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< title > CNCF 2018 年年度报告解读 · Kubernetes Handbook - Kubernetes中文指南/云原生应用架构实践手册 by Jimmy Song(宋净超)< / title >
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< a href = "https://jimmysong.io" target = "_blank" class = "custom-link" > 回到主页< / a >
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< a href = "https://jimmysong.io/awesome-cloud-native" target = "_blank" class = "custom-link" > Awesome Cloud Native< / a >
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< a href = "https://cloudnative.to" target = "_blank" class = "custom-link" > 云原生社区< / a >
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< a href = "https://cloudnativeindustryalliance.github.io/whitepaper2020/" target = "_blank" class = "custom-link" > 中国云原生发展白皮书2020< / a >
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< a href = "https://jimmysong.io/guide-to-cloud-native-app/" target = "_blank" class = "custom-link" > 云原生应用白皮书< / a >
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< li class = "divider" > < / li >
< li class = "header" > 前言< / li >
< li class = "chapter " data-level = "1.1" data-path = "../" >
< a href = "../" >
< b > 1.1.< / b >
序言
< / a >
< / li >
< li class = "header" > 云原生< / li >
< li class = "chapter " data-level = "2.1" data-path = "../cloud-native/cloud-native-definition.html" >
< a href = "../cloud-native/cloud-native-definition.html" >
< b > 2.1.< / b >
云原生（ ）
< / a >
< / li >
< li class = "chapter " data-level = "2.2" data-path = "../cloud-native/cloud-native-philosophy.html" >
< a href = "../cloud-native/cloud-native-philosophy.html" >
< b > 2.2.< / b >
云原生的设计哲学
< / a >
< / li >
< li class = "chapter " data-level = "2.3" data-path = "../cloud-native/play-with-kubernetes.html" >
< a href = "../cloud-native/play-with-kubernetes.html" >
< b > 2.3.< / b >
Play with Kubernetes
< / a >
< / li >
< li class = "chapter " data-level = "2.4" data-path = "../cloud-native/cloud-native-local-quick-start.html" >
< a href = "../cloud-native/cloud-native-local-quick-start.html" >
< b > 2.4.< / b >
快速部署一个云原生本地实验环境
< / a >
< / li >
< li class = "chapter " data-level = "2.5" data-path = "../cloud-native/setup-kubernetes-with-rancher-and-aliyun.html" >
< a href = "../cloud-native/setup-kubernetes-with-rancher-and-aliyun.html" >
< b > 2.5.< / b >
使用 Rancher 在阿里云上部署 Kubenretes 集群
< / a >
< / li >
< li class = "chapter " data-level = "2.6" data-path = "../cloud-native/kubernetes-and-cloud-native-app-overview.html" >
< a href = "../cloud-native/kubernetes-and-cloud-native-app-overview.html" >
< b > 2.6.< / b >
Kubernetes 与云原生应用概览
< / a >
< / li >
< li class = "chapter " data-level = "2.7" data-path = "../cloud-native/from-kubernetes-to-cloud-native.html" >
< a href = "../cloud-native/from-kubernetes-to-cloud-native.html" >
< b > 2.7.< / b >
云原生应用之路 —— 从 Kubernetes 到 Cloud Native
< / a >
< / li >
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< li class = "chapter " data-level = "2.8" data-path = "../cloud-native/define-cloud-native-app.html" >
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< a href = "../cloud-native/define-cloud-native-app.html" >
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< b > 2.8.< / b >
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定义云原生应用
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< / a >
< ul class = "articles" >
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< li class = "chapter " data-level = "2.8.1" data-path = "../cloud-native/oam.html" >
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< a href = "../cloud-native/oam.html" >
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< b > 2.8.1.< / b >
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OAM
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< / a >
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< ul class = "articles" >
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< li class = "chapter " data-level = "2.8.1.1" data-path = "../cloud-native/workload.html" >
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< a href = "../cloud-native/workload.html" >
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< b > 2.8.1.1.< / b >
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Workload
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< / a >
< / li >
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< li class = "chapter " data-level = "2.8.1.2" data-path = "../cloud-native/component.html" >
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< b > 2.8.1.2.< / b >
Component
< / a >
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< / li >
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< li class = "chapter " data-level = "2.8.1.3" data-path = "../cloud-native/trait.html" >
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< a href = "../cloud-native/trait.html" >
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< b > 2.8.1.3.< / b >
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Trait
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< / a >
< / li >
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< li class = "chapter " data-level = "2.8.1.4" data-path = "../cloud-native/application-scope.html" >
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< a href = "../cloud-native/application-scope.html" >
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< b > 2.8.1.4.< / b >
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Application Scope
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< / a >
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< / li >
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< li class = "chapter " data-level = "2.8.1.5" data-path = "../cloud-native/application-configuration.html" >
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< a href = "../cloud-native/application-configuration.html" >
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< b > 2.8.1.5.< / b >
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Application Configuration
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< / li >
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< / li >
< li class = "chapter " data-level = "2.8.2" data-path = "../cloud-native/crossplane.html" >
< a href = "../cloud-native/crossplane.html" >
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< b > 2.8.2.< / b >
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Crossplane
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< / li >
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< / li >
< li class = "chapter " data-level = "2.9" data-path = "../cloud-native/cloud-native-programming-languages.html" >
< a href = "../cloud-native/cloud-native-programming-languages.html" >
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< b > 2.9.< / b >
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云原生编程语言
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< / a >
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< ul class = "articles" >
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< li class = "chapter " data-level = "2.9.1" data-path = "../cloud-native/cloud-native-programming-language-ballerina.html" >
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< a href = "../cloud-native/cloud-native-programming-language-ballerina.html" >
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< b > 2.9.1.< / b >
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云原生编程语言 Ballerina
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< / a >
< / li >
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< li class = "chapter " data-level = "2.9.2" data-path = "../cloud-native/cloud-native-programming-language-pulumi.html" >
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< a href = "../cloud-native/cloud-native-programming-language-pulumi.html" >
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< b > 2.9.2.< / b >
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云原生编程语言 Pulumi
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< / a >
< / li >
< / ul >
< / li >
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< li class = "chapter " data-level = "2.10" data-path = "../cloud-native/the-future-of-cloud-native.html" >
< a href = "../cloud-native/the-future-of-cloud-native.html" >
< b > 2.10.< / b >
云原生的未来
< / a >
< / li >
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< li class = "header" > 概念与原理< / li >
< li class = "chapter " data-level = "3.1" data-path = "../concepts/" >
< a href = "../concepts/" >
< b > 3.1.< / b >
Kubernetes 架构
< / a >
< ul class = "articles" >
< li class = "chapter " data-level = "3.1.1" data-path = "../concepts/concepts.html" >
< a href = "../concepts/concepts.html" >
< b > 3.1.1.< / b >
设计理念
< / a >
< / li >
< li class = "chapter " data-level = "3.1.2" data-path = "../concepts/etcd.html" >
< a href = "../concepts/etcd.html" >
< b > 3.1.2.< / b >
Etcd 解析
< / a >
< / li >
< li class = "chapter " data-level = "3.1.3" data-path = "../concepts/open-interfaces.html" >
< a href = "../concepts/open-interfaces.html" >
< b > 3.1.3.< / b >
开放接口
< / a >
< ul class = "articles" >
< li class = "chapter " data-level = "3.1.3.1" data-path = "../concepts/cri.html" >
< a href = "../concepts/cri.html" >
< b > 3.1.3.1.< / b >
CRI - Container Runtime Interface（ ）
< / a >
< / li >
< li class = "chapter " data-level = "3.1.3.2" data-path = "../concepts/cni.html" >
< a href = "../concepts/cni.html" >
< b > 3.1.3.2.< / b >
CNI - Container Network Interface（ ）
< / a >
< / li >
< li class = "chapter " data-level = "3.1.3.3" data-path = "../concepts/csi.html" >
< a href = "../concepts/csi.html" >
< b > 3.1.3.3.< / b >
CSI - Container Storage Interface（ ）
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< / ul >
< / li >
< / ul >
< / li >
