2018-02-24 11:49:48 +08:00
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< a href = "https://jimmysong.io" target = "_blank" class = "custom-link" > Jimmy Song< / a >
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< li class = "divider" > < / li >
< li class = "header" > 前言< / li >
< li class = "chapter " data-level = "1.1" data-path = "../" >
< a href = "../" >
< b > 1.1.< / b >
序言
< / a >
2018-03-04 18:01:35 +08:00
< / li >
< li class = "chapter " data-level = "1.2" data-path = "../cloud-native/cncf.html" >
< a href = "../cloud-native/cncf.html" >
< b > 1.2.< / b >
CNCF - 云原生计算基金会简介
< / a >
2018-02-24 11:49:48 +08:00
< / li >
< li class = "header" > 云原生< / li >
< li class = "chapter " data-level = "2.1" data-path = "../cloud-native/play-with-kubernetes.html" >
< a href = "../cloud-native/play-with-kubernetes.html" >
< b > 2.1.< / b >
Play with Kubernetes
< / a >
< / li >
< li class = "chapter " data-level = "2.2" data-path = "../cloud-native/kubernetes-and-cloud-native-app-overview.html" >
< a href = "../cloud-native/kubernetes-and-cloud-native-app-overview.html" >
< b > 2.2.< / b >
Kubernetes与云原生应用概览
< / a >
< / li >
< li class = "chapter " data-level = "2.3" data-path = "../cloud-native/from-kubernetes-to-cloud-native.html" >
< a href = "../cloud-native/from-kubernetes-to-cloud-native.html" >
< b > 2.3.< / b >
云原生应用之路——从Kubernetes到Cloud Native
< / a >
< / li >
< li class = "header" > 概念与原理< / li >
< li class = "chapter " data-level = "3.1" data-path = "../concepts/" >
< a href = "../concepts/" >
< b > 3.1.< / b >
Kubernetes架构
< / a >
< ul class = "articles" >
< li class = "chapter " data-level = "3.1.1" data-path = "../concepts/concepts.html" >
< a href = "../concepts/concepts.html" >
< b > 3.1.1.< / b >
设计理念
< / a >
< / li >
< li class = "chapter " data-level = "3.1.2" data-path = "../concepts/etcd.html" >
< a href = "../concepts/etcd.html" >
< b > 3.1.2.< / b >
Etcd解析
< / a >
< / li >
< li class = "chapter " data-level = "3.1.3" data-path = "../concepts/open-interfaces.html" >
< a href = "../concepts/open-interfaces.html" >
< b > 3.1.3.< / b >
开放接口
< / a >
< ul class = "articles" >
< li class = "chapter " data-level = "3.1.3.1" data-path = "../concepts/cri.html" >
< a href = "../concepts/cri.html" >
< b > 3.1.3.1.< / b >
CRI - Container Runtime Interface（ ）
< / a >
< / li >
< li class = "chapter " data-level = "3.1.3.2" data-path = "../concepts/cni.html" >
< a href = "../concepts/cni.html" >
< b > 3.1.3.2.< / b >
CNI - Container Network Interface（ ）
< / a >
< / li >
< li class = "chapter " data-level = "3.1.3.3" data-path = "../concepts/csi.html" >
< a href = "../concepts/csi.html" >
< b > 3.1.3.3.< / b >
CSI - Container Storage Interface（ ）
< / a >
< / li >
< / ul >
< / li >
< li class = "chapter " data-level = "3.1.4" data-path = "../concepts/networking.html" >
< a href = "../concepts/networking.html" >
< b > 3.1.4.< / b >
Kubernetes中的网络解析——以flannel为例
< / a >
< / li >
< li class = "chapter " data-level = "3.1.5" data-path = "../concepts/calico.html" >
< a href = "../concepts/calico.html" >
< b > 3.1.5.< / b >
Kubernetes中的网络解析——以calico为例
< / a >
< / li >
< li class = "chapter " data-level = "3.1.6" data-path = "../concepts/objects.html" >
< a href = "../concepts/objects.html" >
< b > 3.1.6.< / b >
资源对象与基本概念解析
< / a >
< ul class = "articles" >
< li class = "chapter " data-level = "3.1.6.1" data-path = "../concepts/pod-state-and-lifecycle.html" >
< a href = "../concepts/pod-state-and-lifecycle.html" >
< b > 3.1.6.1.< / b >
Pod状态与生命周期管理
< / a >
< / li >
< li class = "chapter " data-level = "3.1.6.2" data-path = "../concepts/pod-overview.html" >
< a href = "../concepts/pod-overview.html" >
< b > 3.1.6.2.< / b >
Pod概览
< / a >
< / li >
< li class = "chapter " data-level = "3.1.6.3" data-path = "../concepts/pod.html" >
< a href = "../concepts/pod.html" >
< b > 3.1.6.3.< / b >
Pod解析
< / a >
< / li >
< li class = "chapter " data-level = "3.1.6.4" data-path = "../concepts/init-containers.html" >
< a href = "../concepts/init-containers.html" >
< b > 3.1.6.4.< / b >
Init容器
< / a >
< / li >
< li class = "chapter " data-level = "3.1.6.5" data-path = "../concepts/pod-security-policy.html" >
< a href = "../concepts/pod-security-policy.html" >
< b > 3.1.6.5.< / b >
Pod安全策略
< / a >
< / li >
< li class = "chapter " data-level = "3.1.6.6" data-path = "../concepts/pod-lifecycle.html" >
< a href = "../concepts/pod-lifecycle.html" >
< b > 3.1.6.6.< / b >
Pod的生命周期
< / a >
< / li >
< li class = "chapter " data-level = "3.1.6.7" data-path = "../concepts/pod-hook.html" >
< a href = "../concepts/pod-hook.html" >
< b > 3.1.6.7.< / b >
Pod Hook
< / a >
< / li >
< li class = "chapter " data-level = "3.1.6.8" data-path = "../concepts/pod-preset.html" >
< a href = "../concepts/pod-preset.html" >
< b > 3.1.6.8.< / b >
Pod Preset
< / a >
< / li >
< li class = "chapter " data-level = "3.1.6.9" data-path = "../concepts/pod-disruption-budget.html" >
< a href = "../concepts/pod-disruption-budget.html" >
< b > 3.1.6.9.< / b >
Pod中断与PDB（ ）
< / a >
< / li >
< / ul >
< / li >
< li class = "chapter " data-level = "3.1.7" data-path = "../concepts/cluster.html" >
< a href = "../concepts/cluster.html" >
< b > 3.1.7.< / b >
集群配置
< / a >
< ul class = "articles" >
< li class = "chapter " data-level = "3.1.7.1" data-path = "../concepts/node.html" >
< a href = "../concepts/node.html" >
< b > 3.1.7.1.< / b >
Node
< / a >
< / li >
< li class = "chapter " data-level = "3.1.7.2" data-path = "../concepts/namespace.html" >
< a href = "../concepts/namespace.html" >
< b > 3.1.7.2.< / b >
Namespace
< / a >
< / li >
< li class = "chapter " data-level = "3.1.7.3" data-path = "../concepts/label.html" >
< a href = "../concepts/label.html" >
< b > 3.1.7.3.< / b >
Label
< / a >
< / li >
< li class = "chapter " data-level = "3.1.7.4" data-path = "../concepts/annotation.html" >
< a href = "../concepts/annotation.html" >
< b > 3.1.7.4.< / b >
Annotation
< / a >
< / li >
