3115 lines
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3115 lines
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<title>云原生应用之路——从Kubernetes到Cloud Native · Kubernetes Handbook - jimmysong.io</title>
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<a href="https://jimmysong.io" target="_blank" class="custom-link">Jimmy Song</a>
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<li class="header">前言</li>
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<li class="chapter " data-level="1.1" data-path="../">
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<a href="../">
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<b>1.1.</b>
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序言
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</a>
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</li>
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<li class="header">云原生</li>
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<li class="chapter " data-level="2.1" data-path="kubernetes-and-cloud-native-app-overview.html">
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<a href="kubernetes-and-cloud-native-app-overview.html">
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<b>2.1.</b>
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Kubernetes与云原生应用概览
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</a>
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</li>
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<li class="chapter active" data-level="2.2" data-path="from-kubernetes-to-cloud-native.html">
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<a href="from-kubernetes-to-cloud-native.html">
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||
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||
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<b>2.2.</b>
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||
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云原生应用之路——从Kubernetes到Cloud Native
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</a>
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||
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||
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</li>
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<li class="header">概念与原理</li>
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<li class="chapter " data-level="3.1" data-path="../concepts/">
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|
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<a href="../concepts/">
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<b>3.1.</b>
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||
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Kubernetes架构
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|
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</a>
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</li>
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|
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<li class="chapter " data-level="3.2" data-path="../concepts/concepts.html">
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<a href="../concepts/concepts.html">
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<b>3.2.</b>
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设计理念
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|
