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1. 前言
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2. 概念原理
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2.1 设计理念
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2.2 主要概念
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2.2.1 Pod
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2.2.1.1 Pod解析
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2.2.2 Node
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2.2.3 Namespace
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2.2.4 Service
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2.2.5 Volume和Persistent Volume
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2.2.6 Deployment
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2.2.7 Secret
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2.2.8 StatefulSet
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2.2.9 DaemonSet
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2.2.10 ServiceAccount
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2.2.11 ReplicationController和ReplicaSet
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2.2.12 Job
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2.2.13 CronJob
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2.2.14 Ingress
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2.2.15 ConfigMap
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2.2.16 Horizontal Pod Autoscaling
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2.2.17 Label
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3. 用户指南
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3.1 资源配置
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3.1.1 配置Pod的liveness和readiness探针
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3.1.2 配置Pod的Service Account
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3.2 命令使用
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3.2.1 使用kubectl
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3.3 集群管理
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3.3.1 管理集群中的TLS
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3.3.2 kubelet的认证授权
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3.3.3 TLS bootstrap
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3.4 访问 Kubernetes 集群
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3.4.1 访问集群
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3.4.2 使用 kubeconfig 文件配置跨集群认证
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3.4.3 通过端口转发访问集群中的应用程序
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3.4.4 使用 service 访问群集中的应用程序
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3.5 在kubernetes中开发部署应用
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3.5.1 适用于kubernetes的应用开发部署流程
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3.5.2 迁移传统应用到kubernetes中——以Hadoop YARN为例
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4. 最佳实践
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4.1 在CentOS上部署kubernetes1.6集群
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4.1.1 创建TLS证书和秘钥
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4.1.2 创建kubeconfig文件
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4.1.3 创建高可用etcd集群
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4.1.4 安装kubectl命令行工具
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4.1.5 部署master节点
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4.1.6 部署node节点
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4.1.7 安装kubedns插件
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4.1.8 安装dashboard插件
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4.1.9 安装heapster插件
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4.1.10 安装EFK插件
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4.2 服务发现与负载均衡
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4.2.1 安装Traefik ingress
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4.2.2 分布式负载测试
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4.2.3 网络和集群性能测试
