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< title > 云原生编程语言Ballerina · Kubernetes Handbook - Kubernetes中文指南/云原生应用架构实践手册 by Jimmy Song(宋净超)< / title >
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< a href = "https://jimmysong.io/posts/cloud-native-python" target = "_blank" class = "custom-link" > Cloud Native Python（ ） < / a >
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< / li >
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< li >
< a href = "https://jimmysong.io/istio-handbok" target = "_blank" class = "custom-link" > Istio handbook< / a >
< / li >
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< li >
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< a href = "http://www.servicemesher.com" target = "_blank" class = "custom-link" > ServiceMesher社区< / a >
< / li >
< li >
< a href = "https://github.com/alipay/sofa-mesh" target = "_blank" class = "custom-link" > SOFAMesh - 基于Istio的大规模服务网格解决方案< / a >
< / li >
< li >
< a href = "https://jimmysong.io/posts/cloud-native-java" target = "_blank" class = "custom-link" > Cloud Native Java（ ） < / a >
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< / li >
< li >
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< a href = "https://github.com/alipay/sofa-mosn" target = "_blank" class = "custom-link" > SOFAMosn - Golang版的高性能Service Mesh Sidecar代理< / a >
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< / li >
< li >
< a href = "http://www.servicemesher.com/awesome-servicemesh" target = "_blank" class = "custom-link" > Awesome Service Mesh< / a >
< / li >
< li >
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< a href = "https://jimmysong.io" target = "_blank" class = "custom-link" > Jimmy Song< / a >
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< / li >
< li >
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< a href = "https://jimmysong.io/awesome-cloud-native" target = "_blank" class = "custom-link" > Awesome Cloud Native< / a >
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< / li >
< li >
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< a href = "https://jimmysong.io/posts/cloud-native-go" target = "_blank" class = "custom-link" > Cloud Native Go - 基于Go和React的web云原生应用构建指南< / a >
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< / li >
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< li class = "divider" > < / li >
< li class = "header" > 前言< / li >
< li class = "chapter " data-level = "1.1" data-path = "../" >
< a href = "../" >
< b > 1.1.< / b >
序言
< / a >
< / li >
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< li class = "header" > 云原生< / li >
< li class = "chapter " data-level = "2.1" data-path = "cloud-native-definition.html" >
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< a href = "cloud-native-definition.html" >
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< b > 2.1.< / b >
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云原生的定义
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< / a >
< / li >
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< li class = "chapter " data-level = "2.2" data-path = "cncf.html" >
< a href = "cncf.html" >
< b > 2.2.< / b >
CNCF - 云原生计算基金会简介
< / a >
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< / li >
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< li class = "chapter " data-level = "2.3" data-path = "cncf-charter.html" >
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< a href = "cncf-charter.html" >
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< b > 2.3.< / b >
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CNCF章程
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< / a >
< / li >
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< li class = "chapter " data-level = "2.4" data-path = "cloud-native-philosophy.html" >
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< a href = "cloud-native-philosophy.html" >
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< b > 2.4.< / b >
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云原生的设计哲学
< / a >
< / li >
< li class = "chapter " data-level = "2.5" data-path = "play-with-kubernetes.html" >
< a href = "play-with-kubernetes.html" >
< b > 2.5.< / b >
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Play with Kubernetes
< / a >
< / li >
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< li class = "chapter " data-level = "2.6" data-path = "cloud-native-local-quick-start.html" >
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< a href = "cloud-native-local-quick-start.html" >
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< b > 2.6.< / b >
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快速部署一个云原生本地实验环境
< / a >
< / li >
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< li class = "chapter " data-level = "2.7" data-path = "kubernetes-and-cloud-native-app-overview.html" >
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< a href = "kubernetes-and-cloud-native-app-overview.html" >
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< b > 2.7.< / b >
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Kubernetes与云原生应用概览
< / a >
< / li >
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< li class = "chapter " data-level = "2.8" data-path = "from-kubernetes-to-cloud-native.html" >
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< a href = "from-kubernetes-to-cloud-native.html" >
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< b > 2.8.< / b >
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云原生应用之路——从Kubernetes到Cloud Native
< / a >
< / li >
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< li class = "chapter " data-level = "2.9" data-path = "cloud-native-programming-languages.html" >
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< a href = "cloud-native-programming-languages.html" >
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< b > 2.9.< / b >
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云原生编程语言
< / a >
< ul class = "articles" >
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< li class = "chapter active" data-level = "2.9.1" data-path = "cloud-native-programming-language-ballerina.html" >
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< a href = "cloud-native-programming-language-ballerina.html" >
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< b > 2.9.1.< / b >
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云原生编程语言Ballerina
< / a >
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< / li >
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< li class = "chapter " data-level = "2.9.2" data-path = "cloud-native-programming-language-pulumi.html" >
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< a href = "cloud-native-programming-language-pulumi.html" >
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< b > 2.9.2.< / b >
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云原生编程语言Pulumi
< / a >
< / li >
< / ul >
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< / li >
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< li class = "chapter " data-level = "2.10" data-path = "the-future-of-cloud-native.html" >
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< a href = "the-future-of-cloud-native.html" >
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< b > 2.10.< / b >
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云原生的未来
< / a >
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< / li >
< li class = "header" > 概念与原理< / li >
< li class = "chapter " data-level = "3.1" data-path = "../concepts/" >
< a href = "../concepts/" >
< b > 3.1.< / b >
Kubernetes架构
< / a >
< ul class = "articles" >
< li class = "chapter " data-level = "3.1.1" data-path = "../concepts/concepts.html" >
< a href = "../concepts/concepts.html" >
< b > 3.1.1.< / b >
设计理念
< / a >
< / li >
< li class = "chapter " data-level = "3.1.2" data-path = "../concepts/etcd.html" >
< a href = "../concepts/etcd.html" >
< b > 3.1.2.< / b >
Etcd解析
< / a >
< / li >
< li class = "chapter " data-level = "3.1.3" data-path = "../concepts/open-interfaces.html" >
< a href = "../concepts/open-interfaces.html" >
< b > 3.1.3.< / b >
开放接口
< / a >
< ul class = "articles" >
< li class = "chapter " data-level = "3.1.3.1" data-path = "../concepts/cri.html" >
< a href = "../concepts/cri.html" >
< b > 3.1.3.1.< / b >
CRI - Container Runtime Interface（ ）
< / a >
< / li >
< li class = "chapter " data-level = "3.1.3.2" data-path = "../concepts/cni.html" >
< a href = "../concepts/cni.html" >
< b > 3.1.3.2.< / b >
CNI - Container Network Interface（ ）
< / a >
< / li >
< li class = "chapter " data-level = "3.1.3.3" data-path = "../concepts/csi.html" >
< a href = "../concepts/csi.html" >
< b > 3.1.3.3.< / b >
CSI - Container Storage Interface（ ）
< / a >
< / li >
< / ul >
< / li >
< / ul >
< / li >
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< li class = "chapter " data-level = "3.2" data-path = "../concepts/networking.html" >
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< a href = "../concepts/networking.html" >
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< b > 3.2.< / b >
Kubernetes中的网络
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< / a >
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< ul class = "articles" >
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< li class = "chapter " data-level = "3.2.1" data-path = "../concepts/flannel.html" >
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< a href = "../concepts/flannel.html" >
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< b > 3.2.1.< / b >
Kubernetes中的网络解析——以flannel为例
< / a >
< / li >
< li class = "chapter " data-level = "3.2.2" data-path = "../concepts/calico.html" >
< a href = "../concepts/calico.html" >
< b > 3.2.2.< / b >
Kubernetes中的网络解析——以calico为例
< / a >
< / li >
< / ul >
< / li >
