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序言
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1. Kubernetes与云原生应用概览
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2. 概念原理
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2.1 设计理念
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2.2 Objects
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2.2.1 Pod
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2.2.1.1 Pod解析
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2.2.1.2 Init容器
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2.2.1.3 Pod安全策略
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2.2.1.4 Pod的生命周期
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2.2.2 Node
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2.2.3 Namespace
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2.2.4 Service
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2.2.5 Volume和Persistent Volume
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2.2.6 Deployment
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2.2.7 Secret
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2.2.8 StatefulSet
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2.2.9 DaemonSet
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2.2.10 ServiceAccount
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2.2.11 ReplicationController和ReplicaSet
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2.2.12 Job
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2.2.13 CronJob
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2.2.14 Ingress
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2.2.15 ConfigMap
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2.2.16 Horizontal Pod Autoscaling
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2.2.17 Label
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2.2.18 垃圾收集
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2.2.19 NetworkPolicy
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3. 用户指南
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3.1 资源对象配置
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3.1.1 配置Pod的liveness和readiness探针
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3.1.2 配置Pod的Service Account
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3.1.3 Secret配置
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3.2.3 管理namespace中的资源配额
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3.2 命令使用
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3.2.1 使用kubectl
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3.2.2 docker用户过度到kubectl命令行指南
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3.3 集群安全性管理
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3.3.1 管理集群中的TLS
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3.3.2 kubelet的认证授权
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3.3.3 TLS bootstrap
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3.3.4 创建用户认证授权的kubeconfig文件
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3.3.5 RBAC——基于角色的访问控制
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3.3.6 IP伪装代理
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3.4 访问 Kubernetes 集群
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3.4.1 访问集群
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3.4.2 使用 kubeconfig 文件配置跨集群认证
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3.4.3 通过端口转发访问集群中的应用程序
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3.4.4 使用 service 访问群集中的应用程序
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3.5 在kubernetes中开发部署应用
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3.5.1 适用于kubernetes的应用开发部署流程
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3.5.2 迁移传统应用到kubernetes中——以Hadoop YARN为例
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3.5.3 使用StatefulSet部署用状态应用
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4. 最佳实践
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4.1 在CentOS上部署kubernetes1.6集群
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4.1.1 创建TLS证书和秘钥
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4.1.2 创建kubeconfig文件
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4.1.3 创建高可用etcd集群
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4.1.4 安装kubectl命令行工具
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4.1.5 部署master节点
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4.1.6 部署node节点
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4.1.7 安装kubedns插件
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4.1.8 安装dashboard插件
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4.1.9 安装heapster插件
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4.1.10 安装EFK插件