< li class = "chapter " data-level = "3.2" data-path = "../concepts/networking.html" >
< a href = "../concepts/networking.html" >
< b > 3.2.< / b >
Kubernetes 中的网络
< / a >
< ul class = "articles" >
< li class = "chapter " data-level = "3.2.1" data-path = "../concepts/flannel.html" >
< a href = "../concepts/flannel.html" >
< b > 3.2.1.< / b >
Kubernetes 中的网络解析 —— 以 flannel 为例
< / a >
< / li >
< li class = "chapter " data-level = "3.2.2" data-path = "../concepts/calico.html" >
< a href = "../concepts/calico.html" >
< b > 3.2.2.< / b >
Kubernetes 中的网络解析 —— 以 calico 为例
< / a >
< / li >
< li class = "chapter " data-level = "3.2.3" data-path = "../concepts/cilium.html" >
< a href = "../concepts/cilium.html" >
< b > 3.2.3.< / b >
具备 API 感知的网络和安全性管理开源软件 Cilium
< / a >
< ul class = "articles" >
< li class = "chapter " data-level = "3.2.3.1" data-path = "../concepts/cilium-concepts.html" >
< a href = "../concepts/cilium-concepts.html" >
< b > 3.2.3.1.< / b >
Cilium 架构设计与概念解析
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< / ul >
< / li >
< / ul >
< / li >
< li class = "chapter " data-level = "3.3" data-path = "../concepts/objects.html" >
< a href = "../concepts/objects.html" >
< b > 3.3.< / b >
资源对象与基本概念解析
< / a >
< / li >
< li class = "chapter " data-level = "3.4" data-path = "../concepts/pod-state-and-lifecycle.html" >
< a href = "../concepts/pod-state-and-lifecycle.html" >
< b > 3.4.< / b >
Pod 状态与生命周期管理
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< ul class = "articles" >
< li class = "chapter " data-level = "3.4.1" data-path = "../concepts/pod-overview.html" >
< a href = "../concepts/pod-overview.html" >
< b > 3.4.1.< / b >
Pod 概览
< / a >
< / li >
< li class = "chapter " data-level = "3.4.2" data-path = "../concepts/pod.html" >
< a href = "../concepts/pod.html" >
< b > 3.4.2.< / b >
Pod 解析
< / a >
< / li >
< li class = "chapter " data-level = "3.4.3" data-path = "../concepts/init-containers.html" >
< a href = "../concepts/init-containers.html" >
< b > 3.4.3.< / b >
Init 容器
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< / li >
< li class = "chapter " data-level = "3.4.4" data-path = "../concepts/pause-container.html" >
< a href = "../concepts/pause-container.html" >
< b > 3.4.4.< / b >
Pause 容器
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< / li >
< li class = "chapter " data-level = "3.4.5" data-path = "../concepts/pod-security-policy.html" >
< a href = "../concepts/pod-security-policy.html" >
< b > 3.4.5.< / b >
Pod 安全策略
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< / li >
< li class = "chapter " data-level = "3.4.6" data-path = "../concepts/pod-lifecycle.html" >
< a href = "../concepts/pod-lifecycle.html" >
< b > 3.4.6.< / b >
Pod 的生命周期
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< / li >
< li class = "chapter " data-level = "3.4.7" data-path = "../concepts/pod-hook.html" >
< a href = "../concepts/pod-hook.html" >
< b > 3.4.7.< / b >
Pod Hook
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< li class = "chapter " data-level = "3.4.8" data-path = "../concepts/pod-preset.html" >
< a href = "../concepts/pod-preset.html" >
< b > 3.4.8.< / b >
Pod Preset
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< / li >
< li class = "chapter " data-level = "3.4.9" data-path = "../concepts/pod-disruption-budget.html" >
< a href = "../concepts/pod-disruption-budget.html" >
< b > 3.4.9.< / b >
Pod 中断与 PDB（
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< li class = "chapter " data-level = "3.5" data-path = "../concepts/cluster.html" >
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< b > 3.5.< / b >
集群资源管理
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< li class = "chapter " data-level = "3.5.1" data-path = "../concepts/node.html" >
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< b > 3.5.1.< / b >
Node
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< li class = "chapter " data-level = "3.5.2" data-path = "../concepts/namespace.html" >
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< b > 3.5.2.< / b >
Namespace
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< li class = "chapter " data-level = "3.5.3" data-path = "../concepts/label.html" >
< a href = "../concepts/label.html" >
< b > 3.5.3.< / b >
Label
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< li class = "chapter " data-level = "3.5.4" data-path = "../concepts/annotation.html" >
< a href = "../concepts/annotation.html" >
< b > 3.5.4.< / b >
Annotation
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< li class = "chapter " data-level = "3.5.5" data-path = "../concepts/taint-and-toleration.html" >
< a href = "../concepts/taint-and-toleration.html" >
< b > 3.5.5.< / b >
Taint 和 Toleration（ ）
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< li class = "chapter " data-level = "3.5.6" data-path = "../concepts/garbage-collection.html" >
< a href = "../concepts/garbage-collection.html" >
< b > 3.5.6.< / b >
垃圾收集
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< li class = "chapter " data-level = "3.6" data-path = "../concepts/controllers.html" >
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< b > 3.6.< / b >
控制器
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< b > 3.6.1.< / b >
Deployment
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< li class = "chapter " data-level = "3.6.2" data-path = "../concepts/statefulset.html" >
< a href = "../concepts/statefulset.html" >
< b > 3.6.2.< / b >
StatefulSet
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< li class = "chapter " data-level = "3.6.3" data-path = "../concepts/daemonset.html" >
< a href = "../concepts/daemonset.html" >
< b > 3.6.3.< / b >
DaemonSet
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< li class = "chapter " data-level = "3.6.4" data-path = "../concepts/replicaset.html" >
< a href = "../concepts/replicaset.html" >
< b > 3.6.4.< / b >
ReplicationController 和 ReplicaSet
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< li class = "chapter " data-level = "3.6.5" data-path = "../concepts/job.html" >
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< b > 3.6.5.< / b >
Job
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< b > 3.6.6.< / b >
CronJob
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< li class = "chapter " data-level = "3.6.7" data-path = "../concepts/horizontal-pod-autoscaling.html" >
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< b > 3.6.7.< / b >
Horizontal Pod Autoscaling
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< li class = "chapter " data-level = "3.6.7.1" data-path = "../concepts/custom-metrics-hpa.html" >
< a href = "../concepts/custom-metrics-hpa.html" >
< b > 3.6.7.1.< / b >
自定义指标 HPA
< / a >
< / li >
< / ul >
< / li >
< li class = "chapter " data-level = "3.6.8" data-path = "../concepts/admission-controller.html" >
< a href = "../concepts/admission-controller.html" >
< b > 3.6.8.< / b >
准入控制器（ ）
< / a >
< / li >
< / ul >
< / li >
< li class = "chapter " data-level = "3.7" data-path = "../concepts/service-discovery.html" >
< a href = "../concepts/service-discovery.html" >
< b > 3.7.< / b >
服务发现
< / a >
< ul class = "articles" >
< li class = "chapter " data-level = "3.7.1" data-path = "../concepts/service.html" >
< a href = "../concepts/service.html" >
< b > 3.7.1.< / b >
Service
< / a >
< / li >
< li class = "chapter " data-level = "3.7.2" data-path = "../concepts/ingress.html" >
< a href = "../concepts/ingress.html" >
< b > 3.7.2.< / b >
Ingress
< / a >
< ul class = "articles" >
< li class = "chapter " data-level = "3.7.2.1" data-path = "../concepts/traefik-ingress-controller.html" >
< a href = "../concepts/traefik-ingress-controller.html" >
< b > 3.7.2.1.< / b >
Traefik Ingress Controller
< / a >
< / li >
< / ul >
< / li >
< / ul >
< / li >
< li class = "chapter " data-level = "3.8" data-path = "../concepts/authentication-and-permission.html" >
< a href = "../concepts/authentication-and-permission.html" >
< b > 3.8.< / b >
身份与权限控制
< / a >
< ul class = "articles" >
< li class = "chapter " data-level = "3.8.1" data-path = "../concepts/serviceaccount.html" >
< a href = "../concepts/serviceaccount.html" >
< b > 3.8.1.< / b >
ServiceAccount
< / a >
< / li >
< li class = "chapter " data-level = "3.8.2" data-path = "../concepts/rbac.html" >
< a href = "../concepts/rbac.html" >
< b > 3.8.2.< / b >
RBAC—— 基于角色的访问控制
< / a >
< / li >
< li class = "chapter " data-level = "3.8.3" data-path = "../concepts/network-policy.html" >
< a href = "../concepts/network-policy.html" >
< b > 3.8.3.< / b >
NetworkPolicy
< / a >
< / li >
< / ul >
< / li >
< li class = "chapter " data-level = "3.9" data-path = "../concepts/storage.html" >
< a href = "../concepts/storage.html" >
< b > 3.9.< / b >
存储
< / a >
< ul class = "articles" >
< li class = "chapter " data-level = "3.9.1" data-path = "../concepts/secret.html" >
< a href = "../concepts/secret.html" >
< b > 3.9.1.< / b >
Secret
< / a >
< / li >
< li class = "chapter " data-level = "3.9.2" data-path = "../concepts/configmap.html" >
< a href = "../concepts/configmap.html" >
< b > 3.9.2.< / b >
ConfigMap
< / a >
< ul class = "articles" >
< li class = "chapter " data-level = "3.9.2.1" data-path = "../concepts/configmap-hot-update.html" >
< a href = "../concepts/configmap-hot-update.html" >
< b > 3.9.2.1.< / b >
ConfigMap 的热更新
< / a >
< / li >
< / ul >
< / li >
< li class = "chapter " data-level = "3.9.3" data-path = "../concepts/volume.html" >
< a href = "../concepts/volume.html" >
< b > 3.9.3.< / b >
Volume
< / a >
< / li >
< li class = "chapter " data-level = "3.9.4" data-path = "../concepts/persistent-volume.html" >
< a href = "../concepts/persistent-volume.html" >
< b > 3.9.4.< / b >
Persistent Volume（ ）
< / a >
< / li >
< li class = "chapter " data-level = "3.9.5" data-path = "../concepts/storageclass.html" >
