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< title > Horizontal Pod Autoscaling · Kubernetes 中文指南——云原生应用架构实战手册< / title >
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< a href = "https://jimmysong.io" target = "_blank" class = "custom-link" > 回到主页< / a >
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< a href = "https://lib.jimmysong.io" target = "_blank" class = "custom-link" > 云原生资料库< / a >
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< / li >
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< li >
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< a href = "https://jimmysong.io/awesome-cloud-native/" target = "_blank" class = "custom-link" > 云原生开源项目大全< / a >
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< a href = "https://cloudnative.to" target = "_blank" class = "custom-link" > 云原生社区< / a >
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< li class = "divider" > < / li >
< li class = "header" > 前言< / li >
< li class = "chapter " data-level = "1.1" data-path = "../" >
< a href = "../" >
< b > 1.1.< / b >
序言
< / a >
< / li >
< li class = "header" > 云原生< / li >
< li class = "chapter " data-level = "2.1" data-path = "../cloud-native/cloud-native-definition.html" >
< a href = "../cloud-native/cloud-native-definition.html" >
< b > 2.1.< / b >
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云原生的定义
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< / a >
< / li >
< li class = "chapter " data-level = "2.2" data-path = "../cloud-native/cloud-native-philosophy.html" >
< a href = "../cloud-native/cloud-native-philosophy.html" >
< b > 2.2.< / b >
云原生的设计哲学
< / a >
< / li >
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< li class = "chapter " data-level = "2.3" data-path = "../cloud-native/kubernetes-history.html" >
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< a href = "../cloud-native/kubernetes-history.html" >
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< b > 2.3.< / b >
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Kubernetes 的诞生
< / a >
< / li >
< li class = "chapter " data-level = "2.4" data-path = "../cloud-native/kubernetes-and-cloud-native-app-overview.html" >
< a href = "../cloud-native/kubernetes-and-cloud-native-app-overview.html" >
< b > 2.4.< / b >
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Kubernetes 与云原生应用概览
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< / a >
< / li >
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< li class = "chapter " data-level = "2.5" data-path = "../cloud-native/from-kubernetes-to-cloud-native.html" >
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< a href = "../cloud-native/from-kubernetes-to-cloud-native.html" >
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< b > 2.5.< / b >
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云原生应用之路 —— 从 Kubernetes 到云原生
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< / a >
< / li >
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< li class = "chapter " data-level = "2.6" data-path = "../cloud-native/define-cloud-native-app.html" >
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< a href = "../cloud-native/define-cloud-native-app.html" >
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< b > 2.6.< / b >
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定义云原生应用
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< / a >
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< ul class = "articles" >
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< li class = "chapter " data-level = "2.6.1" data-path = "../cloud-native/oam.html" >
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< a href = "../cloud-native/oam.html" >
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< b > 2.6.1.< / b >
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OAM
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< / a >
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< ul class = "articles" >
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< li class = "chapter " data-level = "2.6.1.1" data-path = "../cloud-native/workload.html" >
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< a href = "../cloud-native/workload.html" >
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< b > 2.6.1.1.< / b >
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Workload
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< / a >
< / li >
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< li class = "chapter " data-level = "2.6.1.2" data-path = "../cloud-native/component.html" >
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< a href = "../cloud-native/component.html" >
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< b > 2.6.1.2.< / b >
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Component
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< / a >
< / li >
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< li class = "chapter " data-level = "2.6.1.3" data-path = "../cloud-native/trait.html" >
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< a href = "../cloud-native/trait.html" >
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< b > 2.6.1.3.< / b >
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Trait
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< / a >
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< / li >
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< li class = "chapter " data-level = "2.6.1.4" data-path = "../cloud-native/application-scope.html" >
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< a href = "../cloud-native/application-scope.html" >
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< b > 2.6.1.4.< / b >
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Application Scope
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< / a >
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< / li >
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< li class = "chapter " data-level = "2.6.1.5" data-path = "../cloud-native/application-configuration.html" >
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< a href = "../cloud-native/application-configuration.html" >
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< b > 2.6.1.5.< / b >
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Application Configuration
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< / li >
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< li class = "chapter " data-level = "2.6.2" data-path = "../cloud-native/crossplane.html" >
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< a href = "../cloud-native/crossplane.html" >
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< b > 2.6.2.< / b >
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Crossplane
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< / a >
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< / ul >
< / li >
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< li class = "chapter " data-level = "2.7" data-path = "../cloud-native/cloud-native-programming-languages.html" >
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< a href = "../cloud-native/cloud-native-programming-languages.html" >
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< b > 2.7.< / b >
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云原生平台配置语言
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< / a >
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< ul class = "articles" >
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< li class = "chapter " data-level = "2.7.1" data-path = "../cloud-native/cloud-native-programming-language-ballerina.html" >
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< a href = "../cloud-native/cloud-native-programming-language-ballerina.html" >
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< b > 2.7.1.< / b >
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Ballerina
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< / a >
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< / li >
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< li class = "chapter " data-level = "2.7.2" data-path = "../cloud-native/cloud-native-programming-language-pulumi.html" >
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< a href = "../cloud-native/cloud-native-programming-language-pulumi.html" >
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< b > 2.7.2.< / b >
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Pulumi
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< / li >
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< li class = "chapter " data-level = "2.8" data-path = "../cloud-native/the-future-of-cloud-native.html" >
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< a href = "../cloud-native/the-future-of-cloud-native.html" >
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< b > 2.8.< / b >
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云原生的未来
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< / li >
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< li class = "header" > 快速入门< / li >
< li class = "chapter " data-level = "3.1" data-path = "../cloud-native/quick-start.html" >
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< a href = "../cloud-native/quick-start.html" >
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< b > 3.1.< / b >
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云原生新手入门指南
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< / a >
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< / li >
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< li class = "chapter " data-level = "3.2" data-path = "../cloud-native/play-with-kubernetes.html" >
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< a href = "../cloud-native/play-with-kubernetes.html" >
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< b > 3.2.< / b >
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Play with Kubernetes
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< / a >
< / li >
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< li class = "chapter " data-level = "3.3" data-path = "../cloud-native/cloud-native-local-quick-start.html" >
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< a href = "../cloud-native/cloud-native-local-quick-start.html" >
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< b > 3.3.< / b >
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快速部署一个云原生本地实验环境
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< / li >
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< li class = "chapter " data-level = "3.4" data-path = "../cloud-native/setup-kubernetes-with-rancher-and-aliyun.html" >
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< a href = "../cloud-native/setup-kubernetes-with-rancher-and-aliyun.html" >
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< b > 3.4.< / b >
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使用 Rancher 在阿里云上部署 Kubenretes 集群
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< / li >
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< li class = "header" > 概念与原理< / li >
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< li class = "chapter " data-level = "4.1" data-path = "./" >
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< a href = "./" >
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< b > 4.1.< / b >
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Kubernetes 架构
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< li class = "chapter " data-level = "4.1.1" data-path = "concepts.html" >
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< a href = "concepts.html" >
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< b > 4.1.1.< / b >
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Kubernetes 的设计理念
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< li class = "chapter " data-level = "4.1.2" data-path = "etcd.html" >
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< a href = "etcd.html" >
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< b > 4.1.2.< / b >
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Etcd 解析
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< li class = "chapter " data-level = "4.1.3" data-path = "open-interfaces.html" >
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< a href = "open-interfaces.html" >
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< b > 4.1.3.< / b >
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开放接口
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< a href = "cri.html" >
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< b > 4.1.3.1.< / b >
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容器运行时接口（ ）
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< a href = "cni.html" >
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< b > 4.1.3.2.< / b >
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容器网络接口（ ）
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< a href = "csi.html" >
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< b > 4.1.3.3.< / b >
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容器存储接口（ ）
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< a href = "objects.html" >
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< b > 4.1.4.< / b >
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Kubernetes 中的资源对象
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< b > 4.2.< / b >
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Pod 状态与生命周期管理
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< b > 4.2.1.< / b >
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Pod 概览
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< li class = "chapter " data-level = "4.2.2" data-path = "pod.html" >
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< a href = "pod.html" >
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< b > 4.2.2.< / b >
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Pod 解析
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< / li >
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< li class = "chapter " data-level = "4.2.3" data-path = "init-containers.html" >
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< a href = "init-containers.html" >
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< b > 4.2.3.< / b >
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Init 容器
