2017-08-21 17:44:43 +08:00
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<title>3.5.1 适用于kubernetes的应用开发部署流程 · Kubernetes Handbook</title>
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<meta name="author" content="Jimmy Song">
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2017-08-21 18:44:34 +08:00
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<link rel="next" href="migrating-hadoop-yarn-to-kubernetes.html" />
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2017-08-21 17:44:43 +08:00
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<link rel="prev" href="application-development-deployment-flow.html" />
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<a href="../">
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1. 前言
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</a>
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<a href="../concepts/">
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2. 概念原理
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</a>
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<ul class="articles">
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<a href="../concepts/concepts.html">
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2.1 设计理念
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</a>
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</li>
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<li class="chapter " data-level="1.2.2" data-path="../concepts/objects.html">
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<a href="../concepts/objects.html">
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2.2 主要概念
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</a>
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<ul class="articles">
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<li class="chapter " data-level="1.2.2.1" data-path="../concepts/pod-overview.html">
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<a href="../concepts/pod-overview.html">
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2.2.1 Pod
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</a>
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<ul class="articles">
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<li class="chapter " data-level="1.2.2.1.1" data-path="../concepts/pod.html">
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<a href="../concepts/pod.html">
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2.2.1.1 Pod解析
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</a>
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</li>
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</ul>
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</li>
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<li class="chapter " data-level="1.2.2.2" data-path="../concepts/node.html">
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<a href="../concepts/node.html">
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2.2.2 Node
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</a>
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</li>
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<li class="chapter " data-level="1.2.2.3" data-path="../concepts/namespace.html">
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<a href="../concepts/namespace.html">
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2.2.3 Namespace
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</a>
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</li>
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<li class="chapter " data-level="1.2.2.4" data-path="../concepts/service.html">
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<a href="../concepts/service.html">
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2.2.4 Service
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</a>
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</li>
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<li class="chapter " data-level="1.2.2.5" data-path="../concepts/volume.html">
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<a href="../concepts/volume.html">
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2.2.5 Volume和Persistent Volume
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</a>
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</li>
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<li class="chapter " data-level="1.2.2.6" data-path="../concepts/deployment.html">
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<a href="../concepts/deployment.html">
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2.2.6 Deployment
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</a>
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</li>
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<li class="chapter " data-level="1.2.2.7" data-path="../concepts/secret.html">
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<a href="../concepts/secret.html">
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2.2.7 Secret
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</a>
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</li>
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<li class="chapter " data-level="1.2.2.8" data-path="../concepts/statefulset.html">
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<a href="../concepts/statefulset.html">
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2.2.8 StatefulSet
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</a>
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</li>
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<li class="chapter " data-level="1.2.2.9" data-path="../concepts/daemonset.html">
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<a href="../concepts/daemonset.html">
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2.2.9 DaemonSet
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</a>
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</li>
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<li class="chapter " data-level="1.2.2.10" data-path="../concepts/serviceaccount.html">
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<a href="../concepts/serviceaccount.html">
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2.2.10 ServiceAccount
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</a>
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</li>
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<li class="chapter " data-level="1.2.2.11" data-path="../concepts/replicaset.html">
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<a href="../concepts/replicaset.html">
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2.2.11 ReplicationController和ReplicaSet
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</a>
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</li>
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<li class="chapter " data-level="1.2.2.12" data-path="../concepts/job.html">
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<a href="../concepts/job.html">
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2.2.12 Job
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</a>
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</li>
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<li class="chapter " data-level="1.2.2.13" data-path="../concepts/cronjob.html">
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<a href="../concepts/cronjob.html">
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2.2.13 CronJob
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</a>
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</li>
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<li class="chapter " data-level="1.2.2.14" data-path="../concepts/ingress.html">
