2017-05-04 20:05:19 +08:00
|
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|
|
# 使用glusterfs做持久化存储
|
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|
|
我们复用kubernetes的三台主机做glusterfs存储。
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|
|
2018-09-25 22:09:51 +08:00
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|
|
以下步骤参考自:`https://www.xf80.com/2017/04/21/kubernetes-glusterfs/`(该网站已无法访问)
|
2017-05-04 20:05:19 +08:00
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|
|
## 安装glusterfs
|
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|
|
我们直接在物理机上使用yum安装,如果你选择在kubernetes上安装,请参考:https://github.com/gluster/gluster-kubernetes/blob/master/docs/setup-guide.md
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|
|
|
|
|
```bash
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|
|
|
|
# 先安装 gluster 源
|
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|
|
$ yum install centos-release-gluster -y
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|
|
|
|
# 安装 glusterfs 组件
|
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|
|
$ yum install -y glusterfs glusterfs-server glusterfs-fuse glusterfs-rdma glusterfs-geo-replication glusterfs-devel
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|
|
## 创建 glusterfs 目录
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|
|
$ mkdir /opt/glusterd
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|
|
## 修改 glusterd 目录
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|
|
$ sed -i 's/var\/lib/opt/g' /etc/glusterfs/glusterd.vol
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|
# 启动 glusterfs
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|
|
$ systemctl start glusterd.service
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|
|
# 设置开机启动
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|
|
$ systemctl enable glusterd.service
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#查看状态
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|
|
$ systemctl status glusterd.service
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|
|
```
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|
|
|
## 配置 glusterfs
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```Bash
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|
|
# 配置 hosts
|
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|
|
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|
|
$ vi /etc/hosts
|
2018-05-04 19:48:54 +08:00
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|
|
172.20.0.113 test-001.jimmysong.io
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172.20.0.114 test-002.jimmysong.io
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|
172.20.0.115 test-003.jimmysong.io
|
2017-05-04 20:05:19 +08:00
|
|
|
|
```
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|
|
```bash
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|
|
# 开放端口
|
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|
|
$ iptables -I INPUT -p tcp --dport 24007 -j ACCEPT
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|
|
|
# 创建存储目录
|
|
|
|
|
$ mkdir /opt/gfs_data
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|
|
```
|
|
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|
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|
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|
|
```bash
|
|
|
|
|
# 添加节点到 集群
|
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|
|
|
# 执行操作的本机不需要probe 本机
|
2018-05-04 19:48:54 +08:00
|
|
|
|
[root@test-001 ~]#
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|
|
|
|
gluster peer probe test-002.jimmysong.io
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|
gluster peer probe test-003.jimmysong.io
|
2017-05-04 20:05:19 +08:00
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
# 查看集群状态
|
|
|
|
|
$ gluster peer status
|
|
|
|
|
Number of Peers: 2
|
|
|
|
|
|
2018-05-04 19:48:54 +08:00
|
|
|
|
Hostname: test-002.jimmysong.io
|
2017-05-04 20:05:19 +08:00
|
|
|
|
Uuid: f25546cc-2011-457d-ba24-342554b51317
|
|
|
|
|
State: Peer in Cluster (Connected)
|
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|
|
|
|
2018-05-04 19:48:54 +08:00
|
|
|
|
Hostname: test-003.jimmysong.io
|
2017-05-04 20:05:19 +08:00
|
|
|
|
Uuid: 42b6cad1-aa01-46d0-bbba-f7ec6821d66d
|
|
|
|
|
State: Peer in Cluster (Connected)
|
|
|
|
|
```
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
## 配置 volume
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
GlusterFS中的volume的模式有很多中,包括以下几种:
