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使用Helm安装Nginx ingress
2017-10-27 19:09:01 +08:00
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序言
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1. Kubernetes与云原生应用概览
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2. 概念原理
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2.1 设计理念
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2.2 Objects
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2.2.1 Pod
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2.2.1.1 Pod解析
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2.2.1.2 Init容器
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2.2.1.3 Pod安全策略
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2.2.1.4 Pod的生命周期
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2.2.2 Node
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2.2.3 Namespace
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2.2.4 Service
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2.2.5 Volume和Persistent Volume
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2.2.6 Deployment
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2.2.7 Secret
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2.2.8 StatefulSet
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2.2.9 DaemonSet
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2.2.10 ServiceAccount
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2.2.11 ReplicationController和ReplicaSet
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2.2.12 Job
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2.2.13 CronJob
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2.2.14 Ingress
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2.2.15 ConfigMap
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2.2.16 Horizontal Pod Autoscaling
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2.2.17 Label
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2.2.18 垃圾收集
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2.2.19 NetworkPolicy
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3. 用户指南
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3.1 资源对象配置
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3.1.1 配置Pod的liveness和readiness探针
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3.1.2 配置Pod的Service Account
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3.1.3 Secret配置
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3.2.3 管理namespace中的资源配额
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3.2 命令使用
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3.2.1 使用kubectl
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3.2.2 docker用户过度到kubectl命令行指南
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3.3 集群安全性管理
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3.3.1 管理集群中的TLS
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3.3.2 kubelet的认证授权
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3.3.3 TLS bootstrap
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3.3.4 kubectl的用户认证授权
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3.3.5 RBAC——基于角色的访问控制
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<li class="chapter " data-level="1.4.3.6" data-path="../guide/ip-masq-agent.html">
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3.3.6 IP伪装代理
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3.4 访问 Kubernetes 集群
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3.4.1 访问集群
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3.4.2 使用 kubeconfig 文件配置跨集群认证
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3.4.3 通过端口转发访问集群中的应用程序
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3.4.4 使用 service 访问群集中的应用程序
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3.5 在kubernetes中开发部署应用
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3.5.1 适用于kubernetes的应用开发部署流程
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3.5.2 迁移传统应用到kubernetes中——以Hadoop YARN为例
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3.5.3 使用StatefulSet部署用状态应用
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4. 最佳实践
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4.1 在CentOS上部署kubernetes1.6集群
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<li class="chapter " data-level="1.5.1.1" data-path="create-tls-and-secret-key.html">
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4.1.1 创建TLS证书和秘钥
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4.1.2 创建kubeconfig文件
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4.1.3 创建高可用etcd集群
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4.1.4 安装kubectl命令行工具
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4.1.5 部署master节点
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4.1.6 部署node节点
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<li class="chapter " data-level="1.5.1.7" data-path="kubedns-addon-installation.html">
