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< title > 使用 Istio 前需要考虑的问题 · Kubernetes 中文指南——云原生应用架构实战手册< / title >
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< a href = "https://jimmysong.io" target = "_blank" class = "custom-link" > 回到主页< / a >
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< a href = "https://lib.jimmysong.io" target = "_blank" class = "custom-link" > 云原生资料库< / a >
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< a href = "https://jimmysong.io/awesome-cloud-native/" target = "_blank" class = "custom-link" > 云原生开源项目大全< / a >
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< a href = "https://cloudnative.to" target = "_blank" class = "custom-link" > 云原生社区< / a >
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< li class = "header" > 前言< / li >
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< b > 1.1.< / b >
序言
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< li class = "header" > 云原生< / li >
< li class = "chapter " data-level = "2.1" data-path = "../cloud-native/cloud-native-definition.html" >
< a href = "../cloud-native/cloud-native-definition.html" >
< b > 2.1.< / b >
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云原生的定义
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< / a >
< / li >
< li class = "chapter " data-level = "2.2" data-path = "../cloud-native/cloud-native-philosophy.html" >
< a href = "../cloud-native/cloud-native-philosophy.html" >
< b > 2.2.< / b >
云原生的设计哲学
< / a >
< / li >
< li class = "chapter " data-level = "2.3" data-path = "../cloud-native/kubernetes-history.html" >
< a href = "../cloud-native/kubernetes-history.html" >
< b > 2.3.< / b >
Kubernetes 的诞生
< / a >
< / li >
< li class = "chapter " data-level = "2.4" data-path = "../cloud-native/kubernetes-and-cloud-native-app-overview.html" >
< a href = "../cloud-native/kubernetes-and-cloud-native-app-overview.html" >
< b > 2.4.< / b >
Kubernetes 与云原生应用概览
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< / li >
< li class = "chapter " data-level = "2.5" data-path = "../cloud-native/from-kubernetes-to-cloud-native.html" >
< a href = "../cloud-native/from-kubernetes-to-cloud-native.html" >
< b > 2.5.< / b >
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云原生应用之路 —— 从 Kubernetes 到云原生
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< / a >
< / li >
< li class = "chapter " data-level = "2.6" data-path = "../cloud-native/define-cloud-native-app.html" >
< a href = "../cloud-native/define-cloud-native-app.html" >
< b > 2.6.< / b >
定义云原生应用
< / a >
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< li class = "chapter " data-level = "2.6.1" data-path = "../cloud-native/oam.html" >
< a href = "../cloud-native/oam.html" >
< b > 2.6.1.< / b >
OAM
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< li class = "chapter " data-level = "2.6.1.1" data-path = "../cloud-native/workload.html" >
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< b > 2.6.1.1.< / b >
Workload
< / a >
< / li >
< li class = "chapter " data-level = "2.6.1.2" data-path = "../cloud-native/component.html" >
< a href = "../cloud-native/component.html" >
< b > 2.6.1.2.< / b >
Component
< / a >
< / li >
< li class = "chapter " data-level = "2.6.1.3" data-path = "../cloud-native/trait.html" >
< a href = "../cloud-native/trait.html" >
< b > 2.6.1.3.< / b >
Trait
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< / li >
< li class = "chapter " data-level = "2.6.1.4" data-path = "../cloud-native/application-scope.html" >
< a href = "../cloud-native/application-scope.html" >
< b > 2.6.1.4.< / b >
Application Scope
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< li class = "chapter " data-level = "2.6.1.5" data-path = "../cloud-native/application-configuration.html" >
< a href = "../cloud-native/application-configuration.html" >
< b > 2.6.1.5.< / b >
Application Configuration
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< / ul >
< / li >
< li class = "chapter " data-level = "2.6.2" data-path = "../cloud-native/crossplane.html" >
< a href = "../cloud-native/crossplane.html" >
< b > 2.6.2.< / b >
Crossplane
< / a >
< / li >
< / ul >
< / li >
< li class = "chapter " data-level = "2.7" data-path = "../cloud-native/cloud-native-programming-languages.html" >
< a href = "../cloud-native/cloud-native-programming-languages.html" >
< b > 2.7.< / b >
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云原生平台配置语言
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< / a >
< ul class = "articles" >
< li class = "chapter " data-level = "2.7.1" data-path = "../cloud-native/cloud-native-programming-language-ballerina.html" >
< a href = "../cloud-native/cloud-native-programming-language-ballerina.html" >
< b > 2.7.1.< / b >
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Ballerina
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< / a >
< / li >
< li class = "chapter " data-level = "2.7.2" data-path = "../cloud-native/cloud-native-programming-language-pulumi.html" >
< a href = "../cloud-native/cloud-native-programming-language-pulumi.html" >
< b > 2.7.2.< / b >
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Pulumi
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< / a >
< / li >
< / ul >
< / li >
< li class = "chapter " data-level = "2.8" data-path = "../cloud-native/the-future-of-cloud-native.html" >
< a href = "../cloud-native/the-future-of-cloud-native.html" >
< b > 2.8.< / b >
云原生的未来
< / a >
< / li >
< li class = "header" > 快速入门< / li >
< li class = "chapter " data-level = "3.1" data-path = "../cloud-native/quick-start.html" >
< a href = "../cloud-native/quick-start.html" >
< b > 3.1.< / b >
云原生新手入门指南
< / a >
< / li >
< li class = "chapter " data-level = "3.2" data-path = "../cloud-native/play-with-kubernetes.html" >
< a href = "../cloud-native/play-with-kubernetes.html" >
< b > 3.2.< / b >
Play with Kubernetes
< / a >
< / li >
< li class = "chapter " data-level = "3.3" data-path = "../cloud-native/cloud-native-local-quick-start.html" >
< a href = "../cloud-native/cloud-native-local-quick-start.html" >
< b > 3.3.< / b >
快速部署一个云原生本地实验环境
< / a >
< / li >
< li class = "chapter " data-level = "3.4" data-path = "../cloud-native/setup-kubernetes-with-rancher-and-aliyun.html" >
< a href = "../cloud-native/setup-kubernetes-with-rancher-and-aliyun.html" >
< b > 3.4.< / b >
使用 Rancher 在阿里云上部署 Kubenretes 集群
< / a >
< / li >
< li class = "header" > 概念与原理< / li >
< li class = "chapter " data-level = "4.1" data-path = "../concepts/" >
< a href = "../concepts/" >
< b > 4.1.< / b >
Kubernetes 架构
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< a href = "../concepts/concepts.html" >
< b > 4.1.1.< / b >
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Kubernetes 的设计理念
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< / a >
< / li >
< li class = "chapter " data-level = "4.1.2" data-path = "../concepts/etcd.html" >
< a href = "../concepts/etcd.html" >
< b > 4.1.2.< / b >
Etcd 解析
< / a >
< / li >
< li class = "chapter " data-level = "4.1.3" data-path = "../concepts/open-interfaces.html" >
< a href = "../concepts/open-interfaces.html" >
< b > 4.1.3.< / b >
开放接口
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< a href = "../concepts/cri.html" >
< b > 4.1.3.1.< / b >
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容器运行时接口（ ）
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< / a >
< / li >
< li class = "chapter " data-level = "4.1.3.2" data-path = "../concepts/cni.html" >
< a href = "../concepts/cni.html" >
< b > 4.1.3.2.< / b >
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容器网络接口（ ）
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< / a >
< / li >
< li class = "chapter " data-level = "4.1.3.3" data-path = "../concepts/csi.html" >
< a href = "../concepts/csi.html" >
< b > 4.1.3.3.< / b >
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容器存储接口（ ）
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< / li >
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< li class = "chapter " data-level = "4.1.4" data-path = "../concepts/objects.html" >
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< a href = "../concepts/objects.html" >
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< b > 4.1.4.< / b >
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Kubernetes 中的资源对象
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< / ul >
< / li >
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< li class = "chapter " data-level = "4.2" data-path = "../concepts/pod-state-and-lifecycle.html" >
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< a href = "../concepts/pod-state-and-lifecycle.html" >
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< b > 4.2.< / b >
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Pod 状态与生命周期管理
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< li class = "chapter " data-level = "4.2.1" data-path = "../concepts/pod-overview.html" >
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< a href = "../concepts/pod-overview.html" >
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< b > 4.2.1.< / b >
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Pod 概览
< / a >
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< li class = "chapter " data-level = "4.2.2" data-path = "../concepts/pod.html" >
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< a href = "../concepts/pod.html" >
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< b > 4.2.2.< / b >
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Pod 解析
< / a >
< / li >
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< li class = "chapter " data-level = "4.2.3" data-path = "../concepts/init-containers.html" >
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< a href = "../concepts/init-containers.html" >
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< b > 4.2.3.< / b >
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Init 容器
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< / li >
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< li class = "chapter " data-level = "4.2.4" data-path = "../concepts/pause-container.html" >
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< a href = "../concepts/pause-container.html" >
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< b > 4.2.4.< / b >
