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1. 前言
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2. 概念原理
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2.1 设计理念
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2.2 主要概念
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2.2.1 Pod
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2.2.1.1 Pod解析
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2.2.2 Node
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2.2.3 Namespace
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2.2.4 Service
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2.2.5 Volume和Persistent Volume
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2.2.6 Deployment
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2.2.7 Secret
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2.2.8 StatefulSet
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2.2.9 DaemonSet
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2.2.10 ServiceAccount
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2.2.11 ReplicationController和ReplicaSet
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2.2.12 Job
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2.2.13 CronJob
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2.2.14 Ingress
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2.2.15 ConfigMap
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2.2.16 Horizontal Pod Autoscaling
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2.2.17 Label
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3. 用户指南
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3.1 资源配置
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3.1.1 配置Pod的liveness和readiness探针
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3.1.2 配置Pod的Service Account
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3.2 命令使用
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3.2.1 使用kubectl
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3.3 集群管理
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3.3.1 管理集群中的TLS
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3.3.2 kubelet的认证授权
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3.3.3 TLS bootstrap
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3.4 访问 Kubernetes 集群
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3.4.1 访问集群
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3.4.2 使用 kubeconfig 文件配置跨集群认证
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3.4.3 通过端口转发访问集群中的应用程序
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3.4.4 使用 service 访问群集中的应用程序
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3.5 在kubernetes中开发部署应用
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3.5.1 适用于kubernetes的应用开发部署流程
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3.5.2 迁移传统应用到kubernetes中——以Hadoop YARN为例
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4. 最佳实践
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4.1 在CentOS上部署kubernetes1.6集群
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4.1.1 创建TLS证书和秘钥
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4.1.2 创建kubeconfig文件
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4.1.3 创建高可用etcd集群
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4.1.4 安装kubectl命令行工具
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4.1.5 部署master节点
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4.1.6 部署node节点
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4.1.7 安装kubedns插件
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4.1.8 安装dashboard插件
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4.1.9 安装heapster插件
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4.1.10 安装EFK插件
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4.2 服务发现与负载均衡
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4.2.1 安装Traefik ingress
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4.2.2 分布式负载测试
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4.2.3 网络和集群性能测试
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4.2.4 边缘节点配置
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4.3 运维管理
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4.3.1 服务滚动升级
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4.3.2 应用日志收集
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4.3.3 配置最佳实践
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4.3.4 集群及应用监控
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4.3.5 使用Jenkins进行持续构建与发布
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4.3.6 数据持久化问题
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4.4 存储管理
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4.4.1 GlusterFS
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4.4.1.1 使用GlusterFS做持久化存储
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4.4.1.2 在OpenShift中使用GlusterFS做持久化存储
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5. 领域应用
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5.1 微服务架构
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5.1.1 Istio
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5.1.1.1 安装istio
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5.1.1.2 配置请求的路由规则
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5.1.2 Linkerd
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5.1.2.1 Linkerd 使用指南
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5.1.3 微服务中的服务发现
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5.2 大数据
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5.2.1 Spark standalone on Kubernetes
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6. 开发指南
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6.1 开发环境搭建
