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<title>Horizontal Pod Autoscaling · Kubernetes Handbook - jimmysong.io</title>
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<a href="https://jimmysong.io" target="_blank" class="custom-link">Jimmy Song</a>
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<li class="divider"></li>
<li class="header">前言</li>
<li class="chapter " data-level="1.1" data-path="../">
<a href="../">
<b>1.1.</b>
序言
</a>
</li>
<li class="chapter " data-level="1.2" data-path="../cloud-native/kubernetes-and-cloud-native-app-overview.html">
<a href="../cloud-native/kubernetes-and-cloud-native-app-overview.html">
<b>1.2.</b>
Kubernetes与云原生应用概览
</a>
</li>
<li class="header">概念与原理</li>
<li class="chapter " data-level="2.1" data-path="./">
<a href="./">
<b>2.1.</b>
Kubernetes架构
</a>
</li>
<li class="chapter " data-level="2.2" data-path="concepts.html">
<a href="concepts.html">
<b>2.2.</b>
设计理念
</a>
</li>
<li class="chapter " data-level="2.3" data-path="objects.html">
<a href="objects.html">
<b>2.3.</b>
资源对象与基本概念解析
</a>
<ul class="articles">
<li class="chapter " data-level="2.3.1" data-path="pod-overview.html">
<a href="pod-overview.html">
<b>2.3.1.</b>
Pod
</a>
<ul class="articles">
<li class="chapter " data-level="2.3.1.1" data-path="pod.html">
<a href="pod.html">
<b>2.3.1.1.</b>
Pod解析
</a>
</li>
<li class="chapter " data-level="2.3.1.2" data-path="init-containers.html">
<a href="init-containers.html">
<b>2.3.1.2.</b>
Init容器
</a>
</li>
<li class="chapter " data-level="2.3.1.3" data-path="pod-security-policy.html">
<a href="pod-security-policy.html">
<b>2.3.1.3.</b>
Pod安全策略
</a>
</li>
<li class="chapter " data-level="2.3.1.4" data-path="pod-lifecycle.html">
<a href="pod-lifecycle.html">
<b>2.3.1.4.</b>
Pod的生命周期
</a>
</li>
</ul>
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<li class="chapter " data-level="2.3.2" data-path="node.html">
<a href="node.html">
<b>2.3.2.</b>
Node
</a>
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<li class="chapter " data-level="2.3.3" data-path="namespace.html">
<a href="namespace.html">
<b>2.3.3.</b>
Namespace
</a>
</li>
<li class="chapter " data-level="2.3.4" data-path="service.html">
<a href="service.html">
<b>2.3.4.</b>
Service
</a>
</li>
<li class="chapter " data-level="2.3.5" data-path="volume.html">
<a href="volume.html">
<b>2.3.5.</b>
Volume和Persistent Volume
</a>
</li>
<li class="chapter " data-level="2.3.6" data-path="deployment.html">
<a href="deployment.html">
<b>2.3.6.</b>
Deployment
</a>
</li>
<li class="chapter " data-level="2.3.7" data-path="secret.html">
<a href="secret.html">
<b>2.3.7.</b>
Secret
</a>
</li>
<li class="chapter " data-level="2.3.8" data-path="statefulset.html">
<a href="statefulset.html">
<b>2.3.8.</b>
StatefulSet
</a>
</li>
<li class="chapter " data-level="2.3.9" data-path="daemonset.html">
<a href="daemonset.html">
<b>2.3.9.</b>
DaemonSet
</a>
</li>
<li class="chapter " data-level="2.3.10" data-path="serviceaccount.html">
<a href="serviceaccount.html">
<b>2.3.10.</b>
ServiceAccount
</a>
</li>
<li class="chapter " data-level="2.3.11" data-path="replicaset.html">
<a href="replicaset.html">
<b>2.3.11.</b>
ReplicationController和ReplicaSet
</a>
</li>
<li class="chapter " data-level="2.3.12" data-path="job.html">
<a href="job.html">
<b>2.3.12.</b>
Job
</a>
</li>
<li class="chapter " data-level="2.3.13" data-path="cronjob.html">
<a href="cronjob.html">
<b>2.3.13.</b>
CronJob
</a>
</li>
<li class="chapter " data-level="2.3.14" data-path="ingress.html">
<a href="ingress.html">
<b>2.3.14.</b>
Ingress
</a>
</li>
<li class="chapter " data-level="2.3.15" data-path="configmap.html">
<a href="configmap.html">
<b>2.3.15.</b>
ConfigMap
</a>
<ul class="articles">
<li class="chapter " data-level="2.3.15.1" data-path="configmap-hot-update.html">
<a href="configmap-hot-update.html">
<b>2.3.15.1.</b>
ConfigMap的热更新
</a>
</li>
</ul>
</li>
<li class="chapter active" data-level="2.3.16" data-path="horizontal-pod-autoscaling.html">
<a href="horizontal-pod-autoscaling.html">
<b>2.3.16.</b>
Horizontal Pod Autoscaling
</a>
</li>
<li class="chapter " data-level="2.3.17" data-path="label.html">
<a href="label.html">
<b>2.3.17.</b>
Label
</a>
</li>
<li class="chapter " data-level="2.3.18" data-path="garbage-collection.html">
<a href="garbage-collection.html">
<b>2.3.18.</b>
垃圾收集
</a>
</li>
<li class="chapter " data-level="2.3.19" data-path="network-policy.html">
<a href="network-policy.html">
<b>2.3.19.</b>
NetworkPolicy
</a>
</li>
<li class="chapter " data-level="2.3.20" data-path="annotation.html">
<a href="annotation.html">
<b>2.3.20.</b>
Annotation
</a>
</li>
</ul>
</li>
<li class="header">用户指南</li>
<li class="chapter " data-level="3.1" data-path="../guide/">
<a href="../guide/">
<b>3.1.</b>
用户指南
</a>
</li>
<li class="chapter " data-level="3.2" data-path="../guide/resource-configuration.html">
<a href="../guide/resource-configuration.html">
<b>3.2.</b>
资源对象配置
</a>
<ul class="articles">
<li class="chapter " data-level="3.2.1" data-path="../guide/configure-liveness-readiness-probes.html">
<a href="../guide/configure-liveness-readiness-probes.html">
<b>3.2.1.</b>
配置Pod的liveness和readiness探针
</a>
</li>
<li class="chapter " data-level="3.2.2" data-path="../guide/configure-pod-service-account.html">
<a href="../guide/configure-pod-service-account.html">
<b>3.2.2.</b>
配置Pod的Service Account
</a>
</li>
<li class="chapter " data-level="3.2.3" data-path="../guide/secret-configuration.html">
<a href="../guide/secret-configuration.html">
<b>3.2.3.</b>
Secret配置
</a>
</li>
<li class="chapter " data-level="3.2.4" data-path="../guide/resource-quota-management.html">
<a href="../guide/resource-quota-management.html">
<b>3.2.4.</b>
管理namespace中的资源配额
</a>
</li>
</ul>
</li>
<li class="chapter " data-level="3.3" data-path="../guide/command-usage.html">
<a href="../guide/command-usage.html">
<b>3.3.</b>
命令使用
</a>
<ul class="articles">
<li class="chapter " data-level="3.3.1" data-path="../guide/docker-cli-to-kubectl.html">
