../concepts/init-containers.html">
<b>3.4.3.</b>
Init 容器
</a>
</li>
<li class="chapter " data-level="3.4.4" data-path="../concepts/pause-container.html">
<a href="../concepts/pause-container.html">
<b>3.4.4.</b>
Pause 容器
</a>
</li>
<li class="chapter " data-level="3.4.5" data-path="../concepts/pod-security-policy.html">
<a href="../concepts/pod-security-policy.html">
<b>3.4.5.</b>
Pod 安全策略
</a>
</li>
<li class="chapter " data-level="3.4.6" data-path="../concepts/pod-lifecycle.html">
<a href="../concepts/pod-lifecycle.html">
<b>3.4.6.</b>
Pod 的生命周期
</a>
</li>
<li class="chapter " data-level="3.4.7" data-path="../concepts/pod-hook.html">
<a href="../concepts/pod-hook.html">
<b>3.4.7.</b>
Pod Hook
</a>
</li>
<li class="chapter " data-level="3.4.8" data-path="../concepts/pod-preset.html">
<a href="../concepts/pod-preset.html">
<b>3.4.8.</b>
Pod Preset
</a>
</li>
<li class="chapter " data-level="3.4.9" data-path="../concepts/pod-disruption-budget.html">
<a href="../concepts/pod-disruption-budget.html">
<b>3.4.9.</b>
Pod 中断与 PDBPod 中断预算)
</a>
</li>
</ul>
</li>
<li class="chapter " data-level="3.5" data-path="../concepts/cluster.html">
<a href="../concepts/cluster.html">
<b>3.5.</b>
集群资源管理
</a>
<ul class="articles">
<li class="chapter " data-level="3.5.1" data-path="../concepts/node.html">
<a href="../concepts/node.html">
<b>3.5.1.</b>
Node
</a>
</li>
<li class="chapter " data-level="3.5.2" data-path="../concepts/namespace.html">
<a href="../concepts/namespace.html">
<b>3.5.2.</b>
Namespace
</a>
</li>
<li class="chapter " data-level="3.5.3" data-path="../concepts/label.html">
<a href="../concepts/label.html">
<b>3.5.3.</b>
Label
</a>
</li>
<li class="chapter " data-level="3.5.4" data-path="../concepts/annotation.html">
<a href="../concepts/annotation.html">
<b>3.5.4.</b>
Annotation
</a>
</li>
<li class="chapter " data-level="3.5.5" data-path="../concepts/taint-and-toleration.html">
<a href="../concepts/taint-and-toleration.html">
<b>3.5.5.</b>
Taint 和 Toleration污点和容忍
</a>
</li>
<li class="chapter " data-level="3.5.6" data-path="../concepts/garbage-collection.html">
<a href="../concepts/garbage-collection.html">
<b>3.5.6.</b>
垃圾收集
</a>
</li>
</ul>
</li>
<li class="chapter " data-level="3.6" data-path="../concepts/controllers.html">
<a href="../concepts/controllers.html">
<b>3.6.</b>
控制器
</a>
<ul class="articles">
<li class="chapter " data-level="3.6.1" data-path="../concepts/deployment.html">
<a href="../concepts/deployment.html">
<b>3.6.1.</b>
Deployment
</a>
</li>
<li class="chapter " data-level="3.6.2" data-path="../concepts/statefulset.html">
<a href="../concepts/statefulset.html">
<b>3.6.2.</b>
StatefulSet
</a>
</li>
<li class="chapter " data-level="3.6.3" data-path="../concepts/daemonset.html">
<a href="../concepts/daemonset.html">
<b>3.6.3.</b>
DaemonSet
</a>
</li>
<li class="chapter " data-level="3.6.4" data-path="../concepts/replicaset.html">
<a href="../concepts/replicaset.html">
<b>3.6.4.</b>
ReplicationController 和 ReplicaSet
</a>
</li>
<li class="chapter " data-level="3.6.5" data-path="../concepts/job.html">
<a href="../concepts/job.html">
<b>3.6.5.</b>
Job
</a>
</li>
<li class="chapter " data-level="3.6.6" data-path="../concepts/cronjob.html">
<a href="../concepts/cronjob.html">
<b>3.6.6.</b>
CronJob
</a>
</li>
<li class="chapter " data-level="3.6.7" data-path="../concepts/horizontal-pod-autoscaling.html">
<a href="../concepts/horizontal-pod-autoscaling.html">
<b>3.6.7.</b>
Horizontal Pod Autoscaling
</a>
<ul class="articles">
<li class="chapter " data-level="3.6.7.1" data-path="../concepts/custom-metrics-hpa.html">
<a href="../concepts/custom-metrics-hpa.html">
<b>3.6.7.1.</b>
自定义指标 HPA
</a>
</li>
</ul>
</li>
<li class="chapter " data-level="3.6.8" data-path="../concepts/admission-controller.html">
<a href="../concepts/admission-controller.html">
<b>3.6.8.</b>
准入控制器Admission Controller
</a>
</li>
</ul>
</li>
<li class="chapter " data-level="3.7" data-path="../concepts/service-discovery.html">
<a href="../concepts/service-discovery.html">
<b>3.7.</b>
服务发现
</a>
<ul class="articles">
<li class="chapter " data-level="3.7.1" data-path="../concepts/service.html">
<a href="../concepts/service.html">
<b>3.7.1.</b>
Service
</a>
</li>
<li class="chapter " data-level="3.7.2" data-path="../concepts/ingress.html">
<a href="../concepts/ingress.html">
<b>3.7.2.</b>
Ingress
</a>
<ul class="articles">
<li class="chapter " data-level="3.7.2.1" data-path="../concepts/traefik-ingress-controller.html">
<a href="../concepts/traefik-ingress-controller.html">
<b>3.7.2.1.</b>
Traefik Ingress Controller
</a>
</li>
</ul>
</li>
</ul>
</li>
<li class="chapter " data-level="3.8" data-path="../concepts/authentication-and-permission.html">
<a href="../concepts/authentication-and-permission.html">
<b>3.8.</b>
身份与权限控制
</a>
<ul class="articles">
<li class="chapter " data-level="3.8.1" data-path="../concepts/serviceaccount.html">
<a href="../concepts/serviceaccount.html">
<b>3.8.1.</b>
ServiceAccount
</a>
</li>
<li class="chapter " data-level="3.8.2" data-path="../concepts/rbac.html">
<a href="../concepts/rbac.html">
<b>3.8.2.</b>
RBAC—— 基于角色的访问控制
</a>
</li>
<li class="chapter " data-level="3.8.3" data-path="../concepts/network-policy.html">
<a href="../concepts/network-policy.html">
<b>3.8.3.</b>
NetworkPolicy
</a>
</li>
</ul>
</li>
<li class="chapter " data-level="3.9" data-path="../concepts/storage.html">
<a href="../concepts/storage.html">
<b>3.9.</b>
存储
</a>
<ul class="articles">
<li class="chapter " data-level="3.9.1" data-path="../concepts/secret.html">
<a href="../concepts/secret.html">
<b>3.9.1.</b>
Secret
</a>
</li>
<li class="chapter " data-level="3.9.2" data-path="../concepts/configmap.html">
<a href="../concepts/configmap.html">
<b>3.9.2.</b>
ConfigMap
</a>
<ul class="articles">
<li class="chapter " data-level="3.9.2.1" data-path="../concepts/configmap-hot-update.html">
<a href="../concepts/configmap-hot-update.html">
<b>3.9.2.1.</b>
ConfigMap 的热更新
</a>
</li>
</ul>
</li>
<li class="chapter " data-level="3.9.3" data-path="../concepts/volume.html">
<a href="../concepts/volume.html">
<b>3.9.3.</b>
Volume
</a>
</li>
<li class="chapter " data-level="3.9.4" data-path="../concepts/persistent-volume.html">
<a href="../concepts/persistent-volume.html">
<b>3.9.4.</b>
Persistent Volume持久化卷
</a>
</li>
<li class="chapter " data-level="3.9.5" data-path="../concepts/storageclass.html">
<a href="../concepts/storageclass.html">
<b>3.9.5.</b>
Storage Class
</a>
</li>
<li class="chapter " data-level="3.9.6" data-path="../concepts/local-persistent-storage.html">
<a href="../concepts/local-persistent-storage.html">
<b>3.9.6.</b>
本地持久化存储
</a>
</li>
</ul>
</li>
<li class="chapter " data-level="3.10" data-path="../concepts/extension.html">
<a href="../concepts/extension.html">
<b>3.10.</b>
集群扩展
</a>
<ul class="articles">
<li class="chapter " data-level="3.10.1" data-path="../concepts/custom-resource.html">
<a href="../concepts/custom-resource.html">
<b>3.10.1.</b>
使用自定义资源扩展 API
</a>
</li>
<li class="chapter " data-level="3.10.2" data-path="../concepts/crd.html">
<a href="../concepts/crd.html">
<b>3.10.2.</b>
使用 CRD 扩展 Kubernetes API
</a>
</li>
<li class="chapter " data-level="3.10.3" data-path="../concepts/aggregated-api-server.html">
<a href="../concepts/aggregated-api-server.html">
<b>3.10.3.</b>
Aggregated API Server
</a>
</li>
<li class="chapter " data-level="3.10.4" data-path="../concepts/apiservice.html">
<a href="../concepts/apiservice.html">
<b>3.10.4.</b>
APIService
</a>
</li>
<li class="chapter " data-level="3.10.5" data-path="../concepts/service-catalog.html">
<a href="../concepts/service-catalog.html">