< li class = "chapter " data-level = "3.1.7.5" data-path = "../concepts/taint-and-toleration.html" >
< a href = "../concepts/taint-and-toleration.html" >
< b > 3.1.7.5.< / b >
Taint和Toleration（ ）
< / a >
< / li >
< li class = "chapter " data-level = "3.1.7.6" data-path = "../concepts/garbage-collection.html" >
< a href = "../concepts/garbage-collection.html" >
< b > 3.1.7.6.< / b >
垃圾收集
< / a >
< / li >
< / ul >
< / li >
< li class = "chapter " data-level = "3.1.8" data-path = "../concepts/controllers.html" >
< a href = "../concepts/controllers.html" >
< b > 3.1.8.< / b >
控制器
< / a >
< ul class = "articles" >
< li class = "chapter " data-level = "3.1.8.1" data-path = "../concepts/deployment.html" >
< a href = "../concepts/deployment.html" >
< b > 3.1.8.1.< / b >
Deployment
< / a >
< / li >
< li class = "chapter " data-level = "3.1.8.2" data-path = "../concepts/statefulset.html" >
< a href = "../concepts/statefulset.html" >
< b > 3.1.8.2.< / b >
StatefulSet
< / a >
< / li >
< li class = "chapter " data-level = "3.1.8.3" data-path = "../concepts/daemonset.html" >
< a href = "../concepts/daemonset.html" >
< b > 3.1.8.3.< / b >
DaemonSet
< / a >
< / li >
< li class = "chapter " data-level = "3.1.8.4" data-path = "../concepts/replicaset.html" >
< a href = "../concepts/replicaset.html" >
< b > 3.1.8.4.< / b >
ReplicationController和ReplicaSet
< / a >
< / li >
< li class = "chapter " data-level = "3.1.8.5" data-path = "../concepts/job.html" >
< a href = "../concepts/job.html" >
< b > 3.1.8.5.< / b >
Job
< / a >
< / li >
< li class = "chapter " data-level = "3.1.8.6" data-path = "../concepts/cronjob.html" >
< a href = "../concepts/cronjob.html" >
< b > 3.1.8.6.< / b >
CronJob
< / a >
< / li >
< li class = "chapter " data-level = "3.1.8.7" data-path = "../concepts/horizontal-pod-autoscaling.html" >
< a href = "../concepts/horizontal-pod-autoscaling.html" >
< b > 3.1.8.7.< / b >
Horizontal Pod Autoscaling
< / a >
< ul class = "articles" >
< li class = "chapter " data-level = "3.1.8.7.1" data-path = "../concepts/custom-metrics-hpa.html" >
< a href = "../concepts/custom-metrics-hpa.html" >
< b > 3.1.8.7.1.< / b >
自定义指标HPA
< / a >
< / li >
< / ul >
< / li >
< / ul >
< / li >
< li class = "chapter " data-level = "3.1.9" data-path = "../concepts/service-discovery.html" >
< a href = "../concepts/service-discovery.html" >
< b > 3.1.9.< / b >
服务发现
< / a >
< ul class = "articles" >
< li class = "chapter " data-level = "3.1.9.1" data-path = "../concepts/service.html" >
< a href = "../concepts/service.html" >
< b > 3.1.9.1.< / b >
Service
< / a >
< / li >
< li class = "chapter " data-level = "3.1.9.2" data-path = "../concepts/ingress.html" >
< a href = "../concepts/ingress.html" >
< b > 3.1.9.2.< / b >
Ingress
< / a >
< ul class = "articles" >
< li class = "chapter " data-level = "3.1.9.2.1" data-path = "../concepts/traefik-ingress-controller.html" >
< a href = "../concepts/traefik-ingress-controller.html" >
< b > 3.1.9.2.1.< / b >
Traefik Ingress Controller
< / a >
< / li >
< / ul >
< / li >
< / ul >
< / li >
< li class = "chapter " data-level = "3.1.10" data-path = "../concepts/authentication-and-permission.html" >
< a href = "../concepts/authentication-and-permission.html" >
< b > 3.1.10.< / b >
身份与权限控制
< / a >
< ul class = "articles" >
< li class = "chapter " data-level = "3.1.10.1" data-path = "../concepts/serviceaccount.html" >
< a href = "../concepts/serviceaccount.html" >
< b > 3.1.10.1.< / b >
ServiceAccount
< / a >
< / li >
< li class = "chapter " data-level = "3.1.10.2" data-path = "../concepts/rbac.html" >
< a href = "../concepts/rbac.html" >
< b > 3.1.10.2.< / b >
RBAC——基于角色的访问控制
< / a >
< / li >
< li class = "chapter " data-level = "3.1.10.3" data-path = "../concepts/network-policy.html" >
< a href = "../concepts/network-policy.html" >
< b > 3.1.10.3.< / b >
NetworkPolicy
< / a >
< / li >
< / ul >
< / li >
< li class = "chapter " data-level = "3.1.11" data-path = "../concepts/storage.html" >
< a href = "../concepts/storage.html" >
< b > 3.1.11.< / b >
存储
< / a >
< ul class = "articles" >
< li class = "chapter " data-level = "3.1.11.1" data-path = "../concepts/secret.html" >
< a href = "../concepts/secret.html" >
< b > 3.1.11.1.< / b >
Secret
< / a >
< / li >
< li class = "chapter " data-level = "3.1.11.2" data-path = "../concepts/configmap.html" >
< a href = "../concepts/configmap.html" >
< b > 3.1.11.2.< / b >
ConfigMap
< / a >
< ul class = "articles" >
< li class = "chapter " data-level = "3.1.11.2.1" data-path = "../concepts/configmap-hot-update.html" >
< a href = "../concepts/configmap-hot-update.html" >
< b > 3.1.11.2.1.< / b >
ConfigMap的热更新
< / a >
< / li >
< / ul >
< / li >
< li class = "chapter " data-level = "3.1.11.3" data-path = "../concepts/volume.html" >
< a href = "../concepts/volume.html" >
< b > 3.1.11.3.< / b >
Volume
< / a >
< / li >
< li class = "chapter " data-level = "3.1.11.4" data-path = "../concepts/persistent-volume.html" >
< a href = "../concepts/persistent-volume.html" >
< b > 3.1.11.4.< / b >
Persistent Volume（ ）
< / a >
< / li >
< li class = "chapter " data-level = "3.1.11.5" data-path = "../concepts/storageclass.html" >
< a href = "../concepts/storageclass.html" >
< b > 3.1.11.5.< / b >
Storage Class
< / a >
< / li >
< / ul >
< / li >
< li class = "chapter " data-level = "3.1.12" data-path = "../concepts/extension.html" >
< a href = "../concepts/extension.html" >
< b > 3.1.12.< / b >
扩展
< / a >
< ul class = "articles" >
< li class = "chapter " data-level = "3.1.12.1" data-path = "../concepts/custom-resource.html" >
< a href = "../concepts/custom-resource.html" >
< b > 3.1.12.1.< / b >
使用自定义资源扩展API
< / a >
< / li >
< li class = "chapter " data-level = "3.1.12.2" data-path = "../concepts/aggregated-api-server.html" >
< a href = "../concepts/aggregated-api-server.html" >
< b > 3.1.12.2.< / b >
Aggregated API Server
< / a >
< / li >
< li class = "chapter " data-level = "3.1.12.3" data-path = "../concepts/apiservice.html" >
< a href = "../concepts/apiservice.html" >
< b > 3.1.12.3.< / b >