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</a>
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</li>
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<li class="chapter " data-level="3.3" data-path="../concepts/objects.html">
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<a href="../concepts/objects.html">
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<b>3.3.</b>
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||
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||
资源对象与基本概念解析
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|
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</a>
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||
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<ul class="articles">
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<li class="chapter " data-level="3.3.1" data-path="../concepts/pod-overview.html">
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<a href="../concepts/pod-overview.html">
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||
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<b>3.3.1.</b>
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||
|
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Pod
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||
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</a>
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<ul class="articles">
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<li class="chapter " data-level="3.3.1.1" data-path="../concepts/pod.html">
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<a href="../concepts/pod.html">
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||
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<b>3.3.1.1.</b>
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||
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||
Pod解析
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||
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||
</a>
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||
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||
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||
</li>
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||
|
||
<li class="chapter " data-level="3.3.1.2" data-path="../concepts/init-containers.html">
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||
|
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<a href="../concepts/init-containers.html">
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||
|
||
|
||
<b>3.3.1.2.</b>
|
||
|
||
Init容器
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||
|
||
</a>
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||
|
||
|
||
|
||
</li>
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||
|
||
<li class="chapter " data-level="3.3.1.3" data-path="../concepts/pod-security-policy.html">
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||
|
||
<a href="../concepts/pod-security-policy.html">
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||
|
||
|
||
<b>3.3.1.3.</b>
|
||
|
||
Pod安全策略
|
||
|
||
</a>
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||
|
||
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||
|
||
</li>
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||
|
||
<li class="chapter " data-level="3.3.1.4" data-path="../concepts/pod-lifecycle.html">