< a href = "../concepts/storageclass.html" >
< b > 3.9.5.< / b >
Storage Class
< / a >
< / li >
< li class = "chapter " data-level = "3.9.6" data-path = "../concepts/local-persistent-storage.html" >
< a href = "../concepts/local-persistent-storage.html" >
< b > 3.9.6.< / b >
本地持久化存储
< / a >
< / li >
< / ul >
< / li >
< li class = "chapter " data-level = "3.10" data-path = "../concepts/extension.html" >
< a href = "../concepts/extension.html" >
< b > 3.10.< / b >
集群扩展
< / a >
< ul class = "articles" >
< li class = "chapter " data-level = "3.10.1" data-path = "../concepts/custom-resource.html" >
< a href = "../concepts/custom-resource.html" >
< b > 3.10.1.< / b >
使用自定义资源扩展 API
< / a >
< / li >
< li class = "chapter " data-level = "3.10.2" data-path = "../concepts/crd.html" >
< a href = "../concepts/crd.html" >
< b > 3.10.2.< / b >
使用 CRD 扩展 Kubernetes API
< / a >
< / li >
< li class = "chapter " data-level = "3.10.3" data-path = "../concepts/aggregated-api-server.html" >
< a href = "../concepts/aggregated-api-server.html" >
< b > 3.10.3.< / b >
Aggregated API Server
< / a >
< / li >
< li class = "chapter " data-level = "3.10.4" data-path = "../concepts/apiservice.html" >
< a href = "../concepts/apiservice.html" >
< b > 3.10.4.< / b >
APIService
< / a >
< / li >
< li class = "chapter " data-level = "3.10.5" data-path = "../concepts/service-catalog.html" >
< a href = "../concepts/service-catalog.html" >
< b > 3.10.5.< / b >
Service Catalog
< / a >
< / li >
< / ul >
< / li >
< li class = "chapter " data-level = "3.11" data-path = "../concepts/scheduling.html" >
< a href = "../concepts/scheduling.html" >
< b > 3.11.< / b >
资源调度
< / a >
< ul class = "articles" >
< li class = "chapter " data-level = "3.11.1" data-path = "../concepts/qos.html" >
< a href = "../concepts/qos.html" >
< b > 3.11.1.< / b >
QoS（ ）
< / a >
< / li >
< / ul >
< / li >
< li class = "header" > 用户指南< / li >
< li class = "chapter " data-level = "4.1" data-path = "../guide/" >
< a href = "../guide/" >
< b > 4.1.< / b >
用户指南
< / a >
< / li >
< li class = "chapter " data-level = "4.2" data-path = "../guide/resource-configuration.html" >
< a href = "../guide/resource-configuration.html" >
< b > 4.2.< / b >
资源对象配置
< / a >
< ul class = "articles" >
< li class = "chapter " data-level = "4.2.1" data-path = "../guide/configure-liveness-readiness-probes.html" >
< a href = "../guide/configure-liveness-readiness-probes.html" >
< b > 4.2.1.< / b >
配置 Pod 的 liveness 和 readiness 探针
< / a >
< / li >
< li class = "chapter " data-level = "4.2.2" data-path = "../guide/configure-pod-service-account.html" >
< a href = "../guide/configure-pod-service-account.html" >
< b > 4.2.2.< / b >
配置 Pod 的 Service Account
< / a >
< / li >
< li class = "chapter " data-level = "4.2.3" data-path = "../guide/secret-configuration.html" >
< a href = "../guide/secret-configuration.html" >
< b > 4.2.3.< / b >
Secret 配置
< / a >
< / li >
< li class = "chapter " data-level = "4.2.4" data-path = "../guide/resource-quota-management.html" >
< a href = "../guide/resource-quota-management.html" >
< b > 4.2.4.< / b >
管理 namespace 中的资源配额
< / a >
< / li >
< / ul >
< / li >
< li class = "chapter " data-level = "4.3" data-path = "../guide/command-usage.html" >
< a href = "../guide/command-usage.html" >
< b > 4.3.< / b >
命令使用
< / a >
< ul class = "articles" >
< li class = "chapter " data-level = "4.3.1" data-path = "../guide/docker-cli-to-kubectl.html" >
< a href = "../guide/docker-cli-to-kubectl.html" >
< b > 4.3.1.< / b >
Docker 用户过渡到 kubectl 命令行指南
< / a >
< / li >
< li class = "chapter " data-level = "4.3.2" data-path = "../guide/using-kubectl.html" >
< a href = "../guide/using-kubectl.html" >
< b > 4.3.2.< / b >
kubectl 命令概览
< / a >
< / li >
< li class = "chapter " data-level = "4.3.3" data-path = "../guide/kubectl-cheatsheet.html" >
< a href = "../guide/kubectl-cheatsheet.html" >
< b > 4.3.3.< / b >
kubectl 命令技巧大全
< / a >
< / li >
< li class = "chapter " data-level = "4.3.4" data-path = "../guide/using-etcdctl-to-access-kubernetes-data.html" >
< a href = "../guide/using-etcdctl-to-access-kubernetes-data.html" >
< b > 4.3.4.< / b >
使用 etcdctl 访问 kubernetes 数据
< / a >
< / li >
< / ul >
< / li >
< li class = "chapter " data-level = "4.4" data-path = "../guide/cluster-security-management.html" >
< a href = "../guide/cluster-security-management.html" >
< b > 4.4.< / b >
集群安全性管理
< / a >
< ul class = "articles" >
< li class = "chapter " data-level = "4.4.1" data-path = "../guide/managing-tls-in-a-cluster.html" >
< a href = "../guide/managing-tls-in-a-cluster.html" >
< b > 4.4.1.< / b >
管理集群中的 TLS
< / a >
< / li >
< li class = "chapter " data-level = "4.4.2" data-path = "../guide/kubelet-authentication-authorization.html" >
< a href = "../guide/kubelet-authentication-authorization.html" >
< b > 4.4.2.< / b >
kubelet 的认证授权
< / a >
< / li >
< li class = "chapter " data-level = "4.4.3" data-path = "../guide/tls-bootstrapping.html" >
< a href = "../guide/tls-bootstrapping.html" >
< b > 4.4.3.< / b >
TLS bootstrap
< / a >
< / li >
< li class = "chapter " data-level = "4.4.4" data-path = "../guide/kubectl-user-authentication-authorization.html" >
< a href = "../guide/kubectl-user-authentication-authorization.html" >
< b > 4.4.4.< / b >
创建用户认证授权的 kubeconfig 文件
< / a >
< / li >
< li class = "chapter " data-level = "4.4.5" data-path = "../guide/ip-masq-agent.html" >
< a href = "../guide/ip-masq-agent.html" >
< b > 4.4.5.< / b >
IP 伪装代理
< / a >
< / li >
< li class = "chapter " data-level = "4.4.6" data-path = "../guide/auth-with-kubeconfig-or-token.html" >
< a href = "../guide/auth-with-kubeconfig-or-token.html" >
< b > 4.4.6.< / b >
使用 kubeconfig 或 token 进行用户身份认证
< / a >
< / li >
< li class = "chapter " data-level = "4.4.7" data-path = "../guide/authentication.html" >
< a href = "../guide/authentication.html" >
< b > 4.4.7.< / b >
Kubernetes 中的用户与身份认证授权
< / a >
< / li >
< li class = "chapter " data-level = "4.4.8" data-path = "../guide/kubernetes-security-best-practice.html" >
< a href = "../guide/kubernetes-security-best-practice.html" >
< b > 4.4.8.< / b >
Kubernetes 集群安全性配置最佳实践
< / a >
< / li >
< / ul >
< / li >
< li class = "chapter " data-level = "4.5" data-path = "../guide/access-kubernetes-cluster.html" >
< a href = "../guide/access-kubernetes-cluster.html" >
< b > 4.5.< / b >
访问 Kubernetes 集群
< / a >
< ul class = "articles" >
< li class = "chapter " data-level = "4.5.1" data-path = "../guide/access-cluster.html" >
< a href = "../guide/access-cluster.html" >
< b > 4.5.1.< / b >
访问集群
< / a >
< / li >
< li class = "chapter " data-level = "4.5.2" data-path = "../guide/authenticate-across-clusters-kubeconfig.html" >
< a href = "../guide/authenticate-across-clusters-kubeconfig.html" >
< b > 4.5.2.< / b >
使用 kubeconfig 文件配置跨集群认证
< / a >
< / li >
< li class = "chapter " data-level = "4.5.3" data-path = "../guide/connecting-to-applications-port-forward.html" >
< a href = "../guide/connecting-to-applications-port-forward.html" >
< b > 4.5.3.< / b >
通过端口转发访问集群中的应用程序
< / a >
< / li >
< li class = "chapter " data-level = "4.5.4" data-path = "../guide/service-access-application-cluster.html" >
< a href = "../guide/service-access-application-cluster.html" >
< b > 4.5.4.< / b >
使用 service 访问群集中的应用程序
< / a >
< / li >
< li class = "chapter " data-level = "4.5.5" data-path = "../guide/accessing-kubernetes-pods-from-outside-of-the-cluster.html" >
< a href = "../guide/accessing-kubernetes-pods-from-outside-of-the-cluster.html" >
< b > 4.5.5.< / b >
从外部访问 Kubernetes 中的 Pod
< / a >
< / li >
< li class = "chapter " data-level = "4.5.6" data-path = "../guide/cabin-mobile-dashboard-for-kubernetes.html" >
< a href = "../guide/cabin-mobile-dashboard-for-kubernetes.html" >
< b > 4.5.6.< / b >
Cabin - Kubernetes 手机客户端
< / a >
< / li >
< li class = "chapter " data-level = "4.5.7" data-path = "../guide/kubernetes-desktop-client.html" >
< a href = "../guide/kubernetes-desktop-client.html" >
< b > 4.5.7.< / b >
2020-06-29 12:32:43 +08:00
Lens - Kubernetes IDE/桌面客户端
2020-06-19 14:52:56 +08:00
< / a >
< / li >
< li class = "chapter " data-level = "4.5.8" data-path = "../guide/kubernator-kubernetes-ui.html" >
< a href = "../guide/kubernator-kubernetes-ui.html" >
< b > 4.5.8.< / b >
Kubernator - 更底层的 Kubernetes UI
< / a >
< / li >
< / ul >
< / li >
< li class = "chapter " data-level = "4.6" data-path = "../guide/application-development-deployment-flow.html" >
< a href = "../guide/application-development-deployment-flow.html" >
< b > 4.6.< / b >
在 Kubernetes 中开发部署应用
< / a >
< ul class = "articles" >
< li class = "chapter " data-level = "4.6.1" data-path = "../guide/deploy-applications-in-kubernetes.html" >
< a href = "../guide/deploy-applications-in-kubernetes.html" >
< b > 4.6.1.< / b >
适用于 kubernetes 的应用开发部署流程
< / a >
< / li >
< li class = "chapter " data-level = "4.6.2" data-path = "../guide/migrating-hadoop-yarn-to-kubernetes.html" >
< a href = "../guide/migrating-hadoop-yarn-to-kubernetes.html" >
< b > 4.6.2.< / b >
迁移传统应用到 Kubernetes 中 —— 以 Hadoop YARN 为例
< / a >
< / li >
< li class = "chapter " data-level = "4.6.3" data-path = "../guide/using-statefulset.html" >
< a href = "../guide/using-statefulset.html" >
< b > 4.6.3.< / b >
使用 StatefulSet 部署用状态应用
< / a >
< / li >
< / ul >
< / li >
< li class = "header" > 最佳实践< / li >
< li class = "chapter " data-level = "5.1" data-path = "../practice/" >
< a href = "../practice/" >
< b > 5.1.< / b >
最佳实践概览
< / a >
< / li >
< li class = "chapter " data-level = "5.2" data-path = "../practice/install-kubernetes-on-centos.html" >
< a href = "../practice/install-kubernetes-on-centos.html" >
< b > 5.2.< / b >
在 CentOS 上部署 Kubernetes 集群
< / a >
< ul class = "articles" >
< li class = "chapter " data-level = "5.2.1" data-path = "../practice/create-tls-and-secret-key.html" >
< a href = "../practice/create-tls-and-secret-key.html" >