APIService
< / a >
< / li >
< / ul >
< / li >
< / ul >
< / li >
< li class = "header" > 用户指南< / li >
< li class = "chapter " data-level = "4.1" data-path = "../guide/" >
< a href = "../guide/" >
< b > 4.1.< / b >
用户指南
< / a >
< / li >
< li class = "chapter " data-level = "4.2" data-path = "../guide/resource-configuration.html" >
< a href = "../guide/resource-configuration.html" >
< b > 4.2.< / b >
资源对象配置
< / a >
< ul class = "articles" >
< li class = "chapter " data-level = "4.2.1" data-path = "../guide/configure-liveness-readiness-probes.html" >
< a href = "../guide/configure-liveness-readiness-probes.html" >
< b > 4.2.1.< / b >
配置Pod的liveness和readiness探针
< / a >
< / li >
< li class = "chapter " data-level = "4.2.2" data-path = "../guide/configure-pod-service-account.html" >
< a href = "../guide/configure-pod-service-account.html" >
< b > 4.2.2.< / b >
配置Pod的Service Account
< / a >
< / li >
< li class = "chapter " data-level = "4.2.3" data-path = "../guide/secret-configuration.html" >
< a href = "../guide/secret-configuration.html" >
< b > 4.2.3.< / b >
Secret配置
< / a >
< / li >
< li class = "chapter " data-level = "4.2.4" data-path = "../guide/resource-quota-management.html" >
< a href = "../guide/resource-quota-management.html" >
< b > 4.2.4.< / b >
管理namespace中的资源配额
< / a >
< / li >
< / ul >
< / li >
< li class = "chapter " data-level = "4.3" data-path = "../guide/command-usage.html" >
< a href = "../guide/command-usage.html" >
< b > 4.3.< / b >
命令使用
< / a >
< ul class = "articles" >
< li class = "chapter " data-level = "4.3.1" data-path = "../guide/docker-cli-to-kubectl.html" >
< a href = "../guide/docker-cli-to-kubectl.html" >
< b > 4.3.1.< / b >
docker用户过度到kubectl命令行指南
< / a >
< / li >
< li class = "chapter " data-level = "4.3.2" data-path = "../guide/using-kubectl.html" >
< a href = "../guide/using-kubectl.html" >
< b > 4.3.2.< / b >
kubectl命令概览
< / a >
< / li >
< li class = "chapter " data-level = "4.3.3" data-path = "../guide/kubectl-cheatsheet.html" >
< a href = "../guide/kubectl-cheatsheet.html" >
< b > 4.3.3.< / b >
kubectl命令技巧大全
< / a >
< / li >
< li class = "chapter " data-level = "4.3.4" data-path = "../guide/using-etcdctl-to-access-kubernetes-data.html" >
< a href = "../guide/using-etcdctl-to-access-kubernetes-data.html" >
< b > 4.3.4.< / b >
使用etcdctl访问kubernetes数据
< / a >
< / li >
< / ul >
< / li >
< li class = "chapter " data-level = "4.4" data-path = "../guide/cluster-security-management.html" >
< a href = "../guide/cluster-security-management.html" >
< b > 4.4.< / b >
集群安全性管理
< / a >
< ul class = "articles" >
< li class = "chapter " data-level = "4.4.1" data-path = "../guide/managing-tls-in-a-cluster.html" >
< a href = "../guide/managing-tls-in-a-cluster.html" >
< b > 4.4.1.< / b >
管理集群中的TLS
< / a >
< / li >
< li class = "chapter " data-level = "4.4.2" data-path = "../guide/kubelet-authentication-authorization.html" >
< a href = "../guide/kubelet-authentication-authorization.html" >
< b > 4.4.2.< / b >
kubelet的认证授权
< / a >
< / li >
< li class = "chapter " data-level = "4.4.3" data-path = "../guide/tls-bootstrapping.html" >
< a href = "../guide/tls-bootstrapping.html" >
< b > 4.4.3.< / b >
TLS bootstrap
< / a >
< / li >
< li class = "chapter " data-level = "4.4.4" data-path = "../guide/kubectl-user-authentication-authorization.html" >
< a href = "../guide/kubectl-user-authentication-authorization.html" >
< b > 4.4.4.< / b >
创建用户认证授权的kubeconfig文件
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< / li >
< li class = "chapter " data-level = "4.4.5" data-path = "../guide/ip-masq-agent.html" >
< a href = "../guide/ip-masq-agent.html" >
< b > 4.4.5.< / b >
IP伪装代理
< / a >
< / li >
< li class = "chapter " data-level = "4.4.6" data-path = "../guide/auth-with-kubeconfig-or-token.html" >
< a href = "../guide/auth-with-kubeconfig-or-token.html" >
< b > 4.4.6.< / b >
使用kubeconfig或token进行用户身份认证
< / a >
< / li >
< li class = "chapter " data-level = "4.4.7" data-path = "../guide/authentication.html" >
< a href = "../guide/authentication.html" >
< b > 4.4.7.< / b >
Kubernetes中的用户与身份认证授权
< / a >
< / li >
< / ul >
< / li >
< li class = "chapter " data-level = "4.5" data-path = "../guide/access-kubernetes-cluster.html" >
< a href = "../guide/access-kubernetes-cluster.html" >
< b > 4.5.< / b >
访问Kubernetes集群
< / a >
< ul class = "articles" >
< li class = "chapter " data-level = "4.5.1" data-path = "../guide/access-cluster.html" >
< a href = "../guide/access-cluster.html" >
< b > 4.5.1.< / b >
访问集群
< / a >
< / li >
< li class = "chapter " data-level = "4.5.2" data-path = "../guide/authenticate-across-clusters-kubeconfig.html" >
< a href = "../guide/authenticate-across-clusters-kubeconfig.html" >
< b > 4.5.2.< / b >
使用kubeconfig文件配置跨集群认证
< / a >
< / li >
< li class = "chapter " data-level = "4.5.3" data-path = "../guide/connecting-to-applications-port-forward.html" >
< a href = "../guide/connecting-to-applications-port-forward.html" >
< b > 4.5.3.< / b >
通过端口转发访问集群中的应用程序
< / a >
< / li >
< li class = "chapter " data-level = "4.5.4" data-path = "../guide/service-access-application-cluster.html" >
< a href = "../guide/service-access-application-cluster.html" >
< b > 4.5.4.< / b >
使用service访问群集中的应用程序
< / a >
< / li >
< li class = "chapter " data-level = "4.5.5" data-path = "../guide/accessing-kubernetes-pods-from-outside-of-the-cluster.html" >
< a href = "../guide/accessing-kubernetes-pods-from-outside-of-the-cluster.html" >
< b > 4.5.5.< / b >
从外部访问Kubernetes中的Pod
< / a >
< / li >
< li class = "chapter " data-level = "4.5.6" data-path = "../guide/cabin-mobile-dashboard-for-kubernetes.html" >
< a href = "../guide/cabin-mobile-dashboard-for-kubernetes.html" >
< b > 4.5.6.< / b >
Cabin - Kubernetes手机客户端
< / a >
< / li >
< li class = "chapter " data-level = "4.5.7" data-path = "../guide/kubernetes-desktop-client.html" >
< a href = "../guide/kubernetes-desktop-client.html" >
< b > 4.5.7.< / b >
Kubernetic - Kubernetes桌面客户端
< / a >
< / li >
