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<title>云原生编程语言 Ballerina · Kubernetes Handbook - Kubernetes 中文指南/云原生应用架构实践手册 · Jimmy Song</title>
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<a href="https://jimmysong.io" target="_blank" class="custom-link">回到主页</a>
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</li>
<li>
<a href="https://jimmysong.io/awesome-cloud-native" target="_blank" class="custom-link">云原生开源项目大全</a>
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<li>
<a href="https://cloudnative.to" target="_blank" class="custom-link">云原生社区</a>
</li>
<li class="divider"></li>
<li class="header">前言</li>
<li class="chapter " data-level="1.1" data-path="../">
<a href="../">
<b>1.1.</b>
序言
</a>
</li>
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<li class="header">云原生</li>
<li class="chapter " data-level="2.1" data-path="cloud-native-definition.html">
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<a href="cloud-native-definition.html">
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<b>2.1.</b>
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云原生Cloud Native的定义
</a>
</li>
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<li class="chapter " data-level="2.2" data-path="cloud-native-philosophy.html">
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<a href="cloud-native-philosophy.html">
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<b>2.2.</b>
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云原生的设计哲学
</a>
</li>
<li class="chapter " data-level="2.3" data-path="kubernetes-history.html">
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<a href="kubernetes-history.html">
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<b>2.3.</b>
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Kubernetes 的诞生
</a>
</li>
<li class="chapter " data-level="2.4" data-path="kubernetes-and-cloud-native-app-overview.html">
<a href="kubernetes-and-cloud-native-app-overview.html">
<b>2.4.</b>
Kubernetes 与云原生应用概览
</a>
</li>
<li class="chapter " data-level="2.5" data-path="from-kubernetes-to-cloud-native.html">
<a href="from-kubernetes-to-cloud-native.html">
<b>2.5.</b>
云原生应用之路 —— 从 Kubernetes 到 Cloud Native
</a>
</li>
<li class="chapter " data-level="2.6" data-path="define-cloud-native-app.html">
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<a href="define-cloud-native-app.html">
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<b>2.6.</b>
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定义云原生应用
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</a>
<ul class="articles">
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<li class="chapter " data-level="2.6.1" data-path="oam.html">
<a href="oam.html">
<b>2.6.1.</b>
OAM
</a>
<ul class="articles">
<li class="chapter " data-level="2.6.1.1" data-path="workload.html">
<a href="workload.html">
<b>2.6.1.1.</b>
Workload
</a>
</li>
<li class="chapter " data-level="2.6.1.2" data-path="component.html">
<a href="component.html">
<b>2.6.1.2.</b>
Component
</a>
</li>
<li class="chapter " data-level="2.6.1.3" data-path="trait.html">
<a href="trait.html">
<b>2.6.1.3.</b>
Trait
</a>
</li>
<li class="chapter " data-level="2.6.1.4" data-path="application-scope.html">
<a href="application-scope.html">
<b>2.6.1.4.</b>
Application Scope
</a>
</li>
<li class="chapter " data-level="2.6.1.5" data-path="application-configuration.html">
<a href="application-configuration.html">
<b>2.6.1.5.</b>
Application Configuration
</a>
</li>
</ul>
</li>
<li class="chapter " data-level="2.6.2" data-path="crossplane.html">
<a href="crossplane.html">
<b>2.6.2.</b>
Crossplane
</a>
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</li>
</ul>
</li>
<li class="chapter " data-level="2.7" data-path="cloud-native-programming-languages.html">
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<a href="cloud-native-programming-languages.html">
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<b>2.7.</b>
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云原生编程语言
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</a>
<ul class="articles">
<li class="chapter active" data-level="2.7.1" data-path="cloud-native-programming-language-ballerina.html">
<a href="cloud-native-programming-language-ballerina.html">
<b>2.7.1.</b>
云原生编程语言 Ballerina
</a>
</li>
<li class="chapter " data-level="2.7.2" data-path="cloud-native-programming-language-pulumi.html">
<a href="cloud-native-programming-language-pulumi.html">
<b>2.7.2.</b>
云原生编程语言 Pulumi
</a>
</li>
</ul>
</li>
<li class="chapter " data-level="2.8" data-path="the-future-of-cloud-native.html">
<a href="the-future-of-cloud-native.html">
<b>2.8.</b>
云原生的未来
</a>
</li>
<li class="header">快速入门</li>
<li class="chapter " data-level="3.1" data-path="quick-start.html">
<a href="quick-start.html">
<b>3.1.</b>
云原生新手入门指南
</a>
</li>
<li class="chapter " data-level="3.2" data-path="play-with-kubernetes.html">
<a href="play-with-kubernetes.html">
<b>3.2.</b>
Play with Kubernetes
</a>
</li>
<li class="chapter " data-level="3.3" data-path="cloud-native-local-quick-start.html">
<a href="cloud-native-local-quick-start.html">
<b>3.3.</b>
快速部署一个云原生本地实验环境
</a>
</li>
<li class="chapter " data-level="3.4" data-path="setup-kubernetes-with-rancher-and-aliyun.html">
<a href="setup-kubernetes-with-rancher-and-aliyun.html">
<b>3.4.</b>
使用 Rancher 在阿里云上部署 Kubenretes 集群
</a>
</li>
<li class="header">概念与原理</li>
<li class="chapter " data-level="4.1" data-path="../concepts/">
<a href="../concepts/">
<b>4.1.</b>
Kubernetes 架构
</a>
<ul class="articles">
<li class="chapter " data-level="4.1.1" data-path="../concepts/concepts.html">
<a href="../concepts/concepts.html">
<b>4.1.1.</b>
设计理念
</a>
</li>
<li class="chapter " data-level="4.1.2" data-path="../concepts/etcd.html">
<a href="../concepts/etcd.html">
<b>4.1.2.</b>
Etcd 解析
</a>
</li>
<li class="chapter " data-level="4.1.3" data-path="../concepts/open-interfaces.html">
<a href="../concepts/open-interfaces.html">
<b>4.1.3.</b>
开放接口
</a>
<ul class="articles">
<li class="chapter " data-level="4.1.3.1" data-path="../concepts/cri.html">
<a href="../concepts/cri.html">
<b>4.1.3.1.</b>
CRI - Container Runtime Interface容器运行时接口
</a>
</li>
<li class="chapter " data-level="4.1.3.2" data-path="../concepts/cni.html">
<a href="../concepts/cni.html">
<b>4.1.3.2.</b>
CNI - Container Network Interface容器网络接口
</a>
</li>
<li class="chapter " data-level="4.1.3.3" data-path="../concepts/csi.html">
<a href="../concepts/csi.html">
<b>4.1.3.3.</b>
CSI - Container Storage Interface容器存储接口
</a>
</li>
</ul>
</li>
</ul>
</li>
<li class="chapter " data-level="4.2" data-path="../concepts/networking.html">
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<a href="../concepts/networking.html">
<b>4.2.</b>
Kubernetes 中的网络
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</a>
<ul class="articles">
<li class="chapter " data-level="4.2.1" data-path="../concepts/flannel.html">
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<a href="../concepts/flannel.html">
<b>4.2.1.</b>
Kubernetes 中的网络解析 —— 以 flannel 为例
</a>
</li>
<li class="chapter " data-level="4.2.2" data-path="../concepts/calico.html">
<a href="../concepts/calico.html">
<b>4.2.2.</b>
Kubernetes 中的网络解析 —— 以 calico 为例
</a>
</li>
<li class="chapter " data-level="4.2.3" data-path="../concepts/cilium.html">
<a href="../concepts/cilium.html">
<b>4.2.3.</b>
具备 API 感知的网络和安全性管理开源软件 Cilium
</a>
2018-11-08 16:09:05 +08:00
<ul class="articles">
<li class="chapter " data-level="4.2.3.1" data-path="../concepts/cilium-concepts.html">
2018-11-08 16:09:05 +08:00
<a href="../concepts/cilium-concepts.html">
<b>4.2.3.1.</b>
2018-11-08 16:09:05 +08:00
Cilium 架构设计与概念解析
2018-11-08 16:09:05 +08:00
</a>
</li>
</ul>
</li>
</ul>
</li>
<li class="chapter " data-level="4.3" data-path="../concepts/objects.html">
<a href="../concepts/objects.html">
<b>4.3.</b>
资源对象与基本概念解析
</a>
</li>
<li class="chapter " data-level="4.4" data-path="../concepts/pod-state-and-lifecycle.html">
<a href="../concepts/pod-state-and-lifecycle.html">
<b>4.4.</b>
Pod 状态与生命周期管理
</a>
<ul class="articles">
<li class="chapter " data-level="4.4.1" data-path="../concepts/pod-overview.html">
<a href="../concepts/pod-overview.html">
<b>4.4.1.</b>
Pod 概览
</a>
</li>
<li class="chapter " data-level="4.4.2" data-path="../concepts/pod.html">
<a href="../concepts/pod.html">
<b>4.4.2.</b>
Pod 解析
</a>
</li>
<li class="chapter " data-level="4.4.3" data-path="../concepts/init-containers.html">
<a href="../concepts/init-containers.html">
<b>4.4.3.</b>
Init 容器
</a>
</li>
<li class="chapter " data-level="4.4.4" data-path="../concepts/pause-container.html">
<a href="../concepts/pause-container.html">
<b>4.4.4.</b>
Pause 容器
</a>
</li>
<li class="chapter " data-level="4.4.5" data-path="../concepts/pod-security-policy.html">
<a href="../concepts/pod-security-policy.html">
<b>4.4.5.</b>
Pod 安全策略
</a>
</li>
<li class="chapter " data-level="4.4.6" data-path="../concepts/pod-lifecycle.html">
<a href="../concepts/pod-lifecycle.html">
<b>4.4.6.</b>
Pod 的生命周期
</a>
</li>
<li class="chapter " data-level="4.4.7" data-path="../concepts/pod-hook.html">
<a href="../concepts/pod-hook.html">
<b>4.4.7.</b>
Pod Hook
</a>
</li>
<li class="chapter " data-level="4.4.8" data-path="../concepts/pod-preset.html">
<a href="../concepts/pod-preset.html">
<b>4.4.8.</b>
Pod Preset
</a>
</li>
<li class="chapter " data-level="4.4.9" data-path="../concepts/pod-disruption-budget.html">
<a href="../concepts/pod-disruption-budget.html">
<b>4.4.9.</b>
Pod 中断与 PDBPod 中断预算)
</a>
</li>
</ul>
</li>
<li class="chapter " data-level="4.5" data-path="../concepts/cluster.html">
<a href="../concepts/cluster.html">
<b>4.5.</b>
集群资源管理
</a>
<ul class="articles">
<li class="chapter " data-level="4.5.1" data-path="../concepts/node.html">
<a href="../concepts/node.html">
<b>4.5.1.</b>
Node
</a>
</li>
<li class="chapter " data-level="4.5.2" data-path="../concepts/namespace.html">
<a href="../concepts/namespace.html">
<b>4.5.2.</b>
Namespace
</a>
</li>
<li class="chapter " data-level="4.5.3" data-path="../concepts/label.html">
<a href="../concepts/label.html">
<b>4.5.3.</b>
Label
</a>
</li>
<li class="chapter " data-level="4.5.4" data-path="../concepts/annotation.html">
<a href="../concepts/annotation.html">
<b>4.5.4.</b>
Annotation
</a>
</li>
<li class="chapter " data-level="4.5.5" data-path="../concepts/taint-and-toleration.html">
<a href="../concepts/taint-and-toleration.html">
<b>4.5.5.</b>
Taint 和 Toleration污点和容忍
</a>
</li>
<li class="chapter " data-level="4.5.6" data-path="../concepts/garbage-collection.html">
<a href="../concepts/garbage-collection.html">
<b>4.5.6.</b>
垃圾收集
</a>
</li>
</ul>
</li>
<li class="chapter " data-level="4.6" data-path="../concepts/controllers.html">
<a href="../concepts/controllers.html">
<b>4.6.</b>
控制器
</a>
<ul class="articles">