< b > 5.2.1.< / b >
创建 TLS 证书和秘钥
< / a >
< / li >
< li class = "chapter " data-level = "5.2.2" data-path = "../practice/create-kubeconfig.html" >
< a href = "../practice/create-kubeconfig.html" >
< b > 5.2.2.< / b >
创建 kubeconfig 文件
< / a >
< / li >
< li class = "chapter " data-level = "5.2.3" data-path = "../practice/etcd-cluster-installation.html" >
< a href = "../practice/etcd-cluster-installation.html" >
< b > 5.2.3.< / b >
创建高可用 etcd 集群
< / a >
< / li >
< li class = "chapter " data-level = "5.2.4" data-path = "../practice/kubectl-installation.html" >
< a href = "../practice/kubectl-installation.html" >
< b > 5.2.4.< / b >
安装 kubectl 命令行工具
< / a >
< / li >
< li class = "chapter " data-level = "5.2.5" data-path = "../practice/master-installation.html" >
< a href = "../practice/master-installation.html" >
< b > 5.2.5.< / b >
部署 master 节点
< / a >
< / li >
< li class = "chapter " data-level = "5.2.6" data-path = "../practice/flannel-installation.html" >
< a href = "../practice/flannel-installation.html" >
< b > 5.2.6.< / b >
安装 flannel 网络插件
< / a >
< / li >
< li class = "chapter " data-level = "5.2.7" data-path = "../practice/node-installation.html" >
< a href = "../practice/node-installation.html" >
< b > 5.2.7.< / b >
部署 node 节点
< / a >
< / li >
< li class = "chapter " data-level = "5.2.8" data-path = "../practice/kubedns-addon-installation.html" >
< a href = "../practice/kubedns-addon-installation.html" >
< b > 5.2.8.< / b >
安装 kubedns 插件
< / a >
< / li >
< li class = "chapter " data-level = "5.2.9" data-path = "../practice/dashboard-addon-installation.html" >
< a href = "../practice/dashboard-addon-installation.html" >
< b > 5.2.9.< / b >
安装 dashboard 插件
< / a >
< / li >
< li class = "chapter " data-level = "5.2.10" data-path = "../practice/heapster-addon-installation.html" >
< a href = "../practice/heapster-addon-installation.html" >
< b > 5.2.10.< / b >
安装 heapster 插件
< / a >
< / li >
< li class = "chapter " data-level = "5.2.11" data-path = "../practice/efk-addon-installation.html" >
< a href = "../practice/efk-addon-installation.html" >
< b > 5.2.11.< / b >
安装 EFK 插件
< / a >
< / li >
< / ul >
< / li >
< li class = "chapter " data-level = "5.3" data-path = "../practice/install-kubernetes-with-kubeadm.html" >
< a href = "../practice/install-kubernetes-with-kubeadm.html" >
< b > 5.3.< / b >
生产级的 Kubernetes 简化管理工具 kubeadm
< / a >
< ul class = "articles" >
< li class = "chapter " data-level = "5.3.1" data-path = "../practice/install-kubernetes-on-ubuntu-server-16.04-with-kubeadm.html" >
< a href = "../practice/install-kubernetes-on-ubuntu-server-16.04-with-kubeadm.html" >
< b > 5.3.1.< / b >
使用 kubeadm 在 Ubuntu Server 16.04 上快速构建测试集群
< / a >
< / li >
< / ul >
< / li >
< li class = "chapter " data-level = "5.4" data-path = "../practice/service-discovery-and-loadbalancing.html" >
< a href = "../practice/service-discovery-and-loadbalancing.html" >
< b > 5.4.< / b >
服务发现与负载均衡
< / a >
< ul class = "articles" >
< li class = "chapter " data-level = "5.4.1" data-path = "../practice/traefik-ingress-installation.html" >
< a href = "../practice/traefik-ingress-installation.html" >
< b > 5.4.1.< / b >
安装 Traefik ingress
< / a >
< / li >
< li class = "chapter " data-level = "5.4.2" data-path = "../practice/distributed-load-test.html" >
< a href = "../practice/distributed-load-test.html" >
< b > 5.4.2.< / b >
分布式负载测试
< / a >
< / li >
< li class = "chapter " data-level = "5.4.3" data-path = "../practice/network-and-cluster-perfermance-test.html" >
< a href = "../practice/network-and-cluster-perfermance-test.html" >
< b > 5.4.3.< / b >
网络和集群性能测试
< / a >
< / li >
< li class = "chapter " data-level = "5.4.4" data-path = "../practice/edge-node-configuration.html" >
< a href = "../practice/edge-node-configuration.html" >
< b > 5.4.4.< / b >
边缘节点配置
< / a >
< / li >
< li class = "chapter " data-level = "5.4.5" data-path = "../practice/nginx-ingress-installation.html" >
< a href = "../practice/nginx-ingress-installation.html" >
< b > 5.4.5.< / b >
安装 Nginx ingress
< / a >
< / li >
< li class = "chapter " data-level = "5.4.6" data-path = "../practice/dns-installation.html" >
< a href = "../practice/dns-installation.html" >
< b > 5.4.6.< / b >
安装配置 DNS
< / a >
< ul class = "articles" >
< li class = "chapter " data-level = "5.4.6.1" data-path = "../practice/configuring-dns.html" >
< a href = "../practice/configuring-dns.html" >
< b > 5.4.6.1.< / b >
安装配置 Kube-dns
< / a >
< / li >
< li class = "chapter " data-level = "5.4.6.2" data-path = "../practice/coredns.html" >
< a href = "../practice/coredns.html" >
< b > 5.4.6.2.< / b >
安装配置 CoreDNS
< / a >
< / li >
< / ul >
< / li >
< / ul >
< / li >
< li class = "chapter " data-level = "5.5" data-path = "../practice/operation.html" >
< a href = "../practice/operation.html" >
< b > 5.5.< / b >
运维管理
< / a >
< ul class = "articles" >
< li class = "chapter " data-level = "5.5.1" data-path = "../practice/master-ha.html" >
< a href = "../practice/master-ha.html" >
< b > 5.5.1.< / b >
Master 节点高可用
< / a >
< / li >
< li class = "chapter " data-level = "5.5.2" data-path = "../practice/service-rolling-update.html" >
< a href = "../practice/service-rolling-update.html" >
< b > 5.5.2.< / b >
服务滚动升级
< / a >
< / li >
< li class = "chapter " data-level = "5.5.3" data-path = "../practice/app-log-collection.html" >
< a href = "../practice/app-log-collection.html" >
< b > 5.5.3.< / b >
应用日志收集
< / a >
< / li >
< li class = "chapter " data-level = "5.5.4" data-path = "../practice/configuration-best-practice.html" >
< a href = "../practice/configuration-best-practice.html" >
< b > 5.5.4.< / b >
配置最佳实践
< / a >
< / li >
< li class = "chapter " data-level = "5.5.5" data-path = "../practice/monitor.html" >
< a href = "../practice/monitor.html" >
< b > 5.5.5.< / b >
集群及应用监控
< / a >
< / li >
< li class = "chapter " data-level = "5.5.6" data-path = "../practice/data-persistence-problem.html" >
< a href = "../practice/data-persistence-problem.html" >
< b > 5.5.6.< / b >
数据持久化问题
< / a >
< / li >
< li class = "chapter " data-level = "5.5.7" data-path = "../practice/manage-compute-resources-container.html" >
< a href = "../practice/manage-compute-resources-container.html" >
< b > 5.5.7.< / b >
管理容器的计算资源
< / a >
< / li >
< li class = "chapter " data-level = "5.5.8" data-path = "../practice/federation.html" >
< a href = "../practice/federation.html" >
< b > 5.5.8.< / b >
集群联邦
< / a >
< / li >
< / ul >
< / li >
< li class = "chapter " data-level = "5.6" data-path = "../practice/storage.html" >
< a href = "../practice/storage.html" >
< b > 5.6.< / b >
存储管理
< / a >
< ul class = "articles" >
< li class = "chapter " data-level = "5.6.1" data-path = "../practice/glusterfs.html" >
< a href = "../practice/glusterfs.html" >
< b > 5.6.1.< / b >
GlusterFS
< / a >
< ul class = "articles" >
< li class = "chapter " data-level = "5.6.1.1" data-path = "../practice/using-glusterfs-for-persistent-storage.html" >
< a href = "../practice/using-glusterfs-for-persistent-storage.html" >
< b > 5.6.1.1.< / b >
使用 GlusterFS 做持久化存储
< / a >
< / li >
< li class = "chapter " data-level = "5.6.1.2" data-path = "../practice/using-heketi-gluster-for-persistent-storage.html" >
< a href = "../practice/using-heketi-gluster-for-persistent-storage.html" >
< b > 5.6.1.2.< / b >
使用 Heketi 作为 Kubernetes 的持久存储 GlusterFS 的 external provisioner
< / a >
< / li >
< li class = "chapter " data-level = "5.6.1.3" data-path = "../practice/storage-for-containers-using-glusterfs-with-openshift.html" >
< a href = "../practice/storage-for-containers-using-glusterfs-with-openshift.html" >
< b > 5.6.1.3.< / b >
在 OpenShift 中使用 GlusterFS 做持久化存储
< / a >
< / li >
< / ul >
< / li >
< li class = "chapter " data-level = "5.6.2" data-path = "../practice/glusterd-2.0.html" >
< a href = "../practice/glusterd-2.0.html" >
< b > 5.6.2.< / b >
GlusterD-2.0
< / a >
< / li >
< li class = "chapter " data-level = "5.6.3" data-path = "../practice/ceph.html" >
< a href = "../practice/ceph.html" >
< b > 5.6.3.< / b >
Ceph
< / a >
< ul class = "articles" >
< li class = "chapter " data-level = "5.6.3.1" data-path = "../practice/ceph-helm-install-guide-zh.html" >
< a href = "../practice/ceph-helm-install-guide-zh.html" >
< b > 5.6.3.1.< / b >
用 Helm 托管安装 Ceph 集群并提供后端存储
< / a >
< / li >
< li class = "chapter " data-level = "5.6.3.2" data-path = "../practice/using-ceph-for-persistent-storage.html" >
< a href = "../practice/using-ceph-for-persistent-storage.html" >
< b > 5.6.3.2.< / b >
使用 Ceph 做持久化存储
< / a >
< / li >
< li class = "chapter " data-level = "5.6.3.3" data-path = "../practice/rbd-provisioner.html" >
< a href = "../practice/rbd-provisioner.html" >
< b > 5.6.3.3.< / b >
使用 rbd-provisioner 提供 rbd 持久化存储
< / a >
< / li >
< / ul >
< / li >
< li class = "chapter " data-level = "5.6.4" data-path = "../practice/openebs.html" >
< a href = "../practice/openebs.html" >
< b > 5.6.4.< / b >
OpenEBS
< / a >
< ul class = "articles" >
< li class = "chapter " data-level = "5.6.4.1" data-path = "../practice/using-openebs-for-persistent-storage.html" >
< a href = "../practice/using-openebs-for-persistent-storage.html" >
< b > 5.6.4.1.< / b >
使用 OpenEBS 做持久化存储
< / a >
< / li >
< / ul >
< / li >
< li class = "chapter " data-level = "5.6.5" data-path = "../practice/rook.html" >
< a href = "../practice/rook.html" >
< b > 5.6.5.< / b >
Rook
< / a >
< / li >
< li class = "chapter " data-level = "5.6.6" data-path = "../practice/nfs.html" >
< a href = "../practice/nfs.html" >
< b > 5.6.6.< / b >
NFS
< / a >
< ul class = "articles" >
< li class = "chapter " data-level = "5.6.6.1" data-path = "../practice/using-nfs-for-persistent-storage.html" >
< a href = "../practice/using-nfs-for-persistent-storage.html" >
< b > 5.6.6.1.< / b >
利用 NFS 动态提供 Kubernetes 后端存储卷
< / a >
< / li >
< / ul >
< / li >
< / ul >
< / li >