<b>3.10.5.</b>
Service Catalog
</a>
</li>
</ul>
</li>
<li class="chapter " data-level="3.11" data-path="../concepts/scheduling.html">
<a href="../concepts/scheduling.html">
<b>3.11.</b>
资源调度
</a>
<ul class="articles">
<li class="chapter " data-level="3.11.1" data-path="../concepts/qos.html">
<a href="../concepts/qos.html">
<b>3.11.1.</b>
QoS服务质量等级
</a>
</li>
</ul>
</li>
<li class="header">用户指南</li>
<li class="chapter " data-level="4.1" data-path="../guide/">
<a href="../guide/">
<b>4.1.</b>
用户指南
</a>
</li>
<li class="chapter " data-level="4.2" data-path="../guide/resource-configuration.html">
<a href="../guide/resource-configuration.html">
<b>4.2.</b>
资源对象配置
</a>
<ul class="articles">
<li class="chapter " data-level="4.2.1" data-path="../guide/configure-liveness-readiness-probes.html">
<a href="../guide/configure-liveness-readiness-probes.html">
<b>4.2.1.</b>
配置 Pod 的 liveness 和 readiness 探针
</a>
</li>
<li class="chapter " data-level="4.2.2" data-path="../guide/configure-pod-service-account.html">
<a href="../guide/configure-pod-service-account.html">
<b>4.2.2.</b>
配置 Pod 的 Service Account
</a>
</li>
<li class="chapter " data-level="4.2.3" data-path="../guide/secret-configuration.html">
<a href="../guide/secret-configuration.html">
<b>4.2.3.</b>
Secret 配置
</a>
</li>
<li class="chapter " data-level="4.2.4" data-path="../guide/resource-quota-management.html">
<a href="../guide/resource-quota-management.html">
<b>4.2.4.</b>
管理 namespace 中的资源配额
</a>
</li>
</ul>
</li>
<li class="chapter " data-level="4.3" data-path="../guide/command-usage.html">
<a href="../guide/command-usage.html">
<b>4.3.</b>
命令使用
</a>
<ul class="articles">
<li class="chapter " data-level="4.3.1" data-path="../guide/docker-cli-to-kubectl.html">
<a href="../guide/docker-cli-to-kubectl.html">
<b>4.3.1.</b>
Docker 用户过渡到 kubectl 命令行指南
</a>
</li>
<li class="chapter " data-level="4.3.2" data-path="../guide/using-kubectl.html">
<a href="../guide/using-kubectl.html">
<b>4.3.2.</b>
kubectl 命令概览
</a>
</li>
<li class="chapter " data-level="4.3.3" data-path="../guide/kubectl-cheatsheet.html">
<a href="../guide/kubectl-cheatsheet.html">
<b>4.3.3.</b>
kubectl 命令技巧大全
</a>
</li>
<li class="chapter " data-level="4.3.4" data-path="../guide/using-etcdctl-to-access-kubernetes-data.html">
<a href="../guide/using-etcdctl-to-access-kubernetes-data.html">
<b>4.3.4.</b>
使用 etcdctl 访问 kubernetes 数据
</a>
</li>
</ul>
</li>
<li class="chapter " data-level="4.4" data-path="../guide/cluster-security-management.html">
<a href="../guide/cluster-security-management.html">
<b>4.4.</b>
集群安全性管理
</a>
<ul class="articles">
<li class="chapter " data-level="4.4.1" data-path="../guide/managing-tls-in-a-cluster.html">
<a href="../guide/managing-tls-in-a-cluster.html">
<b>4.4.1.</b>
管理集群中的 TLS
</a>
</li>
<li class="chapter " data-level="4.4.2" data-path="../guide/kubelet-authentication-authorization.html">
<a href="../guide/kubelet-authentication-authorization.html">
<b>4.4.2.</b>
kubelet 的认证授权
</a>
</li>
<li class="chapter " data-level="4.4.3" data-path="../guide/tls-bootstrapping.html">
<a href="../guide/tls-bootstrapping.html">
<b>4.4.3.</b>
TLS bootstrap
</a>
</li>
<li class="chapter " data-level="4.4.4" data-path="../guide/kubectl-user-authentication-authorization.html">
<a href="../guide/kubectl-user-authentication-authorization.html">
<b>4.4.4.</b>
创建用户认证授权的 kubeconfig 文件
</a>
</li>
<li class="chapter " data-level="4.4.5" data-path="../guide/ip-masq-agent.html">
<a href="../guide/ip-masq-agent.html">
<b>4.4.5.</b>
IP 伪装代理
</a>
</li>
<li class="chapter " data-level="4.4.6" data-path="../guide/auth-with-kubeconfig-or-token.html">
<a href="../guide/auth-with-kubeconfig-or-token.html">
<b>4.4.6.</b>
使用 kubeconfig 或 token 进行用户身份认证
</a>
</li>
<li class="chapter " data-level="4.4.7" data-path="../guide/authentication.html">
<a href="../guide/authentication.html">
<b>4.4.7.</b>
Kubernetes 中的用户与身份认证授权
</a>
</li>
<li class="chapter " data-level="4.4.8" data-path="../guide/kubernetes-security-best-practice.html">
<a href="../guide/kubernetes-security-best-practice.html">
<b>4.4.8.</b>
Kubernetes 集群安全性配置最佳实践
</a>
</li>
</ul>
</li>
<li class="chapter " data-level="4.5" data-path="../guide/access-kubernetes-cluster.html">
<a href="../guide/access-kubernetes-cluster.html">
<b>4.5.</b>
访问 Kubernetes 集群
</a>
<ul class="articles">
<li class="chapter " data-level="4.5.1" data-path="../guide/access-cluster.html">
<a href="../guide/access-cluster.html">
<b>4.5.1.</b>
访问集群
</a>
</li>
<li class="chapter " data-level="4.5.2" data-path="../guide/authenticate-across-clusters-kubeconfig.html">
<a href="../guide/authenticate-across-clusters-kubeconfig.html">
<b>4.5.2.</b>
使用 kubeconfig 文件配置跨集群认证
</a>
</li>
<li class="chapter " data-level="4.5.3" data-path="../guide/connecting-to-applications-port-forward.html">
<a href="../guide/connecting-to-applications-port-forward.html">
<b>4.5.3.</b>
通过端口转发访问集群中的应用程序
</a>
</li>
<li class="chapter " data-level="4.5.4" data-path="../guide/service-access-application-cluster.html">
<a href="../guide/service-access-application-cluster.html">
<b>4.5.4.</b>
使用 service 访问群集中的应用程序
</a>
</li>
<li class="chapter " data-level="4.5.5" data-path="../guide/accessing-kubernetes-pods-from-outside-of-the-cluster.html">
<a href="../guide/accessing-kubernetes-pods-from-outside-of-the-cluster.html">
<b>4.5.5.</b>
从外部访问 Kubernetes 中的 Pod
</a>
</li>
<li class="chapter " data-level="4.5.6" data-path="../guide/cabin-mobile-dashboard-for-kubernetes.html">
<a href="../guide/cabin-mobile-dashboard-for-kubernetes.html">
<b>4.5.6.</b>
Cabin - Kubernetes 手机客户端
</a>
</li>
<li class="chapter " data-level="4.5.7" data-path="../guide/kubernetes-desktop-client.html">
<a href="../guide/kubernetes-desktop-client.html">
<b>4.5.7.</b>
Kubernetic - Kubernetes 桌面客户端
</a>
</li>
<li class="chapter " data-level="4.5.8" data-path="../guide/kubernator-kubernetes-ui.html">
<a href="../guide/kubernator-kubernetes-ui.html">
<b>4.5.8.</b>
Kubernator - 更底层的 Kubernetes UI
</a>
</li>
</ul>
</li>
<li class="chapter " data-level="4.6" data-path="../guide/application-development-deployment-flow.html">
<a href="../guide/application-development-deployment-flow.html">
<b>4.6.</b>
在 Kubernetes 中开发部署应用
</a>
<ul class="articles">
<li class="chapter " data-level="4.6.1" data-path="../guide/deploy-applications-in-kubernetes.html">
<a href="../guide/deploy-applications-in-kubernetes.html">
<b>4.6.1.</b>
适用于 kubernetes 的应用开发部署流程
</a>
</li>
<li class="chapter " data-level="4.6.2" data-path="../guide/migrating-hadoop-yarn-to-kubernetes.html">
<a href="../guide/migrating-hadoop-yarn-to-kubernetes.html">
<b>4.6.2.</b>
迁移传统应用到 Kubernetes 中 —— 以 Hadoop YARN 为例
</a>
</li>
<li class="chapter " data-level="4.6.3" data-path="../guide/using-statefulset.html">
<a href="../guide/using-statefulset.html">
<b>4.6.3.</b>
使用 StatefulSet 部署用状态应用
</a>
</li>
</ul>
</li>
<li class="header">最佳实践</li>
<li class="chapter " data-level="5.1" data-path="./">
<a href="./">
<b>5.1.</b>
最佳实践概览
</a>
</li>
<li class="chapter " data-level="5.2" data-path="install-kubernetes-on-centos.html">
<a href="install-kubernetes-on-centos.html">
<b>5.2.</b>
在 CentOS 上部署 Kubernetes 集群
</a>
<ul class="articles">
<li class="chapter " data-level="5.2.1" data-path="create-tls-and-secret-key.html">
<a href="create-tls-and-secret-key.html">
<b>5.2.1.</b>
创建 TLS 证书和秘钥
</a>
</li>
<li class="chapter " data-level="5.2.2" data-path="create-kubeconfig.html">
<a href="create-kubeconfig.html">
<b>5.2.2.</b>
创建 kubeconfig 文件
</a>
</li>
<li class="chapter " data-level="5.2.3" data-path="etcd-cluster-installation.html">