<li class="chapter " data-level="4.6.1" data-path="../concepts/deployment.html">
<a href="../concepts/deployment.html">
<b>4.6.1.</b>
Deployment
</a>
</li>
<li class="chapter " data-level="4.6.2" data-path="../concepts/statefulset.html">
<a href="../concepts/statefulset.html">
<b>4.6.2.</b>
StatefulSet
</a>
</li>
<li class="chapter " data-level="4.6.3" data-path="../concepts/daemonset.html">
<a href="../concepts/daemonset.html">
<b>4.6.3.</b>
DaemonSet
</a>
</li>
<li class="chapter " data-level="4.6.4" data-path="../concepts/replicaset.html">
<a href="../concepts/replicaset.html">
<b>4.6.4.</b>
ReplicationController 和 ReplicaSet
</a>
</li>
<li class="chapter " data-level="4.6.5" data-path="../concepts/job.html">
<a href="../concepts/job.html">
<b>4.6.5.</b>
Job
</a>
</li>
<li class="chapter " data-level="4.6.6" data-path="../concepts/cronjob.html">
<a href="../concepts/cronjob.html">
<b>4.6.6.</b>
CronJob
</a>
</li>
<li class="chapter " data-level="4.6.7" data-path="../concepts/horizontal-pod-autoscaling.html">
<a href="../concepts/horizontal-pod-autoscaling.html">
<b>4.6.7.</b>
Horizontal Pod Autoscaling
</a>
<ul class="articles">
<li class="chapter " data-level="4.6.7.1" data-path="../concepts/custom-metrics-hpa.html">
<a href="../concepts/custom-metrics-hpa.html">
<b>4.6.7.1.</b>
自定义指标 HPA
</a>
</li>
</ul>
2018-10-09 19:20:30 +08:00
</li>
<li class="chapter " data-level="4.6.8" data-path="../concepts/admission-controller.html">
2018-10-09 19:20:30 +08:00
<a href="../concepts/admission-controller.html">
<b>4.6.8.</b>
2018-10-09 19:20:30 +08:00
准入控制器Admission Controller
</a>
</li>
</ul>
</li>
<li class="chapter " data-level="4.7" data-path="../concepts/service-discovery.html">
<a href="../concepts/service-discovery.html">
<b>4.7.</b>
服务发现
</a>
<ul class="articles">
<li class="chapter " data-level="4.7.1" data-path="../concepts/service.html">
<a href="../concepts/service.html">
<b>4.7.1.</b>
Service
</a>
</li>
<li class="chapter " data-level="4.7.2" data-path="../concepts/ingress.html">
<a href="../concepts/ingress.html">
<b>4.7.2.</b>
Ingress
</a>
<ul class="articles">
<li class="chapter " data-level="4.7.2.1" data-path="../concepts/traefik-ingress-controller.html">
<a href="../concepts/traefik-ingress-controller.html">
<b>4.7.2.1.</b>
Traefik Ingress Controller
</a>
</li>
</ul>
</li>
<li class="chapter " data-level="4.7.3" data-path="../concepts/kubernetes-service-api.html">
<a href="../concepts/kubernetes-service-api.html">
<b>4.7.3.</b>
Kubernetes Service API
</a>
<ul class="articles">
<li class="chapter " data-level="4.7.3.1" data-path="../concepts/service-api-overview.html">
<a href="../concepts/service-api-overview.html">
<b>4.7.3.1.</b>
Service API 简介
</a>
</li>
</ul>
</li>
</ul>
</li>
<li class="chapter " data-level="4.8" data-path="../concepts/authentication-and-permission.html">
<a href="../concepts/authentication-and-permission.html">
<b>4.8.</b>
身份与权限控制
</a>
<ul class="articles">
<li class="chapter " data-level="4.8.1" data-path="../concepts/serviceaccount.html">
<a href="../concepts/serviceaccount.html">
<b>4.8.1.</b>
ServiceAccount
</a>
</li>
<li class="chapter " data-level="4.8.2" data-path="../concepts/rbac.html">
<a href="../concepts/rbac.html">
<b>4.8.2.</b>
RBAC—— 基于角色的访问控制
</a>
</li>
<li class="chapter " data-level="4.8.3" data-path="../concepts/network-policy.html">
<a href="../concepts/network-policy.html">
<b>4.8.3.</b>
NetworkPolicy
</a>
</li>
</ul>
</li>
<li class="chapter " data-level="4.9" data-path="../concepts/storage.html">
<a href="../concepts/storage.html">
<b>4.9.</b>
存储
</a>
<ul class="articles">
<li class="chapter " data-level="4.9.1" data-path="../concepts/secret.html">
<a href="../concepts/secret.html">
<b>4.9.1.</b>
Secret
</a>
</li>
<li class="chapter " data-level="4.9.2" data-path="../concepts/configmap.html">
<a href="../concepts/configmap.html">
<b>4.9.2.</b>
ConfigMap
</a>
<ul class="articles">
<li class="chapter " data-level="4.9.2.1" data-path="../concepts/configmap-hot-update.html">
<a href="../concepts/configmap-hot-update.html">
<b>4.9.2.1.</b>
ConfigMap 的热更新
</a>
</li>
</ul>
</li>
<li class="chapter " data-level="4.9.3" data-path="../concepts/volume.html">
<a href="../concepts/volume.html">
<b>4.9.3.</b>
Volume
</a>
</li>
<li class="chapter " data-level="4.9.4" data-path="../concepts/persistent-volume.html">
<a href="../concepts/persistent-volume.html">
<b>4.9.4.</b>
Persistent Volume持久化卷
</a>
</li>
<li class="chapter " data-level="4.9.5" data-path="../concepts/storageclass.html">
<a href="../concepts/storageclass.html">
<b>4.9.5.</b>
Storage Class
</a>
</li>
<li class="chapter " data-level="4.9.6" data-path="../concepts/local-persistent-storage.html">
<a href="../concepts/local-persistent-storage.html">
<b>4.9.6.</b>
本地持久化存储
</a>
</li>
</ul>
</li>
<li class="chapter " data-level="4.10" data-path="../concepts/extension.html">
<a href="../concepts/extension.html">
<b>4.10.</b>
集群扩展
</a>
<ul class="articles">
<li class="chapter " data-level="4.10.1" data-path="../concepts/custom-resource.html">
<a href="../concepts/custom-resource.html">
<b>4.10.1.</b>
使用自定义资源扩展 API
</a>
</li>
<li class="chapter " data-level="4.10.2" data-path="../concepts/crd.html">
2018-11-01 17:58:26 +08:00
<a href="../concepts/crd.html">
<b>4.10.2.</b>
使用 CRD 扩展 Kubernetes API
2018-11-01 17:58:26 +08:00
</a>
</li>
<li class="chapter " data-level="4.10.3" data-path="../concepts/aggregated-api-server.html">
2018-11-01 17:58:26 +08:00
<a href="../concepts/aggregated-api-server.html">
<b>4.10.3.</b>
2018-11-01 17:58:26 +08:00
Aggregated API Server
</a>
</li>
<li class="chapter " data-level="4.10.4" data-path="../concepts/apiservice.html">
<a href="../concepts/apiservice.html">
<b>4.10.4.</b>
APIService
</a>
</li>
<li class="chapter " data-level="4.10.5" data-path="../concepts/service-catalog.html">
<a href="../concepts/service-catalog.html">
<b>4.10.5.</b>
Service Catalog
</a>
</li>
<li class="chapter " data-level="4.10.6" data-path="../concepts/multicluster.html">
<a href="../concepts/multicluster.html">
<b>4.10.6.</b>
多集群管理
</a>
</li>
</ul>
</li>
<li class="chapter " data-level="4.11" data-path="../concepts/scheduling.html">
<a href="../concepts/scheduling.html">
<b>4.11.</b>
资源调度
</a>
2018-10-09 11:53:49 +08:00
<ul class="articles">
<li class="chapter " data-level="4.11.1" data-path="../concepts/qos.html">
2018-10-09 11:53:49 +08:00
<a href="../concepts/qos.html">
<b>4.11.1.</b>
2018-10-09 11:53:49 +08:00
QoS服务质量等级
</a>
</li>
</ul>
</li>
<li class="header">用户指南</li>
<li class="chapter " data-level="5.1" data-path="../guide/">
<a href="../guide/">
<b>5.1.</b>
用户指南概览
</a>
</li>
<li class="chapter " data-level="5.2" data-path="../guide/resource-configuration.html">
<a href="../guide/resource-configuration.html">
<b>5.2.</b>
资源对象配置
</a>
<ul class="articles">
<li class="chapter " data-level="5.2.1" data-path="../guide/configure-liveness-readiness-probes.html">
<a href="../guide/configure-liveness-readiness-probes.html">
<b>5.2.1.</b>
配置 Pod 的 liveness 和 readiness 探针
</a>
</li>
<li class="chapter " data-level="5.2.2" data-path="../guide/configure-pod-service-account.html">
<a href="../guide/configure-pod-service-account.html">
<b>5.2.2.</b>
配置 Pod 的 Service Account
</a>
</li>
<li class="chapter " data-level="5.2.3" data-path="../guide/secret-configuration.html">
<a href="../guide/secret-configuration.html">
<b>5.2.3.</b>
Secret 配置
</a>
</li>
<li class="chapter " data-level="5.2.4" data-path="../guide/resource-quota-management.html">
<a href="../guide/resource-quota-management.html">
<b>5.2.4.</b>
管理 namespace 中的资源配额
</a>
</li>
</ul>
</li>
<li class="chapter " data-level="5.3" data-path="../guide/command-usage.html">
<a href="../guide/command-usage.html">
<b>5.3.</b>
命令使用
</a>
<ul class="articles">
<li class="chapter " data-level="5.3.1" data-path="../guide/docker-cli-to-kubectl.html">
<a href="../guide/docker-cli-to-kubectl.html">
<b>5.3.1.</b>
Docker 用户过渡到 kubectl 命令行指南
</a>
</li>
<li class="chapter " data-level="5.3.2" data-path="../guide/using-kubectl.html">
<a href="../guide/using-kubectl.html">
<b>5.3.2.</b>
kubectl 命令概览
</a>
</li>
<li class="chapter " data-level="5.3.3" data-path="../guide/kubectl-cheatsheet.html">
<a href="../guide/kubectl-cheatsheet.html">
<b>5.3.3.</b>
kubectl 命令技巧大全
</a>
</li>
<li class="chapter " data-level="5.3.4" data-path="../guide/using-etcdctl-to-access-kubernetes-data.html">
<a href="../guide/using-etcdctl-to-access-kubernetes-data.html">
<b>5.3.4.</b>
使用 etcdctl 访问 kubernetes 数据
</a>
</li>
</ul>
</li>
<li class="chapter " data-level="5.4" data-path="../guide/cluster-security-management.html">
<a href="../guide/cluster-security-management.html">
<b>5.4.</b>
集群安全性管理
</a>
<ul class="articles">
<li class="chapter " data-level="5.4.1" data-path="../guide/managing-tls-in-a-cluster.html">
<a href="../guide/managing-tls-in-a-cluster.html">
<b>5.4.1.</b>
管理集群中的 TLS
</a>
</li>
<li class="chapter " data-level="5.4.2" data-path="../guide/kubelet-authentication-authorization.html">
<a href="../guide/kubelet-authentication-authorization.html">
<b>5.4.2.</b>
kubelet 的认证授权
</a>
</li>
<li class="chapter " data-level="5.4.3" data-path="../guide/tls-bootstrapping.html">
<a href="../guide/tls-bootstrapping.html">
<b>5.4.3.</b>
TLS Bootstrap
</a>
</li>
<li class="chapter " data-level="5.4.4" data-path="../guide/kubectl-user-authentication-authorization.html">
<a href="../guide/kubectl-user-authentication-authorization.html">
<b>5.4.4.</b>
创建用户认证授权的 kubeconfig 文件
</a>
</li>
<li class="chapter " data-level="5.4.5" data-path="../guide/ip-masq-agent.html">
<a href="../guide/ip-masq-agent.html">
<b>5.4.5.</b>
IP 伪装代理
</a>
</li>
<li class="chapter " data-level="5.4.6" data-path="../guide/auth-with-kubeconfig-or-token.html">
<a href="../guide/auth-with-kubeconfig-or-token.html">
<b>5.4.6.</b>
使用 kubeconfig 或 token 进行用户身份认证
</a>
</li>
<li class="chapter " data-level="5.4.7" data-path="../guide/authentication.html">
<a href="../guide/authentication.html">
<b>5.4.7.</b>
Kubernetes 中的用户与身份认证授权
</a>
</li>
<li class="chapter " data-level="5.4.8" data-path="../guide/kubernetes-security-best-practice.html">
<a href="../guide/kubernetes-security-best-practice.html">
<b>5.4.8.</b>
Kubernetes 集群安全性配置最佳实践
</a>
</li>
</ul>
</li>
<li class="chapter " data-level="5.5" data-path="../guide/access-kubernetes-cluster.html">
<a href="../guide/access-kubernetes-cluster.html">
<b>5.5.</b>
访问 Kubernetes 集群
</a>
<ul class="articles">
<li class="chapter " data-level="5.5.1" data-path="../guide/access-cluster.html">
<a href="../guide/access-cluster.html">
<b>5.5.1.</b>
访问集群
</a>
</li>
<li class="chapter " data-level="5.5.2" data-path="../guide/authenticate-across-clusters-kubeconfig.html">
<a href="../guide/authenticate-across-clusters-kubeconfig.html">
<b>5.5.2.</b>
使用 kubeconfig 文件配置跨集群认证
</a>