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<a href="../concepts/ingress.html">
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2.2.14 Ingress
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</a>
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</li>
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<li class="chapter " data-level="1.2.2.15" data-path="../concepts/configmap.html">
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<a href="../concepts/configmap.html">
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2.2.15 ConfigMap
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</a>
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</li>
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<li class="chapter " data-level="1.2.2.16" data-path="../concepts/horizontal-pod-autoscaling.html">
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<a href="../concepts/horizontal-pod-autoscaling.html">
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2.2.16 Horizontal Pod Autoscaling
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</a>
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</li>
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<li class="chapter " data-level="1.2.2.17" data-path="../concepts/label.html">
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<a href="../concepts/label.html">
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2.2.17 Label
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</a>
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</li>
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</ul>
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</li>
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</ul>
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</li>
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<li class="chapter " data-level="1.3" data-path="./">
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<a href="./">
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3. 用户指南
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</a>
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<ul class="articles">
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<li class="chapter " data-level="1.3.1" data-path="resource-configuration.html">
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<a href="resource-configuration.html">
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3.1 资源配置
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</a>
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<ul class="articles">
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<li class="chapter " data-level="1.3.1.1" data-path="configure-liveness-readiness-probes.html">
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<a href="configure-liveness-readiness-probes.html">
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3.1.1 配置Pod的liveness和readiness探针
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</a>
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</li>
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<li class="chapter " data-level="1.3.1.2" data-path="configure-pod-service-account.html">
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<a href="configure-pod-service-account.html">
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3.1.2 配置Pod的Service Account
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</a>
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</li>
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</ul>
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</li>
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<li class="chapter " data-level="1.3.2" data-path="command-usage.html">
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<a href="command-usage.html">
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3.2 命令使用
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</a>
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<ul class="articles">
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<li class="chapter " data-level="1.3.2.1" data-path="using-kubectl.html">
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<a href="using-kubectl.html">
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3.2.1 使用kubectl
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</a>
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</li>
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</ul>
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</li>
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<li class="chapter " data-level="1.3.3" data-path="cluster-management.html">
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<a href="cluster-management.html">
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3.3 集群管理
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</a>
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<ul class="articles">
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<li class="chapter " data-level="1.3.3.1" data-path="managing-tls-in-a-cluster.html">
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<a href="managing-tls-in-a-cluster.html">
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3.3.1 管理集群中的TLS
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</a>
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2017-08-21 18:44:34 +08:00
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</li>
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<li class="chapter " data-level="1.3.3.2" data-path="kubelet-authentication-authorization.html">
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<a href="kubelet-authentication-authorization.html">
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3.3.2 kubelet的认证授权
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</a>
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</li>
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<li class="chapter " data-level="1.3.3.3" data-path="tls-bootstrapping.html">
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<a href="tls-bootstrapping.html">
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3.3.3 TLS bootstrap
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</a>
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2017-08-21 17:44:43 +08:00
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</li>
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</ul>
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</li>
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<li class="chapter " data-level="1.3.4" data-path="access-kubernetes-cluster.html">
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<a href="access-kubernetes-cluster.html">
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3.4 访问 Kubernetes 集群
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</a>
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<ul class="articles">
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<li class="chapter " data-level="1.3.4.1" data-path="access-cluster.html">
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<a href="access-cluster.html">
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3.4.1 访问集群
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</a>
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</li>
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<li class="chapter " data-level="1.3.4.2" data-path="authenticate-across-clusters-kubeconfig.html">
|
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<a href="authenticate-across-clusters-kubeconfig.html">
|
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3.4.2 使用 kubeconfig 文件配置跨集群认证
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</a>
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</li>