<a href="../guide/docker-cli-to-kubectl.html">
<b>3.3.1.</b>
docker用户过度到kubectl命令行指南
</a>
</li>
<li class="chapter " data-level="3.3.2" data-path="../guide/using-kubectl.html">
<a href="../guide/using-kubectl.html">
<b>3.3.2.</b>
kubectl命令概览
</a>
</li>
<li class="chapter " data-level="3.3.3" data-path="../guide/kubectl-cheatsheet.html">
<a href="../guide/kubectl-cheatsheet.html">
<b>3.3.3.</b>
kubectl命令技巧大全
</a>
</li>
</ul>
</li>
<li class="chapter " data-level="3.4" data-path="../guide/cluster-security-management.html">
<a href="../guide/cluster-security-management.html">
<b>3.4.</b>
集群安全性管理
</a>
<ul class="articles">
<li class="chapter " data-level="3.4.1" data-path="../guide/managing-tls-in-a-cluster.html">
<a href="../guide/managing-tls-in-a-cluster.html">
<b>3.4.1.</b>
管理集群中的TLS
</a>
</li>
<li class="chapter " data-level="3.4.2" data-path="../guide/kubelet-authentication-authorization.html">
<a href="../guide/kubelet-authentication-authorization.html">
<b>3.4.2.</b>
kubelet的认证授权
</a>
</li>
<li class="chapter " data-level="3.4.3" data-path="../guide/tls-bootstrapping.html">
<a href="../guide/tls-bootstrapping.html">
<b>3.4.3.</b>
TLS bootstrap
</a>
</li>
<li class="chapter " data-level="3.4.4" data-path="../guide/kubectl-user-authentication-authorization.html">
<a href="../guide/kubectl-user-authentication-authorization.html">
<b>3.4.4.</b>
创建用户认证授权的kubeconfig文件
</a>
</li>
<li class="chapter " data-level="3.4.5" data-path="../guide/rbac.html">
<a href="../guide/rbac.html">
<b>3.4.5.</b>
RBAC——基于角色的访问控制
</a>
</li>
<li class="chapter " data-level="3.4.6" data-path="../guide/ip-masq-agent.html">
<a href="../guide/ip-masq-agent.html">
<b>3.4.6.</b>
IP伪装代理
</a>
</li>
<li class="chapter " data-level="3.4.7" data-path="../guide/auth-with-kubeconfig-or-token.html">
<a href="../guide/auth-with-kubeconfig-or-token.html">
<b>3.4.7.</b>
使用kubeconfig或token进行用户身份认证
</a>
</li>
<li class="chapter " data-level="3.4.8" data-path="../guide/authentication.html">
<a href="../guide/authentication.html">
<b>3.4.8.</b>
kubernetes中的用户与身份认证授权
</a>
</li>
</ul>
</li>
<li class="chapter " data-level="3.5" data-path="../guide/access-kubernetes-cluster.html">
<a href="../guide/access-kubernetes-cluster.html">
<b>3.5.</b>
访问Kubernetes集群
</a>
<ul class="articles">
<li class="chapter " data-level="3.5.1" data-path="../guide/access-cluster.html">
<a href="../guide/access-cluster.html">
<b>3.5.1.</b>
访问集群
</a>
</li>
<li class="chapter " data-level="3.5.2" data-path="../guide/authenticate-across-clusters-kubeconfig.html">
<a href="../guide/authenticate-across-clusters-kubeconfig.html">
<b>3.5.2.</b>
使用kubeconfig文件配置跨集群认证
</a>
</li>
<li class="chapter " data-level="3.5.3" data-path="../guide/connecting-to-applications-port-forward.html">
<a href="../guide/connecting-to-applications-port-forward.html">
<b>3.5.3.</b>
通过端口转发访问集群中的应用程序
</a>
</li>
<li class="chapter " data-level="3.5.4" data-path="../guide/service-access-application-cluster.html">
<a href="../guide/service-access-application-cluster.html">
<b>3.5.4.</b>
使用service访问群集中的应用程序
</a>
</li>
<li class="chapter " data-level="3.5.5" data-path="../guide/accessing-kubernetes-pods-from-outside-of-the-cluster.html">
<a href="../guide/accessing-kubernetes-pods-from-outside-of-the-cluster.html">
<b>3.5.5.</b>
从外部访问Kubernetes中的Pod
</a>
</li>
<li class="chapter " data-level="3.5.6" data-path="../guide/carbin-mobile-dashboard-for-kubernetes.html">
<a href="../guide/carbin-mobile-dashboard-for-kubernetes.html">
<b>3.5.6.</b>
Carbin - Kuberentes手机客户端
</a>
</li>
</ul>
</li>
<li class="chapter " data-level="3.6" data-path="../guide/application-development-deployment-flow.html">
<a href="../guide/application-development-deployment-flow.html">
<b>3.6.</b>
在kubernetes中开发部署应用
</a>
<ul class="articles">
<li class="chapter " data-level="3.6.1" data-path="../guide/deploy-applications-in-kubernetes.html">
<a href="../guide/deploy-applications-in-kubernetes.html">
<b>3.6.1.</b>
适用于kubernetes的应用开发部署流程
</a>
</li>
<li class="chapter " data-level="3.6.2" data-path="../guide/migrating-hadoop-yarn-to-kubernetes.html">
<a href="../guide/migrating-hadoop-yarn-to-kubernetes.html">
<b>3.6.2.</b>
迁移传统应用到kubernetes中——以Hadoop YARN为例
</a>
</li>
<li class="chapter " data-level="3.6.3" data-path="../guide/using-statefulset.html">
<a href="../guide/using-statefulset.html">
<b>3.6.3.</b>
使用StatefulSet部署用状态应用
</a>
</li>
</ul>
</li>
<li class="header">最佳实践</li>
<li class="chapter " data-level="4.1" data-path="../practice/">
<a href="../practice/">
<b>4.1.</b>
最佳实践概览
</a>
</li>
<li class="chapter " data-level="4.2" data-path="../practice/install-kbernetes1.6-on-centos.html">
<a href="../practice/install-kbernetes1.6-on-centos.html">
<b>4.2.</b>
在CentOS上部署kubernetes1.6集群
</a>
<ul class="articles">
<li class="chapter " data-level="4.2.1" data-path="../practice/create-tls-and-secret-key.html">
<a href="../practice/create-tls-and-secret-key.html">
<b>4.2.1.</b>
创建TLS证书和秘钥
</a>
</li>
<li class="chapter " data-level="4.2.2" data-path="../practice/create-kubeconfig.html">
<a href="../practice/create-kubeconfig.html">
<b>4.2.2.</b>
创建kubeconfig文件
</a>
</li>
<li class="chapter " data-level="4.2.3" data-path="../practice/etcd-cluster-installation.html">
<a href="../practice/etcd-cluster-installation.html">
<b>4.2.3.</b>
创建高可用etcd集群
</a>
</li>
<li class="chapter " data-level="4.2.4" data-path="../practice/kubectl-installation.html">
<a href="../practice/kubectl-installation.html">
<b>4.2.4.</b>
安装kubectl命令行工具
</a>
</li>
<li class="chapter " data-level="4.2.5" data-path="../practice/master-installation.html">
<a href="../practice/master-installation.html">
<b>4.2.5.</b>
部署master节点
</a>
</li>
<li class="chapter " data-level="4.2.6" data-path="../practice/node-installation.html">
<a href="../practice/node-installation.html">
<b>4.2.6.</b>
部署node节点
</a>
</li>
<li class="chapter " data-level="4.2.7" data-path="../practice/kubedns-addon-installation.html">