</li>
<li class="chapter " data-level="5.5.3" data-path="../guide/connecting-to-applications-port-forward.html">
<a href="../guide/connecting-to-applications-port-forward.html">
<b>5.5.3.</b>
通过端口转发访问集群中的应用程序
</a>
</li>
<li class="chapter " data-level="5.5.4" data-path="../guide/service-access-application-cluster.html">
<a href="../guide/service-access-application-cluster.html">
<b>5.5.4.</b>
使用 service 访问群集中的应用程序
</a>
</li>
<li class="chapter " data-level="5.5.5" data-path="../guide/accessing-kubernetes-pods-from-outside-of-the-cluster.html">
<a href="../guide/accessing-kubernetes-pods-from-outside-of-the-cluster.html">
<b>5.5.5.</b>
从外部访问 Kubernetes 中的 Pod
</a>
</li>
<li class="chapter " data-level="5.5.6" data-path="../guide/cabin-mobile-dashboard-for-kubernetes.html">
<a href="../guide/cabin-mobile-dashboard-for-kubernetes.html">
<b>5.5.6.</b>
Cabin - Kubernetes 手机客户端
</a>
</li>
<li class="chapter " data-level="5.5.7" data-path="../guide/kubernetes-desktop-client.html">
<a href="../guide/kubernetes-desktop-client.html">
<b>5.5.7.</b>
Lens - Kubernetes IDE/桌面客户端
</a>
</li>
<li class="chapter " data-level="5.5.8" data-path="../guide/kubernator-kubernetes-ui.html">
<a href="../guide/kubernator-kubernetes-ui.html">
<b>5.5.8.</b>
Kubernator - 更底层的 Kubernetes UI
</a>
</li>
</ul>
</li>
<li class="chapter " data-level="5.6" data-path="../guide/application-development-deployment-flow.html">
<a href="../guide/application-development-deployment-flow.html">
<b>5.6.</b>
在 Kubernetes 中开发部署应用
</a>
<ul class="articles">
<li class="chapter " data-level="5.6.1" data-path="../guide/deploy-applications-in-kubernetes.html">
<a href="../guide/deploy-applications-in-kubernetes.html">
<b>5.6.1.</b>
适用于 kubernetes 的应用开发部署流程
</a>
</li>
<li class="chapter " data-level="5.6.2" data-path="../guide/migrating-hadoop-yarn-to-kubernetes.html">
<a href="../guide/migrating-hadoop-yarn-to-kubernetes.html">
<b>5.6.2.</b>
迁移传统应用到 Kubernetes 中 —— 以 Hadoop YARN 为例
</a>
</li>
<li class="chapter " data-level="5.6.3" data-path="../guide/using-statefulset.html">
<a href="../guide/using-statefulset.html">
<b>5.6.3.</b>
使用 StatefulSet 部署用状态应用
</a>
</li>
</ul>
</li>
<li class="header">最佳实践</li>
<li class="chapter " data-level="6.1" data-path="../practice/">
<a href="../practice/">
<b>6.1.</b>
最佳实践概览
</a>
</li>
<li class="chapter " data-level="6.2" data-path="../practice/install-kubernetes-on-centos.html">
<a href="../practice/install-kubernetes-on-centos.html">
<b>6.2.</b>
在 CentOS 上部署 Kubernetes 集群
</a>
<ul class="articles">
<li class="chapter " data-level="6.2.1" data-path="../practice/create-tls-and-secret-key.html">
<a href="../practice/create-tls-and-secret-key.html">
<b>6.2.1.</b>
创建 TLS 证书和秘钥
</a>
</li>
<li class="chapter " data-level="6.2.2" data-path="../practice/create-kubeconfig.html">
<a href="../practice/create-kubeconfig.html">
<b>6.2.2.</b>
创建 kubeconfig 文件
</a>
</li>
<li class="chapter " data-level="6.2.3" data-path="../practice/etcd-cluster-installation.html">
<a href="../practice/etcd-cluster-installation.html">
<b>6.2.3.</b>
创建高可用 etcd 集群
</a>
</li>
<li class="chapter " data-level="6.2.4" data-path="../practice/kubectl-installation.html">
<a href="../practice/kubectl-installation.html">
<b>6.2.4.</b>
安装 kubectl 命令行工具
</a>
</li>
<li class="chapter " data-level="6.2.5" data-path="../practice/master-installation.html">
<a href="../practice/master-installation.html">
<b>6.2.5.</b>
部署 master 节点
</a>
</li>
<li class="chapter " data-level="6.2.6" data-path="../practice/flannel-installation.html">
<a href="../practice/flannel-installation.html">
<b>6.2.6.</b>
安装 flannel 网络插件
</a>
</li>
<li class="chapter " data-level="6.2.7" data-path="../practice/node-installation.html">
<a href="../practice/node-installation.html">
<b>6.2.7.</b>
部署 node 节点
</a>
</li>
<li class="chapter " data-level="6.2.8" data-path="../practice/kubedns-addon-installation.html">
<a href="../practice/kubedns-addon-installation.html">
<b>6.2.8.</b>
安装 kubedns 插件
</a>
</li>
<li class="chapter " data-level="6.2.9" data-path="../practice/dashboard-addon-installation.html">
<a href="../practice/dashboard-addon-installation.html">
<b>6.2.9.</b>
安装 dashboard 插件
</a>
</li>
<li class="chapter " data-level="6.2.10" data-path="../practice/heapster-addon-installation.html">
<a href="../practice/heapster-addon-installation.html">
<b>6.2.10.</b>
安装 heapster 插件
</a>
</li>
<li class="chapter " data-level="6.2.11" data-path="../practice/efk-addon-installation.html">
<a href="../practice/efk-addon-installation.html">
<b>6.2.11.</b>
安装 EFK 插件
</a>
</li>
</ul>
</li>
<li class="chapter " data-level="6.3" data-path="../practice/install-kubernetes-with-kubeadm.html">
<a href="../practice/install-kubernetes-with-kubeadm.html">
<b>6.3.</b>
生产级的 Kubernetes 简化管理工具 kubeadm
</a>
<ul class="articles">
<li class="chapter " data-level="6.3.1" data-path="../practice/install-kubernetes-on-ubuntu-server-16.04-with-kubeadm.html">
<a href="../practice/install-kubernetes-on-ubuntu-server-16.04-with-kubeadm.html">
<b>6.3.1.</b>
使用 kubeadm 在 Ubuntu Server 16.04 上快速构建测试集群
</a>
</li>
</ul>
</li>
<li class="chapter " data-level="6.4" data-path="../practice/service-discovery-and-loadbalancing.html">
<a href="../practice/service-discovery-and-loadbalancing.html">
<b>6.4.</b>
服务发现与负载均衡
</a>
<ul class="articles">
<li class="chapter " data-level="6.4.1" data-path="../practice/traefik-ingress-installation.html">
<a href="../practice/traefik-ingress-installation.html">
<b>6.4.1.</b>
安装 Traefik ingress
</a>
</li>
<li class="chapter " data-level="6.4.2" data-path="../practice/distributed-load-test.html">
<a href="../practice/distributed-load-test.html">
<b>6.4.2.</b>
分布式负载测试
</a>
</li>
<li class="chapter " data-level="6.4.3" data-path="../practice/network-and-cluster-perfermance-test.html">
<a href="../practice/network-and-cluster-perfermance-test.html">
<b>6.4.3.</b>
网络和集群性能测试
</a>
</li>
<li class="chapter " data-level="6.4.4" data-path="../practice/edge-node-configuration.html">
<a href="../practice/edge-node-configuration.html">
<b>6.4.4.</b>
边缘节点配置
</a>
</li>
<li class="chapter " data-level="6.4.5" data-path="../practice/nginx-ingress-installation.html">
<a href="../practice/nginx-ingress-installation.html">
<b>6.4.5.</b>
安装 Nginx ingress
</a>
</li>
<li class="chapter " data-level="6.4.6" data-path="../practice/dns-installation.html">
<a href="../practice/dns-installation.html">
<b>6.4.6.</b>
安装配置 DNS
</a>
<ul class="articles">
<li class="chapter " data-level="6.4.6.1" data-path="../practice/configuring-dns.html">
<a href="../practice/configuring-dns.html">
<b>6.4.6.1.</b>
安装配置 Kube-dns
</a>
</li>
<li class="chapter " data-level="6.4.6.2" data-path="../practice/coredns.html">
<a href="../practice/coredns.html">
<b>6.4.6.2.</b>
安装配置 CoreDNS
</a>
</li>
</ul>
</li>
</ul>
</li>
<li class="chapter " data-level="6.5" data-path="../practice/operation.html">
<a href="../practice/operation.html">
<b>6.5.</b>
运维管理
</a>
<ul class="articles">
<li class="chapter " data-level="6.5.1" data-path="../practice/master-ha.html">
<a href="../practice/master-ha.html">
<b>6.5.1.</b>
Master 节点高可用
</a>
</li>
<li class="chapter " data-level="6.5.2" data-path="../practice/service-rolling-update.html">
<a href="../practice/service-rolling-update.html">
<b>6.5.2.</b>
服务滚动升级
</a>
</li>
<li class="chapter " data-level="6.5.3" data-path="../practice/app-log-collection.html">
<a href="../practice/app-log-collection.html">
<b>6.5.3.</b>
应用日志收集
</a>
</li>
<li class="chapter " data-level="6.5.4" data-path="../practice/configuration-best-practice.html">
<a href="../practice/configuration-best-practice.html">
<b>6.5.4.</b>
配置最佳实践
</a>
</li>
<li class="chapter " data-level="6.5.5" data-path="../practice/monitor.html">
<a href="../practice/monitor.html">
<b>6.5.5.</b>
集群及应用监控
</a>
</li>
<li class="chapter " data-level="6.5.6" data-path="../practice/data-persistence-problem.html">
<a href="../practice/data-persistence-problem.html">
<b>6.5.6.</b>
数据持久化问题
</a>
</li>
<li class="chapter " data-level="6.5.7" data-path="../practice/manage-compute-resources-container.html">
<a href="../practice/manage-compute-resources-container.html">
<b>6.5.7.</b>
管理容器的计算资源
</a>
</li>
<li class="chapter " data-level="6.5.8" data-path="../practice/federation.html">
<a href="../practice/federation.html">
<b>6.5.8.</b>
集群联邦Cluster Federation
</a>
</li>
</ul>
</li>
<li class="chapter " data-level="6.6" data-path="../practice/storage.html">
<a href="../practice/storage.html">
<b>6.6.</b>
存储管理
</a>
<ul class="articles">
<li class="chapter " data-level="6.6.1" data-path="../practice/glusterfs.html">
<a href="../practice/glusterfs.html">
<b>6.6.1.</b>
GlusterFS
</a>
<ul class="articles">
<li class="chapter " data-level="6.6.1.1" data-path="../practice/using-glusterfs-for-persistent-storage.html">
<a href="../practice/using-glusterfs-for-persistent-storage.html">
<b>6.6.1.1.</b>
使用 GlusterFS 做持久化存储
</a>
</li>
<li class="chapter " data-level="6.6.1.2" data-path="../practice/using-heketi-gluster-for-persistent-storage.html">
<a href="../practice/using-heketi-gluster-for-persistent-storage.html">
<b>6.6.1.2.</b>
使用 Heketi 作为 Kubernetes 的持久存储 GlusterFS 的 external provisioner
</a>
</li>
<li class="chapter " data-level="6.6.1.3" data-path="../practice/storage-for-containers-using-glusterfs-with-openshift.html">
<a href="../practice/storage-for-containers-using-glusterfs-with-openshift.html">
<b>6.6.1.3.</b>
在 OpenShift 中使用 GlusterFS 做持久化存储
</a>
</li>
</ul>
</li>
<li class="chapter " data-level="6.6.2" data-path="../practice/glusterd-2.0.html">
2018-05-23 19:52:24 +08:00
<a href="../practice/glusterd-2.0.html">
<b>6.6.2.</b>
2018-05-23 19:52:24 +08:00
GlusterD-2.0
</a>
</li>
<li class="chapter " data-level="6.6.3" data-path="../practice/ceph.html">
2018-05-23 19:52:24 +08:00
<a href="../practice/ceph.html">
<b>6.6.3.</b>
2018-05-23 19:52:24 +08:00
Ceph
</a>
<ul class="articles">
<li class="chapter " data-level="6.6.3.1" data-path="../practice/ceph-helm-install-guide-zh.html">
<a href="../practice/ceph-helm-install-guide-zh.html">
<b>6.6.3.1.</b>
用 Helm 托管安装 Ceph 集群并提供后端存储
</a>
</li>
<li class="chapter " data-level="6.6.3.2" data-path="../practice/using-ceph-for-persistent-storage.html">
<a href="../practice/using-ceph-for-persistent-storage.html">
<b>6.6.3.2.</b>
使用 Ceph 做持久化存储
</a>
2018-10-15 14:20:09 +08:00
</li>
<li class="chapter " data-level="6.6.3.3" data-path="../practice/rbd-provisioner.html">
2018-10-15 14:20:09 +08:00
<a href="../practice/rbd-provisioner.html">
<b>6.6.3.3.</b>
2018-10-15 14:20:09 +08:00
使用 rbd-provisioner 提供 rbd 持久化存储
2018-10-15 14:20:09 +08:00
</a>
</li>
</ul>
</li>
<li class="chapter " data-level="6.6.4" data-path="../practice/openebs.html">
<a href="../practice/openebs.html">
<b>6.6.4.</b>
OpenEBS
</a>
<ul class="articles">
