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1. 前言
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2. 概念原理
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2.1 设计理念
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2.2 Objects
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2.2.1 Pod
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2.2.1.1 Pod解析
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2.2.1.2 Init容器
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2.2.1.3 Pod安全策略
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2.2.1.4 Pod的生命周期
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2.2.2 Node
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2.2.3 Namespace
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2.2.4 Service
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2.2.5 Volume和Persistent Volume
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2.2.6 Deployment
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2.2.7 Secret
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2.2.8 StatefulSet
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2.2.9 DaemonSet
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2.2.10 ServiceAccount
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2.2.11 ReplicationController和ReplicaSet
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2.2.12 Job
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2.2.13 CronJob
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2.2.14 Ingress
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2.2.15 ConfigMap
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2.2.16 Horizontal Pod Autoscaling
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2.2.17 Label
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2.2.18 垃圾收集
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2.2.19 NetworkPolicy
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3. 用户指南
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3.1 资源配置
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3.1.1 配置Pod的liveness和readiness探针
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3.1.2 配置Pod的Service Account
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3.2 命令使用
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3.2.1 使用kubectl
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3.2.2 docker用户过度到kubectl命令行指南
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3.3 集群安全性管理
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3.3.1 管理集群中的TLS
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3.3.2 kubelet的认证授权
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3.3.3 TLS bootstrap
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3.3.4 kubectl的用户认证授权
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3.3.5 RBAC——基于角色的访问控制
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3.3.6 IP伪装代理
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3.4 访问 Kubernetes 集群
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3.4.1 访问集群
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3.4.2 使用 kubeconfig 文件配置跨集群认证
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3.4.3 通过端口转发访问集群中的应用程序
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3.4.4 使用 service 访问群集中的应用程序
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3.5 在kubernetes中开发部署应用
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3.5.1 适用于kubernetes的应用开发部署流程
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3.5.2 迁移传统应用到kubernetes中——以Hadoop YARN为例
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4. 最佳实践
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4.1 在CentOS上部署kubernetes1.6集群
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4.1.1 创建TLS证书和秘钥
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4.1.2 创建kubeconfig文件
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4.1.3 创建高可用etcd集群
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4.1.4 安装kubectl命令行工具
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4.1.5 部署master节点
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4.1.6 部署node节点
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4.1.7 安装kubedns插件
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4.1.8 安装dashboard插件
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<li class="chapter " data-level="1.4.1.9" data-path="heapster-addon-installation.html">
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4.1.9 安装heapster插件
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4.1.10 安装EFK插件
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4.2 服务发现与负载均衡
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4.2.1 安装Traefik ingress
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4.2.2 分布式负载测试
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4.2.3 网络和集群性能测试
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4.2.4 边缘节点配置
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4.3 运维管理
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4.3.1 服务滚动升级
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4.3.2 应用日志收集
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4.3.3 配置最佳实践
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4.3.4 集群及应用监控
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4.3.5 使用Jenkins进行持续构建与发布
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4.3.6 数据持久化问题
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4.3.7 管理容器的计算资源
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4.4 存储管理
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4.4.1 GlusterFS
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4.4.1.1 使用GlusterFS做持久化存储
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4.4.1.2 在OpenShift中使用GlusterFS做持久化存储
