2017-08-21 17:44:43 +08:00
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<title>4.3.2 应用日志收集 · Kubernetes Handbook</title>
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<meta name="author" content="Jimmy Song">
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<a href="../">
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1. 前言
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</a>
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<a href="../concepts/">
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2. 概念原理
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</a>
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<li class="chapter " data-level="1.2.1" data-path="../concepts/concepts.html">
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<a href="../concepts/concepts.html">
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2.1 设计理念
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</a>
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</li>
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<li class="chapter " data-level="1.2.2" data-path="../concepts/objects.html">
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<a href="../concepts/objects.html">
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2017-09-03 13:29:38 +08:00
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2.2 Objects
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2017-08-21 17:44:43 +08:00
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</a>
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<ul class="articles">
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<li class="chapter " data-level="1.2.2.1" data-path="../concepts/pod-overview.html">
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<a href="../concepts/pod-overview.html">
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2.2.1 Pod
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</a>
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<ul class="articles">
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<li class="chapter " data-level="1.2.2.1.1" data-path="../concepts/pod.html">
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<a href="../concepts/pod.html">
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2.2.1.1 Pod解析
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</a>
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2017-08-31 23:28:33 +08:00
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</li>
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<li class="chapter " data-level="1.2.2.1.2" data-path="../concepts/init-containers.html">
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<a href="../concepts/init-containers.html">
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2.2.1.2 Init容器
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</a>
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2017-09-03 15:58:39 +08:00
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</li>
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<li class="chapter " data-level="1.2.2.1.3" data-path="../concepts/pod-security-policy.html">
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<a href="../concepts/pod-security-policy.html">
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2.2.1.3 Pod安全策略
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</a>
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2017-09-17 15:39:26 +08:00
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</li>
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<li class="chapter " data-level="1.2.2.1.4" data-path="../concepts/pod-lifecycle.html">
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<a href="../concepts/pod-lifecycle.html">
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2.2.1.4 Pod的生命周期
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</a>
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2017-08-21 17:44:43 +08:00
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</li>
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</ul>
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</li>
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<li class="chapter " data-level="1.2.2.2" data-path="../concepts/node.html">
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<a href="../concepts/node.html">
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2.2.2 Node
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</a>
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</li>
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<li class="chapter " data-level="1.2.2.3" data-path="../concepts/namespace.html">
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<a href="../concepts/namespace.html">
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2.2.3 Namespace
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</a>
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</li>
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<li class="chapter " data-level="1.2.2.4" data-path="../concepts/service.html">
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<a href="../concepts/service.html">
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2.2.4 Service
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</a>
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</li>
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<li class="chapter " data-level="1.2.2.5" data-path="../concepts/volume.html">
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<a href="../concepts/volume.html">
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2.2.5 Volume和Persistent Volume
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</a>
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</li>
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<li class="chapter " data-level="1.2.2.6" data-path="../concepts/deployment.html">
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<a href="../concepts/deployment.html">
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2.2.6 Deployment
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</a>
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</li>
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<li class="chapter " data-level="1.2.2.7" data-path="../concepts/secret.html">
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<a href="../concepts/secret.html">
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2.2.7 Secret
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</a>
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</li>
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<li class="chapter " data-level="1.2.2.8" data-path="../concepts/statefulset.html">
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<a href="../concepts/statefulset.html">
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2.2.8 StatefulSet
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</a>
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</li>
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<li class="chapter " data-level="1.2.2.9" data-path="../concepts/daemonset.html">
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<a href="../concepts/daemonset.html">
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2.2.9 DaemonSet
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</a>
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</li>
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<li class="chapter " data-level="1.2.2.10" data-path="../concepts/serviceaccount.html">
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<a href="../concepts/serviceaccount.html">
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2.2.10 ServiceAccount
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</a>
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</li>
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<li class="chapter " data-level="1.2.2.11" data-path="../concepts/replicaset.html">
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<a href="../concepts/replicaset.html">
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2.2.11 ReplicationController和ReplicaSet
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</a>