< li class = "chapter " data-level = "3.3" data-path = "../concepts/objects.html" >
< a href = "../concepts/objects.html" >
< b > 3.3.< / b >
资源对象与基本概念解析
< / a >
< / li >
< li class = "chapter " data-level = "3.4" data-path = "../concepts/pod-state-and-lifecycle.html" >
< a href = "../concepts/pod-state-and-lifecycle.html" >
< b > 3.4.< / b >
Pod状态与生命周期管理
< / a >
< ul class = "articles" >
< li class = "chapter " data-level = "3.4.1" data-path = "../concepts/pod-overview.html" >
< a href = "../concepts/pod-overview.html" >
< b > 3.4.1.< / b >
Pod概览
< / a >
< / li >
< li class = "chapter " data-level = "3.4.2" data-path = "../concepts/pod.html" >
< a href = "../concepts/pod.html" >
< b > 3.4.2.< / b >
Pod解析
< / a >
< / li >
< li class = "chapter " data-level = "3.4.3" data-path = "../concepts/init-containers.html" >
< a href = "../concepts/init-containers.html" >
< b > 3.4.3.< / b >
Init容器
< / a >
< / li >
< li class = "chapter " data-level = "3.4.4" data-path = "../concepts/pause-container.html" >
< a href = "../concepts/pause-container.html" >
< b > 3.4.4.< / b >
Pause容器
< / a >
< / li >
< li class = "chapter " data-level = "3.4.5" data-path = "../concepts/pod-security-policy.html" >
< a href = "../concepts/pod-security-policy.html" >
< b > 3.4.5.< / b >
Pod安全策略
< / a >
< / li >
< li class = "chapter " data-level = "3.4.6" data-path = "../concepts/pod-lifecycle.html" >
< a href = "../concepts/pod-lifecycle.html" >
< b > 3.4.6.< / b >
Pod的生命周期
< / a >
< / li >
< li class = "chapter " data-level = "3.4.7" data-path = "../concepts/pod-hook.html" >
< a href = "../concepts/pod-hook.html" >
< b > 3.4.7.< / b >
Pod Hook
< / a >
< / li >
< li class = "chapter " data-level = "3.4.8" data-path = "../concepts/pod-preset.html" >
< a href = "../concepts/pod-preset.html" >
< b > 3.4.8.< / b >
Pod Preset
< / a >
< / li >
< li class = "chapter " data-level = "3.4.9" data-path = "../concepts/pod-disruption-budget.html" >
< a href = "../concepts/pod-disruption-budget.html" >
< b > 3.4.9.< / b >
Pod中断与PDB（ ）
< / a >
< / li >
< / ul >
< / li >
< li class = "chapter " data-level = "3.5" data-path = "../concepts/cluster.html" >
< a href = "../concepts/cluster.html" >
< b > 3.5.< / b >
集群资源管理
< / a >
< ul class = "articles" >
< li class = "chapter " data-level = "3.5.1" data-path = "../concepts/node.html" >
< a href = "../concepts/node.html" >
< b > 3.5.1.< / b >
Node
< / a >
< / li >
< li class = "chapter " data-level = "3.5.2" data-path = "../concepts/namespace.html" >
< a href = "../concepts/namespace.html" >
< b > 3.5.2.< / b >
Namespace
< / a >
< / li >
< li class = "chapter " data-level = "3.5.3" data-path = "../concepts/label.html" >
< a href = "../concepts/label.html" >
< b > 3.5.3.< / b >
Label
< / a >
< / li >
< li class = "chapter " data-level = "3.5.4" data-path = "../concepts/annotation.html" >
< a href = "../concepts/annotation.html" >
< b > 3.5.4.< / b >
Annotation
< / a >
< / li >
< li class = "chapter " data-level = "3.5.5" data-path = "../concepts/taint-and-toleration.html" >
< a href = "../concepts/taint-and-toleration.html" >
< b > 3.5.5.< / b >
Taint和Toleration（ ）
< / a >
< / li >
< li class = "chapter " data-level = "3.5.6" data-path = "../concepts/garbage-collection.html" >
< a href = "../concepts/garbage-collection.html" >
< b > 3.5.6.< / b >
垃圾收集
< / a >
< / li >
< / ul >
< / li >
< li class = "chapter " data-level = "3.6" data-path = "../concepts/controllers.html" >
< a href = "../concepts/controllers.html" >
< b > 3.6.< / b >
控制器
< / a >
< ul class = "articles" >
< li class = "chapter " data-level = "3.6.1" data-path = "../concepts/deployment.html" >
< a href = "../concepts/deployment.html" >
< b > 3.6.1.< / b >
Deployment
< / a >
< / li >
< li class = "chapter " data-level = "3.6.2" data-path = "../concepts/statefulset.html" >
< a href = "../concepts/statefulset.html" >
< b > 3.6.2.< / b >
StatefulSet
< / a >
< / li >
< li class = "chapter " data-level = "3.6.3" data-path = "../concepts/daemonset.html" >
< a href = "../concepts/daemonset.html" >
< b > 3.6.3.< / b >
DaemonSet
< / a >
< / li >
< li class = "chapter " data-level = "3.6.4" data-path = "../concepts/replicaset.html" >
< a href = "../concepts/replicaset.html" >
< b > 3.6.4.< / b >
ReplicationController和ReplicaSet
< / a >
< / li >
< li class = "chapter " data-level = "3.6.5" data-path = "../concepts/job.html" >
< a href = "../concepts/job.html" >
< b > 3.6.5.< / b >
Job
< / a >
< / li >
< li class = "chapter " data-level = "3.6.6" data-path = "../concepts/cronjob.html" >
< a href = "../concepts/cronjob.html" >
< b > 3.6.6.< / b >
CronJob
< / a >
< / li >
< li class = "chapter " data-level = "3.6.7" data-path = "../concepts/horizontal-pod-autoscaling.html" >
< a href = "../concepts/horizontal-pod-autoscaling.html" >
< b > 3.6.7.< / b >
Horizontal Pod Autoscaling
< / a >
< ul class = "articles" >
< li class = "chapter " data-level = "3.6.7.1" data-path = "../concepts/custom-metrics-hpa.html" >
< a href = "../concepts/custom-metrics-hpa.html" >
< b > 3.6.7.1.< / b >
自定义指标HPA
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< li class = "chapter " data-level = "3.7" data-path = "../concepts/service-discovery.html" >
< a href = "../concepts/service-discovery.html" >
< b > 3.7.< / b >
服务发现
< / a >
< ul class = "articles" >
< li class = "chapter " data-level = "3.7.1" data-path = "../concepts/service.html" >
< a href = "../concepts/service.html" >
< b > 3.7.1.< / b >
Service
< / a >
< / li >
< li class = "chapter " data-level = "3.7.2" data-path = "../concepts/ingress.html" >
< a href = "../concepts/ingress.html" >
< b > 3.7.2.< / b >
Ingress
< / a >
< ul class = "articles" >
< li class = "chapter " data-level = "3.7.2.1" data-path = "../concepts/traefik-ingress-controller.html" >
< a href = "../concepts/traefik-ingress-controller.html" >
< b > 3.7.2.1.< / b >
Traefik Ingress Controller
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< / ul >
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< / ul >
< / li >
< li class = "chapter " data-level = "3.8" data-path = "../concepts/authentication-and-permission.html" >
< a href = "../concepts/authentication-and-permission.html" >
< b > 3.8.< / b >
身份与权限控制
< / a >
< ul class = "articles" >
< li class = "chapter " data-level = "3.8.1" data-path = "../concepts/serviceaccount.html" >
< a href = "../concepts/serviceaccount.html" >
< b > 3.8.1.< / b >
ServiceAccount
< / a >
< / li >
< li class = "chapter " data-level = "3.8.2" data-path = "../concepts/rbac.html" >
< a href = "../concepts/rbac.html" >
< b > 3.8.2.< / b >
RBAC——基于角色的访问控制
< / a >
< / li >
< li class = "chapter " data-level = "3.8.3" data-path = "../concepts/network-policy.html" >
< a href = "../concepts/network-policy.html" >
< b > 3.8.3.< / b >
NetworkPolicy
< / a >
< / li >
< / ul >
< / li >
< li class = "chapter " data-level = "3.9" data-path = "../concepts/storage.html" >
< a href = "../concepts/storage.html" >
< b > 3.9.< / b >
存储
< / a >
< ul class = "articles" >
< li class = "chapter " data-level = "3.9.1" data-path = "../concepts/secret.html" >
< a href = "../concepts/secret.html" >
< b > 3.9.1.< / b >
Secret
< / a >
< / li >
< li class = "chapter " data-level = "3.9.2" data-path = "../concepts/configmap.html" >
< a href = "../concepts/configmap.html" >
< b > 3.9.2.< / b >
ConfigMap
< / a >
< ul class = "articles" >
< li class = "chapter " data-level = "3.9.2.1" data-path = "../concepts/configmap-hot-update.html" >
< a href = "../concepts/configmap-hot-update.html" >
< b > 3.9.2.1.< / b >
ConfigMap的热更新
< / a >
< / li >
< / ul >
< / li >
< li class = "chapter " data-level = "3.9.3" data-path = "../concepts/volume.html" >
< a href = "../concepts/volume.html" >
< b > 3.9.3.< / b >
Volume
< / a >
< / li >
< li class = "chapter " data-level = "3.9.4" data-path = "../concepts/persistent-volume.html" >
< a href = "../concepts/persistent-volume.html" >
< b > 3.9.4.< / b >
Persistent Volume（ ）
< / a >
< / li >
< li class = "chapter " data-level = "3.9.5" data-path = "../concepts/storageclass.html" >
< a href = "../concepts/storageclass.html" >
< b > 3.9.5.< / b >
Storage Class
< / a >
< / li >
< li class = "chapter " data-level = "3.9.6" data-path = "../concepts/local-persistent-storage.html" >
< a href = "../concepts/local-persistent-storage.html" >
< b > 3.9.6.< / b >
本地持久化存储
< / a >
< / li >
< / ul >
< / li >
< li class = "chapter " data-level = "3.10" data-path = "../concepts/extension.html" >
< a href = "../concepts/extension.html" >
< b > 3.10.< / b >
集群扩展
< / a >
< ul class = "articles" >
< li class = "chapter " data-level = "3.10.1" data-path = "../concepts/custom-resource.html" >
< a href = "../concepts/custom-resource.html" >
< b > 3.10.1.< / b >
使用自定义资源扩展API
< / a >
< / li >
< li class = "chapter " data-level = "3.10.2" data-path = "../concepts/aggregated-api-server.html" >
< a href = "../concepts/aggregated-api-server.html" >
< b > 3.10.2.< / b >
Aggregated API Server
< / a >
< / li >
< li class = "chapter " data-level = "3.10.3" data-path = "../concepts/apiservice.html" >
< a href = "../concepts/apiservice.html" >
< b > 3.10.3.< / b >
APIService
< / a >
< / li >
< li class = "chapter " data-level = "3.10.4" data-path = "../concepts/service-catalog.html" >
< a href = "../concepts/service-catalog.html" >
< b > 3.10.4.< / b >
Service Catalog
< / a >
< / li >
< / ul >
< / li >
< li class = "chapter " data-level = "3.11" data-path = "../concepts/scheduling.html" >
< a href = "../concepts/scheduling.html" >
< b > 3.11.< / b >
资源调度
< / a >
< / li >
< li class = "header" > 用户指南< / li >
< li class = "chapter " data-level = "4.1" data-path = "../guide/" >
< a href = "../guide/" >
< b > 4.1.< / b >
用户指南
< / a >
< / li >
< li class = "chapter " data-level = "4.2" data-path = "../guide/resource-configuration.html" >
< a href = "../guide/resource-configuration.html" >
< b > 4.2.< / b >