<a href="../practice/kubedns-addon-installation.html">
<b>4.2.7.</b>
安装kubedns插件
</a>
</li>
<li class="chapter " data-level="4.2.8" data-path="../practice/dashboard-addon-installation.html">
<a href="../practice/dashboard-addon-installation.html">
<b>4.2.8.</b>
安装dashboard插件
</a>
</li>
<li class="chapter " data-level="4.2.9" data-path="../practice/heapster-addon-installation.html">
<a href="../practice/heapster-addon-installation.html">
<b>4.2.9.</b>
安装heapster插件
</a>
</li>
<li class="chapter " data-level="4.2.10" data-path="../practice/efk-addon-installation.html">
<a href="../practice/efk-addon-installation.html">
<b>4.2.10.</b>
安装EFK插件
</a>
</li>
</ul>
</li>
<li class="chapter " data-level="4.3" data-path="../practice/service-discovery-and-loadbalancing.html">
<a href="../practice/service-discovery-and-loadbalancing.html">
<b>4.3.</b>
服务发现与负载均衡
</a>
<ul class="articles">
<li class="chapter " data-level="4.3.1" data-path="../practice/traefik-ingress-installation.html">
<a href="../practice/traefik-ingress-installation.html">
<b>4.3.1.</b>
安装Traefik ingress
</a>
</li>
<li class="chapter " data-level="4.3.2" data-path="../practice/distributed-load-test.html">
<a href="../practice/distributed-load-test.html">
<b>4.3.2.</b>
分布式负载测试
</a>
</li>
<li class="chapter " data-level="4.3.3" data-path="../practice/network-and-cluster-perfermance-test.html">
<a href="../practice/network-and-cluster-perfermance-test.html">
<b>4.3.3.</b>
网络和集群性能测试
</a>
</li>
<li class="chapter " data-level="4.3.4" data-path="../practice/edge-node-configuration.html">
<a href="../practice/edge-node-configuration.html">
<b>4.3.4.</b>
边缘节点配置
</a>
</li>
<li class="chapter " data-level="4.3.5" data-path="../practice/nginx-ingress-installation.html">
<a href="../practice/nginx-ingress-installation.html">
<b>4.3.5.</b>
安装Nginx ingress
</a>
</li>
</ul>
</li>
<li class="chapter " data-level="4.4" data-path="../practice/operation.html">
<a href="../practice/operation.html">
<b>4.4.</b>
运维管理
</a>
<ul class="articles">
<li class="chapter " data-level="4.4.1" data-path="../practice/service-rolling-update.html">
<a href="../practice/service-rolling-update.html">
<b>4.4.1.</b>
服务滚动升级
</a>
</li>
<li class="chapter " data-level="4.4.2" data-path="../practice/app-log-collection.html">
<a href="../practice/app-log-collection.html">
<b>4.4.2.</b>
应用日志收集
</a>
</li>
<li class="chapter " data-level="4.4.3" data-path="../practice/configuration-best-practice.html">
<a href="../practice/configuration-best-practice.html">
<b>4.4.3.</b>
配置最佳实践
</a>
</li>
<li class="chapter " data-level="4.4.4" data-path="../practice/monitor.html">
<a href="../practice/monitor.html">
<b>4.4.4.</b>
集群及应用监控
</a>
</li>
<li class="chapter " data-level="4.4.5" data-path="../practice/data-persistence-problem.html">
<a href="../practice/data-persistence-problem.html">
<b>4.4.5.</b>
数据持久化问题
</a>
</li>
<li class="chapter " data-level="4.4.6" data-path="../practice/manage-compute-resources-container.html">
<a href="../practice/manage-compute-resources-container.html">
<b>4.4.6.</b>
管理容器的计算资源
</a>
</li>
</ul>
</li>
<li class="chapter " data-level="4.5" data-path="../practice/storage.html">
<a href="../practice/storage.html">
<b>4.5.</b>
存储管理
</a>
<ul class="articles">
<li class="chapter " data-level="4.5.1" data-path="../practice/glusterfs.html">
<a href="../practice/glusterfs.html">
<b>4.5.1.</b>
GlusterFS
</a>
<ul class="articles">
<li class="chapter " data-level="4.5.1.1" data-path="../practice/using-glusterfs-for-persistent-storage.html">
<a href="../practice/using-glusterfs-for-persistent-storage.html">
<b>4.5.1.1.</b>
使用GlusterFS做持久化存储
</a>
</li>
<li class="chapter " data-level="4.5.1.2" data-path="../practice/storage-for-containers-using-glusterfs-with-openshift.html">
<a href="../practice/storage-for-containers-using-glusterfs-with-openshift.html">
<b>4.5.1.2.</b>
在OpenShift中使用GlusterFS做持久化存储
</a>
</li>
</ul>
</li>
<li class="chapter " data-level="4.5.2" data-path="../practice/cephfs.html">
<a href="../practice/cephfs.html">
<b>4.5.2.</b>
CephFS
</a>
<ul class="articles">
<li class="chapter " data-level="4.5.2.1" data-path="../practice/using-ceph-for-persistent-storage.html">
<a href="../practice/using-ceph-for-persistent-storage.html">
<b>4.5.2.1.</b>
使用Ceph做持久化存储
</a>
</li>
</ul>
</li>
</ul>
</li>
<li class="chapter " data-level="4.6" data-path="../practice/monitoring.html">
<a href="../practice/monitoring.html">
<b>4.6.</b>
集群与应用监控
</a>
<ul class="articles">
<li class="chapter " data-level="4.6.1" data-path="../practice/heapster.html">
<a href="../practice/heapster.html">
<b>4.6.1.</b>
Heapster
</a>
<ul class="articles">
<li class="chapter " data-level="4.6.1.1" data-path="../practice/using-heapster-to-get-object-metrics.html">
<a href="../practice/using-heapster-to-get-object-metrics.html">
<b>4.6.1.1.</b>
使用Heapster获取集群和对象的metric数据
</a>
</li>
</ul>
</li>
<li class="chapter " data-level="4.6.2" data-path="../practice/prometheus.html">
<a href="../practice/prometheus.html">
<b>4.6.2.</b>
Prometheus
</a>
<ul class="articles">
<li class="chapter " data-level="4.6.2.1" data-path="../practice/using-prometheus-to-monitor-kuberentes-cluster.html">
<a href="../practice/using-prometheus-to-monitor-kuberentes-cluster.html">
<b>4.6.2.1.</b>
使用Prometheus监控kubernetes集群
</a>
</li>
</ul>
</li>
</ul>
</li>
<li class="chapter " data-level="4.7" data-path="../practice/services-management-tool.html">
<a href="../practice/services-management-tool.html">
<b>4.7.</b>
服务编排管理
</a>
<ul class="articles">
<li class="chapter " data-level="4.7.1" data-path="../practice/helm.html">
<a href="../practice/helm.html">
<b>4.7.1.</b>
使用Helm管理kubernetes应用
</a>
</li>
<li class="chapter " data-level="4.7.2" data-path="../practice/create-private-charts-repo.html">
<a href="../practice/create-private-charts-repo.html">
<b>4.7.2.</b>
构建私有Chart仓库
</a>
</li>
</ul>
</li>
<li class="chapter " data-level="4.8" data-path="../practice/ci-cd.html">