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4.2 服务发现与负载均衡
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4.2.1 安装Traefik ingress
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4.2.2 分布式负载测试
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4.2.3 网络和集群性能测试
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4.2.4 边缘节点配置
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4.2.5 安装Nginx ingress
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4.3 运维管理
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4.3.1 服务滚动升级
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4.3.2 应用日志收集
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4.3.3 配置最佳实践
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4.3.4 集群及应用监控
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4.3.6 数据持久化问题
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4.3.7 管理容器的计算资源
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4.3.8 使用Prometheus监控kubernetes集群
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4.3.9 使用Heapster获取集群和对象的metric数据
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4.4 存储管理
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4.4.1 GlusterFS
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4.4.1.1 使用GlusterFS做持久化存储
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4.4.1.2 在OpenShift中使用GlusterFS做持久化存储
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4.4.2 CephFS
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4.4.2.1 使用Ceph做持久化存储
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4.5 服务编排管理
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4.5.1 使用Helm管理kubernetes应用
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4.5.2 构建私有Chart仓库
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4.6 持续集成与发布
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4.6.1 使用Jenkins进行持续集成与发布
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4.6.2 使用Drone进行持续集成与发布
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4.7 更新与升级
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4.7.1 手动升级kubernetes集群
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4.7.2 升级dashboard
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5. 领域应用
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5.1 微服务架构
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5.1.1 微服务中的服务发现
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5.2 Service Mesh 服务网格
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5.1.1 Istio
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5.1.1.1 安装istio
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5.1.1.2 配置请求的路由规则
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5.1.2 Linkerd
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5.1.2.1 Linkerd 使用指南
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5.2 大数据
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< a href = "../usecases/spark-standalone-on-kubernetes.html" >
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5.2.1 Spark standalone on Kubernetes
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< a href = "../usecases/running-spark-with-kubernetes-native-scheduler.html" >
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5.2.2 运行支持kubernetes原生调度的Spark程序
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5.3 Serverless架构
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5.4 边缘计算
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6. 开发指南
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6.1 开发环境搭建
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6.2 单元测试和集成测试
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6.3 client-go示例
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6.4 社区贡献
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6.5 Minikube
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7. 附录
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7.1 Docker最佳实践
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7.2 问题记录
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7.3 使用技巧
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7.4 kubernetes中的应用故障排查
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7.5 Kubernetes相关资讯和情报链接
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本书使用 GitBook 发布
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< h1 id = "在centos上部署kubernetes16集群" > 在 CentOS上 部 署 kubernetes1.6集 群 < / h1 >
< p > 本 系 列 文 档 介 绍 使 用 二 进 制 部 署 < code > kubernetes< / code > 集 群 的 所 有 步 骤 ， 而 不 是 使 用 < code > kubeadm< / code > 等 自 动 化 方 式 来 部 署 集 群 ， 同 时 开 启 了 集 群 的 TLS安 全 认 证 ； < / p >
< p > 在 部 署 的 过 程 中 ， 将 详 细 列 出 各 组 件 的 启 动 参 数 ， 给 出 配 置 文 件 ， 详 解 它 们 的 含 义 和 可 能 遇 到 的 问 题 。 < / p >