< li class = "chapter " data-level = "5.7" data-path = "../practice/monitoring.html" >
< a href = "../practice/monitoring.html" >
< b > 5.7.< / b >
集群与应用监控
< / a >
< ul class = "articles" >
< li class = "chapter " data-level = "5.7.1" data-path = "../practice/heapster.html" >
< a href = "../practice/heapster.html" >
< b > 5.7.1.< / b >
Heapster
< / a >
< ul class = "articles" >
< li class = "chapter " data-level = "5.7.1.1" data-path = "../practice/using-heapster-to-get-object-metrics.html" >
< a href = "../practice/using-heapster-to-get-object-metrics.html" >
< b > 5.7.1.1.< / b >
使用 Heapster 获取集群和对象的 metric 数据
< / a >
< / li >
< / ul >
< / li >
< li class = "chapter " data-level = "5.7.2" data-path = "../practice/prometheus.html" >
< a href = "../practice/prometheus.html" >
< b > 5.7.2.< / b >
Prometheus
< / a >
< ul class = "articles" >
< li class = "chapter " data-level = "5.7.2.1" data-path = "../practice/using-prometheus-to-monitor-kuberentes-cluster.html" >
< a href = "../practice/using-prometheus-to-monitor-kuberentes-cluster.html" >
< b > 5.7.2.1.< / b >
使用 Prometheus 监控 kubernetes 集群
< / a >
< / li >
< li class = "chapter " data-level = "5.7.2.2" data-path = "../practice/promql.html" >
< a href = "../practice/promql.html" >
< b > 5.7.2.2.< / b >
Prometheus 查询语言 PromQL 使用说明
< / a >
< / li >
< / ul >
< / li >
< li class = "chapter " data-level = "5.7.3" data-path = "../practice/vistio-visualize-your-istio-mesh.html" >
< a href = "../practice/vistio-visualize-your-istio-mesh.html" >
< b > 5.7.3.< / b >
使用 Vistio 监控 Istio 服务网格中的流量
< / a >
< / li >
< / ul >
< / li >
< li class = "chapter " data-level = "5.8" data-path = "../practice/distributed-tracing.html" >
< a href = "../practice/distributed-tracing.html" >
< b > 5.8.< / b >
分布式跟踪
< / a >
< ul class = "articles" >
< li class = "chapter " data-level = "5.8.1" data-path = "../practice/opentracing.html" >
< a href = "../practice/opentracing.html" >
< b > 5.8.1.< / b >
OpenTracing
< / a >
< / li >
< / ul >
< / li >
< li class = "chapter " data-level = "5.9" data-path = "../practice/services-management-tool.html" >
< a href = "../practice/services-management-tool.html" >
< b > 5.9.< / b >
服务编排管理
< / a >
< ul class = "articles" >
< li class = "chapter " data-level = "5.9.1" data-path = "../practice/helm.html" >
< a href = "../practice/helm.html" >
< b > 5.9.1.< / b >
使用 Helm 管理 Kubernetes 应用
< / a >
< / li >
< li class = "chapter " data-level = "5.9.2" data-path = "../practice/create-private-charts-repo.html" >
< a href = "../practice/create-private-charts-repo.html" >
< b > 5.9.2.< / b >
构建私有 Chart 仓库
< / a >
< / li >
< / ul >
< / li >
< li class = "chapter " data-level = "5.10" data-path = "../practice/ci-cd.html" >
< a href = "../practice/ci-cd.html" >
< b > 5.10.< / b >
持续集成与发布
< / a >
< ul class = "articles" >
< li class = "chapter " data-level = "5.10.1" data-path = "../practice/jenkins-ci-cd.html" >
< a href = "../practice/jenkins-ci-cd.html" >
< b > 5.10.1.< / b >
使用 Jenkins 进行持续集成与发布
< / a >
< / li >
< li class = "chapter " data-level = "5.10.2" data-path = "../practice/drone-ci-cd.html" >
< a href = "../practice/drone-ci-cd.html" >
< b > 5.10.2.< / b >
使用 Drone 进行持续集成与发布
< / a >
< / li >
< / ul >
< / li >
< li class = "chapter " data-level = "5.11" data-path = "../practice/update-and-upgrade.html" >
< a href = "../practice/update-and-upgrade.html" >
< b > 5.11.< / b >
更新与升级
< / a >
< ul class = "articles" >
< li class = "chapter " data-level = "5.11.1" data-path = "../practice/manually-upgrade.html" >
< a href = "../practice/manually-upgrade.html" >
< b > 5.11.1.< / b >
手动升级 Kubernetes 集群
< / a >
< / li >
< li class = "chapter " data-level = "5.11.2" data-path = "../practice/dashboard-upgrade.html" >
< a href = "../practice/dashboard-upgrade.html" >
< b > 5.11.2.< / b >
升级 dashboard
< / a >
< / li >
< / ul >
< / li >
< li class = "chapter " data-level = "5.12" data-path = "../practice/controller-extended.html" >
< a href = "../practice/controller-extended.html" >
< b > 5.12.< / b >
扩展控制器
< / a >
< ul class = "articles" >
< li class = "chapter " data-level = "5.12.1" data-path = "../practice/openkruise.html" >
< a href = "../practice/openkruise.html" >
< b > 5.12.1.< / b >
OpenKruise
< / a >
2020-06-22 17:07:42 +08:00
< ul class = "articles" >
< li class = "chapter " data-level = "5.12.1.1" data-path = "../practice/in-place-update.html" >
< a href = "../practice/in-place-update.html" >
< b > 5.12.1.1.< / b >
原地升级
< / a >
< / li >
< / ul >
2020-06-19 14:52:56 +08:00
< / li >
< / ul >
< / li >
< li class = "header" > 领域应用< / li >
< li class = "chapter " data-level = "6.1" data-path = "../usecases/" >
< a href = "../usecases/" >
< b > 6.1.< / b >
领域应用概览
< / a >
< / li >
< li class = "chapter " data-level = "6.2" data-path = "../usecases/microservices.html" >
< a href = "../usecases/microservices.html" >
< b > 6.2.< / b >
微服务架构
< / a >
< ul class = "articles" >
< li class = "chapter " data-level = "6.2.1" data-path = "../usecases/service-discovery-in-microservices.html" >
< a href = "../usecases/service-discovery-in-microservices.html" >
< b > 6.2.1.< / b >
微服务中的服务发现
< / a >
< / li >
< li class = "chapter " data-level = "6.2.2" data-path = "../usecases/microservices-for-java-developers.html" >
< a href = "../usecases/microservices-for-java-developers.html" >
< b > 6.2.2.< / b >
使用 Java 构建微服务并发布到 Kubernetes 平台
< / a >
< ul class = "articles" >
< li class = "chapter " data-level = "6.2.2.1" data-path = "../usecases/spring-boot-quick-start-guide.html" >
< a href = "../usecases/spring-boot-quick-start-guide.html" >
< b > 6.2.2.1.< / b >
Spring Boot 快速开始指南
< / a >
< / li >
< / ul >
< / li >
< / ul >
< / li >
< li class = "chapter " data-level = "6.3" data-path = "../usecases/service-mesh.html" >
< a href = "../usecases/service-mesh.html" >
< b > 6.3.< / b >
Service Mesh 服务网格
< / a >
< ul class = "articles" >
< li class = "chapter " data-level = "6.3.1" data-path = "../usecases/the-enterprise-path-to-service-mesh-architectures.html" >
< a href = "../usecases/the-enterprise-path-to-service-mesh-architectures.html" >
< b > 6.3.1.< / b >
企业级服务网格架构
< / a >
< ul class = "articles" >
< li class = "chapter " data-level = "6.3.1.1" data-path = "../usecases/service-mesh-fundamental.html" >
< a href = "../usecases/service-mesh-fundamental.html" >
< b > 6.3.1.1.< / b >
Service Mesh 基础
< / a >
< / li >
< li class = "chapter " data-level = "6.3.1.2" data-path = "../usecases/comparing-service-mesh-technologies.html" >
< a href = "../usecases/comparing-service-mesh-technologies.html" >
< b > 6.3.1.2.< / b >
Service Mesh 技术对比
< / a >
< / li >
< li class = "chapter " data-level = "6.3.1.3" data-path = "../usecases/service-mesh-adoption-and-evolution.html" >
< a href = "../usecases/service-mesh-adoption-and-evolution.html" >
< b > 6.3.1.3.< / b >
采纳和演进
< / a >
< / li >
< li class = "chapter " data-level = "6.3.1.4" data-path = "../usecases/service-mesh-customization-and-integration.html" >
< a href = "../usecases/service-mesh-customization-and-integration.html" >
< b > 6.3.1.4.< / b >
定制和集成
< / a >
< / li >
< li class = "chapter " data-level = "6.3.1.5" data-path = "../usecases/service-mesh-conclusion.html" >
< a href = "../usecases/service-mesh-conclusion.html" >
< b > 6.3.1.5.< / b >
总结
< / a >
< / li >
< / ul >
< / li >
< li class = "chapter " data-level = "6.3.2" data-path = "../usecases/istio.html" >
< a href = "../usecases/istio.html" >
< b > 6.3.2.< / b >
Istio
< / a >
< ul class = "articles" >
< li class = "chapter " data-level = "6.3.2.1" data-path = "../usecases/istio-installation.html" >
< a href = "../usecases/istio-installation.html" >
< b > 6.3.2.1.< / b >
安装并试用 Istio service mesh
< / a >
< / li >
< li class = "chapter " data-level = "6.3.2.2" data-path = "../usecases/sidecar-spec-in-istio.html" >
< a href = "../usecases/sidecar-spec-in-istio.html" >
< b > 6.3.2.2.< / b >
Istio 中 sidecar 的注入规范及示例
< / a >
< / li >
< li class = "chapter " data-level = "6.3.2.3" data-path = "../usecases/istio-community-tips.html" >
< a href = "../usecases/istio-community-tips.html" >
< b > 6.3.2.3.< / b >
如何参与 Istio 社区及注意事项
< / a >
< / li >
< li class = "chapter " data-level = "6.3.2.4" data-path = "../usecases/istio-tutorials-collection.html" >
< a href = "../usecases/istio-tutorials-collection.html" >
< b > 6.3.2.4.< / b >
Istio 免费学习资源汇总
< / a >
< / li >
< li class = "chapter " data-level = "6.3.2.5" data-path = "../usecases/understand-sidecar-injection-and-traffic-hijack-in-istio-service-mesh.html" >
< a href = "../usecases/understand-sidecar-injection-and-traffic-hijack-in-istio-service-mesh.html" >
< b > 6.3.2.5.< / b >
Sidecar 的注入与流量劫持
< / a >
< / li >
< li class = "chapter " data-level = "6.3.2.6" data-path = "../usecases/envoy-sidecar-routing-of-istio-service-mesh-deep-dive.html" >
< a href = "../usecases/envoy-sidecar-routing-of-istio-service-mesh-deep-dive.html" >
< b > 6.3.2.6.< / b >
Envoy Sidecar 代理的路由转发
< / a >
< / li >
< / ul >
< / li >
< li class = "chapter " data-level = "6.3.3" data-path = "../usecases/linkerd.html" >
< a href = "../usecases/linkerd.html" >
< b > 6.3.3.< / b >
Linkerd
< / a >
< ul class = "articles" >
< li class = "chapter " data-level = "6.3.3.1" data-path = "../usecases/linkerd-user-guide.html" >
< a href = "../usecases/linkerd-user-guide.html" >
< b > 6.3.3.1.< / b >
Linkerd 使用指南
< / a >
< / li >
< / ul >
< / li >
< li class = "chapter " data-level = "6.3.4" data-path = "../usecases/conduit.html" >
< a href = "../usecases/conduit.html" >
< b > 6.3.4.< / b >
Conduit
< / a >
< ul class = "articles" >
< li class = "chapter " data-level = "6.3.4.1" data-path = "../usecases/conduit-overview.html" >
< a href = "../usecases/conduit-overview.html" >
< b > 6.3.4.1.< / b >
Condiut 概览
< / a >
< / li >
< li class = "chapter " data-level = "6.3.4.2" data-path = "../usecases/conduit-installation.html" >