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||
|
||
<a href="../concepts/pod-lifecycle.html">
|
||
|
||
|
||
<b>3.3.1.4.</b>
|
||
|
||
Pod的生命周期
|
||
|
||
</a>
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||
|
||
|
||
|
||
</li>
|
||
|
||
<li class="chapter " data-level="3.3.1.5" data-path="../concepts/pod-hook.html">
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||
|
||
<a href="../concepts/pod-hook.html">
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||
|
||
|
||
<b>3.3.1.5.</b>
|
||
|
||
Pod hook
|
||
|
||
</a>
|
||
|
||
|
||
|
||
</li>
|
||
|
||
<li class="chapter " data-level="3.3.1.6" data-path="../concepts/pod-preset.html">
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||
|
||
<a href="../concepts/pod-preset.html">
|
||
|
||
|
||
<b>3.3.1.6.</b>
|
||
|
||
Pod Preset
|
||
|
||
</a>
|
||
|
||
|
||
|
||
</li>
|
||
|
||
|
||
</ul>
|
||
|
||
</li>
|
||
|
||
<li class="chapter " data-level="3.3.2" data-path="../concepts/node.html">
|
||
|
||
<a href="../concepts/node.html">
|
||
|
||
|
||
<b>3.3.2.</b>
|
||
|
||
Node
|
||
|
||
</a>
|
||
|
||
|
||
|
||
</li>
|
||
|
||
<li class="chapter " data-level="3.3.3" data-path="../concepts/namespace.html">
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||
|
||
<a href="../concepts/namespace.html">
|
||
|
||
|
||
<b>3.3.3.</b>
|
||
|
||
Namespace
|
||
|
||
</a>
|
||
|
||
|
||
|
||
</li>
|
||
|
||
<li class="chapter " data-level="3.3.4" data-path="../concepts/service.html">
|
||
|
||
<a href="../concepts/service.html">
|
||
|
||
|
||
<b>3.3.4.</b>
|
||
|
||
Service
|
||
|
||
</a>
|
||
|
||
|
||
|
||
</li>
|
||
|
||
<li class="chapter " data-level="3.3.5" data-path="../concepts/volume.html">
|
||
|
||
<a href="../concepts/volume.html">
|
||
|
||
|
||
<b>3.3.5.</b>
|
||
|
||
Volume和Persistent Volume
|
||
|
||
</a>
|
||
|
||
|
||
|
||
</li>
|
||
|
||
<li class="chapter " data-level="3.3.6" data-path="../concepts/deployment.html">
|
||
|
||
<a href="../concepts/deployment.html">
|
||
|
||
|
||
<b>3.3.6.</b>
|
||
|
||
Deployment
|
||
|
||
</a>
|
||
|
||
|
||
|
||
</li>
|
||
|
||
<li class="chapter " data-level="3.3.7" data-path="../concepts/secret.html">
|
||
|
||
<a href="../concepts/secret.html">
|
||
|
||
|
||
<b>3.3.7.</b>
|
||
|
||
Secret
|
||
|
||
</a>
|
||
|
||
|
||
|
||
</li>
|
||
|
||
<li class="chapter " data-level="3.3.8" data-path="../concepts/statefulset.html">
|
||
|
||
<a href="../concepts/statefulset.html">
|
||
|
||
|
||
<b>3.3.8.</b>
|
||
|
||
StatefulSet
|
||
|
||
</a>
|
||
|
||
|
||
|
||
</li>
|
||
|
||
<li class="chapter " data-level="3.3.9" data-path="../concepts/daemonset.html">
|
||
|
||
<a href="../concepts/daemonset.html">
|
||
|
||
|
||
<b>3.3.9.</b>
|
||
|
||
DaemonSet
|
||
|
||
</a>
|
||
|
||
|
||
|
||
</li>
|
||
|
||
<li class="chapter " data-level="3.3.10" data-path="../concepts/serviceaccount.html">
|
||
|
||
<a href="../concepts/serviceaccount.html">
|
||
|
||
|
||
<b>3.3.10.</b>
|
||
|
||
ServiceAccount
|
||
|
||
</a>
|
||
|
||
|
||
|
||
</li>
|
||
|
||
<li class="chapter " data-level="3.3.11" data-path="../concepts/replicaset.html">
|
||
|
||
<a href="../concepts/replicaset.html">
|
||
|
||
|
||
<b>3.3.11.</b>
|
||
|
||
ReplicationController和ReplicaSet
|
||
|
||
</a>
|
||
|
||
|
||
|
||
</li>
|
||
|
||
<li class="chapter " data-level="3.3.12" data-path="../concepts/job.html">
|
||
|
||
<a href="../concepts/job.html">