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Pause 容器
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< / li >
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< li class = "chapter " data-level = "4.2.5" data-path = "../concepts/pod-security-policy.html" >
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< a href = "../concepts/pod-security-policy.html" >
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< b > 4.2.5.< / b >
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Pod 安全策略
< / a >
< / li >
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< li class = "chapter " data-level = "4.2.6" data-path = "../concepts/pod-lifecycle.html" >
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< a href = "../concepts/pod-lifecycle.html" >
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< b > 4.2.6.< / b >
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Pod 的生命周期
< / a >
< / li >
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< li class = "chapter " data-level = "4.2.7" data-path = "../concepts/pod-hook.html" >
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< a href = "../concepts/pod-hook.html" >
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< b > 4.2.7.< / b >
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Pod Hook
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< li class = "chapter " data-level = "4.2.8" data-path = "../concepts/pod-preset.html" >
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< a href = "../concepts/pod-preset.html" >
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< b > 4.2.8.< / b >
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Pod Preset
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< / li >
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< li class = "chapter " data-level = "4.2.9" data-path = "../concepts/pod-disruption-budget.html" >
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< a href = "../concepts/pod-disruption-budget.html" >
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< b > 4.2.9.< / b >
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Pod 中断与 PDB（
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< li class = "chapter " data-level = "4.3" data-path = "../concepts/cluster.html" >
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< a href = "../concepts/cluster.html" >
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< b > 4.3.< / b >
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集群资源管理
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< ul class = "articles" >
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< li class = "chapter " data-level = "4.3.1" data-path = "../concepts/node.html" >
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< a href = "../concepts/node.html" >
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< b > 4.3.1.< / b >
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Node
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< / li >
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< li class = "chapter " data-level = "4.3.2" data-path = "../concepts/namespace.html" >
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< a href = "../concepts/namespace.html" >
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< b > 4.3.2.< / b >
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Namespace
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< / li >
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< li class = "chapter " data-level = "4.3.3" data-path = "../concepts/label.html" >
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< a href = "../concepts/label.html" >
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< b > 4.3.3.< / b >
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Label
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< li class = "chapter " data-level = "4.3.4" data-path = "../concepts/annotation.html" >
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< a href = "../concepts/annotation.html" >
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< b > 4.3.4.< / b >
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Annotation
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< li class = "chapter " data-level = "4.3.5" data-path = "../concepts/taint-and-toleration.html" >
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< a href = "../concepts/taint-and-toleration.html" >
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< b > 4.3.5.< / b >
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Taint 和 Toleration（ ）
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< li class = "chapter " data-level = "4.3.6" data-path = "../concepts/garbage-collection.html" >
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< a href = "../concepts/garbage-collection.html" >
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< b > 4.3.6.< / b >
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垃圾收集
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< li class = "chapter " data-level = "4.4" data-path = "../concepts/controllers.html" >
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< a href = "../concepts/controllers.html" >
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< b > 4.4.< / b >
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控制器
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< ul class = "articles" >
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< li class = "chapter " data-level = "4.4.1" data-path = "../concepts/deployment.html" >
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< a href = "../concepts/deployment.html" >
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< b > 4.4.1.< / b >
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Deployment
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< li class = "chapter " data-level = "4.4.2" data-path = "../concepts/statefulset.html" >
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< a href = "../concepts/statefulset.html" >
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< b > 4.4.2.< / b >
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StatefulSet
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< li class = "chapter " data-level = "4.4.3" data-path = "../concepts/daemonset.html" >
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< a href = "../concepts/daemonset.html" >
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< b > 4.4.3.< / b >
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DaemonSet
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< / li >
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< li class = "chapter " data-level = "4.4.4" data-path = "../concepts/replicaset.html" >
2021-04-06 19:01:23 +08:00
< a href = "../concepts/replicaset.html" >
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< b > 4.4.4.< / b >
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ReplicationController 和 ReplicaSet
< / a >
< / li >
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< li class = "chapter " data-level = "4.4.5" data-path = "../concepts/job.html" >
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< a href = "../concepts/job.html" >
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< b > 4.4.5.< / b >
2021-04-06 19:01:23 +08:00
Job
< / a >
< / li >
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< li class = "chapter " data-level = "4.4.6" data-path = "../concepts/cronjob.html" >
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< a href = "../concepts/cronjob.html" >
2021-07-09 16:57:54 +08:00
< b > 4.4.6.< / b >
2021-04-06 19:01:23 +08:00
CronJob
< / a >
< / li >
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< li class = "chapter " data-level = "4.4.7" data-path = "../concepts/horizontal-pod-autoscaling.html" >
2021-04-06 19:01:23 +08:00
< a href = "../concepts/horizontal-pod-autoscaling.html" >
2021-07-09 16:57:54 +08:00
< b > 4.4.7.< / b >
2021-04-06 19:01:23 +08:00
Horizontal Pod Autoscaling
< / a >
< ul class = "articles" >
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< li class = "chapter " data-level = "4.4.7.1" data-path = "../concepts/custom-metrics-hpa.html" >
2021-04-06 19:01:23 +08:00
< a href = "../concepts/custom-metrics-hpa.html" >
2021-07-09 16:57:54 +08:00
< b > 4.4.7.1.< / b >
2021-04-06 19:01:23 +08:00
自定义指标 HPA
< / a >
< / li >
< / ul >
< / li >
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< li class = "chapter " data-level = "4.4.8" data-path = "../concepts/admission-controller.html" >
2021-04-06 19:01:23 +08:00
< a href = "../concepts/admission-controller.html" >
2021-07-09 16:57:54 +08:00
< b > 4.4.8.< / b >
2021-04-06 19:01:23 +08:00
准入控制器（ ）
< / a >
< / li >
< / ul >
< / li >
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< li class = "chapter " data-level = "4.5" data-path = "../concepts/service-discovery.html" >
2021-04-06 19:01:23 +08:00
< a href = "../concepts/service-discovery.html" >
2021-07-09 16:57:54 +08:00
< b > 4.5.< / b >
2021-04-06 19:01:23 +08:00
2021-07-09 16:57:54 +08:00
服务发现与路由
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< / a >
< ul class = "articles" >
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< li class = "chapter " data-level = "4.5.1" data-path = "../concepts/service.html" >
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< a href = "../concepts/service.html" >
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< b > 4.5.1.< / b >
2021-04-06 19:01:23 +08:00
Service
< / a >
< / li >
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< li class = "chapter " data-level = "4.5.2" data-path = "../concepts/topology-aware-routing.html" >
< a href = "../concepts/topology-aware-routing.html" >
< b > 4.5.2.< / b >
拓扑感知路由
< / a >
< / li >
< li class = "chapter " data-level = "4.5.3" data-path = "../concepts/ingress.html" >
2021-04-06 19:01:23 +08:00
< a href = "../concepts/ingress.html" >
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< b > 4.5.3.< / b >
2021-04-06 19:01:23 +08:00
Ingress
< / a >
< ul class = "articles" >
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< li class = "chapter " data-level = "4.5.3.1" data-path = "../concepts/traefik-ingress-controller.html" >
2021-04-06 19:01:23 +08:00