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<li class="chapter " data-level="1.3.4.3" data-path="connecting-to-applications-port-forward.html">
|
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<a href="connecting-to-applications-port-forward.html">
|
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3.4.3 通过端口转发访问集群中的应用程序
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</a>
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</li>
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<li class="chapter " data-level="1.3.4.4" data-path="service-access-application-cluster.html">
|
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<a href="service-access-application-cluster.html">
|
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3.4.4 使用 service 访问群集中的应用程序
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</a>
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</li>
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</ul>
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</li>
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<li class="chapter " data-level="1.3.5" data-path="application-development-deployment-flow.html">
|
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<a href="application-development-deployment-flow.html">
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3.5 在kubernetes中开发部署应用
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</a>
|
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<ul class="articles">
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<li class="chapter active" data-level="1.3.5.1" data-path="deploy-applications-in-kubernetes.html">
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<a href="deploy-applications-in-kubernetes.html">
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3.5.1 适用于kubernetes的应用开发部署流程
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</a>
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|
2017-08-21 18:44:34 +08:00
|
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</li>
|
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|
<li class="chapter " data-level="1.3.5.2" data-path="migrating-hadoop-yarn-to-kubernetes.html">
|
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<a href="migrating-hadoop-yarn-to-kubernetes.html">
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3.5.2 迁移传统应用到kubernetes中——以Hadoop YARN为例
|
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</a>
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|
2017-08-21 17:44:43 +08:00
|
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</li>
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</ul>
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</li>
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</ul>
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</li>
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<li class="chapter " data-level="1.4" data-path="../practice/">
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|
<a href="../practice/">
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4. 最佳实践
|
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</a>
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<ul class="articles">
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<li class="chapter " data-level="1.4.1" data-path="../practice/install-kbernetes1.6-on-centos.html">
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<a href="../practice/install-kbernetes1.6-on-centos.html">
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4.1 在CentOS上部署kubernetes1.6集群
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</a>
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<ul class="articles">
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<li class="chapter " data-level="1.4.1.1" data-path="../practice/create-tls-and-secret-key.html">
|
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<a href="../practice/create-tls-and-secret-key.html">
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4.1.1 创建TLS证书和秘钥
|
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</a>
|
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</li>
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<li class="chapter " data-level="1.4.1.2" data-path="../practice/create-kubeconfig.html">
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<a href="../practice/create-kubeconfig.html">
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4.1.2 创建kubeconfig文件
|
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</a>
|
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</li>
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<li class="chapter " data-level="1.4.1.3" data-path="../practice/etcd-cluster-installation.html">
|
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<a href="../practice/etcd-cluster-installation.html">
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4.1.3 创建高可用etcd集群
|
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</a>
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</li>
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<li class="chapter " data-level="1.4.1.4" data-path="../practice/kubectl-installation.html">
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<a href="../practice/kubectl-installation.html">
|
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4.1.4 安装kubectl命令行工具
|
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</a>
|
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</li>
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<li class="chapter " data-level="1.4.1.5" data-path="../practice/master-installation.html">
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<a href="../practice/master-installation.html">
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4.1.5 部署master节点
|
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</a>
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</li>
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<li class="chapter " data-level="1.4.1.6" data-path="../practice/node-installation.html">
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<a href="../practice/node-installation.html">
|
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4.1.6 部署node节点
|
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</a>
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</li>
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<li class="chapter " data-level="1.4.1.7" data-path="../practice/kubedns-addon-installation.html">
|
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<a href="../practice/kubedns-addon-installation.html">
|
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4.1.7 安装kubedns插件
|
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</a>
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</li>
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<li class="chapter " data-level="1.4.1.8" data-path="../practice/dashboard-addon-installation.html">
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<a href="../practice/dashboard-addon-installation.html">
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4.1.8 安装dashboard插件
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</a>
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</li>
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<li class="chapter " data-level="1.4.1.9" data-path="../practice/heapster-addon-installation.html">
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<a href="../practice/heapster-addon-installation.html">
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4.1.9 安装heapster插件
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</a>
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</li>
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<li class="chapter " data-level="1.4.1.10" data-path="../practice/efk-addon-installation.html">