|
||
|
||
|
||
<b>3.3.12.</b>
|
||
|
||
Job
|
||
|
||
</a>
|
||
|
||
|
||
|
||
</li>
|
||
|
||
<li class="chapter " data-level="3.3.13" data-path="../concepts/cronjob.html">
|
||
|
||
<a href="../concepts/cronjob.html">
|
||
|
||
|
||
<b>3.3.13.</b>
|
||
|
||
CronJob
|
||
|
||
</a>
|
||
|
||
|
||
|
||
</li>
|
||
|
||
<li class="chapter " data-level="3.3.14" data-path="../concepts/ingress.html">
|
||
|
||
<a href="../concepts/ingress.html">
|
||
|
||
|
||
<b>3.3.14.</b>
|
||
|
||
Ingress
|
||
|
||
</a>
|
||
|
||
|
||
|
||
<ul class="articles">
|
||
|
||
|
||
<li class="chapter " data-level="3.3.14.1" data-path="../concepts/traefik-ingress-controller.html">
|
||
|
||
<a href="../concepts/traefik-ingress-controller.html">
|
||
|
||
|
||
<b>3.3.14.1.</b>
|
||
|
||
Traefik Ingress Controller
|
||
|
||
</a>
|
||
|
||
|
||
|
||
</li>
|
||
|
||
|
||
</ul>
|
||
|
||
</li>
|
||
|
||
<li class="chapter " data-level="3.3.15" data-path="../concepts/configmap.html">
|
||
|
||
<a href="../concepts/configmap.html">
|
||
|
||
|
||
<b>3.3.15.</b>
|
||
|
||
ConfigMap
|
||
|
||
</a>
|
||
|
||
|
||
|
||
<ul class="articles">
|
||
|
||
|
||
<li class="chapter " data-level="3.3.15.1" data-path="../concepts/configmap-hot-update.html">
|
||
|
||
<a href="../concepts/configmap-hot-update.html">
|
||
|
||
|
||
<b>3.3.15.1.</b>
|
||
|
||
ConfigMap的热更新
|
||
|
||
</a>
|
||
|
||
|
||
|
||
</li>
|
||
|
||
|
||
</ul>
|
||
|
||
</li>
|
||
|
||
<li class="chapter " data-level="3.3.16" data-path="../concepts/horizontal-pod-autoscaling.html">
|
||
|
||
<a href="../concepts/horizontal-pod-autoscaling.html">
|
||
|
||
|
||
<b>3.3.16.</b>
|
||
|
||
Horizontal Pod Autoscaling
|
||
|
||
</a>
|
||
|
||
|
||
|
||
<ul class="articles">
|
||
|
||
|
||
<li class="chapter " data-level="3.3.16.1" data-path="../concepts/custom-metrics-hpa.html">
|
||
|
||
<a href="../concepts/custom-metrics-hpa.html">
|
||
|
||
|
||
<b>3.3.16.1.</b>
|
||
|
||
自定义指标HPA
|
||
|
||
</a>
|
||
|
||
|
||
|
||
</li>
|
||
|
||
|
||
</ul>
|
||
|
||
</li>
|
||
|
||
<li class="chapter " data-level="3.3.17" data-path="../concepts/label.html">
|
||
|
||
<a href="../concepts/label.html">
|
||
|
||
|
||
<b>3.3.17.</b>
|
||
|
||
Label
|
||
|
||
</a>
|
||
|
||
|
||
|
||
</li>
|
||
|
||
<li class="chapter " data-level="3.3.18" data-path="../concepts/garbage-collection.html">
|
||
|
||
<a href="../concepts/garbage-collection.html">
|
||
|
||
|
||
<b>3.3.18.</b>
|
||
|
||
垃圾收集
|
||
|
||
</a>
|
||
|
||
|
||
|
||
</li>
|
||
|
||
<li class="chapter " data-level="3.3.19" data-path="../concepts/network-policy.html">
|
||
|
||
<a href="../concepts/network-policy.html">
|
||
|
||
|
||
<b>3.3.19.</b>
|
||
|
||
NetworkPolicy
|
||
|
||
</a>
|
||
|
||
|
||
|
||
</li>
|
||
|
||
<li class="chapter " data-level="3.3.20" data-path="../concepts/annotation.html">
|
||
|
||
<a href="../concepts/annotation.html">
|
||
|
||
|
||
<b>3.3.20.</b>
|
||
|
||
Annotation
|
||
|
||
</a>
|
||
|
||
|
||
|
||
</li>
|
||
|
||
<li class="chapter " data-level="3.3.21" data-path="../concepts/aggregated-api-server.html">
|
||
|
||
<a href="../concepts/aggregated-api-server.html">
|
||
|
||
|
||
<b>3.3.21.</b>
|
||
|
||
Aggregated API Server
|
||
|
||
</a>
|
||
|
||
|
||
|
||
</li>
|
||
|
||
<li class="chapter " data-level="3.3.22" data-path="../concepts/custom-resource.html">
|
||
|
||
<a href="../concepts/custom-resource.html">