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4.2.4 边缘节点配置
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4.3 运维管理
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4.3.1 服务滚动升级
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4.3.2 应用日志收集
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4.3.3 配置最佳实践
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4.3.4 集群及应用监控
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4.3.5 使用Jenkins进行持续构建与发布
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4.3.6 数据持久化问题
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4.4 存储管理
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4.4.1 GlusterFS
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4.4.1.1 使用GlusterFS做持久化存储
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4.4.1.2 在OpenShift中使用GlusterFS做持久化存储
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5. 领域应用
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5.1 微服务架构
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5.1.1 Istio
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5.1.1.1 安装istio
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5.1.1.2 配置请求的路由规则
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5.1.2 Linkerd
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5.1.2.1 Linkerd 使用指南
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5.1.3 微服务中的服务发现
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5.2 大数据
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5.2.1 Spark standalone on Kubernetes
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5.3 Serverless架构
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6. 开发指南
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6.1 开发环境搭建
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6.2 单元测试和集成测试
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6.3 client-go示例
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6.4 社区贡献
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7. 附录
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< a href = ".." > 4.1.8 安装dashboard插件< / a >
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< h1 id = "安装dashboard插件" > 安 装 dashboard插 件 < / h1 >
< p > 官 方 文 件 目 录 ： < code > kubernetes/cluster/addons/dashboard< / code > < / p >
< p > 我 们 使 用 的 文 件 < / p >
< pre > < code class = "lang-bash" > $ ls *.yaml
dashboard-controller.yaml dashboard-service.yaml dashboard-rbac.yaml
< / code > < / pre >
< p > 已 经 修 改 好 的 yaml 文 件 见 ： < a href = "../manifests/dashboard" > dashboard< / a > < / p >
< p > 由 于 < code > kube-apiserver< / code > 启 用 了 < code > RBAC< / code > 授 权 ， 而 官 方 源 码 目 录 的 < code > dashboard-controller.yaml< / code > 没 有 定 义 授 权 的 ServiceAccount， 所 以 后 续 访 问 < code > kube-apiserver< / code > 的 API 时 会 被 拒 绝 ， web中 提 示 ： < / p >
< pre > < code > Forbidden (403)
User " system:serviceaccount:kube-system:default" cannot list jobs.batch in the namespace " default" . (get jobs.batch)
< / code > < / pre > < p > 增 加 了 一 个 < code > dashboard-rbac.yaml< / code > 文 件 ， 定 义 一 个 名 为 dashboard 的 ServiceAccount， 然 后 将 它 和 Cluster Role view 绑 定 。 < / p >
< h2 id = "配置dashboard-service" > 配 置 dashboard-service< / h2 >
< pre > < code class = "lang-bash" > $ diff dashboard-service.yaml.orig dashboard-service.yaml
10a11
> < span class = "hljs-built_in" > type< / span > : NodePort
< / code > < / pre >
< ul >
< li > 指 定 端 口 类 型 为 NodePort， 这 样 外 界 可 以 通 过 地 址 nodeIP:nodePort 访 问 dashboard； < / li >
< / ul >
< h2 id = "配置dashboard-controller" > 配 置 dashboard-controller< / h2 >
< pre > < code class = "lang-bash" > $ diff dashboard-controller.yaml.orig dashboard-controller.yaml
23c23
< image: gcr.io/google_containers/kubernetes-dashboard-amd64:v1.6.0
---
> image: sz-pg-oam-docker-hub-001.tendcloud.com/library/kubernetes-dashboard-amd64:v1.6.0
< / code > < / pre >
< h2 id = "执行所有定义文件" > 执 行 所 有 定 义 文 件 < / h2 >
< pre > < code class = "lang-bash" > $ < span class = "hljs-built_in" > pwd< / span >
/root/kubernetes/cluster/addons/dashboard