< / a >
< / li >
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< li class = "chapter " data-level = "4.2.4" data-path = "pause-container.html" >
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< a href = "pause-container.html" >
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< b > 4.2.4.< / b >
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Pause 容器
< / a >
< / li >
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< li class = "chapter " data-level = "4.2.5" data-path = "pod-security-policy.html" >
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< a href = "pod-security-policy.html" >
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< b > 4.2.5.< / b >
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Pod 安全策略
< / a >
< / li >
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< li class = "chapter " data-level = "4.2.6" data-path = "pod-lifecycle.html" >
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< a href = "pod-lifecycle.html" >
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< b > 4.2.6.< / b >
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Pod 的生命周期
< / a >
< / li >
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< li class = "chapter " data-level = "4.2.7" data-path = "pod-hook.html" >
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< a href = "pod-hook.html" >
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< b > 4.2.7.< / b >
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Pod Hook
< / a >
< / li >
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< li class = "chapter " data-level = "4.2.8" data-path = "pod-preset.html" >
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< a href = "pod-preset.html" >
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< b > 4.2.8.< / b >
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Pod Preset
< / a >
< / li >
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< li class = "chapter " data-level = "4.2.9" data-path = "pod-disruption-budget.html" >
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< a href = "pod-disruption-budget.html" >
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< b > 4.2.9.< / b >
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Pod 中断与 PDB（
< / a >
< / li >
< / ul >
< / li >
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< li class = "chapter " data-level = "4.3" data-path = "cluster.html" >
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< a href = "cluster.html" >
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< b > 4.3.< / b >
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集群资源管理
< / a >
< ul class = "articles" >
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< li class = "chapter " data-level = "4.3.1" data-path = "node.html" >
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< a href = "node.html" >
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< b > 4.3.1.< / b >
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Node
< / a >
< / li >
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< li class = "chapter " data-level = "4.3.2" data-path = "namespace.html" >
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< a href = "namespace.html" >
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< b > 4.3.2.< / b >
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Namespace
< / a >
< / li >
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< li class = "chapter " data-level = "4.3.3" data-path = "label.html" >
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< a href = "label.html" >
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< b > 4.3.3.< / b >
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Label
< / a >
< / li >
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< li class = "chapter " data-level = "4.3.4" data-path = "annotation.html" >
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< a href = "annotation.html" >
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< b > 4.3.4.< / b >
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Annotation
< / a >
< / li >
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< li class = "chapter " data-level = "4.3.5" data-path = "taint-and-toleration.html" >
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< a href = "taint-and-toleration.html" >
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< b > 4.3.5.< / b >
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Taint 和 Toleration（ ）
< / a >
< / li >
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< li class = "chapter " data-level = "4.3.6" data-path = "garbage-collection.html" >
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< a href = "garbage-collection.html" >
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< b > 4.3.6.< / b >
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垃圾收集
< / a >
< / li >
< / ul >
< / li >
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< li class = "chapter " data-level = "4.4" data-path = "controllers.html" >
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< a href = "controllers.html" >
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< b > 4.4.< / b >
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控制器
< / a >
< ul class = "articles" >
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< li class = "chapter " data-level = "4.4.1" data-path = "deployment.html" >
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< a href = "deployment.html" >
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< b > 4.4.1.< / b >
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Deployment
< / a >
< / li >
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< li class = "chapter " data-level = "4.4.2" data-path = "statefulset.html" >
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< a href = "statefulset.html" >
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< b > 4.4.2.< / b >
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StatefulSet
< / a >
< / li >
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< li class = "chapter " data-level = "4.4.3" data-path = "daemonset.html" >
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< a href = "daemonset.html" >
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< b > 4.4.3.< / b >
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DaemonSet
< / a >
< / li >
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< li class = "chapter " data-level = "4.4.4" data-path = "replicaset.html" >
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< a href = "replicaset.html" >
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< b > 4.4.4.< / b >
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ReplicationController 和 ReplicaSet
< / a >
< / li >
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< li class = "chapter " data-level = "4.4.5" data-path = "job.html" >
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< a href = "job.html" >
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< b > 4.4.5.< / b >
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Job
< / a >
< / li >
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< li class = "chapter " data-level = "4.4.6" data-path = "cronjob.html" >
2020-06-19 14:52:56 +08:00
< a href = "cronjob.html" >
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< b > 4.4.6.< / b >
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CronJob
< / a >
< / li >
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< li class = "chapter active" data-level = "4.4.7" data-path = "horizontal-pod-autoscaling.html" >
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< a href = "horizontal-pod-autoscaling.html" >
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< b > 4.4.7.< / b >
2020-06-19 14:52:56 +08:00
Horizontal Pod Autoscaling
< / a >
< ul class = "articles" >
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< li class = "chapter " data-level = "4.4.7.1" data-path = "custom-metrics-hpa.html" >
2020-06-19 14:52:56 +08:00
< a href = "custom-metrics-hpa.html" >
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< b > 4.4.7.1.< / b >
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自定义指标 HPA
< / a >
< / li >
< / ul >
< / li >
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< li class = "chapter " data-level = "4.4.8" data-path = "admission-controller.html" >
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< a href = "admission-controller.html" >
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< b > 4.4.8.< / b >
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准入控制器（ ）
< / a >
< / li >
< / ul >
< / li >
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< li class = "chapter " data-level = "4.5" data-path = "service-discovery.html" >
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< a href = "service-discovery.html" >
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< b > 4.5.< / b >
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2021-07-09 16:57:54 +08:00
服务发现与路由
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< / a >
< ul class = "articles" >
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< li class = "chapter " data-level = "4.5.1" data-path = "service.html" >
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< a href = "service.html" >
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< b > 4.5.1.< / b >
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Service
< / a >
< / li >
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< li class = "chapter " data-level = "4.5.2" data-path = "topology-aware-routing.html" >
< a href = "topology-aware-routing.html" >
< b > 4.5.2.< / b >
拓扑感知路由
< / a >
< / li >
< li class = "chapter " data-level = "4.5.3" data-path = "ingress.html" >
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< a href = "ingress.html" >
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< b > 4.5.3.< / b >
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Ingress
< / a >
< ul class = "articles" >
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< li class = "chapter " data-level = "4.5.3.1" data-path = "traefik-ingress-controller.html" >
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< a href = "traefik-ingress-controller.html" >
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< b > 4.5.3.1.< / b >
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Traefik Ingress Controller
< / a >
< / li >
< / ul >
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< / li >
2021-12-23 20:13:17 +08:00
< li class = "chapter " data-level = "4.5.4" data-path = "gateway.html" >
2021-02-09 20:56:37 +08:00
2021-12-23 20:13:17 +08:00
< a href = "gateway.html" >
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< b > 4.5.4.< / b >
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2021-12-23 20:13:17 +08:00
Gateway
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< / a >
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< / li >
< / ul >
< / li >
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< li class = "chapter " data-level = "4.6" data-path = "authentication-and-permission.html" >
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< a href = "authentication-and-permission.html" >
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< b > 4.6.< / b >
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身份与权限控制
< / a >
< ul class = "articles" >
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< li class = "chapter " data-level = "4.6.1" data-path = "serviceaccount.html" >
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< a href = "serviceaccount.html" >
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< b > 4.6.1.< / b >
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ServiceAccount
< / a >
< / li >
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< li class = "chapter " data-level = "4.6.2" data-path = "rbac.html" >
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< a href = "rbac.html" >
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< b > 4.6.2.< / b >
2020-06-19 14:52:56 +08:00
2021-11-09 17:32:02 +08:00
基于角色的访问控制（ ）
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< / a >
< / li >
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< li class = "chapter " data-level = "4.6.3" data-path = "network-policy.html" >
2020-06-19 14:52:56 +08:00
< a href = "network-policy.html" >
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< b > 4.6.3.< / b >
2020-06-19 14:52:56 +08:00
NetworkPolicy
< / a >
2022-04-12 20:31:45 +08:00
< / li >
< li class = "chapter " data-level = "4.6.4" data-path = "spiffe.html" >
< a href = "spiffe.html" >
< b > 4.6.4.< / b >
SPIFFE
< / a >
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< ul class = "articles" >
< li class = "chapter " data-level = "4.6.4.1" data-path = "spire.html" >
< a href = "spire.html" >
< b > 4.6.4.1.< / b >
SPIRE
< / a >
< / li >
< / ul >
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< / li >
< / ul >
< / li >
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< li class = "chapter " data-level = "4.7" data-path = "networking.html" >
< a href = "networking.html" >
< b > 4.7.< / b >
网络
< / a >
< ul class = "articles" >
< li class = "chapter " data-level = "4.7.1" data-path = "flannel.html" >
< a href = "flannel.html" >
< b > 4.7.1.< / b >
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扁平网络 Flannel
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< / a >
< / li >
< li class = "chapter " data-level = "4.7.2" data-path = "calico.html" >
< a href = "calico.html" >
< b > 4.7.2.< / b >
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非 Overlay 扁平网络 Calico
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< / a >
< / li >
< li class = "chapter " data-level = "4.7.3" data-path = "cilium.html" >
< a href = "cilium.html" >
< b > 4.7.3.< / b >
2021-12-23 20:13:17 +08:00
基于 eBPF 的网络 Cilium
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< / a >
< ul class = "articles" >
< li class = "chapter " data-level = "4.7.3.1" data-path = "cilium-concepts.html" >
< a href = "cilium-concepts.html" >
< b > 4.7.3.1.< / b >
Cilium 架构设计与概念解析
< / a >
< / li >
< / ul >
< / li >
< / ul >
< / li >
< li class = "chapter " data-level = "4.8" data-path = "storage.html" >
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< a href = "storage.html" >