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</li>
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<li class="chapter " data-level="1.2.2.12" data-path="../concepts/job.html">
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<a href="../concepts/job.html">
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2.2.12 Job
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</a>
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</li>
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<li class="chapter " data-level="1.2.2.13" data-path="../concepts/cronjob.html">
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<a href="../concepts/cronjob.html">
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2.2.13 CronJob
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</a>
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</li>
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<li class="chapter " data-level="1.2.2.14" data-path="../concepts/ingress.html">
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<a href="../concepts/ingress.html">
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2.2.14 Ingress
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</a>
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</li>
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<li class="chapter " data-level="1.2.2.15" data-path="../concepts/configmap.html">
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<a href="../concepts/configmap.html">
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2.2.15 ConfigMap
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</a>
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</li>
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<li class="chapter " data-level="1.2.2.16" data-path="../concepts/horizontal-pod-autoscaling.html">
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<a href="../concepts/horizontal-pod-autoscaling.html">
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2.2.16 Horizontal Pod Autoscaling
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</a>
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</li>
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<li class="chapter " data-level="1.2.2.17" data-path="../concepts/label.html">
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<a href="../concepts/label.html">
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2.2.17 Label
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</a>
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2017-09-03 15:58:39 +08:00
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</li>
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<li class="chapter " data-level="1.2.2.18" data-path="../concepts/garbage-collection.html">
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<a href="../concepts/garbage-collection.html">
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2.2.18 垃圾收集
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</a>
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</li>
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<li class="chapter " data-level="1.2.2.19" data-path="../concepts/network-policy.html">
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<a href="../concepts/network-policy.html">
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2.2.19 NetworkPolicy
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</a>
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2017-08-21 17:44:43 +08:00
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</li>
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</ul>
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</li>
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</ul>
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</li>
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<li class="chapter " data-level="1.3" data-path="../guide/">
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<a href="../guide/">
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3. 用户指南
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</a>
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<ul class="articles">
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<li class="chapter " data-level="1.3.1" data-path="../guide/resource-configuration.html">
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<a href="../guide/resource-configuration.html">
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3.1 资源配置
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</a>
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<ul class="articles">
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<li class="chapter " data-level="1.3.1.1" data-path="../guide/configure-liveness-readiness-probes.html">
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<a href="../guide/configure-liveness-readiness-probes.html">
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3.1.1 配置Pod的liveness和readiness探针
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</a>
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</li>
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<li class="chapter " data-level="1.3.1.2" data-path="../guide/configure-pod-service-account.html">
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<a href="../guide/configure-pod-service-account.html">
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3.1.2 配置Pod的Service Account
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</a>
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<li class="chapter " data-level="1.3.2" data-path="../guide/command-usage.html">
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<a href="../guide/command-usage.html">
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3.2 命令使用
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</a>
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<ul class="articles">
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<li class="chapter " data-level="1.3.2.1" data-path="../guide/using-kubectl.html">
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<a href="../guide/using-kubectl.html">
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3.2.1 使用kubectl
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</a>
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2017-09-16 20:56:43 +08:00
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</li>
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<li class="chapter " data-level="1.3.2.2" data-path="../guide/docker-cli-to-kubectl.html">
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<a href="../guide/docker-cli-to-kubectl.html">
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3.2.2 docker用户过度到kubectl命令行指南
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</a>
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2017-08-21 17:44:43 +08:00
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</li>
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</ul>
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</li>
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2017-09-07 12:29:13 +08:00
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<li class="chapter " data-level="1.3.3" data-path="../guide/cluster-security-management.html">
|
2017-08-21 17:44:43 +08:00
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|
2017-09-07 12:29:13 +08:00
|
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<a href="../guide/cluster-security-management.html">
|
2017-08-21 17:44:43 +08:00
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2017-09-07 12:29:13 +08:00
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3.3 集群安全性管理
|
2017-08-21 17:44:43 +08:00
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</a>
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<ul class="articles">
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<li class="chapter " data-level="1.3.3.1" data-path="../guide/managing-tls-in-a-cluster.html">
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<a href="../guide/managing-tls-in-a-cluster.html">
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3.3.1 管理集群中的TLS
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</a>
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2017-08-21 18:44:34 +08:00