< li class = "chapter " data-level = "4.5.8" data-path = "../guide/kubernator-kubernetes-ui.html" >
< a href = "../guide/kubernator-kubernetes-ui.html" >
< b > 4.5.8.< / b >
Kubernator - 更底层的Kubernetes UI
< / a >
< / li >
< / ul >
< / li >
< li class = "chapter " data-level = "4.6" data-path = "../guide/application-development-deployment-flow.html" >
< a href = "../guide/application-development-deployment-flow.html" >
< b > 4.6.< / b >
在Kubernetes中开发部署应用
< / a >
< ul class = "articles" >
< li class = "chapter " data-level = "4.6.1" data-path = "../guide/deploy-applications-in-kubernetes.html" >
< a href = "../guide/deploy-applications-in-kubernetes.html" >
< b > 4.6.1.< / b >
适用于kubernetes的应用开发部署流程
< / a >
< / li >
< li class = "chapter " data-level = "4.6.2" data-path = "../guide/migrating-hadoop-yarn-to-kubernetes.html" >
< a href = "../guide/migrating-hadoop-yarn-to-kubernetes.html" >
< b > 4.6.2.< / b >
迁移传统应用到Kubernetes中——以Hadoop YARN为例
< / a >
< / li >
< li class = "chapter " data-level = "4.6.3" data-path = "../guide/using-statefulset.html" >
< a href = "../guide/using-statefulset.html" >
< b > 4.6.3.< / b >
使用StatefulSet部署用状态应用
< / a >
< / li >
< / ul >
< / li >
< li class = "header" > 最佳实践< / li >
< li class = "chapter " data-level = "5.1" data-path = "./" >
< a href = "./" >
< b > 5.1.< / b >
最佳实践概览
< / a >
< / li >
< li class = "chapter " data-level = "5.2" data-path = "install-kubernetes-on-centos.html" >
< a href = "install-kubernetes-on-centos.html" >
< b > 5.2.< / b >
在CentOS上部署Kubernetes集群
< / a >
< ul class = "articles" >
< li class = "chapter " data-level = "5.2.1" data-path = "create-tls-and-secret-key.html" >
< a href = "create-tls-and-secret-key.html" >
< b > 5.2.1.< / b >
创建TLS证书和秘钥
< / a >
< / li >
< li class = "chapter " data-level = "5.2.2" data-path = "create-kubeconfig.html" >
< a href = "create-kubeconfig.html" >
< b > 5.2.2.< / b >
创建kubeconfig文件
< / a >
< / li >
< li class = "chapter " data-level = "5.2.3" data-path = "etcd-cluster-installation.html" >
< a href = "etcd-cluster-installation.html" >
< b > 5.2.3.< / b >
创建高可用etcd集群
< / a >
< / li >
< li class = "chapter " data-level = "5.2.4" data-path = "kubectl-installation.html" >
< a href = "kubectl-installation.html" >
< b > 5.2.4.< / b >
安装kubectl命令行工具
< / a >
< / li >
< li class = "chapter " data-level = "5.2.5" data-path = "master-installation.html" >
< a href = "master-installation.html" >
< b > 5.2.5.< / b >
部署master节点
< / a >
< / li >
< li class = "chapter " data-level = "5.2.6" data-path = "flannel-installation.html" >
< a href = "flannel-installation.html" >
< b > 5.2.6.< / b >
安装flannel网络插件
< / a >
< / li >
< li class = "chapter " data-level = "5.2.7" data-path = "node-installation.html" >
< a href = "node-installation.html" >
< b > 5.2.7.< / b >
部署node节点
< / a >
< / li >
< li class = "chapter " data-level = "5.2.8" data-path = "kubedns-addon-installation.html" >
< a href = "kubedns-addon-installation.html" >
< b > 5.2.8.< / b >
安装kubedns插件
< / a >
< / li >
< li class = "chapter " data-level = "5.2.9" data-path = "dashboard-addon-installation.html" >
< a href = "dashboard-addon-installation.html" >
< b > 5.2.9.< / b >
安装dashboard插件
< / a >
< / li >
< li class = "chapter " data-level = "5.2.10" data-path = "heapster-addon-installation.html" >
< a href = "heapster-addon-installation.html" >
< b > 5.2.10.< / b >
安装heapster插件
< / a >
< / li >
< li class = "chapter " data-level = "5.2.11" data-path = "efk-addon-installation.html" >
< a href = "efk-addon-installation.html" >
< b > 5.2.11.< / b >
安装EFK插件
< / a >
< / li >
< / ul >
< / li >
< li class = "chapter " data-level = "5.3" data-path = "service-discovery-and-loadbalancing.html" >
< a href = "service-discovery-and-loadbalancing.html" >
< b > 5.3.< / b >
服务发现与负载均衡
< / a >
< ul class = "articles" >
< li class = "chapter " data-level = "5.3.1" data-path = "traefik-ingress-installation.html" >
< a href = "traefik-ingress-installation.html" >
< b > 5.3.1.< / b >
安装Traefik ingress
< / a >
< / li >
< li class = "chapter " data-level = "5.3.2" data-path = "distributed-load-test.html" >
< a href = "distributed-load-test.html" >
< b > 5.3.2.< / b >
分布式负载测试
< / a >
< / li >
< li class = "chapter " data-level = "5.3.3" data-path = "network-and-cluster-perfermance-test.html" >
< a href = "network-and-cluster-perfermance-test.html" >
< b > 5.3.3.< / b >
网络和集群性能测试
< / a >
< / li >
< li class = "chapter " data-level = "5.3.4" data-path = "edge-node-configuration.html" >
< a href = "edge-node-configuration.html" >
< b > 5.3.4.< / b >
边缘节点配置
< / a >
< / li >
< li class = "chapter " data-level = "5.3.5" data-path = "nginx-ingress-installation.html" >
< a href = "nginx-ingress-installation.html" >
< b > 5.3.5.< / b >
安装Nginx ingress
< / a >
< / li >
< li class = "chapter " data-level = "5.3.6" data-path = "configuring-dns.html" >
< a href = "configuring-dns.html" >
< b > 5.3.6.< / b >
配置内置DNS（ ）
< / a >
< / li >
< / ul >
< / li >
< li class = "chapter " data-level = "5.4" data-path = "operation.html" >
< a href = "operation.html" >
< b > 5.4.< / b >
运维管理
< / a >
< ul class = "articles" >
< li class = "chapter " data-level = "5.4.1" data-path = "service-rolling-update.html" >
< a href = "service-rolling-update.html" >
< b > 5.4.1.< / b >
服务滚动升级
< / a >
< / li >
< li class = "chapter " data-level = "5.4.2" data-path = "app-log-collection.html" >
< a href = "app-log-collection.html" >
< b > 5.4.2.< / b >
应用日志收集
< / a >
< / li >
< li class = "chapter " data-level = "5.4.3" data-path = "configuration-best-practice.html" >
< a href = "configuration-best-practice.html" >
< b > 5.4.3.< / b >
配置最佳实践
< / a >
< / li >
< li class = "chapter " data-level = "5.4.4" data-path = "monitor.html" >
< a href = "monitor.html" >
< b > 5.4.4.< / b >
集群及应用监控
< / a >
< / li >
< li class = "chapter " data-level = "5.4.5" data-path = "data-persistence-problem.html" >
< a href = "data-persistence-problem.html" >
< b > 5.4.5.< / b >
数据持久化问题
< / a >
< / li >