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< b > 4.8.< / b >
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存储
< / a >
< ul class = "articles" >
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< li class = "chapter " data-level = "4.8.1" data-path = "secret.html" >
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< a href = "secret.html" >
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< b > 4.8.1.< / b >
2020-06-19 14:52:56 +08:00
Secret
< / a >
< / li >
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< li class = "chapter " data-level = "4.8.2" data-path = "configmap.html" >
2020-06-19 14:52:56 +08:00
< a href = "configmap.html" >
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< b > 4.8.2.< / b >
2020-06-19 14:52:56 +08:00
ConfigMap
< / a >
< ul class = "articles" >
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< li class = "chapter " data-level = "4.8.2.1" data-path = "configmap-hot-update.html" >
2020-06-19 14:52:56 +08:00
< a href = "configmap-hot-update.html" >
2021-07-09 16:57:54 +08:00
< b > 4.8.2.1.< / b >
2020-06-19 14:52:56 +08:00
ConfigMap 的热更新
< / a >
< / li >
< / ul >
< / li >
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< li class = "chapter " data-level = "4.8.3" data-path = "volume.html" >
2020-06-19 14:52:56 +08:00
< a href = "volume.html" >
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< b > 4.8.3.< / b >
2020-06-19 14:52:56 +08:00
Volume
< / a >
< / li >
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< li class = "chapter " data-level = "4.8.4" data-path = "persistent-volume.html" >
2020-06-19 14:52:56 +08:00
< a href = "persistent-volume.html" >
2021-07-09 16:57:54 +08:00
< b > 4.8.4.< / b >
2020-06-19 14:52:56 +08:00
2021-11-09 17:32:02 +08:00
持久化卷（ ）
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< / a >
< / li >
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< li class = "chapter " data-level = "4.8.5" data-path = "storageclass.html" >
2020-06-19 14:52:56 +08:00
< a href = "storageclass.html" >
2021-07-09 16:57:54 +08:00
< b > 4.8.5.< / b >
2020-06-19 14:52:56 +08:00
Storage Class
< / a >
< / li >
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< li class = "chapter " data-level = "4.8.6" data-path = "local-persistent-storage.html" >
2020-06-19 14:52:56 +08:00
< a href = "local-persistent-storage.html" >
2021-07-09 16:57:54 +08:00
< b > 4.8.6.< / b >
2020-06-19 14:52:56 +08:00
本地持久化存储
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< / li >
< / ul >
< / li >
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< li class = "chapter " data-level = "4.9" data-path = "extension.html" >
2020-06-19 14:52:56 +08:00
< a href = "extension.html" >
2021-07-09 16:57:54 +08:00
< b > 4.9.< / b >
2020-06-19 14:52:56 +08:00
集群扩展
< / a >
< ul class = "articles" >
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< li class = "chapter " data-level = "4.9.1" data-path = "custom-resource.html" >
2020-06-19 14:52:56 +08:00
< a href = "custom-resource.html" >
2021-07-09 16:57:54 +08:00
< b > 4.9.1.< / b >
2020-06-19 14:52:56 +08:00
使用自定义资源扩展 API
< / a >
< / li >
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< li class = "chapter " data-level = "4.9.2" data-path = "crd.html" >
2020-06-19 14:52:56 +08:00
< a href = "crd.html" >
2021-07-09 16:57:54 +08:00
< b > 4.9.2.< / b >
2020-06-19 14:52:56 +08:00
使用 CRD 扩展 Kubernetes API
< / a >
< / li >
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< li class = "chapter " data-level = "4.9.3" data-path = "aggregated-api-server.html" >
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< a href = "aggregated-api-server.html" >
2021-07-09 16:57:54 +08:00
< b > 4.9.3.< / b >
2020-06-19 14:52:56 +08:00
Aggregated API Server
< / a >
< / li >
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< li class = "chapter " data-level = "4.9.4" data-path = "apiservice.html" >
2020-06-19 14:52:56 +08:00
< a href = "apiservice.html" >
2021-07-09 16:57:54 +08:00
< b > 4.9.4.< / b >
2020-06-19 14:52:56 +08:00
APIService
< / a >
< / li >
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< li class = "chapter " data-level = "4.9.5" data-path = "service-catalog.html" >
2020-06-19 14:52:56 +08:00
< a href = "service-catalog.html" >
2021-07-09 16:57:54 +08:00
< b > 4.9.5.< / b >
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服务目录（ ）
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< li class = "chapter " data-level = "4.10" data-path = "multicluster.html" >
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< a href = "multicluster.html" >
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< b > 4.10.< / b >
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多集群管理
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< li class = "chapter " data-level = "4.10.1" data-path = "multi-cluster-services-api.html" >
< a href = "multi-cluster-services-api.html" >
< b > 4.10.1.< / b >
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多集群服务 API（ ）
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< / li >
< li class = "chapter " data-level = "4.10.2" data-path = "../practice/federation.html" >
< a href = "../practice/federation.html" >
< b > 4.10.2.< / b >
集群联邦（ ）
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< li class = "chapter " data-level = "4.11" data-path = "scheduling.html" >
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< a href = "scheduling.html" >
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< b > 4.11.< / b >
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资源调度
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< li class = "chapter " data-level = "4.11.1" data-path = "qos.html" >
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< a href = "qos.html" >
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< b > 4.11.1.< / b >
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服务质量等级（ ）
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< li class = "header" > 用户指南< / li >
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< li class = "chapter " data-level = "5.1" data-path = "../guide/" >
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< a href = "../guide/" >
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< b > 5.1.< / b >
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用户指南概览
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< / li >
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< li class = "chapter " data-level = "5.2" data-path = "../guide/resource-configuration.html" >
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< a href = "../guide/resource-configuration.html" >
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< b > 5.2.< / b >
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资源对象配置
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< li class = "chapter " data-level = "5.2.1" data-path = "../guide/configure-liveness-readiness-probes.html" >
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< a href = "../guide/configure-liveness-readiness-probes.html" >
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< b > 5.2.1.< / b >
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配置 Pod 的 liveness 和 readiness 探针
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< li class = "chapter " data-level = "5.2.2" data-path = "../guide/configure-pod-service-account.html" >
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< a href = "../guide/configure-pod-service-account.html" >
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< b > 5.2.2.< / b >
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配置 Pod 的 Service Account
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< / li >
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< li class = "chapter " data-level = "5.2.3" data-path = "../guide/secret-configuration.html" >
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< a href = "../guide/secret-configuration.html" >
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< b > 5.2.3.< / b >
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Secret 配置
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< li class = "chapter " data-level = "5.2.4" data-path = "../guide/resource-quota-management.html" >
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< a href = "../guide/resource-quota-management.html" >
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< b > 5.2.4.< / b >
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管理 namespace 中的资源配额
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< li class = "chapter " data-level = "5.3" data-path = "../guide/command-usage.html" >
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< a href = "../guide/command-usage.html" >
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< b > 5.3.< / b >
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命令使用
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< ul class = "articles" >
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< li class = "chapter " data-level = "5.3.1" data-path = "../guide/docker-cli-to-kubectl.html" >
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< a href = "../guide/docker-cli-to-kubectl.html" >
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< b > 5.3.1.< / b >
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Docker 用户过渡到 kubectl 命令行指南
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< / li >
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< li class = "chapter " data-level = "5.3.2" data-path = "../guide/using-kubectl.html" >
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< a href = "../guide/using-kubectl.html" >
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< b > 5.3.2.< / b >
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kubectl 命令概览
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< / li >
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< li class = "chapter " data-level = "5.3.3" data-path = "../guide/kubectl-cheatsheet.html" >
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< a href = "../guide/kubectl-cheatsheet.html" >
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< b > 5.3.3.< / b >
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kubectl 命令技巧大全
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< / li >
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< li class = "chapter " data-level = "5.3.4" data-path = "../guide/using-etcdctl-to-access-kubernetes-data.html" >
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< a href = "../guide/using-etcdctl-to-access-kubernetes-data.html" >
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< b > 5.3.4.< / b >
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使用 etcdctl 访问 Kubernetes 数据
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< / li >
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< li class = "chapter " data-level = "5.4" data-path = "../guide/cluster-security-management.html" >
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< a href = "../guide/cluster-security-management.html" >
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< b > 5.4.< / b >
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集群安全性管理
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< li class = "chapter " data-level = "5.4.1" data-path = "../guide/managing-tls-in-a-cluster.html" >
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< a href = "../guide/managing-tls-in-a-cluster.html" >
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< b > 5.4.1.< / b >
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管理集群中的 TLS
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< / li >
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< li class = "chapter " data-level = "5.4.2" data-path = "../guide/kubelet-authentication-authorization.html" >
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< a href = "../guide/kubelet-authentication-authorization.html" >
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< b > 5.4.2.< / b >
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kubelet 的认证授权
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< / li >
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< li class = "chapter " data-level = "5.4.3" data-path = "../guide/tls-bootstrapping.html" >
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< a href = "../guide/tls-bootstrapping.html" >
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< b > 5.4.3.< / b >
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TLS Bootstrap
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< / a >
< / li >
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< li class = "chapter " data-level = "5.4.4" data-path = "../guide/kubectl-user-authentication-authorization.html" >
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< a href = "../guide/kubectl-user-authentication-authorization.html" >
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< b > 5.4.4.< / b >
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创建用户认证授权的 kubeconfig 文件
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< li class = "chapter " data-level = "5.4.5" data-path = "../guide/ip-masq-agent.html" >
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< a href = "../guide/ip-masq-agent.html" >
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< b > 5.4.5.< / b >
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IP 伪装代理
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< li class = "chapter " data-level = "5.4.6" data-path = "../guide/auth-with-kubeconfig-or-token.html" >
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< a href = "../guide/auth-with-kubeconfig-or-token.html" >
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< b > 5.4.6.< / b >
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使用 kubeconfig 或 token 进行用户身份认证
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< li class = "chapter " data-level = "5.4.7" data-path = "../guide/authentication.html" >
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< a href = "../guide/authentication.html" >
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< b > 5.4.7.< / b >
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Kubernetes 中的用户与身份认证授权
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< / li >
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< li class = "chapter " data-level = "5.4.8" data-path = "../guide/kubernetes-security-best-practice.html" >