< a href = "../usecases/conduit-installation.html" >
< b > 6.3.4.2.< / b >
安装 Conduit
< / a >
< / li >
< / ul >
< / li >
< li class = "chapter " data-level = "6.3.5" data-path = "../usecases/envoy.html" >
< a href = "../usecases/envoy.html" >
< b > 6.3.5.< / b >
Envoy
< / a >
< ul class = "articles" >
< li class = "chapter " data-level = "6.3.5.1" data-path = "../usecases/envoy-terminology.html" >
< a href = "../usecases/envoy-terminology.html" >
< b > 6.3.5.1.< / b >
Envoy 的架构与基本术语
< / a >
< / li >
< li class = "chapter " data-level = "6.3.5.2" data-path = "../usecases/envoy-front-proxy.html" >
< a href = "../usecases/envoy-front-proxy.html" >
< b > 6.3.5.2.< / b >
Envoy 作为前端代理
< / a >
< / li >
< li class = "chapter " data-level = "6.3.5.3" data-path = "../usecases/envoy-mesh-in-kubernetes-tutorial.html" >
< a href = "../usecases/envoy-mesh-in-kubernetes-tutorial.html" >
< b > 6.3.5.3.< / b >
Envoy mesh 教程
< / a >
< / li >
< / ul >
< / li >
< li class = "chapter " data-level = "6.3.6" data-path = "../usecases/mosn.html" >
< a href = "../usecases/mosn.html" >
< b > 6.3.6.< / b >
MOSN
< / a >
< / li >
< / ul >
< / li >
< li class = "chapter " data-level = "6.4" data-path = "../usecases/big-data.html" >
< a href = "../usecases/big-data.html" >
< b > 6.4.< / b >
大数据
< / a >
< ul class = "articles" >
< li class = "chapter " data-level = "6.4.1" data-path = "../usecases/spark-standalone-on-kubernetes.html" >
< a href = "../usecases/spark-standalone-on-kubernetes.html" >
< b > 6.4.1.< / b >
Spark standalone on Kubernetes
< / a >
< / li >
< li class = "chapter " data-level = "6.4.2" data-path = "../usecases/running-spark-with-kubernetes-native-scheduler.html" >
< a href = "../usecases/running-spark-with-kubernetes-native-scheduler.html" >
< b > 6.4.2.< / b >
运行支持 Kubernetes 原生调度的 Spark 程序
< / a >
< / li >
< / ul >
< / li >
< li class = "chapter " data-level = "6.5" data-path = "../usecases/serverless.html" >
< a href = "../usecases/serverless.html" >
< b > 6.5.< / b >
Serverless 架构
< / a >
< ul class = "articles" >
< li class = "chapter " data-level = "6.5.1" data-path = "../usecases/understanding-serverless.html" >
< a href = "../usecases/understanding-serverless.html" >
< b > 6.5.1.< / b >
理解 Serverless
< / a >
< / li >
< li class = "chapter " data-level = "6.5.2" data-path = "../usecases/faas.html" >
< a href = "../usecases/faas.html" >
< b > 6.5.2.< / b >
FaaS（ ）
< / a >
< ul class = "articles" >
< li class = "chapter " data-level = "6.5.2.1" data-path = "../usecases/openfaas-quick-start.html" >
< a href = "../usecases/openfaas-quick-start.html" >
< b > 6.5.2.1.< / b >
OpenFaaS 快速入门指南
< / a >
< / li >
< / ul >
< / li >
< li class = "chapter " data-level = "6.5.3" data-path = "../usecases/knative.html" >
< a href = "../usecases/knative.html" >
< b > 6.5.3.< / b >
Knative
< / a >
< / li >
< / ul >
< / li >
2020-06-24 16:47:22 +08:00
< li class = "chapter " data-level = "6.6" data-path = "../usecases/edge-computing.html" >
2020-06-19 14:52:56 +08:00
< a href = "../usecases/edge-computing.html" >
2020-06-24 16:47:22 +08:00
< b > 6.6.< / b >
2020-06-19 14:52:56 +08:00
边缘计算
< / a >
< / li >
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< li class = "chapter " data-level = "6.7" data-path = "../usecases/ai.html" >
2020-06-19 14:52:56 +08:00
< a href = "../usecases/ai.html" >
2020-06-24 16:47:22 +08:00
< b > 6.7.< / b >
2020-06-19 14:52:56 +08:00
人工智能
< / a >
< / li >
< li class = "header" > 开发指南< / li >
< li class = "chapter " data-level = "7.1" data-path = "../develop/" >
< a href = "../develop/" >
< b > 7.1.< / b >
开发指南概览
< / a >
< / li >
< li class = "chapter " data-level = "7.2" data-path = "../develop/sigs-and-working-group.html" >
< a href = "../develop/sigs-and-working-group.html" >
< b > 7.2.< / b >
SIG 和工作组
< / a >
< / li >
< li class = "chapter " data-level = "7.3" data-path = "../develop/developing-environment.html" >
< a href = "../develop/developing-environment.html" >
< b > 7.3.< / b >
开发环境搭建
< / a >
< ul class = "articles" >
< li class = "chapter " data-level = "7.3.1" data-path = "../develop/using-vagrant-and-virtualbox-for-development.html" >
< a href = "../develop/using-vagrant-and-virtualbox-for-development.html" >
< b > 7.3.1.< / b >
本地分布式开发环境搭建（使用 Vagrant 和 Virtualbox）
< / a >
< / li >
< / ul >
< / li >
< li class = "chapter " data-level = "7.4" data-path = "../develop/testing.html" >
< a href = "../develop/testing.html" >
< b > 7.4.< / b >
单元测试和集成测试
< / a >
< / li >
< li class = "chapter " data-level = "7.5" data-path = "../develop/client-go-sample.html" >
< a href = "../develop/client-go-sample.html" >
< b > 7.5.< / b >
client-go 示例
< / a >
< / li >
< li class = "chapter " data-level = "7.6" data-path = "../develop/operator.html" >
< a href = "../develop/operator.html" >
< b > 7.6.< / b >
Operator
< / a >
< ul class = "articles" >
< li class = "chapter " data-level = "7.6.1" data-path = "../develop/operator-sdk.html" >
< a href = "../develop/operator-sdk.html" >
< b > 7.6.1.< / b >
operator-sdk
< / a >
< / li >
< / ul >
< / li >
< li class = "chapter " data-level = "7.7" data-path = "../develop/kubebuilder.html" >
< a href = "../develop/kubebuilder.html" >
< b > 7.7.< / b >
kubebuilder
< / a >
< ul class = "articles" >
< li class = "chapter " data-level = "7.7.1" data-path = "../develop/kubebuilder-example.html" >
< a href = "../develop/kubebuilder-example.html" >
< b > 7.7.1.< / b >
使用 kubebuilder 创建 operator 示例
< / a >
< / li >
< / ul >
< / li >
< li class = "chapter " data-level = "7.8" data-path = "../develop/advance-developer.html" >
< a href = "../develop/advance-developer.html" >
< b > 7.8.< / b >
高级开发指南
< / a >
< / li >
< li class = "chapter " data-level = "7.9" data-path = "../develop/contribute.html" >
< a href = "../develop/contribute.html" >
< b > 7.9.< / b >
社区贡献
< / a >
< / li >
< li class = "chapter " data-level = "7.10" data-path = "../develop/minikube.html" >
< a href = "../develop/minikube.html" >
< b > 7.10.< / b >
Minikube
< / a >
< / li >
< li class = "header" > CNCF（ ） < / li >
< li class = "chapter " data-level = "8.1" data-path = "../cloud-native/cncf.html" >
< a href = "../cloud-native/cncf.html" >
< b > 8.1.< / b >
CNCF - 云原生计算基金会简介
< / a >
< / li >
< li class = "chapter " data-level = "8.2" data-path = "../cloud-native/cncf-charter.html" >
< a href = "../cloud-native/cncf-charter.html" >
< b > 8.2.< / b >
CNCF 章程
< / a >
< / li >
< li class = "chapter " data-level = "8.3" data-path = "../cloud-native/cncf-sig.html" >
< a href = "../cloud-native/cncf-sig.html" >
< b > 8.3.< / b >
CNCF 特别兴趣小组（ ）
< / a >
< / li >
< li class = "chapter " data-level = "8.4" data-path = "../cloud-native/cncf-sandbox-criteria.html" >
< a href = "../cloud-native/cncf-sandbox-criteria.html" >
< b > 8.4.< / b >
开源项目加入 CNCF Sandbox 的要求
< / a >
< / li >
< li class = "chapter " data-level = "8.5" data-path = "../cloud-native/cncf-project-governing.html" >
< a href = "../cloud-native/cncf-project-governing.html" >
< b > 8.5.< / b >
CNCF 中的项目治理
< / a >
< / li >
< li class = "chapter " data-level = "8.6" data-path = "../cloud-native/cncf-ambassador.html" >
< a href = "../cloud-native/cncf-ambassador.html" >
< b > 8.6.< / b >
CNCF Ambassador
< / a >
< / li >
< li class = "header" > 附录< / li >
< li class = "chapter " data-level = "9.1" data-path = "./" >
< a href = "./" >
< b > 9.1.< / b >
附录说明
< / a >
< / li >
< li class = "chapter " data-level = "9.2" data-path = "debug-kubernetes-services.html" >
< a href = "debug-kubernetes-services.html" >
< b > 9.2.< / b >
Kubernetes 中的应用故障排查
< / a >
< / li >
< li class = "chapter " data-level = "9.3" data-path = "material-share.html" >
< a href = "material-share.html" >
< b > 9.3.< / b >
Kubernetes 相关资讯和情报链接
< / a >
< / li >
< li class = "chapter " data-level = "9.4" data-path = "docker-best-practice.html" >
< a href = "docker-best-practice.html" >
< b > 9.4.< / b >
Docker 最佳实践
< / a >
< / li >
< li class = "chapter " data-level = "9.5" data-path = "tricks.html" >
< a href = "tricks.html" >
< b > 9.5.< / b >
使用技巧
< / a >
< / li >
< li class = "chapter " data-level = "9.6" data-path = "issues.html" >
< a href = "issues.html" >
< b > 9.6.< / b >
问题记录
< / a >
< / li >
< li class = "chapter " data-level = "9.7" data-path = "kubernetes-changelog.html" >
< a href = "kubernetes-changelog.html" >
< b > 9.7.< / b >
Kubernetes 版本更新日志
< / a >
< ul class = "articles" >
< li class = "chapter " data-level = "9.7.1" data-path = "kubernetes-1.7-changelog.html" >
< a href = "kubernetes-1.7-changelog.html" >
< b > 9.7.1.< / b >
Kubernetes1.7 更新日志
< / a >
< / li >
< li class = "chapter " data-level = "9.7.2" data-path = "kubernetes-1.8-changelog.html" >
< a href = "kubernetes-1.8-changelog.html" >
< b > 9.7.2.< / b >
Kubernetes1.8 更新日志
< / a >
< / li >
< li class = "chapter " data-level = "9.7.3" data-path = "kubernetes-1.9-changelog.html" >
< a href = "kubernetes-1.9-changelog.html" >
< b > 9.7.3.< / b >
Kubernetes1.9 更新日志
< / a >
< / li >
< li class = "chapter " data-level = "9.7.4" data-path = "kubernetes-1.10-changelog.html" >
< a href = "kubernetes-1.10-changelog.html" >
< b > 9.7.4.< / b >
Kubernetes1.10 更新日志
< / a >
< / li >
< li class = "chapter " data-level = "9.7.5" data-path = "kubernetes-1.11-changelog.html" >
< a href = "kubernetes-1.11-changelog.html" >
< b > 9.7.5.< / b >
Kubernetes1.11 更新日志
< / a >
< / li >
< li class = "chapter " data-level = "9.7.6" data-path = "kubernetes-1.12-changelog.html" >
< a href = "kubernetes-1.12-changelog.html" >
< b > 9.7.6.< / b >
Kubernetes1.12 更新日志
< / a >
< / li >
< li class = "chapter " data-level = "9.7.7" data-path = "kubernetes-1.13-changelog.html" >
< a href = "kubernetes-1.13-changelog.html" >
< b > 9.7.7.< / b >
Kubernetes1.13 更新日志
< / a >
< / li >
< li class = "chapter " data-level = "9.7.8" data-path = "kubernetes-1.14-changelog.html" >