资源对象配置
< / a >
< ul class = "articles" >
< li class = "chapter " data-level = "4.2.1" data-path = "../guide/configure-liveness-readiness-probes.html" >
< a href = "../guide/configure-liveness-readiness-probes.html" >
< b > 4.2.1.< / b >
配置Pod的liveness和readiness探针
< / a >
< / li >
< li class = "chapter " data-level = "4.2.2" data-path = "../guide/configure-pod-service-account.html" >
< a href = "../guide/configure-pod-service-account.html" >
< b > 4.2.2.< / b >
配置Pod的Service Account
< / a >
< / li >
< li class = "chapter " data-level = "4.2.3" data-path = "../guide/secret-configuration.html" >
< a href = "../guide/secret-configuration.html" >
< b > 4.2.3.< / b >
Secret配置
< / a >
< / li >
< li class = "chapter " data-level = "4.2.4" data-path = "../guide/resource-quota-management.html" >
< a href = "../guide/resource-quota-management.html" >
< b > 4.2.4.< / b >
管理namespace中的资源配额
< / a >
< / li >
< / ul >
< / li >
< li class = "chapter " data-level = "4.3" data-path = "../guide/command-usage.html" >
< a href = "../guide/command-usage.html" >
< b > 4.3.< / b >
命令使用
< / a >
< ul class = "articles" >
< li class = "chapter " data-level = "4.3.1" data-path = "../guide/docker-cli-to-kubectl.html" >
< a href = "../guide/docker-cli-to-kubectl.html" >
< b > 4.3.1.< / b >
docker用户过度到kubectl命令行指南
< / a >
< / li >
< li class = "chapter " data-level = "4.3.2" data-path = "../guide/using-kubectl.html" >
< a href = "../guide/using-kubectl.html" >
< b > 4.3.2.< / b >
kubectl命令概览
< / a >
< / li >
< li class = "chapter " data-level = "4.3.3" data-path = "../guide/kubectl-cheatsheet.html" >
< a href = "../guide/kubectl-cheatsheet.html" >
< b > 4.3.3.< / b >
kubectl命令技巧大全
< / a >
< / li >
< li class = "chapter " data-level = "4.3.4" data-path = "../guide/using-etcdctl-to-access-kubernetes-data.html" >
< a href = "../guide/using-etcdctl-to-access-kubernetes-data.html" >
< b > 4.3.4.< / b >
使用etcdctl访问kubernetes数据
< / a >
< / li >
< / ul >
< / li >
< li class = "chapter " data-level = "4.4" data-path = "../guide/cluster-security-management.html" >
< a href = "../guide/cluster-security-management.html" >
< b > 4.4.< / b >
集群安全性管理
< / a >
< ul class = "articles" >
< li class = "chapter " data-level = "4.4.1" data-path = "../guide/managing-tls-in-a-cluster.html" >
< a href = "../guide/managing-tls-in-a-cluster.html" >
< b > 4.4.1.< / b >
管理集群中的TLS
< / a >
< / li >
< li class = "chapter " data-level = "4.4.2" data-path = "../guide/kubelet-authentication-authorization.html" >
< a href = "../guide/kubelet-authentication-authorization.html" >
< b > 4.4.2.< / b >
kubelet的认证授权
< / a >
< / li >
< li class = "chapter " data-level = "4.4.3" data-path = "../guide/tls-bootstrapping.html" >
< a href = "../guide/tls-bootstrapping.html" >
< b > 4.4.3.< / b >
TLS bootstrap
< / a >
< / li >
< li class = "chapter " data-level = "4.4.4" data-path = "../guide/kubectl-user-authentication-authorization.html" >
< a href = "../guide/kubectl-user-authentication-authorization.html" >
< b > 4.4.4.< / b >
创建用户认证授权的kubeconfig文件
< / a >
< / li >
< li class = "chapter " data-level = "4.4.5" data-path = "../guide/ip-masq-agent.html" >
< a href = "../guide/ip-masq-agent.html" >
< b > 4.4.5.< / b >
IP伪装代理
< / a >
< / li >
< li class = "chapter " data-level = "4.4.6" data-path = "../guide/auth-with-kubeconfig-or-token.html" >
< a href = "../guide/auth-with-kubeconfig-or-token.html" >
< b > 4.4.6.< / b >
使用kubeconfig或token进行用户身份认证
< / a >
< / li >
< li class = "chapter " data-level = "4.4.7" data-path = "../guide/authentication.html" >
< a href = "../guide/authentication.html" >
< b > 4.4.7.< / b >
Kubernetes中的用户与身份认证授权
< / a >
< / li >
< li class = "chapter " data-level = "4.4.8" data-path = "../guide/kubernetes-security-best-practice.html" >
< a href = "../guide/kubernetes-security-best-practice.html" >
< b > 4.4.8.< / b >
Kubernetes集群安全性配置最佳实践
< / a >
< / li >
< / ul >
< / li >
< li class = "chapter " data-level = "4.5" data-path = "../guide/access-kubernetes-cluster.html" >
< a href = "../guide/access-kubernetes-cluster.html" >
< b > 4.5.< / b >
访问Kubernetes集群
< / a >
< ul class = "articles" >
< li class = "chapter " data-level = "4.5.1" data-path = "../guide/access-cluster.html" >
< a href = "../guide/access-cluster.html" >
< b > 4.5.1.< / b >
访问集群
< / a >
< / li >
< li class = "chapter " data-level = "4.5.2" data-path = "../guide/authenticate-across-clusters-kubeconfig.html" >
< a href = "../guide/authenticate-across-clusters-kubeconfig.html" >
< b > 4.5.2.< / b >
使用kubeconfig文件配置跨集群认证
< / a >
< / li >
< li class = "chapter " data-level = "4.5.3" data-path = "../guide/connecting-to-applications-port-forward.html" >
< a href = "../guide/connecting-to-applications-port-forward.html" >
< b > 4.5.3.< / b >
通过端口转发访问集群中的应用程序
< / a >
< / li >
< li class = "chapter " data-level = "4.5.4" data-path = "../guide/service-access-application-cluster.html" >
< a href = "../guide/service-access-application-cluster.html" >
< b > 4.5.4.< / b >
使用service访问群集中的应用程序
< / a >
< / li >
< li class = "chapter " data-level = "4.5.5" data-path = "../guide/accessing-kubernetes-pods-from-outside-of-the-cluster.html" >
< a href = "../guide/accessing-kubernetes-pods-from-outside-of-the-cluster.html" >
< b > 4.5.5.< / b >
从外部访问Kubernetes中的Pod
< / a >
< / li >
< li class = "chapter " data-level = "4.5.6" data-path = "../guide/cabin-mobile-dashboard-for-kubernetes.html" >
< a href = "../guide/cabin-mobile-dashboard-for-kubernetes.html" >
< b > 4.5.6.< / b >
Cabin - Kubernetes手机客户端
< / a >
< / li >
< li class = "chapter " data-level = "4.5.7" data-path = "../guide/kubernetes-desktop-client.html" >
< a href = "../guide/kubernetes-desktop-client.html" >
< b > 4.5.7.< / b >
Kubernetic - Kubernetes桌面客户端
< / a >
< / li >
< li class = "chapter " data-level = "4.5.8" data-path = "../guide/kubernator-kubernetes-ui.html" >
< a href = "../guide/kubernator-kubernetes-ui.html" >
< b > 4.5.8.< / b >
Kubernator - 更底层的Kubernetes UI
< / a >
< / li >
< / ul >
< / li >
< li class = "chapter " data-level = "4.6" data-path = "../guide/application-development-deployment-flow.html" >
< a href = "../guide/application-development-deployment-flow.html" >
< b > 4.6.< / b >
在Kubernetes中开发部署应用
< / a >
< ul class = "articles" >
< li class = "chapter " data-level = "4.6.1" data-path = "../guide/deploy-applications-in-kubernetes.html" >
< a href = "../guide/deploy-applications-in-kubernetes.html" >
< b > 4.6.1.< / b >
适用于kubernetes的应用开发部署流程
< / a >
< / li >
< li class = "chapter " data-level = "4.6.2" data-path = "../guide/migrating-hadoop-yarn-to-kubernetes.html" >
< a href = "../guide/migrating-hadoop-yarn-to-kubernetes.html" >
< b > 4.6.2.< / b >
迁移传统应用到Kubernetes中——以Hadoop YARN为例
< / a >
< / li >
< li class = "chapter " data-level = "4.6.3" data-path = "../guide/using-statefulset.html" >
< a href = "../guide/using-statefulset.html" >
< b > 4.6.3.< / b >
使用StatefulSet部署用状态应用
< / a >
< / li >
< / ul >
< / li >
< li class = "header" > 最佳实践< / li >
< li class = "chapter " data-level = "5.1" data-path = "../practice/" >
< a href = "../practice/" >
< b > 5.1.< / b >
最佳实践概览
< / a >
< / li >
< li class = "chapter " data-level = "5.2" data-path = "../practice/install-kubernetes-on-centos.html" >
< a href = "../practice/install-kubernetes-on-centos.html" >
< b > 5.2.< / b >
在CentOS上部署Kubernetes集群
< / a >
< ul class = "articles" >
< li class = "chapter " data-level = "5.2.1" data-path = "../practice/create-tls-and-secret-key.html" >
< a href = "../practice/create-tls-and-secret-key.html" >
< b > 5.2.1.< / b >
创建TLS证书和秘钥
< / a >
< / li >
< li class = "chapter " data-level = "5.2.2" data-path = "../practice/create-kubeconfig.html" >
< a href = "../practice/create-kubeconfig.html" >
< b > 5.2.2.< / b >
创建kubeconfig文件
< / a >
< / li >
< li class = "chapter " data-level = "5.2.3" data-path = "../practice/etcd-cluster-installation.html" >
< a href = "../practice/etcd-cluster-installation.html" >
< b > 5.2.3.< / b >
创建高可用etcd集群
< / a >
< / li >
< li class = "chapter " data-level = "5.2.4" data-path = "../practice/kubectl-installation.html" >
< a href = "../practice/kubectl-installation.html" >
< b > 5.2.4.< / b >
安装kubectl命令行工具
< / a >
< / li >
< li class = "chapter " data-level = "5.2.5" data-path = "../practice/master-installation.html" >
< a href = "../practice/master-installation.html" >
< b > 5.2.5.< / b >
部署master节点
< / a >
< / li >
< li class = "chapter " data-level = "5.2.6" data-path = "../practice/flannel-installation.html" >
< a href = "../practice/flannel-installation.html" >
< b > 5.2.6.< / b >
安装flannel网络插件
< / a >
< / li >
< li class = "chapter " data-level = "5.2.7" data-path = "../practice/node-installation.html" >
< a href = "../practice/node-installation.html" >
< b > 5.2.7.< / b >
部署node节点
< / a >
< / li >
< li class = "chapter " data-level = "5.2.8" data-path = "../practice/kubedns-addon-installation.html" >
< a href = "../practice/kubedns-addon-installation.html" >
< b > 5.2.8.< / b >
安装kubedns插件
< / a >
< / li >
< li class = "chapter " data-level = "5.2.9" data-path = "../practice/dashboard-addon-installation.html" >
< a href = "../practice/dashboard-addon-installation.html" >
< b > 5.2.9.< / b >
安装dashboard插件
< / a >
< / li >
< li class = "chapter " data-level = "5.2.10" data-path = "../practice/heapster-addon-installation.html" >
< a href = "../practice/heapster-addon-installation.html" >
< b > 5.2.10.< / b >
安装heapster插件
< / a >
< / li >
< li class = "chapter " data-level = "5.2.11" data-path = "../practice/efk-addon-installation.html" >
< a href = "../practice/efk-addon-installation.html" >
< b > 5.2.11.< / b >
安装EFK插件
< / a >
< / li >
< / ul >
< / li >
< li class = "chapter " data-level = "5.3" data-path = "../practice/install-kubernetes-with-kubeadm.html" >
< a href = "../practice/install-kubernetes-with-kubeadm.html" >
< b > 5.3.< / b >
使用kubeadm快速构建测试集群