< li class = "chapter " data-level = "5.4.6" data-path = "manage-compute-resources-container.html" >
< a href = "manage-compute-resources-container.html" >
< b > 5.4.6.< / b >
管理容器的计算资源
< / a >
< / li >
< li class = "chapter active" data-level = "5.4.7" data-path = "federation.html" >
< a href = "federation.html" >
< b > 5.4.7.< / b >
集群联邦
< / a >
< / li >
< / ul >
< / li >
< li class = "chapter " data-level = "5.5" data-path = "storage.html" >
< a href = "storage.html" >
< b > 5.5.< / b >
存储管理
< / a >
< ul class = "articles" >
< li class = "chapter " data-level = "5.5.1" data-path = "glusterfs.html" >
< a href = "glusterfs.html" >
< b > 5.5.1.< / b >
GlusterFS
< / a >
< ul class = "articles" >
< li class = "chapter " data-level = "5.5.1.1" data-path = "using-glusterfs-for-persistent-storage.html" >
< a href = "using-glusterfs-for-persistent-storage.html" >
< b > 5.5.1.1.< / b >
使用GlusterFS做持久化存储
< / a >
< / li >
< li class = "chapter " data-level = "5.5.1.2" data-path = "storage-for-containers-using-glusterfs-with-openshift.html" >
< a href = "storage-for-containers-using-glusterfs-with-openshift.html" >
< b > 5.5.1.2.< / b >
在OpenShift中使用GlusterFS做持久化存储
< / a >
< / li >
< / ul >
< / li >
< li class = "chapter " data-level = "5.5.2" data-path = "cephfs.html" >
< a href = "cephfs.html" >
< b > 5.5.2.< / b >
CephFS
< / a >
< ul class = "articles" >
< li class = "chapter " data-level = "5.5.2.1" data-path = "using-ceph-for-persistent-storage.html" >
< a href = "using-ceph-for-persistent-storage.html" >
< b > 5.5.2.1.< / b >
使用Ceph做持久化存储
< / a >
< / li >
< / ul >
< / li >
< li class = "chapter " data-level = "5.5.3" data-path = "openebs.html" >
< a href = "openebs.html" >
< b > 5.5.3.< / b >
OpenEBS
< / a >
< ul class = "articles" >
< li class = "chapter " data-level = "5.5.3.1" data-path = "using-openebs-for-persistent-storage.html" >
< a href = "using-openebs-for-persistent-storage.html" >
< b > 5.5.3.1.< / b >
使用OpenEBS做持久化存储
< / a >
< / li >
< / ul >
2018-02-24 22:56:37 +08:00
< / li >
< li class = "chapter " data-level = "5.5.4" data-path = "rook.html" >
< a href = "rook.html" >
< b > 5.5.4.< / b >
Rook
< / a >
2018-02-24 11:49:48 +08:00
< / li >
< / ul >
< / li >
< li class = "chapter " data-level = "5.6" data-path = "monitoring.html" >
< a href = "monitoring.html" >
< b > 5.6.< / b >
集群与应用监控
< / a >
< ul class = "articles" >
< li class = "chapter " data-level = "5.6.1" data-path = "heapster.html" >
< a href = "heapster.html" >
< b > 5.6.1.< / b >
Heapster
< / a >
< ul class = "articles" >
< li class = "chapter " data-level = "5.6.1.1" data-path = "using-heapster-to-get-object-metrics.html" >
< a href = "using-heapster-to-get-object-metrics.html" >
< b > 5.6.1.1.< / b >
使用Heapster获取集群和对象的metric数据
< / a >
< / li >
< / ul >
< / li >
< li class = "chapter " data-level = "5.6.2" data-path = "prometheus.html" >
< a href = "prometheus.html" >
< b > 5.6.2.< / b >
Prometheus
< / a >
< ul class = "articles" >
< li class = "chapter " data-level = "5.6.2.1" data-path = "using-prometheus-to-monitor-kuberentes-cluster.html" >
< a href = "using-prometheus-to-monitor-kuberentes-cluster.html" >
< b > 5.6.2.1.< / b >
使用Prometheus监控kubernetes集群
< / a >
< / li >
< / ul >
< / li >
< / ul >
< / li >
< li class = "chapter " data-level = "5.7" data-path = "services-management-tool.html" >
< a href = "services-management-tool.html" >
< b > 5.7.< / b >
服务编排管理
< / a >
< ul class = "articles" >
< li class = "chapter " data-level = "5.7.1" data-path = "helm.html" >
< a href = "helm.html" >
< b > 5.7.1.< / b >
使用Helm管理kubernetes应用
< / a >
< / li >
< li class = "chapter " data-level = "5.7.2" data-path = "create-private-charts-repo.html" >
< a href = "create-private-charts-repo.html" >
< b > 5.7.2.< / b >
构建私有Chart仓库
< / a >
< / li >
< / ul >
< / li >
< li class = "chapter " data-level = "5.8" data-path = "ci-cd.html" >
< a href = "ci-cd.html" >
< b > 5.8.< / b >
持续集成与发布
< / a >
< ul class = "articles" >
< li class = "chapter " data-level = "5.8.1" data-path = "jenkins-ci-cd.html" >
< a href = "jenkins-ci-cd.html" >
< b > 5.8.1.< / b >
使用Jenkins进行持续集成与发布
< / a >
< / li >
< li class = "chapter " data-level = "5.8.2" data-path = "drone-ci-cd.html" >
< a href = "drone-ci-cd.html" >
< b > 5.8.2.< / b >
使用Drone进行持续集成与发布
< / a >
< / li >
< / ul >
< / li >
< li class = "chapter " data-level = "5.9" data-path = "update-and-upgrade.html" >
< a href = "update-and-upgrade.html" >
< b > 5.9.< / b >
更新与升级
< / a >
< ul class = "articles" >
< li class = "chapter " data-level = "5.9.1" data-path = "manually-upgrade.html" >
< a href = "manually-upgrade.html" >
< b > 5.9.1.< / b >
手动升级Kubernetes集群
< / a >
< / li >
< li class = "chapter " data-level = "5.9.2" data-path = "dashboard-upgrade.html" >
< a href = "dashboard-upgrade.html" >
< b > 5.9.2.< / b >
升级dashboard
< / a >
< / li >
< / ul >
< / li >
< li class = "header" > 领域应用< / li >
< li class = "chapter " data-level = "6.1" data-path = "../usecases/" >
< a href = "../usecases/" >
< b > 6.1.< / b >
领域应用概览
< / a >
< / li >
< li class = "chapter " data-level = "6.2" data-path = "../usecases/microservices.html" >
< a href = "../usecases/microservices.html" >
< b > 6.2.< / b >
微服务架构
< / a >
< ul class = "articles" >
< li class = "chapter " data-level = "6.2.1" data-path = "../usecases/service-discovery-in-microservices.html" >
< a href = "../usecases/service-discovery-in-microservices.html" >
< b > 6.2.1.< / b >
微服务中的服务发现
< / a >
< / li >
< / ul >
< / li >
< li class = "chapter " data-level = "6.3" data-path = "../usecases/service-mesh.html" >
< a href = "../usecases/service-mesh.html" >
< b > 6.3.< / b >
Service Mesh 服务网格
< / a >
< ul class = "articles" >
< li class = "chapter " data-level = "6.3.1" data-path = "../usecases/istio.html" >
< a href = "../usecases/istio.html" >
< b > 6.3.1.< / b >
Istio
< / a >
< ul class = "articles" >
< li class = "chapter " data-level = "6.3.1.1" data-path = "../usecases/istio-installation.html" >
< a href = "../usecases/istio-installation.html" >
< b > 6.3.1.1.< / b >