<a href="etcd-cluster-installation.html">
<b>5.2.3.</b>
创建高可用 etcd 集群
</a>
</li>
<li class="chapter " data-level="5.2.4" data-path="kubectl-installation.html">
<a href="kubectl-installation.html">
<b>5.2.4.</b>
安装 kubectl 命令行工具
</a>
</li>
<li class="chapter " data-level="5.2.5" data-path="master-installation.html">
<a href="master-installation.html">
<b>5.2.5.</b>
部署 master 节点
</a>
</li>
<li class="chapter " data-level="5.2.6" data-path="flannel-installation.html">
<a href="flannel-installation.html">
<b>5.2.6.</b>
安装 flannel 网络插件
</a>
</li>
<li class="chapter " data-level="5.2.7" data-path="node-installation.html">
<a href="node-installation.html">
<b>5.2.7.</b>
部署 node 节点
</a>
</li>
<li class="chapter " data-level="5.2.8" data-path="kubedns-addon-installation.html">
<a href="kubedns-addon-installation.html">
<b>5.2.8.</b>
安装 kubedns 插件
</a>
</li>
<li class="chapter " data-level="5.2.9" data-path="dashboard-addon-installation.html">
<a href="dashboard-addon-installation.html">
<b>5.2.9.</b>
安装 dashboard 插件
</a>
</li>
<li class="chapter " data-level="5.2.10" data-path="heapster-addon-installation.html">
<a href="heapster-addon-installation.html">
<b>5.2.10.</b>
安装 heapster 插件
</a>
</li>
<li class="chapter " data-level="5.2.11" data-path="efk-addon-installation.html">
<a href="efk-addon-installation.html">
<b>5.2.11.</b>
安装 EFK 插件
</a>
</li>
</ul>
</li>
<li class="chapter " data-level="5.3" data-path="install-kubernetes-with-kubeadm.html">
<a href="install-kubernetes-with-kubeadm.html">
<b>5.3.</b>
生产级的 Kubernetes 简化管理工具 kubeadm
</a>
<ul class="articles">
<li class="chapter " data-level="5.3.1" data-path="install-kubernetes-on-ubuntu-server-16.04-with-kubeadm.html">
<a href="install-kubernetes-on-ubuntu-server-16.04-with-kubeadm.html">
<b>5.3.1.</b>
使用 kubeadm 在 Ubuntu Server 16.04 上快速构建测试集群
</a>
</li>
</ul>
</li>
<li class="chapter " data-level="5.4" data-path="service-discovery-and-loadbalancing.html">
<a href="service-discovery-and-loadbalancing.html">
<b>5.4.</b>
服务发现与负载均衡
</a>
<ul class="articles">
<li class="chapter " data-level="5.4.1" data-path="traefik-ingress-installation.html">
<a href="traefik-ingress-installation.html">
<b>5.4.1.</b>
安装 Traefik ingress
</a>
</li>
<li class="chapter " data-level="5.4.2" data-path="distributed-load-test.html">
<a href="distributed-load-test.html">
<b>5.4.2.</b>
分布式负载测试
</a>
</li>
<li class="chapter " data-level="5.4.3" data-path="network-and-cluster-perfermance-test.html">
<a href="network-and-cluster-perfermance-test.html">
<b>5.4.3.</b>
网络和集群性能测试
</a>
</li>
<li class="chapter " data-level="5.4.4" data-path="edge-node-configuration.html">
<a href="edge-node-configuration.html">
<b>5.4.4.</b>
边缘节点配置
</a>
</li>
<li class="chapter " data-level="5.4.5" data-path="nginx-ingress-installation.html">
<a href="nginx-ingress-installation.html">
<b>5.4.5.</b>
安装 Nginx ingress
</a>
</li>
<li class="chapter " data-level="5.4.6" data-path="dns-installation.html">
<a href="dns-installation.html">
<b>5.4.6.</b>
安装配置 DNS
</a>
<ul class="articles">
<li class="chapter " data-level="5.4.6.1" data-path="configuring-dns.html">
<a href="configuring-dns.html">
<b>5.4.6.1.</b>
安装配置 Kube-dns
</a>
</li>
<li class="chapter " data-level="5.4.6.2" data-path="coredns.html">
<a href="coredns.html">
<b>5.4.6.2.</b>
安装配置 CoreDNS
</a>
</li>
</ul>
</li>
</ul>
</li>
<li class="chapter " data-level="5.5" data-path="operation.html">
<a href="operation.html">
<b>5.5.</b>
运维管理
</a>
<ul class="articles">
<li class="chapter active" data-level="5.5.1" data-path="master-ha.html">
<a href="master-ha.html">
<b>5.5.1.</b>
Master 节点高可用
</a>
</li>
<li class="chapter " data-level="5.5.2" data-path="service-rolling-update.html">
<a href="service-rolling-update.html">
<b>5.5.2.</b>
服务滚动升级
</a>
</li>
<li class="chapter " data-level="5.5.3" data-path="app-log-collection.html">
<a href="app-log-collection.html">
<b>5.5.3.</b>
应用日志收集
</a>
</li>
<li class="chapter " data-level="5.5.4" data-path="configuration-best-practice.html">
<a href="configuration-best-practice.html">
<b>5.5.4.</b>
配置最佳实践
</a>
</li>
<li class="chapter " data-level="5.5.5" data-path="monitor.html">
<a href="monitor.html">
<b>5.5.5.</b>
集群及应用监控
</a>
</li>
<li class="chapter " data-level="5.5.6" data-path="data-persistence-problem.html">
<a href="data-persistence-problem.html">
<b>5.5.6.</b>
数据持久化问题
</a>
</li>
<li class="chapter " data-level="5.5.7" data-path="manage-compute-resources-container.html">
<a href="manage-compute-resources-container.html">
<b>5.5.7.</b>
管理容器的计算资源
</a>
</li>
<li class="chapter " data-level="5.5.8" data-path="federation.html">
<a href="federation.html">
<b>5.5.8.</b>
集群联邦
</a>
</li>
</ul>
</li>
<li class="chapter " data-level="5.6" data-path="storage.html">
<a href="storage.html">
<b>5.6.</b>
存储管理
</a>
<ul class="articles">
<li class="chapter " data-level="5.6.1" data-path="glusterfs.html">
<a href="glusterfs.html">
<b>5.6.1.</b>
GlusterFS
</a>
<ul class="articles">
<li class="chapter " data-level="5.6.1.1" data-path="using-glusterfs-for-persistent-storage.html">
<a href="using-glusterfs-for-persistent-storage.html">
<b>5.6.1.1.</b>
使用 GlusterFS 做持久化存储
</a>
</li>
<li class="chapter " data-level="5.6.1.2" data-path="using-heketi-gluster-for-persistent-storage.html">
<a href="using-heketi-gluster-for-persistent-storage.html">
<b>5.6.1.2.</b>
使用 Heketi 作为 Kubernetes 的持久存储 GlusterFS 的 external provisioner
</a>
</li>
<li class="chapter " data-level="5.6.1.3" data-path="storage-for-containers-using-glusterfs-with-openshift.html">
<a href="storage-for-containers-using-glusterfs-with-openshift.html">
<b>5.6.1.3.</b>
在 OpenShift 中使用 GlusterFS 做持久化存储
</a>
</li>
</ul>
</li>
<li class="chapter " data-level="5.6.2" data-path="glusterd-2.0.html">
<a href="glusterd-2.0.html">
<b>5.6.2.</b>
GlusterD-2.0
</a>
</li>
<li class="chapter " data-level="5.6.3" data-path="ceph.html">
<a href="ceph.html">
<b>5.6.3.</b>
Ceph
</a>
<ul class="articles">
<li class="chapter " data-level="5.6.3.1" data-path="ceph-helm-install-guide-zh.html">
<a href="ceph-helm-install-guide-zh.html">
<b>5.6.3.1.</b>
用 Helm 托管安装 Ceph 集群并提供后端存储
</a>
</li>
<li class="chapter " data-level="5.6.3.2" data-path="using-ceph-for-persistent-storage.html">
<a href="using-ceph-for-persistent-storage.html">
<b>5.6.3.2.</b>
使用 Ceph 做持久化存储
</a>
</li>
<li class="chapter " data-level="5.6.3.3" data-path="rbd-provisioner.html">
<a href="rbd-provisioner.html">
<b>5.6.3.3.</b>
使用 rbd-provisioner 提供 rbd 持久化存储
</a>
</li>
</ul>
</li>
<li class="chapter " data-level="5.6.4" data-path="openebs.html">
<a href="openebs.html">
<b>5.6.4.</b>
OpenEBS
</a>
<ul class="articles">
<li class="chapter " data-level="5.6.4.1" data-path="using-openebs-for-persistent-storage.html">
<a href="using-openebs-for-persistent-storage.html">
<b>5.6.4.1.</b>
使用 OpenEBS 做持久化存储
</a>
</li>
</ul>
</li>
<li class="chapter " data-level="5.6.5" data-path="rook.html">
<a href="rook.html">
<b>5.6.5.</b>
Rook
</a>
</li>
<li class="chapter " data-level="5.6.6" data-path="nfs.html">
<a href="nfs.html">
<b>5.6.6.</b>
NFS
</a>
<ul class="articles">
<li class="chapter " data-level="5.6.6.1" data-path="using-nfs-for-persistent-storage.html">
<a href="using-nfs-for-persistent-storage.html">
<b>5.6.6.1.</b>
利用 NFS 动态提供 Kubernetes 后端存储卷
</a>
</li>
</ul>
</li>
</ul>
</li>
<li class="chapter " data-level="5.7" data-path="monitoring.html">
<a href="monitoring.html">
<b>5.7.</b>
集群与应用监控
</a>
<ul class="articles">
<li class="chapter " data-level="5.7.1" data-path="heapster.html">
<a href="heapster.html">
<b>5.7.1.</b>
Heapster
</a>
<ul class="articles">