<a href="../practice/ci-cd.html">
<b>4.8.</b>
持续集成与发布
</a>
<ul class="articles">
<li class="chapter " data-level="4.8.1" data-path="../practice/jenkins-ci-cd.html">
<a href="../practice/jenkins-ci-cd.html">
<b>4.8.1.</b>
使用Jenkins进行持续集成与发布
</a>
</li>
<li class="chapter " data-level="4.8.2" data-path="../practice/drone-ci-cd.html">
<a href="../practice/drone-ci-cd.html">
<b>4.8.2.</b>
使用Drone进行持续集成与发布
</a>
</li>
</ul>
</li>
<li class="chapter " data-level="4.9" data-path="../practice/update-and-upgrade.html">
<a href="../practice/update-and-upgrade.html">
<b>4.9.</b>
更新与升级
</a>
<ul class="articles">
<li class="chapter " data-level="4.9.1" data-path="../practice/manually-upgrade.html">
<a href="../practice/manually-upgrade.html">
<b>4.9.1.</b>
手动升级kubernetes集群
</a>
</li>
<li class="chapter " data-level="4.9.2" data-path="../practice/dashboard-upgrade.html">
<a href="../practice/dashboard-upgrade.html">
<b>4.9.2.</b>
升级dashboard
</a>
</li>
</ul>
</li>
<li class="header">领域应用</li>
<li class="chapter " data-level="5.1" data-path="../usecases/">
<a href="../usecases/">
<b>5.1.</b>
领域应用概览
</a>
</li>
<li class="chapter " data-level="5.2" data-path="../usecases/microservices.html">
<a href="../usecases/microservices.html">
<b>5.2.</b>
微服务架构
</a>
<ul class="articles">
<li class="chapter " data-level="5.2.1" data-path="../usecases/service-discovery-in-microservices.html">
<a href="../usecases/service-discovery-in-microservices.html">
<b>5.2.1.</b>
微服务中的服务发现
</a>
</li>
</ul>
</li>
<li class="chapter " data-level="5.3" data-path="../usecases/service-mesh.html">
<a href="../usecases/service-mesh.html">
<b>5.3.</b>
Service Mesh 服务网格
</a>
<ul class="articles">
<li class="chapter " data-level="5.3.1" data-path="../usecases/istio.html">
<a href="../usecases/istio.html">
<b>5.3.1.</b>
Istio
</a>
<ul class="articles">
<li class="chapter " data-level="5.3.1.1" data-path="../usecases/istio-installation.html">
<a href="../usecases/istio-installation.html">
<b>5.3.1.1.</b>
安装并试用Istio service mesh
</a>
</li>
<li class="chapter " data-level="5.3.1.2" data-path="../usecases/configuring-request-routing.html">
<a href="../usecases/configuring-request-routing.html">
<b>5.3.1.2.</b>
配置请求的路由规则
</a>
</li>
<li class="chapter " data-level="5.3.1.3" data-path="../usecases/install-and-expand-istio-mesh.html">
<a href="../usecases/install-and-expand-istio-mesh.html">
<b>5.3.1.3.</b>
安装和拓展Istio service mesh
</a>
</li>
<li class="chapter " data-level="5.3.1.4" data-path="../usecases/integrating-vms.html">
<a href="../usecases/integrating-vms.html">
<b>5.3.1.4.</b>
集成虚拟机
</a>
</li>
</ul>
</li>
<li class="chapter " data-level="5.3.2" data-path="../usecases/linkerd.html">
<a href="../usecases/linkerd.html">
<b>5.3.2.</b>
Linkerd
</a>
<ul class="articles">
<li class="chapter " data-level="5.3.2.1" data-path="../usecases/linkerd-user-guide.html">
<a href="../usecases/linkerd-user-guide.html">
<b>5.3.2.1.</b>
Linkerd 使用指南
</a>
</li>
</ul>
</li>
</ul>
</li>
<li class="chapter " data-level="5.4" data-path="../usecases/big-data.html">
<a href="../usecases/big-data.html">
<b>5.4.</b>
大数据
</a>
<ul class="articles">
<li class="chapter " data-level="5.4.1" data-path="../usecases/spark-standalone-on-kubernetes.html">
<a href="../usecases/spark-standalone-on-kubernetes.html">
<b>5.4.1.</b>
Spark standalone on Kubernetes
</a>
</li>
<li class="chapter " data-level="5.4.2" data-path="../usecases/running-spark-with-kubernetes-native-scheduler.html">
<a href="../usecases/running-spark-with-kubernetes-native-scheduler.html">
<b>5.4.2.</b>
运行支持kubernetes原生调度的Spark程序
</a>
</li>
</ul>
</li>
<li class="chapter " data-level="5.5" data-path="../usecases/serverless.html">
<a href="../usecases/serverless.html">
<b>5.5.</b>
Serverless架构
</a>
</li>
<li class="chapter " data-level="5.6" data-path="../usecases/edge-computing.html">
<a href="../usecases/edge-computing.html">
<b>5.6.</b>
边缘计算
</a>
</li>
<li class="header">开发指南</li>
<li class="chapter " data-level="6.1" data-path="../develop/">
<a href="../develop/">
<b>6.1.</b>
开发指南概览
</a>
</li>
<li class="chapter " data-level="6.2" data-path="../develop/developing-environment.html">
<a href="../develop/developing-environment.html">
<b>6.2.</b>
开发环境搭建
</a>
</li>
<li class="chapter " data-level="6.3" data-path="../develop/testing.html">
<a href="../develop/testing.html">
<b>6.3.</b>
单元测试和集成测试
</a>
</li>
<li class="chapter " data-level="6.4" data-path="../develop/client-go-sample.html">
<a href="../develop/client-go-sample.html">
<b>6.4.</b>
client-go示例
</a>
</li>
<li class="chapter " data-level="6.5" data-path="../develop/contribute.html">
<a href="../develop/contribute.html">
<b>6.5.</b>
社区贡献
</a>
</li>
<li class="chapter " data-level="6.6" data-path="../develop/minikube.html">
<a href="../develop/minikube.html">
<b>6.6.</b>
Minikube
</a>
</li>
<li class="header">附录</li>
<li class="chapter " data-level="7.1" data-path="../appendix/">
<a href="../appendix/">
<b>7.1.</b>
附录说明
</a>
</li>
<li class="chapter " data-level="7.2" data-path="../appendix/debug-kubernetes-services.html">
<a href="../appendix/debug-kubernetes-services.html">
<b>7.2.</b>
Kubernetes中的应用故障排查
</a>
</li>
<li class="chapter " data-level="7.3" data-path="../appendix/material-share.html">
<a href="../appendix/material-share.html">
<b>7.3.</b>
Kubernetes相关资讯和情报链接
</a>
</li>
<li class="chapter " data-level="7.4" data-path="../appendix/docker-best-practice.html">
<a href="../appendix/docker-best-practice.html">
<b>7.4.</b>
Docker最佳实践
</a>
</li>
<li class="chapter " data-level="7.5" data-path="../appendix/tricks.html">
<a href="../appendix/tricks.html">
<b>7.5.</b>
使用技巧
</a>
</li>
<li class="chapter " data-level="7.6" data-path="../appendix/issues.html">
<a href="../appendix/issues.html">
<b>7.6.</b>
问题记录
</a>
</li>
<li class="divider"></li>
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<a href="https://www.gitbook.com" target="blank" class="gitbook-link">
本书使用 GitBook 发布