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4.1.7 安装kubedns插件
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<li class="chapter " data-level="1.5.1.8" data-path="dashboard-addon-installation.html">
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4.1.8 安装dashboard插件
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<li class="chapter " data-level="1.5.1.9" data-path="heapster-addon-installation.html">
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4.1.9 安装heapster插件
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<li class="chapter " data-level="1.5.1.10" data-path="efk-addon-installation.html">
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4.1.10 安装EFK插件
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<li class="chapter " data-level="1.5.2" data-path="service-discovery-and-loadbalancing.html">
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4.2 服务发现与负载均衡
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<li class="chapter " data-level="1.5.2.1" data-path="traefik-ingress-installation.html">
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4.2.1 安装Traefik ingress
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<li class="chapter " data-level="1.5.2.2" data-path="distributed-load-test.html">
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4.2.2 分布式负载测试
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4.2.3 网络和集群性能测试
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4.2.4 边缘节点配置
</a>
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4.2.5 使用Helm安装Nginx ingress
</a>
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<a href="operation.html">
4.3 运维管理
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<li class="chapter " data-level="1.5.3.1" data-path="service-rolling-update.html">
<a href="service-rolling-update.html">
4.3.1 服务滚动升级
</a>
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<li class="chapter " data-level="1.5.3.2" data-path="app-log-collection.html">
<a href="app-log-collection.html">
4.3.2 应用日志收集
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<li class="chapter " data-level="1.5.3.3" data-path="configuration-best-practice.html">
<a href="configuration-best-practice.html">
4.3.3 配置最佳实践
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4.3.4 集群及应用监控
</a>
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<li class="chapter " data-level="1.5.3.5" data-path="data-persistence-problem.html">
<a href="data-persistence-problem.html">
4.3.6 数据持久化问题
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<li class="chapter " data-level="1.5.3.6" data-path="manage-compute-resources-container.html">
<a href="manage-compute-resources-container.html">
4.3.7 管理容器的计算资源
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4.3.8 使用Prometheus监控kubernetes集群
</a>
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<a href="using-heapster-to-get-object-metrics.html">
4.3.9 使用Heapster获取集群和对象的metric数据
</a>
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<li class="chapter " data-level="1.5.3.9" data-path="manually-upgrade.html">
<a href="manually-upgrade.html">
4.3.10 手动集群升级
</a>
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4.4 存储管理
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<li class="chapter " data-level="1.5.4.1" data-path="glusterfs.html">
<a href="glusterfs.html">
4.4.1 GlusterFS
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<li class="chapter " data-level="1.5.4.1.1" data-path="using-glusterfs-for-persistent-storage.html">
<a href="using-glusterfs-for-persistent-storage.html">
4.4.1.1 使用GlusterFS做持久化存储
</a>
</li>
<li class="chapter " data-level="1.5.4.1.2" data-path="storage-for-containers-using-glusterfs-with-openshift.html">
<a href="storage-for-containers-using-glusterfs-with-openshift.html">
4.4.1.2 在OpenShift中使用GlusterFS做持久化存储
</a>
</li>
</ul>
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<li class="chapter " data-level="1.5.4.2" data-path="cephfs.html">
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4.4.2 CephFS
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<li class="chapter " data-level="1.5.4.2.1" data-path="using-ceph-for-persistent-storage.html">
<a href="using-ceph-for-persistent-storage.html">
4.4.2.1 使用Ceph做持久化存储
</a>
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</ul>
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<li class="chapter " data-level="1.5.5" data-path="services-management-tool.html">
<a href="services-management-tool.html">
4.5 服务编排管理
</a>
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<li class="chapter " data-level="1.5.5.1" data-path="helm.html">
<a href="helm.html">
4.5.1 使用Helm管理kubernetes应用
</a>
</li>
<li class="chapter " data-level="1.5.5.2" data-path="create-private-charts-repo.html">
<a href="create-private-charts-repo.html">
4.5.2 构建私有Chart仓库
</a>
</li>
</ul>
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<li class="chapter " data-level="1.5.6" data-path="ci-cd.html">