<li class="chapter " data-level="5.7.1.1" data-path="using-heapster-to-get-object-metrics.html">
<a href="using-heapster-to-get-object-metrics.html">
<b>5.7.1.1.</b>
使用 Heapster 获取集群和对象的 metric 数据
</a>
</li>
</ul>
</li>
<li class="chapter " data-level="5.7.2" data-path="prometheus.html">
<a href="prometheus.html">
<b>5.7.2.</b>
Prometheus
</a>
<ul class="articles">
<li class="chapter " data-level="5.7.2.1" data-path="using-prometheus-to-monitor-kuberentes-cluster.html">
<a href="using-prometheus-to-monitor-kuberentes-cluster.html">
<b>5.7.2.1.</b>
使用 Prometheus 监控 kubernetes 集群
</a>
</li>
<li class="chapter " data-level="5.7.2.2" data-path="promql.html">
<a href="promql.html">
<b>5.7.2.2.</b>
Prometheus 查询语言 PromQL 使用说明
</a>
</li>
</ul>
</li>
<li class="chapter " data-level="5.7.3" data-path="vistio-visualize-your-istio-mesh.html">
<a href="vistio-visualize-your-istio-mesh.html">
<b>5.7.3.</b>
使用 Vistio 监控 Istio 服务网格中的流量
</a>
</li>
</ul>
</li>
<li class="chapter " data-level="5.8" data-path="distributed-tracing.html">
<a href="distributed-tracing.html">
<b>5.8.</b>
分布式跟踪
</a>
<ul class="articles">
<li class="chapter " data-level="5.8.1" data-path="opentracing.html">
<a href="opentracing.html">
<b>5.8.1.</b>
OpenTracing
</a>
</li>
</ul>
</li>
<li class="chapter " data-level="5.9" data-path="services-management-tool.html">
<a href="services-management-tool.html">
<b>5.9.</b>
服务编排管理
</a>
<ul class="articles">
<li class="chapter " data-level="5.9.1" data-path="helm.html">
<a href="helm.html">
<b>5.9.1.</b>
使用 Helm 管理 Kubernetes 应用
</a>
</li>
<li class="chapter " data-level="5.9.2" data-path="create-private-charts-repo.html">
<a href="create-private-charts-repo.html">
<b>5.9.2.</b>
构建私有 Chart 仓库
</a>
</li>
</ul>
</li>
<li class="chapter " data-level="5.10" data-path="ci-cd.html">
<a href="ci-cd.html">
<b>5.10.</b>
持续集成与发布
</a>
<ul class="articles">
<li class="chapter " data-level="5.10.1" data-path="jenkins-ci-cd.html">
<a href="jenkins-ci-cd.html">
<b>5.10.1.</b>
使用 Jenkins 进行持续集成与发布
</a>
</li>
<li class="chapter " data-level="5.10.2" data-path="drone-ci-cd.html">
<a href="drone-ci-cd.html">
<b>5.10.2.</b>
使用 Drone 进行持续集成与发布
</a>
</li>
</ul>
</li>
<li class="chapter " data-level="5.11" data-path="update-and-upgrade.html">
<a href="update-and-upgrade.html">
<b>5.11.</b>
更新与升级
</a>
<ul class="articles">
<li class="chapter " data-level="5.11.1" data-path="manually-upgrade.html">
<a href="manually-upgrade.html">
<b>5.11.1.</b>
手动升级 Kubernetes 集群
</a>
</li>
<li class="chapter " data-level="5.11.2" data-path="dashboard-upgrade.html">
<a href="dashboard-upgrade.html">
<b>5.11.2.</b>
升级 dashboard
</a>
</li>
</ul>
</li>
<li class="chapter " data-level="5.12" data-path="controller-extended.html">
<a href="controller-extended.html">
<b>5.12.</b>
扩展控制器
</a>
<ul class="articles">
<li class="chapter " data-level="5.12.1" data-path="openkruise.html">
<a href="openkruise.html">
<b>5.12.1.</b>
OpenKruise
</a>
<ul class="articles">
<li class="chapter " data-level="5.12.1.1" data-path="in-place-update.html">
<a href="in-place-update.html">
<b>5.12.1.1.</b>
原地升级
</a>
</li>
</ul>
</li>
</ul>
</li>
<li class="header">领域应用</li>
<li class="chapter " data-level="6.1" data-path="../usecases/">
<a href="../usecases/">
<b>6.1.</b>
领域应用概览
</a>
</li>
<li class="chapter " data-level="6.2" data-path="../usecases/microservices.html">
<a href="../usecases/microservices.html">
<b>6.2.</b>
微服务架构
</a>
<ul class="articles">
<li class="chapter " data-level="6.2.1" data-path="../usecases/service-discovery-in-microservices.html">
<a href="../usecases/service-discovery-in-microservices.html">
<b>6.2.1.</b>
微服务中的服务发现
</a>
</li>
<li class="chapter " data-level="6.2.2" data-path="../usecases/microservices-for-java-developers.html">
<a href="../usecases/microservices-for-java-developers.html">
<b>6.2.2.</b>
使用 Java 构建微服务并发布到 Kubernetes 平台
</a>
<ul class="articles">
<li class="chapter " data-level="6.2.2.1" data-path="../usecases/spring-boot-quick-start-guide.html">
<a href="../usecases/spring-boot-quick-start-guide.html">
<b>6.2.2.1.</b>
Spring Boot 快速开始指南
</a>
</li>
</ul>
</li>
</ul>
</li>
<li class="chapter " data-level="6.3" data-path="../usecases/service-mesh.html">
<a href="../usecases/service-mesh.html">
<b>6.3.</b>
Service Mesh 服务网格
</a>
<ul class="articles">
<li class="chapter " data-level="6.3.1" data-path="../usecases/the-enterprise-path-to-service-mesh-architectures.html">
<a href="../usecases/the-enterprise-path-to-service-mesh-architectures.html">
<b>6.3.1.</b>
企业级服务网格架构
</a>
<ul class="articles">
<li class="chapter " data-level="6.3.1.1" data-path="../usecases/service-mesh-fundamental.html">
<a href="../usecases/service-mesh-fundamental.html">
<b>6.3.1.1.</b>
Service Mesh 基础
</a>
</li>
<li class="chapter " data-level="6.3.1.2" data-path="../usecases/comparing-service-mesh-technologies.html">
<a href="../usecases/comparing-service-mesh-technologies.html">
<b>6.3.1.2.</b>
Service Mesh 技术对比
</a>
</li>
<li class="chapter " data-level="6.3.1.3" data-path="../usecases/service-mesh-adoption-and-evolution.html">
<a href="../usecases/service-mesh-adoption-and-evolution.html">
<b>6.3.1.3.</b>
采纳和演进
</a>
</li>
<li class="chapter " data-level="6.3.1.4" data-path="../usecases/service-mesh-customization-and-integration.html">
<a href="../usecases/service-mesh-customization-and-integration.html">
<b>6.3.1.4.</b>
定制和集成
</a>
</li>
<li class="chapter " data-level="6.3.1.5" data-path="../usecases/service-mesh-conclusion.html">
<a href="../usecases/service-mesh-conclusion.html">
<b>6.3.1.5.</b>
总结
</a>
</li>
</ul>
</li>
<li class="chapter " data-level="6.3.2" data-path="../usecases/istio.html">
<a href="../usecases/istio.html">
<b>6.3.2.</b>
Istio
</a>
<ul class="articles">
<li class="chapter " data-level="6.3.2.1" data-path="../usecases/istio-installation.html">
<a href="../usecases/istio-installation.html">
<b>6.3.2.1.</b>
安装并试用 Istio service mesh
</a>
</li>
<li class="chapter " data-level="6.3.2.2" data-path="../usecases/sidecar-spec-in-istio.html">
<a href="../usecases/sidecar-spec-in-istio.html">
<b>6.3.2.2.</b>
Istio 中 sidecar 的注入规范及示例
</a>
</li>
<li class="chapter " data-level="6.3.2.3" data-path="../usecases/istio-community-tips.html">
<a href="../usecases/istio-community-tips.html">
<b>6.3.2.3.</b>
如何参与 Istio 社区及注意事项
</a>
</li>
<li class="chapter " data-level="6.3.2.4" data-path="../usecases/istio-tutorials-collection.html">
<a href="../usecases/istio-tutorials-collection.html">
<b>6.3.2.4.</b>
Istio 免费学习资源汇总
</a>
</li>
<li class="chapter " data-level="6.3.2.5" data-path="../usecases/understand-sidecar-injection-and-traffic-hijack-in-istio-service-mesh.html">
<a href="../usecases/understand-sidecar-injection-and-traffic-hijack-in-istio-service-mesh.html">
<b>6.3.2.5.</b>
Sidecar 的注入与流量劫持
</a>
</li>
<li class="chapter " data-level="6.3.2.6" data-path="../usecases/envoy-sidecar-routing-of-istio-service-mesh-deep-dive.html">
<a href="../usecases/envoy-sidecar-routing-of-istio-service-mesh-deep-dive.html">
<b>6.3.2.6.</b>
Envoy Sidecar 代理的路由转发
</a>
</li>
</ul>
</li>
<li class="chapter " data-level="6.3.3" data-path="../usecases/linkerd.html">
<a href="../usecases/linkerd.html">
<b>6.3.3.</b>
Linkerd
</a>
<ul class="articles">
<li class="chapter " data-level="6.3.3.1" data-path="../usecases/linkerd-user-guide.html">
<a href="../usecases/linkerd-user-guide.html">
<b>6.3.3.1.</b>
Linkerd 使用指南
</a>
</li>
</ul>
</li>
<li class="chapter " data-level="6.3.4" data-path="../usecases/conduit.html">
<a href="../usecases/conduit.html">
<b>6.3.4.</b>
Conduit
</a>
<ul class="articles">
<li class="chapter " data-level="6.3.4.1" data-path="../usecases/conduit-overview.html">