< a href = "../concepts/traefik-ingress-controller.html" >
2021-07-09 16:57:54 +08:00
< b > 4.5.3.1.< / b >
2021-04-06 19:01:23 +08:00
Traefik Ingress Controller
< / a >
< / li >
< / ul >
< / li >
2021-12-23 20:13:17 +08:00
< li class = "chapter " data-level = "4.5.4" data-path = "../concepts/gateway.html" >
2021-04-06 19:01:23 +08:00
2021-12-23 20:13:17 +08:00
< a href = "../concepts/gateway.html" >
2021-04-06 19:01:23 +08:00
2021-07-09 16:57:54 +08:00
< b > 4.5.4.< / b >
2021-04-06 19:01:23 +08:00
2021-12-23 20:13:17 +08:00
Gateway
2021-04-06 19:01:23 +08:00
< / a >
< / li >
< / ul >
< / li >
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< li class = "chapter " data-level = "4.6" data-path = "../concepts/authentication-and-permission.html" >
2021-04-06 19:01:23 +08:00
< a href = "../concepts/authentication-and-permission.html" >
2021-07-09 16:57:54 +08:00
< b > 4.6.< / b >
2021-04-06 19:01:23 +08:00
身份与权限控制
< / a >
< ul class = "articles" >
2021-07-09 16:57:54 +08:00
< li class = "chapter " data-level = "4.6.1" data-path = "../concepts/serviceaccount.html" >
2021-04-06 19:01:23 +08:00
< a href = "../concepts/serviceaccount.html" >
2021-07-09 16:57:54 +08:00
< b > 4.6.1.< / b >
2021-04-06 19:01:23 +08:00
ServiceAccount
< / a >
< / li >
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< li class = "chapter " data-level = "4.6.2" data-path = "../concepts/rbac.html" >
2021-04-06 19:01:23 +08:00
< a href = "../concepts/rbac.html" >
2021-07-09 16:57:54 +08:00
< b > 4.6.2.< / b >
2021-04-06 19:01:23 +08:00
2021-11-09 17:32:02 +08:00
基于角色的访问控制（ ）
2021-04-06 19:01:23 +08:00
< / a >
< / li >
2021-07-09 16:57:54 +08:00
< li class = "chapter " data-level = "4.6.3" data-path = "../concepts/network-policy.html" >
2021-04-06 19:01:23 +08:00
< a href = "../concepts/network-policy.html" >
2021-07-09 16:57:54 +08:00
< b > 4.6.3.< / b >
2021-04-06 19:01:23 +08:00
NetworkPolicy
< / a >
2022-04-12 20:31:45 +08:00
< / li >
< li class = "chapter " data-level = "4.6.4" data-path = "../concepts/spiffe.html" >
< a href = "../concepts/spiffe.html" >
< b > 4.6.4.< / b >
SPIFFE
< / a >
2022-04-19 20:59:07 +08:00
< ul class = "articles" >
< li class = "chapter " data-level = "4.6.4.1" data-path = "../concepts/spire.html" >
< a href = "../concepts/spire.html" >
< b > 4.6.4.1.< / b >
SPIRE
< / a >
< / li >
< / ul >
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< / li >
< / ul >
< / li >
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< li class = "chapter " data-level = "4.7" data-path = "../concepts/networking.html" >
< a href = "../concepts/networking.html" >
< b > 4.7.< / b >
网络
< / a >
< ul class = "articles" >
< li class = "chapter " data-level = "4.7.1" data-path = "../concepts/flannel.html" >
< a href = "../concepts/flannel.html" >
< b > 4.7.1.< / b >
2021-12-23 20:13:17 +08:00
扁平网络 Flannel
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< / a >
< / li >
< li class = "chapter " data-level = "4.7.2" data-path = "../concepts/calico.html" >
< a href = "../concepts/calico.html" >
< b > 4.7.2.< / b >
2021-12-23 20:13:17 +08:00
非 Overlay 扁平网络 Calico
2021-07-09 16:57:54 +08:00
< / a >
< / li >
< li class = "chapter " data-level = "4.7.3" data-path = "../concepts/cilium.html" >
< a href = "../concepts/cilium.html" >
< b > 4.7.3.< / b >
2021-12-23 20:13:17 +08:00
基于 eBPF 的网络 Cilium
2021-07-09 16:57:54 +08:00
< / a >
< ul class = "articles" >
< li class = "chapter " data-level = "4.7.3.1" data-path = "../concepts/cilium-concepts.html" >
< a href = "../concepts/cilium-concepts.html" >
< b > 4.7.3.1.< / b >
Cilium 架构设计与概念解析
< / a >
< / li >
< / ul >
< / li >
< / ul >
< / li >
< li class = "chapter " data-level = "4.8" data-path = "../concepts/storage.html" >
2021-04-06 19:01:23 +08:00
< a href = "../concepts/storage.html" >
2021-07-09 16:57:54 +08:00
< b > 4.8.< / b >
2021-04-06 19:01:23 +08:00
存储
< / a >
< ul class = "articles" >
2021-07-09 16:57:54 +08:00
< li class = "chapter " data-level = "4.8.1" data-path = "../concepts/secret.html" >
2021-04-06 19:01:23 +08:00
< a href = "../concepts/secret.html" >
2021-07-09 16:57:54 +08:00
< b > 4.8.1.< / b >
2021-04-06 19:01:23 +08:00
Secret
< / a >
< / li >
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< li class = "chapter " data-level = "4.8.2" data-path = "../concepts/configmap.html" >
2021-04-06 19:01:23 +08:00
< a href = "../concepts/configmap.html" >
2021-07-09 16:57:54 +08:00
< b > 4.8.2.< / b >
2021-04-06 19:01:23 +08:00
ConfigMap
< / a >
< ul class = "articles" >
2021-07-09 16:57:54 +08:00
< li class = "chapter " data-level = "4.8.2.1" data-path = "../concepts/configmap-hot-update.html" >
2021-04-06 19:01:23 +08:00
< a href = "../concepts/configmap-hot-update.html" >
2021-07-09 16:57:54 +08:00
< b > 4.8.2.1.< / b >
2021-04-06 19:01:23 +08:00
ConfigMap 的热更新
< / a >
< / li >
< / ul >
< / li >
2021-07-09 16:57:54 +08:00
< li class = "chapter " data-level = "4.8.3" data-path = "../concepts/volume.html" >
2021-04-06 19:01:23 +08:00
< a href = "../concepts/volume.html" >
2021-07-09 16:57:54 +08:00
< b > 4.8.3.< / b >
2021-04-06 19:01:23 +08:00
Volume
< / a >
< / li >
2021-07-09 16:57:54 +08:00
< li class = "chapter " data-level = "4.8.4" data-path = "../concepts/persistent-volume.html" >
2021-04-06 19:01:23 +08:00
< a href = "../concepts/persistent-volume.html" >
2021-07-09 16:57:54 +08:00
< b > 4.8.4.< / b >
2021-04-06 19:01:23 +08:00
2021-11-09 17:32:02 +08:00
持久化卷（ ）
2021-04-06 19:01:23 +08:00
< / a >
< / li >
2021-07-09 16:57:54 +08:00
< li class = "chapter " data-level = "4.8.5" data-path = "../concepts/storageclass.html" >
2021-04-06 19:01:23 +08:00
< a href = "../concepts/storageclass.html" >
2021-07-09 16:57:54 +08:00
< b > 4.8.5.< / b >
2021-04-06 19:01:23 +08:00
Storage Class
< / a >
< / li >
2021-07-09 16:57:54 +08:00
< li class = "chapter " data-level = "4.8.6" data-path = "../concepts/local-persistent-storage.html" >
2021-04-06 19:01:23 +08:00
< a href = "../concepts/local-persistent-storage.html" >
2021-07-09 16:57:54 +08:00
< b > 4.8.6.< / b >
2021-04-06 19:01:23 +08:00
本地持久化存储
< / a >
< / li >
< / ul >
< / li >
2021-07-09 16:57:54 +08:00
< li class = "chapter " data-level = "4.9" data-path = "../concepts/extension.html" >
2021-04-06 19:01:23 +08:00
< a href = "../concepts/extension.html" >
2021-07-09 16:57:54 +08:00
< b > 4.9.< / b >
2021-04-06 19:01:23 +08:00
集群扩展
< / a >
< ul class = "articles" >
2021-07-09 16:57:54 +08:00
< li class = "chapter " data-level = "4.9.1" data-path = "../concepts/custom-resource.html" >
2021-04-06 19:01:23 +08:00
< a href = "../concepts/custom-resource.html" >
2021-07-09 16:57:54 +08:00
< b > 4.9.1.< / b >
2021-04-06 19:01:23 +08:00
使用自定义资源扩展 API
< / a >
< / li >
2021-07-09 16:57:54 +08:00
< li class = "chapter " data-level = "4.9.2" data-path = "../concepts/crd.html" >
2021-04-06 19:01:23 +08:00
< a href = "../concepts/crd.html" >
2021-07-09 16:57:54 +08:00
< b > 4.9.2.< / b >
2021-04-06 19:01:23 +08:00
使用 CRD 扩展 Kubernetes API
< / a >
< / li >
2021-07-09 16:57:54 +08:00
< li class = "chapter " data-level = "4.9.3" data-path = "../concepts/aggregated-api-server.html" >
2021-04-06 19:01:23 +08:00
< a href = "../concepts/aggregated-api-server.html" >
2021-07-09 16:57:54 +08:00
< b > 4.9.3.< / b >
2021-04-06 19:01:23 +08:00
Aggregated API Server
< / a >
< / li >
2021-07-09 16:57:54 +08:00
< li class = "chapter " data-level = "4.9.4" data-path = "../concepts/apiservice.html" >
2021-04-06 19:01:23 +08:00
< a href = "../concepts/apiservice.html" >
2021-07-09 16:57:54 +08:00
< b > 4.9.4.< / b >
2021-04-06 19:01:23 +08:00
APIService
< / a >
< / li >
2021-07-09 16:57:54 +08:00
< li class = "chapter " data-level = "4.9.5" data-path = "../concepts/service-catalog.html" >
2021-04-06 19:01:23 +08:00
< a href = "../concepts/service-catalog.html" >
2021-07-09 16:57:54 +08:00
< b > 4.9.5.< / b >
2021-04-06 19:01:23 +08:00
2021-12-25 21:47:43 +08:00
服务目录（ ）
2021-04-06 19:01:23 +08:00
< / a >
< / li >
2021-10-15 13:19:39 +08:00
< / ul >
< / li >
< li class = "chapter " data-level = "4.10" data-path = "../concepts/multicluster.html" >
2021-04-06 19:01:23 +08:00
< a href = "../concepts/multicluster.html" >
2021-10-15 13:19:39 +08:00
< b > 4.10.< / b >
2021-04-06 19:01:23 +08:00
多集群管理
< / a >
2021-10-15 13:19:39 +08:00
< ul class = "articles" >
< li class = "chapter " data-level = "4.10.1" data-path = "../concepts/multi-cluster-services-api.html" >
< a href = "../concepts/multi-cluster-services-api.html" >
< b > 4.10.1.< / b >
2021-11-09 17:32:02 +08:00
多集群服务 API（ ）
< / a >
< / li >
< li class = "chapter " data-level = "4.10.2" data-path = "../practice/federation.html" >
< a href = "../practice/federation.html" >
< b > 4.10.2.< / b >
集群联邦（ ）
2021-10-15 13:19:39 +08:00
< / a >
2021-04-06 19:01:23 +08:00
< / li >
< / ul >
< / li >
2021-10-15 13:19:39 +08:00
< li class = "chapter " data-level = "4.11" data-path = "../concepts/scheduling.html" >
2021-04-06 19:01:23 +08:00
< a href = "../concepts/scheduling.html" >
2021-10-15 13:19:39 +08:00
< b > 4.11.< / b >
2021-04-06 19:01:23 +08:00
资源调度
< / a >
< ul class = "articles" >
2021-10-15 13:19:39 +08:00
< li class = "chapter " data-level = "4.11.1" data-path = "../concepts/qos.html" >
2021-04-06 19:01:23 +08:00
< a href = "../concepts/qos.html" >
2021-10-15 13:19:39 +08:00
< b > 4.11.1.< / b >
2021-04-06 19:01:23 +08:00
2021-11-09 17:32:02 +08:00
服务质量等级（ ）
2021-04-06 19:01:23 +08:00
< / a >
< / li >
< / ul >
< / li >
< li class = "header" > 用户指南< / li >
< li class = "chapter " data-level = "5.1" data-path = "../guide/" >
< a href = "../guide/" >
< b > 5.1.< / b >
用户指南概览
< / a >
< / li >
< li class = "chapter " data-level = "5.2" data-path = "../guide/resource-configuration.html" >
< a href = "../guide/resource-configuration.html" >
< b > 5.2.< / b >
资源对象配置
< / a >
< ul class = "articles" >
< li class = "chapter " data-level = "5.2.1" data-path = "../guide/configure-liveness-readiness-probes.html" >
< a href = "../guide/configure-liveness-readiness-probes.html" >
< b > 5.2.1.< / b >
配置 Pod 的 liveness 和 readiness 探针
< / a >
< / li >
< li class = "chapter " data-level = "5.2.2" data-path = "../guide/configure-pod-service-account.html" >
< a href = "../guide/configure-pod-service-account.html" >
< b > 5.2.2.< / b >
配置 Pod 的 Service Account
< / a >
< / li >