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<a href=".." >Horizontal Pod Autoscaling</a>
</h1>
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<h1 id="horizontal-pod-autoscaling">Horizontal Pod Autoscaling</h1>
<p>&#x5E94;&#x7528;&#x7684;&#x8D44;&#x6E90;&#x4F7F;&#x7528;&#x7387;&#x901A;&#x5E38;&#x90FD;&#x6709;&#x9AD8;&#x5CF0;&#x548C;&#x4F4E;&#x8C37;&#x7684;&#x65F6;&#x5019;&#xFF0C;&#x5982;&#x4F55;&#x524A;&#x5CF0;&#x586B;&#x8C37;&#xFF0C;&#x63D0;&#x9AD8;&#x96C6;&#x7FA4;&#x7684;&#x6574;&#x4F53;&#x8D44;&#x6E90;&#x5229;&#x7528;&#x7387;&#xFF0C;&#x8BA9;service&#x4E2D;&#x7684;Pod&#x4E2A;&#x6570;&#x81EA;&#x52A8;&#x8C03;&#x6574;&#x5462;&#xFF1F;&#x8FD9;&#x5C31;&#x6709;&#x8D56;&#x4E8E;Horizontal Pod Autoscaling&#x4E86;&#xFF0C;&#x987E;&#x540D;&#x601D;&#x4E49;&#xFF0C;&#x4F7F;Pod&#x6C34;&#x5E73;&#x81EA;&#x52A8;&#x7F29;&#x653E;&#x3002;&#x8FD9;&#x4E2A;Object&#xFF08;&#x8DDF;Pod&#x3001;Deployment&#x4E00;&#x6837;&#x90FD;&#x662F;API resource&#xFF09;&#x4E5F;&#x662F;&#x6700;&#x80FD;&#x4F53;&#x73B0;kubernetes&#x4E4B;&#x4E8E;&#x4F20;&#x7EDF;&#x8FD0;&#x7EF4;&#x4EF7;&#x503C;&#x7684;&#x5730;&#x65B9;&#xFF0C;&#x4E0D;&#x518D;&#x9700;&#x8981;&#x624B;&#x52A8;&#x6269;&#x5BB9;&#x4E86;&#xFF0C;&#x7EC8;&#x4E8E;&#x5B9E;&#x73B0;&#x81EA;&#x52A8;&#x5316;&#x4E86;&#xFF0C;&#x8FD8;&#x53EF;&#x4EE5;&#x81EA;&#x5B9A;&#x4E49;&#x6307;&#x6807;&#xFF0C;&#x6CA1;&#x51C6;&#x672A;&#x6765;&#x8FD8;&#x53EF;&#x4EE5;&#x901A;&#x8FC7;&#x4EBA;&#x5DE5;&#x667A;&#x80FD;&#x81EA;&#x52A8;&#x8FDB;&#x5316;&#x5462;&#xFF01;</p>
<p>Horizontal Pod Autoscaling&#x4EC5;&#x9002;&#x7528;&#x4E8E;Deployment&#x548C;ReplicationController&#xFF08;ReplicaSet&#x5DF2;&#x7ECF;&#x88AB;ReplicationController&#x53D6;&#x4EE3;&#xFF09;&#xFF0C;&#x5728;V1&#x7248;&#x672C;&#x4E2D;&#x4EC5;&#x652F;&#x6301;&#x6839;&#x636E;Pod&#x7684;CPU&#x5229;&#x7528;&#x7387;&#x6269;&#x6240;&#x5BB9;&#xFF0C;&#x5728;v1alpha&#x7248;&#x672C;&#x4E2D;&#xFF0C;&#x652F;&#x6301;&#x6839;&#x636E;&#x5185;&#x5B58;&#x548C;&#x7528;&#x6237;&#x81EA;&#x5B9A;&#x4E49;&#x7684;metric&#x6269;&#x7F29;&#x5BB9;&#x3002;</p>
<p>&#x5982;&#x679C;&#x4F60;&#x4E0D;&#x60F3;&#x770B;&#x4E0B;&#x9762;&#x7684;&#x6587;&#x7AE0;&#x53EF;&#x4EE5;&#x76F4;&#x63A5;&#x770B;&#x4E0B;&#x9762;&#x7684;&#x793A;&#x4F8B;&#x56FE;&#xFF0C;&#x7EC4;&#x4EF6;&#x4EA4;&#x4E92;&#x3001;&#x7EC4;&#x4EF6;&#x7684;&#x914D;&#x7F6E;&#x3001;&#x547D;&#x4EE4;&#x793A;&#x4F8B;&#xFF0C;&#x90FD;&#x753B;&#x5728;&#x56FE;&#x4E0A;&#x4E86;&#x3002;</p>
<p>Horizontal Pod Autoscaling&#x7531;API server&#x548C;controller&#x5171;&#x540C;&#x5B9E;&#x73B0;&#x3002;</p>
<figure id="fig2.3.16.1"><img src="../images/horizontal-pod-autoscaler.png" alt="horizontal-pod-autoscaler"><figcaption>&#x56FE;&#x7247; - horizontal-pod-autoscaler</figcaption></figure>
<h2 id="metrics&#x652F;&#x6301;">Metrics&#x652F;&#x6301;</h2>
<p>&#x5728;&#x4E0D;&#x540C;&#x7248;&#x672C;&#x7684;API&#x4E2D;&#xFF0C;HPA autoscale&#x65F6;&#x53EF;&#x4EE5;&#x6839;&#x636E;&#x4EE5;&#x4E0B;&#x6307;&#x6807;&#x6765;&#x5224;&#x65AD;&#xFF1A;</p>
<ul>
<li>autoscaling/v1<ul>
<li>CPU</li>
</ul>
</li>
<li>autoscaling/v2alpha1<ul>
<li>&#x5185;&#x5B58;</li>
<li>&#x81EA;&#x5B9A;&#x4E49;metrics<ul>
<li>kubernetes1.6&#x8D77;&#x652F;&#x6301;&#x81EA;&#x5B9A;&#x4E49;metrics&#xFF0C;&#x4F46;&#x662F;&#x5FC5;&#x987B;&#x5728;kube-controller-manager&#x4E2D;&#x914D;&#x7F6E;&#x5982;&#x4E0B;&#x4E24;&#x9879;&#xFF1A;<ul>
<li><code>--horizontal-pod-autoscaler-use-rest-clients=true</code></li>
<li><code>--api-server</code>&#x6307;&#x5411;<a href="https://github.com/kubernetes/kube-aggregator" target="_blank">kube-aggregator</a>&#xFF0C;&#x4E5F;&#x53EF;&#x4EE5;&#x4F7F;&#x7528;heapster&#x6765;&#x5B9E;&#x73B0;&#xFF0C;&#x901A;&#x8FC7;&#x5728;&#x542F;&#x52A8;heapster&#x7684;&#x65F6;&#x5019;&#x6307;&#x5B9A;<code>--api-server=true</code>&#x3002;&#x67E5;&#x770B;<a href="https://github.com/kubernetes/metrics" target="_blank">kubernetes metrics</a></li>
</ul>
</li>
</ul>
</li>
<li>&#x591A;&#x79CD;metrics&#x7EC4;&#x5408;<ul>
<li>HPA&#x4F1A;&#x6839;&#x636E;&#x6BCF;&#x4E2A;metric&#x7684;&#x503C;&#x8BA1;&#x7B97;&#x51FA;scale&#x7684;&#x503C;&#xFF0C;&#x5E76;&#x5C06;&#x6700;&#x5927;&#x7684;&#x90A3;&#x4E2A;&#x6307;&#x4F5C;&#x4E3A;&#x6269;&#x5BB9;&#x7684;&#x6700;&#x7EC8;&#x7ED3;&#x679C;&#x3002;</li>
</ul>
</li>
</ul>
</li>
</ul>
<h2 id="&#x4F7F;&#x7528;kubectl&#x7BA1;&#x7406;">&#x4F7F;&#x7528;kubectl&#x7BA1;&#x7406;</h2>
<p>Horizontal Pod Autoscaling&#x4F5C;&#x4E3A;API resource&#x4E5F;&#x53EF;&#x4EE5;&#x50CF;Pod&#x3001;Deployment&#x4E00;&#x6837;&#x4F7F;&#x7528;kubeclt&#x547D;&#x4EE4;&#x7BA1;&#x7406;&#xFF0C;&#x4F7F;&#x7528;&#x65B9;&#x6CD5;&#x8DDF;&#x5B83;&#x4EEC;&#x4E00;&#x6837;&#xFF0C;&#x8D44;&#x6E90;&#x540D;&#x79F0;&#x4E3A;<code>hpa</code>&#x3002;</p>
<pre><code class="lang-bash">kubectl create hpa
kubectl get hpa
kubectl describe hpa
kubectl delete hpa
</code></pre>
<p>&#x6709;&#x4E00;&#x70B9;&#x4E0D;&#x540C;&#x7684;&#x662F;&#xFF0C;&#x53EF;&#x4EE5;&#x76F4;&#x63A5;&#x4F7F;&#x7528;<code>kubectl autoscale</code>&#x76F4;&#x63A5;&#x901A;&#x8FC7;&#x547D;&#x4EE4;&#x884C;&#x7684;&#x65B9;&#x5F0F;&#x521B;&#x5EFA;Horizontal Pod Autoscaler&#x3002;</p>
<p>&#x7528;&#x6CD5;&#x5982;&#x4E0B;&#xFF1A;</p>
<pre><code class="lang-bash">kubectl autoscale (<span class="hljs-_">-f</span> FILENAME | TYPE NAME | TYPE/NAME) [--min=MINPODS] --max=MAXPODS
[--cpu-percent=CPU] [flags] [options]
</code></pre>
<p>&#x4E3E;&#x4E2A;&#x4F8B;&#x5B50;&#xFF1A;</p>
<pre><code class="lang-bash">kubectl autoscale deployment foo --min=2 --max=5 --cpu-percent=80
</code></pre>
<p>&#x4E3A;Deployment foo&#x521B;&#x5EFA; &#x4E00;&#x4E2A;autoscaler&#xFF0C;&#x5F53;Pod&#x7684;CPU&#x5229;&#x7528;&#x7387;&#x8FBE;&#x5230;80%&#x7684;&#x65F6;&#x5019;&#xFF0C;RC&#x7684;replica&#x6570;&#x5728;2&#x5230;5&#x4E4B;&#x95F4;&#x3002;&#x8BE5;&#x547D;&#x4EE4;&#x7684;&#x8BE6;&#x7EC6;&#x4F7F;&#x7528;&#x6587;&#x6863;&#x89C1;<a href="https://kubernetes.io/docs/user-guide/kubectl/v1.6/#autoscale" target="_blank">https://kubernetes.io/docs/user-guide/kubectl/v1.6/#autoscale</a> &#x3002;</p>