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< a href = "../guide/kubernetes-security-best-practice.html" >
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< b > 5.4.8.< / b >
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Kubernetes 集群安全性配置最佳实践
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< li class = "chapter " data-level = "5.5" data-path = "../guide/access-kubernetes-cluster.html" >
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< a href = "../guide/access-kubernetes-cluster.html" >
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< b > 5.5.< / b >
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访问 Kubernetes 集群
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< li class = "chapter " data-level = "5.5.1" data-path = "../guide/access-cluster.html" >
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< a href = "../guide/access-cluster.html" >
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< b > 5.5.1.< / b >
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访问集群
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< / li >
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< li class = "chapter " data-level = "5.5.2" data-path = "../guide/authenticate-across-clusters-kubeconfig.html" >
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< a href = "../guide/authenticate-across-clusters-kubeconfig.html" >
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< b > 5.5.2.< / b >
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使用 kubeconfig 文件配置跨集群认证
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< / li >
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< li class = "chapter " data-level = "5.5.3" data-path = "../guide/connecting-to-applications-port-forward.html" >
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< a href = "../guide/connecting-to-applications-port-forward.html" >
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< b > 5.5.3.< / b >
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通过端口转发访问集群中的应用程序
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< / li >
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< li class = "chapter " data-level = "5.5.4" data-path = "../guide/service-access-application-cluster.html" >
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< a href = "../guide/service-access-application-cluster.html" >
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< b > 5.5.4.< / b >
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使用 service 访问群集中的应用程序
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< li class = "chapter " data-level = "5.5.5" data-path = "../guide/accessing-kubernetes-pods-from-outside-of-the-cluster.html" >
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< a href = "../guide/accessing-kubernetes-pods-from-outside-of-the-cluster.html" >
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< b > 5.5.5.< / b >
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从外部访问 Kubernetes 中的 Pod
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< li class = "chapter " data-level = "5.5.6" data-path = "../guide/kubernetes-desktop-client.html" >
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< a href = "../guide/kubernetes-desktop-client.html" >
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< b > 5.5.6.< / b >
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Lens - Kubernetes IDE
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< li class = "chapter " data-level = "5.5.7" data-path = "../guide/kubernator-kubernetes-ui.html" >
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< a href = "../guide/kubernator-kubernetes-ui.html" >
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< b > 5.5.7.< / b >
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Kubernator - 更底层的 Kubernetes UI
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< li class = "chapter " data-level = "5.6" data-path = "../guide/application-development-deployment-flow.html" >
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< a href = "../guide/application-development-deployment-flow.html" >
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< b > 5.6.< / b >
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在 Kubernetes 中开发部署应用
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< li class = "chapter " data-level = "5.6.1" data-path = "../guide/deploy-applications-in-kubernetes.html" >
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< a href = "../guide/deploy-applications-in-kubernetes.html" >
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< b > 5.6.1.< / b >
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适用于 Kubernetes 的应用开发部署流程
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< li class = "chapter " data-level = "5.6.2" data-path = "../guide/migrating-hadoop-yarn-to-kubernetes.html" >
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< a href = "../guide/migrating-hadoop-yarn-to-kubernetes.html" >
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< b > 5.6.2.< / b >
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迁移传统应用到 Kubernetes 中 —— 以 Hadoop YARN 为例
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< / li >
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< li class = "chapter " data-level = "5.6.3" data-path = "../guide/using-statefulset.html" >
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< a href = "../guide/using-statefulset.html" >
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< b > 5.6.3.< / b >
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使用 StatefulSet 部署用状态应用
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< / li >
< li class = "header" > 最佳实践< / li >
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< li class = "chapter " data-level = "6.1" data-path = "../practice/" >
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< a href = "../practice/" >
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< b > 6.1.< / b >
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最佳实践概览
< / a >
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< li class = "chapter " data-level = "6.2" data-path = "../practice/install-kubernetes-on-centos.html" >
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< a href = "../practice/install-kubernetes-on-centos.html" >
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< b > 6.2.< / b >
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在 CentOS 上部署 Kubernetes 集群
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< ul class = "articles" >
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< li class = "chapter " data-level = "6.2.1" data-path = "../practice/create-tls-and-secret-key.html" >
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< a href = "../practice/create-tls-and-secret-key.html" >
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< b > 6.2.1.< / b >
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创建 TLS 证书和秘钥
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< / li >
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< li class = "chapter " data-level = "6.2.2" data-path = "../practice/create-kubeconfig.html" >
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< a href = "../practice/create-kubeconfig.html" >
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< b > 6.2.2.< / b >
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创建 kubeconfig 文件
< / a >
< / li >
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< li class = "chapter " data-level = "6.2.3" data-path = "../practice/etcd-cluster-installation.html" >
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< a href = "../practice/etcd-cluster-installation.html" >
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< b > 6.2.3.< / b >
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创建高可用 etcd 集群
< / a >
< / li >
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< li class = "chapter " data-level = "6.2.4" data-path = "../practice/kubectl-installation.html" >
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< a href = "../practice/kubectl-installation.html" >
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< b > 6.2.4.< / b >
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安装 kubectl 命令行工具
< / a >
< / li >
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< li class = "chapter " data-level = "6.2.5" data-path = "../practice/master-installation.html" >
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< a href = "../practice/master-installation.html" >
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< b > 6.2.5.< / b >
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部署 master 节点
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< / li >
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< li class = "chapter " data-level = "6.2.6" data-path = "../practice/flannel-installation.html" >
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< a href = "../practice/flannel-installation.html" >
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< b > 6.2.6.< / b >
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安装 flannel 网络插件
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< / li >
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< li class = "chapter " data-level = "6.2.7" data-path = "../practice/node-installation.html" >
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< a href = "../practice/node-installation.html" >
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< b > 6.2.7.< / b >
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部署 node 节点
< / a >
< / li >
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< li class = "chapter " data-level = "6.2.8" data-path = "../practice/kubedns-addon-installation.html" >
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< a href = "../practice/kubedns-addon-installation.html" >
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< b > 6.2.8.< / b >
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安装 kubedns 插件
< / a >
< / li >
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< li class = "chapter " data-level = "6.2.9" data-path = "../practice/dashboard-addon-installation.html" >
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< a href = "../practice/dashboard-addon-installation.html" >
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< b > 6.2.9.< / b >
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安装 dashboard 插件
< / a >
< / li >
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< li class = "chapter " data-level = "6.2.10" data-path = "../practice/heapster-addon-installation.html" >
2020-06-19 14:52:56 +08:00
< a href = "../practice/heapster-addon-installation.html" >
2021-03-28 16:58:13 +08:00
< b > 6.2.10.< / b >
2020-06-19 14:52:56 +08:00
安装 heapster 插件
< / a >
< / li >
2021-03-28 16:58:13 +08:00
< li class = "chapter " data-level = "6.2.11" data-path = "../practice/efk-addon-installation.html" >
2020-06-19 14:52:56 +08:00
< a href = "../practice/efk-addon-installation.html" >
2021-03-28 16:58:13 +08:00
< b > 6.2.11.< / b >
2020-06-19 14:52:56 +08:00
安装 EFK 插件
< / a >
< / li >
< / ul >
< / li >
2021-03-28 16:58:13 +08:00
< li class = "chapter " data-level = "6.3" data-path = "../practice/install-kubernetes-with-kubeadm.html" >
2020-06-19 14:52:56 +08:00
< a href = "../practice/install-kubernetes-with-kubeadm.html" >
2021-03-28 16:58:13 +08:00
< b > 6.3.< / b >
2020-06-19 14:52:56 +08:00
生产级的 Kubernetes 简化管理工具 kubeadm
< / a >
< ul class = "articles" >
2021-03-28 16:58:13 +08:00
< li class = "chapter " data-level = "6.3.1" data-path = "../practice/install-kubernetes-on-ubuntu-server-16.04-with-kubeadm.html" >
2020-06-19 14:52:56 +08:00
< a href = "../practice/install-kubernetes-on-ubuntu-server-16.04-with-kubeadm.html" >
2021-03-28 16:58:13 +08:00
< b > 6.3.1.< / b >
2020-06-19 14:52:56 +08:00
使用 kubeadm 在 Ubuntu Server 16.04 上快速构建测试集群
< / a >
< / li >
< / ul >
< / li >
2021-03-28 16:58:13 +08:00
< li class = "chapter " data-level = "6.4" data-path = "../practice/service-discovery-and-loadbalancing.html" >
2020-06-19 14:52:56 +08:00
< a href = "../practice/service-discovery-and-loadbalancing.html" >
2021-03-28 16:58:13 +08:00
< b > 6.4.< / b >
2020-06-19 14:52:56 +08:00
服务发现与负载均衡
< / a >
< ul class = "articles" >
2021-03-28 16:58:13 +08:00
< li class = "chapter " data-level = "6.4.1" data-path = "../practice/traefik-ingress-installation.html" >
2020-06-19 14:52:56 +08:00
< a href = "../practice/traefik-ingress-installation.html" >
2021-03-28 16:58:13 +08:00
< b > 6.4.1.< / b >
2020-06-19 14:52:56 +08:00
安装 Traefik ingress
< / a >
< / li >
2021-03-28 16:58:13 +08:00
< li class = "chapter " data-level = "6.4.2" data-path = "../practice/distributed-load-test.html" >
2020-06-19 14:52:56 +08:00
< a href = "../practice/distributed-load-test.html" >
2021-03-28 16:58:13 +08:00
< b > 6.4.2.< / b >
2020-06-19 14:52:56 +08:00
分布式负载测试
< / a >
< / li >
2021-03-28 16:58:13 +08:00
< li class = "chapter " data-level = "6.4.3" data-path = "../practice/network-and-cluster-perfermance-test.html" >
2020-06-19 14:52:56 +08:00
< a href = "../practice/network-and-cluster-perfermance-test.html" >
2021-03-28 16:58:13 +08:00
< b > 6.4.3.< / b >
2020-06-19 14:52:56 +08:00
网络和集群性能测试
< / a >
< / li >
2021-03-28 16:58:13 +08:00
< li class = "chapter " data-level = "6.4.4" data-path = "../practice/edge-node-configuration.html" >
2020-06-19 14:52:56 +08:00
< a href = "../practice/edge-node-configuration.html" >
2021-03-28 16:58:13 +08:00
< b > 6.4.4.< / b >
2020-06-19 14:52:56 +08:00
边缘节点配置
< / a >
< / li >
2021-03-28 16:58:13 +08:00
< li class = "chapter " data-level = "6.4.5" data-path = "../practice/nginx-ingress-installation.html" >
2020-06-19 14:52:56 +08:00
< a href = "../practice/nginx-ingress-installation.html" >
2021-03-28 16:58:13 +08:00
< b > 6.4.5.< / b >
2020-06-19 14:52:56 +08:00
安装 Nginx ingress
< / a >
< / li >
2021-03-28 16:58:13 +08:00
< li class = "chapter " data-level = "6.4.6" data-path = "../practice/dns-installation.html" >
2020-06-19 14:52:56 +08:00
< a href = "../practice/dns-installation.html" >
2021-03-28 16:58:13 +08:00
< b > 6.4.6.< / b >
2020-06-19 14:52:56 +08:00
安装配置 DNS
< / a >
< ul class = "articles" >
2021-03-28 16:58:13 +08:00
< li class = "chapter " data-level = "6.4.6.1" data-path = "../practice/configuring-dns.html" >
2020-06-19 14:52:56 +08:00