< li class = "chapter " data-level = "5.2.3" data-path = "../guide/secret-configuration.html" >
< a href = "../guide/secret-configuration.html" >
< b > 5.2.3.< / b >
Secret 配置
< / a >
< / li >
< li class = "chapter " data-level = "5.2.4" data-path = "../guide/resource-quota-management.html" >
< a href = "../guide/resource-quota-management.html" >
< b > 5.2.4.< / b >
管理 namespace 中的资源配额
< / a >
< / li >
< / ul >
< / li >
< li class = "chapter " data-level = "5.3" data-path = "../guide/command-usage.html" >
< a href = "../guide/command-usage.html" >
< b > 5.3.< / b >
命令使用
< / a >
< ul class = "articles" >
< li class = "chapter " data-level = "5.3.1" data-path = "../guide/docker-cli-to-kubectl.html" >
< a href = "../guide/docker-cli-to-kubectl.html" >
< b > 5.3.1.< / b >
Docker 用户过渡到 kubectl 命令行指南
< / a >
< / li >
< li class = "chapter " data-level = "5.3.2" data-path = "../guide/using-kubectl.html" >
< a href = "../guide/using-kubectl.html" >
< b > 5.3.2.< / b >
kubectl 命令概览
< / a >
< / li >
< li class = "chapter " data-level = "5.3.3" data-path = "../guide/kubectl-cheatsheet.html" >
< a href = "../guide/kubectl-cheatsheet.html" >
< b > 5.3.3.< / b >
kubectl 命令技巧大全
< / a >
< / li >
< li class = "chapter " data-level = "5.3.4" data-path = "../guide/using-etcdctl-to-access-kubernetes-data.html" >
< a href = "../guide/using-etcdctl-to-access-kubernetes-data.html" >
< b > 5.3.4.< / b >
2021-08-04 16:20:42 +08:00
使用 etcdctl 访问 Kubernetes 数据
2021-04-06 19:01:23 +08:00
< / a >
< / li >
< / ul >
< / li >
< li class = "chapter " data-level = "5.4" data-path = "../guide/cluster-security-management.html" >
< a href = "../guide/cluster-security-management.html" >
< b > 5.4.< / b >
集群安全性管理
< / a >
< ul class = "articles" >
< li class = "chapter " data-level = "5.4.1" data-path = "../guide/managing-tls-in-a-cluster.html" >
< a href = "../guide/managing-tls-in-a-cluster.html" >
< b > 5.4.1.< / b >
管理集群中的 TLS
< / a >
< / li >
< li class = "chapter " data-level = "5.4.2" data-path = "../guide/kubelet-authentication-authorization.html" >
< a href = "../guide/kubelet-authentication-authorization.html" >
< b > 5.4.2.< / b >
kubelet 的认证授权
< / a >
< / li >
< li class = "chapter " data-level = "5.4.3" data-path = "../guide/tls-bootstrapping.html" >
< a href = "../guide/tls-bootstrapping.html" >
< b > 5.4.3.< / b >
TLS Bootstrap
< / a >
< / li >
< li class = "chapter " data-level = "5.4.4" data-path = "../guide/kubectl-user-authentication-authorization.html" >
< a href = "../guide/kubectl-user-authentication-authorization.html" >
< b > 5.4.4.< / b >
创建用户认证授权的 kubeconfig 文件
< / a >
< / li >
< li class = "chapter " data-level = "5.4.5" data-path = "../guide/ip-masq-agent.html" >
< a href = "../guide/ip-masq-agent.html" >
< b > 5.4.5.< / b >
IP 伪装代理
< / a >
< / li >
< li class = "chapter " data-level = "5.4.6" data-path = "../guide/auth-with-kubeconfig-or-token.html" >
< a href = "../guide/auth-with-kubeconfig-or-token.html" >
< b > 5.4.6.< / b >
使用 kubeconfig 或 token 进行用户身份认证
< / a >
< / li >
< li class = "chapter " data-level = "5.4.7" data-path = "../guide/authentication.html" >
< a href = "../guide/authentication.html" >
< b > 5.4.7.< / b >
Kubernetes 中的用户与身份认证授权
< / a >
< / li >
< li class = "chapter " data-level = "5.4.8" data-path = "../guide/kubernetes-security-best-practice.html" >
< a href = "../guide/kubernetes-security-best-practice.html" >
< b > 5.4.8.< / b >
Kubernetes 集群安全性配置最佳实践
< / a >
< / li >
< / ul >
< / li >
< li class = "chapter " data-level = "5.5" data-path = "../guide/access-kubernetes-cluster.html" >
< a href = "../guide/access-kubernetes-cluster.html" >
< b > 5.5.< / b >
访问 Kubernetes 集群
< / a >
< ul class = "articles" >
< li class = "chapter " data-level = "5.5.1" data-path = "../guide/access-cluster.html" >
< a href = "../guide/access-cluster.html" >
< b > 5.5.1.< / b >
访问集群
< / a >
< / li >
< li class = "chapter " data-level = "5.5.2" data-path = "../guide/authenticate-across-clusters-kubeconfig.html" >
< a href = "../guide/authenticate-across-clusters-kubeconfig.html" >
< b > 5.5.2.< / b >
使用 kubeconfig 文件配置跨集群认证
< / a >
< / li >
< li class = "chapter " data-level = "5.5.3" data-path = "../guide/connecting-to-applications-port-forward.html" >
< a href = "../guide/connecting-to-applications-port-forward.html" >
< b > 5.5.3.< / b >
通过端口转发访问集群中的应用程序
< / a >
< / li >
< li class = "chapter " data-level = "5.5.4" data-path = "../guide/service-access-application-cluster.html" >
< a href = "../guide/service-access-application-cluster.html" >
< b > 5.5.4.< / b >
使用 service 访问群集中的应用程序
< / a >
< / li >
< li class = "chapter " data-level = "5.5.5" data-path = "../guide/accessing-kubernetes-pods-from-outside-of-the-cluster.html" >
< a href = "../guide/accessing-kubernetes-pods-from-outside-of-the-cluster.html" >
< b > 5.5.5.< / b >
从外部访问 Kubernetes 中的 Pod
< / a >
< / li >
2021-12-25 21:47:43 +08:00
< li class = "chapter " data-level = "5.5.6" data-path = "../guide/kubernetes-desktop-client.html" >
2021-04-06 19:01:23 +08:00
< a href = "../guide/kubernetes-desktop-client.html" >
2021-12-25 21:47:43 +08:00
< b > 5.5.6.< / b >
2021-04-06 19:01:23 +08:00
2021-12-25 21:47:43 +08:00
Lens - Kubernetes IDE
2021-04-06 19:01:23 +08:00
< / a >
< / li >
2021-12-25 21:47:43 +08:00
< li class = "chapter " data-level = "5.5.7" data-path = "../guide/kubernator-kubernetes-ui.html" >
2021-04-06 19:01:23 +08:00
< a href = "../guide/kubernator-kubernetes-ui.html" >
2021-12-25 21:47:43 +08:00
< b > 5.5.7.< / b >
2021-04-06 19:01:23 +08:00
Kubernator - 更底层的 Kubernetes UI
< / a >
< / li >
< / ul >
< / li >
< li class = "chapter " data-level = "5.6" data-path = "../guide/application-development-deployment-flow.html" >
< a href = "../guide/application-development-deployment-flow.html" >
< b > 5.6.< / b >
在 Kubernetes 中开发部署应用
< / a >
< ul class = "articles" >
< li class = "chapter " data-level = "5.6.1" data-path = "../guide/deploy-applications-in-kubernetes.html" >
< a href = "../guide/deploy-applications-in-kubernetes.html" >
< b > 5.6.1.< / b >
2021-08-04 16:20:42 +08:00
适用于 Kubernetes 的应用开发部署流程
2021-04-06 19:01:23 +08:00
< / a >
< / li >
< li class = "chapter " data-level = "5.6.2" data-path = "../guide/migrating-hadoop-yarn-to-kubernetes.html" >
< a href = "../guide/migrating-hadoop-yarn-to-kubernetes.html" >
< b > 5.6.2.< / b >
迁移传统应用到 Kubernetes 中 —— 以 Hadoop YARN 为例
< / a >
< / li >
< li class = "chapter " data-level = "5.6.3" data-path = "../guide/using-statefulset.html" >
< a href = "../guide/using-statefulset.html" >
< b > 5.6.3.< / b >
使用 StatefulSet 部署用状态应用
< / a >
< / li >
< / ul >
< / li >
< li class = "header" > 最佳实践< / li >
< li class = "chapter " data-level = "6.1" data-path = "../practice/" >
< a href = "../practice/" >
< b > 6.1.< / b >
最佳实践概览
< / a >
< / li >
< li class = "chapter " data-level = "6.2" data-path = "../practice/install-kubernetes-on-centos.html" >
< a href = "../practice/install-kubernetes-on-centos.html" >
< b > 6.2.< / b >
在 CentOS 上部署 Kubernetes 集群
< / a >
< ul class = "articles" >
< li class = "chapter " data-level = "6.2.1" data-path = "../practice/create-tls-and-secret-key.html" >
< a href = "../practice/create-tls-and-secret-key.html" >
< b > 6.2.1.< / b >
创建 TLS 证书和秘钥
< / a >
< / li >
< li class = "chapter " data-level = "6.2.2" data-path = "../practice/create-kubeconfig.html" >
< a href = "../practice/create-kubeconfig.html" >
< b > 6.2.2.< / b >
创建 kubeconfig 文件
< / a >
< / li >
< li class = "chapter " data-level = "6.2.3" data-path = "../practice/etcd-cluster-installation.html" >
< a href = "../practice/etcd-cluster-installation.html" >
< b > 6.2.3.< / b >
创建高可用 etcd 集群
< / a >
< / li >
< li class = "chapter " data-level = "6.2.4" data-path = "../practice/kubectl-installation.html" >
< a href = "../practice/kubectl-installation.html" >
< b > 6.2.4.< / b >
安装 kubectl 命令行工具
< / a >
< / li >
< li class = "chapter " data-level = "6.2.5" data-path = "../practice/master-installation.html" >
< a href = "../practice/master-installation.html" >
< b > 6.2.5.< / b >
部署 master 节点
< / a >
< / li >
< li class = "chapter " data-level = "6.2.6" data-path = "../practice/flannel-installation.html" >
< a href = "../practice/flannel-installation.html" >
< b > 6.2.6.< / b >
安装 flannel 网络插件
< / a >
< / li >
< li class = "chapter " data-level = "6.2.7" data-path = "../practice/node-installation.html" >
< a href = "../practice/node-installation.html" >
< b > 6.2.7.< / b >
部署 node 节点
< / a >
< / li >
< li class = "chapter " data-level = "6.2.8" data-path = "../practice/kubedns-addon-installation.html" >
< a href = "../practice/kubedns-addon-installation.html" >
< b > 6.2.8.< / b >
安装 kubedns 插件
< / a >
< / li >
< li class = "chapter " data-level = "6.2.9" data-path = "../practice/dashboard-addon-installation.html" >
< a href = "../practice/dashboard-addon-installation.html" >
< b > 6.2.9.< / b >
安装 dashboard 插件
< / a >
< / li >
< li class = "chapter " data-level = "6.2.10" data-path = "../practice/heapster-addon-installation.html" >
< a href = "../practice/heapster-addon-installation.html" >
< b > 6.2.10.< / b >
安装 heapster 插件
< / a >
< / li >
< li class = "chapter " data-level = "6.2.11" data-path = "../practice/efk-addon-installation.html" >
< a href = "../practice/efk-addon-installation.html" >
< b > 6.2.11.< / b >
安装 EFK 插件
< / a >
< / li >
< / ul >
< / li >
< li class = "chapter " data-level = "6.3" data-path = "../practice/install-kubernetes-with-kubeadm.html" >
< a href = "../practice/install-kubernetes-with-kubeadm.html" >
< b > 6.3.< / b >
生产级的 Kubernetes 简化管理工具 kubeadm
< / a >
< ul class = "articles" >
< li class = "chapter " data-level = "6.3.1" data-path = "../practice/install-kubernetes-on-ubuntu-server-16.04-with-kubeadm.html" >
< a href = "../practice/install-kubernetes-on-ubuntu-server-16.04-with-kubeadm.html" >
< b > 6.3.1.< / b >
使用 kubeadm 在 Ubuntu Server 16.04 上快速构建测试集群
< / a >
< / li >
< / ul >
< / li >
< li class = "chapter " data-level = "6.4" data-path = "../practice/service-discovery-and-loadbalancing.html" >
< a href = "../practice/service-discovery-and-loadbalancing.html" >
< b > 6.4.< / b >
服务发现与负载均衡
< / a >
< ul class = "articles" >
< li class = "chapter " data-level = "6.4.1" data-path = "../practice/traefik-ingress-installation.html" >
< a href = "../practice/traefik-ingress-installation.html" >