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</li>
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<li class="chapter " data-level="1.3.3.2" data-path="../guide/kubelet-authentication-authorization.html">
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<a href="../guide/kubelet-authentication-authorization.html">
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3.3.2 kubelet的认证授权
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</a>
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</li>
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<li class="chapter " data-level="1.3.3.3" data-path="../guide/tls-bootstrapping.html">
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<a href="../guide/tls-bootstrapping.html">
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3.3.3 TLS bootstrap
|
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</a>
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2017-08-31 14:23:44 +08:00
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</li>
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<li class="chapter " data-level="1.3.3.4" data-path="../guide/kubectl-user-authentication-authorization.html">
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<a href="../guide/kubectl-user-authentication-authorization.html">
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3.3.4 kubectl的用户认证授权
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</a>
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</li>
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<li class="chapter " data-level="1.3.3.5" data-path="../guide/rbac.html">
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<a href="../guide/rbac.html">
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3.3.5 RBAC——基于角色的访问控制
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</a>
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2017-09-07 14:13:59 +08:00
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</li>
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<li class="chapter " data-level="1.3.3.6" data-path="../guide/ip-masq-agent.html">
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<a href="../guide/ip-masq-agent.html">
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3.3.6 IP伪装代理
|
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</a>
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2017-08-21 17:44:43 +08:00
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</li>
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</ul>
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</li>
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<li class="chapter " data-level="1.3.4" data-path="../guide/access-kubernetes-cluster.html">
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<a href="../guide/access-kubernetes-cluster.html">
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3.4 访问 Kubernetes 集群
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</a>
|
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<ul class="articles">
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<li class="chapter " data-level="1.3.4.1" data-path="../guide/access-cluster.html">
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<a href="../guide/access-cluster.html">
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3.4.1 访问集群
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</a>
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</li>
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<li class="chapter " data-level="1.3.4.2" data-path="../guide/authenticate-across-clusters-kubeconfig.html">
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<a href="../guide/authenticate-across-clusters-kubeconfig.html">
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3.4.2 使用 kubeconfig 文件配置跨集群认证
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</a>
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</li>
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<li class="chapter " data-level="1.3.4.3" data-path="../guide/connecting-to-applications-port-forward.html">
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<a href="../guide/connecting-to-applications-port-forward.html">
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3.4.3 通过端口转发访问集群中的应用程序
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</a>
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</li>
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<li class="chapter " data-level="1.3.4.4" data-path="../guide/service-access-application-cluster.html">
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<a href="../guide/service-access-application-cluster.html">
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3.4.4 使用 service 访问群集中的应用程序
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</a>
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</li>
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</ul>
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</li>
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<li class="chapter " data-level="1.3.5" data-path="../guide/application-development-deployment-flow.html">
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<a href="../guide/application-development-deployment-flow.html">
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3.5 在kubernetes中开发部署应用
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</a>
|
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<ul class="articles">
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<li class="chapter " data-level="1.3.5.1" data-path="../guide/deploy-applications-in-kubernetes.html">
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<a href="../guide/deploy-applications-in-kubernetes.html">
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3.5.1 适用于kubernetes的应用开发部署流程
|
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</a>
|
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2017-08-21 18:44:34 +08:00
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</li>
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<li class="chapter " data-level="1.3.5.2" data-path="../guide/migrating-hadoop-yarn-to-kubernetes.html">
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<a href="../guide/migrating-hadoop-yarn-to-kubernetes.html">
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3.5.2 迁移传统应用到kubernetes中——以Hadoop YARN为例
|
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</a>
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2017-08-21 17:44:43 +08:00
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</li>
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</ul>
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</li>
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</ul>
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</li>
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<li class="chapter " data-level="1.4" data-path="./">
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<a href="./">
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4. 最佳实践
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</a>
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<ul class="articles">
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<li class="chapter " data-level="1.4.1" data-path="install-kbernetes1.6-on-centos.html">
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<a href="install-kbernetes1.6-on-centos.html">
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4.1 在CentOS上部署kubernetes1.6集群
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</a>
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<ul class="articles">
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<li class="chapter " data-level="1.4.1.1" data-path="create-tls-and-secret-key.html">
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<a href="create-tls-and-secret-key.html">
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4.1.1 创建TLS证书和秘钥
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</a>
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</li>
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<li class="chapter " data-level="1.4.1.2" data-path="create-kubeconfig.html">