< / a >
< ul class = "articles" >
< li class = "chapter " data-level = "5.3.1" data-path = "../practice/install-kubernetes-on-ubuntu-server-16.04-with-kubeadm.html" >
< a href = "../practice/install-kubernetes-on-ubuntu-server-16.04-with-kubeadm.html" >
< b > 5.3.1.< / b >
使用kubeadm在Ubuntu Server 16.04上快速构建测试集群
< / a >
< / li >
< / ul >
< / li >
< li class = "chapter " data-level = "5.4" data-path = "../practice/service-discovery-and-loadbalancing.html" >
< a href = "../practice/service-discovery-and-loadbalancing.html" >
< b > 5.4.< / b >
服务发现与负载均衡
< / a >
< ul class = "articles" >
< li class = "chapter " data-level = "5.4.1" data-path = "../practice/traefik-ingress-installation.html" >
< a href = "../practice/traefik-ingress-installation.html" >
< b > 5.4.1.< / b >
安装Traefik ingress
< / a >
< / li >
< li class = "chapter " data-level = "5.4.2" data-path = "../practice/distributed-load-test.html" >
< a href = "../practice/distributed-load-test.html" >
< b > 5.4.2.< / b >
分布式负载测试
< / a >
< / li >
< li class = "chapter " data-level = "5.4.3" data-path = "../practice/network-and-cluster-perfermance-test.html" >
< a href = "../practice/network-and-cluster-perfermance-test.html" >
< b > 5.4.3.< / b >
网络和集群性能测试
< / a >
< / li >
< li class = "chapter " data-level = "5.4.4" data-path = "../practice/edge-node-configuration.html" >
< a href = "../practice/edge-node-configuration.html" >
< b > 5.4.4.< / b >
边缘节点配置
< / a >
< / li >
< li class = "chapter " data-level = "5.4.5" data-path = "../practice/nginx-ingress-installation.html" >
< a href = "../practice/nginx-ingress-installation.html" >
< b > 5.4.5.< / b >
安装Nginx ingress
< / a >
< / li >
< li class = "chapter " data-level = "5.4.6" data-path = "../practice/dns-installation.html" >
< a href = "../practice/dns-installation.html" >
< b > 5.4.6.< / b >
安装配置DNS
< / a >
< ul class = "articles" >
< li class = "chapter " data-level = "5.4.6.1" data-path = "../practice/configuring-dns.html" >
< a href = "../practice/configuring-dns.html" >
< b > 5.4.6.1.< / b >
安装配置Kube-dns
< / a >
< / li >
< li class = "chapter " data-level = "5.4.6.2" data-path = "../practice/coredns.html" >
< a href = "../practice/coredns.html" >
< b > 5.4.6.2.< / b >
安装配置CoreDNS
< / a >
< / li >
< / ul >
< / li >
< / ul >
< / li >
< li class = "chapter " data-level = "5.5" data-path = "../practice/operation.html" >
< a href = "../practice/operation.html" >
< b > 5.5.< / b >
运维管理
< / a >
< ul class = "articles" >
< li class = "chapter " data-level = "5.5.1" data-path = "../practice/master-ha.html" >
< a href = "../practice/master-ha.html" >
< b > 5.5.1.< / b >
Master节点高可用
< / a >
< / li >
< li class = "chapter " data-level = "5.5.2" data-path = "../practice/service-rolling-update.html" >
< a href = "../practice/service-rolling-update.html" >
< b > 5.5.2.< / b >
服务滚动升级
< / a >
< / li >
< li class = "chapter " data-level = "5.5.3" data-path = "../practice/app-log-collection.html" >
< a href = "../practice/app-log-collection.html" >
< b > 5.5.3.< / b >
应用日志收集
< / a >
< / li >
< li class = "chapter " data-level = "5.5.4" data-path = "../practice/configuration-best-practice.html" >
< a href = "../practice/configuration-best-practice.html" >
< b > 5.5.4.< / b >
配置最佳实践
< / a >
< / li >
< li class = "chapter " data-level = "5.5.5" data-path = "../practice/monitor.html" >
< a href = "../practice/monitor.html" >
< b > 5.5.5.< / b >
集群及应用监控
< / a >
< / li >
< li class = "chapter " data-level = "5.5.6" data-path = "../practice/data-persistence-problem.html" >
< a href = "../practice/data-persistence-problem.html" >
< b > 5.5.6.< / b >
数据持久化问题
< / a >
< / li >
< li class = "chapter " data-level = "5.5.7" data-path = "../practice/manage-compute-resources-container.html" >
< a href = "../practice/manage-compute-resources-container.html" >
< b > 5.5.7.< / b >
管理容器的计算资源
< / a >
< / li >
< li class = "chapter " data-level = "5.5.8" data-path = "../practice/federation.html" >
< a href = "../practice/federation.html" >
< b > 5.5.8.< / b >
集群联邦
< / a >
< / li >
< / ul >
< / li >
< li class = "chapter " data-level = "5.6" data-path = "../practice/storage.html" >
< a href = "../practice/storage.html" >
< b > 5.6.< / b >
存储管理
< / a >
< ul class = "articles" >
< li class = "chapter " data-level = "5.6.1" data-path = "../practice/glusterfs.html" >
< a href = "../practice/glusterfs.html" >
< b > 5.6.1.< / b >
GlusterFS
< / a >
< ul class = "articles" >
< li class = "chapter " data-level = "5.6.1.1" data-path = "../practice/using-glusterfs-for-persistent-storage.html" >
< a href = "../practice/using-glusterfs-for-persistent-storage.html" >
< b > 5.6.1.1.< / b >
使用GlusterFS做持久化存储
< / a >
< / li >
< li class = "chapter " data-level = "5.6.1.2" data-path = "../practice/using-heketi-gluster-for-persistent-storage.html" >
< a href = "../practice/using-heketi-gluster-for-persistent-storage.html" >
< b > 5.6.1.2.< / b >
使用Heketi作为kubernetes的持久存储GlusterFS的external provisioner
< / a >
< / li >
< li class = "chapter " data-level = "5.6.1.3" data-path = "../practice/storage-for-containers-using-glusterfs-with-openshift.html" >
< a href = "../practice/storage-for-containers-using-glusterfs-with-openshift.html" >
< b > 5.6.1.3.< / b >
在OpenShift中使用GlusterFS做持久化存储
< / a >
< / li >
< / ul >
< / li >
2018-05-23 19:52:24 +08:00
< li class = "chapter " data-level = "5.6.2" data-path = "../practice/glusterd-2.0.html" >
2018-05-12 23:29:42 +08:00
2018-05-23 19:52:24 +08:00
< a href = "../practice/glusterd-2.0.html" >
2018-05-12 23:29:42 +08:00
< b > 5.6.2.< / b >
2018-05-23 19:52:24 +08:00
GlusterD-2.0
< / a >
< / li >
< li class = "chapter " data-level = "5.6.3" data-path = "../practice/ceph.html" >
< a href = "../practice/ceph.html" >
< b > 5.6.3.< / b >
2018-05-12 23:29:42 +08:00
Ceph
< / a >
< ul class = "articles" >
2018-05-23 19:52:24 +08:00
< li class = "chapter " data-level = "5.6.3.1" data-path = "../practice/ceph-helm-install-guide-zh.html" >
2018-05-12 23:29:42 +08:00
< a href = "../practice/ceph-helm-install-guide-zh.html" >
2018-05-23 19:52:24 +08:00
< b > 5.6.3.1.< / b >
2018-05-12 23:29:42 +08:00
用Helm托管安装Ceph集群并提供后端存储
< / a >
< / li >
2018-05-23 19:52:24 +08:00
< li class = "chapter " data-level = "5.6.3.2" data-path = "../practice/using-ceph-for-persistent-storage.html" >
2018-05-12 23:29:42 +08:00
< a href = "../practice/using-ceph-for-persistent-storage.html" >
2018-05-23 19:52:24 +08:00
< b > 5.6.3.2.< / b >
2018-05-12 23:29:42 +08:00
使用Ceph做持久化存储
< / a >
< / li >
< / ul >
< / li >
2018-05-23 19:52:24 +08:00
< li class = "chapter " data-level = "5.6.4" data-path = "../practice/openebs.html" >
2018-05-12 23:29:42 +08:00
< a href = "../practice/openebs.html" >
2018-05-23 19:52:24 +08:00
< b > 5.6.4.< / b >
2018-05-12 23:29:42 +08:00
OpenEBS
< / a >
< ul class = "articles" >
2018-05-23 19:52:24 +08:00
< li class = "chapter " data-level = "5.6.4.1" data-path = "../practice/using-openebs-for-persistent-storage.html" >
2018-05-12 23:29:42 +08:00
< a href = "../practice/using-openebs-for-persistent-storage.html" >
2018-05-23 19:52:24 +08:00
< b > 5.6.4.1.< / b >
2018-05-12 23:29:42 +08:00
使用OpenEBS做持久化存储
< / a >
< / li >
< / ul >
< / li >
2018-05-23 19:52:24 +08:00
< li class = "chapter " data-level = "5.6.5" data-path = "../practice/rook.html" >
2018-05-12 23:29:42 +08:00
< a href = "../practice/rook.html" >
2018-05-23 19:52:24 +08:00
< b > 5.6.5.< / b >
2018-05-12 23:29:42 +08:00
Rook
< / a >
< / li >
2018-05-23 19:52:24 +08:00
< li class = "chapter " data-level = "5.6.6" data-path = "../practice/nfs.html" >
2018-05-12 23:29:42 +08:00
< a href = "../practice/nfs.html" >
2018-05-23 19:52:24 +08:00
< b > 5.6.6.< / b >
2018-05-12 23:29:42 +08:00
NFS
< / a >
< ul class = "articles" >
2018-05-23 19:52:24 +08:00
< li class = "chapter " data-level = "5.6.6.1" data-path = "../practice/using-nfs-for-persistent-storage.html" >
2018-05-12 23:29:42 +08:00
< a href = "../practice/using-nfs-for-persistent-storage.html" >
2018-05-23 19:52:24 +08:00
< b > 5.6.6.1.< / b >
2018-05-12 23:29:42 +08:00
利用NFS动态提供Kubernetes后端存储卷
< / a >
< / li >
< / ul >
< / li >
< / ul >
< / li >
< li class = "chapter " data-level = "5.7" data-path = "../practice/monitoring.html" >
< a href = "../practice/monitoring.html" >
< b > 5.7.< / b >
集群与应用监控
< / a >
< ul class = "articles" >
< li class = "chapter " data-level = "5.7.1" data-path = "../practice/heapster.html" >
< a href = "../practice/heapster.html" >
< b > 5.7.1.< / b >
Heapster
< / a >
< ul class = "articles" >
< li class = "chapter " data-level = "5.7.1.1" data-path = "../practice/using-heapster-to-get-object-metrics.html" >
< a href = "../practice/using-heapster-to-get-object-metrics.html" >
< b > 5.7.1.1.< / b >
使用Heapster获取集群和对象的metric数据
< / a >
< / li >
< / ul >
< / li >
< li class = "chapter " data-level = "5.7.2" data-path = "../practice/prometheus.html" >
< a href = "../practice/prometheus.html" >
< b > 5.7.2.< / b >
Prometheus
< / a >
< ul class = "articles" >
< li class = "chapter " data-level = "5.7.2.1" data-path = "../practice/using-prometheus-to-monitor-kuberentes-cluster.html" >
< a href = "../practice/using-prometheus-to-monitor-kuberentes-cluster.html" >
< b > 5.7.2.1.< / b >
使用Prometheus监控kubernetes集群
< / a >
< / li >
< / ul >
2018-06-20 15:02:23 +08:00
< / li >
< li class = "chapter " data-level = "5.7.3" data-path = "../practice/vistio-visualize-your-istio-mesh.html" >
< a href = "../practice/vistio-visualize-your-istio-mesh.html" >
< b > 5.7.3.< / b >
使用Vistio监控Istio服务网格中的流量
< / a >
2018-05-12 23:29:42 +08:00
< / li >
< / ul >
< / li >
< li class = "chapter " data-level = "5.8" data-path = "../practice/services-management-tool.html" >
< a href = "../practice/services-management-tool.html" >
< b > 5.8.< / b >
服务编排管理
< / a >
< ul class = "articles" >
< li class = "chapter " data-level = "5.8.1" data-path = "../practice/helm.html" >