|
||
|
||
|
||
<b>3.3.22.</b>
|
||
|
||
使用自定义资源扩展API
|
||
|
||
</a>
|
||
|
||
|
||
|
||
</li>
|
||
|
||
<li class="chapter " data-level="3.3.23" data-path="../concepts/apiservice.html">
|
||
|
||
<a href="../concepts/apiservice.html">
|
||
|
||
|
||
<b>3.3.23.</b>
|
||
|
||
APIService
|
||
|
||
</a>
|
||
|
||
|
||
|
||
</li>
|
||
|
||
|
||
</ul>
|
||
|
||
</li>
|
||
|
||
|
||
|
||
|
||
<li class="header">用户指南</li>
|
||
|
||
|
||
|
||
<li class="chapter " data-level="4.1" data-path="../guide/">
|
||
|
||
<a href="../guide/">
|
||
|
||
|
||
<b>4.1.</b>
|
||
|
||
用户指南
|
||
|
||
</a>
|
||
|
||
|
||
|
||
</li>
|
||
|
||
<li class="chapter " data-level="4.2" data-path="../guide/resource-configuration.html">
|
||
|
||
<a href="../guide/resource-configuration.html">
|
||
|
||
|
||
<b>4.2.</b>
|
||
|
||
资源对象配置
|
||
|
||
</a>
|
||
|
||
|
||
|
||
<ul class="articles">
|
||
|
||
|
||
<li class="chapter " data-level="4.2.1" data-path="../guide/configure-liveness-readiness-probes.html">
|
||
|
||
<a href="../guide/configure-liveness-readiness-probes.html">
|
||
|
||
|
||
<b>4.2.1.</b>
|
||
|
||
配置Pod的liveness和readiness探针
|
||
|
||
</a>
|
||
|
||
|
||
|
||
</li>
|
||
|
||
<li class="chapter " data-level="4.2.2" data-path="../guide/configure-pod-service-account.html">
|
||
|
||
<a href="../guide/configure-pod-service-account.html">
|
||
|
||
|
||
<b>4.2.2.</b>
|
||
|
||
配置Pod的Service Account
|
||
|
||
</a>
|
||
|
||
|
||
|
||
</li>
|
||
|
||
<li class="chapter " data-level="4.2.3" data-path="../guide/secret-configuration.html">
|
||
|
||
<a href="../guide/secret-configuration.html">
|
||
|
||
|
||
<b>4.2.3.</b>
|
||
|
||
Secret配置
|
||
|
||
</a>
|
||
|
||
|
||
|
||
</li>
|
||
|
||
<li class="chapter " data-level="4.2.4" data-path="../guide/resource-quota-management.html">
|
||
|
||
<a href="../guide/resource-quota-management.html">
|
||
|
||
|
||
<b>4.2.4.</b>
|
||
|
||
管理namespace中的资源配额
|
||
|
||
</a>
|
||
|
||
|
||
|
||
</li>
|
||
|
||
|
||
</ul>
|
||
|
||
</li>
|
||
|
||
<li class="chapter " data-level="4.3" data-path="../guide/command-usage.html">
|
||
|
||
<a href="../guide/command-usage.html">
|
||
|
||
|
||
<b>4.3.</b>
|
||
|
||
命令使用
|
||
|
||
</a>
|
||
|
||
|
||
|
||
<ul class="articles">
|
||
|
||
|
||
<li class="chapter " data-level="4.3.1" data-path="../guide/docker-cli-to-kubectl.html">
|
||
|
||
<a href="../guide/docker-cli-to-kubectl.html">
|
||
|
||
|
||
<b>4.3.1.</b>
|
||
|
||
docker用户过度到kubectl命令行指南
|
||
|
||
</a>
|
||
|
||
|
||
|
||
</li>
|
||
|
||
<li class="chapter " data-level="4.3.2" data-path="../guide/using-kubectl.html">
|
||
|
||
<a href="../guide/using-kubectl.html">
|
||
|
||
|
||
<b>4.3.2.</b>
|
||
|
||
kubectl命令概览
|
||
|
||
</a>
|
||
|
||
|
||
|
||
</li>
|
||
|
||
<li class="chapter " data-level="4.3.3" data-path="../guide/kubectl-cheatsheet.html">
|
||
|
||
<a href="../guide/kubectl-cheatsheet.html">
|
||
|
||
|
||
<b>4.3.3.</b>
|
||
|
||
kubectl命令技巧大全
|
||
|
||
</a>
|
||
|
||
|
||
|
||
</li>
|
||
|
||
<li class="chapter " data-level="4.3.4" data-path="../guide/using-etcdctl-to-access-kubernetes-data.html">
|
||
|
||
<a href="../guide/using-etcdctl-to-access-kubernetes-data.html">
|
||
|
||
|
||
<b>4.3.4.</b>
|
||
|
||
使用etcdctl访问kuberentes数据
|
||
|
||
</a>
|
||
|
||
|
||
|
||
</li>
|
||
|
||
|
||
</ul>
|
||
|
||
</li>
|
||
|
||
<li class="chapter " data-level="4.4" data-path="../guide/cluster-security-management.html">