< a href = "../practice/configuring-dns.html" >
2021-03-28 16:58:13 +08:00
< b > 6.4.6.1.< / b >
2020-06-19 14:52:56 +08:00
安装配置 Kube-dns
< / a >
< / li >
2021-03-28 16:58:13 +08:00
< li class = "chapter " data-level = "6.4.6.2" data-path = "../practice/coredns.html" >
2020-06-19 14:52:56 +08:00
< a href = "../practice/coredns.html" >
2021-03-28 16:58:13 +08:00
< b > 6.4.6.2.< / b >
2020-06-19 14:52:56 +08:00
安装配置 CoreDNS
< / a >
< / li >
< / ul >
< / li >
< / ul >
< / li >
2021-03-28 16:58:13 +08:00
< li class = "chapter " data-level = "6.5" data-path = "../practice/operation.html" >
2020-06-19 14:52:56 +08:00
< a href = "../practice/operation.html" >
2021-03-28 16:58:13 +08:00
< b > 6.5.< / b >
2020-06-19 14:52:56 +08:00
运维管理
< / a >
< ul class = "articles" >
2021-03-28 16:58:13 +08:00
< li class = "chapter " data-level = "6.5.1" data-path = "../practice/master-ha.html" >
2020-06-19 14:52:56 +08:00
< a href = "../practice/master-ha.html" >
2021-03-28 16:58:13 +08:00
< b > 6.5.1.< / b >
2020-06-19 14:52:56 +08:00
Master 节点高可用
< / a >
< / li >
2021-03-28 16:58:13 +08:00
< li class = "chapter " data-level = "6.5.2" data-path = "../practice/service-rolling-update.html" >
2020-06-19 14:52:56 +08:00
< a href = "../practice/service-rolling-update.html" >
2021-03-28 16:58:13 +08:00
< b > 6.5.2.< / b >
2020-06-19 14:52:56 +08:00
服务滚动升级
< / a >
< / li >
2021-03-28 16:58:13 +08:00
< li class = "chapter " data-level = "6.5.3" data-path = "../practice/app-log-collection.html" >
2020-06-19 14:52:56 +08:00
< a href = "../practice/app-log-collection.html" >
2021-03-28 16:58:13 +08:00
< b > 6.5.3.< / b >
2020-06-19 14:52:56 +08:00
应用日志收集
< / a >
< / li >
2021-03-28 16:58:13 +08:00
< li class = "chapter " data-level = "6.5.4" data-path = "../practice/configuration-best-practice.html" >
2020-06-19 14:52:56 +08:00
< a href = "../practice/configuration-best-practice.html" >
2021-03-28 16:58:13 +08:00
< b > 6.5.4.< / b >
2020-06-19 14:52:56 +08:00
配置最佳实践
< / a >
< / li >
2021-03-28 16:58:13 +08:00
< li class = "chapter " data-level = "6.5.5" data-path = "../practice/monitor.html" >
2020-06-19 14:52:56 +08:00
< a href = "../practice/monitor.html" >
2021-03-28 16:58:13 +08:00
< b > 6.5.5.< / b >
2020-06-19 14:52:56 +08:00
集群及应用监控
< / a >
< / li >
2021-03-28 16:58:13 +08:00
< li class = "chapter " data-level = "6.5.6" data-path = "../practice/data-persistence-problem.html" >
2020-06-19 14:52:56 +08:00
< a href = "../practice/data-persistence-problem.html" >
2021-03-28 16:58:13 +08:00
< b > 6.5.6.< / b >
2020-06-19 14:52:56 +08:00
数据持久化问题
< / a >
< / li >
2021-03-28 16:58:13 +08:00
< li class = "chapter " data-level = "6.5.7" data-path = "../practice/manage-compute-resources-container.html" >
2020-06-19 14:52:56 +08:00
< a href = "../practice/manage-compute-resources-container.html" >
2021-03-28 16:58:13 +08:00
< b > 6.5.7.< / b >
2020-06-19 14:52:56 +08:00
管理容器的计算资源
< / a >
< / li >
< / ul >
< / li >
2021-03-28 16:58:13 +08:00
< li class = "chapter " data-level = "6.6" data-path = "../practice/storage.html" >
2020-06-19 14:52:56 +08:00
< a href = "../practice/storage.html" >
2021-03-28 16:58:13 +08:00
< b > 6.6.< / b >
2020-06-19 14:52:56 +08:00
存储管理
< / a >
< ul class = "articles" >
2021-03-28 16:58:13 +08:00
< li class = "chapter " data-level = "6.6.1" data-path = "../practice/glusterfs.html" >
2020-06-19 14:52:56 +08:00
< a href = "../practice/glusterfs.html" >
2021-03-28 16:58:13 +08:00
< b > 6.6.1.< / b >
2020-06-19 14:52:56 +08:00
GlusterFS
< / a >
< ul class = "articles" >
2021-03-28 16:58:13 +08:00
< li class = "chapter " data-level = "6.6.1.1" data-path = "../practice/using-glusterfs-for-persistent-storage.html" >
2020-06-19 14:52:56 +08:00
< a href = "../practice/using-glusterfs-for-persistent-storage.html" >
2021-03-28 16:58:13 +08:00
< b > 6.6.1.1.< / b >
2020-06-19 14:52:56 +08:00
使用 GlusterFS 做持久化存储
< / a >
< / li >
2021-03-28 16:58:13 +08:00
< li class = "chapter " data-level = "6.6.1.2" data-path = "../practice/using-heketi-gluster-for-persistent-storage.html" >
2020-06-19 14:52:56 +08:00
< a href = "../practice/using-heketi-gluster-for-persistent-storage.html" >
2021-03-28 16:58:13 +08:00
< b > 6.6.1.2.< / b >
2020-06-19 14:52:56 +08:00
使用 Heketi 作为 Kubernetes 的持久存储 GlusterFS 的 external provisioner
< / a >
< / li >
2021-03-28 16:58:13 +08:00
< li class = "chapter " data-level = "6.6.1.3" data-path = "../practice/storage-for-containers-using-glusterfs-with-openshift.html" >
2020-06-19 14:52:56 +08:00
< a href = "../practice/storage-for-containers-using-glusterfs-with-openshift.html" >
2021-03-28 16:58:13 +08:00
< b > 6.6.1.3.< / b >
2020-06-19 14:52:56 +08:00
在 OpenShift 中使用 GlusterFS 做持久化存储
< / a >
< / li >
< / ul >
< / li >
2021-03-28 16:58:13 +08:00
< li class = "chapter " data-level = "6.6.2" data-path = "../practice/glusterd-2.0.html" >
2020-06-19 14:52:56 +08:00
< a href = "../practice/glusterd-2.0.html" >
2021-03-28 16:58:13 +08:00
< b > 6.6.2.< / b >
2020-06-19 14:52:56 +08:00
GlusterD-2.0
< / a >
< / li >
2021-03-28 16:58:13 +08:00
< li class = "chapter " data-level = "6.6.3" data-path = "../practice/ceph.html" >
2020-06-19 14:52:56 +08:00
< a href = "../practice/ceph.html" >
2021-03-28 16:58:13 +08:00
< b > 6.6.3.< / b >
2020-06-19 14:52:56 +08:00
Ceph
< / a >
< ul class = "articles" >
2021-03-28 16:58:13 +08:00
< li class = "chapter " data-level = "6.6.3.1" data-path = "../practice/ceph-helm-install-guide-zh.html" >
2020-06-19 14:52:56 +08:00
< a href = "../practice/ceph-helm-install-guide-zh.html" >
2021-03-28 16:58:13 +08:00
< b > 6.6.3.1.< / b >
2020-06-19 14:52:56 +08:00
用 Helm 托管安装 Ceph 集群并提供后端存储
< / a >
< / li >
2021-03-28 16:58:13 +08:00
< li class = "chapter " data-level = "6.6.3.2" data-path = "../practice/using-ceph-for-persistent-storage.html" >
2020-06-19 14:52:56 +08:00
< a href = "../practice/using-ceph-for-persistent-storage.html" >
2021-03-28 16:58:13 +08:00
< b > 6.6.3.2.< / b >
2020-06-19 14:52:56 +08:00
使用 Ceph 做持久化存储
< / a >
< / li >
2021-03-28 16:58:13 +08:00
< li class = "chapter " data-level = "6.6.3.3" data-path = "../practice/rbd-provisioner.html" >
2020-06-19 14:52:56 +08:00
< a href = "../practice/rbd-provisioner.html" >
2021-03-28 16:58:13 +08:00
< b > 6.6.3.3.< / b >
2020-06-19 14:52:56 +08:00
使用 rbd-provisioner 提供 rbd 持久化存储
< / a >
< / li >
< / ul >
< / li >
2021-03-28 16:58:13 +08:00
< li class = "chapter " data-level = "6.6.4" data-path = "../practice/openebs.html" >
2020-06-19 14:52:56 +08:00
< a href = "../practice/openebs.html" >
2021-03-28 16:58:13 +08:00
< b > 6.6.4.< / b >
2020-06-19 14:52:56 +08:00
OpenEBS
< / a >
< ul class = "articles" >
2021-03-28 16:58:13 +08:00
< li class = "chapter " data-level = "6.6.4.1" data-path = "../practice/using-openebs-for-persistent-storage.html" >
2020-06-19 14:52:56 +08:00
< a href = "../practice/using-openebs-for-persistent-storage.html" >
2021-03-28 16:58:13 +08:00
< b > 6.6.4.1.< / b >
2020-06-19 14:52:56 +08:00
使用 OpenEBS 做持久化存储
< / a >
< / li >
< / ul >
< / li >
2021-03-28 16:58:13 +08:00
< li class = "chapter " data-level = "6.6.5" data-path = "../practice/rook.html" >
2020-06-19 14:52:56 +08:00
< a href = "../practice/rook.html" >
2021-03-28 16:58:13 +08:00
< b > 6.6.5.< / b >
2020-06-19 14:52:56 +08:00
Rook
< / a >
< / li >
2021-03-28 16:58:13 +08:00
< li class = "chapter " data-level = "6.6.6" data-path = "../practice/nfs.html" >
2020-06-19 14:52:56 +08:00
< a href = "../practice/nfs.html" >
2021-03-28 16:58:13 +08:00
< b > 6.6.6.< / b >
2020-06-19 14:52:56 +08:00
NFS
< / a >
< ul class = "articles" >
2021-03-28 16:58:13 +08:00
< li class = "chapter " data-level = "6.6.6.1" data-path = "../practice/using-nfs-for-persistent-storage.html" >
2020-06-19 14:52:56 +08:00
< a href = "../practice/using-nfs-for-persistent-storage.html" >
2021-03-28 16:58:13 +08:00
< b > 6.6.6.1.< / b >
2020-06-19 14:52:56 +08:00
利用 NFS 动态提供 Kubernetes 后端存储卷
< / a >
< / li >
< / ul >
< / li >
< / ul >
< / li >
2021-03-28 16:58:13 +08:00
< li class = "chapter " data-level = "6.7" data-path = "../practice/monitoring.html" >
2020-06-19 14:52:56 +08:00
< a href = "../practice/monitoring.html" >
2021-03-28 16:58:13 +08:00
< b > 6.7.< / b >
2020-06-19 14:52:56 +08:00
集群与应用监控
< / a >
< ul class = "articles" >
2021-03-28 16:58:13 +08:00
< li class = "chapter " data-level = "6.7.1" data-path = "../practice/heapster.html" >
2020-06-19 14:52:56 +08:00
< a href = "../practice/heapster.html" >
2021-03-28 16:58:13 +08:00
< b > 6.7.1.< / b >
2020-06-19 14:52:56 +08:00
Heapster
< / a >
< ul class = "articles" >
2021-03-28 16:58:13 +08:00
< li class = "chapter " data-level = "6.7.1.1" data-path = "../practice/using-heapster-to-get-object-metrics.html" >
2020-06-19 14:52:56 +08:00
< a href = "../practice/using-heapster-to-get-object-metrics.html" >
2021-03-28 16:58:13 +08:00
< b > 6.7.1.1.< / b >
2020-06-19 14:52:56 +08:00
使用 Heapster 获取集群和对象的 metric 数据
< / a >
< / li >
< / ul >
< / li >
2021-03-28 16:58:13 +08:00
< li class = "chapter " data-level = "6.7.2" data-path = "../practice/prometheus.html" >
2020-06-19 14:52:56 +08:00
< a href = "../practice/prometheus.html" >
2021-03-28 16:58:13 +08:00
< b > 6.7.2.< / b >
2020-06-19 14:52:56 +08:00
Prometheus
< / a >
< ul class = "articles" >
2021-03-28 16:58:13 +08:00
< li class = "chapter " data-level = "6.7.2.1" data-path = "../practice/using-prometheus-to-monitor-kuberentes-cluster.html" >
2020-06-19 14:52:56 +08:00
< a href = "../practice/using-prometheus-to-monitor-kuberentes-cluster.html" >
2021-03-28 16:58:13 +08:00
< b > 6.7.2.1.< / b >
2020-06-19 14:52:56 +08:00
2021-11-09 17:32:02 +08:00
使用 Prometheus 监控 Kubernetes 集群
2020-06-19 14:52:56 +08:00
< / a >
< / li >
2021-03-28 16:58:13 +08:00
< li class = "chapter " data-level = "6.7.2.2" data-path = "../practice/promql.html" >
2020-06-19 14:52:56 +08:00
< a href = "../practice/promql.html" >
2021-03-28 16:58:13 +08:00
< b > 6.7.2.2.< / b >
2020-06-19 14:52:56 +08:00
Prometheus 查询语言 PromQL 使用说明
< / a >
< / li >
< / ul >
< / li >
< / ul >
< / li >
2021-03-28 16:58:13 +08:00
< li class = "chapter " data-level = "6.8" data-path = "../practice/distributed-tracing.html" >
2020-06-19 14:52:56 +08:00
< a href = "../practice/distributed-tracing.html" >
2021-03-28 16:58:13 +08:00
< b > 6.8.< / b >
2020-06-19 14:52:56 +08:00
2021-03-28 16:58:13 +08:00
分布式追踪
2020-06-19 14:52:56 +08:00
< / a >
< ul class = "articles" >
2021-03-28 16:58:13 +08:00
< li class = "chapter " data-level = "6.8.1" data-path = "../practice/opentracing.html" >
2020-06-19 14:52:56 +08:00
< a href = "../practice/opentracing.html" >
2021-03-28 16:58:13 +08:00
< b > 6.8.1.< / b >
2020-06-19 14:52:56 +08:00
OpenTracing
< / a >
< / li >
< / ul >
< / li >
2021-03-28 16:58:13 +08:00
< li class = "chapter " data-level = "6.9" data-path = "../practice/services-management-tool.html" >
2020-06-19 14:52:56 +08:00
< a href = "../practice/services-management-tool.html" >
2021-03-28 16:58:13 +08:00
< b > 6.9.< / b >
2020-06-19 14:52:56 +08:00
服务编排管理
< / a >
< ul class = "articles" >
2021-03-28 16:58:13 +08:00
< li class = "chapter " data-level = "6.9.1" data-path = "../practice/helm.html" >
2020-06-19 14:52:56 +08:00
< a href = "../practice/helm.html" >
2021-03-28 16:58:13 +08:00
< b > 6.9.1.< / b >
2020-06-19 14:52:56 +08:00
使用 Helm 管理 Kubernetes 应用
< / a >
< / li >
2021-03-28 16:58:13 +08:00
< li class = "chapter " data-level = "6.9.2" data-path = "../practice/create-private-charts-repo.html" >
2020-06-19 14:52:56 +08:00
< a href = "../practice/create-private-charts-repo.html" >
2021-03-28 16:58:13 +08:00
< b > 6.9.2.< / b >
2020-06-19 14:52:56 +08:00
构建私有 Chart 仓库
< / a >
< / li >
< / ul >
< / li >
2021-03-28 16:58:13 +08:00
< li class = "chapter " data-level = "6.10" data-path = "../practice/ci-cd.html" >
2020-06-19 14:52:56 +08:00
< a href = "../practice/ci-cd.html" >
2021-03-28 16:58:13 +08:00
< b > 6.10.< / b >
2020-06-19 14:52:56 +08:00
2022-01-18 10:33:37 +08:00
持续集成与发布（ ）
2020-06-19 14:52:56 +08:00
< / a >
< ul class = "articles" >
2021-03-28 16:58:13 +08:00
< li class = "chapter " data-level = "6.10.1" data-path = "../practice/jenkins-ci-cd.html" >
2020-06-19 14:52:56 +08:00
< a href = "../practice/jenkins-ci-cd.html" >
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< b > 6.10.1.< / b >
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使用 Jenkins 进行持续集成与发布
< / a >
< / li >
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< li class = "chapter " data-level = "6.10.2" data-path = "../practice/drone-ci-cd.html" >
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< a href = "../practice/drone-ci-cd.html" >
2021-03-28 16:58:13 +08:00
< b > 6.10.2.< / b >
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使用 Drone 进行持续集成与发布
< / a >
< / li >
< / ul >
< / li >
2021-03-28 16:58:13 +08:00
< li class = "chapter " data-level = "6.11" data-path = "../practice/update-and-upgrade.html" >
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< a href = "../practice/update-and-upgrade.html" >
2021-03-28 16:58:13 +08:00
< b > 6.11.< / b >
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更新与升级
< / a >
< ul class = "articles" >
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< li class = "chapter " data-level = "6.11.1" data-path = "../practice/manually-upgrade.html" >
2020-06-19 14:52:56 +08:00
< a href = "../practice/manually-upgrade.html" >
2021-03-28 16:58:13 +08:00
< b > 6.11.1.< / b >
2020-06-19 14:52:56 +08:00
手动升级 Kubernetes 集群
< / a >
< / li >
2021-03-28 16:58:13 +08:00
< li class = "chapter " data-level = "6.11.2" data-path = "../practice/dashboard-upgrade.html" >
2020-06-19 14:52:56 +08:00
< a href = "../practice/dashboard-upgrade.html" >
2021-03-28 16:58:13 +08:00
< b > 6.11.2.< / b >
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升级 dashboard
< / a >
< / li >
< / ul >
< / li >
2021-03-28 16:58:13 +08:00
< li class = "chapter " data-level = "6.12" data-path = "../practice/controller-extended.html" >
2020-06-19 14:52:56 +08:00
< a href = "../practice/controller-extended.html" >
2021-03-28 16:58:13 +08:00
< b > 6.12.< / b >
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扩展控制器
< / a >
< ul class = "articles" >
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< li class = "chapter " data-level = "6.12.1" data-path = "../practice/openkruise.html" >
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< a href = "../practice/openkruise.html" >
2021-03-28 16:58:13 +08:00
< b > 6.12.1.< / b >
2020-06-19 14:52:56 +08:00