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<a href="../practice/efk-addon-installation.html">
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4.1.10 安装EFK插件
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</a>
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</li>
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</ul>
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</li>
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<li class="chapter " data-level="1.4.2" data-path="../practice/service-discovery-and-loadbalancing.html">
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<a href="../practice/service-discovery-and-loadbalancing.html">
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4.2 服务发现与负载均衡
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</a>
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<ul class="articles">
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<li class="chapter " data-level="1.4.2.1" data-path="../practice/traefik-ingress-installation.html">
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<a href="../practice/traefik-ingress-installation.html">
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4.2.1 安装Traefik ingress
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</a>
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</li>
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<li class="chapter " data-level="1.4.2.2" data-path="../practice/distributed-load-test.html">
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<a href="../practice/distributed-load-test.html">
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4.2.2 分布式负载测试
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</a>
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</li>
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<li class="chapter " data-level="1.4.2.3" data-path="../practice/network-and-cluster-perfermance-test.html">
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<a href="../practice/network-and-cluster-perfermance-test.html">
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4.2.3 网络和集群性能测试
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</a>
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</li>
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<li class="chapter " data-level="1.4.2.4" data-path="../practice/edge-node-configuration.html">
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<a href="../practice/edge-node-configuration.html">
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4.2.4 边缘节点配置
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</a>
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</li>
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</ul>
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</li>
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<li class="chapter " data-level="1.4.3" data-path="../practice/operation.html">
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<a href="../practice/operation.html">
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4.3 运维管理
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</a>
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<ul class="articles">
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<li class="chapter " data-level="1.4.3.1" data-path="../practice/service-rolling-update.html">
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<a href="../practice/service-rolling-update.html">
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4.3.1 服务滚动升级
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</a>
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</li>
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<li class="chapter " data-level="1.4.3.2" data-path="../practice/app-log-collection.html">
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<a href="../practice/app-log-collection.html">
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4.3.2 应用日志收集
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</a>
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</li>
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<li class="chapter " data-level="1.4.3.3" data-path="../practice/configuration-best-practice.html">
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<a href="../practice/configuration-best-practice.html">
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4.3.3 配置最佳实践
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</a>
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</li>
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<li class="chapter " data-level="1.4.3.4" data-path="../practice/monitor.html">
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<a href="../practice/monitor.html">
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4.3.4 集群及应用监控
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</a>
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</li>
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<li class="chapter " data-level="1.4.3.5" data-path="../practice/jenkins-ci-cd.html">
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<a href="../practice/jenkins-ci-cd.html">
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4.3.5 使用Jenkins进行持续构建与发布
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</a>
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</li>
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<li class="chapter " data-level="1.4.3.6" data-path="../practice/data-persistence-problem.html">
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<a href="../practice/data-persistence-problem.html">
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4.3.6 数据持久化问题
|
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</a>
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</li>
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</ul>
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</li>
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<li class="chapter " data-level="1.4.4" data-path="../practice/storage.html">
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<a href="../practice/storage.html">
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4.4 存储管理
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</a>
|
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<ul class="articles">
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<li class="chapter " data-level="1.4.4.1" data-path="../practice/glusterfs.html">
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<a href="../practice/glusterfs.html">
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4.4.1 GlusterFS
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</a>
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<ul class="articles">
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<li class="chapter " data-level="1.4.4.1.1" data-path="../practice/using-glusterfs-for-persistent-storage.html">
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<a href="../practice/using-glusterfs-for-persistent-storage.html">
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4.4.1.1 使用GlusterFS做持久化存储
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</a>
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</li>
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<li class="chapter " data-level="1.4.4.1.2" data-path="../practice/storage-for-containers-using-glusterfs-with-openshift.html">
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<a href="../practice/storage-for-containers-using-glusterfs-with-openshift.html">
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4.4.1.2 在OpenShift中使用GlusterFS做持久化存储
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</a>
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</li>