|
||
|
||
<a href="../guide/cluster-security-management.html">
|
||
|
||
|
||
<b>4.4.</b>
|
||
|
||
集群安全性管理
|
||
|
||
</a>
|
||
|
||
|
||
|
||
<ul class="articles">
|
||
|
||
|
||
<li class="chapter " data-level="4.4.1" data-path="../guide/managing-tls-in-a-cluster.html">
|
||
|
||
<a href="../guide/managing-tls-in-a-cluster.html">
|
||
|
||
|
||
<b>4.4.1.</b>
|
||
|
||
管理集群中的TLS
|
||
|
||
</a>
|
||
|
||
|
||
|
||
</li>
|
||
|
||
<li class="chapter " data-level="4.4.2" data-path="../guide/kubelet-authentication-authorization.html">
|
||
|
||
<a href="../guide/kubelet-authentication-authorization.html">
|
||
|
||
|
||
<b>4.4.2.</b>
|
||
|
||
kubelet的认证授权
|
||
|
||
</a>
|
||
|
||
|
||
|
||
</li>
|
||
|
||
<li class="chapter " data-level="4.4.3" data-path="../guide/tls-bootstrapping.html">
|
||
|
||
<a href="../guide/tls-bootstrapping.html">
|
||
|
||
|
||
<b>4.4.3.</b>
|
||
|
||
TLS bootstrap
|
||
|
||
</a>
|
||
|
||
|
||
|
||
</li>
|
||
|
||
<li class="chapter " data-level="4.4.4" data-path="../guide/kubectl-user-authentication-authorization.html">
|
||
|
||
<a href="../guide/kubectl-user-authentication-authorization.html">
|
||
|
||
|
||
<b>4.4.4.</b>
|
||
|
||
创建用户认证授权的kubeconfig文件
|
||
|
||
</a>
|
||
|
||
|
||
|
||
</li>
|
||
|
||
<li class="chapter " data-level="4.4.5" data-path="../guide/rbac.html">
|
||
|
||
<a href="../guide/rbac.html">
|
||
|
||
|
||
<b>4.4.5.</b>
|
||
|
||
RBAC——基于角色的访问控制
|
||
|
||
</a>
|
||
|
||
|
||
|
||
</li>
|
||
|
||
<li class="chapter " data-level="4.4.6" data-path="../guide/ip-masq-agent.html">
|
||
|
||
<a href="../guide/ip-masq-agent.html">
|
||
|
||
|
||
<b>4.4.6.</b>
|
||
|
||
IP伪装代理
|
||
|
||
</a>
|
||
|
||
|
||
|
||
</li>
|
||
|
||
<li class="chapter " data-level="4.4.7" data-path="../guide/auth-with-kubeconfig-or-token.html">
|
||
|
||
<a href="../guide/auth-with-kubeconfig-or-token.html">
|
||
|
||
|
||
<b>4.4.7.</b>
|
||
|
||
使用kubeconfig或token进行用户身份认证
|
||
|
||
</a>
|
||
|
||
|
||
|
||
</li>
|
||
|
||
<li class="chapter " data-level="4.4.8" data-path="../guide/authentication.html">
|
||
|
||
<a href="../guide/authentication.html">
|
||
|
||
|
||
<b>4.4.8.</b>
|
||
|
||
kubernetes中的用户与身份认证授权
|
||
|
||
</a>
|
||
|
||
|
||
|
||
</li>
|
||
|
||
|
||
</ul>
|
||
|
||
</li>
|
||
|
||
<li class="chapter " data-level="4.5" data-path="../guide/access-kubernetes-cluster.html">
|
||
|
||
<a href="../guide/access-kubernetes-cluster.html">
|
||
|
||
|
||
<b>4.5.</b>
|
||
|
||
访问Kubernetes集群
|
||
|
||
</a>
|
||
|
||
|
||
|
||
<ul class="articles">
|
||
|
||
|
||
<li class="chapter " data-level="4.5.1" data-path="../guide/access-cluster.html">
|
||
|
||
<a href="../guide/access-cluster.html">
|
||
|
||
|
||
<b>4.5.1.</b>
|
||
|
||
访问集群
|
||
|
||
</a>
|
||
|
||
|
||
|
||
</li>
|
||
|
||
<li class="chapter " data-level="4.5.2" data-path="../guide/authenticate-across-clusters-kubeconfig.html">
|
||
|
||
<a href="../guide/authenticate-across-clusters-kubeconfig.html">
|
||
|
||
|
||
<b>4.5.2.</b>
|
||
|
||
使用kubeconfig文件配置跨集群认证
|
||
|
||
</a>
|
||
|
||
|
||
|
||
</li>
|
||
|
||
<li class="chapter " data-level="4.5.3" data-path="../guide/connecting-to-applications-port-forward.html">
|
||
|
||
<a href="../guide/connecting-to-applications-port-forward.html">
|
||
|
||
|
||
<b>4.5.3.</b>
|
||
|
||
通过端口转发访问集群中的应用程序
|
||
|
||
</a>
|
||
|
||
|
||
|
||
</li>
|
||
|
||