<p><strong>&#x6CE8;&#x610F;</strong> &#xFF1A;&#x5982;&#x679C;&#x4E3A;ReplicationController&#x521B;&#x5EFA;HPA&#x7684;&#x8BDD;&#xFF0C;&#x65E0;&#x6CD5;&#x4F7F;&#x7528;rolling update&#xFF0C;&#x4F46;&#x662F;&#x5BF9;&#x4E8E;Deployment&#x6765;&#x8BF4;&#x662F;&#x53EF;&#x4EE5;&#x7684;&#xFF0C;&#x56E0;&#x4E3A;Deployment&#x5728;&#x6267;&#x884C;rolling update&#x7684;&#x65F6;&#x5019;&#x4F1A;&#x81EA;&#x52A8;&#x521B;&#x5EFA;&#x65B0;&#x7684;ReplicationController&#x3002;</p>
<h2 id="&#x4EC0;&#x4E48;&#x662F;-horizontal-pod-autoscaling&#xFF1F;">&#x4EC0;&#x4E48;&#x662F; Horizontal Pod Autoscaling&#xFF1F;</h2>
<p>&#x5229;&#x7528; Horizontal Pod Autoscaling&#xFF0C;kubernetes &#x80FD;&#x591F;&#x6839;&#x636E;&#x76D1;&#x6D4B;&#x5230;&#x7684; CPU &#x5229;&#x7528;&#x7387;&#xFF08;&#x6216;&#x8005;&#x5728; alpha &#x7248;&#x672C;&#x4E2D;&#x652F;&#x6301;&#x7684;&#x5E94;&#x7528;&#x63D0;&#x4F9B;&#x7684; metric&#xFF09;&#x81EA;&#x52A8;&#x7684;&#x6269;&#x5BB9; replication controller&#xFF0C;deployment &#x548C; replica set&#x3002;</p>
<p>Horizontal Pod Autoscaler &#x4F5C;&#x4E3A; kubernetes API resource &#x548C; controller &#x7684;&#x5B9E;&#x73B0;&#x3002;Resource &#x786E;&#x5B9A; controller &#x7684;&#x884C;&#x4E3A;&#x3002;Controller &#x4F1A;&#x6839;&#x636E;&#x76D1;&#x6D4B;&#x5230;&#x7528;&#x6237;&#x6307;&#x5B9A;&#x7684;&#x76EE;&#x6807;&#x7684; CPU &#x5229;&#x7528;&#x7387;&#x5468;&#x671F;&#x6027;&#x5F97;&#x8C03;&#x6574; replication controller &#x6216; deployment &#x7684; replica &#x6570;&#x91CF;&#x3002;</p>
<h2 id="horizontal-pod-autoscaler-&#x5982;&#x4F55;&#x5DE5;&#x4F5C;&#xFF1F;">Horizontal Pod Autoscaler &#x5982;&#x4F55;&#x5DE5;&#x4F5C;&#xFF1F;</h2>
<p>Horizontal Pod Autoscaler &#x7531;&#x4E00;&#x4E2A;&#x63A7;&#x5236;&#x5FAA;&#x73AF;&#x5B9E;&#x73B0;&#xFF0C;&#x5FAA;&#x73AF;&#x5468;&#x671F;&#x7531; controller manager &#x4E2D;&#x7684; <code>--horizontal-pod-autoscaler-sync-period</code> &#x6807;&#x5FD7;&#x6307;&#x5B9A;&#xFF08;&#x9ED8;&#x8BA4;&#x662F; 30 &#x79D2;&#xFF09;&#x3002;</p>
<p>&#x5728;&#x6BCF;&#x4E2A;&#x5468;&#x671F;&#x5185;&#xFF0C;controller manager &#x4F1A;&#x67E5;&#x8BE2; HorizontalPodAutoscaler &#x4E2D;&#x5B9A;&#x4E49;&#x7684; metric &#x7684;&#x8D44;&#x6E90;&#x5229;&#x7528;&#x7387;&#x3002;Controller manager &#x4ECE; resource metric API&#xFF08;&#x6BCF;&#x4E2A; pod &#x7684; resource metric&#xFF09;&#x6216;&#x8005;&#x81EA;&#x5B9A;&#x4E49; metric API&#xFF08;&#x6240;&#x6709;&#x7684;metric&#xFF09;&#x4E2D;&#x83B7;&#x53D6; metric&#x3002;</p>
<ul>
<li>&#x6BCF;&#x4E2A; Pod &#x7684; resource metric&#xFF08;&#x4F8B;&#x5982; CPU&#xFF09;&#xFF0C;controller &#x901A;&#x8FC7; resource metric API &#x83B7;&#x53D6; HorizontalPodAutoscaler &#x4E2D;&#x5B9A;&#x4E49;&#x7684;&#x6BCF;&#x4E2A; Pod &#x4E2D;&#x7684; metric&#x3002;&#x7136;&#x540E;&#xFF0C;&#x5982;&#x679C;&#x8BBE;&#x7F6E;&#x4E86;&#x76EE;&#x6807;&#x5229;&#x7528;&#x7387;&#xFF0C;controller &#x8BA1;&#x7B97;&#x5229;&#x7528;&#x7684;&#x503C;&#x4E0E;&#x6BCF;&#x4E2A; Pod &#x7684;&#x5BB9;&#x5668;&#x91CC;&#x7684; resource request &#x503C;&#x7684;&#x767E;&#x5206;&#x6BD4;&#x3002;&#x5982;&#x679C;&#x8BBE;&#x7F6E;&#x4E86;&#x76EE;&#x6807;&#x539F;&#x59CB;&#x503C;&#xFF0C;&#x5C06;&#x76F4;&#x63A5;&#x4F7F;&#x7528;&#x8BE5;&#x539F;&#x59CB; metric &#x503C;&#x3002;&#x7136;&#x540E; controller &#x8BA1;&#x7B97;&#x6240;&#x6709;&#x76EE;&#x6807; Pod &#x7684;&#x5229;&#x7528;&#x7387;&#x6216;&#x539F;&#x59CB;&#x503C;&#xFF08;&#x53D6;&#x51B3;&#x4E8E;&#x6240;&#x6307;&#x5B9A;&#x7684;&#x76EE;&#x6807;&#x7C7B;&#x578B;&#xFF09;&#x7684;&#x5E73;&#x5747;&#x503C;&#xFF0C;&#x4EA7;&#x751F;&#x4E00;&#x4E2A;&#x7528;&#x4E8E;&#x7F29;&#x653E;&#x6240;&#x9700; replica &#x6570;&#x91CF;&#x7684;&#x6BD4;&#x7387;&#x3002; &#x8BF7;&#x6CE8;&#x610F;&#xFF0C;&#x5982;&#x679C;&#x67D0;&#x4E9B; Pod &#x7684;&#x5BB9;&#x5668;&#x6CA1;&#x6709;&#x8BBE;&#x7F6E;&#x76F8;&#x5173;&#x7684; resource request &#xFF0C;&#x5219;&#x4E0D;&#x4F1A;&#x5B9A;&#x4E49; Pod &#x7684; CPU &#x5229;&#x7528;&#x7387;&#xFF0C;&#x5E76;&#x4E14; Aucoscaler &#x4E5F;&#x4E0D;&#x4F1A;&#x5BF9;&#x8BE5; metric &#x91C7;&#x53D6;&#x4EFB;&#x4F55;&#x64CD;&#x4F5C;&#x3002; &#x6709;&#x5173;&#x81EA;&#x52A8;&#x7F29;&#x653E;&#x7B97;&#x6CD5;&#x5982;&#x4F55;&#x5DE5;&#x4F5C;&#x7684;&#x66F4;&#x591A;&#x7EC6;&#x8282;&#xFF0C;&#x8BF7;&#x53C2;&#x9605; <a href="https://git.k8s.io/community/contributors/design-proposals/horizontal-pod-autoscaler.md#autoscaling-algorithm" target="_blank">&#x81EA;&#x52A8;&#x7F29;&#x653E;&#x7B97;&#x6CD5;&#x8BBE;&#x8BA1;&#x6587;&#x6863;</a>&#x3002;</li>
<li>&#x5BF9;&#x4E8E;&#x6BCF;&#x4E2A; Pod &#x81EA;&#x5B9A;&#x4E49;&#x7684; metric&#xFF0C;controller &#x529F;&#x80FD;&#x7C7B;&#x4F3C;&#x4E8E;&#x6BCF;&#x4E2A; Pod &#x7684; resource metric&#xFF0C;&#x53EA;&#x662F;&#x5B83;&#x4F7F;&#x7528;&#x539F;&#x59CB;&#x503C;&#x800C;&#x4E0D;&#x662F;&#x5229;&#x7528;&#x7387;&#x503C;&#x3002;</li>
<li>&#x5BF9;&#x4E8E; object metric&#xFF0C;&#x83B7;&#x53D6;&#x5355;&#x4E2A;&#x5EA6;&#x91CF;&#xFF08;&#x63CF;&#x8FF0;&#x6709;&#x95EE;&#x9898;&#x7684;&#x5BF9;&#x8C61;&#xFF09;&#xFF0C;&#x5E76;&#x4E0E;&#x76EE;&#x6807;&#x503C;&#x8FDB;&#x884C;&#x6BD4;&#x8F83;&#xFF0C;&#x4EE5;&#x4EA7;&#x751F;&#x5982;&#x4E0A;&#x6240;&#x8FF0;&#x7684;&#x6BD4;&#x7387;&#x3002;</li>
</ul>
<p>HorizontalPodAutoscaler &#x63A7;&#x5236;&#x5668;&#x53EF;&#x4EE5;&#x4EE5;&#x4E24;&#x79CD;&#x4E0D;&#x540C;&#x7684;&#x65B9;&#x5F0F;&#x83B7;&#x53D6; metric &#xFF1A;&#x76F4;&#x63A5;&#x7684; Heapster &#x8BBF;&#x95EE;&#x548C; REST &#x5BA2;&#x6237;&#x7AEF;&#x8BBF;&#x95EE;&#x3002;</p>
<p>&#x5F53;&#x4F7F;&#x7528;&#x76F4;&#x63A5;&#x7684; Heapster &#x8BBF;&#x95EE;&#x65F6;&#xFF0C;HorizontalPodAutoscaler &#x76F4;&#x63A5;&#x901A;&#x8FC7; API &#x670D;&#x52A1;&#x5668;&#x7684;&#x670D;&#x52A1;&#x4EE3;&#x7406;&#x5B50;&#x8D44;&#x6E90;&#x67E5;&#x8BE2; Heapster&#x3002;&#x9700;&#x8981;&#x5728;&#x96C6;&#x7FA4;&#x4E0A;&#x90E8;&#x7F72; Heapster &#x5E76;&#x5728; kube-system namespace &#x4E2D;&#x8FD0;&#x884C;&#x3002;</p>
<p>&#x6709;&#x5173; REST &#x5BA2;&#x6237;&#x7AEF;&#x8BBF;&#x95EE;&#x7684;&#x8BE6;&#x7EC6;&#x4FE1;&#x606F;&#xFF0C;&#x8BF7;&#x53C2;&#x9605; <a href="https://kubernetes.io/docs/tasks/run-application/horizontal-pod-autoscale.md#prerequisites" target="_blank">&#x652F;&#x6301;&#x81EA;&#x5B9A;&#x4E49;&#x5EA6;&#x91CF;</a>&#x3002;</p>