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|
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|
|
- **分布卷(默认模式)**:即DHT, 也叫 分布卷: 将文件已hash算法随机分布到 一台服务器节点中存储。
|
|
|
|
|
- **复制模式**:即AFR, 创建volume 时带 replica x 数量: 将文件复制到 replica x 个节点中。
|
|
|
|
|
- **条带模式**:即Striped, 创建volume 时带 stripe x 数量: 将文件切割成数据块,分别存储到 stripe x 个节点中 ( 类似raid 0 )。
|
|
|
|
|
- **分布式条带模式**:最少需要4台服务器才能创建。 创建volume 时 stripe 2 server = 4 个节点: 是DHT 与 Striped 的组合型。
|
|
|
|
|
- **分布式复制模式**:最少需要4台服务器才能创建。 创建volume 时 replica 2 server = 4 个节点:是DHT 与 AFR 的组合型。
|
|
|
|
|
- **条带复制卷模式**:最少需要4台服务器才能创建。 创建volume 时 stripe 2 replica 2 server = 4 个节点: 是 Striped 与 AFR 的组合型。
|
|
|
|
|
- **三种模式混合**: 至少需要8台 服务器才能创建。 stripe 2 replica 2 , 每4个节点 组成一个 组。
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
这几种模式的示例图参考:[CentOS7安装GlusterFS](http://www.cnblogs.com/jicki/p/5801712.html)。
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
因为我们只有三台主机,在此我们使用默认的**分布卷模式**。**请勿在生产环境上使用该模式,容易导致数据丢失。**
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
```bash
|
|
|
|
|
# 创建分布卷
|
2018-05-04 19:48:54 +08:00
|
|
|
|
$ gluster volume create k8s-volume transport tcp test-001.jimmysong.io:/opt/gfs_data test-002.jimmysong.io:/opt/gfs_data test-003.jimmysong.io:/opt/gfs_data force
|
2017-05-04 20:05:19 +08:00
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
# 查看volume状态
|
|
|
|
|
$ gluster volume info
|
|
|
|
|
Volume Name: k8s-volume
|
|
|
|
|
Type: Distribute
|
|
|
|
|
Volume ID: 9a3b0710-4565-4eb7-abae-1d5c8ed625ac
|
|
|
|
|
Status: Created
|
|
|
|
|
Snapshot Count: 0
|
|
|
|
|
Number of Bricks: 3
|
|
|
|
|
Transport-type: tcp
|
|
|
|
|
Bricks:
|
2018-05-04 19:48:54 +08:00
|
|
|
|
Brick1: test-001.jimmysong.io:/opt/gfs_data
|
|
|
|
|
Brick2: test-002.jimmysong.io:/opt/gfs_data
|
|
|
|
|
Brick3: test-003.jimmysong.io:/opt/gfs_data
|
2017-05-04 20:05:19 +08:00
|
|
|
|
Options Reconfigured:
|
|
|
|
|
transport.address-family: inet
|
|
|
|
|
nfs.disable: on
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
# 启动 分布卷
|
|
|
|
|
$ gluster volume start k8s-volume
|
|
|
|
|
```
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
## Glusterfs调优
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
```bash
|
|
|
|
|
# 开启 指定 volume 的配额
|
|
|
|
|
$ gluster volume quota k8s-volume enable
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
# 限制 指定 volume 的配额
|
|
|
|
|
$ gluster volume quota k8s-volume limit-usage / 1TB
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
# 设置 cache 大小, 默认32MB
|
|
|
|
|
$ gluster volume set k8s-volume performance.cache-size 4GB
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
# 设置 io 线程, 太大会导致进程崩溃
|
|
|
|
|
$ gluster volume set k8s-volume performance.io-thread-count 16
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
# 设置 网络检测时间, 默认42s
|
|
|
|
|
$ gluster volume set k8s-volume network.ping-timeout 10
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
# 设置 写缓冲区的大小, 默认1M
|
|
|
|
|
$ gluster volume set k8s-volume performance.write-behind-window-size 1024MB
|
|
|
|
|
```
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
## Kubernetes中配置glusterfs
|
|
|
|
|
|
2017-10-11 23:44:26 +08:00
|
|
|
|
以下用到的所有yaml和json配置文件可以在[../manifests/glusterfs](https://github.com/rootsongjc/kubernetes-handbook/blob/master/manifests/glusterfs)中找到。注意替换其中私有镜像地址为你自己的镜像地址。
|
2017-05-04 20:05:19 +08:00
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
## kubernetes安装客户端
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
```bash
|
|
|
|
|
# 在所有 k8s node 中安装 glusterfs 客户端
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
$ yum install -y glusterfs glusterfs-fuse
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
# 配置 hosts
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
$ vi /etc/hosts
|
|
|
|
|
|
2018-05-04 19:48:54 +08:00
|
|
|
|
172.20.0.113 test-001.jimmysong.io
|
|
|
|
|
172.20.0.114 test-002.jimmysong.io
|
|
|
|
|
172.20.0.115 test-003.jimmysong.io
|
2017-05-04 20:05:19 +08:00
|
|
|
|
```
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
因为我们glusterfs跟kubernetes集群复用主机,因为此这一步可以省去。
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
## 配置 endpoints
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
```bash
|
|
|
|
|
$ curl -O https://raw.githubusercontent.com/kubernetes/kubernetes/master/examples/volumes/glusterfs/glusterfs-endpoints.json
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
# 修改 endpoints.json ,配置 glusters 集群节点ip
|
|
|
|
|
# 每一个 addresses 为一个 ip 组
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
{
|
|
|
|
|
"addresses": [