<a href="ci-cd.html">
4.6 持续集成与发布
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<ul class="articles">
<li class="chapter " data-level="1.5.6.1" data-path="jenkins-ci-cd.html">
<a href="jenkins-ci-cd.html">
4.6.1 使用Jenkins进行持续集成与发布
</a>
</li>
<li class="chapter " data-level="1.5.6.2" data-path="drone-ci-cd.html">
<a href="drone-ci-cd.html">
4.6.2 使用Drone进行持续集成与发布
</a>
</li>
</ul>
</li>
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5.1.1 微服务中的服务发现
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5.2 Service Mesh 服务网格
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5.1.1 Istio
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5.1.1.1 安装istio
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5.1.1.2 配置请求的路由规则
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5.1.2 Linkerd
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5.1.2.1 Linkerd 使用指南
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5.2 大数据
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5.2.1 Spark standalone on Kubernetes
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5.2.2 运行支持kubernetes原生调度的Spark程序
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5.3 Serverless架构
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5.4 边缘计算
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6. 开发指南
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6.1 开发环境搭建
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6.2 单元测试和集成测试
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6.3 client-go示例
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6.4 社区贡献
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6.5 Minikube
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7. 附录
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7.1 Docker最佳实践
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7.3 使用技巧
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7.4 kubernetes中的应用故障排查
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<a href=".." >4.2.5 使用Helm安装Nginx ingress</a>
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<h1 id="&#x4F7F;&#x7528;helm&#x5B89;&#x88C5;nginx-ingress">&#x4F7F;&#x7528;Helm&#x5B89;&#x88C5;Nginx ingress</h1>
<p><a href="https://github.com/kubernetes/ingress-nginx" target="_blank">Nginx ingress</a> &#x4F7F;&#x7528;ConfigMap&#x6765;&#x7BA1;&#x7406;Nginx&#x914D;&#x7F6E;&#xFF0C;nginx&#x662F;&#x5927;&#x5BB6;&#x719F;&#x77E5;&#x7684;&#x4EE3;&#x7406;&#x548C;&#x8D1F;&#x8F7D;&#x5747;&#x8861;&#x8F6F;&#x4EF6;&#xFF0C;&#x6BD4;&#x8D77;<a href="https://traefik.io" target="_blank">Traefik</a>&#x6765;&#x8BF4;&#x529F;&#x80FD;&#x66F4;&#x52A0;&#x5F3A;&#x5927;&#xFF0C;&#x6211;&#x4EEC;&#x4F7F;&#x7528;<a href="http://helm.sh" target="_blank">helm</a>&#x6765;&#x90E8;&#x7F72;&#xFF0C;<a href="https://github.com/kubernetes/charts" target="_blank">chart</a>&#x4FDD;&#x5B58;&#x5728;&#x79C1;&#x6709;&#x7684;&#x4ED3;&#x5E93;&#x4E2D;&#xFF0C;helm&#x5B89;&#x88C5;&#x4F7F;&#x7528;&#x89C1;<a href="helm.html">&#x4F7F;&#x7528;Helm&#x7BA1;&#x7406;kubernetes&#x5E94;&#x7528;</a>&#x3002;</p>
<p>&#x5B89;&#x88C5;&#x65F6;&#x9700;&#x8981;&#x7528;&#x5230;&#x7684;&#x955C;&#x50CF;&#x6709;&#xFF1A;</p>
<ul>
<li>sophos/nginx-vts-exporter:v0.6</li>
<li>gcr.io/google_containers/nginx-ingress-controller:0.9.0-beta.15</li>
<li>gcr.io/google_containers/defaultbackend:1.3</li>
</ul>
<p>gcr.io&#x4E2D;&#x7684;&#x90A3;&#x4E2A;&#x4E24;&#x4E2A;&#x955C;&#x50CF;&#x6211;&#x590D;&#x5236;&#x4E86;&#x4E00;&#x4EFD;&#x5230;&#x65F6;&#x901F;&#x4E91;&#xFF0C;&#x53EF;&#x4F9B;&#x5927;&#x5BB6;&#x4E0B;&#x8F7D;&#xFF1A;</p>
<ul>
<li>index.tenxcloud.com/jimmy/defaultbackend:1.3</li>
<li>index.tenxcloud.com/jimmy/nginx-ingress-controller:0.9.0-beta.15</li>
</ul>
<p>Docker hub&#x4E0A;&#x7684;&#x90A3;&#x4E2A;&#x955C;&#x50CF;&#x53EF;&#x4EE5;&#x76F4;&#x63A5;&#x4E0B;&#x8F7D;&#xFF0C;&#x6240;&#x6709;&#x7684;&#x5B89;&#x88C5;&#x65F6;&#x9700;&#x8981;&#x7684;&#x914D;&#x7F6E;&#x4FDD;&#x5B58;&#x5728;<a href="https://github.com/rootsongjc/kubernetes-handbook/blob/master/manifests/nginx-ingress" target="_blank">../manifests/nginx-ingress</a>&#x76EE;&#x5F55;&#x4E0B;&#x3002;</p>
<p><strong>&#x5B89;&#x88C5;nginx-ingress chart&#x5230;&#x672C;&#x5730;repo&#x4E2D;</strong></p>
<p>&#x4FEE;&#x6539;<code>values.yaml</code>&#x914D;&#x7F6E;&#xFF0C;&#x542F;&#x7528;RBAC&#x652F;&#x6301;&#xFF0C;&#x76F8;&#x5173;&#x914D;&#x7F6E;&#x89C1;<a href="https://github.com/kubernetes/charts/tree/master/stable/nginx-ingress#configuration" target="_blank">nginx-ingress chart</a>&#x3002;</p>
<pre><code class="lang-bash">helm package .
</code></pre>
<p><strong>&#x67E5;&#x770B;niginx-ingress</strong></p>
<pre><code class="lang-bash">$ helm search nginx-ingress
NAME VERSION DESCRIPTION
<span class="hljs-built_in">local</span>/nginx-ingress 0.8.9 An nginx Ingress controller that uses ConfigMap...
stable/nginx-ingress 0.8.9 An nginx Ingress controller that uses ConfigMap...