安装并试用Istio service mesh
< / a >
< / li >
< li class = "chapter " data-level = "6.3.1.2" data-path = "../usecases/configuring-request-routing.html" >
< a href = "../usecases/configuring-request-routing.html" >
< b > 6.3.1.2.< / b >
配置请求的路由规则
< / a >
< / li >
< li class = "chapter " data-level = "6.3.1.3" data-path = "../usecases/install-and-expand-istio-mesh.html" >
< a href = "../usecases/install-and-expand-istio-mesh.html" >
< b > 6.3.1.3.< / b >
安装和拓展Istio service mesh
< / a >
< / li >
< li class = "chapter " data-level = "6.3.1.4" data-path = "../usecases/integrating-vms.html" >
< a href = "../usecases/integrating-vms.html" >
< b > 6.3.1.4.< / b >
集成虚拟机
< / a >
< / li >
< / ul >
< / li >
< li class = "chapter " data-level = "6.3.2" data-path = "../usecases/linkerd.html" >
< a href = "../usecases/linkerd.html" >
< b > 6.3.2.< / b >
Linkerd
< / a >
< ul class = "articles" >
< li class = "chapter " data-level = "6.3.2.1" data-path = "../usecases/linkerd-user-guide.html" >
< a href = "../usecases/linkerd-user-guide.html" >
< b > 6.3.2.1.< / b >
Linkerd 使用指南
< / a >
< / li >
< / ul >
< / li >
< li class = "chapter " data-level = "6.3.3" data-path = "../usecases/conduit.html" >
< a href = "../usecases/conduit.html" >
< b > 6.3.3.< / b >
Conduit
< / a >
< ul class = "articles" >
< li class = "chapter " data-level = "6.3.3.1" data-path = "../usecases/conduit-overview.html" >
< a href = "../usecases/conduit-overview.html" >
< b > 6.3.3.1.< / b >
Condiut概览
< / a >
< / li >
< li class = "chapter " data-level = "6.3.3.2" data-path = "../usecases/conduit-installation.html" >
< a href = "../usecases/conduit-installation.html" >
< b > 6.3.3.2.< / b >
安装Conduit
< / a >
< / li >
< / ul >
< / li >
< / ul >
< / li >
< li class = "chapter " data-level = "6.4" data-path = "../usecases/big-data.html" >
< a href = "../usecases/big-data.html" >
< b > 6.4.< / b >
大数据
< / a >
< ul class = "articles" >
< li class = "chapter " data-level = "6.4.1" data-path = "../usecases/spark-standalone-on-kubernetes.html" >
< a href = "../usecases/spark-standalone-on-kubernetes.html" >
< b > 6.4.1.< / b >
Spark standalone on Kubernetes
< / a >
< / li >
< li class = "chapter " data-level = "6.4.2" data-path = "../usecases/running-spark-with-kubernetes-native-scheduler.html" >
< a href = "../usecases/running-spark-with-kubernetes-native-scheduler.html" >
< b > 6.4.2.< / b >
运行支持Kubernetes原生调度的Spark程序
< / a >
< / li >
< / ul >
< / li >
< li class = "chapter " data-level = "6.5" data-path = "../usecases/serverless.html" >
< a href = "../usecases/serverless.html" >
< b > 6.5.< / b >
Serverless架构
< / a >
< ul class = "articles" >
< li class = "chapter " data-level = "6.5.1" data-path = "../usecases/understanding-serverless.html" >
< a href = "../usecases/understanding-serverless.html" >
< b > 6.5.1.< / b >
理解Serverless
< / a >
< / li >
< li class = "chapter " data-level = "6.5.2" data-path = "../usecases/faas.html" >
< a href = "../usecases/faas.html" >
< b > 6.5.2.< / b >
FaaS-函数即服务
< / a >
< ul class = "articles" >
< li class = "chapter " data-level = "6.5.2.1" data-path = "../usecases/openfaas-quick-start.html" >
< a href = "../usecases/openfaas-quick-start.html" >
< b > 6.5.2.1.< / b >
OpenFaaS快速入门指南
< / a >
< / li >
< / ul >
< / li >
< / ul >
< / li >
< li class = "chapter " data-level = "6.6" data-path = "../usecases/edge-computing.html" >
< a href = "../usecases/edge-computing.html" >
< b > 6.6.< / b >
边缘计算
< / a >
< / li >
< li class = "header" > 开发指南< / li >
< li class = "chapter " data-level = "7.1" data-path = "../develop/" >
< a href = "../develop/" >
< b > 7.1.< / b >
开发指南概览
< / a >
< / li >
< li class = "chapter " data-level = "7.2" data-path = "../develop/sigs-and-working-group.html" >
< a href = "../develop/sigs-and-working-group.html" >
< b > 7.2.< / b >
SIG和工作组
< / a >
< / li >
< li class = "chapter " data-level = "7.3" data-path = "../develop/developing-environment.html" >
< a href = "../develop/developing-environment.html" >
< b > 7.3.< / b >
开发环境搭建
< / a >
< / li >
< li class = "chapter " data-level = "7.4" data-path = "../develop/using-vagrant-and-virtualbox-for-development.html" >
< a href = "../develop/using-vagrant-and-virtualbox-for-development.html" >
< b > 7.4.< / b >
本地分布式开发环境搭建（ ）
< / a >
< / li >
< li class = "chapter " data-level = "7.5" data-path = "../develop/testing.html" >
< a href = "../develop/testing.html" >
< b > 7.5.< / b >
单元测试和集成测试
< / a >
< / li >
< li class = "chapter " data-level = "7.6" data-path = "../develop/client-go-sample.html" >
< a href = "../develop/client-go-sample.html" >
< b > 7.6.< / b >
client-go示例
< / a >
< / li >
< li class = "chapter " data-level = "7.7" data-path = "../develop/operator.html" >
< a href = "../develop/operator.html" >
< b > 7.7.< / b >
Operator
< / a >
< / li >
< li class = "chapter " data-level = "7.8" data-path = "../develop/advance-developer.html" >
< a href = "../develop/advance-developer.html" >
< b > 7.8.< / b >
高级开发指南
< / a >
< / li >
< li class = "chapter " data-level = "7.9" data-path = "../develop/contribute.html" >
< a href = "../develop/contribute.html" >
< b > 7.9.< / b >
社区贡献
< / a >
< / li >
< li class = "chapter " data-level = "7.10" data-path = "../develop/minikube.html" >
< a href = "../develop/minikube.html" >
< b > 7.10.< / b >
Minikube
< / a >
< / li >
< li class = "header" > 附录< / li >
< li class = "chapter " data-level = "8.1" data-path = "../appendix/" >
< a href = "../appendix/" >
< b > 8.1.< / b >
附录说明
< / a >
< / li >
< li class = "chapter " data-level = "8.2" data-path = "../appendix/debug-kubernetes-services.html" >
< a href = "../appendix/debug-kubernetes-services.html" >
< b > 8.2.< / b >
Kubernetes中的应用故障排查
< / a >
< / li >
< li class = "chapter " data-level = "8.3" data-path = "../appendix/material-share.html" >
< a href = "../appendix/material-share.html" >
< b > 8.3.< / b >
Kubernetes相关资讯和情报链接
< / a >
< / li >
< li class = "chapter " data-level = "8.4" data-path = "../appendix/docker-best-practice.html" >