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4.4.2 CephFS
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4.4.2.1 使用Ceph做持久化存储
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5. 领域应用
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5.1 微服务架构
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<li class="chapter " data-level="1.5.1.1" data-path="../usecases/istio.html">
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5.1.1 Istio
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5.1.1.1 安装istio
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5.1.1.2 配置请求的路由规则
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5.1.2 Linkerd
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<li class="chapter " data-level="1.5.1.2.1" data-path="../usecases/linkerd-user-guide.html">
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5.1.2.1 Linkerd 使用指南
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5.1.3 微服务中的服务发现
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5.2 大数据
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<a href="../usecases/spark-standalone-on-kubernetes.html">
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5.2.1 Spark standalone on Kubernetes
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2017-08-31 14:23:44 +08:00
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2017-09-14 15:57:50 +08:00
<li class="chapter " data-level="1.5.2.2" data-path="../usecases/running-spark-with-kubernetes-native-scheduler.html">
2017-08-31 14:23:44 +08:00
2017-09-14 15:57:50 +08:00
<a href="../usecases/running-spark-with-kubernetes-native-scheduler.html">
2017-08-31 14:23:44 +08:00
5.2.2 运行支持kubernetes原生调度的Spark程序
</a>
2017-08-21 17:44:43 +08:00
</li>
</ul>
2017-08-30 16:52:33 +08:00
</li>
<li class="chapter " data-level="1.5.3" data-path="../usecases/serverless.html">
<a href="../usecases/serverless.html">
5.3 Serverless架构
</a>
2017-08-21 17:44:43 +08:00
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<li class="chapter " data-level="1.6" data-path="../develop/">
<a href="../develop/">
6. 开发指南
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<li class="chapter " data-level="1.6.1" data-path="../develop/developing-environment.html">
<a href="../develop/developing-environment.html">
6.1 开发环境搭建
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6.2 单元测试和集成测试
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<li class="chapter " data-level="1.6.3" data-path="../develop/client-go-sample.html">
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6.3 client-go示例
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6.4 社区贡献
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7. 附录
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7.1 Docker最佳实践
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7.2 问题记录
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<a href=".." >4.1.8 安装dashboard插件</a>
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<section class="normal markdown-section">
<h1 id="&#x5B89;&#x88C5;dashboard&#x63D2;&#x4EF6;">&#x5B89;&#x88C5;dashboard&#x63D2;&#x4EF6;</h1>
<p>&#x5B98;&#x65B9;&#x6587;&#x4EF6;&#x76EE;&#x5F55;&#xFF1A;<code>kubernetes/cluster/addons/dashboard</code></p>
<p>&#x6211;&#x4EEC;&#x4F7F;&#x7528;&#x7684;&#x6587;&#x4EF6;</p>
<pre><code class="lang-bash">$ ls *.yaml
dashboard-controller.yaml dashboard-service.yaml dashboard-rbac.yaml
</code></pre>
<p>&#x5DF2;&#x7ECF;&#x4FEE;&#x6539;&#x597D;&#x7684; yaml &#x6587;&#x4EF6;&#x89C1;&#xFF1A;<a href="../manifests/dashboard">dashboard</a></p>
<p>&#x7531;&#x4E8E; <code>kube-apiserver</code> &#x542F;&#x7528;&#x4E86; <code>RBAC</code> &#x6388;&#x6743;&#xFF0C;&#x800C;&#x5B98;&#x65B9;&#x6E90;&#x7801;&#x76EE;&#x5F55;&#x7684; <code>dashboard-controller.yaml</code> &#x6CA1;&#x6709;&#x5B9A;&#x4E49;&#x6388;&#x6743;&#x7684; ServiceAccount&#xFF0C;&#x6240;&#x4EE5;&#x540E;&#x7EED;&#x8BBF;&#x95EE; <code>kube-apiserver</code> &#x7684; API &#x65F6;&#x4F1A;&#x88AB;&#x62D2;&#x7EDD;&#xFF0C;web&#x4E2D;&#x63D0;&#x793A;&#xFF1A;</p>
<pre><code>Forbidden (403)
User &quot;system:serviceaccount:kube-system:default&quot; cannot list jobs.batch in the namespace &quot;default&quot;. (get jobs.batch)
</code></pre><p>&#x589E;&#x52A0;&#x4E86;&#x4E00;&#x4E2A;<code>dashboard-rbac.yaml</code>&#x6587;&#x4EF6;&#xFF0C;&#x5B9A;&#x4E49;&#x4E00;&#x4E2A;&#x540D;&#x4E3A; dashboard &#x7684; ServiceAccount&#xFF0C;&#x7136;&#x540E;&#x5C06;&#x5B83;&#x548C; Cluster Role view &#x7ED1;&#x5B9A;&#x3002;</p>
<h2 id="&#x914D;&#x7F6E;dashboard-service">&#x914D;&#x7F6E;dashboard-service</h2>
<pre><code class="lang-bash">$ diff dashboard-service.yaml.orig dashboard-service.yaml
10a11
&gt; <span class="hljs-built_in">type</span>: NodePort
</code></pre>
<ul>
<li>&#x6307;&#x5B9A;&#x7AEF;&#x53E3;&#x7C7B;&#x578B;&#x4E3A; NodePort&#xFF0C;&#x8FD9;&#x6837;&#x5916;&#x754C;&#x53EF;&#x4EE5;&#x901A;&#x8FC7;&#x5730;&#x5740; nodeIP:nodePort &#x8BBF;&#x95EE; dashboard&#xFF1B;</li>
</ul>
<h2 id="&#x914D;&#x7F6E;dashboard-controller">&#x914D;&#x7F6E;dashboard-controller</h2>
<pre><code class="lang-bash">$ diff dashboard-controller.yaml.orig dashboard-controller.yaml
23c23
&lt; image: gcr.io/google_containers/kubernetes-dashboard-amd64:v1.6.0
---
&gt; image: sz-pg-oam-docker-hub-001.tendcloud.com/library/kubernetes-dashboard-amd64:v1.6.0
</code></pre>
<h2 id="&#x6267;&#x884C;&#x6240;&#x6709;&#x5B9A;&#x4E49;&#x6587;&#x4EF6;">&#x6267;&#x884C;&#x6240;&#x6709;&#x5B9A;&#x4E49;&#x6587;&#x4EF6;</h2>
<pre><code class="lang-bash">$ <span class="hljs-built_in">pwd</span>
/root/kubernetes/cluster/addons/dashboard
$ ls *.yaml
dashboard-controller.yaml dashboard-service.yaml
$ kubectl create <span class="hljs-_">-f</span> .