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<a href="create-kubeconfig.html">
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4.1.2 创建kubeconfig文件
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</a>
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</li>
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<li class="chapter " data-level="1.4.1.3" data-path="etcd-cluster-installation.html">
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<a href="etcd-cluster-installation.html">
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4.1.3 创建高可用etcd集群
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</a>
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</li>
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<li class="chapter " data-level="1.4.1.4" data-path="kubectl-installation.html">
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<a href="kubectl-installation.html">
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4.1.4 安装kubectl命令行工具
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</a>
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</li>
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<li class="chapter " data-level="1.4.1.5" data-path="master-installation.html">
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<a href="master-installation.html">
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4.1.5 部署master节点
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</a>
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</li>
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<li class="chapter " data-level="1.4.1.6" data-path="node-installation.html">
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<a href="node-installation.html">
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4.1.6 部署node节点
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</a>
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</li>
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<li class="chapter " data-level="1.4.1.7" data-path="kubedns-addon-installation.html">
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<a href="kubedns-addon-installation.html">
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4.1.7 安装kubedns插件
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</a>
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</li>
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<li class="chapter " data-level="1.4.1.8" data-path="dashboard-addon-installation.html">
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<a href="dashboard-addon-installation.html">
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4.1.8 安装dashboard插件
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</a>
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</li>
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<li class="chapter " data-level="1.4.1.9" data-path="heapster-addon-installation.html">
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<a href="heapster-addon-installation.html">
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4.1.9 安装heapster插件
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</a>
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</li>
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<li class="chapter " data-level="1.4.1.10" data-path="efk-addon-installation.html">
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<a href="efk-addon-installation.html">
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4.1.10 安装EFK插件
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</a>
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</li>
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</ul>
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</li>
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<li class="chapter " data-level="1.4.2" data-path="service-discovery-and-loadbalancing.html">
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<a href="service-discovery-and-loadbalancing.html">
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4.2 服务发现与负载均衡
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</a>
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<ul class="articles">
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<li class="chapter " data-level="1.4.2.1" data-path="traefik-ingress-installation.html">
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<a href="traefik-ingress-installation.html">
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4.2.1 安装Traefik ingress
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</a>
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</li>
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<li class="chapter " data-level="1.4.2.2" data-path="distributed-load-test.html">
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<a href="distributed-load-test.html">
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4.2.2 分布式负载测试
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</a>
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</li>
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<li class="chapter " data-level="1.4.2.3" data-path="network-and-cluster-perfermance-test.html">
|
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<a href="network-and-cluster-perfermance-test.html">
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4.2.3 网络和集群性能测试
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</a>
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</li>
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<li class="chapter " data-level="1.4.2.4" data-path="edge-node-configuration.html">
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<a href="edge-node-configuration.html">
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4.2.4 边缘节点配置
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</a>
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</li>
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</ul>
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</li>
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<li class="chapter " data-level="1.4.3" data-path="operation.html">
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<a href="operation.html">
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4.3 运维管理
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</a>
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<ul class="articles">
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<li class="chapter " data-level="1.4.3.1" data-path="service-rolling-update.html">
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<a href="service-rolling-update.html">
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4.3.1 服务滚动升级
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</a>
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</li>
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<li class="chapter active" data-level="1.4.3.2" data-path="app-log-collection.html">
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<a href="app-log-collection.html">
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4.3.2 应用日志收集
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</a>
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</li>
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<li class="chapter " data-level="1.4.3.3" data-path="configuration-best-practice.html">
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<a href="configuration-best-practice.html">
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4.3.3 配置最佳实践
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</a>
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</li>
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<li class="chapter " data-level="1.4.3.4" data-path="monitor.html">
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<a href="monitor.html">
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4.3.4 集群及应用监控
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</a>
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</li>
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<li class="chapter " data-level="1.4.3.5" data-path="jenkins-ci-cd.html">
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<a href="jenkins-ci-cd.html">