< a href = "../appendix/docker-best-practice.html" >
< b > 8.4.< / b >
Docker最佳实践
< / a >
< / li >
< li class = "chapter " data-level = "8.5" data-path = "../appendix/tricks.html" >
< a href = "../appendix/tricks.html" >
< b > 8.5.< / b >
使用技巧
< / a >
< / li >
< li class = "chapter " data-level = "8.6" data-path = "../appendix/issues.html" >
< a href = "../appendix/issues.html" >
< b > 8.6.< / b >
问题记录
< / a >
< / li >
< li class = "chapter " data-level = "8.7" data-path = "../appendix/kubernetes-changelog.html" >
< a href = "../appendix/kubernetes-changelog.html" >
< b > 8.7.< / b >
Kubernetes版本更新日志
< / a >
< ul class = "articles" >
< li class = "chapter " data-level = "8.7.1" data-path = "../appendix/kubernetes-1.7-changelog.html" >
< a href = "../appendix/kubernetes-1.7-changelog.html" >
< b > 8.7.1.< / b >
Kubernetes1.7更新日志
< / a >
< / li >
< li class = "chapter " data-level = "8.7.2" data-path = "../appendix/kubernetes-1.8-changelog.html" >
< a href = "../appendix/kubernetes-1.8-changelog.html" >
< b > 8.7.2.< / b >
Kubernetes1.8更新日志
< / a >
< / li >
< li class = "chapter " data-level = "8.7.3" data-path = "../appendix/kubernetes-1.9-changelog.html" >
< a href = "../appendix/kubernetes-1.9-changelog.html" >
< b > 8.7.3.< / b >
Kubernetes1.9更新日志
< / a >
< / li >
< / ul >
< / li >
< li class = "chapter " data-level = "8.8" data-path = "../appendix/summary-and-outlook.html" >
< a href = "../appendix/summary-and-outlook.html" >
< b > 8.8.< / b >
Kubernetes及云原生年度总结及展望
< / a >
< ul class = "articles" >
< li class = "chapter " data-level = "8.8.1" data-path = "../appendix/kubernetes-and-cloud-native-summary-in-2017-and-outlook-for-2018.html" >
< a href = "../appendix/kubernetes-and-cloud-native-summary-in-2017-and-outlook-for-2018.html" >
< b > 8.8.1.< / b >
Kubernetes与云原生2017年年终总结及2018年展望
< / a >
< / li >
< / ul >
< / li >
< li class = "divider" > < / li >
< li >
< a href = "https://www.gitbook.com" target = "blank" class = "gitbook-link" >
本书使用 GitBook 发布
< / a >
< / li >
< / ul >
< / nav >
< / div >
< div class = "book-body" >
< div class = "body-inner" >
< div class = "book-header" role = "navigation" >
<!-- Title -->
< h1 >
< i class = "fa fa-circle-o-notch fa-spin" > < / i >
< a href = ".." > 集群联邦< / a >
< / h1 >
< / div >
< div class = "page-wrapper" tabindex = "-1" role = "main" >
< div class = "page-inner" >
< div class = "search-plus" id = "book-search-results" >
< div class = "search-noresults" >
< section class = "normal markdown-section" >
< h1 id = "集群联邦" > 集 群 联 邦 < / h1 >
< p > Kubernetes v1.9声 称 单 集 群 最 多 可 支 持 5000个 节 点 和 15万 个 Pod， 我 相 信 很 少 有 公 司 会 部 署 如 此 庞 大 的 一 个 单 集 群 ， 总 有 很 多 情 况 下 因 为 各 种 各 样 的 原 因 我 们 可 能 会 部 署 多 个 集 群 ， 但 是 有 时 候 有 想 将 他 们 统 一 起 来 管 理 ， 这 时 候 就 需 要 用 到 集 群 联 邦 （ Federation） 。 < / p >
< h2 id = "为什么要使用-federation" > 为 什 么 要 使 用 federation< / h2 >
< p > Federation 使 管 理 多 个 集 群 变 得 简 单 。 它 通 过 提 供 两 个 主 要 构 建 模 块 来 实 现 ： < / p >
< ul >
< li > 跨 集 群 同 步 资 源 ： Federation 提 供 了 在 多 个 集 群 中 保 持 资 源 同 步 的 能 力 。 例 如 ， 可 以 保 证 同 一 个 deployment 在 多 个 集 群 中 存 在 。 < / li >
< li > 跨 集 群 服 务 发 现 ： Federation 提 供 了 自 动 配 置 DNS 服 务 以 及 在 所 有 集 群 后 端 上 进 行 负 载 均 衡 的 能 力 。 例 如 ， 可 以 提 供 一 个 全 局 VIP 或 者 DNS 记 录 ， 通 过 它 可 以 访 问 多 个 集 群 后 端 。 < / li >
< / ul >
< p > Federation 还 可 以 提 供 一 些 其 它 用 例 ： < / p >
< ul >
< li > 高 可 用 ： 通 过 在 集 群 间 分 布 负 载 并 自 动 配 置 DNS 服 务 和 负 载 均 衡 ， federation 最 大 限 度 地 减 少 集 群 故 障 的 影 响 。 < / li >
< li > 避 免 厂 商 锁 定 ： 通 过 更 简 单 的 跨 集 群 应 用 迁 移 方 式 ， federation 可 以 防 止 集 群 厂 商 锁 定 。 < / li >
< / ul >
< p > Federation 对 于 单 个 集 群 没 有 用 处 。 基 于 下 面 这 些 原 因 您 可 能 会 需 要 多 个 集 群 ： < / p >
< ul >
< li > 低 延 迟 ： 通 过 在 多 个 区 域 部 署 集 群 可 以 最 大 限 度 减 少 区 域 近 端 用 户 的 延 迟 。 < / li >
< li > 故 障 隔 离 ： 拥 有 多 个 小 集 群 可 能 比 单 个 大 集 群 更 利 于 故 障 隔 离 （ 例 如 ： 在 云 服 务 提 供 商 的 不 同 可 用 区 中 的 多 个 集 群 ） 。 详 情 请 参 考 < a href = "https://kubernetes.io/docs/concepts/cluster-administration/federation" target = "_blank" > 多 集 群 指 南 < / a > 。 < / li >
< li > 可 伸 缩 性 ： 单 个 集 群 有 可 伸 缩 性 限 制 （ 对 于 大 多 数 用 户 这 不 是 典 型 场 景 。 更 多 细 节 请 参 考 < a href = "https://git.k8s.io/community/sig-scalability/goals.md" target = "_blank" > Kubernetes 弹 性 伸 缩 与 性 能 目 标 < / a > ） 。 < / li >
< li > < a href = "https://kubernetes.io/docs/concepts/cluster-administration/federation.md#%E6%B7%B7%E5%90%88%E4%BA%91%E8%83%BD%E5%8A%9B" target = "_blank" > 混 合 云 < / a > ： 您 可 以 在 不 同 的 云 服 务 提 供 商 或 本 地 数 据 中 心 中 拥 有 多 个 集 群 。 < / li >
< / ul >
< h3 id = "警告" > 警 告 < / h3 >
< p > 虽 然 federation 有 很 多 吸 引 人 的 使 用 案 例 ， 但 也 有 一 些 注 意 事 项 ： < / p >
< ul >
< li > 增 加 网 络 带 宽 和 成 本 ： federation 控 制 平 面 监 控 所 有 集 群 以 确 保 当 前 状 态 符 合 预 期 。 如 果 集 群 在 云 服 务 提 供 商 的 不 同 区 域 或 者 不 同 的 云 服 务 提 供 商 上 运 行 时 ， 这 将 导 致 明 显 的 网 络 成 本 增 加 。 < / li >
< li > 减 少 跨 集 群 隔 离 ： federation 控 制 平 面 中 的 bug 可 能 影 响 所 有 集 群 。 通 过 在 federation 中 实 现 最 少 的 逻 辑 可 以 缓 解 这 种 情 况 。 只 要 有 可 能 ， 它 就 将 尽 力 把 工 作 委 托 给 kubernetes 集 群 中 的 控 制 平 面 。 这 种 设 计 和 实 现 在 安 全 性 及 避 免 多 集 群 停 止 运 行 上 也 是 错 误 的 。 < / li >
< li > 成 熟 度 ： federation 项 目 相 对 比 较 新 ， 还 不 是 很 成 熟 。 并 不 是 所 有 资 源 都 可 用 ， 许 多 仍 然 处 于 alpha 状 态 。 < a href = "https://github.com/kubernetes/kubernetes/issues/88" target = "_blank" > Issue 88< / a > 列 举 了 团 队 目 前 正 忙 于 解 决 的 与 系 统 相 关 的 已 知 问 题 。 < / li >
< / ul >
< h3 id = "混合云能力" > 混 合 云 能 力 < / h3 >
< p > Kubernetes 集 群 federation 可 以 包 含 运 行 在 不 同 云 服 务 提 供 商 （ 例 如 Google Cloud、 AWS） 及 本 地 （ 例 如 在 OpenStack 上 ） 的 集 群 。 您 只 需 要 按 需 在 适 合 的 云 服 务 提 供 商 和 /或 地 点 上 简 单 的 创 建 集 群 ， 然 后 向 Federation API Server 注 册 每 个 集 群 的 API endpoint 和 凭 据 即 可 。 （ 详 细 信 息 请 参 阅 < a href = "https://kubernetes.io/docs/admin/federation" target = "_blank" > federation 管 理 指 南 < / a > ） 。 < / p >
< p > 此 后 ， 您 的 < a href = "https://kubernetes.io/docs/concepts/cluster-administration/federation.md#API-%E8%B5%84%E6%BA%90" target = "_blank" > API 资 源 < / a > 就 可 以 跨 越 不 同 的 集 群 和 云 服 务 提 供 商 。 < / p >
< h2 id = "设置-federation" > 设 置 federation< / h2 >