<p>Autoscaler &#x8BBF;&#x95EE;&#x76F8;&#x5E94;&#x7684; replication controller&#xFF0C;deployment &#x6216; replica set &#x6765;&#x7F29;&#x653E;&#x5B50;&#x8D44;&#x6E90;&#x3002;</p>
<p>Scale &#x662F;&#x4E00;&#x4E2A;&#x5141;&#x8BB8;&#x60A8;&#x52A8;&#x6001;&#x8BBE;&#x7F6E;&#x526F;&#x672C;&#x6570;&#x5E76;&#x68C0;&#x67E5;&#x5176;&#x5F53;&#x524D;&#x72B6;&#x6001;&#x7684;&#x63A5;&#x53E3;&#x3002;</p>
<p>&#x6709;&#x5173;&#x7F29;&#x653E;&#x5B50;&#x8D44;&#x6E90;&#x7684;&#x66F4;&#x591A;&#x7EC6;&#x8282;&#x53EF;&#x4EE5;&#x5728; <a href="https://git.k8s.io/community/contributors/design-proposals/horizontal-pod-autoscaler.md#scale-subresource" target="_blank">&#x8FD9;&#x91CC;</a> &#x627E;&#x5230;&#x3002;</p>
<h2 id="api-object">API Object</h2>
<p>Horizontal Pod Autoscaler &#x662F; kubernetes &#x7684; <code>autoscaling</code> API &#x7EC4;&#x4E2D;&#x7684; API &#x8D44;&#x6E90;&#x3002;&#x5F53;&#x524D;&#x7684;&#x7A33;&#x5B9A;&#x7248;&#x672C;&#x4E2D;&#xFF0C;&#x53EA;&#x652F;&#x6301; CPU &#x81EA;&#x52A8;&#x6269;&#x7F29;&#x5BB9;&#xFF0C;&#x53EF;&#x4EE5;&#x5728;<code>autoscaling/v1</code> API &#x7248;&#x672C;&#x4E2D;&#x627E;&#x5230;&#x3002;</p>
<p>&#x5728; alpha &#x7248;&#x672C;&#x4E2D;&#x652F;&#x6301;&#x6839;&#x636E;&#x5185;&#x5B58;&#x548C;&#x81EA;&#x5B9A;&#x4E49; metric &#x6269;&#x7F29;&#x5BB9;&#xFF0C;&#x53EF;&#x4EE5;&#x5728;<code>autoscaling/v2alpha1</code> &#x4E2D;&#x627E;&#x5230;&#x3002;<code>autoscaling/v2alpha1</code> &#x4E2D;&#x5F15;&#x5165;&#x7684;&#x65B0;&#x5B57;&#x6BB5;&#x5728;<code>autoscaling/v1</code> &#x4E2D;&#x662F;&#x505A;&#x4E3A; annotation &#x800C;&#x4FDD;&#x5B58;&#x7684;&#x3002;</p>
<p>&#x5173;&#x4E8E;&#x8BE5; API &#x5BF9;&#x8C61;&#x7684;&#x66F4;&#x591A;&#x4FE1;&#x606F;&#xFF0C;&#x8BF7;&#x53C2;&#x9605; <a href="https://git.k8s.io/community/contributors/design-proposals/horizontal-pod-autoscaler.md#horizontalpodautoscaler-object" target="_blank">HorizontalPodAutoscaler Object</a>&#x3002;</p>
<h2 id="&#x5728;-kubectl-&#x4E2D;&#x652F;&#x6301;-horizontal-pod-autoscaling">&#x5728; kubectl &#x4E2D;&#x652F;&#x6301; Horizontal Pod Autoscaling</h2>
<p>Horizontal Pod Autoscaler &#x548C;&#x5176;&#x4ED6;&#x7684;&#x6240;&#x6709; API &#x8D44;&#x6E90;&#x4E00;&#x6837;&#xFF0C;&#x901A;&#x8FC7; <code>kubectl</code> &#x4EE5;&#x6807;&#x51C6;&#x7684;&#x65B9;&#x5F0F;&#x652F;&#x6301;&#x3002;</p>
<p>&#x6211;&#x4EEC;&#x53EF;&#x4EE5;&#x4F7F;&#x7528;<code>kubectl create</code>&#x547D;&#x4EE4;&#x521B;&#x5EFA;&#x4E00;&#x4E2A;&#x65B0;&#x7684; autoscaler&#x3002;</p>
<p>&#x6211;&#x4EEC;&#x53EF;&#x4EE5;&#x4F7F;&#x7528;<code>kubectl get hpa</code>&#x5217;&#x51FA;&#x6240;&#x6709;&#x7684; autoscaler&#xFF0C;&#x4F7F;&#x7528;<code>kubectl describe hpa</code>&#x83B7;&#x53D6;&#x5176;&#x8BE6;&#x7EC6;&#x4FE1;&#x606F;&#x3002;</p>
<p>&#x6700;&#x540E;&#x6211;&#x4EEC;&#x53EF;&#x4EE5;&#x4F7F;&#x7528;<code>kubectl delete hpa</code>&#x5220;&#x9664; autoscaler&#x3002;</p>
<p>&#x53E6;&#x5916;&#xFF0C;&#x53EF;&#x4EE5;&#x4F7F;&#x7528;<code>kubectl autoscale</code>&#x547D;&#x4EE4;&#xFF0C;&#x5F88;&#x8F7B;&#x6613;&#x7684;&#x5C31;&#x53EF;&#x4EE5;&#x521B;&#x5EFA;&#x4E00;&#x4E2A; Horizontal Pod Autoscaler&#x3002;</p>
<p>&#x4F8B;&#x5982;&#xFF0C;&#x6267;&#x884C;<code>kubectl autoscale rc foo &#x2014;min=2 &#x2014;max=5 &#x2014;cpu-percent=80</code>&#x547D;&#x4EE4;&#x5C06;&#x4E3A; replication controller <em>foo</em> &#x521B;&#x5EFA;&#x4E00;&#x4E2A; autoscaler&#xFF0C;&#x76EE;&#x6807;&#x7684; CPU &#x5229;&#x7528;&#x7387;&#x662F;<code>80%</code>&#xFF0C;replica &#x7684;&#x6570;&#x91CF;&#x4ECB;&#x4E8E; 2 &#x548C; 5 &#x4E4B;&#x95F4;&#x3002;</p>
<p>&#x5173;&#x4E8E;<code>kubectl autoscale</code>&#x7684;&#x66F4;&#x591A;&#x4FE1;&#x606F;&#x8BF7;&#x53C2;&#x9605; <a href="https://kubernetes.io/docs/user-guide/kubectl/v1.6/#autoscale" target="_blank">&#x8FD9;&#x91CC;</a>&#x3002;</p>
<h2 id="&#x6EDA;&#x52A8;&#x66F4;&#x65B0;&#x671F;&#x95F4;&#x7684;&#x81EA;&#x52A8;&#x6269;&#x7F29;&#x5BB9;">&#x6EDA;&#x52A8;&#x66F4;&#x65B0;&#x671F;&#x95F4;&#x7684;&#x81EA;&#x52A8;&#x6269;&#x7F29;&#x5BB9;</h2>
<p>&#x76EE;&#x524D;&#x5728;Kubernetes&#x4E2D;&#xFF0C;&#x53EF;&#x4EE5;&#x901A;&#x8FC7;&#x76F4;&#x63A5;&#x7BA1;&#x7406; replication controller &#x6216;&#x4F7F;&#x7528; deployment &#x5BF9;&#x8C61;&#x6765;&#x6267;&#x884C; <a href="https://kubernetes.io/docs/tasks/run-application/rolling-update-replication-controller" target="_blank">&#x6EDA;&#x52A8;&#x66F4;&#x65B0;</a>&#xFF0C;&#x8BE5; deployment &#x5BF9;&#x8C61;&#x4E3A;&#x60A8;&#x7BA1;&#x7406;&#x57FA;&#x7840; replication controller&#x3002;</p>
<p>Horizontal Pod Autoscaler &#x4EC5;&#x652F;&#x6301;&#x540E;&#x4E00;&#x79CD;&#x65B9;&#x6CD5;&#xFF1A;Horizontal Pod Autoscaler &#x88AB;&#x7ED1;&#x5B9A;&#x5230; deployment &#x5BF9;&#x8C61;&#xFF0C;&#x5B83;&#x8BBE;&#x7F6E; deployment &#x5BF9;&#x8C61;&#x7684;&#x5927;&#x5C0F;&#xFF0C;deployment &#x8D1F;&#x8D23;&#x8BBE;&#x7F6E;&#x5E95;&#x5C42; replication controller &#x7684;&#x5927;&#x5C0F;&#x3002;</p>
<p>Horizontal Pod Autoscaler &#x4E0D;&#x80FD;&#x4F7F;&#x7528;&#x76F4;&#x63A5;&#x64CD;&#x4F5C; replication controller &#x8FDB;&#x884C;&#x6EDA;&#x52A8;&#x66F4;&#x65B0;&#xFF0C;&#x5373;&#x4E0D;&#x80FD;&#x5C06; Horizontal Pod Autoscaler &#x7ED1;&#x5B9A;&#x5230; replication controller&#xFF0C;&#x5E76;&#x8FDB;&#x884C;&#x6EDA;&#x52A8;&#x66F4;&#x65B0;&#xFF08;&#x4F8B;&#x5982;&#x4F7F;&#x7528;<code>kubectl rolling-update</code>&#xFF09;&#x3002;</p>
<p>&#x8FD9;&#x4E0D;&#x884C;&#x7684;&#x539F;&#x56E0;&#x662F;&#xFF0C;&#x5F53;&#x6EDA;&#x52A8;&#x66F4;&#x65B0;&#x521B;&#x5EFA;&#x4E00;&#x4E2A;&#x65B0;&#x7684; replication controller &#x65F6;&#xFF0C;Horizontal Pod Autoscaler &#x5C06;&#x4E0D;&#x4F1A;&#x7ED1;&#x5B9A;&#x5230;&#x65B0;&#x7684; replication controller &#x4E0A;&#x3002;</p>
<h2 id="&#x652F;&#x6301;&#x591A;&#x4E2A;-metric">&#x652F;&#x6301;&#x591A;&#x4E2A; metric</h2>