<li class="chapter " data-level="6.6.4.1" data-path="../practice/using-openebs-for-persistent-storage.html">
<a href="../practice/using-openebs-for-persistent-storage.html">
<b>6.6.4.1.</b>
使用 OpenEBS 做持久化存储
</a>
</li>
</ul>
</li>
<li class="chapter " data-level="6.6.5" data-path="../practice/rook.html">
<a href="../practice/rook.html">
<b>6.6.5.</b>
Rook
</a>
</li>
<li class="chapter " data-level="6.6.6" data-path="../practice/nfs.html">
<a href="../practice/nfs.html">
<b>6.6.6.</b>
NFS
</a>
<ul class="articles">
<li class="chapter " data-level="6.6.6.1" data-path="../practice/using-nfs-for-persistent-storage.html">
<a href="../practice/using-nfs-for-persistent-storage.html">
<b>6.6.6.1.</b>
利用 NFS 动态提供 Kubernetes 后端存储卷
</a>
</li>
</ul>
</li>
</ul>
</li>
<li class="chapter " data-level="6.7" data-path="../practice/monitoring.html">
<a href="../practice/monitoring.html">
<b>6.7.</b>
集群与应用监控
</a>
<ul class="articles">
<li class="chapter " data-level="6.7.1" data-path="../practice/heapster.html">
<a href="../practice/heapster.html">
<b>6.7.1.</b>
Heapster
</a>
<ul class="articles">
<li class="chapter " data-level="6.7.1.1" data-path="../practice/using-heapster-to-get-object-metrics.html">
<a href="../practice/using-heapster-to-get-object-metrics.html">
<b>6.7.1.1.</b>
使用 Heapster 获取集群和对象的 metric 数据
</a>
</li>
</ul>
</li>
<li class="chapter " data-level="6.7.2" data-path="../practice/prometheus.html">
<a href="../practice/prometheus.html">
<b>6.7.2.</b>
Prometheus
</a>
<ul class="articles">
<li class="chapter " data-level="6.7.2.1" data-path="../practice/using-prometheus-to-monitor-kuberentes-cluster.html">
<a href="../practice/using-prometheus-to-monitor-kuberentes-cluster.html">
<b>6.7.2.1.</b>
使用 Prometheus 监控 kubernetes 集群
</a>
2018-10-19 15:44:38 +08:00
</li>
<li class="chapter " data-level="6.7.2.2" data-path="../practice/promql.html">
2018-10-19 15:44:38 +08:00
<a href="../practice/promql.html">
<b>6.7.2.2.</b>
2018-10-19 15:44:38 +08:00
Prometheus 查询语言 PromQL 使用说明
2018-10-19 15:44:38 +08:00
</a>
</li>
</ul>
</li>
<li class="chapter " data-level="6.7.3" data-path="../practice/vistio-visualize-your-istio-mesh.html">
<a href="../practice/vistio-visualize-your-istio-mesh.html">
<b>6.7.3.</b>
使用 Vistio 监控 Istio 服务网格中的流量
</a>
</li>
</ul>
</li>
<li class="chapter " data-level="6.8" data-path="../practice/distributed-tracing.html">
<a href="../practice/distributed-tracing.html">
<b>6.8.</b>
分布式追踪
</a>
<ul class="articles">
<li class="chapter " data-level="6.8.1" data-path="../practice/opentracing.html">
<a href="../practice/opentracing.html">
<b>6.8.1.</b>
OpenTracing
</a>
</li>
</ul>
</li>
<li class="chapter " data-level="6.9" data-path="../practice/services-management-tool.html">
<a href="../practice/services-management-tool.html">
<b>6.9.</b>
服务编排管理
</a>
<ul class="articles">
<li class="chapter " data-level="6.9.1" data-path="../practice/helm.html">
<a href="../practice/helm.html">
<b>6.9.1.</b>
使用 Helm 管理 Kubernetes 应用
</a>
</li>
<li class="chapter " data-level="6.9.2" data-path="../practice/create-private-charts-repo.html">
<a href="../practice/create-private-charts-repo.html">
<b>6.9.2.</b>
构建私有 Chart 仓库
</a>
</li>
</ul>
</li>
<li class="chapter " data-level="6.10" data-path="../practice/ci-cd.html">
<a href="../practice/ci-cd.html">
<b>6.10.</b>
持续集成与发布
</a>
<ul class="articles">
<li class="chapter " data-level="6.10.1" data-path="../practice/jenkins-ci-cd.html">
<a href="../practice/jenkins-ci-cd.html">
<b>6.10.1.</b>
使用 Jenkins 进行持续集成与发布
</a>
</li>
<li class="chapter " data-level="6.10.2" data-path="../practice/drone-ci-cd.html">
<a href="../practice/drone-ci-cd.html">
<b>6.10.2.</b>
使用 Drone 进行持续集成与发布
</a>
</li>
</ul>
</li>
<li class="chapter " data-level="6.11" data-path="../practice/update-and-upgrade.html">
<a href="../practice/update-and-upgrade.html">
<b>6.11.</b>
更新与升级
</a>
<ul class="articles">
<li class="chapter " data-level="6.11.1" data-path="../practice/manually-upgrade.html">
<a href="../practice/manually-upgrade.html">
<b>6.11.1.</b>
手动升级 Kubernetes 集群
</a>
</li>
<li class="chapter " data-level="6.11.2" data-path="../practice/dashboard-upgrade.html">
<a href="../practice/dashboard-upgrade.html">
<b>6.11.2.</b>
升级 dashboard
</a>
</li>
</ul>
</li>
<li class="chapter " data-level="6.12" data-path="../practice/controller-extended.html">
<a href="../practice/controller-extended.html">
<b>6.12.</b>
扩展控制器
</a>
<ul class="articles">
<li class="chapter " data-level="6.12.1" data-path="../practice/openkruise.html">
<a href="../practice/openkruise.html">
<b>6.12.1.</b>
OpenKruise
</a>
<ul class="articles">
<li class="chapter " data-level="6.12.1.1" data-path="../practice/in-place-update.html">
<a href="../practice/in-place-update.html">
<b>6.12.1.1.</b>
原地升级
</a>
</li>
</ul>
</li>
</ul>
</li>
<li class="chapter " data-level="6.13" data-path="../practice/security-policy.html">
<a href="../practice/security-policy.html">
<b>6.13.</b>
安全策略
</a>
<ul class="articles">
<li class="chapter " data-level="6.13.1" data-path="../practice/open-policy-agent.html">
<a href="../practice/open-policy-agent.html">
<b>6.13.1.</b>
OPA开放策略代理
</a>
</li>
</ul>
</li>
<li class="header">服务网格</li>
<li class="chapter " data-level="7.1" data-path="../usecases/service-mesh.html">
<a href="../usecases/service-mesh.html">
<b>7.1.</b>
服务网格Service Mesh
</a>
</li>
<li class="chapter " data-level="7.2" data-path="../usecases/the-enterprise-path-to-service-mesh-architectures.html">
<a href="../usecases/the-enterprise-path-to-service-mesh-architectures.html">
<b>7.2.</b>
企业级服务网格架构
</a>
<ul class="articles">
<li class="chapter " data-level="7.2.1" data-path="../usecases/service-mesh-fundamental.html">
<a href="../usecases/service-mesh-fundamental.html">
<b>7.2.1.</b>
服务网格基础
</a>
</li>
<li class="chapter " data-level="7.2.2" data-path="../usecases/comparing-service-mesh-technologies.html">
<a href="../usecases/comparing-service-mesh-technologies.html">
<b>7.2.2.</b>
服务网格技术对比
</a>
</li>
<li class="chapter " data-level="7.2.3" data-path="../usecases/service-mesh-vs-api-gateway.html">
<a href="../usecases/service-mesh-vs-api-gateway.html">
<b>7.2.3.</b>
服务网格对比 API 网关
</a>
</li>
<li class="chapter " data-level="7.2.4" data-path="../usecases/service-mesh-adoption-and-evolution.html">
<a href="../usecases/service-mesh-adoption-and-evolution.html">
<b>7.2.4.</b>
采纳和演进
</a>
</li>
<li class="chapter " data-level="7.2.5" data-path="../usecases/service-mesh-customization-and-integration.html">
<a href="../usecases/service-mesh-customization-and-integration.html">
<b>7.2.5.</b>
定制和集成
</a>
</li>
<li class="chapter " data-level="7.2.6" data-path="../usecases/service-mesh-conclusion.html">
<a href="../usecases/service-mesh-conclusion.html">
<b>7.2.6.</b>
总结
</a>
</li>
</ul>
</li>
<li class="chapter " data-level="7.3" data-path="../usecases/istio.html">
<a href="../usecases/istio.html">
<b>7.3.</b>
Istio
2018-08-20 19:31:01 +08:00
</a>
<ul class="articles">
<li class="chapter " data-level="7.3.1" data-path="../usecases/before-using-istio.html">
2018-08-20 19:31:01 +08:00
<a href="../usecases/before-using-istio.html">
2018-08-20 19:31:01 +08:00
<b>7.3.1.</b>
2018-08-20 19:31:01 +08:00
使用 Istio 前需要考虑的问题
2018-08-20 19:31:01 +08:00
</a>
</li>
<li class="chapter " data-level="7.3.2" data-path="../usecases/istio-installation.html">
2018-08-20 19:31:01 +08:00
<a href="../usecases/istio-installation.html">
2018-08-20 19:31:01 +08:00
<b>7.3.2.</b>
2018-08-20 19:31:01 +08:00
安装并试用 Istio
2018-08-20 19:31:01 +08:00
</a>
</li>
<li class="chapter " data-level="7.3.3" data-path="../usecases/sidecar-spec-in-istio.html">
2018-08-20 19:31:01 +08:00
<a href="../usecases/sidecar-spec-in-istio.html">
2018-08-20 19:31:01 +08:00
<b>7.3.3.</b>
2018-08-20 19:31:01 +08:00
Istio 中 sidecar 的注入规范及示例
2018-08-20 19:31:01 +08:00
</a>
</li>
<li class="chapter " data-level="7.3.4" data-path="../usecases/istio-community-tips.html">
2018-08-20 19:31:01 +08:00
<a href="../usecases/istio-community-tips.html">
2018-08-20 19:31:01 +08:00
<b>7.3.4.</b>
2018-08-20 19:31:01 +08:00
如何参与 Istio 社区及注意事项
2018-08-20 19:31:01 +08:00
</a>
</li>
<li class="chapter " data-level="7.3.5" data-path="../usecases/istio-tutorials-collection.html">
2018-08-20 19:31:01 +08:00
<a href="../usecases/istio-tutorials-collection.html">
2018-08-20 19:31:01 +08:00
<b>7.3.5.</b>
2018-08-20 19:31:01 +08:00
Istio 免费学习资源汇总
2018-08-20 19:31:01 +08:00
</a>
</li>
<li class="chapter " data-level="7.3.6" data-path="../usecases/understand-sidecar-injection-and-traffic-hijack-in-istio-service-mesh.html">
2018-08-20 19:31:01 +08:00
<a href="../usecases/understand-sidecar-injection-and-traffic-hijack-in-istio-service-mesh.html">
2018-08-20 19:31:01 +08:00
<b>7.3.6.</b>
2018-08-20 19:31:01 +08:00
Sidecar 的注入与流量劫持
</a>
</li>
<li class="chapter " data-level="7.3.7" data-path="../usecases/envoy-sidecar-routing-of-istio-service-mesh-deep-dive.html">
<a href="../usecases/envoy-sidecar-routing-of-istio-service-mesh-deep-dive.html">
<b>7.3.7.</b>
Envoy Sidecar 代理的路由转发
</a>
</li>
<li class="chapter " data-level="7.3.8" data-path="../usecases/how-to-integrate-istio-with-vm.html">
<a href="../usecases/how-to-integrate-istio-with-vm.html">
<b>7.3.8.</b>
Istio 如何支持虚拟机
</a>
</li>
<li class="chapter " data-level="7.3.9" data-path="../usecases/istio-vm-support.html">
<a href="../usecases/istio-vm-support.html">
<b>7.3.9.</b>
Istio 支持虚拟机的历史
</a>
</li>
</ul>
2018-08-29 16:29:18 +08:00
</li>
<li class="chapter " data-level="7.4" data-path="../usecases/envoy.html">
<a href="../usecases/envoy.html">
2018-08-29 16:29:18 +08:00
<b>7.4.</b>
2018-08-29 16:29:18 +08:00
Envoy
2018-08-29 16:29:18 +08:00
</a>
<ul class="articles">
<li class="chapter " data-level="7.4.1" data-path="../usecases/envoy-terminology.html">
<a href="../usecases/envoy-terminology.html">
<b>7.4.1.</b>
Envoy 的架构与基本术语
2019-01-02 16:44:20 +08:00
</a>
</li>
<li class="chapter " data-level="7.4.2" data-path="../usecases/envoy-front-proxy.html">
2019-01-02 16:44:20 +08:00
<a href="../usecases/envoy-front-proxy.html">
2019-01-02 16:44:20 +08:00
<b>7.4.2.</b>
2019-01-02 16:44:20 +08:00
Envoy 作为前端代理
</a>
</li>
<li class="chapter " data-level="7.4.3" data-path="../usecases/envoy-mesh-in-kubernetes-tutorial.html">
<a href="../usecases/envoy-mesh-in-kubernetes-tutorial.html">
<b>7.4.3.</b>
Envoy mesh 教程
</a>
</li>
</ul>
</li>
<li class="header">领域应用</li>
<li class="chapter " data-level="8.1" data-path="../usecases/">
<a href="../usecases/">
<b>8.1.</b>
领域应用概览
</a>
</li>
<li class="chapter " data-level="8.2" data-path="../usecases/microservices.html">
<a href="../usecases/microservices.html">
<b>8.2.</b>
微服务架构
</a>
<ul class="articles">
<li class="chapter " data-level="8.2.1" data-path="../usecases/service-discovery-in-microservices.html">
<a href="../usecases/service-discovery-in-microservices.html">