< p > 为 了 能 够 联 合 （ federate） 多 个 集 群 ， 首 先 需 要 建 立 一 个 federation 控 制 平 面 。 请 按 照 < a href = "https://kubernetes.io/docs/tutorials/federation/set-up-cluster-federation-kubefed" target = "_blank" > 设 置 指 南 < / a > 设 置 federation 控 制 平 面 。 < / p >
< h2 id = "api-资源" > API 资 源 < / h2 >
< p > 一 旦 设 置 了 控 制 平 面 ， 您 就 可 以 开 始 创 建 federation API 资 源 。 以 下 指 南 详 细 介 绍 了 一 些 资 源 ： < / p >
< ul >
< li > < a href = "https://kubernetes.io/docs/tasks/administer-federation/cluster" target = "_blank" > Cluster< / a > < / li >
< li > < a href = "https://kubernetes.io/docs/tasks/administer-federation/configmap" target = "_blank" > ConfigMap< / a > < / li >
< li > < a href = "https://kubernetes.io/docs/tasks/administer-federation/daemonset" target = "_blank" > DaemonSets< / a > < / li >
< li > < a href = "https://kubernetes.io/docs/tasks/administer-federation/deployment" target = "_blank" > Deployment< / a > < / li >
< li > < a href = "https://kubernetes.io/docs/tasks/administer-federation/events" target = "_blank" > Events< / a > < / li >
< li > < a href = "https://kubernetes.io/docs/tasks/administer-federation/hpa" target = "_blank" > Hpa< / a > < / li >
< li > < a href = "https://kubernetes.io/docs/tasks/administer-federation/ingress" target = "_blank" > Ingress< / a > < / li >
< li > < a href = "https://kubernetes.io/docs/tasks/administer-federation/job" target = "_blank" > Jobs< / a > < / li >
< li > < a href = "https://kubernetes.io/docs/tasks/administer-federation/namespaces" target = "_blank" > Namespaces< / a > < / li >
< li > < a href = "https://kubernetes.io/docs/tasks/administer-federation/replicaset" target = "_blank" > ReplicaSets< / a > < / li >
< li > < a href = "https://kubernetes.io/docs/tasks/administer-federation/secret" target = "_blank" > Secrets< / a > < / li >
< li > < a href = "https://kubernetes.io/docs/concepts/cluster-administration/federation-service-discovery" target = "_blank" > Services< / a > < / li >
< / ul >
< p > < a href = "https://kubernetes.io/docs/reference/federation" target = "_blank" > API 参 考 文 档 < / a > 列 举 了 federation apiserver 支 持 的 所 有 资 源 。 < / p >
< h2 id = "级联删除" > 级 联 删 除 < / h2 >
< p > Kubernetes 1.6 版 本 包 括 了 对 联 邦 资 源 （ federated resources） 级 联 删 除 的 支 持 。 通 过 级 联 删 除 ， 当 您 从 federation 控 制 平 面 删 除 一 个 资 源 时 ， 会 同 时 删 除 所 有 底 层 集 群 中 对 应 的 资 源 。 < / p >
< p > 当 使 用 REST API 时 ， 级 联 删 除 没 有 默 认 开 启 。 要 想 在 使 用 REST API 从 federation 控 制 平 面 删 除 资 源 时 启 用 级 联 删 除 ， 请 设 置 < code > DeleteOptions.orphanDependents=false< / code > 选 项 。 使 用 < code > kubectl delete< / code > 时 默 认 使 用 级 联 删 除 。 您 可 以 通 过 运 行 < code > kubectl delete --cascade=false< / code > 来 禁 用 该 功 能 。 < / p >
< p > 注 意 ： Kubernetes 1.5 版 本 支 持 的 级 联 删 除 仅 支 持 部 分 federation 资 源 。 < / p >
< h2 id = "单个集群范围" > 单 个 集 群 范 围 < / h2 >
< p > 在 诸 如 Google Compute Engine 或 者 Amazon Web Services 等 IaaS 服 务 提 供 商 中 ， 虚 拟 机 存 在 于 < a href = "https://cloud.google.com/compute/docs/zones" target = "_blank" > 区 域 < / a > 或 < a href = "http://docs.aws.amazon.com/AWSEC2/latest/UserGuide/using-regions-availability-zones.html" target = "_blank" > 可 用 区 < / a > 上 。 我 们 建 议 Kubernetes 集 群 中 的 所 有 虚 拟 机 应 该 位 于 相 同 的 可 用 区 ， 因 为 ： < / p >
< ul >
< li > 与 拥 有 单 个 全 局 Kubernetes 集 群 相 比 ， 单 点 故 障 更 少 。 < / li >
< li > 与 跨 可 用 区 集 群 相 比 ， 推 测 单 区 域 集 群 的 可 用 性 属 性 更 容 易 。 < / li >
< li > 当 Kubernetes 开 发 人 员 设 计 系 统 时 （ 例 如 对 延 迟 ， 带 宽 或 相 关 故 障 进 行 假 设 ） ， 它 们 假 设 所 有 的 机 器 都 在 一 个 单 一 的 数 据 中 心 ， 或 以 其 它 方 式 紧 密 连 接 。 < / li >
< / ul >
< p > 在 每 个 可 用 区 域 同 时 拥 有 多 个 集 群 也 是 可 以 的 ， 但 总 体 而 言 ， 我 们 认 为 少 一 点 更 好 。 选 择 较 少 集 群 的 理 由 是 ： < / p >
< ul >
< li > 某 些 情 况 下 ， 在 一 个 集 群 中 拥 有 更 多 的 节 点 可 以 改 进 Pod 的 装 箱 打 包 （ 较 少 资 源 碎 片 ） 。 < / li >
< li > 减 少 运 维 开 销 （ 尽 管 随 着 运 维 工 具 和 流 程 的 成 熟 ， 优 势 已 经 减 少 ） 。 < / li >
< li > 减 少 每 个 集 群 固 定 资 源 成 本 的 开 销 ， 例 如 apiserver 虚 拟 机 （ 但 对 于 大 中 型 集 群 的 整 体 集 群 成 本 来 说 百 分 比 很 小 ） 。 < / li >
< / ul >
< p > 拥 有 多 个 集 群 的 原 因 包 括 ： < / p >
< ul >
< li > 严 格 的 安 全 策 略 要 求 将 一 类 工 作 与 另 一 类 工 作 隔 离 开 来 （ 但 是 ， 请 参 见 下 面 的 分 区 集 群 （ Partitioning Clusters） ） 。 < / li >
< li > 对 新 的 Kubernetes 发 行 版 或 其 它 集 群 软 件 进 行 灰 度 测 试 。 < / li >
< / ul >
< h2 id = "选择正确的集群数量" > 选 择 正 确 的 集 群 数 量 < / h2 >
< p > Kubernetes 集 群 数 量 的 选 择 可 能 是 一 个 相 对 静 态 的 选 择 ， 只 是 偶 尔 重 新 设 置 。 相 比 之 下 ， 依 据 负 载 情 况 和 增 长 ， 集 群 的 节 点 数 量 和 service 的 pod 数 量 可 能 会 经 常 变 化 。 < / p >
< p > 要 选 择 集 群 的 数 量 ， 首 先 要 确 定 使 用 哪 些 区 域 ， 以 便 为 所 有 终 端 用 户 提 供 足 够 低 的 延 迟 ， 以 在 Kubernetes 上 运 行 服 务 （ 如 果 您 使 用 内 容 分 发 网 络 （ Content Distribution Network， CDN） ， 则 CDN 托 管 内 容 的 时 延 要 求 不 需 要 考 虑 ） 。 法 律 问 题 也 可 能 影 响 到 这 一 点 。 例 如 ， 拥 有 全 球 客 户 群 的 公 司 可 能 会 决 定 在 美 国 、 欧 盟 、 亚 太 和 南 亚 地 区 拥 有 集 群 。 我 们 将 选 择 的 区 域 数 量 称 为 < code > R< / code > 。 < / p >
< p > 其 次 ， 决 定 在 整 体 仍 然 可 用 的 前 提 下 ， 可 以 同 时 有 多 少 集 群 不 可 用 。 将 不 可 用 集 群 的 数 量 称 为 < code > U< / code > 。 如 果 您 不 能 确 定 ， 那 么 1 是 一 个 不 错 的 选 择 。 < / p >
< p > 如 果 在 集 群 故 障 的 情 形 下 允 许 负 载 均 衡 将 流 量 引 导 到 任 何 区 域 ， 则 至 少 需 要 有 比 < code > R< / code > 或 < code > U + 1< / code > 数 量 更 大 的 集 群 。 如 果 不 行 的 话 （ 例 如 希 望 在 集 群 发 生 故 障 时 对 所 有 用 户 确 保 低 延 迟 ） ， 那 么 您 需 要 有 数 量 为 < code > R * (U + 1)< / code > 的 集 群 （ < code > R< / code > 个 区 域 ， 每 个 中 有 < code > U + 1< / code > 个 集 群 ） 。 无 论 如 何 ， 请 尝 试 将 每 个 集 群 放 在 不 同 的 区 域 中 。 < / p >
< p > 最 后 ， 如 果 您 的 任 何 集 群 需 要 比 Kubernetes 集 群 最 大 建 议 节 点 数 更 多 的 节 点 ， 那 么 您 可 能 需 要 更 多 的 集 群 。 Kubernetes v1.3 支 持 最 多 1000 个 节 点 的 集 群 。 Kubernetes v1.8 支 持 最 多 5000 个 节 点 的 集 群 。 更 多 的 指 导 请 参 见 < a href = "https://kubernetes.io/docs/admin/cluster-large" target = "_blank" > 构 建 大 型 集 群 < / a > 。 < / p >
< hr >
< p > 原 文 地 址 ： < a href = "https://kubernetes.io/docs/concepts/cluster-administration/federation/" target = "_blank" > https://kubernetes.io/docs/concepts/cluster-administration/federation/< / a > < / p >
< p > 译 文 地 址 ： < a href = "https://k8smeetup.github.io/docs/concepts/cluster-administration/federation/" target = "_blank" > https://k8smeetup.github.io/docs/concepts/cluster-administration/federation/< / a > < / p >
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