|
|
|
|
|
{
|
|
|
|
|
"ip": "172.22.0.113"
|
|
|
|
|
}
|
|
|
|
|
],
|
|
|
|
|
"ports": [
|
|
|
|
|
{
|
|
|
|
|
"port": 1990
|
|
|
|
|
}
|
|
|
|
|
]
|
|
|
|
|
},
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
# 导入 glusterfs-endpoints.json
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
$ kubectl apply -f glusterfs-endpoints.json
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
# 查看 endpoints 信息
|
|
|
|
|
$ kubectl get ep
|
|
|
|
|
```
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
## 配置 service
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
```bash
|
|
|
|
|
$ curl -O https://raw.githubusercontent.com/kubernetes/kubernetes/master/examples/volumes/glusterfs/glusterfs-service.json
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
# service.json 里面查找的是 enpointes 的名称与端口,端口默认配置为 1,我改成了1990
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
# 导入 glusterfs-service.json
|
|
|
|
|
$ kubectl apply -f glusterfs-service.json
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
# 查看 service 信息
|
|
|
|
|
$ kubectl get svc
|
|
|
|
|
```
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
## 创建测试 pod
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
```bash
|
|
|
|
|
$ curl -O https://raw.githubusercontent.com/kubernetes/kubernetes/master/examples/volumes/glusterfs/glusterfs-pod.json
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
# 编辑 glusterfs-pod.json
|
|
|
|
|
# 修改 volumes 下的 path 为上面创建的 volume 名称
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
"path": "k8s-volume"
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
# 导入 glusterfs-pod.json
|
|
|
|
|
$ kubectl apply -f glusterfs-pod.json
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
# 查看 pods 状态
|
|
|
|
|
$ kubectl get pods
|
|
|
|
|
NAME READY STATUS RESTARTS AGE
|
|
|
|
|
glusterfs 1/1 Running 0 1m
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
# 查看 pods 所在 node
|
|
|
|
|
$ kubectl describe pods/glusterfs
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
# 登陆 node 物理机,使用 df 可查看挂载目录
|
|
|
|
|
$ df -h
|
|
|
|
|
172.20.0.113:k8s-volume 1073741824 0 1073741824 0% 172.20.0.113:k8s-volume 1.0T 0 1.0T 0% /var/lib/kubelet/pods/3de9fc69-30b7-11e7-bfbd-8af1e3a7c5bd/volumes/kubernetes.io~glusterfs/glusterfsvol
|
|
|
|
|
```
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
## 配置PersistentVolume
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
PersistentVolume(PV)和 PersistentVolumeClaim(PVC)是kubernetes提供的两种API资源,用于抽象存储细节。管理员关注于如何通过pv提供存储功能而无需关注用户如何使用,同样的用户只需要挂载PVC到容器中而不需要关注存储卷采用何种技术实现。
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
PVC和PV的关系跟pod和node关系类似,前者消耗后者的资源。PVC可以向PV申请指定大小的存储资源并设置访问模式。
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
**PV属性 **
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
- storage容量
|
|
|
|
|
- 读写属性:分别为ReadWriteOnce:单个节点读写; ReadOnlyMany:多节点只读 ; ReadWriteMany:多节点读写
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
```bash
|
|
|
|
|
$ cat glusterfs-pv.yaml
|
|
|
|
|
apiVersion: v1
|
|
|
|
|
kind: PersistentVolume
|
|
|
|
|
metadata:
|
|
|
|
|
name: gluster-dev-volume
|
|
|
|
|
spec:
|
|
|
|
|
capacity:
|
|
|
|
|
storage: 8Gi
|
|
|
|
|
accessModes:
|
|
|
|
|
- ReadWriteMany
|
|
|
|
|
glusterfs:
|
|
|
|
|
endpoints: "glusterfs-cluster"
|
|
|
|
|
path: "k8s-volume"
|
|
|
|
|
readOnly: false
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
# 导入PV
|
|
|
|
|
$ kubectl apply -f glusterfs-pv.yaml
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
# 查看 pv
|
|
|
|
|
$ kubectl get pv
|
|
|
|
|
NAME CAPACITY ACCESSMODES RECLAIMPOLICY STATUS CLAIM STORAGECLASS REASON AGE
|
|
|
|
|
gluster-dev-volume 8Gi RWX Retain Available 3s
|
|
|
|
|
```
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
PVC属性
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
- 访问属性与PV相同
|
|
|
|
|
- 容量:向PV申请的容量 <= PV总容量
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
## 配置PVC
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
```Bash
|
|
|
|
|
$ cat glusterfs-pvc.yaml
|
|
|
|
|
kind: PersistentVolumeClaim
|
|
|
|
|
apiVersion: v1
|
|
|
|
|
metadata:
|
|
|
|
|
name: glusterfs-nginx
|
|
|
|
|
spec:
|
|
|
|
|
accessModes:
|
|
|
|
|
- ReadWriteMany
|
|
|
|
|
resources:
|
|
|
|
|
requests:
|
|
|
|
|
storage: 8Gi
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
# 导入 pvc
|
|
|
|
|
$ kubectl apply -f glusterfs-pvc.yaml
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
# 查看 pvc
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
$ kubectl get pv
|
|
|
|
|