<b>8.2.1.</b>
微服务中的服务发现
</a>
</li>
<li class="chapter " data-level="8.2.2" data-path="../usecases/microservices-for-java-developers.html">
<a href="../usecases/microservices-for-java-developers.html">
<b>8.2.2.</b>
使用 Java 构建微服务并发布到 Kubernetes 平台
</a>
<ul class="articles">
<li class="chapter " data-level="8.2.2.1" data-path="../usecases/spring-boot-quick-start-guide.html">
<a href="../usecases/spring-boot-quick-start-guide.html">
<b>8.2.2.1.</b>
Spring Boot 快速开始指南
</a>
2018-10-19 22:44:16 +08:00
</li>
</ul>
</li>
</ul>
</li>
<li class="chapter " data-level="8.3" data-path="../usecases/big-data.html">
<a href="../usecases/big-data.html">
<b>8.3.</b>
大数据
</a>
<ul class="articles">
<li class="chapter " data-level="8.3.1" data-path="../usecases/spark-standalone-on-kubernetes.html">
<a href="../usecases/spark-standalone-on-kubernetes.html">
<b>8.3.1.</b>
Spark standalone on Kubernetes
</a>
</li>
<li class="chapter " data-level="8.3.2" data-path="../usecases/running-spark-with-kubernetes-native-scheduler.html">
<a href="../usecases/running-spark-with-kubernetes-native-scheduler.html">
<b>8.3.2.</b>
运行支持 Kubernetes 原生调度的 Spark 程序
</a>
</li>
</ul>
</li>
<li class="chapter " data-level="8.4" data-path="../usecases/serverless.html">
<a href="../usecases/serverless.html">
<b>8.4.</b>
Serverless 架构
</a>
<ul class="articles">
<li class="chapter " data-level="8.4.1" data-path="../usecases/understanding-serverless.html">
<a href="../usecases/understanding-serverless.html">
<b>8.4.1.</b>
理解 Serverless
</a>
</li>
<li class="chapter " data-level="8.4.2" data-path="../usecases/faas.html">
<a href="../usecases/faas.html">
<b>8.4.2.</b>
2020-02-05 22:44:52 +08:00
FaaS函数即服务
</a>
<ul class="articles">
<li class="chapter " data-level="8.4.2.1" data-path="../usecases/openfaas-quick-start.html">
<a href="../usecases/openfaas-quick-start.html">
<b>8.4.2.1.</b>
OpenFaaS 快速入门指南
</a>
</li>
</ul>
2020-02-05 22:44:52 +08:00
</li>
<li class="chapter " data-level="8.4.3" data-path="../usecases/knative.html">
2020-02-05 22:44:52 +08:00
<a href="../usecases/knative.html">
<b>8.4.3.</b>
2020-02-05 22:44:52 +08:00
Knative
</a>
</li>
</ul>
</li>
<li class="chapter " data-level="8.5" data-path="../usecases/edge-computing.html">
2020-04-22 18:16:43 +08:00
<a href="../usecases/edge-computing.html">
<b>8.5.</b>
2020-04-22 18:16:43 +08:00
边缘计算
</a>
</li>
<li class="chapter " data-level="8.6" data-path="../usecases/ai.html">
<a href="../usecases/ai.html">
<b>8.6.</b>
人工智能
</a>
</li>
<li class="chapter " data-level="8.7" data-path="../usecases/observability.html">
<a href="../usecases/observability.html">
<b>8.7.</b>
可观察性
</a>
</li>
<li class="header">开发指南</li>
<li class="chapter " data-level="9.1" data-path="../develop/">
<a href="../develop/">
<b>9.1.</b>
开发指南概览
</a>
</li>
<li class="chapter " data-level="9.2" data-path="../develop/sigs-and-working-group.html">
<a href="../develop/sigs-and-working-group.html">
<b>9.2.</b>
SIG 和工作组
</a>
</li>
<li class="chapter " data-level="9.3" data-path="../develop/developing-environment.html">
<a href="../develop/developing-environment.html">
<b>9.3.</b>
开发环境搭建
</a>
2018-11-26 17:18:36 +08:00
<ul class="articles">
<li class="chapter " data-level="9.3.1" data-path="../develop/using-vagrant-and-virtualbox-for-development.html">
<a href="../develop/using-vagrant-and-virtualbox-for-development.html">
<b>9.3.1.</b>
本地分布式开发环境搭建(使用 Vagrant 和 Virtualbox
</a>
</li>
2018-11-26 17:18:36 +08:00
</ul>
</li>
<li class="chapter " data-level="9.4" data-path="../develop/testing.html">
<a href="../develop/testing.html">
<b>9.4.</b>
单元测试和集成测试
</a>
</li>
<li class="chapter " data-level="9.5" data-path="../develop/client-go-sample.html">
<a href="../develop/client-go-sample.html">
<b>9.5.</b>
client-go 示例
</a>
</li>
<li class="chapter " data-level="9.6" data-path="../develop/operator.html">
<a href="../develop/operator.html">
<b>9.6.</b>
Operator
</a>
2018-11-26 17:18:36 +08:00
<ul class="articles">
<li class="chapter " data-level="9.6.1" data-path="../develop/operator-sdk.html">
<a href="../develop/operator-sdk.html">
<b>9.6.1.</b>
operator-sdk
</a>
</li>
2018-11-26 17:18:36 +08:00
</ul>
</li>
<li class="chapter " data-level="9.7" data-path="../develop/kubebuilder.html">
2018-11-26 17:18:36 +08:00
<a href="../develop/kubebuilder.html">
<b>9.7.</b>
2018-11-26 17:18:36 +08:00
kubebuilder
</a>
<ul class="articles">
<li class="chapter " data-level="9.7.1" data-path="../develop/kubebuilder-example.html">
<a href="../develop/kubebuilder-example.html">
<b>9.7.1.</b>
使用 kubebuilder 创建 operator 示例
</a>
</li>
</ul>
2018-11-26 17:18:36 +08:00
</li>
<li class="chapter " data-level="9.8" data-path="../develop/advance-developer.html">
<a href="../develop/advance-developer.html">
<b>9.8.</b>
高级开发指南
</a>
</li>
<li class="chapter " data-level="9.9" data-path="../develop/contribute.html">
<a href="../develop/contribute.html">
<b>9.9.</b>
社区贡献
</a>
</li>
<li class="chapter " data-level="9.10" data-path="../develop/minikube.html">
<a href="../develop/minikube.html">
<b>9.10.</b>
Minikube
</a>
</li>
<li class="header">社区及生态</li>
2019-04-12 00:03:10 +08:00
<li class="chapter " data-level="10.1" data-path="cncf.html">
2019-04-12 00:03:10 +08:00
<a href="cncf.html">
<b>10.1.</b>
2019-04-12 00:03:10 +08:00
云原生计算基金会CNCF
2019-04-12 00:03:10 +08:00
</a>
<ul class="articles">
2019-04-12 00:03:10 +08:00
<li class="chapter " data-level="10.1.1" data-path="cncf-charter.html">
2019-04-12 00:03:10 +08:00
<a href="cncf-charter.html">
<b>10.1.1.</b>
2019-04-12 00:03:10 +08:00
CNCF 章程
2019-04-12 00:03:10 +08:00
</a>
</li>
<li class="chapter " data-level="10.1.2" data-path="cncf-sig.html">
2019-04-12 00:03:10 +08:00
<a href="cncf-sig.html">
<b>10.1.2.</b>
2019-04-12 00:03:10 +08:00
CNCF 特别兴趣小组SIG说明
2019-04-12 00:03:10 +08:00
</a>
</li>
<li class="chapter " data-level="10.1.3" data-path="cncf-sandbox-criteria.html">
2019-04-12 00:03:10 +08:00
2019-04-15 19:38:27 +08:00
<a href="cncf-sandbox-criteria.html">
2019-04-12 00:03:10 +08:00
<b>10.1.3.</b>
2019-04-12 00:03:10 +08:00
开源项目加入 CNCF Sandbox 的要求
2019-04-15 19:38:27 +08:00
</a>
</li>
<li class="chapter " data-level="10.1.4" data-path="cncf-project-governing.html">
2019-04-15 19:38:27 +08:00
<a href="cncf-project-governing.html">
<b>10.1.4.</b>
2019-04-15 19:38:27 +08:00
CNCF 中的项目治理
2019-04-12 00:03:10 +08:00
</a>
2019-09-21 20:08:21 +08:00
</li>
<li class="chapter " data-level="10.1.5" data-path="cncf-ambassador.html">
2019-09-21 20:08:21 +08:00
<a href="cncf-ambassador.html">
<b>10.1.5.</b>
2019-09-21 20:08:21 +08:00
CNCF Ambassador
</a>
</li>
</ul>
</li>
<li class="chapter " data-level="10.2" data-path="cnc.html">
<a href="cnc.html">
<b>10.2.</b>
云原生社区
</a>
2019-04-12 00:03:10 +08:00
</li>
<li class="chapter " data-level="10.3" data-path="certification.html">
<a href="certification.html">
<b>10.3.</b>
认证及培训
</a>
<ul class="articles">
<li class="chapter " data-level="10.3.1" data-path="../appendix/about-kcsp.html">
<a href="../appendix/about-kcsp.html">
<b>10.3.1.</b>
认证 Kubernetes 服务提供商KCSP说明
</a>
</li>
<li class="chapter " data-level="10.3.2" data-path="../appendix/about-cka-candidate.html">
<a href="../appendix/about-cka-candidate.html">
<b>10.3.2.</b>
认证 Kubernetes 管理员CKA说明
</a>
</li>
</ul>
</li>
2019-04-12 00:03:10 +08:00
<li class="header">附录</li>
<li class="chapter " data-level="11.1" data-path="../appendix/">
<a href="../appendix/">
<b>11.1.</b>
附录说明
</a>
</li>
<li class="chapter " data-level="11.2" data-path="../appendix/debug-kubernetes-services.html">
<a href="../appendix/debug-kubernetes-services.html">
<b>11.2.</b>
Kubernetes 中的应用故障排查
</a>
</li>
<li class="chapter " data-level="11.3" data-path="../appendix/material-share.html">
<a href="../appendix/material-share.html">
<b>11.3.</b>
Kubernetes 相关资讯和情报链接
</a>
</li>
<li class="chapter " data-level="11.4" data-path="../appendix/docker-best-practice.html">
<a href="../appendix/docker-best-practice.html">
<b>11.4.</b>
Docker 最佳实践
</a>
</li>
<li class="chapter " data-level="11.5" data-path="../appendix/tricks.html">
<a href="../appendix/tricks.html">
<b>11.5.</b>
使用技巧
</a>
</li>
<li class="chapter " data-level="11.6" data-path="../appendix/issues.html">
<a href="../appendix/issues.html">
<b>11.6.</b>
问题记录
</a>
</li>
<li class="chapter " data-level="11.7" data-path="../appendix/kubernetes-changelog.html">
<a href="../appendix/kubernetes-changelog.html">
<b>11.7.</b>
Kubernetes 版本更新日志
</a>
</li>
<li class="chapter " data-level="11.8" data-path="../appendix/summary-and-outlook.html">
<a href="../appendix/summary-and-outlook.html">
<b>11.8.</b>
Kubernetes 及云原生年度总结及展望
</a>
<ul class="articles">
<li class="chapter " data-level="11.8.1" data-path="../appendix/kubernetes-and-cloud-native-summary-in-2017-and-outlook-for-2018.html">
<a href="../appendix/kubernetes-and-cloud-native-summary-in-2017-and-outlook-for-2018.html">
<b>11.8.1.</b>
Kubernetes 与云原生 2017 年年终总结及 2018 年展望
</a>
</li>
<li class="chapter " data-level="11.8.2" data-path="../appendix/kubernetes-and-cloud-native-summary-in-2018-and-outlook-for-2019.html">
<a href="../appendix/kubernetes-and-cloud-native-summary-in-2018-and-outlook-for-2019.html">
<b>11.8.2.</b>
Kubernetes 与云原生 2018 年年终总结及 2019 年展望
</a>
</li>
</ul>
</li>
<li class="chapter " data-level="11.9" data-path="../appendix/cncf-annual-report.html">
2019-02-13 20:15:35 +08:00
<a href="../appendix/cncf-annual-report.html">
<b>11.9.</b>
CNCF 年度报告解读
2019-02-13 20:15:35 +08:00
</a>
<ul class="articles">
<li class="chapter " data-level="11.9.1" data-path="../appendix/cncf-annual-report-2018.html">
2019-02-13 20:15:35 +08:00
<a href="../appendix/cncf-annual-report-2018.html">
<b>11.9.1.</b>
2019-02-13 20:15:35 +08:00
CNCF 2018 年年度报告解读
2019-02-13 20:15:35 +08:00
</a>
</li>
<li class="chapter " data-level="11.9.2" data-path="../appendix/cncf-annual-report-2020.html">
<a href="../appendix/cncf-annual-report-2020.html">
<b>11.9.2.</b>
CNCF 2020 年年度报告解读
</a>
2019-02-13 20:15:35 +08:00
</li>
</ul>
</li>
<li class="divider"></li>
<li>
<a href="https://www.gitbook.com" target="blank" class="gitbook-link">
本书使用 GitBook 发布
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<a href=".." >云原生编程语言 Ballerina</a>
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<h1 id="&#x4E91;&#x539F;&#x751F;&#x7F16;&#x7A0B;&#x8BED;&#x8A00;-ballerina">&#x4E91;&#x539F;&#x751F;&#x7F16;&#x7A0B;&#x8BED;&#x8A00; Ballerina</h1>
<p>&#x5F53;&#x6211;&#x7B2C;&#x4E00;&#x773C;&#x770B;&#x5230; <a href="https://ballerina.io" target="_blank">Ballerina</a> &#x8FD8;&#x771F;&#x6709;&#x70B9;&#x60CA;&#x8273;&#x7684;&#x611F;&#x89C9;&#x3002;Ballerina &#x8FD9;&#x4E2A;&#x5355;&#x8BCD;&#x7684;&#x610F;&#x601D;&#x662F;&#x201C;&#x82AD;&#x857E;&#x821E;&#x5973;&#x6F14;&#x5458;&#x201D;&#x3002;&#x6211;&#x60F3;&#x4ED6;&#x4EEC;&#x4E4B;&#x6240;&#x4EE5;&#x7ED9;&#x516C;&#x53F8;&#x548C;&#x8FD9;&#x4EEC;&#x8BED;&#x8A00;&#x8D77;&#x8FD9;&#x4E2A;&#x540D;&#x5B57;&#xFF0C;&#x53EF;&#x80FD;&#x662F;&#x5E0C;&#x671B;&#x5B83;&#x6210;&#x4E3A;&#x4E91;&#x539F;&#x751F;&#x8FD9;&#x4E2A;&#x5927;&#x821E;&#x53F0;&#x4E2D;&#xFF0C;Ballerina &#x80FD;&#x50CF;&#x4E00;&#x4E2A;&#x7075;&#x6D3B;&#x7684;&#x82AD;&#x857E;&#x821E;&#x8005;&#x4E00;&#x6837;&#x8F7B;&#x677E;&#x81EA;&#x5982;&#x5427;&#xFF01;</p>