< b > 6.4.1.< / b >
安装 Traefik ingress
< / a >
< / li >
< li class = "chapter " data-level = "6.4.2" data-path = "../practice/distributed-load-test.html" >
< a href = "../practice/distributed-load-test.html" >
< b > 6.4.2.< / b >
分布式负载测试
< / a >
< / li >
< li class = "chapter " data-level = "6.4.3" data-path = "../practice/network-and-cluster-perfermance-test.html" >
< a href = "../practice/network-and-cluster-perfermance-test.html" >
< b > 6.4.3.< / b >
网络和集群性能测试
< / a >
< / li >
< li class = "chapter " data-level = "6.4.4" data-path = "../practice/edge-node-configuration.html" >
< a href = "../practice/edge-node-configuration.html" >
< b > 6.4.4.< / b >
边缘节点配置
< / a >
< / li >
< li class = "chapter " data-level = "6.4.5" data-path = "../practice/nginx-ingress-installation.html" >
< a href = "../practice/nginx-ingress-installation.html" >
< b > 6.4.5.< / b >
安装 Nginx ingress
< / a >
< / li >
< li class = "chapter " data-level = "6.4.6" data-path = "../practice/dns-installation.html" >
< a href = "../practice/dns-installation.html" >
< b > 6.4.6.< / b >
安装配置 DNS
< / a >
< ul class = "articles" >
< li class = "chapter " data-level = "6.4.6.1" data-path = "../practice/configuring-dns.html" >
< a href = "../practice/configuring-dns.html" >
< b > 6.4.6.1.< / b >
安装配置 Kube-dns
< / a >
< / li >
< li class = "chapter " data-level = "6.4.6.2" data-path = "../practice/coredns.html" >
< a href = "../practice/coredns.html" >
< b > 6.4.6.2.< / b >
安装配置 CoreDNS
< / a >
< / li >
< / ul >
< / li >
< / ul >
< / li >
< li class = "chapter " data-level = "6.5" data-path = "../practice/operation.html" >
< a href = "../practice/operation.html" >
< b > 6.5.< / b >
运维管理
< / a >
< ul class = "articles" >
< li class = "chapter " data-level = "6.5.1" data-path = "../practice/master-ha.html" >
< a href = "../practice/master-ha.html" >
< b > 6.5.1.< / b >
Master 节点高可用
< / a >
< / li >
< li class = "chapter " data-level = "6.5.2" data-path = "../practice/service-rolling-update.html" >
< a href = "../practice/service-rolling-update.html" >
< b > 6.5.2.< / b >
服务滚动升级
< / a >
< / li >
< li class = "chapter " data-level = "6.5.3" data-path = "../practice/app-log-collection.html" >
< a href = "../practice/app-log-collection.html" >
< b > 6.5.3.< / b >
应用日志收集
< / a >
< / li >
< li class = "chapter " data-level = "6.5.4" data-path = "../practice/configuration-best-practice.html" >
< a href = "../practice/configuration-best-practice.html" >
< b > 6.5.4.< / b >
配置最佳实践
< / a >
< / li >
< li class = "chapter " data-level = "6.5.5" data-path = "../practice/monitor.html" >
< a href = "../practice/monitor.html" >
< b > 6.5.5.< / b >
集群及应用监控
< / a >
< / li >
< li class = "chapter " data-level = "6.5.6" data-path = "../practice/data-persistence-problem.html" >
< a href = "../practice/data-persistence-problem.html" >
< b > 6.5.6.< / b >
数据持久化问题
< / a >
< / li >
< li class = "chapter " data-level = "6.5.7" data-path = "../practice/manage-compute-resources-container.html" >
< a href = "../practice/manage-compute-resources-container.html" >
< b > 6.5.7.< / b >
管理容器的计算资源
< / a >
< / li >
< / ul >
< / li >
< li class = "chapter " data-level = "6.6" data-path = "../practice/storage.html" >
< a href = "../practice/storage.html" >
< b > 6.6.< / b >
存储管理
< / a >
< ul class = "articles" >
< li class = "chapter " data-level = "6.6.1" data-path = "../practice/glusterfs.html" >
< a href = "../practice/glusterfs.html" >
< b > 6.6.1.< / b >
GlusterFS
< / a >
< ul class = "articles" >
< li class = "chapter " data-level = "6.6.1.1" data-path = "../practice/using-glusterfs-for-persistent-storage.html" >
< a href = "../practice/using-glusterfs-for-persistent-storage.html" >
< b > 6.6.1.1.< / b >
使用 GlusterFS 做持久化存储
< / a >
< / li >
< li class = "chapter " data-level = "6.6.1.2" data-path = "../practice/using-heketi-gluster-for-persistent-storage.html" >
< a href = "../practice/using-heketi-gluster-for-persistent-storage.html" >
< b > 6.6.1.2.< / b >
使用 Heketi 作为 Kubernetes 的持久存储 GlusterFS 的 external provisioner
< / a >
< / li >
< li class = "chapter " data-level = "6.6.1.3" data-path = "../practice/storage-for-containers-using-glusterfs-with-openshift.html" >
< a href = "../practice/storage-for-containers-using-glusterfs-with-openshift.html" >
< b > 6.6.1.3.< / b >
在 OpenShift 中使用 GlusterFS 做持久化存储
< / a >
< / li >
< / ul >
< / li >
< li class = "chapter " data-level = "6.6.2" data-path = "../practice/glusterd-2.0.html" >
< a href = "../practice/glusterd-2.0.html" >
< b > 6.6.2.< / b >
GlusterD-2.0
< / a >
< / li >
< li class = "chapter " data-level = "6.6.3" data-path = "../practice/ceph.html" >
< a href = "../practice/ceph.html" >
< b > 6.6.3.< / b >
Ceph
< / a >
< ul class = "articles" >
< li class = "chapter " data-level = "6.6.3.1" data-path = "../practice/ceph-helm-install-guide-zh.html" >
< a href = "../practice/ceph-helm-install-guide-zh.html" >
< b > 6.6.3.1.< / b >
用 Helm 托管安装 Ceph 集群并提供后端存储
< / a >
< / li >
< li class = "chapter " data-level = "6.6.3.2" data-path = "../practice/using-ceph-for-persistent-storage.html" >
< a href = "../practice/using-ceph-for-persistent-storage.html" >
< b > 6.6.3.2.< / b >
使用 Ceph 做持久化存储
< / a >
< / li >
< li class = "chapter " data-level = "6.6.3.3" data-path = "../practice/rbd-provisioner.html" >
< a href = "../practice/rbd-provisioner.html" >
< b > 6.6.3.3.< / b >
使用 rbd-provisioner 提供 rbd 持久化存储
< / a >
< / li >
< / ul >
< / li >
< li class = "chapter " data-level = "6.6.4" data-path = "../practice/openebs.html" >
< a href = "../practice/openebs.html" >
< b > 6.6.4.< / b >
OpenEBS
< / a >
< ul class = "articles" >
< li class = "chapter " data-level = "6.6.4.1" data-path = "../practice/using-openebs-for-persistent-storage.html" >
< a href = "../practice/using-openebs-for-persistent-storage.html" >
< b > 6.6.4.1.< / b >
使用 OpenEBS 做持久化存储
< / a >
< / li >
< / ul >
< / li >
< li class = "chapter " data-level = "6.6.5" data-path = "../practice/rook.html" >
< a href = "../practice/rook.html" >
< b > 6.6.5.< / b >
Rook
< / a >
< / li >
< li class = "chapter " data-level = "6.6.6" data-path = "../practice/nfs.html" >
< a href = "../practice/nfs.html" >
< b > 6.6.6.< / b >
NFS
< / a >
< ul class = "articles" >
< li class = "chapter " data-level = "6.6.6.1" data-path = "../practice/using-nfs-for-persistent-storage.html" >
< a href = "../practice/using-nfs-for-persistent-storage.html" >
< b > 6.6.6.1.< / b >
利用 NFS 动态提供 Kubernetes 后端存储卷
< / a >
< / li >
< / ul >
< / li >
< / ul >
< / li >
< li class = "chapter " data-level = "6.7" data-path = "../practice/monitoring.html" >
< a href = "../practice/monitoring.html" >
< b > 6.7.< / b >
集群与应用监控
< / a >
< ul class = "articles" >
< li class = "chapter " data-level = "6.7.1" data-path = "../practice/heapster.html" >
< a href = "../practice/heapster.html" >
< b > 6.7.1.< / b >
Heapster
< / a >
< ul class = "articles" >
< li class = "chapter " data-level = "6.7.1.1" data-path = "../practice/using-heapster-to-get-object-metrics.html" >
< a href = "../practice/using-heapster-to-get-object-metrics.html" >
< b > 6.7.1.1.< / b >
使用 Heapster 获取集群和对象的 metric 数据
< / a >
< / li >
< / ul >
< / li >
< li class = "chapter " data-level = "6.7.2" data-path = "../practice/prometheus.html" >
< a href = "../practice/prometheus.html" >
< b > 6.7.2.< / b >
Prometheus
< / a >
< ul class = "articles" >
< li class = "chapter " data-level = "6.7.2.1" data-path = "../practice/using-prometheus-to-monitor-kuberentes-cluster.html" >
< a href = "../practice/using-prometheus-to-monitor-kuberentes-cluster.html" >
< b > 6.7.2.1.< / b >
2021-11-09 17:32:02 +08:00
使用 Prometheus 监控 Kubernetes 集群
2021-04-06 19:01:23 +08:00
< / a >
< / li >
< li class = "chapter " data-level = "6.7.2.2" data-path = "../practice/promql.html" >
< a href = "../practice/promql.html" >
< b > 6.7.2.2.< / b >
Prometheus 查询语言 PromQL 使用说明
< / a >
< / li >
< / ul >
< / li >
< / ul >
< / li >
< li class = "chapter " data-level = "6.8" data-path = "../practice/distributed-tracing.html" >
< a href = "../practice/distributed-tracing.html" >
< b > 6.8.< / b >
分布式追踪
< / a >
< ul class = "articles" >
< li class = "chapter " data-level = "6.8.1" data-path = "../practice/opentracing.html" >
< a href = "../practice/opentracing.html" >
< b > 6.8.1.< / b >
OpenTracing
< / a >
< / li >
< / ul >
< / li >
< li class = "chapter " data-level = "6.9" data-path = "../practice/services-management-tool.html" >
< a href = "../practice/services-management-tool.html" >
< b > 6.9.< / b >
服务编排管理
< / a >
< ul class = "articles" >
< li class = "chapter " data-level = "6.9.1" data-path = "../practice/helm.html" >
< a href = "../practice/helm.html" >
< b > 6.9.1.< / b >
使用 Helm 管理 Kubernetes 应用
< / a >
< / li >
< li class = "chapter " data-level = "6.9.2" data-path = "../practice/create-private-charts-repo.html" >
< a href = "../practice/create-private-charts-repo.html" >
< b > 6.9.2.< / b >
构建私有 Chart 仓库
< / a >
< / li >
< / ul >
< / li >
< li class = "chapter " data-level = "6.10" data-path = "../practice/ci-cd.html" >
< a href = "../practice/ci-cd.html" >
< b > 6.10.< / b >
2022-01-18 10:33:37 +08:00
持续集成与发布（ ）
2021-04-06 19:01:23 +08:00
< / a >
< ul class = "articles" >
< li class = "chapter " data-level = "6.10.1" data-path = "../practice/jenkins-ci-cd.html" >
< a href = "../practice/jenkins-ci-cd.html" >
< b > 6.10.1.< / b >
使用 Jenkins 进行持续集成与发布
< / a >
< / li >
< li class = "chapter " data-level = "6.10.2" data-path = "../practice/drone-ci-cd.html" >
< a href = "../practice/drone-ci-cd.html" >
< b > 6.10.2.< / b >
使用 Drone 进行持续集成与发布
< / a >
< / li >
< / ul >
< / li >
< li class = "chapter " data-level = "6.11" data-path = "../practice/update-and-upgrade.html" >
< a href = "../practice/update-and-upgrade.html" >
< b > 6.11.< / b >
更新与升级
< / a >
< ul class = "articles" >
< li class = "chapter " data-level = "6.11.1" data-path = "../practice/manually-upgrade.html" >
< a href = "../practice/manually-upgrade.html" >
< b > 6.11.1.< / b >
手动升级 Kubernetes 集群
< / a >
< / li >
< li class = "chapter " data-level = "6.11.2" data-path = "../practice/dashboard-upgrade.html" >
< a href = "../practice/dashboard-upgrade.html" >
< b > 6.11.2.< / b >
升级 dashboard
< / a >
< / li >
< / ul >
< / li >
< li class = "chapter " data-level = "6.12" data-path = "../practice/controller-extended.html" >