< a href = "kubernetes-1.14-changelog.html" >
< b > 9.7.8.< / b >
Kubernetes1.14 更新日志
< / a >
< / li >
< li class = "chapter " data-level = "9.7.9" data-path = "kubernetes-1.15-changelog.html" >
< a href = "kubernetes-1.15-changelog.html" >
< b > 9.7.9.< / b >
Kubernetes1.15 更新日志
< / a >
< / li >
< / ul >
< / li >
< li class = "chapter " data-level = "9.8" data-path = "summary-and-outlook.html" >
< a href = "summary-and-outlook.html" >
< b > 9.8.< / b >
Kubernetes 及云原生年度总结及展望
< / a >
< ul class = "articles" >
< li class = "chapter " data-level = "9.8.1" data-path = "kubernetes-and-cloud-native-summary-in-2017-and-outlook-for-2018.html" >
< a href = "kubernetes-and-cloud-native-summary-in-2017-and-outlook-for-2018.html" >
< b > 9.8.1.< / b >
Kubernetes 与云原生 2017 年年终总结及 2018 年展望
< / a >
< / li >
< li class = "chapter " data-level = "9.8.2" data-path = "kubernetes-and-cloud-native-summary-in-2018-and-outlook-for-2019.html" >
< a href = "kubernetes-and-cloud-native-summary-in-2018-and-outlook-for-2019.html" >
< b > 9.8.2.< / b >
Kubernetes 与云原生 2018 年年终总结及 2019 年展望
< / a >
< / li >
< / ul >
< / li >
< li class = "chapter " data-level = "9.9" data-path = "cncf-annual-report.html" >
< a href = "cncf-annual-report.html" >
< b > 9.9.< / b >
CNCF 年度报告解读
< / a >
< ul class = "articles" >
< li class = "chapter active" data-level = "9.9.1" data-path = "cncf-annual-report-2018.html" >
< a href = "cncf-annual-report-2018.html" >
< b > 9.9.1.< / b >
CNCF 2018 年年度报告解读
< / a >
< / li >
< / ul >
< / li >
< li class = "chapter " data-level = "9.10" data-path = "about-kcsp.html" >
< a href = "about-kcsp.html" >
< b > 9.10.< / b >
Kubernetes 认证服务提供商（ ）
< / a >
< / li >
< li class = "chapter " data-level = "9.11" data-path = "about-cka-candidate.html" >
< a href = "about-cka-candidate.html" >
< b > 9.11.< / b >
认证 Kubernetes 管理员（ ）
< / a >
< / li >
< li class = "divider" > < / li >
< li >
< a href = "https://www.gitbook.com" target = "blank" class = "gitbook-link" >
本书使用 GitBook 发布
< / a >
< / li >
< / ul >
< / nav >
< / div >
< div class = "book-body" >
< div class = "body-inner" >
< div class = "book-header" role = "navigation" >
<!-- Title -->
< h1 >
< i class = "fa fa-circle-o-notch fa-spin" > < / i >
< a href = ".." > CNCF 2018 年年度报告解读< / a >
< / h1 >
< / div >
< div class = "page-wrapper" tabindex = "-1" role = "main" >
< div class = "page-inner" >
< div class = "search-plus" id = "book-search-results" >
< div class = "search-noresults" >
< section class = "normal markdown-section" >
< h1 id = "cncf-2018年年度报告解读" > CNCF 2018年 年 度 报 告 解 读 < / h1 >
< p > 2019年 2月 初 ， CNCF 发 布 了 2018年 的 年 度 报 告 ， 这 是 CNCF 继 2017年 度 报 告 之 后 ， 第 二 次 发 布 年 度 报 告 ， 2017年 度 的 报 告 只 有 区 区 14页 ， 今 年 的 报 告 长 度 增 长 了 一 倍 达 31页 。 下 面 我 将 带 大 家 一 起 来 深 度 解 读 下 这 份 2018年 的 年 度 报 告 ， 一 窥 CNCF 过 去 一 年 里 在 推 广 云 原 生 的 道 路 上 取 得 的 进 展 。 < / p >
< p > < em > 注 ： 本 文 最 后 附 上 了 2017年 和 2018年 度 的 报 告 下 载 地 址 。 < / em > < / p >
< h2 id = "cncf-年度报告涵盖的范围" > CNCF 年 度 报 告 涵 盖 的 范 围 < / h2 >
< p > 在 解 读 CNCF 的 2018年 度 报 告 之 前 ， 我 们 先 简 单 回 顾 下 < a href = "https://www.cncf.io/wp-content/uploads/2018/03/CNCF-Annual-Report-2017.pdf" target = "_blank" > 2017年 度 的 报 告 < / a > ， 因 为 2017年 度 报 告 是 CNCF 的 首 份 年 度 报 告 ， 这 样 我 们 也 能 更 好 的 了 解 CNCF 的 来 龙 去 脉 。 < / p >
< p > 2017年 度 报 告 已 经 基 本 确 定 了 CNCF 每 个 年 度 报 告 所 包 含 的 主 题 ： < / p >
< ul >
< li > 自 我 定 位 < / li >
< li > 会 员 参 与 情 况 < / li >
< li > 终 端 用 户 社 区 < / li >
< li > 项 目 更 新 < / li >
< li > 会 议 和 活 动 < / li >
< li > 社 区 < / li >
< li > 培 训 和 认 证 < / li >
< / ul >
< p > 以 上 为 CNCF 主 要 的 市 场 活 动 ， 2017年 时 其 成 立 的 第 二 年 ， 经 过 一 年 时 间 的 筹 备 ， 这 一 年 里 各 种 市 场 活 动 都 已 经 开 始 确 立 并 有 声 有 色 的 开 展 了 起 来 ， 包 括 KubeCon、 成 员 单 位 、 终 端 用 户 都 已 经 发 展 起 来 了 ， 以 后 历 年 里 只 是 对 其 不 断 的 发 展 和 完 善 。 < / p >
< p > 2018年 度 报 告 中 又 新 增 了 一 些 主 题 ， 这 些 主 题 是 从 2018年 开 始 开 展 的 ， 包 括 ： < / p >
< ul >
< li > < strong > 项 目 更 新 与 满 意 度 调 查 < / strong > < ul >
< li > 给 CNCF 项 目 的 维 护 者 发 调 查 问 卷 询 问 满 意 度 < / li >
< li > < a href = "https://www.cncf.io/about/charter/" target = "_blank" > CNCF charter< / a > 的 修 订 （ 2018年 11月 ） < / li >
< li > 项 目 更 新 与 发 布 < / li >
< li > 项 目 服 务 与 支 援 < / li >
< li > 专 项 活 动 、 文 档 、 网 站 与 博 客 支 持 < / li >
< li > 本 地 化 、 IT 支 持 和 培 训 < / li >
< / ul >
< / li >
< li > < strong > 社 区 拓 展 < / strong > < ul >
< li > 社 区 奖 项 < / li >
< li > CNCF Meetup< / li >
< li > < a href = "https://www.cncf.io/people/ambassadors/" target = "_blank" > CNCF Ambassador 计 划 < / a > < / li >
< li > 卡 通 吉 祥 物 Phippy< / li >
< / ul >
< / li >
< li > < strong > 生 态 系 统 工 具 < / strong > < ul >
< li > < a href = "https://devstats.cncf.io/" target = "_blank" > devstats< / a > < / li >
< li > < a href = "https://landscape.cncf.io" target = "_blank" > CNCF Landscape< / a > 和 路 线 图 < / li >
< li > 项 目 logo 物 料 < / li >
< / ul >
< / li >
< li > < strong > 测 试 一 致 性 项 目 < / strong > < / li >
< li > < strong > 国 际 化 < / strong > < ul >
< li > 进 入 中 国 < / li >
< li > 本 地 化 网 站 < / li >
< / ul >
< / li >
< / ul >
< p > 详 情 请 大 家 从 本 文 最 后 的 链 接 下 载 报 告 原 文 以 查 看 详 情 。 < / p >
< h2 id = "cncf-的定位" > CNCF 的 定 位 < / h2 >
< p > CNCF（ 云 原 生 计 算 基 金 会 ） 成 立 于 2015年 12月 11日 ， 每 届 年 度 报 告 的 开 篇 都 会 阐 明 CNCF 的 定 位 ， CNCF 的 自 我 定 位 在 2018年 发 生 了 一 次 变 动 ， 这 也 说 明 基 金 会 是 跟 随 市 场 形 势 而 动 ， 其 定 位 不 是 一 成 不 变 的 ， 其 中 的 变 化 暗 含 着 CNCF 战 略 的 转 变 。 < / p >
< h3 id = "cncf-的2017年度定位" > CNCF 的 2017年 度 定 位 < / h3 >
< p > < a href = "https://www.cncf.io/wp-content/uploads/2018/03/CNCF-Annual-Report-2017.pdf" target = "_blank" > 2017年 度 报 告 < / a > 中 是 这 样 正 式 介 绍 自 己 的 ： < / p >
< p > The Cloud Native Computing Foundation (CNCF) is an open source software foundation dedicated to making cloud-native computing universal and sustainable. Cloud-native computing uses an < strong > open source< / strong > software stack to deploy applications as < strong > microservices< / strong > , packaging each part into its own < strong > container< / strong > , and < strong > dynamically orchestrating< / strong > those containers to optimize resource utilization. Cloud-native technologies enable software developers to build great products faster. < / p >
< p > We are a community of open source projects, including Kubernetes, Envoy and Prometheus. Kubernetes and other CNCF projects are some of the highest velocity projects in the history of open source. < / p >
< p > 可 以 看 到 介 绍 中 的 重 点 技 术 是 ： 微 服 务 、 容 器 、 动 态 编 排 。 而 在 2018年 CNCF 对 自 己 进 行 了 重 新 的 定 位 和 包 装 ， 增 加 了 新 的 内 容 。 < / p >
< h3 id = "cncf-的2018年度定位" > CNCF 的 2018年 度 定 位 < / h3 >
< p > < a href = "https://www.cncf.io/wp-content/uploads/2019/02/CNCF_Annual_Report_2018_FInal.pdf" target = "_blank" > 2018年 度 报 告 < / a > 中 CNCF 对 自 己 的 定 位 是 ： < / p >
< p > The Cloud Native Computing Foundation (CNCF) is an open source software foundation dedicated to making cloud native computing universal and sustainable. Cloud native technologies empower organizations to build and run scalable applications in modern, dynamic environments such as public, private, and hybrid clouds. < strong > Containers< / strong > , < strong > service meshes< / strong > , < strong > microservices< / strong > , < strong > immutable infrastructure< / strong > , and < strong > declarative APIs< / strong > exemplify this approach. < / p >
< p > We are a community of open source projects, including Kubernetes, Prometheus, Envoy, and many others. Kubernetes and other CNCF projects are some of the highest velocity projects in the history of open source. < / p >
< p > 我 们 可 以 看 到 其 表 述 中 更 加 注 重 多 云 环 境 ， 主 要 涉 及 的 技 术 比 2017年 多 了 Service Mesh（ 服 务 网 格 ） 、 不 可 变 基 础 设 施 和 声 明 式 API。 < / p >
< h2 id = "数读报告" > 数 读 报 告 < / h2 >
< p > CNCF 年 度 报 告 的 原 文 主 要 是 汇 报 了 CNCF 一 年 来 的 所 展 开 的 活 动 和 进 展 ， 下 表 示 根 据 CNCF 2017和 2018年 度 报 告 整 理 了 关 键 数 据 。 < / p >
< table >
< thead >
< tr >
< th > < strong > Year< / strong > < / th >
< th > < strong > 2016< / strong > < / th >
< th > < strong > 2017< / strong > < / th >
< th > < strong > 2018< / strong > < / th >
< / tr >
< / thead >
< tbody >
< tr >
< td > < strong > Members< / strong > < / td >
< td > 63< / td >
< td > 170< / td >
< td > 365< / td >
< / tr >
< tr >
< td > < strong > Contributors< / strong > < / td >
< td > -< / td >
< td > 18687< / td >
< td > 47358< / td >
< / tr >
< tr >
< td > < strong > CNCF Meetup Members< / strong > < / td >
< td > -< / td >
< td > 53925< / td >
< td > 89112< / td >
< / tr >
< tr >
< td > < strong > Projects< / strong > < / td >
< td > 4< / td >
< td > 14< / td >
< td > 32< / td >
< / tr >
< tr >
< td > < strong > End User Community Members< / strong > < / td >
< td > -< / td >
< td > 32< / td >
< td > 69< / td >
< / tr >
< tr >
< td > < strong > Conference and Events Participants< / strong > < / td >
< td > -< / td >
< td > 4085< / td >
< td > -< / td >
< / tr >
< tr >
< td > < strong > Certified Kubernetes Partners< / strong > < / td >
< td > -< / td >
< td > 44< / td >
< td > -< / td >
< / tr >
< tr >
< td > < strong > Certified Kubernetes Service Providers< / strong > < / td >
< td > -< / td >
< td > 28< / td >
< td > 74< / td >
< / tr >
< tr >
< td > < strong > CNCF Ambassador< / strong > < / td >
< td > -< / td >
< td > -< / td >
< td > 65< / td >
< / tr >
< tr >
< td > < strong > Kubernetes Training Partners< / strong > < / td >
< td > -< / td >
< td > -< / td >
< td > 18< / td >
< / tr >
< / tbody >
< / table >
< p > < strong > 注 < / strong > ： 其 中 2016年 是 CNCF 正 式 开 始 工 作 的 第 一 年 ， 大 部 分 数 据 因 为 活 动 尚 未 开 展 而 缺 失 。 < / p >
< p > 从 上 表 中 我 们 可 以 看 到 CNCF 诞 生 三 年 来 基 金 会 成 员 规 模 、 托 管 项 目 的 贡 献 者 、 参 加 CNCF 名 义 的 Meetup 的 人 数 取 得 较 大 范 围 的 增 长 ， 尤 其 是 2018年 ， 因 为 基 金 会 成 员 的 爆 发 式 增 长 （ +130%） ， CNCF 开 始 给 成 员 分 级 ， 会 员 级 别 、 费 用 和 权 益 也 在 < a href = "https://www.cncf.io/about/join/" target = "_blank" > CNCF 官 网 < / a > 上 明 码 标 价 。 < / p >