2019-11-01 11:48:10 +08:00
<p>Ballerina &#x662F;&#x4E00;&#x6B3E;&#x5F00;&#x6E90;&#x7684;&#x7F16;&#x8BD1;&#x5F0F;&#x7684;&#x5F3A;&#x7C7B;&#x578B;&#x8BED;&#x8A00;&#xFF0C;&#x8BE5;&#x8BED;&#x8A00;&#x672C;&#x8EAB;&#x7684;&#x4EE3;&#x7801;&#x53EF;&#x4EE5;&#x901A;&#x8FC7; <a href="https://github.com/ballerina-platform/ballerina-lang" target="_blank">GitHub</a> &#x4E0A;&#x83B7;&#x53D6;&#x3002;&#x6211;&#x4EEC;&#x53EF;&#x4EE5;&#x901A;&#x8FC7; Ballerina &#x5B98;&#x7F51;&#x4E0A;&#x7684;&#x8BBE;&#x8BA1;&#x54F2;&#x5B66;&#x9875;&#x9762;&#x6765;&#x5BF9;&#x8FD9;&#x95E8;&#x4E91;&#x539F;&#x751F;&#x7F16;&#x7A0B;&#x8BED;&#x8A00;&#x4E00;&#x63A2;&#x7A76;&#x7ADF;&#x3002;</p>
<figure id="fig2.7.1.1"><a href="../images/philosophy-page-diagrams-top.png" data-lightbox="86b76f7d-d0a2-450f-a2b8-f91fbb82b968" data-title="&#x4E91;&#x539F;&#x751F;&#x7F16;&#x7A0B;&#x8BED;&#x8A00;ballerina"><img src="../images/philosophy-page-diagrams-top.png" alt="&#x4E91;&#x539F;&#x751F;&#x7F16;&#x7A0B;&#x8BED;&#x8A00;ballerina"></a><figcaption>&#x56FE; 2.7.1.1&#xFF1A;&#x4E91;&#x539F;&#x751F;&#x7F16;&#x7A0B;&#x8BED;&#x8A00;ballerina</figcaption></figure>
<p>&#x672A;&#x6765;&#x7684;&#x5E94;&#x7528;&#x7A0B;&#x5E8F;&#x5E94;&#x8BE5;&#x662F;&#x57FA;&#x4E8E; API &#x7684;&#xFF0C;&#x800C;&#x4F17;&#x591A; API &#x4E4B;&#x95F4;&#x7684;&#x901A;&#x8BAF;&#x548C;&#x96C6;&#x6210;&#x5C31;&#x6210;&#x4E86;&#x5173;&#x952E;&#x95EE;&#x9898;&#x3002;Ballerina &#x662F;&#x4E00;&#x6B3E;&#x4F7F;&#x7528;&#x6587;&#x672C;&#x548C;&#x56FE;&#x5F62;&#x8BED;&#x6CD5;&#x7F16;&#x8BD1;&#x7684;&#x3001;&#x4E8B;&#x52A1;&#x7684;&#x3001;&#x9759;&#x6001;&#x548C;&#x5F3A;&#x7C7B;&#x578B;&#x7F16;&#x7A0B;&#x8BED;&#x8A00;&#x3002;Ballerina &#x5305;&#x542B;&#x5206;&#x5E03;&#x5F0F;&#x7CFB;&#x7EDF;&#x96C6;&#x6210;&#x5230;&#x8BED;&#x8A00;&#x7684;&#x57FA;&#x672C;&#x6982;&#x5FF5;&#xFF0C;&#x5E76;&#x63D0;&#x4F9B;&#x7C7B;&#x578B;&#x5B89;&#x5168;&#xFF0C;&#x5E76;&#x53D1;&#x73AF;&#x5883;&#x4E0B;&#x5B9E;&#x73B0;&#x7684;&#x5206;&#x5E03;&#x5F0F;&#x4E8B;&#x52A1;&#xFF0C;&#x53EF;&#x9760;&#x7684;&#x6D88;&#x606F;&#x4F20;&#x9012;&#xFF0C;&#x6D41;&#x5904;&#x7406;&#x548C;&#x5DE5;&#x4F5C;&#x6D41;&#x3002;</p>
<h2 id="&#x4E3A;&#x4EC0;&#x4E48;&#x521B;&#x5EFA;-ballerina&#xFF1F;">&#x4E3A;&#x4EC0;&#x4E48;&#x521B;&#x5EFA; Ballerina&#xFF1F;</h2>
<p>&#x4E0E; ESB &#x96C6;&#x6210;&#x4ECD;&#x7136;&#x662F;&#x7011;&#x5E03;&#x5F0F;&#x5F00;&#x53D1;&#x3002;&#x4F60;&#x5FC5;&#x987B;&#x90E8;&#x7F72;&#x670D;&#x52A1;&#x5668;&#xFF0C;&#x914D;&#x7F6E;&#x8FDE;&#x63A5;&#x5668;&#xFF0C;&#x4F7F;&#x7528; XML &#x7F16;&#x7A0B;&#x670D;&#x52A1;&#x903B;&#x8F91;&#x4EE5;&#x53CA;&#x4F7F;&#x7528; XPath &#x67E5;&#x8BE2;&#x548C;&#x8F6C;&#x6362;&#x6570;&#x636E;&#x3002;&#x8FD9;&#x4E0D;&#x662F;&#x5F00;&#x53D1;&#x8005;&#x53CB;&#x597D;&#x7684;&#x3002;</p>
<p>&#x5E26;&#x6709; Spring &#x548C; Node.js &#x7B49;&#x6846;&#x67B6;&#x7684;&#x7F16;&#x7A0B;&#x8BED;&#x8A00;&#x63D0;&#x4F9B;&#x4E86;&#x7075;&#x6D3B;&#x6027;&#xFF0C;&#x4F46;&#x662F;&#x5B83;&#x6CA1;&#x6709;&#x4F7F;&#x9002;&#x5408;&#x4E8E;&#x5E8F;&#x5217;&#x5E76;&#x884C;&#x5316;&#x3001;&#x5E76;&#x53D1;&#x6A21;&#x578B;&#x7F16;&#x7A0B;&#x7684;&#x5206;&#x5E03;&#x5F0F;&#x7CFB;&#x7EDF;&#x7ED3;&#x6784;&#x53D8;&#x5F97;&#x7B80;&#x5355;&#x3002;</p>
<p>ESB&#x3001;EAI&#x3001;BPM &#x548C; DSL &#x9700;&#x8981; XML &#x548C;&#x914D;&#x7F6E;&#x6765;&#x4E2D;&#x65AD;&#x8FED;&#x4EE3;&#x5F00;&#x53D1;&#x6D41;&#x7A0B;&#xFF1A;&#x7F16;&#x8F91;&#x3001;&#x6784;&#x5EFA;&#x3001;&#x8FD0;&#x884C;&#x548C;&#x6D4B;&#x8BD5;&#x3002;&#x8FD9;&#x4E0E;&#x8FD0;&#x884C;&#x5B9E;&#x9645;&#x5E94;&#x7528;&#x4E4B;&#x95F4;&#x662F;&#x6709;&#x4E00;&#x6761;&#x9E3F;&#x6C9F;&#x7684;&#xFF0C;&#x800C;&#x4E91;&#x539F;&#x751F;&#x7F16;&#x7A0B;&#x8BED;&#x8A00; Ballerina &#x7684;&#x51FA;&#x73B0;&#x5C31;&#x662F;&#x4E3A;&#x4E86;&#x89E3;&#x51B3;&#x8FD9;&#x6761;&#x201C;&#x96C6;&#x6210;&#x9E3F;&#x6C9F;&#x201D;&#x7684;&#x3002;</p>
<h2 id="ballerina-&#x8BBE;&#x8BA1;&#x7406;&#x5FF5;">Ballerina &#x8BBE;&#x8BA1;&#x7406;&#x5FF5;</h2>
<h3 id="&#x5E8F;&#x5217;&#x56FE;">&#x5E8F;&#x5217;&#x56FE;</h3>
<figure id="fig2.7.1.2"><a href="../images/philosophy-principle-diagrams-01.png" data-lightbox="86123d7f-e5ff-4bdc-a361-62b00affaa31" data-title="&#x4E91;&#x539F;&#x751F;&#x7F16;&#x7A0B;&#x8BED;&#x8A00;Ballerina&#x7684;&#x5E8F;&#x5217;&#x56FE;&#x8BBE;&#x8BA1;&#x7406;&#x5FF5;"><img src="../images/philosophy-principle-diagrams-01.png" alt="&#x4E91;&#x539F;&#x751F;&#x7F16;&#x7A0B;&#x8BED;&#x8A00;Ballerina&#x7684;&#x5E8F;&#x5217;&#x56FE;&#x8BBE;&#x8BA1;&#x7406;&#x5FF5;"></a><figcaption>&#x56FE; 2.7.1.2&#xFF1A;&#x4E91;&#x539F;&#x751F;&#x7F16;&#x7A0B;&#x8BED;&#x8A00;Ballerina&#x7684;&#x5E8F;&#x5217;&#x56FE;&#x8BBE;&#x8BA1;&#x7406;&#x5FF5;</figcaption></figure>
<p><strong>&#x8BED;&#x8A00;&#x7075;&#x611F;</strong></p>
<p>&#x5E8F;&#x5217;&#x56FE;&#x53CD;&#x6620;&#x4E86;&#x8BBE;&#x8BA1;&#x5F00;&#x53D1;&#x4EBA;&#x5458;&#x8BB0;&#x5F55;&#x7684;&#x4E92;&#x8054;&#x7684;&#x7CFB;&#x7EDF;&#x3002;Ballerina &#x7684;&#x8BED;&#x6CD5;&#x548C;&#x9AD8;&#x6548;&#x7684;&#x7F16;&#x7801;&#x6A21;&#x5F0F;&#x8981;&#x6C42;&#x5F00;&#x53D1;&#x4EBA;&#x5458;&#x4F7F;&#x7528;&#x5F3A;&#x5927;&#x7684;&#x4EA4;&#x4E92;&#x6700;&#x4F73;&#x5B9E;&#x8DF5;&#x6765;&#x7F16;&#x7801;&#x3002;</p>
<p><strong>&#x5E8F;&#x5217;&#x56FE;&#x53EF;&#x89C6;&#x5316;</strong></p>
<p>Ballerina &#x7684;&#x8BED;&#x8A00;&#x8BED;&#x4E49;&#x6A21;&#x578B;&#x65E8;&#x5728;&#x5B9A;&#x4E49;&#x72EC;&#x7ACB;&#x7684;&#x5404;&#x65B9;&#x5982;&#x4F55;&#x901A;&#x8FC7;&#x7ED3;&#x6784;&#x5316;&#x7684;&#x4EA4;&#x4E92;&#x6C9F;&#x901A;&#x3002;&#x63A5;&#x7740;&#xFF0C;&#x6BCF;&#x4E2A; Ballerina &#x7A0B;&#x5E8F;&#x90FD;&#x53EF;&#x4EE5;&#x663E;&#x793A;&#x4E3A;&#x5176;&#x6D41;&#x7A0B;&#x7684;&#x5E8F;&#x5217;&#x56FE;&#x3002;IntelliJ &#x548C; VS Code &#x7684;&#x63D2;&#x4EF6;&#x4E2D;&#x63D0;&#x4F9B;&#x4E86;&#x8FD9;&#x4E9B;&#x53EF;&#x89C6;&#x5316;&#x3002;Ballerina Composer &#x662F;&#x4E00;&#x6B3E;&#x901A;&#x8FC7;&#x5E8F;&#x5217;&#x56FE;&#x521B;&#x5EFA; Ballerina &#x670D;&#x52A1;&#x7684;&#x5DE5;&#x5177;&#x3002;</p>
<p><strong>Actor &#x4E0E; action</strong></p>
<p>&#x5BA2;&#x6237;&#x7AEF;&#x3001;worker &#x548C;&#x8FDC;&#x7A0B;&#x7CFB;&#x7EDF;&#x5728; Ballerina &#x7684;&#x5E8F;&#x5217;&#x56FE;&#x4E2D;&#x4EE5;&#x4E0D;&#x540C;&#x7684; actor &#x8868;&#x793A;&#x3002;&#x5728;&#x4EE3;&#x7801;&#x4E2D;&#xFF0C;&#x8FDC;&#x7A0B;&#x7AEF;&#x70B9;&#x901A;&#x8FC7;&#x8FDE;&#x63A5;&#x5668;&#x8FDB;&#x884C;&#x8FDE;&#x63A5;&#xFF0C;&#x8FDE;&#x63A5;&#x5668;&#x63D0;&#x4F9B;&#x7C7B;&#x578B;&#x5B89;&#x5168;&#x64CD;&#x4F5C;&#x3002;&#x5728;&#x56FE;&#x5F62;&#x4E0A;&#xFF0C;&#x6BCF;&#x4E2A;&#x8FDE;&#x63A5;&#x5668;&#x5728;&#x5E8F;&#x5217;&#x56FE;&#x4E2D;&#x8868;&#x793A;&#x4E3A;&#x4E00;&#x4E2A; actor&#xFF08;&#x5373;&#x4E00;&#x6761;&#x5782;&#x76F4;&#x7EBF;&#xFF09;&#xFF0C;action &#x8868;&#x793A;&#x4E3A;&#x4E0E;&#x8FD9;&#x4E9B;actor &#x7684;&#x4EA4;&#x4E92;&#x3002;</p>
<h3 id="&#x5E76;&#x53D1;">&#x5E76;&#x53D1;</h3>
<figure id="fig2.7.1.3"><a href="../images/philosophy-principle-diagrams-02.png" data-lightbox="bdb4520b-7082-4239-a6bb-47c8d3ef69dc" data-title="&#x4E91;&#x539F;&#x751F;&#x7F16;&#x7A0B;&#x8BED;&#x8A00;Ballerina&#x7684;&#x5E76;&#x53D1;&#x7406;&#x5FF5;"><img src="../images/philosophy-principle-diagrams-02.png" alt="&#x4E91;&#x539F;&#x751F;&#x7F16;&#x7A0B;&#x8BED;&#x8A00;Ballerina&#x7684;&#x5E76;&#x53D1;&#x7406;&#x5FF5;"></a><figcaption>&#x56FE; 2.7.1.3&#xFF1A;&#x4E91;&#x539F;&#x751F;&#x7F16;&#x7A0B;&#x8BED;&#x8A00;Ballerina&#x7684;&#x5E76;&#x53D1;&#x7406;&#x5FF5;</figcaption></figure>
<p><strong>&#x5E8F;&#x5217;&#x56FE;&#x548C;&#x5E76;&#x53D1;</strong></p>
<p>Ballerina &#x7684;&#x5E76;&#x53D1;&#x6A21;&#x578B;&#x662F;&#x5E76;&#x884C;&#x4F18;&#x5148;&#x7684;&#xFF0C;&#x56E0;&#x4E3A;&#x4E0E;&#x8FDC;&#x7A0B;&#x65B9;&#x7684;&#x4EA4;&#x4E92;&#x603B;&#x662F;&#x6D89;&#x53CA;&#x591A;&#x4E2A; worker&#x3002;Worker &#x4E4B;&#x95F4;&#x7684;&#x4EA4;&#x4E92;&#x4F5C;&#x4E3A;&#x6D88;&#x606F;&#x4F20;&#x9012;&#x8FDB;&#x884C;&#x5904;&#x7406;&#xFF0C;&#x5B83;&#x4EEC;&#x4E4B;&#x95F4;&#x6CA1;&#x6709;&#x5171;&#x4EAB;&#x72B6;&#x6001;&#x3002;</p>
<p><strong>Worker &#x8BED;&#x4E49;</strong></p>
2018-06-12 10:11:28 +08:00
<p>Ballerina &#x7684;&#x6267;&#x884C;&#x6A21;&#x578B;&#x7531;&#x79F0;&#x4E3A; worker &#x7684;&#x8F7B;&#x91CF;&#x7EA7;&#x5E76;&#x884C;&#x6267;&#x884C;&#x5355;&#x5143;&#x7EC4;&#x6210;&#x3002;Worker &#x4F7F;&#x7528;&#x975E;&#x963B;&#x585E;&#x7B56;&#x7565;&#x6765;&#x786E;&#x4FDD;&#x6CA1;&#x6709;&#x51FD;&#x6570;&#x9501;&#x5B9A;&#x6B63;&#x5728;&#x6267;&#x884C;&#x7684;&#x7EBF;&#x7A0B;&#xFF0C;&#x4F8B;&#x5982;&#x7B49;&#x5F85;&#x54CD;&#x5E94;&#x7684; HTTP I/O&#x8C03;&#x7528;&#x3002;</p>
<p><strong>&#x7F16;&#x7A0B;&#x6A21;&#x578B;</strong></p>
<p>Worker &#x548C; fork/join &#x8BED;&#x4E49;&#x62BD;&#x8C61;&#x4E86;&#x5E95;&#x5C42;&#x975E;&#x963B;&#x585E;&#x65B9;&#x6CD5;&#xFF0C;&#x4EE5;&#x542F;&#x7528;&#x66F4;&#x7B80;&#x5355;&#x7684;&#x5E76;&#x53D1;&#x7F16;&#x7A0B;&#x6A21;&#x578B;&#x3002;</p>
<h3 id="&#x7C7B;&#x578B;&#x7CFB;&#x7EDF;">&#x7C7B;&#x578B;&#x7CFB;&#x7EDF;</h3>
<p>&#x4E0B;&#x9762;&#x662F; Ballerina &#x4E2D;&#x652F;&#x6301;&#x7684;&#x7C7B;&#x578B;&#x3002;</p>
<pre class="language-"><code class="lang-java">any anything<span class="token punctuation">;</span>
<span class="token keyword">int</span> integer <span class="token operator">=</span> <span class="token number">0</span><span class="token punctuation">;</span>
<span class="token keyword">float</span> floatingPoint <span class="token operator">=</span> <span class="token number">0.0</span><span class="token punctuation">;</span>
<span class="token keyword">boolean</span> b <span class="token operator">=</span> <span class="token boolean">true</span><span class="token punctuation">;</span>
string hi <span class="token operator">=</span> <span class="token string">&quot;hello&quot;</span><span class="token punctuation">;</span>
blob bl <span class="token operator">=</span> hi<span class="token punctuation">.</span><span class="token function">toBlob</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token string">&quot;UTF-8&quot;</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">;</span>
json jsonNative <span class="token operator">=</span> <span class="token punctuation">{</span> a<span class="token operator">:</span> <span class="token string">&quot;hello&quot;</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span> b<span class="token operator">:</span> <span class="token number">5</span> <span class="token punctuation">}</span><span class="token punctuation">;</span>
2019-10-08 09:57:05 +08:00