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4.3.5 使用Jenkins进行持续构建与发布
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</a>
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</li>
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<li class="chapter " data-level="1.4.3.6" data-path="data-persistence-problem.html">
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<a href="data-persistence-problem.html">
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4.3.6 数据持久化问题
|
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|
</a>
|
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|
|
2017-09-03 15:58:39 +08:00
|
|
|
</li>
|
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|
<li class="chapter " data-level="1.4.3.7" data-path="manage-compute-resources-container.html">
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<a href="manage-compute-resources-container.html">
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4.3.7 管理容器的计算资源
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</a>
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|
|
2017-08-21 17:44:43 +08:00
|
|
|
</li>
|
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</ul>
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</li>
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<li class="chapter " data-level="1.4.4" data-path="storage.html">
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<a href="storage.html">
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4.4 存储管理
|
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</a>
|
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<ul class="articles">
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<li class="chapter " data-level="1.4.4.1" data-path="glusterfs.html">
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<a href="glusterfs.html">
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4.4.1 GlusterFS
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</a>
|
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<ul class="articles">
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<li class="chapter " data-level="1.4.4.1.1" data-path="using-glusterfs-for-persistent-storage.html">
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<a href="using-glusterfs-for-persistent-storage.html">
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4.4.1.1 使用GlusterFS做持久化存储
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</a>
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</li>
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<li class="chapter " data-level="1.4.4.1.2" data-path="storage-for-containers-using-glusterfs-with-openshift.html">
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<a href="storage-for-containers-using-glusterfs-with-openshift.html">
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4.4.1.2 在OpenShift中使用GlusterFS做持久化存储
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</a>
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2017-09-01 21:04:51 +08:00
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</li>
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</ul>
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</li>
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<li class="chapter " data-level="1.4.4.2" data-path="cephfs.html">
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<a href="cephfs.html">
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4.4.2 CephFS
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</a>
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<ul class="articles">
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<li class="chapter " data-level="1.4.4.2.1" data-path="using-ceph-for-persistent-storage.html">
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<a href="using-ceph-for-persistent-storage.html">
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4.4.2.1 使用Ceph做持久化存储
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</a>
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2017-08-21 17:44:43 +08:00
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</li>
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</ul>
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</li>
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</ul>
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</li>
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</ul>
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</li>
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<li class="chapter " data-level="1.5" data-path="../usecases/">
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<a href="../usecases/">
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5. 领域应用
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</a>
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<ul class="articles">
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<li class="chapter " data-level="1.5.1" data-path="../usecases/microservices.html">
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<a href="../usecases/microservices.html">
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5.1 微服务架构
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</a>
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<ul class="articles">
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<li class="chapter " data-level="1.5.1.1" data-path="../usecases/istio.html">
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<a href="../usecases/istio.html">
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5.1.1 Istio
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</a>
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<ul class="articles">
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<li class="chapter " data-level="1.5.1.1.1" data-path="../usecases/istio-installation.html">
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<a href="../usecases/istio-installation.html">
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5.1.1.1 安装istio
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</a>
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</li>
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<li class="chapter " data-level="1.5.1.1.2" data-path="../usecases/configuring-request-routing.html">
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<a href="../usecases/configuring-request-routing.html">
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5.1.1.2 配置请求的路由规则
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</a>
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</li>
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</ul>
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</li>
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<li class="chapter " data-level="1.5.1.2" data-path="../usecases/linkerd.html">
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<a href="../usecases/linkerd.html">
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5.1.2 Linkerd
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</a>
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<ul class="articles">
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<li class="chapter " data-level="1.5.1.2.1" data-path="../usecases/linkerd-user-guide.html">
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<a href="../usecases/linkerd-user-guide.html">
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5.1.2.1 Linkerd 使用指南
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</a>
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</li>
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</ul>
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</li>
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<li class="chapter " data-level="1.5.1.3" data-path="../usecases/service-discovery-in-microservices.html">
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<a href="../usecases/service-discovery-in-microservices.html">
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5.1.3 微服务中的服务发现
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</a>
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</li>
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</ul>
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</li>