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</ul>
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</li>
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</ul>
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</li>
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</ul>
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</li>
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<li class="chapter " data-level="1.5" data-path="../usecases/">
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<a href="../usecases/">
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5. 领域应用
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</a>
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<ul class="articles">
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<li class="chapter " data-level="1.5.1" data-path="../usecases/microservices.html">
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<a href="../usecases/microservices.html">
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5.1 微服务架构
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</a>
|
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<ul class="articles">
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<li class="chapter " data-level="1.5.1.1" data-path="../usecases/istio.html">
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<a href="../usecases/istio.html">
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5.1.1 Istio
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</a>
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<ul class="articles">
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<li class="chapter " data-level="1.5.1.1.1" data-path="../usecases/istio-installation.html">
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<a href="../usecases/istio-installation.html">
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5.1.1.1 安装istio
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</a>
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</li>
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<li class="chapter " data-level="1.5.1.1.2" data-path="../usecases/configuring-request-routing.html">
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<a href="../usecases/configuring-request-routing.html">
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5.1.1.2 配置请求的路由规则
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</a>
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</li>
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</ul>
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</li>
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<li class="chapter " data-level="1.5.1.2" data-path="../usecases/linkerd.html">
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<a href="../usecases/linkerd.html">
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5.1.2 Linkerd
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</a>
|
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<ul class="articles">
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<li class="chapter " data-level="1.5.1.2.1" data-path="../usecases/linkerd-user-guide.html">
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<a href="../usecases/linkerd-user-guide.html">
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5.1.2.1 Linkerd 使用指南
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</a>
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</li>
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</ul>
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</li>
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<li class="chapter " data-level="1.5.1.3" data-path="../usecases/service-discovery-in-microservices.html">
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<a href="../usecases/service-discovery-in-microservices.html">
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5.1.3 微服务中的服务发现
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</a>
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<li class="chapter " data-level="1.5.2" data-path="../usecases/big-data.html">
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<a href="../usecases/big-data.html">
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5.2 大数据
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</a>
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<li class="chapter " data-level="1.5.2.1" data-path="../usecases/spark-on-kubernetes.html">
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<a href="../usecases/spark-on-kubernetes.html">
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5.2.1 Spark on Kubernetes
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<li class="chapter " data-level="1.6" data-path="../develop/">
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<a href="../develop/">
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6. 开发指南
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</a>
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<li class="chapter " data-level="1.6.1" data-path="../develop/developing-environment.html">
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<a href="../develop/developing-environment.html">
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6.1 开发环境搭建
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<li class="chapter " data-level="1.6.2" data-path="../develop/testing.html">
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<a href="../develop/testing.html">
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6.2 单元测试和集成测试
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<li class="chapter " data-level="1.6.3" data-path="../develop/client-go-sample.html">
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<a href="../develop/client-go-sample.html">
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6.3 client-go示例
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<li class="chapter " data-level="1.6.4" data-path="../develop/contribute.html">
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<a href="../develop/contribute.html">
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6.4 社区贡献
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<li class="chapter " data-level="1.7" data-path="../appendix/">
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<a href="../appendix/">
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7. 附录
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</a>
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<li class="chapter " data-level="1.7.1" data-path="../appendix/docker-best-practice.html">
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<a href="../appendix/docker-best-practice.html">
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7.1 Docker最佳实践
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<li class="chapter " data-level="1.7.2" data-path="../appendix/issues.html">
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<a href="../appendix/issues.html">
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7.2 问题记录
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</a>
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<li class="chapter " data-level="1.7.3" data-path="../appendix/tricks.html">
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<a href="../appendix/tricks.html">
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7.3 使用技巧
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<li class="divider"></li>
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<li>
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<a href="https://www.gitbook.com" target="blank" class="gitbook-link">
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本書使用 GitBook 釋出
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</a>