OpenKruise
< / a >
2020-06-22 17:07:42 +08:00
< ul class = "articles" >
2021-03-28 16:58:13 +08:00
< li class = "chapter " data-level = "6.12.1.1" data-path = "../practice/in-place-update.html" >
2020-06-22 17:07:42 +08:00
< a href = "../practice/in-place-update.html" >
2021-03-28 16:58:13 +08:00
< b > 6.12.1.1.< / b >
2020-06-22 17:07:42 +08:00
原地升级
< / a >
< / li >
< / ul >
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< / li >
< / ul >
< / li >
2021-06-30 15:18:58 +08:00
< li class = "chapter " data-level = "6.13" data-path = "../practice/security-policy.html" >
< a href = "../practice/security-policy.html" >
< b > 6.13.< / b >
安全策略
< / a >
< ul class = "articles" >
< li class = "chapter " data-level = "6.13.1" data-path = "../practice/open-policy-agent.html" >
< a href = "../practice/open-policy-agent.html" >
< b > 6.13.1.< / b >
2021-11-09 17:32:02 +08:00
开放策略代理（ ）
2021-06-30 15:18:58 +08:00
< / a >
2021-08-06 14:42:13 +08:00
< / li >
< li class = "chapter " data-level = "6.13.2" data-path = "../practice/cloud-native-security.html" >
< a href = "../practice/cloud-native-security.html" >
< b > 6.13.2.< / b >
云原生安全
< / a >
2021-06-30 15:18:58 +08:00
< / li >
< / ul >
< / li >
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2021-04-06 19:01:23 +08:00
< li class = "header" > 服务网格< / li >
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2021-04-06 19:01:23 +08:00
< li class = "chapter " data-level = "7.1" data-path = "../usecases/service-mesh.html" >
2020-06-19 14:52:56 +08:00
2021-04-06 19:01:23 +08:00
< a href = "../usecases/service-mesh.html" >
2020-06-19 14:52:56 +08:00
2021-03-28 16:58:13 +08:00
< b > 7.1.< / b >
2020-06-19 14:52:56 +08:00
2021-04-06 19:01:23 +08:00
服务网格（ ）
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< / a >
< / li >
2021-04-06 19:01:23 +08:00
< li class = "chapter " data-level = "7.2" data-path = "../usecases/the-enterprise-path-to-service-mesh-architectures.html" >
2020-06-19 14:52:56 +08:00
2021-04-06 19:01:23 +08:00
< a href = "../usecases/the-enterprise-path-to-service-mesh-architectures.html" >
2020-06-19 14:52:56 +08:00
2021-03-28 16:58:13 +08:00
< b > 7.2.< / b >
2020-06-19 14:52:56 +08:00
2021-04-06 19:01:23 +08:00
企业级服务网格架构
2020-06-19 14:52:56 +08:00
< / a >
< ul class = "articles" >
2021-04-06 19:01:23 +08:00
< li class = "chapter " data-level = "7.2.1" data-path = "../usecases/service-mesh-fundamental.html" >
2020-06-19 14:52:56 +08:00
2021-04-06 19:01:23 +08:00
< a href = "../usecases/service-mesh-fundamental.html" >
2020-06-19 14:52:56 +08:00
2021-03-28 16:58:13 +08:00
< b > 7.2.1.< / b >
2020-06-19 14:52:56 +08:00
2021-04-06 19:01:23 +08:00
服务网格基础
2020-06-19 14:52:56 +08:00
< / a >
< / li >
2021-04-06 19:01:23 +08:00
< li class = "chapter " data-level = "7.2.2" data-path = "../usecases/comparing-service-mesh-technologies.html" >
2020-06-19 14:52:56 +08:00
2021-04-06 19:01:23 +08:00
< a href = "../usecases/comparing-service-mesh-technologies.html" >
2020-06-19 14:52:56 +08:00
2021-03-28 16:58:13 +08:00
< b > 7.2.2.< / b >
2020-06-19 14:52:56 +08:00
2021-04-06 19:01:23 +08:00
服务网格技术对比
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< / a >
2021-04-06 19:01:23 +08:00
< / li >
2020-06-19 14:52:56 +08:00
2021-04-06 19:01:23 +08:00
< li class = "chapter " data-level = "7.2.3" data-path = "../usecases/service-mesh-vs-api-gateway.html" >
2020-06-19 14:52:56 +08:00
2021-04-06 19:01:23 +08:00
< a href = "../usecases/service-mesh-vs-api-gateway.html" >
2020-06-19 14:52:56 +08:00
2021-04-06 19:01:23 +08:00
< b > 7.2.3.< / b >
2020-06-19 14:52:56 +08:00
2021-04-06 19:01:23 +08:00
服务网格对比 API 网关
2020-06-19 14:52:56 +08:00
< / a >
< / li >
2021-04-06 19:01:23 +08:00
< li class = "chapter " data-level = "7.2.4" data-path = "../usecases/service-mesh-adoption-and-evolution.html" >
< a href = "../usecases/service-mesh-adoption-and-evolution.html" >
< b > 7.2.4.< / b >
采纳和演进
< / a >
2020-06-19 14:52:56 +08:00
< / li >
2021-04-06 19:01:23 +08:00
< li class = "chapter " data-level = "7.2.5" data-path = "../usecases/service-mesh-customization-and-integration.html" >
< a href = "../usecases/service-mesh-customization-and-integration.html" >
< b > 7.2.5.< / b >
定制和集成
< / a >
2020-06-19 14:52:56 +08:00
< / li >
2021-04-06 19:01:23 +08:00
< li class = "chapter " data-level = "7.2.6" data-path = "../usecases/service-mesh-conclusion.html" >
2020-11-23 12:24:15 +08:00
2021-04-06 19:01:23 +08:00
< a href = "../usecases/service-mesh-conclusion.html" >
2020-11-23 12:24:15 +08:00
2021-04-06 19:01:23 +08:00
< b > 7.2.6.< / b >
2020-11-23 12:24:15 +08:00
2021-04-06 19:01:23 +08:00
总结
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< / a >
2021-04-06 19:01:23 +08:00
< / li >
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2021-04-06 19:01:23 +08:00
< / ul >
2020-06-19 14:52:56 +08:00
2021-04-06 19:01:23 +08:00
< / li >
< li class = "chapter " data-level = "7.3" data-path = "../usecases/istio.html" >
< a href = "../usecases/istio.html" >
2020-06-19 14:52:56 +08:00
2021-04-06 19:01:23 +08:00
< b > 7.3.< / b >
2020-06-19 14:52:56 +08:00
2021-04-06 19:01:23 +08:00
Istio
2020-06-19 14:52:56 +08:00
< / a >
< ul class = "articles" >
2021-04-06 19:01:23 +08:00
< li class = "chapter " data-level = "7.3.1" data-path = "../usecases/before-using-istio.html" >
2020-06-19 14:52:56 +08:00
2021-04-06 19:01:23 +08:00
< a href = "../usecases/before-using-istio.html" >
2020-06-19 14:52:56 +08:00
2021-04-06 19:01:23 +08:00
< b > 7.3.1.< / b >
2020-06-19 14:52:56 +08:00
2021-04-06 19:01:23 +08:00
使用 Istio 前需要考虑的问题
2020-06-19 14:52:56 +08:00
< / a >
< / li >
2022-04-27 12:19:40 +08:00
< li class = "chapter " data-level = "7.3.2" data-path = "../usecases/sidecar-pattern.html" >
2020-06-19 14:52:56 +08:00
2022-04-27 12:19:40 +08:00
< a href = "../usecases/sidecar-pattern.html" >
2020-06-19 14:52:56 +08:00
2021-12-12 21:39:36 +08:00
< b > 7.3.2.< / b >
2020-06-19 14:52:56 +08:00
2022-04-27 12:19:40 +08:00
Sidecar 模式
2020-06-19 14:52:56 +08:00
< / a >
< / li >
2022-04-27 12:19:40 +08:00
< li class = "chapter " data-level = "7.3.3" data-path = "../usecases/sidecar-spec-in-istio.html" >
2020-06-19 14:52:56 +08:00
2022-04-27 12:19:40 +08:00
< a href = "../usecases/sidecar-spec-in-istio.html" >
2020-06-19 14:52:56 +08:00
2021-12-12 21:39:36 +08:00
< b > 7.3.3.< / b >
2020-06-19 14:52:56 +08:00
2022-04-27 12:19:40 +08:00
Istio 中 sidecar 的注入规范
2020-06-19 14:52:56 +08:00
< / a >
< / li >
2022-03-09 17:24:42 +08:00
< li class = "chapter " data-level = "7.3.4" data-path = "../usecases/understand-sidecar-injection-and-traffic-hijack-in-istio-service-mesh.html" >
2020-06-19 14:52:56 +08:00
2021-04-06 19:01:23 +08:00
< a href = "../usecases/understand-sidecar-injection-and-traffic-hijack-in-istio-service-mesh.html" >
2020-06-19 14:52:56 +08:00
2022-03-09 17:24:42 +08:00
< b > 7.3.4.< / b >
2020-06-19 14:52:56 +08:00
2022-04-27 12:19:40 +08:00
Sidecar 的注入与透明流量劫持
2020-06-19 14:52:56 +08:00
< / a >
2021-04-06 19:01:23 +08:00
< / li >
2020-06-19 14:52:56 +08:00
2022-04-27 12:19:40 +08:00
< li class = "chapter " data-level = "7.3.5" data-path = "../usecases/istio-traffic-routing.html" >
2020-06-19 14:52:56 +08:00
2022-04-27 12:19:40 +08:00
< a href = "../usecases/istio-traffic-routing.html" >
2020-06-19 14:52:56 +08:00
2022-03-09 17:24:42 +08:00
< b > 7.3.5.< / b >
2020-06-19 14:52:56 +08:00
2022-04-27 12:19:40 +08:00
Istio 中的流量路由过程详解
< / a >
< / li >
< li class = "chapter " data-level = "7.3.6" data-path = "../usecases/how-to-integrate-istio-with-vm.html" >
< a href = "../usecases/how-to-integrate-istio-with-vm.html" >
< b > 7.3.6.< / b >
2021-04-06 19:01:23 +08:00
Istio 如何支持虚拟机
2020-06-19 14:52:56 +08:00
< / a >
< / li >
2022-04-27 12:19:40 +08:00
< li class = "chapter " data-level = "7.3.7" data-path = "../usecases/istio-vm-support.html" >
2020-06-19 14:52:56 +08:00
2021-04-06 19:01:23 +08:00
< a href = "../usecases/istio-vm-support.html" >
2020-06-19 14:52:56 +08:00
2022-04-27 12:19:40 +08:00
< b > 7.3.7.< / b >
2020-06-19 14:52:56 +08:00
2021-04-06 19:01:23 +08:00
Istio 支持虚拟机的历史
2020-06-19 14:52:56 +08:00
< / a >
2022-04-27 12:19:40 +08:00
< / li >
< li class = "chapter " data-level = "7.3.8" data-path = "../usecases/istio-community-tips.html" >
< a href = "../usecases/istio-community-tips.html" >
< b > 7.3.8.< / b >
如何参与 Istio 社区及注意事项
< / a >
2020-06-19 14:52:56 +08:00
< / li >
2021-04-06 19:01:23 +08:00
< / ul >
2020-06-19 14:52:56 +08:00
2021-04-06 19:01:23 +08:00
< / li >
< li class = "chapter " data-level = "7.4" data-path = "../usecases/envoy.html" >
< a href = "../usecases/envoy.html" >
2020-06-19 14:52:56 +08:00
2021-04-06 19:01:23 +08:00
< b > 7.4.< / b >
2020-06-19 14:52:56 +08:00
2021-04-06 19:01:23 +08:00
Envoy
2020-06-19 14:52:56 +08:00
< / a >
2021-04-06 19:01:23 +08:00
< ul class = "articles" >
2020-06-19 14:52:56 +08:00
2021-04-06 19:01:23 +08:00
< li class = "chapter " data-level = "7.4.1" data-path = "../usecases/envoy-terminology.html" >
2020-06-19 14:52:56 +08:00
2021-04-06 19:01:23 +08:00
< a href = "../usecases/envoy-terminology.html" >
2020-06-19 14:52:56 +08:00
2021-04-06 19:01:23 +08:00
< b > 7.4.1.< / b >
2020-06-19 14:52:56 +08:00
2021-04-06 19:01:23 +08:00
Envoy 的架构与基本术语
2020-06-19 14:52:56 +08:00
< / a >
< / li >
2021-04-06 19:01:23 +08:00
< li class = "chapter " data-level = "7.4.2" data-path = "../usecases/envoy-front-proxy.html" >
2020-06-19 14:52:56 +08:00
2021-04-06 19:01:23 +08:00
< a href = "../usecases/envoy-front-proxy.html" >
2020-06-19 14:52:56 +08:00
2021-04-06 19:01:23 +08:00
< b > 7.4.2.< / b >
2020-06-19 14:52:56 +08:00
2021-04-06 19:01:23 +08:00
Envoy 作为前端代理
2020-06-19 14:52:56 +08:00
< / a >
2020-11-18 17:21:45 +08:00
< / li >
2021-04-06 19:01:23 +08:00
< li class = "chapter " data-level = "7.4.3" data-path = "../usecases/envoy-mesh-in-kubernetes-tutorial.html" >
2020-11-18 17:21:45 +08:00
2021-04-06 19:01:23 +08:00
< a href = "../usecases/envoy-mesh-in-kubernetes-tutorial.html" >
2020-11-18 17:21:45 +08:00
2021-04-06 19:01:23 +08:00
< b > 7.4.3.< / b >
2020-11-18 17:21:45 +08:00
2021-04-06 19:01:23 +08:00
Envoy mesh 教程
2020-11-18 17:21:45 +08:00
< / a >
2020-12-25 20:38:09 +08:00
< / li >
2021-04-06 19:01:23 +08:00
< / ul >
2020-12-25 20:38:09 +08:00
2021-04-06 19:01:23 +08:00
< / li >
< li class = "header" > 领域应用< / li >
< li class = "chapter " data-level = "8.1" data-path = "../usecases/" >
< a href = "../usecases/" >
2020-12-25 20:38:09 +08:00
2021-04-06 19:01:23 +08:00
< b > 8.1.< / b >
2020-12-25 20:38:09 +08:00
2021-04-06 19:01:23 +08:00
领域应用概览
2020-12-25 20:38:09 +08:00
< / a >
2020-06-19 14:52:56 +08:00
< / li >
2021-04-06 19:01:23 +08:00
< li class = "chapter " data-level = "8.2" data-path = "../usecases/microservices.html" >
2020-06-19 14:52:56 +08:00
2021-04-06 19:01:23 +08:00
< a href = "../usecases/microservices.html" >
2020-06-19 14:52:56 +08:00
2021-04-06 19:01:23 +08:00
< b > 8.2.< / b >
2020-06-19 14:52:56 +08:00
2021-04-06 19:01:23 +08:00
微服务架构
2020-06-19 14:52:56 +08:00
< / a >
< ul class = "articles" >
2021-04-06 19:01:23 +08:00
< li class = "chapter " data-level = "8.2.1" data-path = "../usecases/service-discovery-in-microservices.html" >
2020-06-19 14:52:56 +08:00
2021-04-06 19:01:23 +08:00
< a href = "../usecases/service-discovery-in-microservices.html" >
2020-06-19 14:52:56 +08:00
2021-04-06 19:01:23 +08:00
< b > 8.2.1.< / b >
2020-06-19 14:52:56 +08:00
2021-04-06 19:01:23 +08:00
微服务中的服务发现
2020-06-19 14:52:56 +08:00
< / a >
< / li >
2021-04-06 19:01:23 +08:00
< li class = "chapter " data-level = "8.2.2" data-path = "../usecases/microservices-for-java-developers.html" >
2020-06-19 14:52:56 +08:00
2021-04-06 19:01:23 +08:00
< a href = "../usecases/microservices-for-java-developers.html" >
2020-06-19 14:52:56 +08:00
2021-04-06 19:01:23 +08:00
< b > 8.2.2.< / b >
2020-06-19 14:52:56 +08:00
2021-04-06 19:01:23 +08:00
使用 Java 构建微服务并发布到 Kubernetes 平台
2020-06-19 14:52:56 +08:00
< / a >
2021-04-06 19:01:23 +08:00
< ul class = "articles" >
2020-06-19 14:52:56 +08:00
2021-04-06 19:01:23 +08:00
< li class = "chapter " data-level = "8.2.2.1" data-path = "../usecases/spring-boot-quick-start-guide.html" >
2020-06-19 14:52:56 +08:00
2021-04-06 19:01:23 +08:00
< a href = "../usecases/spring-boot-quick-start-guide.html" >
2020-06-19 14:52:56 +08:00
2021-04-06 19:01:23 +08:00
< b > 8.2.2.1.< / b >
2020-06-19 14:52:56 +08:00
2021-04-06 19:01:23 +08:00
Spring Boot 快速开始指南
2020-06-19 14:52:56 +08:00
< / a >
< / li >
< / ul >
< / li >
< / ul >
< / li >
2021-04-06 19:01:23 +08:00
< li class = "chapter " data-level = "8.3" data-path = "../usecases/big-data.html" >
2020-06-19 14:52:56 +08:00
< a href = "../usecases/big-data.html" >
2021-04-06 19:01:23 +08:00
< b > 8.3.< / b >
2020-06-19 14:52:56 +08:00
大数据
< / a >
< ul class = "articles" >
2021-10-30 08:21:32 +08:00
< li class = "chapter " data-level = "8.3.1" data-path = "../usecases/spark-on-kubernetes.html" >
2020-06-19 14:52:56 +08:00
2021-10-30 08:21:32 +08:00
< a href = "../usecases/spark-on-kubernetes.html" >
2020-06-19 14:52:56 +08:00
2021-04-06 19:01:23 +08:00
< b > 8.3.1.< / b >
2020-06-19 14:52:56 +08:00
2021-10-30 08:21:32 +08:00
Spark 与 Kubernetes
< / a >
< ul class = "articles" >
< li class = "chapter " data-level = "8.3.1.1" data-path = "../usecases/spark-standalone-on-kubernetes.html" >
< a href = "../usecases/spark-standalone-on-kubernetes.html" >
< b > 8.3.1.1.< / b >
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Spark standalone on Kubernetes
< / a >
< / li >
2021-10-30 08:21:32 +08:00
< li class = "chapter " data-level = "8.3.1.2" data-path = "../usecases/running-spark-with-kubernetes-native-scheduler.html" >
2020-06-19 14:52:56 +08:00
< a href = "../usecases/running-spark-with-kubernetes-native-scheduler.html" >
2021-10-30 08:21:32 +08:00
< b > 8.3.1.2.< / b >
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运行支持 Kubernetes 原生调度的 Spark 程序
< / a >
< / li >
< / ul >
< / li >
2021-10-30 08:21:32 +08:00
< / ul >
< / li >
2021-04-06 19:01:23 +08:00
< li class = "chapter " data-level = "8.4" data-path = "../usecases/serverless.html" >
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< a href = "../usecases/serverless.html" >
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< b > 8.4.< / b >
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Serverless 架构
< / a >
< ul class = "articles" >
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< li class = "chapter " data-level = "8.4.1" data-path = "../usecases/understanding-serverless.html" >