< p > 2018年 CNCF 组 织 的 KubeCon& CloudNativeCon 开 始 固 定 每 年 在 西 欧 、 北 美 和 中 国 举 行 ， 且 2018年 是 首 次 进 入 中 国 ； 原 来 的 Certified Kubernetes Partners 也 取 消 了 变 成 了 Certified Kubernetes Service Providers； CNCF 的 < a href = "https://www.cncf.io/people/ambassadors/" target = "_blank" > Ambassador< / a > 计 划 拥 有 了 来 自 15个 国 家 的 65位 Ambassador， 在 世 界 各 地 为 云 原 生 布 道 ； CNCF 还 首 次 引 入 了 Kubernetes Training Partner。 < / p >
< p > 2018 年 CNCF 又 推 出 了 一 系 列 新 的 认 证 （ CKA 为 2017年 推 出 ） ， 包 括 ： < / p >
< ul >
< li > < a href = "https://www.cncf.io/certification/cka/" target = "_blank" > CKA< / a > （ Kubernetes 管 理 员 认 证 ） ： 这 是 CNCF 最 早 制 定 的 一 个 证 书 ， 顾 名 思 义 ， 通 过 该 认 证 证 明 用 户 具 有 管 理 Kubernetes 集 群 的 技 能 、 知 识 和 能 力 。 虽 然 该 证 书 在 2017年 即 推 出 ， 但 2018年 对 考 试 做 了 更 细 致 的 指 导 。 KCSP 要 求 企 业 必 须 有 至 少 三 人 通 过 CKA。 < / li >
< li > < a href = "https://www.cncf.io/certification/ckad/" target = "_blank" > CKAD< / a > （ Kubernetes 应 用 开 发 者 认 证 ） ： 该 认 证 证 明 用 户 可 以 为 Kubernetes 设 计 、 构 建 、 配 置 和 发 布 云 原 生 应 用 程 序 。 经 过 认 证 的 Kubernetes Application Developer 可 以 定 义 应 用 程 序 资 源 并 使 用 核 心 原 语 来 构 建 、 监 控 Kubernetes 中 可 伸 缩 应 用 程 序 和 排 除 故 障 。 < / li >
< li > < a href = "https://www.cncf.io/certification/kcsp/" target = "_blank" > KCSP< / a > （ Kubernetes 服 务 提 供 商 认 证 ） ： 截 止 本 文 发 稿 时 共 有 74家 企 业 通 过 该 认 证 。 该 认 证 的 主 体 是 企 业 或 组 织 ， 通 过 KCSP 的 企 业 意 味 着 可 以 为 其 他 组 织 提 供 Kubernetes 支 持 、 咨 询 、 专 业 服 务 和 培 训 。 通 过 该 认 证 的 中 国 企 业 有 ： 灵 雀 云 、 阿 里 云 、 博 云 、 才 云 、 DaoCloud、 EasyStack、 易 建 科 技 、 精 灵 云 、 谐 云 科 技 、 华 为 、 时 速 云 、 星 号 科 技 、 睿 云 智 合 、 沃 趣 、 元 鼎 科 技 、 ZTE。 < / li >
< li > < a href = "https://www.cncf.io/certification/software-conformance/" target = "_blank" > Certified Kubernetes Conformance< / a > （ Kubernetes 一 致 性 认 证 ） ： 通 过 该 认 证 的 Kubernetes 提 供 商 所 提 供 的 服 务 ， 意 味 着 其 可 以 保 证 Kubernetes API 的 可 移 植 性 及 跨 云 的 互 操 作 性 ； 及 时 更 新 到 最 新 的 Kubernetes 版 本 ； 是 否 一 致 是 可 以 通 过 < a href = "https://github.com/cncf/k8s-conformance/blob/master/instructions.md" target = "_blank" > 运 行 开 源 脚 本 < / a > 验 证 的 。 截 止 本 文 发 稿 通 过 该 认 证 的 中 国 企 业 的 发 行 版 有 ： 灵 雀 云 （ ACE、 ACP、 AKS） 、 才 云 Compass、 华 为 FusionStage、 酷 栈 科 技 CStack MiaoYun、 Daocloud Enterprise、 新 智 认 知 新 氦 云 、 浪 潮 云 、 京 东 TIG、 网 易 云 、 七 牛 云 、 同 方 有 云 、 睿 云 智 合 WiseCloud； 通 过 认 证 的 中 国 企 业 托 管 平 台 有 ： 阿 里 云 、 百 度 云 、 博 云 、 EasyStack、 易 建 科 技 、 谐 云 科 技 、 华 为 云 CCE、 腾 讯 云 TKE、 时 速 云 、 ZTE TECS。 < / li >
< / ul >
< p > 以 上 是 CNCF 提 供 的 主 要 证 书 ， 一 般 通 过 KCSP 的 企 业 都 要 先 通 过 Kubernetes 一 致 性 认 证 ， 而 通 过 Kubernetes 一 致 性 认 证 不 一 定 要 同 时 通 过 KCSP， 所 以 我 们 看 到 很 多 通 过 Kubernetes 一 致 性 认 证 的 企 业 就 不 一 定 会 通 过 KCSP， 因 为 KCSP 的 要 求 更 多 ， 至 少 要 成 为 CNCF 会 员 才 可 以 。 < / p >
< p > 下 面 将 就 CNCF 会 员 、 托 管 项 目 的 成 熟 度 等 级 划 分 、 Kubernetes 服 务 提 供 商 认 证 和 Kubernetes 提 供 商 认 证 做 详 细 说 明 。 < / p >
< h2 id = "cncf-会员" > CNCF 会 员 < / h2 >
< p > 2018年 CNCF 的 会 员 单 位 经 历 了 爆 发 式 增 长 ， 从 170家 增 长 到 365家 。 CNCF 制 定 了 如 下 的 会 员 等 级 ： < / p >
< ul >
< li > Silver Member< / li >
< li > Gold Member< / li >
< li > Platinum Member< / li >
< li > Academic/Nonprofit Member< / li >
< li > End User Member< / li >
< / ul >
< p > 不 同 等 级 的 会 员 需 要 交 纳 的 年 费 与 权 益 不 同 ， 详 情 请 见 < a href = "https://www.cncf.io/about/join/" target = "_blank" > https://www.cncf.io/about/join/< / a > 。 < / p >
< h3 id = "成为-cncf-会员的好处" > 成 为 CNCF 会 员 的 好 处 < / h3 >
< p > 成 为 CNCF 会 员 包 括 但 不 限 于 如 下 好 处 ： < / p >
< ul >
< li > 将 可 以 参 与 CNCF 市 场 委 员 会 、 CNCF Webinar、 在 CNCF 和 Kubernetes 官 网 发 表 博 客 、 博 客 被 KubeWeekly 收 录 、 < / li >
< li > 获 得 KubeCon + CloudNativeCon 的 门 票 折 扣 和 参 与 大 会 的 市 场 活 动 < / li >
< li > 对 于 Kubernetes 系 列 认 证 如 KCSP、 入 选 TOC 也 要 求 必 须 成 为 CNCF 会 员 才 可 以 获 得 < / li >
< li > End User Case Study< / li >
< li > 有 机 会 加 入 Ambassador 计 划 < / li >
< li > 在 社 区 里 具 有 更 多 的 话 语 权 ， 例 如 CNCF 在 全 球 范 围 内 组 织 的 活 动 < / li >
< / ul >
< h2 id = "项目成熟度等级" > 项 目 成 熟 度 等 级 < / h2 >
< p > 自 2015年 底 CNCF 创 立 之 初 Kubernetes 成 为 其 首 个 托 管 项 目 以 来 ， 截 止 到 2018年 底 ， CNCF 已 经 托 管 了 < a href = "https://www.cncf.io/projects/" target = "_blank" > 32个 开 源 项 目 < / a > ， 随 着 越 来 越 多 的 项 目 加 入 到 CNCF， 为 了 更 好 的 管 理 这 些 项 目 ， 为 这 些 项 目 划 分 不 同 的 成 熟 度 等 级 就 成 了 迫 在 眉 睫 的 事 情 。 < / p >
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< figure id = "fig9.9.1.1" > < a href = "../images/006tNc79ly1g04s0oznytj31tg0ok7ca.jpg" data-lightbox = "2fa42ec8-6cb5-4329-838f-d43e89ffc7e0" data-title = "CNCF 项目成熟度级别" > < img src = "../images/006tNc79ly1g04s0oznytj31tg0ok7ca.jpg" alt = "CNCF 项目成熟度级别" > < / a > < figcaption > 图 9.9.1.1： CNCF 项 目 成 熟 度 级 别 < / figcaption > < / figure >
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< p > 根 据 《 Crossing the Chasm》 一 书 中 的 技 术 采 用 生 命 周 期 理 论 ， CNCF 将 其 托 管 的 项 目 划 分 为 三 个 等 级 ： < / p >
< ul >
< li > Graduated： 对 应 于 早 期 成 熟 项 目 。 截 止 到 本 文 发 稿 时 只 有 < a href = "https://kubernetes.io/" target = "_blank" > Kubernetes< / a > 、 < a href = "https://prometheus.io/" target = "_blank" > Prometheus< / a > 、 < a href = "https://www.envoyproxy.io/" target = "_blank" > Envoy< / a > 和 < a href = "https://coredns.io/" target = "_blank" > CoreDNS< / a > 毕 业 。 < / li >
< li > Incubating： 对 应 于 早 期 采 用 者 阶 段 。 截 止 到 本 文 发 稿 时 有 16 个 项 目 。 < / li >
< li > Sandbox： 对 应 于 创 新 者 阶 段 。 截 止 到 本 文 发 稿 时 有 12 个 项 目 。 < / li >
< / ul >
< p > 查 看 CNCF 托 管 的 项 目 列 表 请 访 问 ： < a href = "https://www.cncf.io/projects/" target = "_blank" > https://www.cncf.io/projects/< / a > < / p >
< p > CNCF 通 过 为 项 目 设 置 成 熟 度 水 平 是 来 建 议 企 业 应 该 采 用 哪 些 项 目 。 CNCF 中 托 管 的 项 目 通 过 向 CNCF 的 技 术 监 督 委 员 会 （ TOC） 展 示 其 可 持 续 发 展 性 来 提 高 其 成 熟 度 ： 项 目 的 采 用 率 ， 健 康 的 变 化 率 ， 有 来 自 多 个 组 织 的 提 交 者 ， 采 用 了 < a href = "https://github.com/cncf/foundation/blob/master/code-of-conduct-languages/zh.md" target = "_blank" > CNCF 行 为 准 则 < / a > ， 实 现 并 维 护 了 核 心 基 础 设 施 倡 议 （ Core Infrastructure Initiative） < a href = "https://bestpractices.coreinfrastructure.org/" target = "_blank" > 最 佳 实 践 证 书 < / a > 。 详 细 信 息 在 < a href = "https://github.com/cncf/toc/blob/master/process/graduation_criteria.adoc" target = "_blank" > 毕 业 标 准 v1.1< / a > 。 < / p >
< h2 id = "certified-kubernetes-service-provider" > Certified Kubernetes Service Provider< / h2 >
< p > 通 过 < a href = "https://www.cncf.io/certification/kcsp/" target = "_blank" > KCSP< / a > 意 味 着 企 业 具 有 为 其 他 企 业 或 组 织 提 供 Kubernetes 支 持 、 咨 询 、 专 业 服 务 和 培 训 的 资 质 。 2018年 又 有 46家 企 业 通 过 了 < a href = "https://www.cncf.io/certification/kcsp/" target = "_blank" > KCSP< / a > ， 通 过 该 认 证 的 企 业 累 计 达 到 76家 。 < / p >
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< figure id = "fig9.9.1.2" > < a href = "../images/006tNc79ly1g04tl97vm4j318v0h7dpt.jpg" data-lightbox = "2e79da42-e966-4b74-85a6-11f1f750fa70" data-title = "KCSP" > < img src = "../images/006tNc79ly1g04tl97vm4j318v0h7dpt.jpg" alt = "KCSP" > < / a > < figcaption > 图 9.9.1.2： KCSP< / figcaption > < / figure >
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< p > < strong > 如 何 通 过 KCSP< / strong > < / p >
< p > 要 想 通 过 KCSP 必 须 满 足 以 下 三 个 条 件 ： < / p >
< ul >
< li > 三 名 或 更 多 工 程 师 通 过 认 证 Kubernetes管 理 员 （ CKA） 考 试 。 < em > （ CKAD考 试 不 计 入 此 要 求 ） < / em > < / li >
< li > 支 持 企 业 最 终 用 户 的 商 业 模 式 ， 包 括 为 客 户 提 供 驻 场 工 程 师 < / li >
< li > 成 为 CNCF 会 员 < / li >
< / ul >
< p > 通 过 KCSP 有 如 下 好 处 ： < / p >
< ul >
< li > 企 业 的 logo 会 出 现 在 < a href = "https://kubernetes.io/partners/" target = "_blank" > Kubernetes Partners< / a > 页 面 < / li >
< li > 参 加 与 云 原 生 项 目 leader、 TOC 成 员 、 CNCF Governing Board 的 月 度 会 议 < / li >
< li > 向 终 端 用 户 的 leader 寻 求 帮 助 < / li >
< / ul >
< p > 因 为 有 如 上 这 些 好 处 ， 为 了 获 得 Kubernetes 项 目 实 施 的 资 质 ， 同 时 保 持 与 基 金 会 至 今 的 交 流 ， Kubernetes 厂 商 对 该 认 证 都 趋 之 若 鹜 。 < / p >
< h2 id = "certified-kubernetes-offering" > Certified Kubernetes offering< / h2 >
< p > 通 过 KCSP 认 证 只 代 表 企 业 有 为 他 人 实 施 Kubernetes 项 目 的 资 质 ， 而 企 业 自 身 可 能 并 不 对 外 提 供 Kubernetes 平 台 或 服 务 ， 这 些 企 业 可 能 只 是 系 统 集 成 商 或 ISV， 这 时 候 CNCF 又 推 出 了 Kubernetes 提 供 商 认 证 。 < / p >
< p > Kubernetes 认 证 的 提 供 商 包 括 Kubernetes 发 行 版 、 托 管 平 台 和 安 装 器 ， 通 过 认 证 的 工 具 或 平 台 将 允 许 使 用 Kubernetes 认 证 的 Logo， 并 保 证 Kubernetes 一 致 性 认 证 。 < / p >
< h2 id = "展望-2019" > 展 望 2019< / h2 >
< p > 2018年 Kubernetes 成 为 CNCF 孵 化 的 首 个 毕 业 项 目 ， 根 据 CNCF 打 造 的 项 目 成 熟 度 模 型 ， Prometheus、 Envoy、 CoreDNS 相 继 毕 业 ， CNCF 的 眼 光 早 已 不 再 仅 盯 着 Kubernetes 了 ， < a href = "https://landscape.cncf.io" target = "_blank" > CNCF Landscape< / a > 几 乎 包 揽 了 所 有 云 计 算 相 关 开 源 项 目 。 可 以 说 CNCF 早 已 超 出 了 Kubernetes 的 范 畴 ， 而 是 旨 在 一 个 建 立 在 Kubernetes 为 底 层 资 源 调 度 和 应 用 生 命 周 期 管 理 之 上 的 生 态 系 统 ， CNCF 中 还 演 进 出 了 如 Service Mesh 和 Serverless 之 类 的 分 支 。 < / p >
< p > 从 CNCF 2017和 2018年 度 的 变 化 来 看 ， 其 中 已 经 去 掉 了 ” dynamically orchestrating“ 的 字 眼 ， 也 就 意 味 着 Kubernetes 在 容 器 编 排 领 域 已 经 胜 出 ， 进 而 强 调 多 云 环 境 ， 同 时 CNCF 推 动 的 Kubernetes 一 致 性 认 证 也 受 到 众 多 云 厂 商 的 支 持 ， 这 也 意 味 着 Kubernetes 将 成 为 多 云 环 境 API 一 致 性 的 保 证 。 < / p >
< p > CNCF 在 2019年 的 战 略 将 更 聚 焦 于 开 发 者 社 区 ， 协 助 尤 其 是 来 自 终 端 用 户 的 开 发 者 成 为 项 目 的 contributor 和 maintainer， 保 证 终 端 用 户 的 意 见 能 够 在 社 区 里 被 正 确 地 传 达 和 并 最 终 成 功 地 采 纳 云 原 生 。 < / p >
< h2 id = "参考" > 参 考 < / h2 >
< ul >
< li > < a href = "https://www.cncf.io/wp-content/uploads/2018/03/CNCF-Annual-Report-2017.pdf" target = "_blank" > CNCF Annual Report 2017 pdf< / a > < / li >
< li > < a href = "https://www.cncf.io/wp-content/uploads/2019/02/CNCF_Annual_Report_2018_FInal.pdf" target = "_blank" > CNCF Annual Report 2018 pdf< / a > < / li >
< li > < a href = "https://www.cncf.io/projects/" target = "_blank" > CNCF Projects< / a > < / li >
< li > < a href = "https://landscape.cncf.io" target = "_blank" > CNCF Landscape< / a > < / li >
< li > < a href = "https://www.cncf.io/people/ambassadors/" target = "_blank" > CNCF Ambassadors< / a > < / li >
< li > < a href = "https://www.cncf.io/certification/kcsp/" target = "_blank" > Kubernetes Certified Service Providers< / a > < / li >
< / ul >
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