< a href = "../practice/helm.html" >
< b > 5.8.1.< / b >
使用Helm管理kubernetes应用
< / a >
< / li >
< li class = "chapter " data-level = "5.8.2" data-path = "../practice/create-private-charts-repo.html" >
< a href = "../practice/create-private-charts-repo.html" >
< b > 5.8.2.< / b >
构建私有Chart仓库
< / a >
< / li >
< / ul >
< / li >
< li class = "chapter " data-level = "5.9" data-path = "../practice/ci-cd.html" >
< a href = "../practice/ci-cd.html" >
< b > 5.9.< / b >
持续集成与发布
< / a >
< ul class = "articles" >
< li class = "chapter " data-level = "5.9.1" data-path = "../practice/jenkins-ci-cd.html" >
< a href = "../practice/jenkins-ci-cd.html" >
< b > 5.9.1.< / b >
使用Jenkins进行持续集成与发布
< / a >
< / li >
< li class = "chapter " data-level = "5.9.2" data-path = "../practice/drone-ci-cd.html" >
< a href = "../practice/drone-ci-cd.html" >
< b > 5.9.2.< / b >
使用Drone进行持续集成与发布
< / a >
< / li >
< / ul >
< / li >
< li class = "chapter " data-level = "5.10" data-path = "../practice/update-and-upgrade.html" >
< a href = "../practice/update-and-upgrade.html" >
< b > 5.10.< / b >
更新与升级
< / a >
< ul class = "articles" >
< li class = "chapter " data-level = "5.10.1" data-path = "../practice/manually-upgrade.html" >
< a href = "../practice/manually-upgrade.html" >
< b > 5.10.1.< / b >
手动升级Kubernetes集群
< / a >
< / li >
< li class = "chapter " data-level = "5.10.2" data-path = "../practice/dashboard-upgrade.html" >
< a href = "../practice/dashboard-upgrade.html" >
< b > 5.10.2.< / b >
升级dashboard
< / a >
< / li >
< / ul >
< / li >
< li class = "header" > 领域应用< / li >
< li class = "chapter " data-level = "6.1" data-path = "../usecases/" >
< a href = "../usecases/" >
< b > 6.1.< / b >
领域应用概览
< / a >
< / li >
< li class = "chapter " data-level = "6.2" data-path = "../usecases/microservices.html" >
< a href = "../usecases/microservices.html" >
< b > 6.2.< / b >
微服务架构
< / a >
< ul class = "articles" >
< li class = "chapter " data-level = "6.2.1" data-path = "../usecases/service-discovery-in-microservices.html" >
< a href = "../usecases/service-discovery-in-microservices.html" >
< b > 6.2.1.< / b >
微服务中的服务发现
< / a >
< / li >
< li class = "chapter " data-level = "6.2.2" data-path = "../usecases/microservices-for-java-developers.html" >
< a href = "../usecases/microservices-for-java-developers.html" >
< b > 6.2.2.< / b >
使用Java构建微服务并发布到Kubernetes平台
< / a >
< ul class = "articles" >
< li class = "chapter " data-level = "6.2.2.1" data-path = "../usecases/spring-boot-quick-start-guide.html" >
< a href = "../usecases/spring-boot-quick-start-guide.html" >
< b > 6.2.2.1.< / b >
Spring Boot快速开始指南
< / a >
< / li >
< / ul >
< / li >
< / ul >
< / li >
< li class = "chapter " data-level = "6.3" data-path = "../usecases/service-mesh.html" >
< a href = "../usecases/service-mesh.html" >
< b > 6.3.< / b >
Service Mesh 服务网格
< / a >
< ul class = "articles" >
2018-08-20 19:31:01 +08:00
< li class = "chapter " data-level = "6.3.1" data-path = "../usecases/the-enterprise-path-to-service-mesh-architectures.html" >
2018-05-12 23:29:42 +08:00
2018-08-20 19:31:01 +08:00
< a href = "../usecases/the-enterprise-path-to-service-mesh-architectures.html" >
2018-05-12 23:29:42 +08:00
< b > 6.3.1.< / b >
2018-08-20 19:31:01 +08:00
企业级服务网格架构
< / a >
< ul class = "articles" >
< li class = "chapter " data-level = "6.3.1.1" data-path = "../usecases/service-mesh-fundamental.html" >
< a href = "../usecases/service-mesh-fundamental.html" >
< b > 6.3.1.1.< / b >
Service Mesh基础
< / a >
< / li >
< li class = "chapter " data-level = "6.3.1.2" data-path = "../usecases/comparing-service-mesh-technologies.html" >
< a href = "../usecases/comparing-service-mesh-technologies.html" >
< b > 6.3.1.2.< / b >
Service Mesh技术对比
< / a >
< / li >
< li class = "chapter " data-level = "6.3.1.3" data-path = "../usecases/service-mesh-adoption-and-evolution.html" >
< a href = "../usecases/service-mesh-adoption-and-evolution.html" >
< b > 6.3.1.3.< / b >
采纳和演进
< / a >
< / li >
< li class = "chapter " data-level = "6.3.1.4" data-path = "../usecases/service-mesh-customization-and-integration.html" >
< a href = "../usecases/service-mesh-customization-and-integration.html" >
< b > 6.3.1.4.< / b >
定制和集成
< / a >
< / li >
< li class = "chapter " data-level = "6.3.1.5" data-path = "../usecases/service-mesh-conclusion.html" >
< a href = "../usecases/service-mesh-conclusion.html" >
< b > 6.3.1.5.< / b >
总结
< / a >
< / li >
< / ul >
< / li >
< li class = "chapter " data-level = "6.3.2" data-path = "../usecases/istio.html" >
< a href = "../usecases/istio.html" >
< b > 6.3.2.< / b >
2018-05-12 23:29:42 +08:00
Istio
< / a >
< ul class = "articles" >
2018-08-20 19:31:01 +08:00
< li class = "chapter " data-level = "6.3.2.1" data-path = "../usecases/istio-installation.html" >
2018-05-12 23:29:42 +08:00
< a href = "../usecases/istio-installation.html" >
2018-08-20 19:31:01 +08:00
< b > 6.3.2.1.< / b >
2018-05-12 23:29:42 +08:00
安装并试用Istio service mesh
< / a >
< / li >
2018-08-20 19:31:01 +08:00
< li class = "chapter " data-level = "6.3.2.2" data-path = "../usecases/configuring-request-routing.html" >
2018-05-12 23:29:42 +08:00
< a href = "../usecases/configuring-request-routing.html" >
2018-08-20 19:31:01 +08:00
< b > 6.3.2.2.< / b >
2018-05-12 23:29:42 +08:00
配置请求的路由规则
< / a >
< / li >
2018-08-20 19:31:01 +08:00
< li class = "chapter " data-level = "6.3.2.3" data-path = "../usecases/install-and-expand-istio-mesh.html" >
2018-05-12 23:29:42 +08:00
< a href = "../usecases/install-and-expand-istio-mesh.html" >
2018-08-20 19:31:01 +08:00
< b > 6.3.2.3.< / b >
2018-05-12 23:29:42 +08:00
安装和拓展Istio service mesh
< / a >
< / li >
2018-08-20 19:31:01 +08:00
< li class = "chapter " data-level = "6.3.2.4" data-path = "../usecases/integrating-vms.html" >
2018-05-12 23:29:42 +08:00
< a href = "../usecases/integrating-vms.html" >
2018-08-20 19:31:01 +08:00
< b > 6.3.2.4.< / b >
2018-05-12 23:29:42 +08:00
集成虚拟机
< / a >
< / li >
2018-08-20 19:31:01 +08:00
< li class = "chapter " data-level = "6.3.2.5" data-path = "../usecases/sidecar-spec-in-istio.html" >
2018-05-12 23:29:42 +08:00
< a href = "../usecases/sidecar-spec-in-istio.html" >
2018-08-20 19:31:01 +08:00
< b > 6.3.2.5.< / b >
2018-05-12 23:29:42 +08:00
Istio中sidecar的注入规范及示例
< / a >
< / li >
2018-08-20 19:31:01 +08:00
< li class = "chapter " data-level = "6.3.2.6" data-path = "../usecases/istio-community-tips.html" >
2018-05-12 23:29:42 +08:00
< a href = "../usecases/istio-community-tips.html" >
2018-08-20 19:31:01 +08:00
< b > 6.3.2.6.< / b >
2018-05-12 23:29:42 +08:00
如何参与Istio社区及注意事项
< / a >
< / li >
2018-08-20 19:31:01 +08:00
< li class = "chapter " data-level = "6.3.2.7" data-path = "../usecases/istio-tutorial.html" >
2018-05-12 23:29:42 +08:00
< a href = "../usecases/istio-tutorial.html" >
2018-08-20 19:31:01 +08:00
< b > 6.3.2.7.< / b >
2018-05-12 23:29:42 +08:00
2018-08-06 20:34:10 +08:00
Istio教程
2018-05-12 23:29:42 +08:00
< / a >
2018-08-29 16:29:18 +08:00
< / li >
< li class = "chapter " data-level = "6.3.2.8" data-path = "../usecases/istio-tutorials-collection.html" >
< a href = "../usecases/istio-tutorials-collection.html" >
< b > 6.3.2.8.< / b >
Istio免费学习资源汇总
< / a >
2018-09-17 11:49:14 +08:00
< / li >
< li class = "chapter " data-level = "6.3.2.9" data-path = "../usecases/understand-sidecar-injection-and-traffic-hijack-in-istio-service-mesh.html" >
< a href = "../usecases/understand-sidecar-injection-and-traffic-hijack-in-istio-service-mesh.html" >
< b > 6.3.2.9.< / b >
深入理解Istio中的Sidecar注入与流量劫持
< / a >
2018-05-12 23:29:42 +08:00
< / li >
< / ul >
< / li >
2018-08-20 19:31:01 +08:00
< li class = "chapter " data-level = "6.3.3" data-path = "../usecases/linkerd.html" >
2018-05-12 23:29:42 +08:00
< a href = "../usecases/linkerd.html" >
2018-08-20 19:31:01 +08:00
< b > 6.3.3.< / b >
2018-05-12 23:29:42 +08:00
Linkerd
< / a >
< ul class = "articles" >
2018-08-20 19:31:01 +08:00
< li class = "chapter " data-level = "6.3.3.1" data-path = "../usecases/linkerd-user-guide.html" >
2018-05-12 23:29:42 +08:00
< a href = "../usecases/linkerd-user-guide.html" >
2018-08-20 19:31:01 +08:00
< b > 6.3.3.1.< / b >
2018-05-12 23:29:42 +08:00
Linkerd 使用指南
< / a >
< / li >
< / ul >
< / li >
2018-08-20 19:31:01 +08:00
< li class = "chapter " data-level = "6.3.4" data-path = "../usecases/conduit.html" >
2018-05-12 23:29:42 +08:00
< a href = "../usecases/conduit.html" >
2018-08-20 19:31:01 +08:00
< b > 6.3.4.< / b >
2018-05-12 23:29:42 +08:00
Conduit
< / a >
< ul class = "articles" >
2018-08-20 19:31:01 +08:00
< li class = "chapter " data-level = "6.3.4.1" data-path = "../usecases/conduit-overview.html" >
2018-05-12 23:29:42 +08:00
< a href = "../usecases/conduit-overview.html" >
2018-08-20 19:31:01 +08:00
< b > 6.3.4.1.< / b >
2018-05-12 23:29:42 +08:00
Condiut概览
< / a >
< / li >
2018-08-20 19:31:01 +08:00
< li class = "chapter " data-level = "6.3.4.2" data-path = "../usecases/conduit-installation.html" >
2018-05-12 23:29:42 +08:00
< a href = "../usecases/conduit-installation.html" >
2018-08-20 19:31:01 +08:00
< b > 6.3.4.2.< / b >
2018-05-12 23:29:42 +08:00
安装Conduit
< / a >
< / li >
< / ul >
< / li >
2018-08-20 19:31:01 +08:00
< li class = "chapter " data-level = "6.3.5" data-path = "../usecases/envoy.html" >
2018-05-12 23:29:42 +08:00
< a href = "../usecases/envoy.html" >
2018-08-20 19:31:01 +08:00
< b > 6.3.5.< / b >
2018-05-12 23:29:42 +08:00
Envoy
< / a >
< ul class = "articles" >
2018-08-20 19:31:01 +08:00
< li class = "chapter " data-level = "6.3.5.1" data-path = "../usecases/envoy-terminology.html" >
2018-05-12 23:29:42 +08:00
< a href = "../usecases/envoy-terminology.html" >
2018-08-20 19:31:01 +08:00
< b > 6.3.5.1.< / b >
2018-05-12 23:29:42 +08:00
Envoy的架构与基本术语
< / a >
< / li >
2018-08-20 19:31:01 +08:00
< li class = "chapter " data-level = "6.3.5.2" data-path = "../usecases/envoy-front-proxy.html" >
2018-05-12 23:29:42 +08:00