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<li class="chapter " data-level="1.5.2" data-path="../usecases/big-data.html">
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<a href="../usecases/big-data.html">
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5.2 大数据
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</a>
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<ul class="articles">
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|
2017-08-30 14:20:52 +08:00
|
|
|
<li class="chapter " data-level="1.5.2.1" data-path="../usecases/spark-standalone-on-kubernetes.html">
|
2017-08-21 17:44:43 +08:00
|
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|
|
2017-08-30 14:20:52 +08:00
|
|
|
<a href="../usecases/spark-standalone-on-kubernetes.html">
|
2017-08-21 17:44:43 +08:00
|
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|
2017-08-30 14:20:52 +08:00
|
|
|
5.2.1 Spark standalone on Kubernetes
|
2017-08-21 17:44:43 +08:00
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</a>
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|
2017-08-31 14:23:44 +08:00
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|
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</li>
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|
2017-09-14 15:57:50 +08:00
|
|
|
<li class="chapter " data-level="1.5.2.2" data-path="../usecases/running-spark-with-kubernetes-native-scheduler.html">
|
2017-08-31 14:23:44 +08:00
|
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|
|
2017-09-14 15:57:50 +08:00
|
|
|
<a href="../usecases/running-spark-with-kubernetes-native-scheduler.html">
|
2017-08-31 14:23:44 +08:00
|
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5.2.2 运行支持kubernetes原生调度的Spark程序
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</a>
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|
2017-08-21 17:44:43 +08:00
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</li>
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</ul>
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|
2017-08-30 16:52:33 +08:00
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</li>
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<li class="chapter " data-level="1.5.3" data-path="../usecases/serverless.html">
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<a href="../usecases/serverless.html">
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5.3 Serverless架构
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</a>
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2017-08-21 17:44:43 +08:00
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</li>
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</ul>
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</li>
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<li class="chapter " data-level="1.6" data-path="../develop/">
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<a href="../develop/">
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6. 开发指南
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</a>
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<ul class="articles">
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<li class="chapter " data-level="1.6.1" data-path="../develop/developing-environment.html">
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<a href="../develop/developing-environment.html">
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6.1 开发环境搭建
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</a>
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</li>
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<li class="chapter " data-level="1.6.2" data-path="../develop/testing.html">
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<a href="../develop/testing.html">
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6.2 单元测试和集成测试
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</a>
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</li>
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<li class="chapter " data-level="1.6.3" data-path="../develop/client-go-sample.html">
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<a href="../develop/client-go-sample.html">
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6.3 client-go示例
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</a>
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</li>
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<li class="chapter " data-level="1.6.4" data-path="../develop/contribute.html">
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<a href="../develop/contribute.html">
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6.4 社区贡献
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</a>
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</li>
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</ul>
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</li>
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<li class="chapter " data-level="1.7" data-path="../appendix/">
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<a href="../appendix/">
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7. 附录
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</a>
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<ul class="articles">
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<li class="chapter " data-level="1.7.1" data-path="../appendix/docker-best-practice.html">
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<a href="../appendix/docker-best-practice.html">
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7.1 Docker最佳实践
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</a>
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</li>
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<li class="chapter " data-level="1.7.2" data-path="../appendix/issues.html">
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<a href="../appendix/issues.html">
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7.2 问题记录
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</a>
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</li>
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<li class="chapter " data-level="1.7.3" data-path="../appendix/tricks.html">
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<a href="../appendix/tricks.html">
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7.3 使用技巧
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</a>
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<li class="divider"></li>
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<li>
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|
<a href="https://www.gitbook.com" target="blank" class="gitbook-link">
|
|
|
|
|
本書使用 GitBook 釋出
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</a>
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</li>
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</ul>
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</nav>
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</div>
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<div class="book-body">
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<i class="fa fa-circle-o-notch fa-spin"></i>
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<a href=".." >4.3.2 应用日志收集</a>
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</h1>
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<section class="normal markdown-section">
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<h1 id="应用日志收集">应用日志收集</h1>
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<h2 id="前言">前言</h2>
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<p>在进行日志收集的过程中，我们首先想到的是使用Logstash，因为它是ELK stack中的重要成员，但是在测试过程中发现，Logstash是基于JDK的，在没有产生日志的情况单纯启动Logstash就大概要消耗<strong>500M</strong>内存，在每个Pod中都启动一个日志收集组件的情况下，使用logstash有点浪费系统资源，经人推荐我们选择使用<strong>Filebeat</strong>替代，经测试单独启动Filebeat容器大约会消耗<strong>12M</strong>内存，比起logstash相当轻量级。</p>
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<h2 id="方案选择">方案选择</h2>
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<p>Kubernetes官方提供了EFK的日志收集解决方案，但是这种方案并不适合所有的业务场景，它本身就有一些局限性，例如：</p>
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<ul>