< a href = "../practice/controller-extended.html" >
< b > 6.12.< / b >
扩展控制器
< / a >
< ul class = "articles" >
< li class = "chapter " data-level = "6.12.1" data-path = "../practice/openkruise.html" >
< a href = "../practice/openkruise.html" >
< b > 6.12.1.< / b >
OpenKruise
< / a >
< ul class = "articles" >
< li class = "chapter " data-level = "6.12.1.1" data-path = "../practice/in-place-update.html" >
< a href = "../practice/in-place-update.html" >
< b > 6.12.1.1.< / b >
原地升级
< / a >
< / li >
< / ul >
< / li >
< / ul >
< / li >
2021-06-30 15:18:58 +08:00
< li class = "chapter " data-level = "6.13" data-path = "../practice/security-policy.html" >
< a href = "../practice/security-policy.html" >
< b > 6.13.< / b >
安全策略
< / a >
< ul class = "articles" >
< li class = "chapter " data-level = "6.13.1" data-path = "../practice/open-policy-agent.html" >
< a href = "../practice/open-policy-agent.html" >
< b > 6.13.1.< / b >
2021-11-09 17:32:02 +08:00
开放策略代理（ ）
2021-06-30 15:18:58 +08:00
< / a >
2021-08-06 14:42:13 +08:00
< / li >
< li class = "chapter " data-level = "6.13.2" data-path = "../practice/cloud-native-security.html" >
< a href = "../practice/cloud-native-security.html" >
< b > 6.13.2.< / b >
云原生安全
< / a >
2021-06-30 15:18:58 +08:00
< / li >
< / ul >
< / li >
2021-04-06 19:01:23 +08:00
< li class = "header" > 服务网格< / li >
< li class = "chapter " data-level = "7.1" data-path = "service-mesh.html" >
< a href = "service-mesh.html" >
< b > 7.1.< / b >
服务网格（ ）
< / a >
< / li >
< li class = "chapter " data-level = "7.2" data-path = "the-enterprise-path-to-service-mesh-architectures.html" >
< a href = "the-enterprise-path-to-service-mesh-architectures.html" >
< b > 7.2.< / b >
企业级服务网格架构
< / a >
< ul class = "articles" >
< li class = "chapter " data-level = "7.2.1" data-path = "service-mesh-fundamental.html" >
< a href = "service-mesh-fundamental.html" >
< b > 7.2.1.< / b >
服务网格基础
< / a >
< / li >
< li class = "chapter " data-level = "7.2.2" data-path = "comparing-service-mesh-technologies.html" >
< a href = "comparing-service-mesh-technologies.html" >
< b > 7.2.2.< / b >
服务网格技术对比
< / a >
< / li >
< li class = "chapter " data-level = "7.2.3" data-path = "service-mesh-vs-api-gateway.html" >
< a href = "service-mesh-vs-api-gateway.html" >
< b > 7.2.3.< / b >
服务网格对比 API 网关
< / a >
< / li >
< li class = "chapter " data-level = "7.2.4" data-path = "service-mesh-adoption-and-evolution.html" >
< a href = "service-mesh-adoption-and-evolution.html" >
< b > 7.2.4.< / b >
采纳和演进
< / a >
< / li >
< li class = "chapter " data-level = "7.2.5" data-path = "service-mesh-customization-and-integration.html" >
< a href = "service-mesh-customization-and-integration.html" >
< b > 7.2.5.< / b >
定制和集成
< / a >
< / li >
< li class = "chapter " data-level = "7.2.6" data-path = "service-mesh-conclusion.html" >
< a href = "service-mesh-conclusion.html" >
< b > 7.2.6.< / b >
总结
< / a >
< / li >
< / ul >
< / li >
< li class = "chapter " data-level = "7.3" data-path = "istio.html" >
< a href = "istio.html" >
< b > 7.3.< / b >
Istio
< / a >
< ul class = "articles" >
< li class = "chapter active" data-level = "7.3.1" data-path = "before-using-istio.html" >
< a href = "before-using-istio.html" >
< b > 7.3.1.< / b >
使用 Istio 前需要考虑的问题
< / a >
< / li >
2022-04-27 12:19:40 +08:00
< li class = "chapter " data-level = "7.3.2" data-path = "sidecar-pattern.html" >
2021-04-06 19:01:23 +08:00
2022-04-27 12:19:40 +08:00
< a href = "sidecar-pattern.html" >
2021-04-06 19:01:23 +08:00
2021-12-12 21:39:36 +08:00
< b > 7.3.2.< / b >
2021-04-06 19:01:23 +08:00
2022-04-27 12:19:40 +08:00
Sidecar 模式
2021-04-06 19:01:23 +08:00
< / a >
< / li >
2022-04-27 12:19:40 +08:00
< li class = "chapter " data-level = "7.3.3" data-path = "sidecar-spec-in-istio.html" >
2021-04-06 19:01:23 +08:00
2022-04-27 12:19:40 +08:00
< a href = "sidecar-spec-in-istio.html" >
2021-04-06 19:01:23 +08:00
2021-12-12 21:39:36 +08:00
< b > 7.3.3.< / b >
2021-04-06 19:01:23 +08:00
2022-04-27 12:19:40 +08:00
Istio 中 sidecar 的注入规范
2021-04-06 19:01:23 +08:00
< / a >
< / li >
2022-03-09 17:24:42 +08:00
< li class = "chapter " data-level = "7.3.4" data-path = "understand-sidecar-injection-and-traffic-hijack-in-istio-service-mesh.html" >
2021-04-06 19:01:23 +08:00
< a href = "understand-sidecar-injection-and-traffic-hijack-in-istio-service-mesh.html" >
2022-03-09 17:24:42 +08:00
< b > 7.3.4.< / b >
2021-04-06 19:01:23 +08:00
2022-04-27 12:19:40 +08:00
Sidecar 的注入与透明流量劫持
2021-04-06 19:01:23 +08:00
< / a >
< / li >
2022-04-27 12:19:40 +08:00
< li class = "chapter " data-level = "7.3.5" data-path = "istio-traffic-routing.html" >
2021-04-06 19:01:23 +08:00
2022-04-27 12:19:40 +08:00
< a href = "istio-traffic-routing.html" >
2021-04-06 19:01:23 +08:00
2022-03-09 17:24:42 +08:00
< b > 7.3.5.< / b >
2021-04-06 19:01:23 +08:00
2022-04-27 12:19:40 +08:00
Istio 中的流量路由过程详解
< / a >
< / li >
< li class = "chapter " data-level = "7.3.6" data-path = "how-to-integrate-istio-with-vm.html" >
< a href = "how-to-integrate-istio-with-vm.html" >
< b > 7.3.6.< / b >
2021-04-06 19:01:23 +08:00
Istio 如何支持虚拟机
< / a >
< / li >
2022-04-27 12:19:40 +08:00
< li class = "chapter " data-level = "7.3.7" data-path = "istio-vm-support.html" >
2021-04-06 19:01:23 +08:00
< a href = "istio-vm-support.html" >
2022-04-27 12:19:40 +08:00
< b > 7.3.7.< / b >
2021-04-06 19:01:23 +08:00
Istio 支持虚拟机的历史
< / a >
2022-04-27 12:19:40 +08:00
< / li >
< li class = "chapter " data-level = "7.3.8" data-path = "istio-community-tips.html" >
< a href = "istio-community-tips.html" >
< b > 7.3.8.< / b >
如何参与 Istio 社区及注意事项
< / a >
2021-04-06 19:01:23 +08:00
< / li >
< / ul >
< / li >
< li class = "chapter " data-level = "7.4" data-path = "envoy.html" >
< a href = "envoy.html" >
< b > 7.4.< / b >
Envoy
< / a >
< ul class = "articles" >
< li class = "chapter " data-level = "7.4.1" data-path = "envoy-terminology.html" >
< a href = "envoy-terminology.html" >
< b > 7.4.1.< / b >
Envoy 的架构与基本术语
< / a >
< / li >
< li class = "chapter " data-level = "7.4.2" data-path = "envoy-front-proxy.html" >
< a href = "envoy-front-proxy.html" >
< b > 7.4.2.< / b >
Envoy 作为前端代理
< / a >
< / li >
< li class = "chapter " data-level = "7.4.3" data-path = "envoy-mesh-in-kubernetes-tutorial.html" >
< a href = "envoy-mesh-in-kubernetes-tutorial.html" >
< b > 7.4.3.< / b >
Envoy mesh 教程
< / a >
< / li >
< / ul >
< / li >
< li class = "header" > 领域应用< / li >
< li class = "chapter " data-level = "8.1" data-path = "./" >
< a href = "./" >
< b > 8.1.< / b >
领域应用概览
< / a >
< / li >
< li class = "chapter " data-level = "8.2" data-path = "microservices.html" >
< a href = "microservices.html" >
< b > 8.2.< / b >
微服务架构
< / a >
< ul class = "articles" >
< li class = "chapter " data-level = "8.2.1" data-path = "service-discovery-in-microservices.html" >
< a href = "service-discovery-in-microservices.html" >
< b > 8.2.1.< / b >
微服务中的服务发现
< / a >
< / li >
< li class = "chapter " data-level = "8.2.2" data-path = "microservices-for-java-developers.html" >
< a href = "microservices-for-java-developers.html" >
< b > 8.2.2.< / b >
使用 Java 构建微服务并发布到 Kubernetes 平台
< / a >
< ul class = "articles" >
< li class = "chapter " data-level = "8.2.2.1" data-path = "spring-boot-quick-start-guide.html" >
< a href = "spring-boot-quick-start-guide.html" >
< b > 8.2.2.1.< / b >
Spring Boot 快速开始指南
< / a >
< / li >
< / ul >
< / li >
< / ul >
< / li >
< li class = "chapter " data-level = "8.3" data-path = "big-data.html" >
< a href = "big-data.html" >
< b > 8.3.< / b >
大数据
< / a >
< ul class = "articles" >
2021-10-30 08:21:32 +08:00
< li class = "chapter " data-level = "8.3.1" data-path = "spark-on-kubernetes.html" >
2021-04-06 19:01:23 +08:00
2021-10-30 08:21:32 +08:00
< a href = "spark-on-kubernetes.html" >
2021-04-06 19:01:23 +08:00
< b > 8.3.1.< / b >
2021-10-30 08:21:32 +08:00
Spark 与 Kubernetes
< / a >
< ul class = "articles" >
< li class = "chapter " data-level = "8.3.1.1" data-path = "spark-standalone-on-kubernetes.html" >
< a href = "spark-standalone-on-kubernetes.html" >
< b > 8.3.1.1.< / b >
2021-04-06 19:01:23 +08:00
Spark standalone on Kubernetes
< / a >
< / li >
2021-10-30 08:21:32 +08:00
< li class = "chapter " data-level = "8.3.1.2" data-path = "running-spark-with-kubernetes-native-scheduler.html" >
2021-04-06 19:01:23 +08:00
< a href = "running-spark-with-kubernetes-native-scheduler.html" >
2021-10-30 08:21:32 +08:00
< b > 8.3.1.2.< / b >
2021-04-06 19:01:23 +08:00
运行支持 Kubernetes 原生调度的 Spark 程序
< / a >
< / li >
< / ul >
< / li >
2021-10-30 08:21:32 +08:00
< / ul >
< / li >
2021-04-06 19:01:23 +08:00
< li class = "chapter " data-level = "8.4" data-path = "serverless.html" >
< a href = "serverless.html" >
< b > 8.4.< / b >
Serverless 架构
< / a >
< ul class = "articles" >
< li class = "chapter " data-level = "8.4.1" data-path = "understanding-serverless.html" >
< a href = "understanding-serverless.html" >
< b > 8.4.1.< / b >
理解 Serverless
< / a >
< / li >
< li class = "chapter " data-level = "8.4.2" data-path = "faas.html" >
< a href = "faas.html" >
< b > 8.4.2.< / b >
FaaS（ ）
< / a >
< ul class = "articles" >
< li class = "chapter " data-level = "8.4.2.1" data-path = "openfaas-quick-start.html" >
< a href = "openfaas-quick-start.html" >
< b > 8.4.2.1.< / b >
OpenFaaS 快速入门指南
< / a >
< / li >
< / ul >
< / li >
< li class = "chapter " data-level = "8.4.3" data-path = "knative.html" >
< a href = "knative.html" >
< b > 8.4.3.< / b >
Knative
< / a >
< / li >
< / ul >
< / li >
< li class = "chapter " data-level = "8.5" data-path = "edge-computing.html" >
< a href = "edge-computing.html" >
< b > 8.5.< / b >
边缘计算
< / a >
< / li >
< li class = "chapter " data-level = "8.6" data-path = "ai.html" >
< a href = "ai.html" >
< b > 8.6.< / b >
人工智能
< / a >
< / li >
< li class = "chapter " data-level = "8.7" data-path = "observability.html" >
< a href = "observability.html" >
< b > 8.7.< / b >
可观察性
< / a >
< / li >
< li class = "header" > 开发指南< / li >
< li class = "chapter " data-level = "9.1" data-path = "../develop/" >
< a href = "../develop/" >
< b > 9.1.< / b >
开发指南概览
< / a >
< / li >
< li class = "chapter " data-level = "9.2" data-path = "../develop/sigs-and-working-group.html" >
< a href = "../develop/sigs-and-working-group.html" >
< b > 9.2.< / b >
SIG 和工作组
< / a >
< / li >