xml x <span class="token operator">=</span> xml `<span class="token generics"><span class="token punctuation">&lt;</span>ballerina<span class="token punctuation">&gt;</span></span>
<span class="token generics"><span class="token punctuation">&lt;</span>supports<span class="token punctuation">&gt;</span></span>XML natively<span class="token operator">&lt;</span><span class="token operator">/</span>supports<span class="token operator">&gt;</span>
<span class="token operator">&lt;</span><span class="token operator">/</span>ballerina<span class="token operator">&gt;</span>`<span class="token punctuation">;</span>
string<span class="token punctuation">[</span><span class="token punctuation">]</span> stringArray <span class="token operator">=</span> <span class="token punctuation">[</span><span class="token string">&quot;hi&quot;</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span> <span class="token string">&quot;there&quot;</span><span class="token punctuation">]</span><span class="token punctuation">;</span>
<span class="token keyword">int</span><span class="token punctuation">[</span><span class="token punctuation">]</span><span class="token punctuation">[</span><span class="token punctuation">]</span> arrayOfArrays <span class="token operator">=</span> <span class="token punctuation">[</span><span class="token punctuation">[</span><span class="token number">1</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span><span class="token number">2</span><span class="token punctuation">]</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span><span class="token punctuation">[</span><span class="token number">3</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span><span class="token number">4</span><span class="token punctuation">]</span><span class="token punctuation">]</span><span class="token punctuation">;</span>
json <span class="token operator">|</span> xml <span class="token operator">|</span> string unionType<span class="token punctuation">;</span>
<span class="token punctuation">(</span>string<span class="token punctuation">,</span> <span class="token keyword">int</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span> tuple <span class="token operator">=</span> <span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token string">&quot;hello&quot;</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span> <span class="token number">5</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">;</span>
2018-09-25 22:13:40 +08:00
<span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span> n <span class="token operator">=</span> <span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">;</span> <span class="token comment">// the empty tuple acts as &quot;null&quot;</span>
string <span class="token operator">|</span> <span class="token keyword">int</span> stringOrInt <span class="token operator">=</span> <span class="token string">&quot;this is a union type&quot;</span><span class="token punctuation">;</span>
<span class="token keyword">int</span> <span class="token operator">|</span> <span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span> intOrNull <span class="token operator">=</span> <span class="token number">5</span><span class="token punctuation">;</span>
2019-10-08 09:57:05 +08:00
<span class="token keyword">var</span> inferred <span class="token operator">=</span> <span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token string">&quot;hello&quot;</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span> <span class="token number">5</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">;</span>
map<span class="token generics"><span class="token punctuation">&lt;</span><span class="token keyword">boolean</span><span class="token punctuation">&gt;</span></span> myMap <span class="token operator">=</span> <span class="token punctuation">{</span><span class="token string">&quot;ballerina&quot;</span><span class="token operator">:</span> <span class="token boolean">true</span><span class="token punctuation">}</span><span class="token punctuation">;</span>
type myRecord <span class="token punctuation">{</span> string a<span class="token punctuation">;</span> <span class="token keyword">int</span> b<span class="token punctuation">;</span> <span class="token punctuation">}</span><span class="token punctuation">;</span>
type myObject object <span class="token punctuation">{</span>
<span class="token keyword">public</span> <span class="token punctuation">{</span> string x<span class="token punctuation">;</span> <span class="token punctuation">}</span> <span class="token keyword">private</span> <span class="token punctuation">{</span> string y<span class="token punctuation">;</span> <span class="token punctuation">}</span>
<span class="token keyword">new</span> <span class="token punctuation">(</span>string xi<span class="token punctuation">,</span> string yi<span class="token punctuation">)</span> <span class="token punctuation">{</span> x <span class="token operator">=</span> xi<span class="token punctuation">;</span> y <span class="token operator">=</span> yi<span class="token punctuation">;</span> <span class="token punctuation">}</span>
function <span class="token function">getX</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span> returns <span class="token punctuation">(</span>string<span class="token punctuation">)</span> <span class="token punctuation">{</span> <span class="token keyword">return</span> x<span class="token punctuation">;</span> <span class="token punctuation">}</span>
<span class="token punctuation">}</span><span class="token punctuation">;</span>
</code></pre>
<p><strong>&#x7C7B;&#x578B;&#x5B89;&#x5168;</strong></p>
<p>Ballerina &#x6709;&#x4E00;&#x4E2A;&#x7ED3;&#x6784;&#x5316;&#x7684;&#x7C7B;&#x578B;&#x7CFB;&#x7EDF;&#xFF0C;&#x5305;&#x62EC; primitive&#x3001;recored&#x3001;object&#x3001;tuple &#x548C; union &#x7C7B;&#x578B;&#x3002;&#x8BE5;&#x7C7B;&#x578B;&#x5B89;&#x5168;&#x6A21;&#x578B;&#x5728;&#x8D4B;&#x503C;&#x65F6;&#x5305;&#x542B;&#x4E86;&#x7C7B;&#x578B;&#x63A8;&#x65AD;&#xFF0C;&#x5E76;&#x4E3A;&#x8FDE;&#x63A5;&#x5668;&#x3001;&#x903B;&#x8F91;&#x548C;&#x7F51;&#x7EDC;&#x7ED1;&#x5B9A;&#x7684;&#x6709;&#x6548;&#x8D1F;&#x8F7D;&#x63D0;&#x4F9B;&#x4E86;&#x5927;&#x91CF;&#x7684;&#x7F16;&#x8BD1;&#x65F6;&#x5B8C;&#x6574;&#x6027;&#x68C0;&#x67E5;&#x3002;</p>
<p><strong>Union &#x7C7B;&#x578B;&#x548C;&#x663E;&#x5F0F; Null</strong></p>
<p>&#x5404;&#x4E2A;&#x7F51;&#x7EDC;&#x7AEF;&#x70B9;&#x901A;&#x5E38;&#x4F1A;&#x6839;&#x636E;&#x5176;&#x8F93;&#x5165;&#x548C;&#x903B;&#x8F91;&#x8FD4;&#x56DE;&#x5177;&#x6709;&#x4E0D;&#x540C;&#x6709;&#x6548;&#x8D1F;&#x8F7D;&#x7C7B;&#x578B;&#x6D88;&#x606F;&#x6216; error&#x3002;Ballerina &#x7684;&#x7C7B;&#x578B;&#x7CFB;&#x7EDF;&#x91C7;&#x7528;&#x4E86;&#x57FA;&#x4E8E; union &#x7C7B;&#x578B;&#x7684;&#x65B9;&#x6CD5;&#x3002;Union &#x7C7B;&#x578B;&#x660E;&#x786E;&#x5730;&#x91C7;&#x7528;&#x4E86;&#x8FD9;&#x79CD;&#x8BED;&#x4E49;&#xFF0C;&#x4E0D;&#x9700;&#x8981;&#x5F00;&#x53D1;&#x4EBA;&#x5458;&#x521B;&#x5EFA;&#x4E0D;&#x5FC5;&#x8981;&#x7684;&#x201C;&#x5305;&#x88C5;&#x201D;&#x7C7B;&#x578B;&#x3002;&#x8FD9;&#x79CD;&#x65B9;&#x6CD5;&#x4E5F;&#x589E;&#x5F3A;&#x4E86;&#x5BF9; null &#x503C;&#x7684;&#x5904;&#x7406;&#x3002;&#x9ED8;&#x8BA4;&#x60C5;&#x51B5;&#x4E0B;&#xFF0C;&#x7C7B;&#x578B;&#x4E0D;&#x652F;&#x6301; null &#x503C;&#x3002;&#x5F00;&#x53D1;&#x4EBA;&#x5458;&#x5FC5;&#x987B;&#x660E;&#x786E;&#x521B;&#x5EFA; union &#x7C7B;&#x578B;&#x6765;&#x5904;&#x7406; null &#x503C;&#x3002;&#x7ED3;&#x679C;&#x662F; null &#x7684;&#x5F02;&#x5E38;&#x4E0D;&#x4F1A;&#x53D1;&#x751F;&#xFF0C;&#x5E76;&#x4E14;&#x8BED;&#x8A00;&#x8BED;&#x6CD5;&#x548C;&#x7F16;&#x8BD1;&#x5668;&#x4F1A;&#x8BC6;&#x522B;&#x662F;&#x5426;&#x9700;&#x8981; null &#x5904;&#x7406;&#x903B;&#x8F91;&#x3002;</p>
<p><strong>&#x5F02;&#x6784;&#x6570;&#x636E;&#x5904;&#x7406;</strong></p>
<p>Ballerina &#x7C7B;&#x578B;&#x7CFB;&#x7EDF;&#x5185;&#x7F6E;&#x4E30;&#x5BCC;&#x7684;&#x5BF9; JSON&#x3001;XML&#x3001;&#x6D41;&#x548C;&#x8868;&#x683C;&#x7684;&#x652F;&#x6301;&#x4EE5;&#x53CA;&#x5BF9; ProtoBuf &#x548C; gRPC &#x7684;&#x76F4;&#x63A5;&#x652F;&#x6301;&#x3002;&#x8FD9;&#x6837;&#x505A;&#x7684;&#x7ED3;&#x679C;&#x662F;&#x53EF;&#x4EE5;&#x83B7;&#x5F97;&#x5904;&#x7406;&#x7F51;&#x7EDC;&#x8D1F;&#x8F7D;&#x3001;SQL &#x7F16;&#x7A0B;&#x548C;&#x6D41;&#x5904;&#x7406;&#x7684;&#x5E72;&#x51C0;&#x53EF;&#x8BFB;&#x7684;&#x4EE3;&#x7801;&#x3002;&#x6570;&#x636E;&#x8F6C;&#x6362;&#x903B;&#x8F91;&#x4E0D;&#x53D7;&#x590D;&#x6742;&#x7684;&#x751F;&#x6210;&#x7C7B;&#x578B;&#x3001;&#x7B2C;&#x4E09;&#x65B9;&#x5E93;&#x4EE3;&#x7801;&#x6216;&#x5176;&#x4ED6;&#x6DF7;&#x6DC6;&#x56E0;&#x7D20;&#x7684;&#x5F71;&#x54CD;&#x2014;&#x2014;&#x7B80;&#x5355;&#x660E;&#x4E86;&#x7684;&#x53EF;&#x8BFB;&#x4EE3;&#x7801;&#x6355;&#x6349;&#x4E0E;&#x5F02;&#x6784;&#x6570;&#x636E;&#x548C;&#x8F6C;&#x6362;&#x903B;&#x8F91;&#x7684;&#x4EA4;&#x4E92;&#x3002;</p>
<h2 id="ballerina-&#x5982;&#x4F55;&#x5DE5;&#x4F5C;&#xFF1F;">Ballerina &#x5982;&#x4F55;&#x5DE5;&#x4F5C;&#xFF1F;</h2>
<p>Ballerina &#x7684;&#x8BED;&#x6CD5;&#x3001;&#x4EE3;&#x7801;&#x548C;&#x7F16;&#x8BD1;&#x5668;&#x521B;&#x5EFA;&#x4E86;&#x8FD0;&#x884C;&#x65F6;&#x670D;&#x52A1;&#x548C;&#x90E8;&#x7F72;&#x6784;&#x4EF6;&#xFF0C;&#x8FD9;&#x4E9B;&#x5DE5;&#x4EF6;&#x90FD;&#x662F;&#x4E91;&#x539F;&#x751F;&#x5C31;&#x7EEA;&#x7684;&#xFF0C;&#x60A8;&#x53EF;&#x4EE5;&#x9009;&#x62E9;&#x5C06;&#x5176;&#x90E8;&#x7F72;&#x5728; IaaS&#x3001;&#x7F16;&#x6392;&#x7CFB;&#x7EDF;&#x6216; service mesh &#x4E2D;&#x7684;&#x3002;&#x5F00;&#x53D1;&#x4EBA;&#x5458;&#x7684;&#x4F53;&#x9A8C;&#x65E8;&#x5728;&#x7EF4;&#x62A4;&#x6D41;&#x7A0B;&#xFF0C;&#x5305;&#x62EC;&#x5FEB;&#x901F;&#x7684;&#x7F16;&#x8F91;&#x3001;&#x6784;&#x5EFA;&#x3001;&#x8C03;&#x8BD5;&#x5468;&#x671F;&#x5E76;&#x96C6;&#x6210;&#x5230;&#x56E2;&#x961F;&#x7684;&#x751F;&#x547D;&#x5468;&#x671F;&#x5DE5;&#x5177;&#x94FE;&#x4E2D;&#x3002;</p>
<h3 id="&#x8FD0;&#x884C;&#x65F6;&#x67B6;&#x6784;">&#x8FD0;&#x884C;&#x65F6;&#x67B6;&#x6784;</h3>
<figure id="fig2.7.1.4"><a href="../images/philosophy-diagrams-for-site-02.png" data-lightbox="7731dd8c-f72c-47e9-9e68-e4835031852f" data-title="&#x4E91;&#x539F;&#x751F;&#x7F16;&#x7A0B;&#x8BED;&#x8A00;ballerina&#x8FD0;&#x884C;&#x65F6;&#x67B6;&#x6784;"><img src="../images/philosophy-diagrams-for-site-02.png" alt="&#x4E91;&#x539F;&#x751F;&#x7F16;&#x7A0B;&#x8BED;&#x8A00;ballerina&#x8FD0;&#x884C;&#x65F6;&#x67B6;&#x6784;"></a><figcaption>&#x56FE; 2.7.1.4&#xFF1A;&#x4E91;&#x539F;&#x751F;&#x7F16;&#x7A0B;&#x8BED;&#x8A00;ballerina&#x8FD0;&#x884C;&#x65F6;&#x67B6;&#x6784;</figcaption></figure>
<p><strong>Ballerina API &#x7F51;&#x5173;</strong></p>