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<li>所有日志都必须是out前台输出，真实业务场景中无法保证所有日志都在前台输出</li>
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<li>只能有一个日志输出文件，而真实业务场景中往往有多个日志输出文件</li>
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<li>Fluentd并不是常用的日志收集工具，我们更习惯用logstash，现使用filebeat替代</li>
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<li>我们已经有自己的ELK集群且有专人维护，没有必要再在kubernetes上做一个日志收集服务</li>
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</ul>
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<p>基于以上几个原因，我们决定使用自己的ELK集群。</p>
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<p><strong>Kubernetes集群中的日志收集解决方案</strong></p>
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<table>
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<thead>
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<tr>
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<th><strong>编号</strong></th>
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<th><strong>方案</strong></th>
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<th><strong>优点</strong></th>
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<th><strong>缺点</strong></th>
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</tr>
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</thead>
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<tbody>
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<tr>
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<td><strong>1</strong></td>
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<td>每个app的镜像中都集成日志收集组件</td>
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<td>部署方便，kubernetes的yaml文件无须特别配置，可以为每个app自定义日志收集配置</td>
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<td>强耦合，不方便应用和日志收集组件升级和维护且会导致镜像过大</td>
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</tr>
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<tr>
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<td><strong>2</strong></td>
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<td>单独创建一个日志收集组件跟app的容器一起运行在同一个pod中</td>
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<td>低耦合，扩展性强，方便维护和升级</td>
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<td>需要对kubernetes的yaml文件进行单独配置，略显繁琐</td>
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</tr>
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<tr>
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<td><strong>3</strong></td>
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<td>将所有的Pod的日志都挂载到宿主机上，每台主机上单独起一个日志收集Pod</td>
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<td>完全解耦，性能最高，管理起来最方便</td>
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<td>需要统一日志收集规则，目录和输出方式</td>
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</tr>
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</tbody>
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</table>
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<p>综合以上优缺点，我们选择使用方案二。</p>
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<p>该方案在扩展性、个性化、部署和后期维护方面都能做到均衡，因此选择该方案。</p>
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<figure id="fig1.4.3.2.1"><img src="../images/filebeat-log-collector.png" alt="logstash日志收集架构图"><figcaption>Figure: logstash日志收集架构图</figcaption></figure>
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<p>我们创建了自己的filebeat镜像。创建过程和使用方式见<a href="https://github.com/rootsongjc/docker-images" target="_blank">https://github.com/rootsongjc/docker-images</a></p>
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<p>镜像地址：<code>index.tenxcloud.com/jimmy/filebeat:5.4.0</code></p>
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<h2 id="测试">测试</h2>
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<p>我们部署一个应用filebeat来收集日志的功能测试。</p>
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<p>创建应用yaml文件<code>filebeat-test.yaml</code>。</p>
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<pre><code class="lang-yaml"><span class="hljs-attr">apiVersion:</span> extensions/v1beta1
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<span class="hljs-attr">kind:</span> Deployment
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<span class="hljs-attr">metadata:</span>
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<span class="hljs-attr"> name:</span> filebeat-test
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<span class="hljs-attr"> namespace:</span> default
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<span class="hljs-attr">spec:</span>
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<span class="hljs-attr"> replicas:</span> <span class="hljs-number">3</span>
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<span class="hljs-attr"> template:</span>
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<span class="hljs-attr"> metadata:</span>
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<span class="hljs-attr"> labels:</span>
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<span class="hljs-attr"> k8s-app:</span> filebeat-test
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<span class="hljs-attr"> spec:</span>
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<span class="hljs-attr"> containers:</span>
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<span class="hljs-attr"> - image:</span> sz-pg-oam-docker-hub<span class="hljs-bullet">-001.</span>tendcloud.com/library/filebeat:<span class="hljs-number">5.4</span><span class="hljs-number">.0</span>
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<span class="hljs-attr"> name:</span> filebeat
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<span class="hljs-attr"> volumeMounts:</span>
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<span class="hljs-attr"> - name:</span> app-logs
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<span class="hljs-attr"> mountPath:</span> /log
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<span class="hljs-attr"> - name:</span> filebeat-config
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<span class="hljs-attr"> mountPath:</span> /etc/filebeat/
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<span class="hljs-attr"> - image:</span> sz-pg-oam-docker-hub<span class="hljs-bullet">-001.</span>tendcloud.com/library/analytics-docker-test:Build_8
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name : app
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<span class="hljs-attr"> ports:</span>
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<span class="hljs-attr"> - containerPort:</span> <span class="hljs-number">80</span>
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<span class="hljs-attr"> volumeMounts:</span>
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<span class="hljs-attr"> - name:</span> app-logs
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<span class="hljs-attr"> mountPath:</span> /usr/local/TalkingData/logs
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<span class="hljs-attr"> volumes:</span>
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<span class="hljs-attr"> - name:</span> app-logs
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<span class="hljs-attr"> emptyDir:</span> {}
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<span class="hljs-attr"> - name:</span> filebeat-config
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<span class="hljs-attr"> configMap:</span>
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<span class="hljs-attr"> name:</span> filebeat-config
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<span class="hljs-meta">---</span>
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<span class="hljs-attr">apiVersion:</span> v1
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<span class="hljs-attr">kind:</span> Service
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<span class="hljs-attr">metadata:</span>
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<span class="hljs-attr"> name:</span> filebeat-test
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<span class="hljs-attr"> labels:</span>
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<span class="hljs-attr"> app:</span> filebeat-test
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<span class="hljs-attr">spec:</span>