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6.2 单元测试和集成测试
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6.3 client-go示例
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6.4 社区贡献
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7. 附录
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7.1 Docker最佳实践
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7.2 问题记录
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7.3 使用技巧
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< a href = ".." > 3.4.4 使用 service 访问群集中的应用程序< / a >
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< h1 id = "使用-service-访问群集中的应用程序" > 使 用 service 访 问 群 集 中 的 应 用 程 序 < / h1 >
< p > 本 文 向 您 展 示 如 何 创 建 Kubernetes Service 对 象 ， 外 部 客 户 端 可 以 使 用 它 来 访 问 集 群 中 运 行 的 应 用 程 序 。 该 Service 可 以 为 具 有 两 个 运 行 实 例 的 应 用 程 序 提 供 负 载 均 衡 。 < / p >
< h2 id = "目的" > 目 的 < / h2 >
< ul >
< li > 运 行 Hello World 应 用 程 序 的 两 个 实 例 。 < / li >
< li > 创 建 一 个 暴 露 node 节 点 端 口 的 Service 对 象 。 < / li >
< li > 使 用 Service 对 象 访 问 正 在 运 行 的 应 用 程 序 。 < / li >
< / ul >
< h2 id = "为在两个-pod-中运行的应用程序创建-service" > 为 在 两 个 pod 中 运 行 的 应 用 程 序 创 建 service< / h2 >
< ol >
< li > < p > 在 集 群 中 运 行 Hello World 应 用 程 序 ： < / p >
< pre > < code class = "lang-bash" > kubectl run hello-world --replicas=2 --labels=< span class = "hljs-string" > " run=load-balancer-example" < / span > --image=gcr.io/google-samples/node-hello:1.0 --port=8080
< / code > < / pre >
< p > 上 述 命 令 创 建 一 个 < a href = "https://github.com/rootsongjc/kubernetes.github.io/blob/0d907997e57e046bda9c4f5b5d615619181d571f/docs/concepts/workloads/controllers/deployment" target = "_blank" > Deployment< / a > 对 象 和 一 个 相 关 联 的 < a href = "https://github.com/rootsongjc/kubernetes.github.io/blob/0d907997e57e046bda9c4f5b5d615619181d571f/docs/concepts/workloads/controllers/replicaset" target = "_blank" > ReplicaSet< / a > 对 象 。 该 ReplicaSet 有 两 个 < a href = "https://github.com/rootsongjc/kubernetes.github.io/blob/0d907997e57e046bda9c4f5b5d615619181d571f/docs/concepts/workloads/pods/pod" target = "_blank" > Pod< / a > ， 每 个 Pod 中 都 运 行 一 个 Hello World 应 用 程 序 。 < / p >
< / li >
< li > < p > 显 示 关 于 该 Deployment 的 信 息 ： < / p >
< pre > < code class = "lang-bash" > kubectl get deployments hello-world
kubectl describe deployments hello-world
< / code > < / pre >
< / li >
< li > < p > 显 示 ReplicaSet 的 信 息 ： < / p >
< pre > < code > kubectl get replicasets
kubectl describe replicasets
< / code > < / pre > < / li >
< li > < p > 创 建 一 个 暴 露 该 Deployment 的 Service 对 象 ： < / p >
< pre > < code class = "lang-Bash" > kubectl expose deployment hello-world --type=NodePort --name=example-service
< / code > < / pre >
< / li >
< li > < p > 显 示 该 Service 的 信 息 ： < / p >
< pre > < code class = "lang-bash" > kubectl describe services example-service
< / code > < / pre >
< p > 输 出 类 似 于 ： < / p >
< pre > < code > Name: example-service
Namespace: default
Labels: run=load-balancer-example
Selector: run=load-balancer-example
Type: NodePort
IP: 10.32.0.16
Port: < unset> 8080/TCP
NodePort: < unset> 31496/TCP
Endpoints: 10.200.1.4:8080,10.200.2.5:8080
Session Affinity: None
No events.
< / code > < / pre > < p > 记 下 服 务 的 NodePort 值 。 例 如 ， 在 前 面 的 输 出 中 ， NodePort 值 为 31496。 < / p >
< / li >
< li > < p > 列 出 运 行 Hello World 应 用 程 序 的 Pod： < / p >
< pre > < code class = "lang-bash" > kubectl get pods --selector=< span class = "hljs-string" > " run=load-balancer-example" < / span > --output=wide
< / code > < / pre >
< p > 输 出 类 似 于 ： < / p >
< pre > < code > NAME READY STATUS ... IP NODE
hello-world-2895499144-bsbk5 1/1 Running ... 10.200.1.4 worker1
hello-world-2895499144-m1pwt 1/1 Running ... 10.200.2.5 worker2
< / code > < / pre > < / li >
< li > < p > 获 取 正 在 运 行 Hello World 应 用 程 序 的 Pod 的 其 中 一 个 节 点 的 public IP 地 址 。 如 何 得 到 这 个 地 址 取 决 于 您 的 集 群 设 置 。 例 如 ， 如 果 您 使 用 Minikube， 可 以 通 过 运 行 < code > kubectl cluster-info< / code > 查 看 节 点 地 址 。 如 果 您 是 使 用 Google Compute Engine 实 例 ， 可 以 使 用 < code > gcloud compute instances list< / code > 命 令 查 看 您 的 公 共 地 址 节 点 。 < / p >
< / li >
< li > < p > 在 您 选 择 的 节 点 上 ， 在 您 的 节 点 端 口 上 例 如 创 建 允 许 TCP 流 量 的 防 火 墙 规 则 ， 如 果 您 的 服 务 NodePort 值 为 31568， 创 建 防 火 墙 规 则 ， 允 许 端 口 31568 上 的 TCP流 量 。 < / p >
< / li >
< li > < p > 使 用 节 点 地 址 和 节 点 端 口 访 问 Hello World 应 用 程 序 ： < / p >
< pre > < code class = "lang-bash" > curl http://< public-node-ip> :< node-port>
< / code > < / pre >
< p > 其 中 < code > < public-node-ip> < / code > 是 您 节 点 的 public IP地 址 ， 而 < code > < node-port> < / code > 是 您 服 务 的 NodePort 值 。 < / p >
< p > 对 成 功 请 求 的 响 应 是 一 个 hello 消 息 ： < / p >
< pre > < code > Hello Kubernetes!
< / code > < / pre > < / li >
< / ol >
< h2 id = "使用-service-配置文件" > 使 用 Service 配 置 文 件 < / h2 >
< p > 作 为 使 用 < code > kubectl expose< / code > 的 替 代 方 法 ， 您 可 以 使 用 < a href = "https://github.com/rootsongjc/kubernetes.github.io/blob/0d907997e57e046bda9c4f5b5d615619181d571f/docs/user-guide/services/operations" target = "_blank" > service 配 置 文 件 < / a > 来 创 建 Service。 < / p >
< p > 要 删 除 Service， 输 入 以 下 命 令 ： < / p >
< pre > < code > kubectl delete services example-service
< / code > < / pre > < p > 删 除 Deployment、 ReplicaSet 和 正 运 行 在 Pod 中 的 Hello World 应 用 程 序 ， 输 入 以 下 命 令 ： < / p >
< pre > < code > kubectl delete deployment hello-world
< / code > < / pre > < p > 了 解 更 多 关 于 < a href = "https://github.com/rootsongjc/kubernetes.github.io/blob/0d907997e57e046bda9c4f5b5d615619181d571f/docs/concepts/services-networking/connect-applications-service" target = "_blank" > 使 用 service 连 接 应 用 程 序 < / a > 。 < / p >
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