service <span class="hljs-string">&quot;kubernetes-dashboard&quot;</span> created
deployment <span class="hljs-string">&quot;kubernetes-dashboard&quot;</span> created
</code></pre>
<h2 id="&#x68C0;&#x67E5;&#x6267;&#x884C;&#x7ED3;&#x679C;">&#x68C0;&#x67E5;&#x6267;&#x884C;&#x7ED3;&#x679C;</h2>
<p>&#x67E5;&#x770B;&#x5206;&#x914D;&#x7684; NodePort</p>
<pre><code class="lang-bash">$ kubectl get services kubernetes-dashboard -n kube-system
NAME CLUSTER-IP EXTERNAL-IP PORT(S) AGE
kubernetes-dashboard 10.254.224.130 &lt;nodes&gt; 80:30312/TCP 25s
</code></pre>
<ul>
<li>NodePort 30312&#x6620;&#x5C04;&#x5230; dashboard pod 80&#x7AEF;&#x53E3;&#xFF1B;</li>
</ul>
<p>&#x68C0;&#x67E5; controller</p>
<pre><code class="lang-bash">$ kubectl get deployment kubernetes-dashboard -n kube-system
NAME DESIRED CURRENT UP-TO-DATE AVAILABLE AGE
kubernetes-dashboard 1 1 1 1 3m
$ kubectl get pods -n kube-system | grep dashboard
kubernetes-dashboard-1339745653-pmn6z 1/1 Running 0 4m
</code></pre>
<h2 id="&#x8BBF;&#x95EE;dashboard">&#x8BBF;&#x95EE;dashboard</h2>
<p>&#x6709;&#x4EE5;&#x4E0B;&#x4E09;&#x79CD;&#x65B9;&#x5F0F;&#xFF1A;</p>
<ul>
<li>kubernetes-dashboard &#x670D;&#x52A1;&#x66B4;&#x9732;&#x4E86; NodePort&#xFF0C;&#x53EF;&#x4EE5;&#x4F7F;&#x7528; <code>http://NodeIP:nodePort</code> &#x5730;&#x5740;&#x8BBF;&#x95EE; dashboard&#xFF1B;</li>
<li>&#x901A;&#x8FC7; kube-apiserver &#x8BBF;&#x95EE; dashboard&#xFF08;https 6443&#x7AEF;&#x53E3;&#x548C;http 8080&#x7AEF;&#x53E3;&#x65B9;&#x5F0F;&#xFF09;&#xFF1B;</li>
<li>&#x901A;&#x8FC7; kubectl proxy &#x8BBF;&#x95EE; dashboard&#xFF1A;</li>
</ul>
<h3 id="&#x901A;&#x8FC7;-kubectl-proxy-&#x8BBF;&#x95EE;-dashboard">&#x901A;&#x8FC7; kubectl proxy &#x8BBF;&#x95EE; dashboard</h3>
<p>&#x542F;&#x52A8;&#x4EE3;&#x7406;</p>
<pre><code class="lang-bash">$ kubectl proxy --address=<span class="hljs-string">&apos;172.20.0.113&apos;</span> --port=8086 --accept-hosts=<span class="hljs-string">&apos;^*$&apos;</span>
Starting to serve on 172.20.0.113:8086
</code></pre>
<ul>
<li>&#x9700;&#x8981;&#x6307;&#x5B9A; <code>--accept-hosts</code> &#x9009;&#x9879;&#xFF0C;&#x5426;&#x5219;&#x6D4F;&#x89C8;&#x5668;&#x8BBF;&#x95EE; dashboard &#x9875;&#x9762;&#x65F6;&#x63D0;&#x793A; &#x201C;Unauthorized&#x201D;&#xFF1B;</li>
</ul>
<p>&#x6D4F;&#x89C8;&#x5668;&#x8BBF;&#x95EE; URL&#xFF1A;<code>http://172.20.0.113:8086/ui</code>
&#x81EA;&#x52A8;&#x8DF3;&#x8F6C;&#x5230;&#xFF1A;<code>http://172.20.0.113:8086/api/v1/proxy/namespaces/kube-system/services/kubernetes-dashboard/#/workload?namespace=default</code></p>
<h3 id="&#x901A;&#x8FC7;-kube-apiserver-&#x8BBF;&#x95EE;dashboard">&#x901A;&#x8FC7; kube-apiserver &#x8BBF;&#x95EE;dashboard</h3>
<p>&#x83B7;&#x53D6;&#x96C6;&#x7FA4;&#x670D;&#x52A1;&#x5730;&#x5740;&#x5217;&#x8868;</p>