<a href="../usecases/conduit-overview.html">
<b>6.3.4.1.</b>
Condiut 概览
</a>
</li>
<li class="chapter " data-level="6.3.4.2" data-path="../usecases/conduit-installation.html">
<a href="../usecases/conduit-installation.html">
<b>6.3.4.2.</b>
安装 Conduit
</a>
</li>
</ul>
</li>
<li class="chapter " data-level="6.3.5" data-path="../usecases/envoy.html">
<a href="../usecases/envoy.html">
<b>6.3.5.</b>
Envoy
</a>
<ul class="articles">
<li class="chapter " data-level="6.3.5.1" data-path="../usecases/envoy-terminology.html">
<a href="../usecases/envoy-terminology.html">
<b>6.3.5.1.</b>
Envoy 的架构与基本术语
</a>
</li>
<li class="chapter " data-level="6.3.5.2" data-path="../usecases/envoy-front-proxy.html">
<a href="../usecases/envoy-front-proxy.html">
<b>6.3.5.2.</b>
Envoy 作为前端代理
</a>
</li>
<li class="chapter " data-level="6.3.5.3" data-path="../usecases/envoy-mesh-in-kubernetes-tutorial.html">
<a href="../usecases/envoy-mesh-in-kubernetes-tutorial.html">
<b>6.3.5.3.</b>
Envoy mesh 教程
</a>
</li>
</ul>
</li>
<li class="chapter " data-level="6.3.6" data-path="../usecases/mosn.html">
<a href="../usecases/mosn.html">
<b>6.3.6.</b>
MOSN
</a>
</li>
</ul>
</li>
<li class="chapter " data-level="6.4" data-path="../usecases/big-data.html">
<a href="../usecases/big-data.html">
<b>6.4.</b>
大数据
</a>
<ul class="articles">
<li class="chapter " data-level="6.4.1" data-path="../usecases/spark-standalone-on-kubernetes.html">
<a href="../usecases/spark-standalone-on-kubernetes.html">
<b>6.4.1.</b>
Spark standalone on Kubernetes
</a>
</li>
<li class="chapter " data-level="6.4.2" data-path="../usecases/running-spark-with-kubernetes-native-scheduler.html">
<a href="../usecases/running-spark-with-kubernetes-native-scheduler.html">
<b>6.4.2.</b>
运行支持 Kubernetes 原生调度的 Spark 程序
</a>
</li>
</ul>
</li>
<li class="chapter " data-level="6.5" data-path="../usecases/serverless.html">
<a href="../usecases/serverless.html">
<b>6.5.</b>
Serverless 架构
</a>
<ul class="articles">
<li class="chapter " data-level="6.5.1" data-path="../usecases/understanding-serverless.html">
<a href="../usecases/understanding-serverless.html">
<b>6.5.1.</b>
理解 Serverless
</a>
</li>
<li class="chapter " data-level="6.5.2" data-path="../usecases/faas.html">
<a href="../usecases/faas.html">
<b>6.5.2.</b>
FaaS函数即服务
</a>
<ul class="articles">
<li class="chapter " data-level="6.5.2.1" data-path="../usecases/openfaas-quick-start.html">
<a href="../usecases/openfaas-quick-start.html">
<b>6.5.2.1.</b>
OpenFaaS 快速入门指南
</a>
</li>
</ul>
</li>
<li class="chapter " data-level="6.5.3" data-path="../usecases/knative.html">
<a href="../usecases/knative.html">
<b>6.5.3.</b>
Knative
</a>
</li>
</ul>
</li>
<li class="chapter " data-level="6.6" data-path="../usecases/cloud-native-app-standard.html">
<a href="../usecases/cloud-native-app-standard.html">
<b>6.6.</b>
云原生应用标准
</a>
<ul class="articles">
<li class="chapter " data-level="6.6.1" data-path="../usecases/oam.html">
<a href="../usecases/oam.html">
<b>6.6.1.</b>
OAM开放应用模型
</a>
</li>
<li class="chapter " data-level="6.6.2" data-path="../usecases/crossplane.html">
<a href="../usecases/crossplane.html">
<b>6.6.2.</b>
Crossplane
</a>
</li>
</ul>
</li>
<li class="chapter " data-level="6.7" data-path="../usecases/edge-computing.html">
<a href="../usecases/edge-computing.html">
<b>6.7.</b>
边缘计算
</a>
</li>
<li class="chapter " data-level="6.8" data-path="../usecases/ai.html">
<a href="../usecases/ai.html">
<b>6.8.</b>
人工智能
</a>
</li>
<li class="header">开发指南</li>
<li class="chapter " data-level="7.1" data-path="../develop/">
<a href="../develop/">
<b>7.1.</b>
开发指南概览
</a>
</li>
<li class="chapter " data-level="7.2" data-path="../develop/sigs-and-working-group.html">
<a href="../develop/sigs-and-working-group.html">
<b>7.2.</b>
SIG 和工作组
</a>
</li>
<li class="chapter " data-level="7.3" data-path="../develop/developing-environment.html">
<a href="../develop/developing-environment.html">
<b>7.3.</b>
开发环境搭建
</a>
<ul class="articles">
<li class="chapter " data-level="7.3.1" data-path="../develop/using-vagrant-and-virtualbox-for-development.html">
<a href="../develop/using-vagrant-and-virtualbox-for-development.html">
<b>7.3.1.</b>
本地分布式开发环境搭建(使用 Vagrant 和 Virtualbox
</a>
</li>
</ul>
</li>
<li class="chapter " data-level="7.4" data-path="../develop/testing.html">
<a href="../develop/testing.html">
<b>7.4.</b>
单元测试和集成测试
</a>
</li>
<li class="chapter " data-level="7.5" data-path="../develop/client-go-sample.html">
<a href="../develop/client-go-sample.html">
<b>7.5.</b>
client-go 示例
</a>
</li>
<li class="chapter " data-level="7.6" data-path="../develop/operator.html">
<a href="../develop/operator.html">
<b>7.6.</b>
Operator
</a>
<ul class="articles">
<li class="chapter " data-level="7.6.1" data-path="../develop/operator-sdk.html">
<a href="../develop/operator-sdk.html">
<b>7.6.1.</b>
operator-sdk
</a>
</li>
</ul>
</li>
<li class="chapter " data-level="7.7" data-path="../develop/kubebuilder.html">
<a href="../develop/kubebuilder.html">
<b>7.7.</b>
kubebuilder
</a>
<ul class="articles">
<li class="chapter " data-level="7.7.1" data-path="../develop/kubebuilder-example.html">
<a href="../develop/kubebuilder-example.html">
<b>7.7.1.</b>
使用 kubebuilder 创建 operator 示例
</a>
</li>
</ul>
</li>
<li class="chapter " data-level="7.8" data-path="../develop/advance-developer.html">
<a href="../develop/advance-developer.html">
<b>7.8.</b>
高级开发指南
</a>
</li>
<li class="chapter " data-level="7.9" data-path="../develop/contribute.html">
<a href="../develop/contribute.html">
<b>7.9.</b>
社区贡献
</a>
</li>
<li class="chapter " data-level="7.10" data-path="../develop/minikube.html">
<a href="../develop/minikube.html">
<b>7.10.</b>
Minikube
</a>
</li>
<li class="header">CNCF云原生计算基金会</li>
<li class="chapter " data-level="8.1" data-path="../cloud-native/cncf.html">
<a href="../cloud-native/cncf.html">
<b>8.1.</b>
CNCF - 云原生计算基金会简介
</a>
</li>
<li class="chapter " data-level="8.2" data-path="../cloud-native/cncf-charter.html">
<a href="../cloud-native/cncf-charter.html">
<b>8.2.</b>
CNCF 章程
</a>
</li>
<li class="chapter " data-level="8.3" data-path="../cloud-native/cncf-sig.html">
<a href="../cloud-native/cncf-sig.html">
<b>8.3.</b>
CNCF 特别兴趣小组SIG说明
</a>
</li>
<li class="chapter " data-level="8.4" data-path="../cloud-native/cncf-sandbox-criteria.html">
<a href="../cloud-native/cncf-sandbox-criteria.html">
<b>8.4.</b>
开源项目加入 CNCF Sandbox 的要求
</a>
</li>
<li class="chapter " data-level="8.5" data-path="../cloud-native/cncf-project-governing.html">
<a href="../cloud-native/cncf-project-governing.html">
<b>8.5.</b>
CNCF 中的项目治理
</a>
</li>
<li class="chapter " data-level="8.6" data-path="../cloud-native/cncf-ambassador.html">
<a href="../cloud-native/cncf-ambassador.html">
<b>8.6.</b>
CNCF Ambassador
</a>
</li>
<li class="header">附录</li>
<li class="chapter " data-level="9.1" data-path="../appendix/">
<a href="../appendix/">
<b>9.1.</b>
附录说明
</a>
</li>
<li class="chapter " data-level="9.2" data-path="../appendix/debug-kubernetes-services.html">
<a href="../appendix/debug-kubernetes-services.html">
<b>9.2.</b>
Kubernetes 中的应用故障排查
</a>
</li>
<li class="chapter " data-level="9.3" data-path="../appendix/material-share.html">
<a href="../appendix/material-share.html">
<b>9.3.</b>
Kubernetes 相关资讯和情报链接
</a>
</li>
<li class="chapter " data-level="9.4" data-path="../appendix/docker-best-practice.html">
<a href="../appendix/docker-best-practice.html">
<b>9.4.</b>
Docker 最佳实践
</a>
</li>
<li class="chapter " data-level="9.5" data-path="../appendix/tricks.html">
<a href="../appendix/tricks.html">
<b>9.5.</b>
使用技巧
</a>
</li>