< li class = "chapter " data-level = "9.3" data-path = "../develop/developing-environment.html" >
< a href = "../develop/developing-environment.html" >
< b > 9.3.< / b >
开发环境搭建
< / a >
< ul class = "articles" >
< li class = "chapter " data-level = "9.3.1" data-path = "../develop/using-vagrant-and-virtualbox-for-development.html" >
< a href = "../develop/using-vagrant-and-virtualbox-for-development.html" >
< b > 9.3.1.< / b >
本地分布式开发环境搭建（使用 Vagrant 和 Virtualbox）
< / a >
< / li >
< / ul >
< / li >
< li class = "chapter " data-level = "9.4" data-path = "../develop/testing.html" >
< a href = "../develop/testing.html" >
< b > 9.4.< / b >
单元测试和集成测试
< / a >
< / li >
< li class = "chapter " data-level = "9.5" data-path = "../develop/client-go-sample.html" >
< a href = "../develop/client-go-sample.html" >
< b > 9.5.< / b >
client-go 示例
< / a >
2021-07-01 10:02:38 +08:00
< ul class = "articles" >
< li class = "chapter " data-level = "9.5.1" data-path = "../develop/client-go-informer-sourcecode-analyse.html" >
< a href = "../develop/client-go-informer-sourcecode-analyse.html" >
< b > 9.5.1.< / b >
client-go 中的 informer 源码分析
< / a >
< / li >
< / ul >
2021-04-06 19:01:23 +08:00
< / li >
< li class = "chapter " data-level = "9.6" data-path = "../develop/operator.html" >
< a href = "../develop/operator.html" >
< b > 9.6.< / b >
Operator
< / a >
< ul class = "articles" >
< li class = "chapter " data-level = "9.6.1" data-path = "../develop/operator-sdk.html" >
< a href = "../develop/operator-sdk.html" >
< b > 9.6.1.< / b >
operator-sdk
< / a >
< / li >
< / ul >
< / li >
< li class = "chapter " data-level = "9.7" data-path = "../develop/kubebuilder.html" >
< a href = "../develop/kubebuilder.html" >
< b > 9.7.< / b >
kubebuilder
< / a >
< ul class = "articles" >
< li class = "chapter " data-level = "9.7.1" data-path = "../develop/kubebuilder-example.html" >
< a href = "../develop/kubebuilder-example.html" >
< b > 9.7.1.< / b >
使用 kubebuilder 创建 operator 示例
< / a >
< / li >
< / ul >
< / li >
< li class = "chapter " data-level = "9.8" data-path = "../develop/advance-developer.html" >
< a href = "../develop/advance-developer.html" >
< b > 9.8.< / b >
高级开发指南
< / a >
< / li >
< li class = "chapter " data-level = "9.9" data-path = "../develop/contribute.html" >
< a href = "../develop/contribute.html" >
< b > 9.9.< / b >
社区贡献
< / a >
< / li >
< li class = "chapter " data-level = "9.10" data-path = "../develop/minikube.html" >
< a href = "../develop/minikube.html" >
< b > 9.10.< / b >
Minikube
< / a >
< / li >
< li class = "header" > 社区及生态< / li >
< li class = "chapter " data-level = "10.1" data-path = "../cloud-native/cncf.html" >
< a href = "../cloud-native/cncf.html" >
< b > 10.1.< / b >
云原生计算基金会（ ）
< / a >
< ul class = "articles" >
< li class = "chapter " data-level = "10.1.1" data-path = "../cloud-native/cncf-charter.html" >
< a href = "../cloud-native/cncf-charter.html" >
< b > 10.1.1.< / b >
CNCF 章程
< / a >
< / li >
< li class = "chapter " data-level = "10.1.2" data-path = "../cloud-native/cncf-sig.html" >
< a href = "../cloud-native/cncf-sig.html" >
< b > 10.1.2.< / b >
CNCF 特别兴趣小组（ ）
< / a >
< / li >
< li class = "chapter " data-level = "10.1.3" data-path = "../cloud-native/cncf-sandbox-criteria.html" >
< a href = "../cloud-native/cncf-sandbox-criteria.html" >
< b > 10.1.3.< / b >
开源项目加入 CNCF Sandbox 的要求
< / a >
< / li >
< li class = "chapter " data-level = "10.1.4" data-path = "../cloud-native/cncf-project-governing.html" >
< a href = "../cloud-native/cncf-project-governing.html" >
< b > 10.1.4.< / b >
CNCF 中的项目治理
< / a >
< / li >
< li class = "chapter " data-level = "10.1.5" data-path = "../cloud-native/cncf-ambassador.html" >
< a href = "../cloud-native/cncf-ambassador.html" >
< b > 10.1.5.< / b >
CNCF Ambassador
< / a >
< / li >
< / ul >
< / li >
2021-11-09 17:32:02 +08:00
< li class = "chapter " data-level = "10.2" data-path = "../cloud-native/certification.html" >
2021-04-06 19:01:23 +08:00
< a href = "../cloud-native/certification.html" >
2021-11-09 17:32:02 +08:00
< b > 10.2.< / b >
2021-04-06 19:01:23 +08:00
认证及培训
< / a >
< ul class = "articles" >
2021-11-09 17:32:02 +08:00
< li class = "chapter " data-level = "10.2.1" data-path = "../appendix/about-kcsp.html" >
2021-04-06 19:01:23 +08:00
< a href = "../appendix/about-kcsp.html" >
2021-11-09 17:32:02 +08:00
< b > 10.2.1.< / b >
2021-04-06 19:01:23 +08:00
认证 Kubernetes 服务提供商（ ）
< / a >
< / li >
2021-11-09 17:32:02 +08:00
< li class = "chapter " data-level = "10.2.2" data-path = "../appendix/about-cka-candidate.html" >
2021-04-06 19:01:23 +08:00
< a href = "../appendix/about-cka-candidate.html" >
2021-11-09 17:32:02 +08:00
< b > 10.2.2.< / b >
2021-04-06 19:01:23 +08:00
认证 Kubernetes 管理员（ ）
< / a >
< / li >
< / ul >
< / li >
< li class = "header" > 附录< / li >
< li class = "chapter " data-level = "11.1" data-path = "../appendix/" >
< a href = "../appendix/" >
< b > 11.1.< / b >
附录说明
< / a >
< / li >
< li class = "chapter " data-level = "11.2" data-path = "../appendix/debug-kubernetes-services.html" >
< a href = "../appendix/debug-kubernetes-services.html" >
< b > 11.2.< / b >
Kubernetes 中的应用故障排查
< / a >
< / li >
< li class = "chapter " data-level = "11.3" data-path = "../appendix/material-share.html" >
< a href = "../appendix/material-share.html" >
< b > 11.3.< / b >
2022-02-08 16:44:08 +08:00
Kubernetes 参考资源
2021-04-06 19:01:23 +08:00
< / a >
< / li >
2022-02-08 16:44:08 +08:00
< li class = "chapter " data-level = "11.4" data-path = "../appendix/tricks.html" >
2021-04-06 19:01:23 +08:00
< a href = "../appendix/tricks.html" >
2022-02-08 16:44:08 +08:00
< b > 11.4.< / b >
2021-04-06 19:01:23 +08:00
2021-10-20 17:17:43 +08:00
Kubernetes 使用技巧
2021-04-06 19:01:23 +08:00
< / a >
< / li >
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< li class = "chapter " data-level = "11.5" data-path = "../appendix/issues.html" >
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< a href = "../appendix/issues.html" >
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< b > 11.5.< / b >
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Kubernetes 相关问题记录
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< li class = "chapter " data-level = "11.6" data-path = "../appendix/summary-and-outlook.html" >
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< a href = "../appendix/summary-and-outlook.html" >
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< b > 11.6.< / b >
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Kubernetes 及云原生年度总结及展望
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< ul class = "articles" >
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< li class = "chapter " data-level = "11.6.1" data-path = "../appendix/kubernetes-and-cloud-native-summary-in-2017-and-outlook-for-2018.html" >
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< a href = "../appendix/kubernetes-and-cloud-native-summary-in-2017-and-outlook-for-2018.html" >
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< b > 11.6.1.< / b >
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Kubernetes 与云原生 2017 年年终总结及 2018 年展望
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< li class = "chapter " data-level = "11.6.2" data-path = "../appendix/kubernetes-and-cloud-native-summary-in-2018-and-outlook-for-2019.html" >
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< a href = "../appendix/kubernetes-and-cloud-native-summary-in-2018-and-outlook-for-2019.html" >
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< b > 11.6.2.< / b >
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Kubernetes 与云原生 2018 年年终总结及 2019 年展望
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< / li >
< / ul >
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< li class = "chapter " data-level = "11.7" data-path = "../appendix/cncf-annual-report.html" >
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< a href = "../appendix/cncf-annual-report.html" >
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< b > 11.7.< / b >
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CNCF 年度报告解读
< / a >
< ul class = "articles" >
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< li class = "chapter " data-level = "11.7.1" data-path = "../appendix/cncf-annual-report-2018.html" >
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< a href = "../appendix/cncf-annual-report-2018.html" >
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< b > 11.7.1.< / b >
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CNCF 2018 年年度报告解读
< / a >
< / li >
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< li class = "chapter " data-level = "11.7.2" data-path = "../appendix/cncf-annual-report-2020.html" >
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< a href = "../appendix/cncf-annual-report-2020.html" >
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< b > 11.7.2.< / b >
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CNCF 2020 年年度报告解读
< / a >
< / li >
< / ul >
< / li >
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< li class = "chapter " data-level = "11.8" data-path = "../GLOSSARY.html" >
< a href = "../GLOSSARY.html" >
< b > 11.8.< / b >
术语表
< / a >
< / li >
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< li class = "divider" > < / li >
< li >
< a href = "https://www.gitbook.com" target = "blank" class = "gitbook-link" >
本书使用 GitBook 发布
< / a >
< / li >
< / ul >
< / nav >
< / div >
< div class = "book-body" >
< div class = "body-inner" >
< div class = "book-header" role = "navigation" >
<!-- Title -->
< h1 >
< i class = "fa fa-circle-o-notch fa-spin" > < / i >
< a href = ".." > 使用 Istio 前需要考虑的问题< / a >
< / h1 >
< / div >
< div class = "page-wrapper" tabindex = "-1" role = "main" >
< div class = "page-inner" >
< div class = "search-plus" id = "book-search-results" >
< div class = "search-noresults" >
< section class = "normal markdown-section" >
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< h1 id = "使用-istio-前需要考虑的问题" > 使 用 Istio 前 需 要 考 虑 的 问 题 < / h1 >
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< p > 在 使 用 Istio 之 前 ， 请 先 考 虑 下 以 下 因 素 ： < / p >
< ul >
< li > 你 的 团 队 里 有 多 少 人 ？ < / li >
< li > 你 的 团 队 是 否 有 使 用 Kubernetes、 Istio 的 经 验 ？ < / li >
< li > 你 有 多 少 微 服 务 ？ < / li >
< li > 这 些 微 服 务 使 用 什 么 语 言 ？ < / li >