NAME STATUS VOLUME CAPACITY ACCESSMODES STORAGECLASS AGE
|
|
|
|
|
glusterfs-nginx Bound gluster-dev-volume 8Gi RWX 4s
|
|
|
|
|
```
|
|
|
|
|
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## 创建 nginx deployment 挂载 volume
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```Bash
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$ vi nginx-deployment.yaml
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apiVersion: extensions/v1beta1
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kind: Deployment
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metadata:
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name: nginx-dm
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spec:
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replicas: 2
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template:
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metadata:
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labels:
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name: nginx
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spec:
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containers:
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- name: nginx
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image: nginx:alpine
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imagePullPolicy: IfNotPresent
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ports:
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- containerPort: 80
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volumeMounts:
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- name: gluster-dev-volume
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mountPath: "/usr/share/nginx/html"
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volumes:
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- name: gluster-dev-volume
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persistentVolumeClaim:
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claimName: glusterfs-nginx
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# 导入 deployment
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$ kubectl apply -f nginx-deployment.yaml
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# 查看 deployment
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$ kubectl get pods |grep nginx-dm
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nginx-dm-3698525684-g0mvt 1/1 Running 0 6s
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nginx-dm-3698525684-hbzq1 1/1 Running 0 6s
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# 查看 挂载
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$ kubectl exec -it nginx-dm-3698525684-g0mvt -- df -h|grep k8s-volume
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172.20.0.113:k8s-volume 1.0T 0 1.0T 0% /usr/share/nginx/html
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# 创建文件 测试
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$ kubectl exec -it nginx-dm-3698525684-g0mvt -- touch /usr/share/nginx/html/index.html
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$ kubectl exec -it nginx-dm-3698525684-g0mvt -- ls -lt /usr/share/nginx/html/index.html
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-rw-r--r-- 1 root root 0 May 4 11:36 /usr/share/nginx/html/index.html
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# 验证 glusterfs
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# 因为我们使用分布卷,所以可以看到某个节点中有文件
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2018-05-04 19:48:54 +08:00
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[root@test-001 ~] ls /opt/gfs_data/
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[root@test-002 ~] ls /opt/gfs_data/
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2017-05-04 20:05:19 +08:00
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index.html
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2018-05-04 19:48:54 +08:00
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[root@test-003 ~] ls /opt/gfs_data/
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2017-05-04 20:05:19 +08:00
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```
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## 参考
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2018-05-04 19:48:54 +08:00
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- [CentOS 7 安装 GlusterFS](http://www.cnblogs.com/jicki/p/5801712.html)
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