< a href = "../usecases/envoy-front-proxy.html" >
2018-08-20 19:31:01 +08:00
< b > 6.3.5.2.< / b >
2018-05-12 23:29:42 +08:00
Envoy作为前端代理
< / a >
< / li >
2018-08-20 19:31:01 +08:00
< li class = "chapter " data-level = "6.3.5.3" data-path = "../usecases/envoy-mesh-in-kubernetes-tutorial.html" >
2018-05-12 23:29:42 +08:00
< a href = "../usecases/envoy-mesh-in-kubernetes-tutorial.html" >
2018-08-20 19:31:01 +08:00
< b > 6.3.5.3.< / b >
2018-05-12 23:29:42 +08:00
Envoy mesh教程
< / a >
< / li >
< / ul >
2018-07-17 11:17:05 +08:00
< / li >
2018-08-20 19:31:01 +08:00
< li class = "chapter " data-level = "6.3.6" data-path = "../usecases/sofamesh.html" >
2018-07-17 11:17:05 +08:00
< a href = "../usecases/sofamesh.html" >
2018-08-20 19:31:01 +08:00
< b > 6.3.6.< / b >
2018-07-17 11:17:05 +08:00
SOFAMesh
< / a >
2018-09-19 21:42:26 +08:00
< ul class = "articles" >
< li class = "chapter " data-level = "6.3.6.1" data-path = "../usecases/dubbo-on-x-protocol-in-sofa-mesh.html" >
< a href = "../usecases/dubbo-on-x-protocol-in-sofa-mesh.html" >
< b > 6.3.6.1.< / b >
SOFAMesh中的Dubbo on x-protocol
< / a >
< / li >
< / ul >
< / li >
< li class = "chapter " data-level = "6.3.7" data-path = "../usecases/sofamosn.html" >
< a href = "../usecases/sofamosn.html" >
< b > 6.3.7.< / b >
SOFAMosn
< / a >
2018-05-12 23:29:42 +08:00
< / li >
< / ul >
< / li >
< li class = "chapter " data-level = "6.4" data-path = "../usecases/big-data.html" >
< a href = "../usecases/big-data.html" >
< b > 6.4.< / b >
大数据
< / a >
< ul class = "articles" >
< li class = "chapter " data-level = "6.4.1" data-path = "../usecases/spark-standalone-on-kubernetes.html" >
< a href = "../usecases/spark-standalone-on-kubernetes.html" >
< b > 6.4.1.< / b >
Spark standalone on Kubernetes
< / a >
< / li >
< li class = "chapter " data-level = "6.4.2" data-path = "../usecases/running-spark-with-kubernetes-native-scheduler.html" >
< a href = "../usecases/running-spark-with-kubernetes-native-scheduler.html" >
< b > 6.4.2.< / b >
运行支持Kubernetes原生调度的Spark程序
< / a >
< / li >
< / ul >
< / li >
< li class = "chapter " data-level = "6.5" data-path = "../usecases/serverless.html" >
< a href = "../usecases/serverless.html" >
< b > 6.5.< / b >
Serverless架构
< / a >
< ul class = "articles" >
< li class = "chapter " data-level = "6.5.1" data-path = "../usecases/understanding-serverless.html" >
< a href = "../usecases/understanding-serverless.html" >
< b > 6.5.1.< / b >
理解Serverless
< / a >
< / li >
< li class = "chapter " data-level = "6.5.2" data-path = "../usecases/faas.html" >
< a href = "../usecases/faas.html" >
< b > 6.5.2.< / b >
FaaS-函数即服务
< / a >
< ul class = "articles" >
< li class = "chapter " data-level = "6.5.2.1" data-path = "../usecases/openfaas-quick-start.html" >
< a href = "../usecases/openfaas-quick-start.html" >
< b > 6.5.2.1.< / b >
OpenFaaS快速入门指南
< / a >
< / li >
< / ul >
< / li >
< / ul >
< / li >
< li class = "chapter " data-level = "6.6" data-path = "../usecases/edge-computing.html" >
< a href = "../usecases/edge-computing.html" >
< b > 6.6.< / b >
边缘计算
< / a >
< / li >
< li class = "chapter " data-level = "6.7" data-path = "../usecases/ai.html" >
< a href = "../usecases/ai.html" >
< b > 6.7.< / b >
人工智能
< / a >
< / li >
< li class = "header" > 开发指南< / li >
< li class = "chapter " data-level = "7.1" data-path = "../develop/" >
< a href = "../develop/" >
< b > 7.1.< / b >
开发指南概览
< / a >
< / li >
< li class = "chapter " data-level = "7.2" data-path = "../develop/sigs-and-working-group.html" >
< a href = "../develop/sigs-and-working-group.html" >
< b > 7.2.< / b >
SIG和工作组
< / a >
< / li >
< li class = "chapter " data-level = "7.3" data-path = "../develop/developing-environment.html" >
< a href = "../develop/developing-environment.html" >
< b > 7.3.< / b >
开发环境搭建
< / a >
< / li >
< li class = "chapter " data-level = "7.4" data-path = "../develop/using-vagrant-and-virtualbox-for-development.html" >
< a href = "../develop/using-vagrant-and-virtualbox-for-development.html" >
< b > 7.4.< / b >
本地分布式开发环境搭建（ ）
< / a >
< / li >
< li class = "chapter " data-level = "7.5" data-path = "../develop/testing.html" >
< a href = "../develop/testing.html" >
< b > 7.5.< / b >
单元测试和集成测试
< / a >
< / li >
< li class = "chapter " data-level = "7.6" data-path = "../develop/client-go-sample.html" >
< a href = "../develop/client-go-sample.html" >
< b > 7.6.< / b >
client-go示例
< / a >
< / li >
< li class = "chapter " data-level = "7.7" data-path = "../develop/operator.html" >
< a href = "../develop/operator.html" >
< b > 7.7.< / b >
Operator
< / a >
< / li >
< li class = "chapter " data-level = "7.8" data-path = "../develop/operator-sdk.html" >
< a href = "../develop/operator-sdk.html" >
< b > 7.8.< / b >
operator-sdk
< / a >
< / li >
< li class = "chapter " data-level = "7.9" data-path = "../develop/advance-developer.html" >
< a href = "../develop/advance-developer.html" >
< b > 7.9.< / b >
高级开发指南
< / a >
< / li >
< li class = "chapter " data-level = "7.10" data-path = "../develop/contribute.html" >
< a href = "../develop/contribute.html" >
< b > 7.10.< / b >
社区贡献
< / a >
< / li >
< li class = "chapter " data-level = "7.11" data-path = "../develop/minikube.html" >
< a href = "../develop/minikube.html" >
< b > 7.11.< / b >
Minikube
< / a >
< / li >
< li class = "header" > 附录< / li >
< li class = "chapter " data-level = "8.1" data-path = "../appendix/" >
< a href = "../appendix/" >
< b > 8.1.< / b >
附录说明
< / a >
< / li >
< li class = "chapter " data-level = "8.2" data-path = "../appendix/debug-kubernetes-services.html" >
< a href = "../appendix/debug-kubernetes-services.html" >
< b > 8.2.< / b >
Kubernetes中的应用故障排查
< / a >
< / li >
< li class = "chapter " data-level = "8.3" data-path = "../appendix/material-share.html" >
< a href = "../appendix/material-share.html" >
< b > 8.3.< / b >
Kubernetes相关资讯和情报链接
< / a >
< / li >
< li class = "chapter " data-level = "8.4" data-path = "../appendix/docker-best-practice.html" >
< a href = "../appendix/docker-best-practice.html" >
< b > 8.4.< / b >
Docker最佳实践
< / a >
< / li >
< li class = "chapter " data-level = "8.5" data-path = "../appendix/tricks.html" >
< a href = "../appendix/tricks.html" >
< b > 8.5.< / b >
使用技巧
< / a >
< / li >
< li class = "chapter " data-level = "8.6" data-path = "../appendix/issues.html" >
< a href = "../appendix/issues.html" >
< b > 8.6.< / b >
问题记录
< / a >
< / li >
< li class = "chapter " data-level = "8.7" data-path = "../appendix/kubernetes-changelog.html" >
< a href = "../appendix/kubernetes-changelog.html" >
< b > 8.7.< / b >
Kubernetes版本更新日志
< / a >
< ul class = "articles" >
< li class = "chapter " data-level = "8.7.1" data-path = "../appendix/kubernetes-1.7-changelog.html" >
< a href = "../appendix/kubernetes-1.7-changelog.html" >
< b > 8.7.1.< / b >
Kubernetes1.7更新日志
< / a >
< / li >
< li class = "chapter " data-level = "8.7.2" data-path = "../appendix/kubernetes-1.8-changelog.html" >
< a href = "../appendix/kubernetes-1.8-changelog.html" >
< b > 8.7.2.< / b >
Kubernetes1.8更新日志
< / a >
< / li >
< li class = "chapter " data-level = "8.7.3" data-path = "../appendix/kubernetes-1.9-changelog.html" >
< a href = "../appendix/kubernetes-1.9-changelog.html" >
< b > 8.7.3.< / b >
Kubernetes1.9更新日志
< / a >
< / li >
< li class = "chapter " data-level = "8.7.4" data-path = "../appendix/kubernetes-1.10-changelog.html" >
< a href = "../appendix/kubernetes-1.10-changelog.html" >
< b > 8.7.4.< / b >
Kubernetes1.10更新日志
< / a >
2018-07-02 23:19:37 +08:00
< / li >
< li class = "chapter " data-level = "8.7.5" data-path = "../appendix/kubernetes-1.11-changelog.html" >
< a href = "../appendix/kubernetes-1.11-changelog.html" >
< b > 8.7.5.< / b >
Kubernetes1.11更新日志
< / a >
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< / li >
< / ul >
< / li >
< li class = "chapter " data-level = "8.8" data-path = "../appendix/summary-and-outlook.html" >
< a href = "../appendix/summary-and-outlook.html" >
< b > 8.8.< / b >
Kubernetes及云原生年度总结及展望
< / a >
< ul class = "articles" >
< li class = "chapter " data-level = "8.8.1" data-path = "../appendix/kubernetes-and-cloud-native-summary-in-2017-and-outlook-for-2018.html" >
< a href = "../appendix/kubernetes-and-cloud-native-summary-in-2017-and-outlook-for-2018.html" >
< b > 8.8.1.< / b >
Kubernetes与云原生2017年年终总结及2018年展望
< / a >
< / li >
< / ul >
< / li >
< li class = "chapter " data-level = "8.9" data-path = "../appendix/about-kcsp.html" >
< a href = "../appendix/about-kcsp.html" >
< b > 8.9.< / b >
Kubernetes认证服务提供商（ ）
< / a >
< / li >
< li class = "chapter " data-level = "8.10" data-path = "../appendix/about-cka-candidate.html" >
< a href = "../appendix/about-cka-candidate.html" >
< b > 8.10.< / b >
认证Kubernetes管理员（ ）
< / a >
< / li >
< li class = "divider" > < / li >
< li >
< a href = "https://www.gitbook.com" target = "blank" class = "gitbook-link" >
本书使用 GitBook 发布
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< div class = "book-body" >
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<!-- Title -->
< h1 >
< i class = "fa fa-circle-o-notch fa-spin" > < / i >
< a href = ".." > 云原生编程语言Ballerina< / a >
< / h1 >
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< div class = "page-wrapper" tabindex = "-1" role = "main" >
< div class = "page-inner" >
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< section class = "normal markdown-section" >
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< html > < head > < / head > < body > < h1 id = "云原生编程语言-ballerina" > 云 原 生 编 程 语 言 Ballerina< / h1 >
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< p > 当 我 第 一 眼 看 到 < a href = "https://ballerina.io" target = "_blank" > Ballerina< / a > 还 真 有 点 惊 艳 的 感 觉 。 Ballerina 这 个 单 词 的 意 思 是 “ 芭 蕾 舞 女 演 员 ” 。 我 想 他 们 之 所 以 给 公 司 和 这 们 语 言 起 这 个 名 字 ， 可 能 是 希 望 它 成 为 云 原 生 这 个 大 舞 台 中 ， Ballerina 能 像 一 个 灵 活 的 芭 蕾 舞 者 一 样 轻 松 自 如 吧 ！ < / p >