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<span class="hljs-attr"> ports:</span>
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<span class="hljs-attr"> - port:</span> <span class="hljs-number">80</span>
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<span class="hljs-attr"> protocol:</span> TCP
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<span class="hljs-attr"> name:</span> http
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<span class="hljs-attr"> selector:</span>
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<span class="hljs-attr"> run:</span> filebeat-test
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<span class="hljs-meta">---</span>
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<span class="hljs-attr">apiVersion:</span> v1
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<span class="hljs-attr">kind:</span> ConfigMap
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<span class="hljs-attr">metadata:</span>
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<span class="hljs-attr"> name:</span> filebeat-config
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<span class="hljs-attr">data:</span>
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filebeat.yml: <span class="hljs-string">|
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filebeat.prospectors:
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</span><span class="hljs-attr"> - input_type:</span> log
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<span class="hljs-attr"> paths:</span>
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<span class="hljs-bullet"> -</span> <span class="hljs-string">"/log/*"</span>
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<span class="hljs-bullet"> -</span> <span class="hljs-string">"/log/usermange/common/*"</span>
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output.elasticsearch:
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<span class="hljs-attr"> hosts:</span> [<span class="hljs-string">"172.23.5.255:9200"</span>]
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<span class="hljs-attr"> username:</span> <span class="hljs-string">"elastic"</span>
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<span class="hljs-attr"> password:</span> <span class="hljs-string">"changeme"</span>
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<span class="hljs-attr"> index:</span> <span class="hljs-string">"filebeat-docker-test"</span>
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</code></pre>
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<p><strong>说明</strong></p>
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<p>该文件中包含了配置文件filebeat的配置文件的<a href="http://rootsongjc.github.io/blogs/kubernetes-configmap-introduction/" target="_blank">ConfigMap</a>，因此不需要再定义环境变量。</p>
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<p>当然你也可以不同ConfigMap，通过传统的传递环境变量的方式来配置filebeat。</p>
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<p>例如对filebeat的容器进行如下配置：</p>
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<pre><code class="lang-yaml"><span class="hljs-attr"> containers:</span>
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<span class="hljs-attr"> - image:</span> sz-pg-oam-docker-hub<span class="hljs-bullet">-001.</span>tendcloud.com/library/filebeat:<span class="hljs-number">5.4</span><span class="hljs-number">.0</span>
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<span class="hljs-attr"> name:</span> filebeat
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<span class="hljs-attr"> volumeMounts:</span>
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<span class="hljs-attr"> - name:</span> app-logs
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<span class="hljs-attr"> mountPath:</span> /log
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<span class="hljs-attr"> env:</span>
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<span class="hljs-attr"> - name:</span> PATHS
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<span class="hljs-attr"> value:</span> <span class="hljs-string">"/log/*"</span>
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<span class="hljs-attr"> - name:</span> ES_SERVER
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<span class="hljs-attr"> value:</span> <span class="hljs-number">172.23</span><span class="hljs-number">.5</span><span class="hljs-number">.255</span>:<span class="hljs-number">9200</span>
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<span class="hljs-attr"> - name:</span> INDEX
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<span class="hljs-attr"> value:</span> logstash-docker
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<span class="hljs-attr"> - name:</span> INPUT_TYPE
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<span class="hljs-attr"> value:</span> log
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</code></pre>
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<p>目前使用这种方式会有个问题，及时<code>PATHS</code>只能传递单个目录，如果想传递多个目录需要修改filebeat镜像的<code>docker-entrypoint.sh</code>脚本，对该环境变量进行解析增加filebeat.yml文件中的PATHS列表。</p>
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<p>推荐使用ConfigMap，这样filebeat的配置就能够更灵活。</p>
|
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<p><strong>注意事项</strong></p>
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<ul>
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<li>将app的<code>/usr/local/TalkingData/logs</code>目录挂载到filebeat的<code>/log</code>目录下。</li>
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<li>该文件可以在<code>manifests/test/filebeat-test.yaml</code>找到。 </li>
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<li>我使用了自己的私有镜像仓库，测试时请换成自己的应用镜像。</li>
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<li>Filebeat的环境变量的值配置请参考<a href="https://github.com/rootsongjc/docker-images" target="_blank">https://github.com/rootsongjc/docker-images</a></li>
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</ul>
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<p><strong>创建应用</strong></p>
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<p>部署Deployment</p>
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<pre><code>kubectl create -f filebeat-test.yaml
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</code></pre><p>查看<code>http://172.23.5.255:9200/_cat/indices</code>将可以看到列表有这样的indices：</p>
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<pre><code>green open filebeat-docker-test 7xPEwEbUQRirk8oDX36gAA 5 1 2151 0 1.6mb 841.8kb
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</code></pre><p>访问Kibana的web页面，查看<code>filebeat-2017.05.17</code>的索引，可以看到filebeat收集到了app日志。</p>
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<figure id="fig1.4.3.2.2"><img src="../images/filebeat-docker-test.jpg" alt="Kibana页面"><figcaption>Figure: Kibana页面</figcaption></figure>
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<p>点开没个日志条目，可以看到以下详细字段：</p>
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<figure id="fig1.4.3.2.3"><img src="../images/kubernetes-filebeat-detail.png" alt="filebeat收集的日志详细信息"><figcaption>Figure: filebeat收集的日志详细信息</figcaption></figure>
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<ul>
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<li><code>_index</code>值即我们在YAML文件的<code>configMap</code>中配置的index值</li>
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<li><code>beat.hostname</code>和<code>beat.name</code>即pod的名称</li>
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<li>source表示filebeat容器中的日志目录</li>
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</ul>
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<p>我们可以通过人为得使<code>index</code> = <code>service name</code>，这样就可以方便的收集和查看每个service的日志。</p>
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<footer class="page-footer-ex"> <span class="page-footer-ex-copyright">for GitBook</span>           <span class="page-footer-ex-footer-update">update
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2017-08-21 18:44:34 +08:00
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2017-08-21 18:23:34
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2017-08-21 17:44:43 +08:00
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