<p>Kubernetes 1.6 &#x4E2D;&#x589E;&#x52A0;&#x4E86;&#x652F;&#x6301;&#x57FA;&#x4E8E;&#x591A;&#x4E2A; metric &#x7684;&#x6269;&#x7F29;&#x5BB9;&#x3002;&#x60A8;&#x53EF;&#x4EE5;&#x4F7F;&#x7528;<code>autoscaling/v2alpha1</code> API &#x7248;&#x672C;&#x6765;&#x4E3A; Horizontal Pod Autoscaler &#x6307;&#x5B9A;&#x591A;&#x4E2A; metric&#x3002;&#x7136;&#x540E; Horizontal Pod Autoscaler controller &#x5C06;&#x6743;&#x8861;&#x6BCF;&#x4E00;&#x4E2A; metric&#xFF0C;&#x5E76;&#x6839;&#x636E;&#x8BE5; metric &#x63D0;&#x8BAE;&#x4E00;&#x4E2A;&#x65B0;&#x7684; scale&#x3002;&#x5728;&#x6240;&#x6709;&#x63D0;&#x8BAE;&#x91CC;&#x6700;&#x5927;&#x7684;&#x90A3;&#x4E2A; scale &#x5C06;&#x4F5C;&#x4E3A;&#x6700;&#x7EC8;&#x7684; scale&#x3002;</p>
<h2 id="&#x652F;&#x6301;&#x81EA;&#x5B9A;&#x4E49;-metric">&#x652F;&#x6301;&#x81EA;&#x5B9A;&#x4E49; metric</h2>
<p><strong>&#x6CE8;&#x610F;&#xFF1A;</strong> Kubernetes 1.2 &#x6839;&#x636E;&#x7279;&#x5B9A;&#x4E8E;&#x5E94;&#x7528;&#x7A0B;&#x5E8F;&#x7684; metric &#xFF0C;&#x901A;&#x8FC7;&#x4F7F;&#x7528;&#x7279;&#x6B8A;&#x6CE8;&#x91CA;&#x7684;&#x65B9;&#x5F0F;&#xFF0C;&#x589E;&#x52A0;&#x4E86;&#x5BF9;&#x7F29;&#x653E;&#x7684; alpha &#x652F;&#x6301;&#x3002;</p>
<p>&#x5728; Kubernetes 1.6&#x4E2D;&#x5220;&#x9664;&#x4E86;&#x5BF9;&#x8FD9;&#x4E9B;&#x6CE8;&#x91CA;&#x7684;&#x652F;&#x6301;&#xFF0C;&#x6709;&#x5229;&#x4E8E;<code>autoscaling/v2alpha1</code> API&#x3002; &#x867D;&#x7136;&#x65E7;&#x7684;&#x6536;&#x96C6;&#x81EA;&#x5B9A;&#x4E49; metric &#x7684;&#x65E7;&#x65B9;&#x6CD5;&#x4ECD;&#x7136;&#x53EF;&#x7528;&#xFF0C;&#x4F46;&#x662F;&#x8FD9;&#x4E9B; metric &#x5C06;&#x4E0D;&#x53EF;&#x4F9B; Horizontal Pod Autoscaler &#x4F7F;&#x7528;&#xFF0C;&#x5E76;&#x4E14;&#x7528;&#x4E8E;&#x6307;&#x5B9A;&#x8981;&#x7F29;&#x653E;&#x7684;&#x81EA;&#x5B9A;&#x4E49; metric &#x7684;&#x4EE5;&#x524D;&#x7684;&#x6CE8;&#x91CA;&#x4E5F;&#x4E0D;&#x5728;&#x53D7; Horizontal Pod Autoscaler &#x8BA4;&#x53EF;&#x3002;</p>
<p>Kubernetes 1.6&#x589E;&#x52A0;&#x4E86;&#x5728; Horizontal Pod Autoscale r&#x4E2D;&#x4F7F;&#x7528;&#x81EA;&#x5B9A;&#x4E49; metric &#x7684;&#x652F;&#x6301;&#x3002;</p>
<p>&#x60A8;&#x53EF;&#x4EE5;&#x4E3A;<code>autoscaling/v2alpha1</code> API &#x4E2D;&#x4F7F;&#x7528;&#x7684; Horizontal Pod Autoscaler &#x6DFB;&#x52A0;&#x81EA;&#x5B9A;&#x4E49; metric &#x3002;</p>
<p>Kubernetes &#x7136;&#x540E;&#x67E5;&#x8BE2;&#x65B0;&#x7684;&#x81EA;&#x5B9A;&#x4E49; metric API &#x6765;&#x83B7;&#x53D6;&#x76F8;&#x5E94;&#x81EA;&#x5B9A;&#x4E49; metric &#x7684;&#x503C;&#x3002;</p>
<h2 id="&#x524D;&#x63D0;&#x6761;&#x4EF6;">&#x524D;&#x63D0;&#x6761;&#x4EF6;</h2>
<p>&#x4E3A;&#x4E86;&#x5728; Horizontal Pod Autoscaler &#x4E2D;&#x4F7F;&#x7528;&#x81EA;&#x5B9A;&#x4E49; metric&#xFF0C;&#x60A8;&#x5FC5;&#x987B;&#x5728;&#x60A8;&#x96C6;&#x7FA4;&#x7684; controller manager &#x4E2D;&#x5C06; <code>--horizontal-pod-autoscaler-use-rest-clients</code> &#x6807;&#x5FD7;&#x8BBE;&#x7F6E;&#x4E3A; true&#x3002;&#x7136;&#x540E;&#xFF0C;&#x60A8;&#x5FC5;&#x987B;&#x901A;&#x8FC7;&#x5C06; controller manager &#x7684;&#x76EE;&#x6807; API server &#x8BBE;&#x7F6E;&#x4E3A; API server aggregator&#xFF08;&#x4F7F;&#x7528;<code>--apiserver</code>&#x6807;&#x5FD7;&#xFF09;&#xFF0C;&#x914D;&#x7F6E;&#x60A8;&#x7684; controller manager &#x901A;&#x8FC7; API server aggregator &#x4E0E;API server &#x901A;&#x4FE1;&#x3002; Resource metric API&#x548C;&#x81EA;&#x5B9A;&#x4E49; metric API &#x4E5F;&#x5FC5;&#x987B;&#x5411; API server aggregator &#x6CE8;&#x518C;&#xFF0C;&#x5E76;&#x4E14;&#x5FC5;&#x987B;&#x7531;&#x96C6;&#x7FA4;&#x4E0A;&#x8FD0;&#x884C;&#x7684; API server &#x63D0;&#x4F9B;&#x3002;</p>
<p>&#x60A8;&#x53EF;&#x4EE5;&#x4F7F;&#x7528; Heapster &#x5B9E;&#x73B0; resource metric API&#xFF0C;&#x65B9;&#x6CD5;&#x662F;&#x5C06; <code>--api-server</code> &#x6807;&#x5FD7;&#x8BBE;&#x7F6E;&#x4E3A; true &#x5E76;&#x8FD0;&#x884C; Heapster&#x3002; &#x5355;&#x72EC;&#x7684;&#x7EC4;&#x4EF6;&#x5FC5;&#x987B;&#x63D0;&#x4F9B;&#x81EA;&#x5B9A;&#x4E49; metric API&#xFF08;&#x6709;&#x5173;&#x81EA;&#x5B9A;&#x4E49;metric API&#x7684;&#x66F4;&#x591A;&#x4FE1;&#x606F;&#xFF0C;&#x53EF;&#x4ECE; <a href="https://github.com/kubernetes/metrics" target="_blank">k8s.io/metrics repository</a> &#x83B7;&#x5F97;&#xFF09;&#x3002;</p>
<h2 id="&#x8FDB;&#x4E00;&#x6B65;&#x9605;&#x8BFB;">&#x8FDB;&#x4E00;&#x6B65;&#x9605;&#x8BFB;</h2>
<ul>
<li>&#x8BBE;&#x8BA1;&#x6587;&#x6863;&#xFF1A;<a href="https://git.k8s.io/community/contributors/design-proposals/horizontal-pod-autoscaler.md" target="_blank">Horizontal Pod Autoscaling</a></li>
<li>kubectl autoscale &#x547D;&#x4EE4;&#xFF1A;<a href="https://kubernetes.io/docs/user-guide/kubectl/v1.6/#autoscale" target="_blank">kubectl autoscale</a></li>
<li>&#x4F7F;&#x7528;&#x4F8B;&#x5B50;&#xFF1A; <a href="https://kubernetes.io/docs/tasks/run-application/horizontal-pod-autoscale-walkthrough" target="_blank">Horizontal Pod Autoscaler</a></li>
</ul>
<h2 id="&#x53C2;&#x8003;">&#x53C2;&#x8003;</h2>
<p>HPA&#x8BBE;&#x8BA1;&#x6587;&#x6863;&#xFF1A;<a href="https://github.com/kubernetes/community/blob/master/contributors/design-proposals/horizontal-pod-autoscaler.md" target="_blank">https://github.com/kubernetes/community/blob/master/contributors/design-proposals/horizontal-pod-autoscaler.md</a></p>
<p>HPA&#x8BF4;&#x660E;&#xFF1A;<a href="https://kubernetes.io/docs/tasks/run-application/horizontal-pod-autoscale/" target="_blank">https://kubernetes.io/docs/tasks/run-application/horizontal-pod-autoscale/</a></p>
<p>HPA&#x8BE6;&#x89E3;&#xFF1A;<a href="https://kubernetes.io/docs/tasks/run-application/horizontal-pod-autoscale-walkthrough/" target="_blank">https://kubernetes.io/docs/tasks/run-application/horizontal-pod-autoscale-walkthrough/</a></p>
<p>kubectl autoscale&#x547D;&#x4EE4;&#x8BE6;&#x7EC6;&#x4F7F;&#x7528;&#x8BF4;&#x660E;&#xFF1A;<a href="https://kubernetes.io/docs/user-guide/kubectl/v1.6/#autoscale" target="_blank">https://kubernetes.io/docs/user-guide/kubectl/v1.6/#autoscale</a></p>
<p>&#x81EA;&#x5B9A;&#x4E49;metrics&#x5F00;&#x53D1;&#xFF1A;<a href="https://github.com/kubernetes/metrics" target="_blank">https://github.com/kubernetes/metrics</a></p>
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