<li class="chapter " data-level="9.6" data-path="../appendix/issues.html">
<a href="../appendix/issues.html">
<b>9.6.</b>
问题记录
</a>
</li>
<li class="chapter " data-level="9.7" data-path="../appendix/kubernetes-changelog.html">
<a href="../appendix/kubernetes-changelog.html">
<b>9.7.</b>
Kubernetes 版本更新日志
</a>
<ul class="articles">
<li class="chapter " data-level="9.7.1" data-path="../appendix/kubernetes-1.7-changelog.html">
<a href="../appendix/kubernetes-1.7-changelog.html">
<b>9.7.1.</b>
Kubernetes1.7 更新日志
</a>
</li>
<li class="chapter " data-level="9.7.2" data-path="../appendix/kubernetes-1.8-changelog.html">
<a href="../appendix/kubernetes-1.8-changelog.html">
<b>9.7.2.</b>
Kubernetes1.8 更新日志
</a>
</li>
<li class="chapter " data-level="9.7.3" data-path="../appendix/kubernetes-1.9-changelog.html">
<a href="../appendix/kubernetes-1.9-changelog.html">
<b>9.7.3.</b>
Kubernetes1.9 更新日志
</a>
</li>
<li class="chapter " data-level="9.7.4" data-path="../appendix/kubernetes-1.10-changelog.html">
<a href="../appendix/kubernetes-1.10-changelog.html">
<b>9.7.4.</b>
Kubernetes1.10 更新日志
</a>
</li>
<li class="chapter " data-level="9.7.5" data-path="../appendix/kubernetes-1.11-changelog.html">
<a href="../appendix/kubernetes-1.11-changelog.html">
<b>9.7.5.</b>
Kubernetes1.11 更新日志
</a>
</li>
<li class="chapter " data-level="9.7.6" data-path="../appendix/kubernetes-1.12-changelog.html">
<a href="../appendix/kubernetes-1.12-changelog.html">
<b>9.7.6.</b>
Kubernetes1.12 更新日志
</a>
</li>
<li class="chapter " data-level="9.7.7" data-path="../appendix/kubernetes-1.13-changelog.html">
<a href="../appendix/kubernetes-1.13-changelog.html">
<b>9.7.7.</b>
Kubernetes1.13 更新日志
</a>
</li>
<li class="chapter " data-level="9.7.8" data-path="../appendix/kubernetes-1.14-changelog.html">
<a href="../appendix/kubernetes-1.14-changelog.html">
<b>9.7.8.</b>
Kubernetes1.14 更新日志
</a>
</li>
<li class="chapter " data-level="9.7.9" data-path="../appendix/kubernetes-1.15-changelog.html">
<a href="../appendix/kubernetes-1.15-changelog.html">
<b>9.7.9.</b>
Kubernetes1.15 更新日志
</a>
</li>
</ul>
</li>
<li class="chapter " data-level="9.8" data-path="../appendix/summary-and-outlook.html">
<a href="../appendix/summary-and-outlook.html">
<b>9.8.</b>
Kubernetes 及云原生年度总结及展望
</a>
<ul class="articles">
<li class="chapter " data-level="9.8.1" data-path="../appendix/kubernetes-and-cloud-native-summary-in-2017-and-outlook-for-2018.html">
<a href="../appendix/kubernetes-and-cloud-native-summary-in-2017-and-outlook-for-2018.html">
<b>9.8.1.</b>
Kubernetes 与云原生 2017 年年终总结及 2018 年展望
</a>
</li>
<li class="chapter " data-level="9.8.2" data-path="../appendix/kubernetes-and-cloud-native-summary-in-2018-and-outlook-for-2019.html">
<a href="../appendix/kubernetes-and-cloud-native-summary-in-2018-and-outlook-for-2019.html">
<b>9.8.2.</b>
Kubernetes 与云原生 2018 年年终总结及 2019 年展望
</a>
</li>
</ul>
</li>
<li class="chapter " data-level="9.9" data-path="../appendix/cncf-annual-report.html">
<a href="../appendix/cncf-annual-report.html">
<b>9.9.</b>
CNCF 年度报告解读
</a>
<ul class="articles">
<li class="chapter " data-level="9.9.1" data-path="../appendix/cncf-annual-report-2018.html">
<a href="../appendix/cncf-annual-report-2018.html">
<b>9.9.1.</b>
CNCF 2018 年年度报告解读
</a>
</li>
</ul>
</li>
<li class="chapter " data-level="9.10" data-path="../appendix/about-kcsp.html">
<a href="../appendix/about-kcsp.html">
<b>9.10.</b>
Kubernetes 认证服务提供商KCSP说明
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<b>9.11.</b>
认证 Kubernetes 管理员CKA说明
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<h1 id="master&#x8282;&#x70B9;&#x9AD8;&#x53EF;&#x7528;">Master&#x8282;&#x70B9;&#x9AD8;&#x53EF;&#x7528;</h1>
<p>&#x4F5C;&#x8005;&#xFF1A;<a href="https://github.com/mendickxiao" target="_blank">mendickxiao</a></p>
<p>&#x7ECF;&#x8FC7;&#x90E8;&#x7F72;Kubernetes&#x96C6;&#x7FA4;&#x7AE0;&#x8282;&#x6211;&#x4EEC;&#x5DF2;&#x7ECF;&#x53EF;&#x4EE5;&#x987A;&#x5229;&#x7684;&#x90E8;&#x7F72;&#x4E00;&#x4E2A;&#x96C6;&#x7FA4;&#x7528;&#x4E8E;&#x5F00;&#x53D1;&#x548C;&#x6D4B;&#x8BD5;&#xFF0C;&#x4F46;&#x662F;&#x8981;&#x5E94;&#x7528;&#x5230;&#x751F;&#x4EA7;&#x5C31;&#x5C31;&#x4E0D;&#x5F97;&#x4E0D;&#x8003;&#x8651;master&#x8282;&#x70B9;&#x7684;&#x9AD8;&#x53EF;&#x7528;&#x95EE;&#x9898;&#xFF0C;&#x56E0;&#x4E3A;&#x73B0;&#x5728;&#x6211;&#x4EEC;&#x7684;master&#x8282;&#x70B9;&#x4E0A;&#x7684;&#x51E0;&#x4E2A;&#x670D;&#x52A1;<code>kube-apiserver</code>&#x3001;<code>kube-scheduler</code>&#x548C;<code>kube-controller-manager</code>&#x90FD;&#x662F;&#x5355;&#x70B9;&#x7684;&#x800C;&#x4E14;&#x90FD;&#x4F4D;&#x4E8E;&#x540C;&#x4E00;&#x4E2A;&#x8282;&#x70B9;&#x4E0A;&#xFF0C;&#x4E00;&#x65E6;master&#x8282;&#x70B9;&#x5B95;&#x673A;&#xFF0C;&#x867D;&#x7136;&#x4E0D;&#x5E94;&#x7B54;&#x5F53;&#x524D;&#x6B63;&#x5728;&#x8FD0;&#x884C;&#x7684;&#x5E94;&#x7528;&#xFF0C;&#x5C06;&#x5BFC;&#x81F4;kubernetes&#x96C6;&#x7FA4;&#x65E0;&#x6CD5;&#x53D8;&#x66F4;&#x3002;&#x672C;&#x6587;&#x5C06;&#x5F15;&#x5BFC;&#x4F60;&#x521B;&#x5EFA;&#x4E00;&#x4E2A;&#x9AD8;&#x53EF;&#x7528;&#x7684;master&#x8282;&#x70B9;&#x3002;</p>
<p>&#x5728;&#x5927;&#x795E;gzmzj&#x7684;ansible&#x521B;&#x5EFA;kubernetes&#x96C6;&#x7FA4;&#x795E;&#x4F5C;&#x4E2D;&#x6709;&#x8BB2;&#x5230;&#x5982;&#x4F55;&#x914D;&#x7F6E;&#x591A;&#x4E2A;Master&#xFF0C;&#x4F46;&#x662F;&#x5728;&#x5B9E;&#x8DF5;&#x8FC7;&#x7A0B;&#x4E2D;&#x8FD8;&#x662F;&#x9047;&#x5230;&#x4E0D;&#x5C11;&#x5751;&#x3002;&#x9700;&#x8981;&#x5C06;&#x5751;&#x586B;&#x4E0A;&#x624D;&#x80FD;&#x5DE5;&#x4F5C;&#x3002;
&#x795E;&#x4F5C;&#x94FE;&#x63A5;&#x5730;&#x5740;&#xFF1A;<a href="https://github.com/mendickxiao/kubeasz/blob/master/docs/00-%E9%9B%86%E7%BE%A4%E8%A7%84%E5%88%92%E5%92%8C%E5%9F%BA%E7%A1%80%E5%8F%82%E6%95%B0%E8%AE%BE%E5%AE%9A.md" target="_blank">&#x96C6;&#x7FA4;&#x89C4;&#x5212;&#x548C;&#x57FA;&#x7840;&#x53C2;&#x6570;&#x8BBE;&#x5B9A;</a>&#x3002;</p>
<p>&#x6309;&#x7167;&#x795E;&#x4F5C;&#x7684;&#x63CF;&#x8FF0;&#xFF0C;&#x5B9E;&#x9645;&#x4E0A;&#x662F;&#x901A;&#x8FC7;keepalived + haproxy&#x5B9E;&#x73B0;&#x7684;&#xFF0C;&#x5176;&#x4E2D;keepalived&#x662F;&#x63D0;&#x4F9B;&#x4E00;&#x4E2A;VIP&#xFF0C;&#x901A;&#x8FC7;VIP&#x5173;&#x8054;&#x6240;&#x6709;&#x7684;Master&#x8282;&#x70B9;&#xFF1B;&#x7136;&#x540E;haproxy&#x63D0;&#x4F9B;&#x7AEF;&#x53E3;&#x8F6C;&#x53D1;&#x529F;&#x80FD;&#x3002;&#x7531;&#x4E8E;VIP&#x8FD8;&#x662F;&#x5B58;&#x5728;Master&#x7684;&#x673A;&#x5668;&#x4E0A;&#x7684;&#xFF0C;&#x9ED8;&#x8BA4;&#x914D;&#x7F6E;API Server&#x7684;&#x7AEF;&#x53E3;&#x662F;6443&#xFF0C;&#x6240;&#x4EE5;&#x6211;&#x4EEC;&#x9700;&#x8981;&#x5C06;&#x53E6;&#x5916;&#x4E00;&#x4E2A;&#x7AEF;&#x53E3;&#x5173;&#x8054;&#x5230;&#x8FD9;&#x4E2A;VIP&#x4E0A;&#xFF0C;&#x4E00;&#x822C;&#x7528;8443&#x3002;</p>
<figure id="fig5.5.1.1"><a href="../images/master-ha.JPG" data-lightbox="d9618151-aeea-4976-92cc-7f712e91f41c" data-title="Master HA&#x67B6;&#x6784;&#x56FE;"><img src="../images/master-ha.JPG" alt="Master HA&#x67B6;&#x6784;&#x56FE;"></a><figcaption>&#x56FE; 5.5.1.1&#xFF1A;Master HA&#x67B6;&#x6784;&#x56FE;</figcaption></figure>
<p>&#x6839;&#x636E;&#x795E;&#x4F5C;&#x7684;&#x5B9E;&#x8DF5;&#xFF0C;&#x6211;&#x53D1;&#x73B0;&#x9700;&#x8981;&#x5728;Master&#x624B;&#x5DE5;&#x5B89;&#x88C5;keepalived, haproxy&#x3002;</p>
<pre class="language-"><code class="lang-bash">yum <span class="token function">install</span> keepalived
yum <span class="token function">install</span> haproxy
</code></pre>
<p>&#x9700;&#x8981;&#x5C06;HAProxy&#x9ED8;&#x8BA4;&#x7684;&#x914D;&#x7F6E;&#x6587;&#x4EF6;balance&#x4ECE;source&#x4FEE;&#x6539;&#x4E3A;<code>roundrobin</code>&#x65B9;&#x5F0F;&#x3002;haproxy&#x7684;&#x914D;&#x7F6E;&#x6587;&#x4EF6;<code>haproxy.cfg</code>&#x9ED8;&#x8BA4;&#x8DEF;&#x5F84;&#x662F;<code>/etc/haproxy/haproxy.cfg</code>&#x3002;&#x53E6;&#x5916;&#x9700;&#x8981;&#x624B;&#x5DE5;&#x521B;&#x5EFA;<code>/run/haproxy</code>&#x7684;&#x76EE;&#x5F55;&#xFF0C;&#x5426;&#x5219;haproxy&#x4F1A;&#x542F;&#x52A8;&#x5931;&#x8D25;&#x3002;</p>