< p > Ballerina 是 一 款 开 源 的 编 译 式 的 强 类 型 语 言 ， 该 语 言 本 身 的 代 码 可 以 通 过 < a href = "https://github.com/ballerina-platform/ballerina-lang" target = "_blank" > GitHub< / a > 上 获 取 。 我 们 可 以 通 过 Ballerina 官 网 上 的 < a href = "https://ballerina.io/philosophy/" target = "_blank" > 设 计 哲 学 < / a > 页 面 来 对 这 门 云 原 生 编 程 语 言 一 探 究 竟 。 < / p >
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< figure id = "fig2.9.1.1" > < a href = "../images/philosophy-page-diagrams-top.png" data-lightbox = "b7463088-3bf1-49a9-806f-4ed41587285d" data-title = "云原生编程语言ballerina" > < img src = "../images/philosophy-page-diagrams-top.png" alt = "云原生编程语言ballerina" > < / a > < figcaption > 图 片 - 云 原 生 编 程 语 言 ballerina< / figcaption > < / figure >
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< p > 未 来 的 应 用 程 序 应 该 是 基 于 API 的 ， 而 众 多 API 之 间 的 通 讯 和 集 成 就 成 了 关 键 问 题 。 Ballerina 是 一 款 使 用 文 本 和 图 形 语 法 编 译 的 、 事 务 的 、 静 态 和 强 类 型 编 程 语 言 。 Ballerina 包 含 分 布 式 系 统 集 成 到 语 言 的 基 本 概 念 ， 并 提 供 类 型 安 全 ， 并 发 环 境 下 实 现 的 分 布 式 事 务 ， 可 靠 的 消 息 传 递 ， 流 处 理 和 工 作 流 。 < / p >
< h2 id = "为什么创建-ballerina？" > 为 什 么 创 建 Ballerina？ < / h2 >
< p > 与 ESB 集 成 仍 然 是 瀑 布 式 开 发 。 你 必 须 部 署 服 务 器 ， 配 置 连 接 器 ， 使 用 XML 编 程 服 务 逻 辑 以 及 使 用 XPath 查 询 和 转 换 数 据 。 这 不 是 开 发 者 友 好 的 。 < / p >
< p > 带 有 Spring 和 Node.js 等 框 架 的 编 程 语 言 提 供 了 灵 活 性 ， 但 是 它 没 有 使 适 合 于 序 列 并 行 化 、 并 发 模 型 编 程 的 分 布 式 系 统 结 构 变 得 简 单 。 < / p >
< p > ESB、 EAI、 BPM 和 DSL 需 要 XML 和 配 置 来 中 断 迭 代 开 发 流 程 ： 编 辑 、 构 建 、 运 行 和 测 试 。 这 与 运 行 实 际 应 用 之 间 是 有 一 条 鸿 沟 的 ， 而 云 原 生 编 程 语 言 Ballerina 的 出 现 就 是 为 了 解 决 这 条 “ 集 成 鸿 沟 ” 的 。 < / p >
< h2 id = "ballerina-设计理念" > Ballerina 设 计 理 念 < / h2 >
< h3 id = "序列图" > 序 列 图 < / h3 >
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< figure id = "fig2.9.1.2" > < a href = "../images/philosophy-principle-diagrams-01.png" data-lightbox = "7f8e5a3b-d9cb-45eb-b86c-3a9744f76058" data-title = "云原生编程语言Ballerina的序列图设计理念" > < img src = "../images/philosophy-principle-diagrams-01.png" alt = "云原生编程语言Ballerina的序列图设计理念" > < / a > < figcaption > 图 片 - 云 原 生 编 程 语 言 Ballerina的 序 列 图 设 计 理 念 < / figcaption > < / figure >
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< p > < strong > 语 言 灵 感 < / strong > < / p >
< p > 序 列 图 反 映 了 设 计 开 发 人 员 记 录 的 互 联 的 系 统 。 Ballerina 的 语 法 和 高 效 的 编 码 模 式 要 求 开 发 人 员 使 用 强 大 的 交 互 最 佳 实 践 来 编 码 。 < / p >
< p > < strong > 序 列 图 可 视 化 < / strong > < / p >
< p > Ballerina 的 语 言 语 义 模 型 旨 在 定 义 独 立 的 各 方 如 何 通 过 结 构 化 的 交 互 沟 通 。 接 着 ， 每 个 Ballerina 程 序 都 可 以 显 示 为 其 流 程 的 序 列 图 。 IntelliJ 和 VS Code 的 插 件 中 提 供 了 这 些 可 视 化 。 Ballerina Composer 是 一 款 通 过 序 列 图 创 建 Ballerina 服 务 的 工 具 。 < / p >
< p > < strong > Actor 与 action< / strong > < / p >
< p > 客 户 端 、 worker 和 远 程 系 统 在 Ballerina 的 序 列 图 中 以 不 同 的 actor 表 示 。 在 代 码 中 ， 远 程 端 点 通 过 连 接 器 进 行 连 接 ， 连 接 器 提 供 类 型 安 全 操 作 。 在 图 形 上 ， 每 个 连 接 器 在 序 列 图 中 表 示 为 一 个 actor（ 即 一 条 垂 直 线 ） ， action 表 示 为 与 这 些 actor 的 交 互 。 < / p >
< h3 id = "并发" > 并 发 < / h3 >
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< figure id = "fig2.9.1.3" > < a href = "../images/philosophy-principle-diagrams-02.png" data-lightbox = "e07bd747-9fec-4341-a4fe-a24ff356efa4" data-title = "云原生编程语言Ballerina的并发理念" > < img src = "../images/philosophy-principle-diagrams-02.png" alt = "云原生编程语言Ballerina的并发理念" > < / a > < figcaption > 图 片 - 云 原 生 编 程 语 言 Ballerina的 并 发 理 念 < / figcaption > < / figure >
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< p > < strong > 序 列 图 和 并 发 < / strong > < / p >
< p > Ballerina 的 并 发 模 型 是 并 行 优 先 的 ， 因 为 与 远 程 方 的 交 互 总 是 涉 及 多 个 worker。 Worker 之 间 的 交 互 作 为 消 息 传 递 进 行 处 理 ， 它 们 之 间 没 有 共 享 状 态 。 < / p >
< p > < strong > Worker 语 义 < / strong > < / p >
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< p > Ballerina 的 执 行 模 型 由 称 为 worker 的 轻 量 级 并 行 执 行 单 元 组 成 。 Worker 使 用 非 阻 塞 策 略 来 确 保 没 有 函 数 锁 定 正 在 执 行 的 线 程 ， 例 如 等 待 响 应 的 HTTP I/O调 用 。 < / p >
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< p > < strong > 编 程 模 型 < / strong > < / p >
< p > Worker 和 fork/join 语 义 抽 象 了 底 层 非 阻 塞 方 法 ， 以 启 用 更 简 单 的 并 发 编 程 模 型 。 < / p >
< h3 id = "类型系统" > 类 型 系 统 < / h3 >
< p > 下 面 是 Ballerina 中 支 持 的 类 型 。 < / p >
< pre class = "language-" > < code class = "lang-java" > any anything< span class = "token punctuation" > ;< / span >
< span class = "token keyword" > int< / span > integer < span class = "token operator" > =< / span > < span class = "token number" > 0< / span > < span class = "token punctuation" > ;< / span >
< span class = "token keyword" > float< / span > floatingPoint < span class = "token operator" > =< / span > < span class = "token number" > 0.0< / span > < span class = "token punctuation" > ;< / span >
< span class = "token keyword" > boolean< / span > b < span class = "token operator" > =< / span > < span class = "token boolean" > true< / span > < span class = "token punctuation" > ;< / span >
string hi < span class = "token operator" > =< / span > < span class = "token string" > " hello" < / span > < span class = "token punctuation" > ;< / span >
blob bl < span class = "token operator" > =< / span > hi< span class = "token punctuation" > .< / span > < span class = "token function" > toBlob< / span > < span class = "token punctuation" > (< / span > < span class = "token string" > " UTF-8" < / span > < span class = "token punctuation" > )< / span > < span class = "token punctuation" > ;< / span >
json jsonNative < span class = "token operator" > =< / span > < span class = "token punctuation" > {< / span > a< span class = "token operator" > :< / span > < span class = "token string" > " hello" < / span > < span class = "token punctuation" > ,< / span > b< span class = "token operator" > :< / span > < span class = "token number" > 5< / span > < span class = "token punctuation" > }< / span > < span class = "token punctuation" > ;< / span >
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xml x < span class = "token operator" > =< / span > xml `< span class = "token generics function" > < span class = "token punctuation" > < < / span > ballerina< span class = "token punctuation" > > < / span > < / span >
< span class = "token generics function" > < span class = "token punctuation" > < < / span > supports< span class = "token punctuation" > > < / span > < / span > XML natively< span class = "token operator" > < < / span > < span class = "token operator" > /< / span > supports< span class = "token operator" > > < / span >
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< span class = "token operator" > < < / span > < span class = "token operator" > /< / span > ballerina< span class = "token operator" > > < / span > `< span class = "token punctuation" > ;< / span >
string< span class = "token punctuation" > [< / span > < span class = "token punctuation" > ]< / span > stringArray < span class = "token operator" > =< / span > < span class = "token punctuation" > [< / span > < span class = "token string" > " hi" < / span > < span class = "token punctuation" > ,< / span > < span class = "token string" > " there" < / span > < span class = "token punctuation" > ]< / span > < span class = "token punctuation" > ;< / span >
< span class = "token keyword" > int< / span > < span class = "token punctuation" > [< / span > < span class = "token punctuation" > ]< / span > < span class = "token punctuation" > [< / span > < span class = "token punctuation" > ]< / span > arrayOfArrays < span class = "token operator" > =< / span > < span class = "token punctuation" > [< / span > < span class = "token punctuation" > [< / span > < span class = "token number" > 1< / span > < span class = "token punctuation" > ,< / span > < span class = "token number" > 2< / span > < span class = "token punctuation" > ]< / span > < span class = "token punctuation" > ,< / span > < span class = "token punctuation" > [< / span > < span class = "token number" > 3< / span > < span class = "token punctuation" > ,< / span > < span class = "token number" > 4< / span > < span class = "token punctuation" > ]< / span > < span class = "token punctuation" > ]< / span > < span class = "token punctuation" > ;< / span >
json < span class = "token operator" > |< / span > xml < span class = "token operator" > |< / span > string unionType< span class = "token punctuation" > ;< / span >
< span class = "token punctuation" > (< / span > string< span class = "token punctuation" > ,< / span > < span class = "token keyword" > int< / span > < span class = "token punctuation" > )< / span > tuple < span class = "token operator" > =< / span > < span class = "token punctuation" > (< / span > < span class = "token string" > " hello" < / span > < span class = "token punctuation" > ,< / span > < span class = "token number" > 5< / span > < span class = "token punctuation" > )< / span > < span class = "token punctuation" > ;< / span >
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< span class = "token punctuation" > (< / span > < span class = "token punctuation" > )< / span > n < span class = "token operator" > =< / span > < span class = "token punctuation" > (< / span > < span class = "token punctuation" > )< / span > < span class = "token punctuation" > ;< / span > < span class = "token comment" > // the empty tuple acts as " null" < / span >
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string < span class = "token operator" > |< / span > < span class = "token keyword" > int< / span > stringOrInt < span class = "token operator" > =< / span > < span class = "token string" > " this is a union type" < / span > < span class = "token punctuation" > ;< / span >
< span class = "token keyword" > int< / span > < span class = "token operator" > |< / span > < span class = "token punctuation" > (< / span > < span class = "token punctuation" > )< / span > intOrNull < span class = "token operator" > =< / span > < span class = "token number" > 5< / span > < span class = "token punctuation" > ;< / span >