2020-06-19 14:52:56 +08:00
< a href = "../usecases/understanding-serverless.html" >
2021-04-06 19:01:23 +08:00
< b > 8.4.1.< / b >
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理解 Serverless
< / a >
< / li >
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< li class = "chapter " data-level = "8.4.2" data-path = "../usecases/faas.html" >
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< a href = "../usecases/faas.html" >
2021-04-06 19:01:23 +08:00
< b > 8.4.2.< / b >
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FaaS（ ）
< / a >
< ul class = "articles" >
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< li class = "chapter " data-level = "8.4.2.1" data-path = "../usecases/openfaas-quick-start.html" >
2020-06-19 14:52:56 +08:00
< a href = "../usecases/openfaas-quick-start.html" >
2021-04-06 19:01:23 +08:00
< b > 8.4.2.1.< / b >
2020-06-19 14:52:56 +08:00
OpenFaaS 快速入门指南
< / a >
< / li >
< / ul >
< / li >
2021-04-06 19:01:23 +08:00
< li class = "chapter " data-level = "8.4.3" data-path = "../usecases/knative.html" >
2020-06-19 14:52:56 +08:00
< a href = "../usecases/knative.html" >
2021-04-06 19:01:23 +08:00
< b > 8.4.3.< / b >
2020-06-19 14:52:56 +08:00
Knative
< / a >
< / li >
< / ul >
< / li >
2021-04-06 19:01:23 +08:00
< li class = "chapter " data-level = "8.5" data-path = "../usecases/edge-computing.html" >
2020-06-19 14:52:56 +08:00
< a href = "../usecases/edge-computing.html" >
2021-04-06 19:01:23 +08:00
< b > 8.5.< / b >
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边缘计算
< / a >
< / li >
2021-04-06 19:01:23 +08:00
< li class = "chapter " data-level = "8.6" data-path = "../usecases/ai.html" >
2020-06-19 14:52:56 +08:00
< a href = "../usecases/ai.html" >
2021-04-06 19:01:23 +08:00
< b > 8.6.< / b >
2020-06-19 14:52:56 +08:00
人工智能
< / a >
2021-03-28 16:58:13 +08:00
< / li >
2021-04-06 19:01:23 +08:00
< li class = "chapter " data-level = "8.7" data-path = "../usecases/observability.html" >
2021-03-28 16:58:13 +08:00
< a href = "../usecases/observability.html" >
2021-04-06 19:01:23 +08:00
< b > 8.7.< / b >
2021-03-28 16:58:13 +08:00
可观察性
< / a >
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< / li >
< li class = "header" > 开发指南< / li >
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< li class = "chapter " data-level = "9.1" data-path = "../develop/" >
2020-06-19 14:52:56 +08:00
< a href = "../develop/" >
2021-04-06 19:01:23 +08:00
< b > 9.1.< / b >
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开发指南概览
< / a >
< / li >
2021-04-06 19:01:23 +08:00
< li class = "chapter " data-level = "9.2" data-path = "../develop/sigs-and-working-group.html" >
2020-06-19 14:52:56 +08:00
< a href = "../develop/sigs-and-working-group.html" >
2021-04-06 19:01:23 +08:00
< b > 9.2.< / b >
2020-06-19 14:52:56 +08:00
SIG 和工作组
< / a >
< / li >
2021-04-06 19:01:23 +08:00
< li class = "chapter " data-level = "9.3" data-path = "../develop/developing-environment.html" >
2020-06-19 14:52:56 +08:00
< a href = "../develop/developing-environment.html" >
2021-04-06 19:01:23 +08:00
< b > 9.3.< / b >
2020-06-19 14:52:56 +08:00
开发环境搭建
< / a >
< ul class = "articles" >
2021-04-06 19:01:23 +08:00
< li class = "chapter " data-level = "9.3.1" data-path = "../develop/using-vagrant-and-virtualbox-for-development.html" >
2020-06-19 14:52:56 +08:00
< a href = "../develop/using-vagrant-and-virtualbox-for-development.html" >
2021-04-06 19:01:23 +08:00
< b > 9.3.1.< / b >
2020-06-19 14:52:56 +08:00
本地分布式开发环境搭建（使用 Vagrant 和 Virtualbox）
< / a >
< / li >
< / ul >
< / li >
2021-04-06 19:01:23 +08:00
< li class = "chapter " data-level = "9.4" data-path = "../develop/testing.html" >
2020-06-19 14:52:56 +08:00
< a href = "../develop/testing.html" >
2021-04-06 19:01:23 +08:00
< b > 9.4.< / b >
2020-06-19 14:52:56 +08:00
单元测试和集成测试
< / a >
< / li >
2021-04-06 19:01:23 +08:00
< li class = "chapter " data-level = "9.5" data-path = "../develop/client-go-sample.html" >
2020-06-19 14:52:56 +08:00
< a href = "../develop/client-go-sample.html" >
2021-04-06 19:01:23 +08:00
< b > 9.5.< / b >
2020-06-19 14:52:56 +08:00
client-go 示例
< / a >
2021-07-01 10:02:38 +08:00
< ul class = "articles" >
< li class = "chapter " data-level = "9.5.1" data-path = "../develop/client-go-informer-sourcecode-analyse.html" >
< a href = "../develop/client-go-informer-sourcecode-analyse.html" >
< b > 9.5.1.< / b >
client-go 中的 informer 源码分析
< / a >
< / li >
< / ul >
2020-06-19 14:52:56 +08:00
< / li >
2021-04-06 19:01:23 +08:00
< li class = "chapter " data-level = "9.6" data-path = "../develop/operator.html" >
2020-06-19 14:52:56 +08:00
< a href = "../develop/operator.html" >
2021-04-06 19:01:23 +08:00
< b > 9.6.< / b >
2020-06-19 14:52:56 +08:00
Operator
< / a >
< ul class = "articles" >
2021-04-06 19:01:23 +08:00
< li class = "chapter " data-level = "9.6.1" data-path = "../develop/operator-sdk.html" >
2020-06-19 14:52:56 +08:00
< a href = "../develop/operator-sdk.html" >
2021-04-06 19:01:23 +08:00
< b > 9.6.1.< / b >
2020-06-19 14:52:56 +08:00
operator-sdk
< / a >
< / li >
< / ul >
< / li >
2021-04-06 19:01:23 +08:00
< li class = "chapter " data-level = "9.7" data-path = "../develop/kubebuilder.html" >
2020-06-19 14:52:56 +08:00
< a href = "../develop/kubebuilder.html" >
2021-04-06 19:01:23 +08:00
< b > 9.7.< / b >
2020-06-19 14:52:56 +08:00
kubebuilder
< / a >
< ul class = "articles" >
2021-04-06 19:01:23 +08:00
< li class = "chapter " data-level = "9.7.1" data-path = "../develop/kubebuilder-example.html" >
2020-06-19 14:52:56 +08:00
< a href = "../develop/kubebuilder-example.html" >
2021-04-06 19:01:23 +08:00
< b > 9.7.1.< / b >
2020-06-19 14:52:56 +08:00
使用 kubebuilder 创建 operator 示例
< / a >
< / li >
< / ul >
< / li >
2021-04-06 19:01:23 +08:00
< li class = "chapter " data-level = "9.8" data-path = "../develop/advance-developer.html" >
2020-06-19 14:52:56 +08:00
< a href = "../develop/advance-developer.html" >
2021-04-06 19:01:23 +08:00
< b > 9.8.< / b >
2020-06-19 14:52:56 +08:00
高级开发指南
< / a >
< / li >
2021-04-06 19:01:23 +08:00
< li class = "chapter " data-level = "9.9" data-path = "../develop/contribute.html" >
2020-06-19 14:52:56 +08:00
< a href = "../develop/contribute.html" >
2021-04-06 19:01:23 +08:00
< b > 9.9.< / b >
2020-06-19 14:52:56 +08:00
社区贡献
< / a >
< / li >
2021-04-06 19:01:23 +08:00
< li class = "chapter " data-level = "9.10" data-path = "../develop/minikube.html" >
2020-06-19 14:52:56 +08:00
< a href = "../develop/minikube.html" >
2021-04-06 19:01:23 +08:00
< b > 9.10.< / b >
2020-06-19 14:52:56 +08:00
Minikube
< / a >
< / li >
2021-03-28 16:58:13 +08:00
< li class = "header" > 社区及生态< / li >
2020-06-19 14:52:56 +08:00
2021-04-06 19:01:23 +08:00
< li class = "chapter " data-level = "10.1" data-path = "../cloud-native/cncf.html" >
2020-06-19 14:52:56 +08:00
< a href = "../cloud-native/cncf.html" >
2021-04-06 19:01:23 +08:00
< b > 10.1.< / b >
2020-06-19 14:52:56 +08:00
2021-03-28 16:58:13 +08:00
云原生计算基金会（ ）
2020-06-19 14:52:56 +08:00
< / a >
2021-03-28 16:58:13 +08:00
< ul class = "articles" >
2020-06-19 14:52:56 +08:00
2021-04-06 19:01:23 +08:00
< li class = "chapter " data-level = "10.1.1" data-path = "../cloud-native/cncf-charter.html" >
2020-06-19 14:52:56 +08:00
< a href = "../cloud-native/cncf-charter.html" >
2021-04-06 19:01:23 +08:00
< b > 10.1.1.< / b >
2020-06-19 14:52:56 +08:00
CNCF 章程
< / a >
< / li >
2021-04-06 19:01:23 +08:00
< li class = "chapter " data-level = "10.1.2" data-path = "../cloud-native/cncf-sig.html" >
2020-06-19 14:52:56 +08:00
< a href = "../cloud-native/cncf-sig.html" >
2021-04-06 19:01:23 +08:00
< b > 10.1.2.< / b >
2020-06-19 14:52:56 +08:00
CNCF 特别兴趣小组（ ）
< / a >
< / li >
2021-04-06 19:01:23 +08:00
< li class = "chapter " data-level = "10.1.3" data-path = "../cloud-native/cncf-sandbox-criteria.html" >
2020-06-19 14:52:56 +08:00
< a href = "../cloud-native/cncf-sandbox-criteria.html" >
2021-04-06 19:01:23 +08:00
< b > 10.1.3.< / b >
2020-06-19 14:52:56 +08:00
开源项目加入 CNCF Sandbox 的要求
< / a >
< / li >
2021-04-06 19:01:23 +08:00
< li class = "chapter " data-level = "10.1.4" data-path = "../cloud-native/cncf-project-governing.html" >
2020-06-19 14:52:56 +08:00
< a href = "../cloud-native/cncf-project-governing.html" >
2021-04-06 19:01:23 +08:00
< b > 10.1.4.< / b >
2020-06-19 14:52:56 +08:00
CNCF 中的项目治理
< / a >
< / li >
2021-04-06 19:01:23 +08:00
< li class = "chapter " data-level = "10.1.5" data-path = "../cloud-native/cncf-ambassador.html" >
2020-06-19 14:52:56 +08:00
< a href = "../cloud-native/cncf-ambassador.html" >
2021-04-06 19:01:23 +08:00
< b > 10.1.5.< / b >
2020-06-19 14:52:56 +08:00
CNCF Ambassador
< / a >
2021-03-28 16:58:13 +08:00
< / li >
< / ul >
< / li >
2021-11-09 17:32:02 +08:00
< li class = "chapter " data-level = "10.2" data-path = "../cloud-native/certification.html" >
2021-03-28 18:50:16 +08:00
< a href = "../cloud-native/certification.html" >
2021-11-09 17:32:02 +08:00
< b > 10.2.< / b >
2021-03-28 18:50:16 +08:00
认证及培训
< / a >
< ul class = "articles" >
2021-11-09 17:32:02 +08:00
< li class = "chapter " data-level = "10.2.1" data-path = "../appendix/about-kcsp.html" >
2021-03-28 18:50:16 +08:00
< a href = "../appendix/about-kcsp.html" >
2021-11-09 17:32:02 +08:00
< b > 10.2.1.< / b >
2021-03-28 18:50:16 +08:00
认证 Kubernetes 服务提供商（ ）
< / a >
< / li >
2021-11-09 17:32:02 +08:00
< li class = "chapter " data-level = "10.2.2" data-path = "../appendix/about-cka-candidate.html" >
2021-03-28 18:50:16 +08:00
< a href = "../appendix/about-cka-candidate.html" >
2021-11-09 17:32:02 +08:00
< b > 10.2.2.< / b >
2021-03-28 18:50:16 +08:00
认证 Kubernetes 管理员（ ）
< / a >
< / li >
< / ul >
< / li >
2020-06-19 14:52:56 +08:00
< li class = "header" > 附录< / li >
2021-04-06 19:01:23 +08:00
< li class = "chapter " data-level = "11.1" data-path = "../appendix/" >
2020-06-19 14:52:56 +08:00
< a href = "../appendix/" >
2021-04-06 19:01:23 +08:00
< b > 11.1.< / b >
2020-06-19 14:52:56 +08:00
附录说明
< / a >
< / li >
2021-04-06 19:01:23 +08:00
< li class = "chapter " data-level = "11.2" data-path = "../appendix/debug-kubernetes-services.html" >
2020-06-19 14:52:56 +08:00
< a href = "../appendix/debug-kubernetes-services.html" >
2021-04-06 19:01:23 +08:00
< b > 11.2.< / b >
2020-06-19 14:52:56 +08:00
Kubernetes 中的应用故障排查
< / a >
< / li >
2021-04-06 19:01:23 +08:00
< li class = "chapter " data-level = "11.3" data-path = "../appendix/material-share.html" >
2020-06-19 14:52:56 +08:00
< a href = "../appendix/material-share.html" >
2021-04-06 19:01:23 +08:00
< b > 11.3.< / b >
2020-06-19 14:52:56 +08:00
2022-02-08 16:44:08 +08:00
Kubernetes 参考资源
2020-06-19 14:52:56 +08:00
< / a >
< / li >
2022-02-08 16:44:08 +08:00
< li class = "chapter " data-level = "11.4" data-path = "../appendix/tricks.html" >
2020-06-19 14:52:56 +08:00
< a href = "../appendix/tricks.html" >
2022-02-08 16:44:08 +08:00
< b > 11.4.< / b >
2020-06-19 14:52:56 +08:00
2021-10-20 17:17:43 +08:00
Kubernetes 使用技巧
2020-06-19 14:52:56 +08:00
< / a >
< / li >
2022-02-08 16:44:08 +08:00
< li class = "chapter " data-level = "11.5" data-path = "../appendix/issues.html" >
2020-06-19 14:52:56 +08:00
< a href = "../appendix/issues.html" >
2022-02-08 16:44:08 +08:00
< b > 11.5.< / b >
2020-06-19 14:52:56 +08:00
2021-10-20 17:17:43 +08:00
Kubernetes 相关问题记录
2020-06-19 14:52:56 +08:00
< / a >
< / li >
2022-02-08 16:44:08 +08:00
< li class = "chapter " data-level = "11.6" data-path = "../appendix/summary-and-outlook.html" >
2020-06-19 14:52:56 +08:00
< a href = "../appendix/summary-and-outlook.html" >
2022-02-08 16:44:08 +08:00
< b > 11.6.< / b >
2020-06-19 14:52:56 +08:00
Kubernetes 及云原生年度总结及展望
< / a >
< ul class = "articles" >
2022-02-08 16:44:08 +08:00
< li class = "chapter " data-level = "11.6.1" data-path = "../appendix/kubernetes-and-cloud-native-summary-in-2017-and-outlook-for-2018.html" >
2020-06-19 14:52:56 +08:00
< a href = "../appendix/kubernetes-and-cloud-native-summary-in-2017-and-outlook-for-2018.html" >
2022-02-08 16:44:08 +08:00
< b > 11.6.1.< / b >
2020-06-19 14:52:56 +08:00
Kubernetes 与云原生 2017 年年终总结及 2018 年展望
< / a >
< / li >
2022-02-08 16:44:08 +08:00
< li class = "chapter " data-level = "11.6.2" data-path = "../appendix/kubernetes-and-cloud-native-summary-in-2018-and-outlook-for-2019.html" >
2020-06-19 14:52:56 +08:00
< a href = "../appendix/kubernetes-and-cloud-native-summary-in-2018-and-outlook-for-2019.html" >
2022-02-08 16:44:08 +08:00
< b > 11.6.2.< / b >
2020-06-19 14:52:56 +08:00
Kubernetes 与云原生 2018 年年终总结及 2019 年展望
< / a >
< / li >
< / ul >
< / li >
2022-02-08 16:44:08 +08:00
< li class = "chapter " data-level = "11.7" data-path = "../appendix/cncf-annual-report.html" >
2020-06-19 14:52:56 +08:00
< a href = "../appendix/cncf-annual-report.html" >
2022-02-08 16:44:08 +08:00
< b > 11.7.< / b >
2020-06-19 14:52:56 +08:00
CNCF 年度报告解读
< / a >
< ul class = "articles" >
2022-02-08 16:44:08 +08:00
< li class = "chapter " data-level = "11.7.1" data-path = "../appendix/cncf-annual-report-2018.html" >
2020-06-19 14:52:56 +08:00
< a href = "../appendix/cncf-annual-report-2018.html" >
2022-02-08 16:44:08 +08:00
< b > 11.7.1.< / b >
2020-06-19 14:52:56 +08:00
CNCF 2018 年年度报告解读
< / a >
2021-01-09 21:48:01 +08:00
< / li >
2022-02-08 16:44:08 +08:00
< li class = "chapter " data-level = "11.7.2" data-path = "../appendix/cncf-annual-report-2020.html" >
2021-01-09 21:48:01 +08:00
< a href = "../appendix/cncf-annual-report-2020.html" >
2022-02-08 16:44:08 +08:00
< b > 11.7.2.< / b >
2021-01-09 21:48:01 +08:00
CNCF 2020 年年度报告解读
< / a >
2020-06-19 14:52:56 +08:00
< / li >
< / ul >
< / li >
2022-04-20 16:02:20 +08:00
< li class = "chapter " data-level = "11.8" data-path = "../GLOSSARY.html" >
< a href = "../GLOSSARY.html" >
< b > 11.8.< / b >
术语表
< / a >
< / li >
2020-06-19 14:52:56 +08:00
< li class = "divider" > < / li >
< li >
< a href = "https://www.gitbook.com" target = "blank" class = "gitbook-link" >
本书使用 GitBook 发布
< / a >
< / li >
< / ul >
< / nav >
< / div >
< div class = "book-body" >
< div class = "body-inner" >
< div class = "book-header" role = "navigation" >
<!-- Title -->
< h1 >
< i class = "fa fa-circle-o-notch fa-spin" > < / i >
< a href = ".." > Horizontal Pod Autoscaling< / a >
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< div class = "page-wrapper" tabindex = "-1" role = "main" >
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< h1 id = "horizontal-pod-autoscaling" > Horizontal Pod Autoscaling< / h1 >