$ ls *.yaml
dashboard-controller.yaml dashboard-service.yaml
$ kubectl create < span class = "hljs-_" > -f< / span > .
service < span class = "hljs-string" > " kubernetes-dashboard" < / span > created
deployment < span class = "hljs-string" > " kubernetes-dashboard" < / span > created
< / code > < / pre >
< h2 id = "检查执行结果" > 检 查 执 行 结 果 < / h2 >
< p > 查 看 分 配 的 NodePort< / p >
< pre > < code class = "lang-bash" > $ kubectl get services kubernetes-dashboard -n kube-system
NAME CLUSTER-IP EXTERNAL-IP PORT(S) AGE
kubernetes-dashboard 10.254.224.130 < nodes> 80:30312/TCP 25s
< / code > < / pre >
< ul >
< li > NodePort 30312映 射 到 dashboard pod 80端 口 ； < / li >
< / ul >
< p > 检 查 controller< / p >
< pre > < code class = "lang-bash" > $ kubectl get deployment kubernetes-dashboard -n kube-system
NAME DESIRED CURRENT UP-TO-DATE AVAILABLE AGE
kubernetes-dashboard 1 1 1 1 3m
$ kubectl get pods -n kube-system | grep dashboard
kubernetes-dashboard-1339745653-pmn6z 1/1 Running 0 4m
< / code > < / pre >
< h2 id = "访问dashboard" > 访 问 dashboard< / h2 >
< p > 有 以 下 三 种 方 式 ： < / p >
< ul >
< li > kubernetes-dashboard 服 务 暴 露 了 NodePort， 可 以 使 用 < code > http://NodeIP:nodePort< / code > 地 址 访 问 dashboard； < / li >
< li > 通 过 kube-apiserver 访 问 dashboard（ https 6443端 口 和 http 8080端 口 方 式 ） ； < / li >
< li > 通 过 kubectl proxy 访 问 dashboard： < / li >
< / ul >
< h3 id = "通过-kubectl-proxy-访问-dashboard" > 通 过 kubectl proxy 访 问 dashboard< / h3 >
< p > 启 动 代 理 < / p >
< pre > < code class = "lang-bash" > $ kubectl proxy --address=< span class = "hljs-string" > ' 172.20.0.113' < / span > --port=8086 --accept-hosts=< span class = "hljs-string" > ' ^*$' < / span >
Starting to serve on 172.20.0.113:8086
< / code > < / pre >
< ul >
< li > 需 要 指 定 < code > --accept-hosts< / code > 选 项 ， 否 则 浏 览 器 访 问 dashboard 页 面 时 提 示 “ Unauthorized” ； < / li >
< / ul >
< p > 浏 览 器 访 问 URL： < code > http://172.20.0.113:8086/ui< / code >
自 动 跳 转 到 ： < code > http://172.20.0.113:8086/api/v1/proxy/namespaces/kube-system/services/kubernetes-dashboard/#/workload?namespace=default< / code > < / p >
< h3 id = "通过-kube-apiserver-访问dashboard" > 通 过 kube-apiserver 访 问 dashboard< / h3 >
< p > 获 取 集 群 服 务 地 址 列 表 < / p >
< pre > < code class = "lang-bash" > $ kubectl cluster-info
Kubernetes master is running at https://172.20.0.113:6443
KubeDNS is running at https://172.20.0.113:6443/api/v1/proxy/namespaces/kube-system/services/kube-dns
kubernetes-dashboard is running at https://172.20.0.113:6443/api/v1/proxy/namespaces/kube-system/services/kubernetes-dashboard
< / code > < / pre >
< p > 浏 览 器 访 问 URL： < code > https://172.20.0.113:6443/api/v1/proxy/namespaces/kube-system/services/kubernetes-dashboard< / code > （ 浏 览 器 会 提 示 证 书 验 证 ， 因 为 通 过 加 密 通 道 ， 以 改 方 式 访 问 的 话 ， 需 要 提 前 导 入 证 书 到 你 的 计 算 机 中 ） 。 这 是 我 当 时 在 这 遇 到 的 坑 ： < a href = "https://github.com/opsnull/follow-me-install-kubernetes-cluster/issues/5" target = "_blank" > 通 过 kube-apiserver 访 问 dashboard， 提 示 User " system:anonymous" cannot proxy services in the namespace " kube-system" . #5< / a > ， 已 经 解 决 。 < / p >
< p > < strong > 导 入 证 书 < / strong > < / p >
< p > 将 生 成 的 admin.pem证 书 转 换 格 式 < / p >
< pre > < code > openssl pkcs12 -export -in admin.pem -out admin.p12 -inkey admin-key.pem
< / code > < / pre > < p > 将 生 成 的 < code > admin.p12< / code > 证 书 导 入 的 你 的 电 脑 ， 导 出 的 时 候 记 住 你 设 置 的 密 码 ， 导 入 的 时 候 还 要 用 到 。 < / p >
< p > 如 果 你 不 想 使 用 < strong > https< / strong > 的 话 ， 可 以 直 接 访 问 insecure port 8080端 口 :< code > http://172.20.0.113:8080/api/v1/proxy/namespaces/kube-system/services/kubernetes-dashboard< / code > < / p >
< figure id = "fig1.4.1.8.1" > < img src = "http://olz1di9xf.bkt.clouddn.com/kubernetes-dashboard-raw.jpg" alt = "kubernetes-dashboard" > < figcaption > Figure: kubernetes-dashboard< / figcaption > < / figure >
< p > 由 于 缺 少 Heapster 插 件 ， 当 前 dashboard 不 能 展 示 Pod、 Nodes 的 CPU、 内 存 等 metric 图 形 。 < / p >
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