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<div class="book-body">
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<div class="body-inner">
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<div class="book-header" role="navigation">
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<!-- Title -->
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<h1>
|
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<i class="fa fa-circle-o-notch fa-spin"></i>
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<a href=".." >3.5.1 适用于kubernetes的应用开发部署流程</a>
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</h1>
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</div>
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<div class="page-inner">
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<div class="search-plus" id="book-search-results">
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<div class="search-noresults">
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<section class="normal markdown-section">
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<h1 id="适用于kubernetes的应用开发部署流程">适用于kubernetes的应用开发部署流程</h1>
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<p>为了讲解详细流程，我特意写了两个示例程序放在GitHub中，模拟监控流程：</p>
|
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<ul>
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|
<li><a href="https://github.com/rootsongjc/k8s-app-monitor-test" target="_blank">k8s-app-monitor-test</a>：生成模拟的监控数据，发送http请求，获取json返回值</li>
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|
<li><a href="https://github.com/rootsongjc/k8s-app-monitor-agent" target="_blank">K8s-app-monitor-agent</a>：获取监控数据并绘图，访问浏览器获取图表</li>
|
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</ul>
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<p>API文档见<a href="https://github.com/rootsongjc/k8s-app-monitor-test" target="_blank">k8s-app-monitor-test</a>中的<code>api.html</code>文件，该文档在API blueprint中定义，使用<a href="https://github.com/danielgtaylor/aglio" target="_blank">aglio</a>生成，打开后如图所示：</p>
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|
<figure id="fig1.3.5.1.1"><img src="../images/k8s-app-monitor-test-api-doc.jpg" alt="API"><figcaption>Figure: API</figcaption></figure>
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<p><strong>关于服务发现</strong></p>
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|
<p><code>K8s-app-monitor-agent</code>服务需要访问<code>k8s-app-monitor-test</code>服务，这就涉及到服务发现的问题，我们在代码中直接写死了要访问的服务的内网DNS地址（kubedns中的地址，即<code>k8s-app-monitor-test.default.svc.cluster.local</code>）。</p>
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|
<p>我们知道Kubernetes在启动Pod的时候为容器注入环境变量，这些环境变量在所有的 namespace 中共享（环境变量是不断追加的，新启动的Pod中将拥有老的Pod中所有的环境变量，而老的Pod中的环境变量不变）。但是既然使用这些环境变量就已经可以访问到对应的service，那么获取应用的地址信息，究竟是使用变量呢？还是直接使用DNS解析来发现？</p>
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|
<p>答案是使用DNS，详细说明见<a href="http://rootsongjc.github.io/blogs/exploring-kubernetes-env-with-docker/" target="_blank">Kubernetes中的服务发现与Docker容器间的环境变量传递源码探究</a>。</p>
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<p><strong>打包镜像</strong></p>
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|
<p>因为我使用wercker自动构建，构建完成后自动打包成docker镜像并上传到docker hub中（需要现在docker hub中创建repo）。</p>
|
|
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|
|
<p>构建流程见：<a href="https://app.wercker.com/jimmysong/k8s-app-monitor-agent/" target="_blank">https://app.wercker.com/jimmysong/k8s-app-monitor-agent/</a></p>
|
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|
<figure id="fig1.3.5.1.2"><img src="../images/k8s-app-monitor-agent-wercker.jpg" alt="wercker"><figcaption>Figure: wercker</figcaption></figure>
|
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|
|
<p>生成了如下两个docker镜像：</p>
|
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|
|
<ul>
|
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|
|
<li>jimmysong/k8s-app-monitor-test:latest</li>
|
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|
<li>jimmysong/k8s-app-monitor-agent:latest</li>
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</ul>
|
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|
|
<p><strong>启动服务</strong></p>
|
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|
|
<p>所有的kubernetes应用启动所用的yaml配置文件都保存在那两个GitHub仓库的<code>manifest.yaml</code>文件中。</p>
|
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|
|
<p>分别在两个GitHub目录下执行<code>kubectl create -f manifest.yaml</code>即可启动服务。</p>
|
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|
|
<p><strong>外部访问</strong></p>
|
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|
|
<p>服务启动后需要更新ingress配置，在<a href="../manifests/traefik-ingress/ingress.yaml">ingress.yaml</a>文件中增加以下几行：</p>
|
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|
<pre><code class="lang-Yaml"><span class="hljs-attr"> - host:</span> k8s-app-monitor-agent.jimmysong.io
|
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<span class="hljs-attr"> http:</span>
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<span class="hljs-attr"> paths:</span>
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<span class="hljs-attr"> - path:</span> /
|
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<span class="hljs-attr"> backend:</span>
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<span class="hljs-attr"> serviceName:</span> k8s-app-monitor-agent
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|
<span class="hljs-attr"> servicePort:</span> <span class="hljs-number">8080</span>
|
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|
</code></pre>
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|
<p>保存后，然后执行<code>kubectl replace -f ingress.yaml</code>即可刷新ingress。</p>
|
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|
<p>修改本机的<code>/etc/hosts</code>文件，在其中加入以下一行：</p>
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|
<pre><code>172.20.0.119 k8s-app-monitor-agent.jimmysong.io
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</code></pre><p>当然你也可以加入到DNS中，为了简单起见我使用hosts。</p>
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|
<p>详见<a href="practice/edge-node-configuration.md">边缘节点配置</a>。</p>
|
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|
|
<p>在浏览器中访问<a href="http://k8s-app-monitor-agent.jimmysong.io" target="_blank">http://k8s-app-monitor-agent.jimmysong.io</a></p>
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|
<p><img src="../images/k8s-app-monitor-agent.jpg" alt="图表"> </p>
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<footer class="page-footer-ex"> <span class="page-footer-ex-copyright">for GitBook</span>           <span class="page-footer-ex-footer-update">update
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2017-08-21 18:44:34 +08:00
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2017-08-21 18:23:34
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2017-08-21 17:44:43 +08:00
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</span></footer>
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<a href="application-development-deployment-flow.html" class="navigation navigation-prev " aria-label="Previous page: 3.5 在kubernetes中开发部署应用">
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2017-08-21 18:44:34 +08:00
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<a href="migrating-hadoop-yarn-to-kubernetes.html" class="navigation navigation-next " aria-label="Next page: 3.5.2 迁移传统应用到kubernetes中——以Hadoop YARN为例">
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<script>
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var gitbook = gitbook || [];
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gitbook.push(function() {
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2017-08-29 10:29:47 +08:00
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