<p>&#x5F3A;&#x5236;&#x6267;&#x884C;&#x8EAB;&#x4EFD;&#x7B56;&#x7565;&#x5E76;&#x4FDD;&#x8BC1;&#x6027;&#x80FD;&#x3002;&#x901A;&#x8FC7;&#x4EE3;&#x7801;&#x6CE8;&#x89E3;&#xFF08;&#x7C7B;&#x4F3C;&#x4E8E; Spring &#x4E2D;&#x7684;&#x6CE8;&#x89E3;&#xFF09;&#x8FDB;&#x884C;&#x914D;&#x7F6E;&#x548C;&#x90E8;&#x7F72;&#x3002;&#x53EF;&#x4EE5;&#x8FD0;&#x884C;&#x5D4C;&#x5165;&#x5F0F;&#x670D;&#x52A1;&#x3001;&#x4F5C;&#x4E3A;&#x7BA1;&#x7406;&#x591A;&#x4E2A;&#x670D;&#x52A1;&#x7684;&#x5BB9;&#x5668;&#x4EE3;&#x7406;&#x6216;&#x8005;&#x4F7F;&#x7528; API &#x7BA1;&#x7406;&#x89E3;&#x51B3;&#x65B9;&#x6848;&#xFF08;&#x5982; WSO2 API Manager&#xFF09;&#x3002;</p>
<p><strong>Ballerina service</strong></p>
<p>&#x8868;&#x793A;&#x60A8;&#x7684; API &#x548C;&#x6267;&#x884C;&#x903B;&#x8F91;&#x3002;&#x670D;&#x52A1;&#x901A;&#x8FC7;&#x4E0D;&#x540C;&#x7684;&#x534F;&#x8BAE;&#x8FD0;&#x884C;&#xFF0C;&#x5185;&#x90E8;&#x4EE3;&#x7801;&#x7ED3;&#x6784;&#x88AB;&#x7F16;&#x8BD1;&#x4E3A;&#x652F;&#x6301; OpenAPI &#x548C; Swagger &#x7684;API&#x63A5;&#x53E3;&#x3002;&#x670D;&#x52A1;&#x4E0E;&#x7AEF;&#x70B9;&#x8FDB;&#x884C;&#x901A;&#x4FE1;&#xFF0C;&#x65E0;&#x8BBA;&#x5B83;&#x4EEC;&#x662F;&#x8C03;&#x7528;&#x5BA2;&#x6237;&#x7AEF;&#x8FD8;&#x662F;&#x5176;&#x4ED6;&#x670D;&#x52A1;&#x3002;</p>
<p><strong>Ballerina bridge</strong></p>
<p>&#x5141;&#x8BB8;&#x4F20;&#x7EDF;&#x4EE3;&#x7801;&#x548C;&#x670D;&#x52A1;&#x53C2;&#x4E0E;&#x5206;&#x5E03;&#x5F0F;&#x4E8B;&#x52A1;&#x4E2D;&#x7684; Ballerina &#x670D;&#x52A1;&#x3002;Bridge &#x5C06;&#x60A8;&#x73B0;&#x6709;&#x670D;&#x52A1;&#x4E0E;&#x672C;&#x5730;&#x4EE3;&#x7406;&#x5305;&#x88C5;&#x8D77;&#x6765;&#xFF0C;&#x901A;&#x8FC7;&#x8C03;&#x7528; Ballerina &#x670D;&#x52A1;&#x53C2;&#x4E0E;&#x548C;&#x4EE3;&#x7406;&#x5206;&#x5E03;&#x5F0F;&#x4E8B;&#x52A1;&#x3002;</p>
<p><strong>&#x6D88;&#x606F;&#x4EE3;&#x7406;&#x3001;&#x4E8B;&#x52A1;&#x534F;&#x8C03;&#x8005;&#x548C;&#x8EAB;&#x4EFD;&#x4EE3;&#x7406;</strong></p>
<p>&#x4E3A;&#x53C2;&#x4E0E;&#x4E8B;&#x52A1;&#x3001;&#x4E8B;&#x4EF6;&#x9A71;&#x52A8;&#x7684;&#x901A;&#x4FE1;&#x548C;&#x4E3A;&#x8BA4;&#x8BC1;&#x6D41;&#x7A0B;&#x7684; Ballerina &#x670D;&#x52A1;&#x63D0;&#x4F9B;&#x4EE3;&#x7406;&#x57FA;&#x7840;&#x8BBE;&#x65BD;&#x529F;&#x80FD;&#x3002;&#x8FD9;&#x4E9B;&#x7EC4;&#x4EF6;&#x53EF;&#x4EE5;&#x5D4C;&#x5165;&#x5230;&#x5355;&#x4E2A;&#x670D;&#x52A1;&#x90E8;&#x7F72;&#x4E2D;&#x6216;&#x8005;&#x8FDB;&#x884C;&#x5355;&#x72EC;&#x90E8;&#x7F72;&#x548C;&#x6269;&#x5C55;&#x4EE5;&#x7BA1;&#x7406;&#x591A;&#x4E2A;&#x670D;&#x52A1;&#x3002;</p>
<h3 id="&#x90E8;&#x7F72;&#x67B6;&#x6784;">&#x90E8;&#x7F72;&#x67B6;&#x6784;</h3>
<figure id="fig2.7.1.5"><a href="../images/philosophy-diagrams-for-site-03.png" data-lightbox="39ad3a14-a9dc-4a79-908a-ce0d639e62e8" data-title="&#x4E91;&#x539F;&#x751F;&#x7F16;&#x7A0B;&#x8BED;&#x8A00;ballerina&#x90E8;&#x7F72;&#x67B6;&#x6784;&#x56FE;"><img src="../images/philosophy-diagrams-for-site-03.png" alt="&#x4E91;&#x539F;&#x751F;&#x7F16;&#x7A0B;&#x8BED;&#x8A00;ballerina&#x90E8;&#x7F72;&#x67B6;&#x6784;&#x56FE;"></a><figcaption>&#x56FE; 2.7.1.5&#xFF1A;&#x4E91;&#x539F;&#x751F;&#x7F16;&#x7A0B;&#x8BED;&#x8A00;ballerina&#x90E8;&#x7F72;&#x67B6;&#x6784;&#x56FE;</figcaption></figure>
<p><strong>IaaS</strong></p>
<p>&#x4F7F;&#x7528;&#x4EE3;&#x7801;&#x6CE8;&#x89E3;&#x548C;&#x6784;&#x5EFA;&#x7CFB;&#x7EDF;&#xFF0C;&#x53EF;&#x4EE5;&#x6253;&#x5305; Ballerina &#x670D;&#x52A1;&#x548C;&#x5176;&#x4ED6;&#x8FD0;&#x884C;&#x65F6;&#x7EC4;&#x4EF6;&#xFF08;&#x5982; API &#x7F51;&#x5173;&#xFF09;&#x4EE5;&#x90E8;&#x7F72;&#x5230;&#x4EFB;&#x4F55;&#x4E91;&#x539F;&#x751F;&#x73AF;&#x5883;&#x4E2D;&#x3002;&#x5728; IaaS &#x73AF;&#x5883;&#x4E2D;&#xFF0C;Ballerina &#x670D;&#x52A1;&#x53EF;&#x4EE5;&#x4EE5;&#x865A;&#x62DF;&#x673A;&#x6216;&#x5BB9;&#x5668;&#x7684;&#x65B9;&#x5F0F;&#x8FD0;&#x884C;&#xFF0C;&#x4E5F;&#x53EF;&#x4EE5;&#x5728;&#x6784;&#x5EFA;&#x671F;&#x95F4;&#x5C06;&#x955C;&#x50CF;&#x63A8;&#x9001;&#x5230; registry &#x4E2D;&#x3002;</p>
<p><strong>&#x7F16;&#x6392;&#x5668;</strong></p>
<p>&#x4EE3;&#x7801;&#x6CE8;&#x89E3;&#x4F1A;&#x89E6;&#x53D1;&#x7F16;&#x8BD1;&#x5668;&#x6269;&#x5C55;&#xFF0C;&#x4ECE;&#x800C;&#x4E3A;&#x4E0D;&#x540C;&#x7684;&#x7F16;&#x6392;&#x5668;&#xFF08;&#x5982; Kubernetes &#x6216; Cloud Foundry&#xFF09;&#x751F;&#x6210; Ballerina &#x7EC4;&#x4EF6;&#x7684;&#x5DE5;&#x4EF6;&#x5305;&#x3002;&#x4F9B;&#x5E94;&#x5546;&#x6216; DevOps &#x53EF;&#x4EE5;&#x6DFB;&#x52A0;&#x81EA;&#x5B9A;&#x4E49;&#x4EE3;&#x7801;&#x6CE8;&#x89E3;&#x4EE5;&#x751F;&#x6210;&#x7279;&#x5B9A;&#x4E8E;&#x73AF;&#x5883;&#x7684;&#x90E8;&#x7F72;&#xFF0C;&#x4F8B;&#x5982;&#x81EA;&#x5B9A;&#x4E49;&#x84DD;&#x8272;&#x90E8;&#x7F72;&#x7B97;&#x6CD5;&#x3002;</p>
<p><strong>Service mesh</strong></p>
<p>Ballerina &#x53EF;&#x4EE5;&#x9009;&#x62E9;&#x65AD;&#x8DEF;&#x5668;&#x548C;&#x4E8B;&#x52A1;&#x6D41;&#x7A0B;&#x903B;&#x8F91;&#x59D4;&#x6258;&#x7ED9;&#x50CF; Istio &#x6216; Envoy &#x8FD9;&#x6837;&#x7684; service mesh&#xFF08;&#x5982;&#x679C;&#x6709;&#x7684;&#x8BDD;&#xFF09;&#x3002;&#x5982;&#x679C;&#x6CA1;&#x6709; service mesh &#x7684;&#x8BDD;&#xFF0C;Ballerina &#x670D;&#x52A1;&#x5C06;&#x5D4C;&#x5165;&#x76F8;&#x5E94;&#x7684;&#x529F;&#x80FD;&#x3002;</p>
<h3 id="&#x751F;&#x547D;&#x5468;&#x671F;">&#x751F;&#x547D;&#x5468;&#x671F;</h3>
<figure id="fig2.7.1.6"><a href="../images/philosophy-diagrams-for-site-04.png" data-lightbox="df58d10f-1718-4e27-8d0b-26cfd41787f7" data-title="&#x4E91;&#x539F;&#x751F;&#x7F16;&#x7A0B;&#x8BED;&#x8A00;ballerina&#x751F;&#x547D;&#x5468;&#x671F;&#x67B6;&#x6784;&#x56FE;"><img src="../images/philosophy-diagrams-for-site-04.png" alt="&#x4E91;&#x539F;&#x751F;&#x7F16;&#x7A0B;&#x8BED;&#x8A00;ballerina&#x751F;&#x547D;&#x5468;&#x671F;&#x67B6;&#x6784;&#x56FE;"></a><figcaption>&#x56FE; 2.7.1.6&#xFF1A;&#x4E91;&#x539F;&#x751F;&#x7F16;&#x7A0B;&#x8BED;&#x8A00;ballerina&#x751F;&#x547D;&#x5468;&#x671F;&#x67B6;&#x6784;&#x56FE;</figcaption></figure>
<p><strong>Ballerina &#x5DE5;&#x5177;</strong></p>
<p>&#x4F7F;&#x7528;&#x6211;&#x4EEC;&#x7684;&#x8BED;&#x8A00;&#x670D;&#x52A1;&#x5668;&#x53EF;&#x4EE5;&#x5728; VS Code &#x548C; IntelliJ &#x4E2D;&#x83B7;&#x53D6;&#x81EA;&#x52A8;&#x8865;&#x5168;&#x548C;&#x8C03;&#x8BD5;&#x7B49;&#x667A;&#x80FD;&#x611F;&#x77E5;&#x3002;Ballerina &#x7684;&#x5173;&#x952E;&#x5B57;&#x548C;&#x8BED;&#x6CD5;&#x7ED3;&#x6784;&#x53EF;&#x4EE5;&#x7528;&#x5E8F;&#x5217;&#x56FE;&#x7684;&#x65B9;&#x5F0F;&#x6765;&#x8868;&#x793A;&#x3002;&#x4F7F;&#x7528; Ballerina Composer &#x53EF;&#x4EE5;&#x53EF;&#x89C6;&#x5316;&#x7684;&#x7F16;&#x8F91; Ballerina &#x4EE3;&#x7801;&#x3002;&#x53E6;&#x5916;&#x5B83;&#x4E5F;&#x53EF;&#x4EE5;&#x505A;&#x53EF;&#x89C6;&#x5316;&#x5F97;&#x8FD0;&#x884C;&#x65F6;&#x548C;&#x5F00;&#x53D1;&#x73AF;&#x5883;&#x8FFD;&#x8E2A;&#x3002;</p>
<p><strong>Ballerina &#x6784;&#x5EFA;</strong></p>
<p>&#x5C06;&#x670D;&#x52A1;&#x7F16;&#x8BD1;&#x4E3A;&#x7ECF;&#x8FC7;&#x4F18;&#x5316;&#x7684;&#x5B57;&#x8282;&#x7801;&#xFF0C;&#x4EE5;&#x4FBF;&#x4F7F;&#x7528;&#x5185;&#x5B58;&#x8C03;&#x4F18;&#x540E;&#x7684; BVM &#x8FD0;&#x884C;&#x3002;&#x63D0;&#x4F9B;&#x4E86;&#x4F7F;&#x7528;Testerina &#x7684;&#x9879;&#x76EE;&#x7ED3;&#x6784;&#x3001;&#x4F9D;&#x8D56;&#x7BA1;&#x7406;&#x3001;&#x5305;&#x7BA1;&#x7406;&#x548C;&#x5355;&#x5143;&#x6D4B;&#x8BD5;&#x3002;&#x6784;&#x5EFA;&#x9501;&#x53EF;&#x4EE5;&#x8F7B;&#x677E;&#x5730;&#x91CD;&#x65B0;&#x521B;&#x5EFA;&#x670D;&#x52A1;&#x548C;&#x90E8;&#x7F72;&#x3002;&#x751F;&#x6210;&#x53EF;&#x6267;&#x884C;&#x6587;&#x4EF6;&#xFF08;.balx&#xFF09;&#x6216;&#x5E93;&#xFF08;.balo&#xFF09;&#x3002;</p>
<p><strong>CI/CD</strong></p>
<p>&#x90E8;&#x7F72;&#x4EE3;&#x7801;&#x6CE8;&#x89E3;&#x4F1A;&#x89E6;&#x53D1;&#x6784;&#x5EFA;&#x6269;&#x5C55;&#xFF0C;&#x4ECE;&#x800C;&#x4E3A;&#x6301;&#x7EED;&#x96C6;&#x6210;&#x3001;&#x6301;&#x7EED;&#x4EA4;&#x4ED8;&#x6216;&#x7F16;&#x6392;&#x5668;&#x73AF;&#x5883;&#x751F;&#x6210;&#x5DE5;&#x4EF6;&#x3002;&#x5C06;&#x6784;&#x5EFA;&#x5DE5;&#x4EF6;&#x63A8;&#x9001;&#x5230;&#x60A8;&#x7684; CI/CD &#x7CFB;&#x7EDF;&#x6216;&#x5B8C;&#x5168;&#x8DF3;&#x8FC7;&#x3002;</p>
<p><strong>Registry</strong></p>
<p>&#x5C06;&#x7AEF;&#x70B9;&#x8FDE;&#x63A5;&#x5668;&#x3001;&#x81EA;&#x5B9A;&#x4E49;&#x6CE8;&#x89E3;&#x548C;&#x4EE3;&#x7801;&#x529F;&#x80FD;&#x4F5C;&#x4E3A;&#x53EF;&#x5171;&#x4EAB;&#x8F6F;&#x4EF6;&#x5305;&#x7EC4;&#x5408;&#x5728;&#x4E00;&#x8D77;&#x3002;&#x53EF;&#x4EE5;&#x5728;&#x5168;&#x7403;&#x5171;&#x4EAB;&#x8D44;&#x6E90;&#x5E93;&#x2014;&#x2014;Ballerina Central &#x4E2D; pull &#x6216; push &#x7248;&#x672C;&#x5316;&#x7684;&#x8F6F;&#x4EF6;&#x5305;&#x3002;</p>
<h2 id="ballerina-&#x7684;&#x8BED;&#x8A00;&#x7279;&#x6027;">Ballerina &#x7684;&#x8BED;&#x8A00;&#x7279;&#x6027;</h2>
<p>Ballerina &#x8BBE;&#x8BA1;&#x4E3A;&#x4E91;&#x4F18;&#x5148;&#xFF0C;&#x5185;&#x7F6E;&#x5BF9;&#x73B0;&#x4EE3; Web &#x534F;&#x8BAE;&#x548C;&#x6570;&#x636E;&#x683C;&#x5F0F;&#x7684;&#x652F;&#x6301;&#xFF0C;&#x5B8C;&#x5168;&#x652F;&#x6301;&#x56FE;&#x7075;&#x5B8C;&#x5907;&#x7F16;&#x7A0B;&#x8BED;&#x8A00;&#xFF0C;&#x4EE5;&#x53CA;&#x5BF9;&#x5FAE;&#x670D;&#x52A1;&#x67B6;&#x6784;&#x7684;&#x539F;&#x751F;&#x652F;&#x6301;&#x3002;</p>
<ul>
<li>API &#x6784;&#x9020;</li>
<li>&#x903B;&#x8F91;&#x8BED;&#x8A00;</li>
<li>&#x5F02;&#x6B65;</li>
<li>Json &#x548C; XML</li>
<li>&#x6CE8;&#x89E3;</li>
<li>&#x7A33;&#x5B9A;&#x548C;&#x5F3A;&#x5927;&#x7684;&#x7C7B;&#x578B;</li>
<li>stream</li>
</ul>
<h2 id="ballerina-&#x4E2D;&#x96C6;&#x6210;&#x4E86;&#x54EA;&#x4E9B;&#x5185;&#x5BB9;&#xFF1F;">Ballerina &#x4E2D;&#x96C6;&#x6210;&#x4E86;&#x54EA;&#x4E9B;&#x5185;&#x5BB9;&#xFF1F;</h2>
<p>Ballerina &#x662F;&#x4E00;&#x79CD;&#x65E8;&#x5728;<strong>&#x96C6;&#x6210;&#x7B80;&#x5316;</strong>&#x7684;&#x8BED;&#x8A00;&#x3002;&#x57FA;&#x4E8E;&#x987A;&#x5E8F;&#x56FE;&#x7684;&#x4EA4;&#x4E92;&#xFF0C;Ballerina &#x5185;&#x7F6E;&#x4E86;&#x5BF9;&#x901A;&#x7528;&#x96C6;&#x6210;&#x6A21;&#x5F0F;&#x548C;&#x8FDE;&#x63A5;&#x5668;&#x7684;&#x652F;&#x6301;&#xFF0C;&#x5305;&#x62EC;&#x5206;&#x5E03;&#x5F0F;&#x4E8B;&#x52A1;&#x3001;&#x8865;&#x507F;&#x548C;&#x65AD;&#x8DEF;&#x5668;&#x3002;&#x51ED;&#x501F;&#x5BF9; JSON &#x548C; XML &#x7684;&#x4E00;&#x6D41;&#x652F;&#x6301;&#xFF0C;Ballerina &#x80FD;&#x591F;&#x7B80;&#x5355;&#x6709;&#x6548;&#x5730;&#x6784;&#x5EFA;&#x8DE8;&#x7F51;&#x7EDC;&#x7EC8;&#x7AEF;&#x7684;&#x5F3A;&#x5927;&#x96C6;&#x6210;&#x3002;</p>
<ul>
<li>&#x7C7B;&#x578B;&#x5B89;&#x5168;&#x7AEF;&#x70B9;&#x96C6;&#x6210;</li>
<li>&#x7C7B;&#x578B;&#x5B89;&#x5168;&#x8FDE;&#x63A5;&#x5668;</li>
<li>&#x53EF;&#x9760;&#x7684;&#x6D88;&#x606F;&#x4F20;&#x9012;</li>
<li>&#x5206;&#x5E03;&#x5F0F;&#x4E8B;&#x52A1;</li>
<li>&#x65AD;&#x8DEF;&#x5668;</li>
<li>&#x6CE8;&#x5165;&#x653B;&#x51FB;&#x9632;&#x62A4;</li>
<li>Docker &#x548C; Kubernetes</li>
</ul>
<p>&#x5173;&#x4E8E; Ballerina &#x4E2D;&#x5404;&#x4E2A;&#x529F;&#x80FD;&#x7684;&#x793A;&#x4F8B;&#x4EE3;&#x7801;&#x8BF7;&#x67E5;&#x9605; <a href="https://github.com/ballerina-platform/ballerina-examples" target="_blank">ballerina-example</a>&#x3002;</p>
<h2 id="&#x53C2;&#x8003;">&#x53C2;&#x8003;</h2>
<ul>
<li><a href="https://ballerina.io" target="_blank">https://ballerina.io</a></li>
<li><a href="https://dzone.com/articles/microservices-docker-kubernetes-serverless-service" target="_blank">Microservices, Docker, Kubernetes, Serverless, Service Mesh, and Beyond</a></li>
</ul>
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