stable/nginx-lego 0.3.0 Chart <span class="hljs-keyword">for</span> nginx-ingress-controller and kube-lego
</code></pre>
<p><strong>&#x4F7F;&#x7528;helm&#x90E8;&#x7F72;nginx-ingress</strong></p>
<pre><code class="lang-bash">$ helm install --name nginx-ingress <span class="hljs-built_in">local</span>/nginx-ingress
NAME: nginx-ingress
LAST DEPLOYED: Fri Oct 27 18:26:58 2017
NAMESPACE: default
STATUS: DEPLOYED
RESOURCES:
==&gt; rbac.authorization.k8s.io/v1beta1/Role
NAME KIND
nginx-ingress-nginx-ingress Role.v1beta1.rbac.authorization.k8s.io
==&gt; rbac.authorization.k8s.io/v1beta1/RoleBinding
nginx-ingress-nginx-ingress RoleBinding.v1beta1.rbac.authorization.k8s.io
==&gt; v1/Service
NAME CLUSTER-IP EXTERNAL-IP PORT(S) AGE
nginx-ingress-nginx-ingress-controller 10.254.100.108 &lt;nodes&gt; 80:30484/TCP,443:31053/TCP 1s
nginx-ingress-nginx-ingress-default-backend 10.254.58.156 &lt;none&gt; 80/TCP 1s
==&gt; extensions/v1beta1/Deployment
NAME DESIRED CURRENT UP-TO-DATE AVAILABLE AGE
nginx-ingress-nginx-ingress-default-backend 1 1 1 0 1s
nginx-ingress-nginx-ingress-controller 1 1 1 0 1s
==&gt; v1/ConfigMap
NAME DATA AGE
nginx-ingress-nginx-ingress-controller 1 1s
==&gt; v1/ServiceAccount
NAME SECRETS AGE
nginx-ingress-nginx-ingress 1 1s
==&gt; rbac.authorization.k8s.io/v1beta1/ClusterRole
NAME KIND
nginx-ingress-nginx-ingress ClusterRole.v1beta1.rbac.authorization.k8s.io
==&gt; rbac.authorization.k8s.io/v1beta1/ClusterRoleBinding
nginx-ingress-nginx-ingress ClusterRoleBinding.v1beta1.rbac.authorization.k8s.io
NOTES:
The nginx-ingress controller has been installed.
Get the application URL by running these commands:
<span class="hljs-built_in">export</span> HTTP_NODE_PORT=$(kubectl --namespace default get services -o jsonpath=<span class="hljs-string">&quot;{.spec.ports[0].nodePort}&quot;</span> nginx-ingress-nginx-ingress-controller)
<span class="hljs-built_in">export</span> HTTPS_NODE_PORT=$(kubectl --namespace default get services -o jsonpath=<span class="hljs-string">&quot;{.spec.ports[1].nodePort}&quot;</span> nginx-ingress-nginx-ingress-controller)
<span class="hljs-built_in">export</span> NODE_IP=$(kubectl --namespace default get nodes -o jsonpath=<span class="hljs-string">&quot;{.items[0].status.addresses[1].address}&quot;</span>)
<span class="hljs-built_in">echo</span> <span class="hljs-string">&quot;Visit http://<span class="hljs-variable">$NODE_IP</span>:<span class="hljs-variable">$HTTP_NODE_PORT</span> to access your application via HTTP.&quot;</span>
<span class="hljs-built_in">echo</span> <span class="hljs-string">&quot;Visit https://<span class="hljs-variable">$NODE_IP</span>:<span class="hljs-variable">$HTTPS_NODE_PORT</span> to access your application via HTTPS.&quot;</span>
An example Ingress that makes use of the controller:
apiVersion: extensions/v1beta1
kind: Ingress
metadata:
annotations:
kubernetes.io/ingress.class: nginx
name: example
namespace: foo
spec:
rules:
- host: www.example.com
http:
paths:
- backend:
serviceName: exampleService
servicePort: 80
path: /
<span class="hljs-comment"># This section is only required if TLS is to be enabled for the Ingress</span>
tls:
- hosts:
- www.example.com
secretName: example-tls
If TLS is enabled <span class="hljs-keyword">for</span> the Ingress, a Secret containing the certificate and key must also be provided:
apiVersion: v1
kind: Secret
metadata:
name: example-tls
namespace: foo
data:
tls.crt: &lt;base64 encoded cert&gt;
tls.key: &lt;base64 encoded key&gt;
<span class="hljs-built_in">type</span>: kubernetes.io/tls
</code></pre>