< p > 部 署 完 成 后 ， 你 将 理 解 系 统 各 组 件 的 交 互 原 理 ， 进 而 能 快 速 解 决 实 际 问 题 。 < / p >
< p > 所 以 本 文 档 主 要 适 合 于 那 些 有 一 定 kubernetes 基 础 ， 想 通 过 一 步 步 部 署 的 方 式 来 学 习 和 了 解 系 统 配 置 、 运 行 原 理 的 人 。 < / p >
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< p > < strong > 注 ： 本 文 档 中 不 包 括 docker和 私 有 镜 像 仓 库 的 安 装 ， 安 装 说 明 中 使 用 的 镜 像 来 自 Google Cloud Platform， 为 了 方 便 国 内 用 户 下 载 ， 我 将 其 克 隆 并 上 传 到 了 < a href = "https://hub.tenxcloud.com/search?q=jimmy&source=tenxcloud" target = "_blank" > 时 速 云 镜 像 市 场 < / a > ， 供 大 家 免 费 下 载 。 < / strong > < / p >
< p > < strong > 欲 下 载 最 新 版 本 的 官 方 镜 像 请 访 问 < a href = "https://console.cloud.google.com/gcr/images/google-containers/GLOBAL" target = "_blank" > Google 云 平 台 容 器 注 册 表 < / a > 。 < / strong > < / p >
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< h2 id = "提供所有的配置文件" > 提 供 所 有 的 配 置 文 件 < / h2 >
< p > 集 群 安 装 时 所 有 组 件 用 到 的 配 置 文 件 ， 包 含 在 以 下 目 录 中 ： < / p >
< ul >
< li > < strong > etc< / strong > ： service的 环 境 变 量 配 置 文 件 < / li >
< li > < strong > manifest< / strong > ： kubernetes应 用 的 yaml文 件 < / li >
< li > < strong > systemd< / strong > ： systemd serivce配 置 文 件 < / li >
< / ul >
< h2 id = "集群详情" > 集 群 详 情 < / h2 >
< ul >
< li > Kubernetes 1.6.0< / li >
< li > Docker 1.12.5（ 使 用 yum安 装 ） < / li >
< li > Etcd 3.1.5< / li >
< li > Flanneld 0.7 vxlan 网 络 < / li >
< li > TLS 认 证 通 信 (所 有 组 件 ， 如 etcd、 kubernetes master 和 node)< / li >
< li > RBAC 授 权 < / li >
< li > kublet TLS BootStrapping< / li >
< li > kubedns、 dashboard、 heapster(influxdb、 grafana)、 EFK(elasticsearch、 fluentd、 kibana) 集 群 插 件 < / li >
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< li > 私 有 docker镜 像 仓 库 < a href = "https://github.com/vmware/harbor" target = "_blank" > harbor< / a > （ 请 自 行 部 署 ， harbor提 供 离 线 安 装 包 ， 直 接 使 用 docker-compose启 动 即 可 ） < / li >
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< / ul >
< h2 id = "环境说明" > 环 境 说 明 < / h2 >
< p > 在 下 面 的 步 骤 中 ， 我 们 将 在 三 台 CentOS系 统 的 物 理 机 上 部 署 具 有 三 个 节 点 的 kubernetes1.6.0集 群 。 < / p >
< p > 角 色 分 配 如 下 ： < / p >
< p > < strong > Master< / strong > ： 172.20.0.113< / p >
< p > < strong > Node< / strong > ： 172.20.0.113、 172.20.0.114、 172.20.0.115< / p >
< p > 注 意 ： 172.20.0.113这 台 主 机 master和 node复 用 。 所 有 生 成 证 书 、 执 行 kubectl命 令 的 操 作 都 在 这 台 节 点 上 执 行 。 一 旦 node加 入 到 kubernetes集 群 之 后 就 不 需 要 再 登 陆 node节 点 了 。 < / p >
< h2 id = "安装前的准备" > 安 装 前 的 准 备 < / h2 >
< ol >
< li > 在 node节 点 上 安 装 docker1.12.5< / li >
< li > 关 闭 所 有 节 点 的 SELinux< / li >
< li > 准 备 harbor私 有 镜 像 仓 库 < / li >
< / ol >
< h2 id = "步骤介绍" > 步 骤 介 绍 < / h2 >
< ul >
< li > < a href = "create-tls-and-secret-key.html" > 1 创 建 TLS 证 书 和 秘 钥 < / a > < / li >
< li > < a href = "create-kubeconfig.html" > 2 创 建 kubeconfig 文 件 < / a > < / li >
< li > < a href = "etcd-cluster-installation.html" > 3 创 建 高 可 用 etcd集 群 < / a > < / li >
< li > < a href = "kubectl-installation.html" > 4 安 装 kubectl命 令 行 工 具 < / a > < / li >
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< li > < a href = "master-installation.html" > 5 部 署 master节 点 < / a > < / li >
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< li > < a href = "node-installation.html" > 6 部 署 node节 点 < / a > < / li >
< li > < a href = "kubedns-addon-installation.html" > 7 安 装 kubedns插 件 < / a > < / li >
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< li > < a href = "dashboard-addon-installation.html" > 8 安 装 dashboard插 件 < / a > < / li >
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< li > < a href = "heapster-addon-installation.html" > 9 安 装 heapster插 件 < / a > < / li >
< li > < a href = "efk-addon-installation.html" > 10 安 装 EFK插 件 < / a > < / li >
< / ul >
< h2 id = "提醒" > 提 醒 < / h2 >
< ol >
< li > 由 于 启 用 了 TLS 双 向 认 证 、 RBAC 授 权 等 严 格 的 安 全 机 制 ， 建 议 < strong > 从 头 开 始 部 署 < / strong > ， 而 不 要 从 中 间 开 始 ， 否 则 可 能 会 认 证 、 授 权 等 失 败 ！ < / li >
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< li > 部 署 过 程 中 需 要 有 很 多 证 书 的 操 作 ， 请 大 家 耐 心 操 作 ， 不 明 白 的 操 作 可 以 参 考 本 书 中 的 其 他 章 节 的 解 释 。 < / li >
< li > 该 部 署 操 作 仅 是 搭 建 成 了 一 个 可 用 kubernetes 集 群 ， 而 很 多 地 方 还 需 要 进 行 优 化 ， heapster 插 件 、 EFK 插 件 不 一 定 会 用 于 真 实 的 生 产 环 境 中 ， 但 是 通 过 部 署 这 些 插 件 ， 可 以 让 大 家 了 解 到 如 何 部 署 应 用 到 集 群 上 。 < / li >
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< / ol >
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< p > < strong > 注 ： 本 安 装 文 档 参 考 < a href = "https://github.com/opsnull/follow-me-install-kubernetes-cluster/" target = "_blank" > opsnull 跟 我 一 步 步 部 署 kubernetes 集 群 < / a > < / strong > < / p >
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