<p><strong>&#x6CE8;&#x610F;</strong></p>
<ul>
<li>bind&#x7ED1;&#x5B9A;&#x7684;&#x5C31;&#x662F;VIP&#x5BF9;&#x5916;&#x7684;&#x7AEF;&#x53E3;&#x53F7;&#xFF0C;&#x8FD9;&#x91CC;&#x662F;8443&#x3002;</li>
</ul>
<ul>
<li>balance&#x6307;&#x5B9A;&#x7684;&#x8D1F;&#x8F7D;&#x5747;&#x8861;&#x65B9;&#x5F0F;&#x662F;<code>roundrobin</code>&#x65B9;&#x5F0F;&#xFF0C;&#x9ED8;&#x8BA4;&#x662F;source&#x65B9;&#x5F0F;&#x3002;&#x5728;&#x6211;&#x7684;&#x6D4B;&#x8BD5;&#x4E2D;&#xFF0C;source&#x65B9;&#x5F0F;&#x4E0D;&#x5DE5;&#x4F5C;&#x3002;</li>
<li>server&#x6307;&#x5B9A;&#x7684;&#x5C31;&#x662F;&#x5B9E;&#x9645;&#x7684;Master&#x8282;&#x70B9;&#x5730;&#x5740;&#x4EE5;&#x53CA;&#x771F;&#x6B63;&#x5DE5;&#x4F5C;&#x7684;&#x7AEF;&#x53E3;&#x53F7;&#xFF0C;&#x8FD9;&#x91CC;&#x662F;6443&#x3002;&#x6709;&#x591A;&#x5C11;&#x53F0;Master&#x5C31;&#x5199;&#x591A;&#x5C11;&#x6761;&#x8BB0;&#x5F55;&#x3002;</li>
</ul>
<pre class="language-"><code class="lang-ini"><span class="token comment"># haproxy.cfg sample</span>
global
log /dev/log local0
log /dev/log local1 notice
chroot /var/lib/haproxy
*stats socket /run/haproxy/admin.sock mode 660 level admin
stats timeout 30s
user haproxy
group haproxy
daemon
nbproc 1
defaults
log global
timeout connect 5000
timeout client 50000
timeout server 50000
listen kube-master
**bind 0.0.0.0:8443**
mode tcp
option tcplog
**balance roundrobin**
server s1 **Master 1&#x7684;IP&#x5730;&#x5740;**:6443 check inter 10000 fall 2 rise 2 weight 1
server s2 **Master 2&#x7684;IP&#x5730;&#x5740;**:6443 check inter 10000 fall 2 rise 2 weight 1
</code></pre>
<p>&#x4FEE;&#x6539;keepalived&#x7684;&#x914D;&#x7F6E;&#x6587;&#x4EF6;&#xFF0C;&#x914D;&#x7F6E;&#x6B63;&#x786E;&#x7684;VIP&#x3002;keepalived&#x7684;&#x914D;&#x7F6E;&#x6587;&#x4EF6;<code>keepalived.conf</code>&#x7684;&#x9ED8;&#x8BA4;&#x8DEF;&#x5F84;&#x662F;<code>/etc/keepalived/keepalived.conf</code></p>
<p><strong>&#x6CE8;&#x610F;</strong></p>
<ul>
<li>priority&#x51B3;&#x5B9A;&#x54EA;&#x4E2A;Master&#x662F;&#x4E3B;&#xFF0C;&#x54EA;&#x4E2A;Master&#x662F;&#x6B21;&#x3002;&#x6570;&#x5B57;&#x5927;&#x7684;&#x662F;&#x4E3B;&#xFF0C;&#x6570;&#x5B57;&#x5C0F;&#x7684;&#x662F;&#x6B21;&#x3002;&#x6570;&#x5B57;&#x8D8A;&#x5927;&#x4F18;&#x5148;&#x7EA7;&#x8D8A;&#x9AD8;&#x3002;</li>
<li><code>virtual_router_id</code>&#x51B3;&#x5B9A;&#x5F53;&#x524D;VIP&#x7684;&#x8DEF;&#x7531;&#x53F7;&#xFF0C;&#x5B9E;&#x9645;&#x4E0A;VIP&#x63D0;&#x4F9B;&#x4E86;&#x4E00;&#x4E2A;&#x865A;&#x62DF;&#x7684;&#x8DEF;&#x7531;&#x529F;&#x80FD;&#xFF0C;&#x8BE5;VIP&#x5728;&#x540C;&#x4E00;&#x4E2A;&#x5B50;&#x7F51;&#x5185;&#x5FC5;&#x987B;&#x662F;&#x552F;&#x4E00;&#x3002;</li>
<li>virtual_ipaddress&#x63D0;&#x4F9B;&#x7684;&#x5C31;&#x662F;VIP&#x7684;&#x5730;&#x5740;&#xFF0C;&#x8BE5;&#x5730;&#x5740;&#x5728;&#x5B50;&#x7F51;&#x5185;&#x5FC5;&#x987B;&#x662F;&#x7A7A;&#x95F2;&#x672A;&#x5FC5;&#x5206;&#x914D;&#x7684;&#x3002;</li>
<li><code>state</code> &#x51B3;&#x5B9A;&#x521D;&#x59CB;&#x5316;&#x65F6;&#x8282;&#x70B9;&#x7684;&#x72B6;&#x6001;, &#x5EFA;&#x8BAE; <code>priority</code> &#x6700;&#x9AD8;&#x7684;&#x8282;&#x70B9;&#x8BBE;&#x7F6E;&#x4E3A; <code>MASTER</code>&#x3002;</li>
</ul>
<pre class="language-"><code class="lang-ini"><span class="token comment"># keepalived.cfg sample</span>
global_defs {
router_id lb-backup
}
vrrp_instance VI-kube-master {
state BACKUP
**priority 110**
dont_track_primary
interface eth0
**virtual_router_id 51**
advert_int 3
virtual_ipaddress {
**10.86.13.36**
}
}
</code></pre>
<p>&#x914D;&#x7F6E;&#x597D;&#x540E;&#xFF0C;&#x90A3;&#x4E48;&#x5148;&#x542F;&#x52A8;&#x4E3B;Master&#x7684;keepalived&#x548C;haproxy&#x3002;</p>
<pre class="language-"><code class="lang-bash">systemctl <span class="token builtin class-name">enable</span> keepalived
systemctl start keepalived
systemctl <span class="token builtin class-name">enable</span> haproxy
systemctl start haproxy
</code></pre>
<p>&#x7136;&#x540E;&#x4F7F;&#x7528;ip a s&#x547D;&#x4EE4;&#x67E5;&#x770B;&#x662F;&#x5426;&#x6709;VIP&#x5730;&#x5740;&#x5206;&#x914D;&#x3002;&#x5982;&#x679C;&#x770B;&#x5230;VIP&#x5730;&#x5740;&#x5DF2;&#x7ECF;&#x6210;&#x529F;&#x5206;&#x914D;&#x5728;eth0&#x7F51;&#x5361;&#x4E0A;&#xFF0C;&#x8BF4;&#x660E;keepalived&#x542F;&#x52A8;&#x6210;&#x529F;&#x3002;</p>
<pre class="language-"><code class="lang-bash"><span class="token punctuation">[</span>root@kube32 ~<span class="token punctuation">]</span><span class="token comment"># ip a s</span>
<span class="token number">1</span>: lo: <span class="token operator">&lt;</span>LOOPBACK,UP,LOWER_UP<span class="token operator">&gt;</span> mtu <span class="token number">65536</span> qdisc noqueue state UNKNOWN qlen <span class="token number">1</span>
link/loopback 00:00:00:00:00:00 brd 00:00:00:00:00:00
inet <span class="token number">127.0</span>.0.1/8 scope <span class="token function">host</span> lo
valid_lft forever preferred_lft forever
inet6 ::1/128 scope <span class="token function">host</span>
valid_lft forever preferred_lft forever
<span class="token number">2</span>: eth0: <span class="token operator">&lt;</span>BROADCAST,MULTICAST,UP,LOWER_UP<span class="token operator">&gt;</span> mtu <span class="token number">1500</span> qdisc mq state UP qlen <span class="token number">1000</span>
link/ether 00:50:56:a9:d5:be brd ff:ff:ff:ff:ff:ff
inet <span class="token number">10.86</span>.13.32/23 brd <span class="token number">10.86</span>.13.255 scope global eth0
valid_lft forever preferred_lft forever
**inet <span class="token number">10.86</span>.13.36/32 scope global eth0**
valid_lft forever preferred_lft forever
inet6 fe80::250:56ff:fea9:d5be/64 scope <span class="token function">link</span>
valid_lft forever preferred_lft forever
</code></pre>
<p>&#x66F4;&#x4FDD;&#x9669;&#x65B9;&#x6CD5;&#x8FD8;&#x53EF;&#x4EE5;&#x901A;&#x8FC7;<code>systemctl status keepalived -l</code>&#x770B;&#x770B;keepalived&#x7684;&#x72B6;&#x6001;</p>
<pre class="language-"><code class="lang-bash"><span class="token punctuation">[</span>root@kube32 ~<span class="token punctuation">]</span><span class="token comment"># systemctl status keepalived -l</span>
&#x25CF; keepalived.service - LVS and VRRP High Availability Monitor
Loaded: loaded <span class="token punctuation">(</span>/usr/lib/systemd/system/keepalived.service<span class="token punctuation">;</span> enabled<span class="token punctuation">;</span> vendor preset: disabled<span class="token punctuation">)</span>
Active: active <span class="token punctuation">(</span>running<span class="token punctuation">)</span> since Thu <span class="token number">2018</span>-02-01 <span class="token number">10</span>:24:51 CST<span class="token punctuation">;</span> <span class="token number">1</span> months <span class="token number">16</span> days ago
Main PID: <span class="token number">13448</span> <span class="token punctuation">(</span>keepalived<span class="token punctuation">)</span>
Memory: <span class="token number">6</span>.0M
CGroup: /system.slice/keepalived.service
&#x251C;&#x2500;13448 /usr/sbin/keepalived -D
&#x251C;&#x2500;13449 /usr/sbin/keepalived -D
&#x2514;&#x2500;13450 /usr/sbin/keepalived -D
Mar <span class="token number">20</span> 04:51:15 kube32 Keepalived_vrrp<span class="token punctuation">[</span><span class="token number">13450</span><span class="token punctuation">]</span>: VRRP_Instance<span class="token punctuation">(</span>VI-kube-master<span class="token punctuation">)</span> Dropping received VRRP packet<span class="token punctuation">..</span>.