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< p > 应 用 的 资 源 使 用 率 通 常 都 有 高 峰 和 低 谷 的 时 候 ， 如 何 削 峰 填 谷 ， 提 高 集 群 的 整 体 资 源 利 用 率 ， 让 service 中 的 Pod 个 数 自 动 调 整 呢 ？ 这 就 有 赖 于 Horizontal Pod Autoscaling 了 ， 顾 名 思 义 ， 使 Pod 水 平 自 动 缩 放 。 这 个 Object（ 跟 Pod、 Deployment 一 样 都 是 API resource） 也 是 最 能 体 现 kubernetes 之 于 传 统 运 维 价 值 的 地 方 ， 不 再 需 要 手 动 扩 容 了 ， 终 于 实 现 自 动 化 了 ， 还 可 以 自 定 义 指 标 ， 没 准 未 来 还 可 以 通 过 人 工 智 能 自 动 进 化 呢 ！ < / p >
< p > HPA 属 于 Kubernetes 中 的 < strong > autoscaling< / strong > SIG（ Special Interest Group） ， 其 下 有 两 个 feature： < / p >
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< ul >
< li > < a href = "https://github.com/kubernetes/features/issues/117" target = "_blank" > Arbitrary/Custom Metrics in the Horizontal Pod Autoscaler#117< / a > < / li >
< li > < a href = "https://github.com/kubernetes/features/issues/118" target = "_blank" > Monitoring Pipeline Metrics HPA API #118< / a > < / li >
< / ul >
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< p > Kubernetes 自 1.2 版 本 引 入 HPA 机 制 ， 到 1.6 版 本 之 前 一 直 是 通 过 kubelet 来 获 取 监 控 指 标 来 判 断 是 否 需 要 扩 缩 容 ， 1.6 版 本 之 后 必 须 通 过 API server、 Heapseter 或 者 kube-aggregator 来 获 取 监 控 指 标 。 < / p >
< p > 对 于 1.6 以 前 版 本 中 开 启 自 定 义 HPA 请 参 考 < a href = "https://medium.com/@marko.luksa/kubernetes-autoscaling-based-on-custom-metrics-without-using-a-host-port-b783ed6241ac" target = "_blank" > Kubernetes autoscaling based on custom metrics without using a host port< / a > 。 < / p >
< h2 id = "hpa-解析" > HPA 解 析 < / h2 >
< p > Horizontal Pod Autoscaling 仅 适 用 于 Deployment 和 ReplicaSet， 在 v1 版 本 中 仅 支 持 根 据 Pod 的 CPU 利 用 率 扩 缩 容 ， 在 v1alpha 版 本 中 ， 支 持 根 据 内 存 和 用 户 自 定 义 的 metric 扩 缩 容 。 < / p >
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< p > 如 果 你 不 想 看 下 面 的 文 章 可 以 直 接 看 下 面 的 示 例 图 ， 组 件 交 互 、 组 件 的 配 置 、 命 令 示 例 ， 都 画 在 图 上 了 。 < / p >
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< p > Horizontal Pod Autoscaling 由 API server 和 controller 共 同 实 现 。 < / p >
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< figure id = "fig4.4.7.1" > < a href = "../images/horizontal-pod-autoscaler.png" data-lightbox = "85893f18-2993-4e7d-a8b0-c14d79447657" data-title = "horizontal-pod-autoscaler" > < img src = "../images/horizontal-pod-autoscaler.png" alt = "horizontal-pod-autoscaler" > < / a > < figcaption > 图 4.4.7.1： horizontal-pod-autoscaler< / figcaption > < / figure >
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< h2 id = "metrics-支持" > Metrics 支 持 < / h2 >
< p > 在 不 同 版 本 的 API 中 ， HPA autoscale 时 可 以 根 据 以 下 指 标 来 判 断 ： < / p >
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< ul >
< li > autoscaling/v1< ul >
< li > CPU< / li >
< / ul >
< / li >
< li > autoscaling/v1alpha1< ul >
< li > 内 存 < / li >
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< li > 自 定 义 metrics< ul >
< li > kubernetes1.6 起 支 持 自 定 义 metrics， 但 是 必 须 在 kube-controller-manager 中 配 置 如 下 两 项 ： < ul >
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< li > < code > --horizontal-pod-autoscaler-use-rest-clients=true< / code > < / li >
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< li > < code > --api-server< / code > 指 向 < a href = "https://github.com/kubernetes/kube-aggregator" target = "_blank" > kube-aggregator< / a > ， 也 可 以 使 用 heapster 来 实 现 ， 通 过 在 启 动 heapster 的 时 候 指 定 < code > --api-server=true< / code > 。 查 看 < a href = "https://github.com/kubernetes/metrics" target = "_blank" > kubernetes metrics< / a > < / li >
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< / ul >
< / li >
< / ul >
< / li >
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< li > 多 种 metrics 组 合 < ul >
< li > HPA 会 根 据 每 个 metric 的 值 计 算 出 scale 的 值 ， 并 将 最 大 的 那 个 值 作 为 扩 容 的 最 终 结 果 。 < / li >
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< / ul >
< / li >
< / ul >
< / li >
< / ul >
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< h2 id = "使用-kubectl-管理" > 使 用 kubectl 管 理 < / h2 >
< p > Horizontal Pod Autoscaling 作 为 API resource 也 可 以 像 Pod、 Deployment 一 样 使 用 kubeclt 命 令 管 理 ， 使 用 方 法 跟 它 们 一 样 ， 资 源 名 称 为 < code > hpa< / code > 。 < / p >
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< pre class = "language-" > < code class = "lang-bash" > kubectl create hpa
kubectl get hpa
kubectl describe hpa
kubectl delete hpa
< / code > < / pre >
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< p > 有 一 点 不 同 的 是 ， 可 以 直 接 使 用 < code > kubectl autoscale< / code > 直 接 通 过 命 令 行 的 方 式 创 建 Horizontal Pod Autoscaler。 < / p >
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< p > 用 法 如 下 ： < / p >
< pre class = "language-" > < code class = "lang-bash" > kubectl autoscale < span class = "token punctuation" > (< / span > -f FILENAME < span class = "token operator" > |< / span > TYPE NAME < span class = "token operator" > |< / span > TYPE/NAME< span class = "token punctuation" > )< / span > < span class = "token punctuation" > [< / span > --min< span class = "token operator" > =< / span > MINPODS< span class = "token punctuation" > ]< / span > --max< span class = "token operator" > =< / span > MAXPODS
< span class = "token punctuation" > [< / span > --cpu-percent< span class = "token operator" > =< / span > CPU< span class = "token punctuation" > ]< / span > < span class = "token punctuation" > [< / span > flags< span class = "token punctuation" > ]< / span > < span class = "token punctuation" > [< / span > options< span class = "token punctuation" > ]< / span >
< / code > < / pre >
< p > 举 个 例 子 ： < / p >
< pre class = "language-" > < code class = "lang-bash" > kubectl autoscale deployment foo --min< span class = "token operator" > =< / span > < span class = "token number" > 2< / span > --max< span class = "token operator" > =< / span > < span class = "token number" > 5< / span > --cpu-percent< span class = "token operator" > =< / span > < span class = "token number" > 80< / span >
< / code > < / pre >
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< p > 为 Deployment foo 创 建 一 个 autoscaler， 当 Pod 的 CPU 利 用 率 达 到 80% 的 时 候 ， RC 的 replica 数 在 2 到 5 之 间 。 < / p >
< p > < strong > 注 意 < / strong > ： 如 果 为 ReplicaSet 创 建 HPA 的 话 ， 无 法 使 用 rolling update， 但 是 对 于 Deployment 来 说 是 可 以 的 ， 因 为 Deployment 在 执 行 rolling update 的 时 候 会 自 动 创 建 新 的 ReplicationController。 < / p >
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< h2 id = "什么是-horizontal-pod-autoscaling？" > 什 么 是 Horizontal Pod Autoscaling？ < / h2 >
< p > 利 用 Horizontal Pod Autoscaling， kubernetes 能 够 根 据 监 测 到 的 CPU 利 用 率 （ 或 者 在 alpha 版 本 中 支 持 的 应 用 提 供 的 metric） 自 动 的 扩 容 replication controller， deployment 和 replica set。 < / p >
< p > Horizontal Pod Autoscaler 作 为 kubernetes API resource 和 controller 的 实 现 。 Resource 确 定 controller 的 行 为 。 Controller 会 根 据 监 测 到 用 户 指 定 的 目 标 的 CPU 利 用 率 周 期 性 得 调 整 replication controller 或 deployment 的 replica 数 量 。 < / p >
< h2 id = "horizontal-pod-autoscaler-如何工作？" > Horizontal Pod Autoscaler 如 何 工 作 ？ < / h2 >
< p > Horizontal Pod Autoscaler 由 一 个 控 制 循 环 实 现 ， 循 环 周 期 由 controller manager 中 的 < code > --horizontal-pod-autoscaler-sync-period< / code > 标 志 指 定 （ 默 认 是 30 秒 ） 。 < / p >
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< p > 在 每 个 周 期 内 ， controller manager 会 查 询 HorizontalPodAutoscaler 中 定 义 的 metric 的 资 源 利 用 率 。 Controller manager 从 resource metric API（ 每 个 pod 的 resource metric） 或 者 自 定 义 metric API（ 所 有 的 metric） 中 获 取 metric。 < / p >
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< ul >
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< li > 每 个 Pod 的 resource metric（ 例 如 CPU） ， controller 通 过 resource metric API 获 取 HorizontalPodAutoscaler 中 定 义 的 每 个 Pod 中 的 metric。 然 后 ， 如 果 设 置 了 目 标 利 用 率 ， controller 计 算 利 用 的 值 与 每 个 Pod 的 容 器 里 的 resource request 值 的 百 分 比 。 如 果 设 置 了 目 标 原 始 值 ， 将 直 接 使 用 该 原 始 metric 值 。 然 后 controller 计 算 所 有 目 标 Pod 的 利 用 率 或 原 始 值 （ 取 决 于 所 指 定 的 目 标 类 型 ） 的 平 均 值 ， 产 生 一 个 用 于 缩 放 所 需 replica 数 量 的 比 率 。 请 注 意 ， 如 果 某 些 Pod 的 容 器 没 有 设 置 相 关 的 resource request ， 则 不 会 定 义 Pod 的 CPU 利 用 率 ， 并 且 Aucoscaler 也 不 会 对 该 metric 采 取 任 何 操 作 。 < / li >
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< li > 对 于 每 个 Pod 自 定 义 的 metric， controller 功 能 类 似 于 每 个 Pod 的 resource metric， 只 是 它 使 用 原 始 值 而 不 是 利 用 率 值 。 < / li >
< li > 对 于 object metric， 获 取 单 个 度 量 （ 描 述 有 问 题 的 对 象 ） ， 并 与 目 标 值 进 行 比 较 ， 以 产 生 如 上 所 述 的 比 率 。 < / li >
< / ul >
< p > HorizontalPodAutoscaler 控 制 器 可 以 以 两 种 不 同 的 方 式 获 取 metric ： 直 接 的 Heapster 访 问 和 REST 客 户 端 访 问 。 < / p >
< p > 当 使 用 直 接 的 Heapster 访 问 时 ， HorizontalPodAutoscaler 直 接 通 过 API 服 务 器 的 服 务 代 理 子 资 源 查 询 Heapster。 需 要 在 集 群 上 部 署 Heapster 并 在 kube-system namespace 中 运 行 。 < / p >
< p > Autoscaler 访 问 相 应 的 replication controller， deployment 或 replica set 来 缩 放 子 资 源 。 < / p >
< p > Scale 是 一 个 允 许 您 动 态 设 置 副 本 数 并 检 查 其 当 前 状 态 的 接 口 。 < / p >
< h2 id = "api-object" > API Object< / h2 >
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< p > Horizontal Pod Autoscaler 是 kubernetes 的 < code > autoscaling< / code > API 组 中 的 API 资 源 。 当 前 的 稳 定 版 本 中 ， 只 支 持 CPU 自 动 扩 缩 容 ， 可 以 在 < code > autoscaling/v1< / code > API 版 本 中 找 到 。 < / p >
< p > 在 alpha 版 本 中 支 持 根 据 内 存 和 自 定 义 metric 扩 缩 容 ， 可 以 在 < code > autoscaling/v2alpha1< / code > 中 找 到 。 < code > autoscaling/v2alpha1< / code > 中 引 入 的 新 字 段 在 < code > autoscaling/v1< / code > 中 是 做 为 annotation 而 保 存 的 。 < / p >
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< h2 id = "在-kubectl-中支持-horizontal-pod-autoscaling" > 在 kubectl 中 支 持 Horizontal Pod Autoscaling< / h2 >
< p > Horizontal Pod Autoscaler 和 其 他 的 所 有 API 资 源 一 样 ， 通 过 < code > kubectl< / code > 以 标 准 的 方 式 支 持 。 < / p >
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< p > 我 们 可 以 使 用 < code > kubectl create< / code > 命 令 创 建 一 个 新 的 autoscaler。 < / p >
< p > 我 们 可 以 使 用 < code > kubectl get hpa< / code > 列 出 所 有 的 autoscaler， 使 用 < code > kubectl describe hpa< / code > 获 取 其 详 细 信 息 。 < / p >
< p > 最 后 我 们 可 以 使 用 < code > kubectl delete hpa< / code > 删 除 autoscaler。 < / p >
< p > 另 外 ， 可 以 使 用 < code > kubectl autoscale< / code > 命 令 ， 很 轻 易 的 就 可 以 创 建 一 个 Horizontal Pod Autoscaler。 < / p >
< p > 例 如 ， 执 行 < code > kubectl autoscale rc foo — min=2 — max=5 — cpu-percent=80< / code > 命 令 将 为 replication controller < em > foo< / em > 创 建 一 个 autoscaler， 目 标 的 CPU 利 用 率 是 < code > 80%< / code > ， replica 的 数 量 介 于 2 和 5 之 间 。 < / p >
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< h2 id = "滚动更新期间的自动扩缩容" > 滚 动 更 新 期 间 的 自 动 扩 缩 容 < / h2 >
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< p > 目 前 在 Kubernetes 中 ， 可 以 通 过 直 接 管 理 replication controller 或 使 用 deployment 对 象 来 执 行 滚 动 更 新 ， 该 deployment 对 象 为 您 管 理 基 础 replication controller。 < / p >
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< p > Horizontal Pod Autoscaler 仅 支 持 后 一 种 方 法 ： Horizontal Pod Autoscaler 被 绑 定 到 deployment 对 象 ， 它 设 置 deployment 对 象 的 大 小 ， deployment 负 责 设 置 底 层 replication controller 的 大 小 。 < / p >
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< p > Horizontal Pod Autoscaler 不 能 使 用 直 接 操 作 replication controller 进 行 滚 动 更 新 ， 即 不 能 将 Horizontal Pod Autoscaler 绑 定 到 replication controller， 并 进 行 滚 动 更 新 （ 例 如 使 用 < code > kubectl rolling-update< / code > ） 。 < / p >
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< p > 这 不 行 的 原 因 是 ， 当 滚 动 更 新 创 建 一 个 新 的 replication controller 时 ， Horizontal Pod Autoscaler 将 不 会 绑 定 到 新 的 replication controller 上 。 < / p >
< h2 id = "支持多个-metric" > 支 持 多 个 metric< / h2 >
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< p > Kubernetes 1.6 中 增 加 了 支 持 基 于 多 个 metric 的 扩 缩 容 。 您 可 以 使 用 < code > autoscaling/v2alpha1< / code > API 版 本 来 为 Horizontal Pod Autoscaler 指 定 多 个 metric。 然 后 Horizontal Pod Autoscaler controller 将 权 衡 每 一 个 metric， 并 根 据 该 metric 提 议 一 个 新 的 scale。 在 所 有 提 议 里 最 大 的 那 个 scale 将 作 为 最 终 的 scale。 < / p >
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< h2 id = "支持自定义-metric" > 支 持 自 定 义 metric< / h2 >
< p > < strong > 注 意 ： < / strong > Kubernetes 1.2 根 据 特 定 于 应 用 程 序 的 metric ， 通 过 使 用 特 殊 注 释 的 方 式 ， 增 加 了 对 缩 放 的 alpha 支 持 。 < / p >
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< p > 在 Kubernetes 1.6 中 删 除 了 对 这 些 注 释 的 支 持 ， 有 利 于 < code > autoscaling/v2alpha1< / code > API。 虽 然 旧 的 收 集 自 定 义 metric 的 旧 方 法 仍 然 可 用 ， 但 是 这 些 metric 将 不 可 供 Horizontal Pod Autoscaler 使 用 ， 并 且 用 于 指 定 要 缩 放 的 自 定 义 metric 的 以 前 的 注 释 也 不 在 受 Horizontal Pod Autoscaler 认 可 。 < / p >
< p > Kubernetes 1.6 增 加 了 在 Horizontal Pod Autoscale r 中 使 用 自 定 义 metric 的 支 持 。 < / p >
< p > 您 可 以 为 < code > autoscaling/v2alpha1< / code > API 中 使 用 的 Horizontal Pod Autoscaler 添 加 自 定 义 metric 。 < / p >
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< p > Kubernetes 然 后 查 询 新 的 自 定 义 metric API 来 获 取 相 应 自 定 义 metric 的 值 。 < / p >
< h2 id = "前提条件" > 前 提 条 件 < / h2 >
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< p > 为 了 在 Horizontal Pod Autoscaler 中 使 用 自 定 义 metric， 您 必 须 在 您 集 群 的 controller manager 中 将 < code > --horizontal-pod-autoscaler-use-rest-clients< / code > 标 志 设 置 为 true。 然 后 ， 您 必 须 通 过 将 controller manager 的 目 标 API server 设 置 为 API server aggregator（ 使 用 < code > --apiserver< / code > 标 志 ） ， 配 置 您 的 controller manager 通 过 API server aggregator 与 API server 通 信 。 Resource metric API 和 自 定 义 metric API 也 必 须 向 API server aggregator 注 册 ， 并 且 必 须 由 集 群 上 运 行 的 API server 提 供 。 < / p >
< p > 您 可 以 使 用 Heapster 实 现 resource metric API， 方 法 是 将 < code > --api-server< / code > 标 志 设 置 为 true 并 运 行 Heapster。 单 独 的 组 件 必 须 提 供 自 定 义 metric API（ 有 关 自 定 义 metric API 的 更 多 信 息 ， 可 从 < a href = "https://github.com/kubernetes/metrics" target = "_blank" > k8s.io/metrics repository< / a > 获 得 ） 。 < / p >
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< h2 id = "参考" > 参 考 < / h2 >
< ul >
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< li > < a href = "https://kubernetes.io/docs/tasks/run-application/horizontal-pod-autoscale/" target = "_blank" > HPA 说 明 - kubernetes.io< / a > < / li >
< li > < a href = "https://kubernetes.io/docs/tasks/run-application/horizontal-pod-autoscale-walkthrough/" target = "_blank" > HPA 详 解 - kubernetes.io< / a > < / li >
< li > < a href = "https://github.com/kubernetes/metrics" target = "_blank" > 自 定 义 metrics 开 发 - github.com< / a > < / li >
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< / ul >
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