< li > 你 的 运 维 、 SRE 团 队 是 否 可 以 支 持 服 务 网 格 管 理 ？ < / li >
< li > 你 有 采 用 开 源 项 目 的 经 验 吗 ？ < / li >
< li > 你 的 服 务 都 运 行 在 哪 些 平 台 上 ？ < / li >
< li > 你 的 应 用 已 经 容 器 化 并 使 用 Kubernetes 管 理 了 吗 ？ < / li >
< li > 你 的 服 务 有 多 少 是 部 署 在 虚 拟 机 、 有 多 少 是 部 署 到 Kubernetes 集 群 上 ， 比 例 如 何 ？ < / li >
< li > 你 的 团 队 有 指 定 云 原 生 化 的 计 划 吗 ？ < / li >
< li > 你 想 使 用 Istio 的 什 么 功 能 ？ < / li >
< li > Istio 的 稳 定 性 是 否 能 够 满 足 你 的 需 求 ？ < / li >
< li > 你 是 否 可 以 忍 受 Istio 带 来 的 性 能 损 耗 ？ < / li >
< / ul >
< p > 下 面 的 内 容 引 用 自 陈 鹏 < a href = "https://cloudnative.to/blog/the-facts-of-using-istio/" target = "_blank" > 在 生 产 环 境 使 用 Istio 前 的 若 干 考 虑 要 素 < / a > ， 有 删 改 。 < / p >
< h2 id = "使用-istio-无法做到完全对应用透明" > 使 用 Istio 无 法 做 到 完 全 对 应 用 透 明 < / h2 >
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< p > 服 务 通 信 和 治 理 相 关 的 功 能 迁 移 到 < a href = "../GLOSSARY.html#sidecar" class = "glossary-term" title = "Sidecar，全称 Sidecar proxy，为在应用程序旁运行的单独的进程，它可以为应用程序添加许多功能，而无需在应用程序中添加额外的第三方组件，或修改应用程序的代码或配置。" > sidecar< / a > 进 程 中 后 ， 应 用 中 的 SDK 通 常 需 要 作 出 一 些 对 应 的 改 变 。 < / p >
< p > 比 如 SDK 需 要 关 闭 一 些 功 能 ， 例 如 重 试 。 一 个 典 型 的 场 景 是 ， SDK 重 试 m 次 ， < a href = "../GLOSSARY.html#sidecar" class = "glossary-term" title = "Sidecar，全称 Sidecar proxy，为在应用程序旁运行的单独的进程，它可以为应用程序添加许多功能，而无需在应用程序中添加额外的第三方组件，或修改应用程序的代码或配置。" > sidecar< / a > 重 试 n 次 ， 这 会 导 致 m * n 的 重 试 风 暴 ， 从 而 引 发 风 险 。 < / p >
< p > 此 外 ， 诸 如 trace header 的 透 传 ， 也 需 要 SDK 进 行 升 级 改 造 。 如 果 你 的 SDK 中 还 有 其 它 特 殊 逻 辑 和 功 能 ， 这 些 可 能 都 需 要 小 心 处 理 才 能 和 Isito < a href = "../GLOSSARY.html#sidecar" class = "glossary-term" title = "Sidecar，全称 Sidecar proxy，为在应用程序旁运行的单独的进程，它可以为应用程序添加许多功能，而无需在应用程序中添加额外的第三方组件，或修改应用程序的代码或配置。" > sidecar< / a > 完 美 配 合 。 < / p >
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< h2 id = "istio-对非-kubernetes-环境的支持有限" > Istio 对 非 Kubernetes 环 境 的 支 持 有 限 < / h2 >
< p > 在 业 务 迁 移 至 Istio 的 同 时 ， 可 能 并 没 有 同 步 迁 移 至 Kubernetes， 而 还 运 行 在 原 有 PAAS 系 统 之 上 。 这 会 带 来 一 系 列 挑 战 ： < / p >
< ul >
< li > 原 有 PaaS 可 能 没 有 容 器 网 络 ， Istio 的 服 务 发 现 和 流 量 劫 持 都 可 能 要 根 据 旧 有 基 础 设 施 进 行 适 配 才 能 正 常 工 作 ； < / li >
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< li > 如 果 旧 有 的 PAAS 单 个 实 例 不 能 很 好 的 管 理 多 个 容 器 （ 类 比 Kubernetes 的 Pod 和 Container 概 念 ） ， 大 量 Istio < a href = "../GLOSSARY.html#sidecar" class = "glossary-term" title = "Sidecar，全称 Sidecar proxy，为在应用程序旁运行的单独的进程，它可以为应用程序添加许多功能，而无需在应用程序中添加额外的第三方组件，或修改应用程序的代码或配置。" > sidecar< / a > 的 部 署 和 运 维 将 是 一 个 很 大 的 挑 战 ； < / li >
< li > 缺 少 Kubernetes webhook 机 制 ， < a href = "../GLOSSARY.html#sidecar" class = "glossary-term" title = "Sidecar，全称 Sidecar proxy，为在应用程序旁运行的单独的进程，它可以为应用程序添加许多功能，而无需在应用程序中添加额外的第三方组件，或修改应用程序的代码或配置。" > sidecar< / a > 的 注 入 也 可 能 变 得 不 那 么 透 明 ， 而 需 要 耦 合 在 业 务 的 部 署 逻 辑 中 ； < / li >
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< / ul >
< h2 id = "只有-http-协议是一等公民" > 只 有 HTTP 协 议 是 一 等 公 民 < / h2 >
< p > Istio 原 生 对 HTTP 协 议 提 供 了 完 善 的 全 功 能 支 持 ， 但 在 真 实 的 业 务 场 景 中 ， 私 有 化 协 议 却 非 常 普 遍 ， 而 Istio 却 并 未 提 供 原 生 支 持 。 < / p >
< p > 这 导 致 使 用 私 有 协 议 的 一 些 服 务 可 能 只 能 被 迫 使 用 TCP 协 议 来 进 行 基 本 的 请 求 路 由 ， 这 会 导 致 很 多 功 能 的 缺 失 ， 这 其 中 包 括 Istio 非 常 强 大 的 基 于 内 容 的 消 息 路 由 ， 如 基 于 header、 path 等 进 行 权 重 路 由 。 < / p >
< h2 id = "扩展-istio-的成本并不低" > 扩 展 Istio 的 成 本 并 不 低 < / h2 >
< p > 虽 然 Istio 的 总 体 架 构 是 基 于 高 度 可 扩 展 而 设 计 ， 但 由 于 整 个 Istio 系 统 较 为 复 杂 ， 如 果 你 对 Istio 进 行 过 真 实 的 扩 展 ， 就 会 发 现 成 本 不 低 。 < / p >
< p > 以 扩 展 Istio 支 持 某 一 种 私 有 协 议 为 例 ， 首 先 你 需 要 在 Istio 的 API 代 码 库 中 进 行 协 议 扩 展 ， 其 次 你 需 要 修 改 Istio 代 码 库 来 实 现 新 的 协 议 处 理 和 下 发 ， 然 后 你 还 需 要 修 改 xds 代 码 库 的 协 议 ， 最 后 你 还 要 在 Envoy 中 实 现 相 应 的 Filter 来 完 成 协 议 的 解 析 和 路 由 等 功 能 。 < / p >
< p > 在 这 个 过 程 中 ， 你 还 可 能 面 临 上 述 数 个 复 杂 代 码 库 的 编 译 等 工 程 挑 战 （ 如 果 你 的 研 发 环 境 不 能 很 好 的 使 用 Docker 或 者 无 法 访 问 部 分 国 外 网 络 的 情 况 下 ） 。 < / p >
< p > 即 使 做 完 了 所 有 的 这 些 工 作 ， 你 也 可 能 面 临 这 些 工 作 无 法 合 并 回 社 区 的 情 况 ， 社 区 对 私 有 协 议 的 扩 展 支 持 度 不 高 ， 这 会 导 致 你 的 代 码 和 社 区 割 裂 ， 为 后 续 的 升 级 更 新 带 来 隐 患 。 < / p >
< h2 id = "istio-在集群规模较大时的性能问题" > Istio 在 集 群 规 模 较 大 时 的 性 能 问 题 < / h2 >
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< p > Istio 默 认 的 工 作 模 式 下 ， 每 个 < a href = "../GLOSSARY.html#sidecar" class = "glossary-term" title = "Sidecar，全称 Sidecar proxy，为在应用程序旁运行的单独的进程，它可以为应用程序添加许多功能，而无需在应用程序中添加额外的第三方组件，或修改应用程序的代码或配置。" > sidecar< / a > 都 会 收 到 全 集 群 所 有 服 务 的 信 息 。 如 果 你 部 署 过 Istio 官 方 的 Bookinfo 示 例 应 用 ， 并 使 用 Envoy 的 config dump 接 口 进 行 观 察 ， 你 会 发 现 ， 仅 仅 几 个 服 务 ， Envoy 所 收 到 的 配 置 信 息 就 有 将 近 20w 行 。 < / p >
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< p > 可 以 想 象 ， 在 稍 大 一 些 的 集 群 规 模 ， Envoy 的 内 存 开 销 、 Istio 的 CPU 开 销 、 XDS 的 下 发 时 效 性 等 问 题 ， 一 定 会 变 得 尤 为 突 出 。 < / p >
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< p > Istio 这 么 做 一 是 考 虑 这 样 可 以 开 箱 即 用 ， 用 户 不 用 进 行 过 多 的 配 置 ， 另 外 在 一 些 场 景 ， 可 能 也 无 法 梳 理 出 准 确 的 服 务 之 间 的 调 用 关 系 ， 因 此 直 接 给 每 个 < a href = "../GLOSSARY.html#sidecar" class = "glossary-term" title = "Sidecar，全称 Sidecar proxy，为在应用程序旁运行的单独的进程，它可以为应用程序添加许多功能，而无需在应用程序中添加额外的第三方组件，或修改应用程序的代码或配置。" > sidecar< / a > 下 发 了 全 量 的 服 务 配 置 ， 即 使 这 个 < a href = "../GLOSSARY.html#sidecar" class = "glossary-term" title = "Sidecar，全称 Sidecar proxy，为在应用程序旁运行的单独的进程，它可以为应用程序添加许多功能，而无需在应用程序中添加额外的第三方组件，或修改应用程序的代码或配置。" > sidecar< / a > 只 会 访 问 其 中 很 小 一 部 分 服 务 。 < / p >
< p > 当 然 这 个 问 题 也 有 解 法 ， 你 可 以 通 过 < a href = "../GLOSSARY.html#sidecar" class = "glossary-term" title = "Sidecar，全称 Sidecar proxy，为在应用程序旁运行的单独的进程，它可以为应用程序添加许多功能，而无需在应用程序中添加额外的第三方组件，或修改应用程序的代码或配置。" > sidecar< / a > < a href = "../GLOSSARY.html#crd" class = "glossary-term" title = "CRD，全称 Custom Resource Definition（自定义资源定义）是默认的 Kubernetes API 扩展。" > CRD< / a > 来 显 示 定 义 服 务 调 用 关 系 ， 使 Envoy 只 得 到 他 需 要 的 服 务 信 息 ， 从 而 大 幅 降 低 Envoy 的 资 源 开 销 ， 但 前 提 是 在 你 的 业 务 线 中 能 梳 理 出 这 些 调 用 关 系 。 < / p >
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< h2 id = "xds-分发没有分级发布机制" > XDS 分 发 没 有 分 级 发 布 机 制 < / h2 >
< p > 当 你 对 一 个 服 务 的 策 略 配 置 进 行 变 更 的 时 候 ， XDS 不 具 备 分 级 发 布 的 能 力 ， 所 有 访 问 这 个 服 务 的 Envoy 都 会 立 即 收 到 变 更 后 的 最 新 配 置 。 这 在 一 些 对 变 更 敏 感 的 严 苛 生 产 环 境 ， 可 能 是 有 很 高 风 险 甚 至 不 被 允 许 的 。 < / p >
< p > 如 果 你 的 生 产 环 境 严 格 要 求 任 何 变 更 都 必 须 有 分 级 发 布 流 程 ， 那 你 可 能 需 要 考 虑 自 己 实 现 一 套 这 样 的 机 制 。 < / p >
< h2 id = "istio-组件故障时是否有退路？" > Istio 组 件 故 障 时 是 否 有 退 路 ？ < / h2 >
2022-04-19 20:59:07 +08:00
< p > 以 Istio 为 代 表 的 < a href = "../GLOSSARY.html#sidecar" class = "glossary-term" title = "Sidecar，全称 Sidecar proxy，为在应用程序旁运行的单独的进程，它可以为应用程序添加许多功能，而无需在应用程序中添加额外的第三方组件，或修改应用程序的代码或配置。" > sidecar< / a > 架 构 的 特 殊 性 在 于 ， < a href = "../GLOSSARY.html#sidecar" class = "glossary-term" title = "Sidecar，全称 Sidecar proxy，为在应用程序旁运行的单独的进程，它可以为应用程序添加许多功能，而无需在应用程序中添加额外的第三方组件，或修改应用程序的代码或配置。" > sidecar< / a > 直 接 承 接 了 业 务 流 量 ， 而 不 像 一 些 其 他 的 基 础 设 施 那 样 ， 只 是 整 个 系 统 的 旁 路 组 件 （ 比 如 Kubernetes） 。 < / p >
< p > 因 此 在 Isito 落 地 初 期 ， 你 必 须 考 虑 ， 如 果 < a href = "../GLOSSARY.html#sidecar" class = "glossary-term" title = "Sidecar，全称 Sidecar proxy，为在应用程序旁运行的单独的进程，它可以为应用程序添加许多功能，而无需在应用程序中添加额外的第三方组件，或修改应用程序的代码或配置。" > sidecar< / a > 进 程 挂 掉 ， 服 务 怎 么 办 ？ 是 否 有 退 路 ？ 是 否 能 fallback 到 直 连 模 式 ？ < / p >
2021-04-06 19:01:23 +08:00
< p > 在 Istio 落 地 过 程 中 ， 是 否 能 无 损 fallback， 通 常 决 定 了 核 心 业 务 能 否 接 入 服 务 网 格 。 < / p >
< h2 id = "istio-缺乏成熟的产品生态" > Istio 缺 乏 成 熟 的 产 品 生 态 < / h2 >
< p > Istio 作 为 一 套 技 术 方 案 ， 却 并 不 是 一 套 产 品 方 案 。 如 果 你 在 生 产 环 境 中 使 用 ， 你 可 能 还 需 要 解 决 可 视 化 界 面 、 权 限 和 账 号 系 统 对 接 、 结 合 公 司 已 有 技 术 组 件 和 产 品 生 态 等 问 题 ， 仅 仅 通 过 命 令 行 来 使 用 ， 可 能 并 不 能 满 足 你 的 组 织 对 权 限 、 审 计 、 易 用 性 的 要 求 。 < / p >
< p > 而 Isito 自 带 的 Kiali 功 能 还 十 分 简 陋 ， 远 远 没 有 达 到 能 在 生 产 环 境 使 用 的 程 度 ， 因 此 你 可 能 需 要 研 发 基 于 Isito 的 上 层 产 品 。 目 前 有 一 些 服 务 网 格 的 商 业 化 公 司 致 力 于 解 决 Istio 的 产 品 生 态 问 题 ， 如 < a href = "https://tetrate.io" target = "_blank" > Tetrate< / a > 就 是 在 基 于 Istio、 Envoy 和 Apache SkyWalking 构 建 企 业 级 服 务 网 格 。 < / p >
< h2 id = "istio-目前解决的问题域还很有限" > Istio 目 前 解 决 的 问 题 域 还 很 有 限 < / h2 >
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< p > Istio 目 前 主 要 解 决 的 是 分 布 式 系 统 之 间 服 务 调 用 的 问 题 ， 但 还 有 一 些 分 布 式 系 统 的 复 杂 语 义 和 功 能 并 未 纳 入 到 Istio 的 < a href = "../GLOSSARY.html#sidecar" class = "glossary-term" title = "Sidecar，全称 Sidecar proxy，为在应用程序旁运行的单独的进程，它可以为应用程序添加许多功能，而无需在应用程序中添加额外的第三方组件，或修改应用程序的代码或配置。" > sidecar< / a > 运 行 时 之 中 ， 比 如 消 息 发 布 和 订 阅 、 状 态 管 理 、 资 源 绑 定 等 等 。 < / p >
< p > 云 原 生 应 用 将 会 朝 着 多 < a href = "../GLOSSARY.html#sidecar" class = "glossary-term" title = "Sidecar，全称 Sidecar proxy，为在应用程序旁运行的单独的进程，它可以为应用程序添加许多功能，而无需在应用程序中添加额外的第三方组件，或修改应用程序的代码或配置。" > sidecar< / a > 运 行 时 或 将 更 多 分 布 式 能 力 纳 入 单 < a href = "../GLOSSARY.html#sidecar" class = "glossary-term" title = "Sidecar，全称 Sidecar proxy，为在应用程序旁运行的单独的进程，它可以为应用程序添加许多功能，而无需在应用程序中添加额外的第三方组件，或修改应用程序的代码或配置。" > sidecar< / a > 运 行 时 的 方 向 继 续 发 展 ， 以 使 服 务 本 身 变 得 更 为 轻 量 ， 让 应 用 和 基 础 架 构 彻 底 解 耦 。 < / p >
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< p > 如 果 你 的 生 产 环 境 中 ， 业 务 系 统 对 接 了 非 常 多 和 复 杂 的 分 布 式 系 系 统 中 间 件 ， Istio 目 前 可 能 并 不 能 完 全 解 决 你 的 应 用 的 云 原 生 化 诉 求 。 < / p >
< h2 id = "总结" > 总 结 < / h2 >
< p > 看 到 这 里 ， 你 是 否 感 到 有 些 沮 丧 ， 而 对 Isito 失 去 信 心 ？ 别 担 心 ， 上 面 列 举 的 这 些 问 题 ， 实 际 上 并 不 影 响 Isito 依 然 是 目 前 最 为 流 行 和 成 功 的 服 务 网 格 技 术 选 型 之 一 。 Istio 频 繁 的 变 动 ， 一 定 程 度 上 也 说 明 它 拥 有 一 个 活 跃 的 社 区 ， 我 们 应 当 对 一 个 新 的 事 物 报 以 信 心 ， Isito 的 社 区 也 在 不 断 听 取 来 自 终 端 用 户 的 声 音 ， 朝 着 大 家 期 待 的 方 向 演 进 。 < / p >
< p > 同 时 ， 如 果 你 的 生 产 环 境 中 的 服 务 规 模 并 不 是 很 大 ， 服 务 已 经 托 管 于 Kubernetes 之 上 ， 也 只 使 用 那 些 Istio 原 生 提 供 的 能 力 ， 那 么 Istio 依 然 是 一 个 值 得 尝 试 的 开 箱 即 用 方 案 。 < / p >
< p > 但 如 果 你 的 生 产 环 境 比 较 复 杂 ， 技 术 债 务 较 重 ， 专 有 功 能 和 策 略 需 求 较 多 ， 亦 或 者 服 务 规 模 庞 大 ， 那 么 在 开 始 使 用 Istio 之 前 ， 你 需 要 仔 细 权 衡 上 述 这 些 要 素 ， 以 评 估 在 你 的 系 统 之 中 引 入 Istio 可 能 带 来 的 复 杂 度 和 潜 在 成 本 。 < / p >
< h2 id = "参考" > 参 考 < / h2 >
< ul >
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< li > < a href = "https://cloudnative.to/sig-istio/begin/do-you-really-need-istio" target = "_blank" > 你 是 否 真 的 需 要 Istio？ - cloudnative.to< / a > < / li >
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< li > < a href = "https://cloudnative.to/blog/the-facts-of-using-istio/" target = "_blank" > 在 生 产 环 境 使 用 Istio 前 的 若 干 考 虑 要 素 - cloudnative.to< / a > < / li >
< / ul >
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