**Mar <span class="token number">20</span> 04:51:18 kube32 Keepalived_vrrp<span class="token punctuation">[</span><span class="token number">13450</span><span class="token punctuation">]</span>: <span class="token punctuation">(</span>VI-kube-master<span class="token punctuation">)</span>: <span class="token function">ip</span> address associated with VRID <span class="token number">51</span> not present <span class="token keyword">in</span> MASTER advert <span class="token builtin class-name">:</span> <span class="token number">10.86</span>.13.36
Mar <span class="token number">20</span> 04:51:18 kube32 Keepalived_vrrp<span class="token punctuation">[</span><span class="token number">13450</span><span class="token punctuation">]</span>: bogus VRRP packet received on eth0 <span class="token operator">!</span><span class="token operator">!</span><span class="token operator">!</span>**
</code></pre>
<p>&#x7136;&#x540E;&#x901A;&#x8FC7;systemctl status haproxy -l&#x770B;haproxy&#x7684;&#x72B6;&#x6001;</p>
<pre class="language-"><code class="lang-bash"><span class="token punctuation">[</span>root@kube32 ~<span class="token punctuation">]</span><span class="token comment"># systemctl status haproxy -l</span>
&#x25CF; haproxy.service - HAProxy Load Balancer
Loaded: loaded <span class="token punctuation">(</span>/usr/lib/systemd/system/haproxy.service<span class="token punctuation">;</span> enabled<span class="token punctuation">;</span> vendor preset: disabled<span class="token punctuation">)</span>
Active: active <span class="token punctuation">(</span>running<span class="token punctuation">)</span> since Thu <span class="token number">2018</span>-02-01 <span class="token number">10</span>:33:22 CST<span class="token punctuation">;</span> <span class="token number">1</span> months <span class="token number">16</span> days ago
Main PID: <span class="token number">15116</span> <span class="token punctuation">(</span>haproxy-systemd<span class="token punctuation">)</span>
Memory: <span class="token number">3</span>.2M
CGroup: /system.slice/haproxy.service
&#x251C;&#x2500;15116 /usr/sbin/haproxy-systemd-wrapper -f /etc/haproxy/haproxy.cfg -p /run/haproxy.pid
&#x251C;&#x2500;15117 /usr/sbin/haproxy -f /etc/haproxy/haproxy.cfg -p /run/haproxy.pid -Ds
&#x2514;&#x2500;15118 /usr/sbin/haproxy -f /etc/haproxy/haproxy.cfg -p /run/haproxy.pid -Ds
</code></pre>
<p>&#x8FD9;&#x4E2A;&#x65F6;&#x5019;&#x901A;&#x8FC7;kubectl version&#x547D;&#x4EE4;&#xFF0C;&#x53EF;&#x4EE5;&#x83B7;&#x53D6;&#x5230;kubectl&#x7684;&#x670D;&#x52A1;&#x5668;&#x4FE1;&#x606F;&#x3002;</p>
<pre class="language-"><code class="lang-bash"><span class="token punctuation">[</span>root@kube32 ~<span class="token punctuation">]</span><span class="token comment"># kubectl version</span>
**Client Version: version.Info<span class="token punctuation">{</span>Major:<span class="token string">&quot;1&quot;</span>, Minor:<span class="token string">&quot;9&quot;</span>, GitVersion:<span class="token string">&quot;v1.9.1&quot;</span>, GitCommit:<span class="token string">&quot;3a1c9449a956b6026f075fa3134ff92f7d55f812&quot;</span>, GitTreeState:<span class="token string">&quot;clean&quot;</span>, BuildDate:<span class="token string">&quot;2018-01-03T22:31:01Z&quot;</span>, GoVersion:<span class="token string">&quot;go1.9.2&quot;</span>, Compiler:<span class="token string">&quot;gc&quot;</span>, Platform:<span class="token string">&quot;linux/amd64&quot;</span><span class="token punctuation">}</span>
Server Version: version.Info<span class="token punctuation">{</span>Major:<span class="token string">&quot;1&quot;</span>, Minor:<span class="token string">&quot;9&quot;</span>, GitVersion:<span class="token string">&quot;v1.9.1&quot;</span>, GitCommit:<span class="token string">&quot;3a1c9449a956b6026f075fa3134ff92f7d55f812&quot;</span>, GitTreeState:<span class="token string">&quot;clean&quot;</span>, BuildDate:<span class="token string">&quot;2018-01-03T22:18:41Z&quot;</span>, GoVersion:<span class="token string">&quot;go1.9.2&quot;</span>, Compiler:<span class="token string">&quot;gc&quot;</span>, Platform:<span class="token string">&quot;linux/amd64&quot;</span><span class="token punctuation">}</span>**
</code></pre>
<p>&#x8FD9;&#x4E2A;&#x65F6;&#x5019;&#x8BF4;&#x660E;&#x4F60;&#x7684;keepalived&#x548C;haproxy&#x90FD;&#x662F;&#x6210;&#x529F;&#x7684;&#x3002;&#x8FD9;&#x4E2A;&#x65F6;&#x5019;&#x4F60;&#x53EF;&#x4EE5;&#x4F9D;&#x6B21;&#x5C06;&#x4F60;&#x5176;&#x4ED6;Master&#x8282;&#x70B9;&#x7684;keepalived&#x548C;haproxy&#x542F;&#x52A8;&#x3002;
&#x6B64;&#x65F6;&#xFF0C;&#x4F60;&#x901A;&#x8FC7;ip a s&#x547D;&#x4EE4;&#x53BB;&#x67E5;&#x770B;&#x5176;&#x4E2D;&#x4E00;&#x53F0;Master&#xFF08;<em>&#x975E;&#x4E3B;Master</em>&#xFF09;&#x7684;&#x65F6;&#x5019;&#xFF0C;&#x4F60;&#x770B;&#x4E0D;&#x5230;VIP&#xFF0C;&#x8FD9;&#x4E2A;&#x662F;&#x6B63;&#x5E38;&#x7684;&#xFF0C;&#x56E0;&#x4E3A;VIP&#x6C38;&#x8FDC;&#x53EA;&#x5728;&#x4E3B;Master&#x8282;&#x70B9;&#x4E0A;&#xFF0C;&#x53EA;&#x6709;&#x5F53;&#x4E3B;Master&#x8282;&#x70B9;&#x6302;&#x6389;&#x540E;&#xFF0C;&#x624D;&#x4F1A;&#x5207;&#x6362;&#x5230;&#x5176;&#x4ED6;Master&#x8282;&#x70B9;&#x4E0A;&#x3002;</p>
<pre class="language-"><code class="lang-bash"><span class="token punctuation">[</span>root@kube31 ~<span class="token punctuation">]</span><span class="token comment"># ip a s</span>
<span class="token number">1</span>: lo: <span class="token operator">&lt;</span>LOOPBACK,UP,LOWER_UP<span class="token operator">&gt;</span> mtu <span class="token number">65536</span> qdisc noqueue state UNKNOWN qlen <span class="token number">1</span>
link/loopback 00:00:00:00:00:00 brd 00:00:00:00:00:00
inet <span class="token number">127.0</span>.0.1/8 scope <span class="token function">host</span> lo
valid_lft forever preferred_lft forever
inet6 ::1/128 scope <span class="token function">host</span>
valid_lft forever preferred_lft forever
<span class="token number">2</span>: eth0: <span class="token operator">&lt;</span>BROADCAST,MULTICAST,UP,LOWER_UP<span class="token operator">&gt;</span> mtu <span class="token number">1500</span> qdisc mq state UP qlen <span class="token number">1000</span>
link/ether 00:50:56:a9:07:23 brd ff:ff:ff:ff:ff:ff
inet <span class="token number">10.86</span>.13.31/23 brd <span class="token number">10.86</span>.13.255 scope global eth0
valid_lft forever preferred_lft forever
inet6 fe80::250:56ff:fea9:723/64 scope <span class="token function">link</span>
valid_lft forever preferred_lft forever
</code></pre>
<p>&#x5728;&#x6211;&#x7684;&#x5B9E;&#x8DF5;&#x8FC7;&#x7A0B;&#x4E2D;&#xFF0C;&#x901A;&#x8FC7;&#x5927;&#x795E;&#x7684;&#x811A;&#x672C;&#x5FEB;&#x901F;&#x542F;&#x52A8;&#x591A;&#x4E2A;Master&#x8282;&#x70B9;&#xFF0C;&#x4F1A;&#x5BFC;&#x81F4;&#x4E3B;Master&#x59CB;&#x7EC8;&#x83B7;&#x53D6;&#x4E0D;&#x4E86;VIP&#xFF0C;&#x5F53;&#x65F6;&#x7684;&#x62A5;&#x9519;&#x975E;&#x5E38;&#x5947;&#x602A;&#x3002;&#x540E;&#x6765;&#x7ECF;&#x8FC7;&#x6211;&#x7684;&#x7814;&#x7A76;&#x53D1;&#x73B0;&#xFF0C;&#x4E3B;Master&#x83B7;&#x53D6;VIP&#x662F;&#x9700;&#x8981;&#x65F6;&#x95F4;&#x7684;&#xFF0C;&#x5982;&#x679C;&#x591A;&#x4E2A;Master&#x540C;&#x65F6;&#x542F;&#x52A8;&#xFF0C;&#x4F1A;&#x5BFC;&#x81F4;&#x51B2;&#x7A81;&#x3002;&#x8FD9;&#x4E2A;&#x4E0D;&#x77E5;&#x9053;&#x662F;&#x5426;&#x7B97;&#x662F;Keepalived&#x7684;Bug&#x3002;&#x4F46;&#x662F;&#x6700;&#x7A33;&#x59A5;&#x7684;&#x65B9;&#x5F0F;&#x8FD8;&#x662F;&#x5148;&#x542F;&#x52A8;&#x4E00;&#x53F0;&#x4E3B;Master&#xFF0C;&#x7B49;VIP&#x786E;&#x5B9A;&#x540E;&#x518D;&#x542F;&#x52A8;&#x5176;&#x4ED6;Master&#x6BD4;&#x8F83;&#x9760;&#x8C31;&#x3002;</p>
<p>Kubernetes&#x901A;&#x8FC7;Keepalived + Haproxy&#x5B9E;&#x73B0;&#x591A;&#x4E2A;Master&#x7684;&#x9AD8;&#x53EF;&#x7528;&#x90E8;&#x7F72;&#xFF0C;&#x4F60;&#x5B9E;&#x9645;&#x4E0A;&#x53EF;&#x4EE5;&#x91C7;&#x7528;&#x5176;&#x4ED6;&#x65B9;&#x5F0F;&#xFF0C;&#x5982;&#x5916;&#x90E8;&#x7684;&#x8D1F;&#x8F7D;&#x5747;&#x8861;&#x65B9;&#x5F0F;&#x3002;&#x5B9E;&#x9645;&#x4E0A;Kubernetes&#x7684;&#x591A;&#x4E2A;Master&#x662F;&#x6CA1;&#x6709;&#x4E3B;&#x4ECE;&#x7684;&#xFF0C;&#x90FD;&#x53EF;&#x4EE5;&#x63D0;&#x4F9B;&#x4E00;&#x81F4;&#x6027;&#x670D;&#x52A1;&#x3002;Keepalived + Haproxy&#x5B9E;&#x9645;&#x4E0A;&#x5C31;&#x662F;&#x63D0;&#x4F9B;&#x4E86;&#x4E00;&#x4E2A;&#x7B80;&#x5355;&#x7684;&#x8D1F;&#x8F7D;&#x5747;&#x8861;&#x65B9;&#x5F0F;&#x3002;</p>
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