<pre><code class="lang-bash">$ kubectl cluster-info
Kubernetes master is running at https://172.20.0.113:6443
KubeDNS is running at https://172.20.0.113:6443/api/v1/proxy/namespaces/kube-system/services/kube-dns
kubernetes-dashboard is running at https://172.20.0.113:6443/api/v1/proxy/namespaces/kube-system/services/kubernetes-dashboard
</code></pre>
<p>&#x6D4F;&#x89C8;&#x5668;&#x8BBF;&#x95EE; URL&#xFF1A;<code>https://172.20.0.113:6443/api/v1/proxy/namespaces/kube-system/services/kubernetes-dashboard</code>&#xFF08;&#x6D4F;&#x89C8;&#x5668;&#x4F1A;&#x63D0;&#x793A;&#x8BC1;&#x4E66;&#x9A8C;&#x8BC1;&#xFF0C;&#x56E0;&#x4E3A;&#x901A;&#x8FC7;&#x52A0;&#x5BC6;&#x901A;&#x9053;&#xFF0C;&#x4EE5;&#x6539;&#x65B9;&#x5F0F;&#x8BBF;&#x95EE;&#x7684;&#x8BDD;&#xFF0C;&#x9700;&#x8981;&#x63D0;&#x524D;&#x5BFC;&#x5165;&#x8BC1;&#x4E66;&#x5230;&#x4F60;&#x7684;&#x8BA1;&#x7B97;&#x673A;&#x4E2D;&#xFF09;&#x3002;&#x8FD9;&#x662F;&#x6211;&#x5F53;&#x65F6;&#x5728;&#x8FD9;&#x9047;&#x5230;&#x7684;&#x5751;&#xFF1A;<a href="https://github.com/opsnull/follow-me-install-kubernetes-cluster/issues/5" target="_blank">&#x901A;&#x8FC7; kube-apiserver &#x8BBF;&#x95EE;dashboard&#xFF0C;&#x63D0;&#x793A;User &quot;system:anonymous&quot; cannot proxy services in the namespace &quot;kube-system&quot;. #5</a>&#xFF0C;&#x5DF2;&#x7ECF;&#x89E3;&#x51B3;&#x3002;</p>
<p><strong>&#x5BFC;&#x5165;&#x8BC1;&#x4E66;</strong></p>
<p>&#x5C06;&#x751F;&#x6210;&#x7684;admin.pem&#x8BC1;&#x4E66;&#x8F6C;&#x6362;&#x683C;&#x5F0F;</p>
<pre><code>openssl pkcs12 -export -in admin.pem -out admin.p12 -inkey admin-key.pem
</code></pre><p>&#x5C06;&#x751F;&#x6210;&#x7684;<code>admin.p12</code>&#x8BC1;&#x4E66;&#x5BFC;&#x5165;&#x7684;&#x4F60;&#x7684;&#x7535;&#x8111;&#xFF0C;&#x5BFC;&#x51FA;&#x7684;&#x65F6;&#x5019;&#x8BB0;&#x4F4F;&#x4F60;&#x8BBE;&#x7F6E;&#x7684;&#x5BC6;&#x7801;&#xFF0C;&#x5BFC;&#x5165;&#x7684;&#x65F6;&#x5019;&#x8FD8;&#x8981;&#x7528;&#x5230;&#x3002;</p>
<p>&#x5982;&#x679C;&#x4F60;&#x4E0D;&#x60F3;&#x4F7F;&#x7528;<strong>https</strong>&#x7684;&#x8BDD;&#xFF0C;&#x53EF;&#x4EE5;&#x76F4;&#x63A5;&#x8BBF;&#x95EE;insecure port 8080&#x7AEF;&#x53E3;:<code>http://172.20.0.113:8080/api/v1/proxy/namespaces/kube-system/services/kubernetes-dashboard</code></p>
<figure id="fig1.4.1.8.1"><img src="http://olz1di9xf.bkt.clouddn.com/kubernetes-dashboard-raw.jpg" alt="kubernetes-dashboard"><figcaption>Figure: kubernetes-dashboard</figcaption></figure>
2017-09-19 21:38:03 +08:00
<p>&#x7531;&#x4E8E;&#x7F3A;&#x5C11; Heapster &#x63D2;&#x4EF6;&#xFF0C;&#x5F53;&#x524D; dashboard &#x4E0D;&#x80FD;&#x5C55;&#x793A; Pod&#x3001;Nodes &#x7684; CPU&#x3001;&#x5185;&#x5B58;&#x7B49; metric &#x56FE;&#x5F62;&#x3002;</p>
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