var inferred < span class = "token operator" > =< / span > < span class = "token punctuation" > (< / span > < span class = "token string" > " hello" < / span > < span class = "token punctuation" > ,< / span > < span class = "token number" > 5< / span > < span class = "token punctuation" > )< / span > < span class = "token punctuation" > ;< / span >
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map< span class = "token generics function" > < span class = "token punctuation" > < < / span > < span class = "token keyword" > boolean< / span > < span class = "token punctuation" > > < / span > < / span > myMap < span class = "token operator" > =< / span > < span class = "token punctuation" > {< / span > < span class = "token string" > " ballerina" < / span > < span class = "token operator" > :< / span > < span class = "token boolean" > true< / span > < span class = "token punctuation" > }< / span > < span class = "token punctuation" > ;< / span >
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type myRecord < span class = "token punctuation" > {< / span > string a< span class = "token punctuation" > ;< / span > < span class = "token keyword" > int< / span > b< span class = "token punctuation" > ;< / span > < span class = "token punctuation" > }< / span > < span class = "token punctuation" > ;< / span >
type myObject object < span class = "token punctuation" > {< / span >
< span class = "token keyword" > public< / span > < span class = "token punctuation" > {< / span > string x< span class = "token punctuation" > ;< / span > < span class = "token punctuation" > }< / span > < span class = "token keyword" > private< / span > < span class = "token punctuation" > {< / span > string y< span class = "token punctuation" > ;< / span > < span class = "token punctuation" > }< / span >
< span class = "token keyword" > new< / span > < span class = "token punctuation" > (< / span > string xi< span class = "token punctuation" > ,< / span > string yi< span class = "token punctuation" > )< / span > < span class = "token punctuation" > {< / span > x < span class = "token operator" > =< / span > xi< span class = "token punctuation" > ;< / span > y < span class = "token operator" > =< / span > yi< span class = "token punctuation" > ;< / span > < span class = "token punctuation" > }< / span >
function < span class = "token function" > getX< / span > < span class = "token punctuation" > (< / span > < span class = "token punctuation" > )< / span > returns < span class = "token punctuation" > (< / span > string< span class = "token punctuation" > )< / span > < span class = "token punctuation" > {< / span > < span class = "token keyword" > return< / span > x< span class = "token punctuation" > ;< / span > < span class = "token punctuation" > }< / span >
< span class = "token punctuation" > }< / span > < span class = "token punctuation" > ;< / span >
< / code > < / pre >
< p > < strong > 类 型 安 全 < / strong > < / p >
< p > Ballerina 有 一 个 结 构 化 的 类 型 系 统 ， 包 括 primitive、 recored、 object、 tuple 和 union 类 型 。 该 类 型 安 全 模 型 在 赋 值 时 包 含 了 类 型 推 断 ， 并 为 连 接 器 、 逻 辑 和 网 络 绑 定 的 有 效 负 载 提 供 了 大 量 的 编 译 时 完 整 性 检 查 。 < / p >
< p > < strong > Union 类 型 和 显 式 Null< / strong > < / p >
< p > 各 个 网 络 端 点 通 常 会 根 据 其 输 入 和 逻 辑 返 回 具 有 不 同 有 效 负 载 类 型 消 息 或 error。 Ballerina 的 类 型 系 统 采 用 了 基 于 union 类 型 的 方 法 。 Union 类 型 明 确 地 采 用 了 这 种 语 义 ， 不 需 要 开 发 人 员 创 建 不 必 要 的 “ 包 装 ” 类 型 。 这 种 方 法 也 增 强 了 对 null 值 的 处 理 。 默 认 情 况 下 ， 类 型 不 支 持 null 值 。 开 发 人 员 必 须 明 确 创 建 union 类 型 来 处 理 null 值 。 结 果 是 null 的 异 常 不 会 发 生 ， 并 且 语 言 语 法 和 编 译 器 会 识 别 是 否 需 要 null 处 理 逻 辑 。 < / p >
< p > < strong > 异 构 数 据 处 理 < / strong > < / p >
< p > Ballerina 类 型 系 统 内 置 丰 富 的 对 JSON、 XML、 流 和 表 格 的 支 持 以 及 对 ProtoBuf 和 gRPC 的 直 接 支 持 。 这 样 做 的 结 果 是 可 以 获 得 处 理 网 络 负 载 、 SQL 编 程 和 流 处 理 的 干 净 可 读 的 代 码 。 数 据 转 换 逻 辑 不 受 复 杂 的 生 成 类 型 、 第 三 方 库 代 码 或 其 他 混 淆 因 素 的 影 响 — — 简 单 明 了 的 可 读 代 码 捕 捉 与 异 构 数 据 和 转 换 逻 辑 的 交 互 。 < / p >
< h2 id = "ballerina-如何工作？" > Ballerina 如 何 工 作 ？ < / h2 >
< p > Ballerina 的 语 法 、 代 码 和 编 译 器 创 建 了 运 行 时 服 务 和 部 署 构 件 ， 这 些 工 件 都 是 云 原 生 就 绪 的 ， 您 可 以 选 择 将 其 部 署 在 IaaS、 编 排 系 统 或 service mesh 中 的 。 开 发 人 员 的 体 验 旨 在 维 护 流 程 ， 包 括 快 速 的 编 辑 、 构 建 、 调 试 周 期 并 集 成 到 团 队 的 生 命 周 期 工 具 链 中 。 < / p >
< h3 id = "运行时架构" > 运 行 时 架 构 < / h3 >
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< figure id = "fig2.9.1.4" > < a href = "../images/philosophy-diagrams-for-site-02.png" data-lightbox = "7ab09dbf-8d6d-4d52-8237-a780f9c366cb" data-title = "云原生编程语言ballerina运行时架构" > < img src = "../images/philosophy-diagrams-for-site-02.png" alt = "云原生编程语言ballerina运行时架构" > < / a > < figcaption > 图 片 - 云 原 生 编 程 语 言 ballerina运 行 时 架 构 < / figcaption > < / figure >
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< p > < strong > Ballerina API 网 关 < / strong > < / p >
< p > 强 制 执 行 身 份 策 略 并 保 证 性 能 。 通 过 代 码 注 解 （ 类 似 于 Spring 中 的 注 解 ） 进 行 配 置 和 部 署 。 可 以 运 行 嵌 入 式 服 务 、 作 为 管 理 多 个 服 务 的 容 器 代 理 或 者 使 用 API 管 理 解 决 方 案 （ 如 WSO2 API Manager） 。 < / p >
< p > < strong > Ballerina service< / strong > < / p >
< p > 表 示 您 的 API 和 执 行 逻 辑 。 服 务 通 过 不 同 的 协 议 运 行 ， 内 部 代 码 结 构 被 编 译 为 支 持 OpenAPI 和 Swagger 的 API接 口 。 服 务 与 端 点 进 行 通 信 ， 无 论 它 们 是 调 用 客 户 端 还 是 其 他 服 务 。 < / p >
< p > < strong > Ballerina bridge< / strong > < / p >
< p > 允 许 传 统 代 码 和 服 务 参 与 分 布 式 事 务 中 的 Ballerina 服 务 。 Bridge 将 您 现 有 服 务 与 本 地 代 理 包 装 起 来 ， 通 过 调 用 Ballerina 服 务 参 与 和 代 理 分 布 式 事 务 。 < / p >
< p > < strong > 消 息 代 理 、 事 务 协 调 者 和 身 份 代 理 < / strong > < / p >
< p > 为 参 与 事 务 、 事 件 驱 动 的 通 信 和 为 认 证 流 程 的 Ballerina 服 务 提 供 代 理 基 础 设 施 功 能 。 这 些 组 件 可 以 嵌 入 到 单 个 服 务 部 署 中 或 者 进 行 单 独 部 署 和 扩 展 以 管 理 多 个 服 务 。 < / p >
< h3 id = "部署架构" > 部 署 架 构 < / h3 >
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< figure id = "fig2.9.1.5" > < a href = "../images/philosophy-diagrams-for-site-03.png" data-lightbox = "e10d1484-35dd-4263-a590-ee3bc22f4a0e" data-title = "云原生编程语言ballerina部署架构图" > < img src = "../images/philosophy-diagrams-for-site-03.png" alt = "云原生编程语言ballerina部署架构图" > < / a > < figcaption > 图 片 - 云 原 生 编 程 语 言 ballerina部 署 架 构 图 < / figcaption > < / figure >
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< p > < strong > IaaS< / strong > < / p >
< p > 使 用 代 码 注 解 和 构 建 系 统 ， 可 以 打 包 Ballerina 服 务 和 其 他 运 行 时 组 件 （ 如 API 网 关 ） 以 部 署 到 任 何 云 原 生 环 境 中 。 在 IaaS 环 境 中 ， Ballerina 服 务 可 以 以 虚 拟 机 或 容 器 的 方 式 运 行 ， 也 可 以 在 构 建 期 间 将 镜 像 推 送 到 registry 中 。 < / p >
< p > < strong > 编 排 器 < / strong > < / p >
< p > 代 码 注 解 会 触 发 编 译 器 扩 展 ， 从 而 为 不 同 的 编 排 器 （ 如 Kubernetes 或 Cloud Foundry） 生 成 Ballerina 组 件 的 工 件 包 。 供 应 商 或 DevOps 可 以 添 加 自 定 义 代 码 注 解 以 生 成 特 定 于 环 境 的 部 署 ， 例 如 自 定 义 蓝 色 部 署 算 法 。 < / p >
< p > < strong > Service mesh< / strong > < / p >
< p > Ballerina 可 以 选 择 断 路 器 和 事 务 流 程 逻 辑 委 托 给 像 Istio 或 Envoy 这 样 的 service mesh（ 如 果 有 的 话 ） 。 如 果 没 有 service mesh 的 话 ， Ballerina 服 务 将 嵌 入 相 应 的 功 能 。 < / p >
< h3 id = "生命周期" > 生 命 周 期 < / h3 >
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< figure id = "fig2.9.1.6" > < a href = "../images/philosophy-diagrams-for-site-04.png" data-lightbox = "4e03a26f-9277-49df-a007-428f7b94f63d" data-title = "云原生编程语言ballerina生命周期架构图" > < img src = "../images/philosophy-diagrams-for-site-04.png" alt = "云原生编程语言ballerina生命周期架构图" > < / a > < figcaption > 图 片 - 云 原 生 编 程 语 言 ballerina生 命 周 期 架 构 图 < / figcaption > < / figure >
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< p > < strong > Ballerina 工 具 < / strong > < / p >
< p > 使 用 我 们 的 语 言 服 务 器 可 以 在 VS Code 和 IntelliJ 中 获 取 自 动 补 全 和 调 试 等 智 能 感 知 。 Ballerina 的 关 键 字 和 语 法 结 构 可 以 用 序 列 图 的 方 式 来 表 示 。 使 用 Ballerina Composer 可 以 可 视 化 的 编 辑 Ballerina 代 码 。 另 外 它 也 可 以 做 可 视 化 得 运 行 时 和 开 发 环 境 追 踪 。 < / p >
< p > < strong > Ballerina 构 建 < / strong > < / p >
< p > 将 服 务 编 译 为 经 过 优 化 的 字 节 码 ， 以 便 使 用 内 存 调 优 后 的 BVM 运 行 。 提 供 了 使 用 Testerina 的 项 目 结 构 、 依 赖 管 理 、 包 管 理 和 单 元 测 试 。 构 建 锁 可 以 轻 松 地 重 新 创 建 服 务 和 部 署 。 生 成 可 执 行 文 件 （ .balx） 或 库 （ .balo） 。 < / p >
< p > < strong > CI/CD< / strong > < / p >
< p > 部 署 代 码 注 解 会 触 发 构 建 扩 展 ， 从 而 为 持 续 集 成 、 持 续 交 付 或 编 排 器 环 境 生 成 工 件 。 将 构 建 工 件 推 送 到 您 的 CI/CD 系 统 或 完 全 跳 过 。 < / p >
< p > < strong > Registry< / strong > < / p >
< p > 将 端 点 连 接 器 、 自 定 义 注 解 和 代 码 功 能 作 为 可 共 享 软 件 包 组 合 在 一 起 。 可 以 在 全 球 共 享 资 源 库 — — Ballerina Central 中 pull 或 push 版 本 化 的 软 件 包 。 < / p >
< h2 id = "ballerina-的语言特性" > Ballerina 的 语 言 特 性 < / h2 >
< p > Ballerina 设 计 为 云 优 先 ， 内 置 对 现 代 Web 协 议 和 数 据 格 式 的 支 持 ， 完 全 支 持 图 灵 完 备 编 程 语 言 ， 以 及 对 微 服 务 架 构 的 原 生 支 持 。 < / p >
< ul >
< li > API 构 造 < / li >
< li > 逻 辑 语 言 < / li >
< li > 异 步 < / li >
< li > Json 和 XML< / li >
< li > 注 解 < / li >
< li > 稳 定 和 强 大 的 类 型 < / li >
< li > stream< / li >
< / ul >
< h2 id = "ballerina-中集成了哪些内容？" > Ballerina 中 集 成 了 哪 些 内 容 ？ < / h2 >
< p > Ballerina 是 一 种 旨 在 < strong > 集 成 简 化 < / strong > 的 语 言 。 基 于 顺 序 图 的 交 互 ， Ballerina 内 置 了 对 通 用 集 成 模 式 和 连 接 器 的 支 持 ， 包 括 分 布 式 事 务 、 补 偿 和 断 路 器 。 凭 借 对 JSON 和 XML 的 一 流 支 持 ， Ballerina 能 够 简 单 有 效 地 构 建 跨 网 络 终 端 的 强 大 集 成 。 < / p >
< ul >
< li > 类 型 安 全 端 点 集 成 < / li >
< li > 类 型 安 全 连 接 器 < / li >
< li > 可 靠 的 消 息 传 递 < / li >
< li > 分 布 式 事 务 < / li >
< li > 断 路 器 < / li >
< li > 注 入 攻 击 防 护 < / li >
< li > Docker 和 Kubernetes< / li >
< / ul >
< p > 关 于 Ballerina 中 各 个 功 能 的 示 例 代 码 请 查 阅 < a href = "https://github.com/ballerina-platform/ballerina-examples" target = "_blank" > ballerina-example< / a > 。 < / p >
< h2 id = "参考" > 参 考 < / h2 >
< ul >
< li > < a href = "https://ballerina.io" target = "_blank" > https://ballerina.io< / a > < / li >
< li > < a href = "https://dzone.com/articles/microservices-docker-kubernetes-serverless-service" target = "_blank" > Microservices, Docker, Kubernetes, Serverless, Service Mesh, and Beyond< / a > < / li >
< / ul >
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