<p><strong>&#x8BBF;&#x95EE;Nginx</strong></p>
<p>&#x9996;&#x5148;&#x83B7;&#x53D6;Nginx&#x7684;&#x5730;&#x5740;&#xFF0C;&#x4ECE;&#x6211;&#x4EEC;&#x4F7F;&#x7528;helm&#x5B89;&#x88C5;nginx-ingress&#x547D;&#x4EE4;&#x7684;&#x8F93;&#x51FA;&#x4E2D;&#x90A3;&#x4E2A;&#x53EF;&#x4EE5;&#x770B;&#x5230;&#x63D0;&#x793A;&#xFF0C;&#x6839;&#x636E;&#x63D0;&#x793A;&#x6267;&#x884C;&#x53EF;&#x4EE5;&#x770B;&#x5230;nginx&#x7684;http&#x548C;https&#x5730;&#x5740;&#xFF1A;</p>
<pre><code class="lang-bash"> <span class="hljs-built_in">export</span> HTTP_NODE_PORT=$(kubectl --namespace default get services -o jsonpath=<span class="hljs-string">&quot;{.spec.ports[0].nodePort}&quot;</span> nginx-ingress-nginx-ingress-controller)
<span class="hljs-built_in">export</span> HTTPS_NODE_PORT=$(kubectl --namespace default get services -o jsonpath=<span class="hljs-string">&quot;{.spec.ports[1].nodePort}&quot;</span> nginx-ingress-nginx-ingress-controller)
<span class="hljs-built_in">export</span> NODE_IP=$(kubectl --namespace default get nodes -o jsonpath=<span class="hljs-string">&quot;{.items[0].status.addresses[1].address}&quot;</span>)
<span class="hljs-built_in">echo</span> <span class="hljs-string">&quot;Visit http://<span class="hljs-variable">$NODE_IP</span>:<span class="hljs-variable">$HTTP_NODE_PORT</span> to access your application via HTTP.&quot;</span>
<span class="hljs-built_in">echo</span> <span class="hljs-string">&quot;Visit https://<span class="hljs-variable">$NODE_IP</span>:<span class="hljs-variable">$HTTPS_NODE_PORT</span> to access your application via HTTPS.&quot;</span>
Visit http://172.20.0.113:30484 to access your application via HTTP.
Visit https://172.20.0.113:31053 to access your application via HTTPS.
</code></pre>
<ul>
<li>http&#x5730;&#x5740;&#xFF1A;<a href="http://172.20.0.113:30484" target="_blank">http://172.20.0.113:30484</a></li>
<li>https&#x5730;&#x5740;&#xFF1A;<a href="https://172.20.0.113:31053" target="_blank">https://172.20.0.113:31053</a></li>
</ul>
<p>&#x6211;&#x4EEC;&#x5206;&#x522B;&#x5728;http&#x548C;https&#x5730;&#x5740;&#x4E0A;&#x6D4B;&#x8BD5;&#x4E00;&#x4E0B;&#xFF1A;</p>
<ul>
<li><code>/healthz</code>&#x8FD4;&#x56DE;200</li>
<li><code>/</code>&#x8FD4;&#x56DE;404&#x9519;&#x8BEF;</li>
</ul>
<pre><code class="lang-bash">curl -v http://172.20.0.113:30484/healthz
<span class="hljs-comment"># &#x8FD4;&#x56DE;200</span>
curl -v http://172.20.0.113:30484/
<span class="hljs-comment"># &#x8FD4;&#x56DE;404</span>
curl -v --insecure http://172.20.0.113:30484/healthz
<span class="hljs-comment"># &#x8FD4;&#x56DE;200</span>
curl -v --insecure http://172.20.0.113:30484/
<span class="hljs-comment"># &#x8FD4;&#x56DE;404</span>
</code></pre>
<p><strong>&#x5220;&#x9664;nginx-ingress</strong></p>
<pre><code class="lang-bash">helm delete --purge nginx-ingress
</code></pre>
<p>&#x4F7F;&#x7528;<code>--purge</code>&#x53C2;&#x6570;&#x53EF;&#x4EE5;&#x5F7B;&#x5E95;&#x5220;&#x9664;release&#x4E0D;&#x7559;&#x4E0B;&#x8BB0;&#x5F55;&#xFF0C;&#x5426;&#x5219;&#x4E0B;&#x4E00;&#x6B21;&#x90E8;&#x7F72;&#x7684;&#x65F6;&#x5019;&#x4E0D;&#x80FD;&#x4F7F;&#x7528;&#x91CD;&#x540D;&#x7684;release&#x3002;</p>
<h2 id="&#x53C2;&#x8003;">&#x53C2;&#x8003;</h2>
<p><a href="https://github.com/kubernetes/ingress-nginx" target="_blank">Ingress-nginx github</a></p>
<p><a href="https://github.com/kubernetes/charts/tree/master/stable/nginx-ingress" target="_blank">Nginx chart configuration</a></p>
<p><a href="practice/helm.md">&#x4F7F;&#x7528;Helm&#x7BA1;&#x7406;kubernetes&#x5E94;&#x7528;</a> </p>
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