<li class="chapter " data-level="4.5.4" data-path="../guide/service-access-application-cluster.html">
|
||
|
||
<a href="../guide/service-access-application-cluster.html">
|
||
|
||
|
||
<b>4.5.4.</b>
|
||
|
||
使用service访问群集中的应用程序
|
||
|
||
</a>
|
||
|
||
|
||
|
||
</li>
|
||
|
||
<li class="chapter " data-level="4.5.5" data-path="../guide/accessing-kubernetes-pods-from-outside-of-the-cluster.html">
|
||
|
||
<a href="../guide/accessing-kubernetes-pods-from-outside-of-the-cluster.html">
|
||
|
||
|
||
<b>4.5.5.</b>
|
||
|
||
从外部访问Kubernetes中的Pod
|
||
|
||
</a>
|
||
|
||
|
||
|
||
</li>
|
||
|
||
<li class="chapter " data-level="4.5.6" data-path="../guide/carbin-mobile-dashboard-for-kubernetes.html">
|
||
|
||
<a href="../guide/carbin-mobile-dashboard-for-kubernetes.html">
|
||
|
||
|
||
<b>4.5.6.</b>
|
||
|
||
Carbin - Kuberentes手机客户端
|
||
|
||
</a>
|
||
|
||
|
||
|
||
</li>
|
||
|
||
<li class="chapter " data-level="4.5.7" data-path="../guide/kubernetes-desktop-client.html">
|
||
|
||
<a href="../guide/kubernetes-desktop-client.html">
|
||
|
||
|
||
<b>4.5.7.</b>
|
||
|
||
Kubernetic - Kubernetes桌面客户端
|
||
|
||
</a>
|
||
|
||
|
||
|
||
</li>
|
||
|
||
|
||
</ul>
|
||
|
||
</li>
|
||
|
||
<li class="chapter " data-level="4.6" data-path="../guide/application-development-deployment-flow.html">
|
||
|
||
<a href="../guide/application-development-deployment-flow.html">
|
||
|
||
|
||
<b>4.6.</b>
|
||
|
||
在kubernetes中开发部署应用
|
||
|
||
</a>
|
||
|
||
|
||
|
||
<ul class="articles">
|
||
|
||
|
||
<li class="chapter " data-level="4.6.1" data-path="../guide/deploy-applications-in-kubernetes.html">
|
||
|
||
<a href="../guide/deploy-applications-in-kubernetes.html">
|
||
|
||
|
||
<b>4.6.1.</b>
|
||
|
||
适用于kubernetes的应用开发部署流程
|
||
|
||
</a>
|
||
|
||
|
||
|
||
</li>
|
||
|
||
<li class="chapter " data-level="4.6.2" data-path="../guide/migrating-hadoop-yarn-to-kubernetes.html">
|
||
|
||
<a href="../guide/migrating-hadoop-yarn-to-kubernetes.html">
|
||
|
||
|
||
<b>4.6.2.</b>
|
||
|
||
迁移传统应用到kubernetes中——以Hadoop YARN为例
|
||
|
||
</a>
|
||
|
||
|
||
|
||
</li>
|
||
|
||
<li class="chapter " data-level="4.6.3" data-path="../guide/using-statefulset.html">
|
||
|
||
<a href="../guide/using-statefulset.html">
|
||
|
||
|
||
<b>4.6.3.</b>
|
||
|
||
使用StatefulSet部署用状态应用
|
||
|
||
</a>
|
||
|
||
|
||
|
||
</li>
|
||
|
||
|
||
</ul>
|
||
|
||
</li>
|
||
|
||
|
||
|
||
|
||
<li class="header">最佳实践</li>
|
||
|
||
|
||
|
||
<li class="chapter " data-level="5.1" data-path="../practice/">
|
||
|
||
<a href="../practice/">
|
||
|
||
|
||
<b>5.1.</b>
|
||
|
||
最佳实践概览
|
||
|
||
</a>
|
||
|
||
|
||
|
||
</li>
|
||
|
||
<li class="chapter " data-level="5.2" data-path="../practice/install-kubernetes-on-centos.html">
|
||
|
||
<a href="../practice/install-kubernetes-on-centos.html">
|
||
|
||
|
||
<b>5.2.</b>
|
||
|
||
在CentOS上部署kubernetes集群
|
||
|
||
</a>
|
||
|
||
|
||
|
||
<ul class="articles">
|
||
|
||
|
||
<li class="chapter " data-level="5.2.1" data-path="../practice/create-tls-and-secret-key.html">
|
||
|
||
<a href="../practice/create-tls-and-secret-key.html">
|
||
|
||
|
||
<b>5.2.1.</b>
|
||
|
||
创建TLS证书和秘钥
|
||
|
||
</a>
|
||
|
||
|
||
|
||
</li>
|
||
|
||
<li class="chapter " data-level="5.2.2" data-path="../practice/create-kubeconfig.html">
|
||
|
||
<a href="../practice/create-kubeconfig.html">
|
||
|
||
|
||
<b>5.2.2.</b>
|
||
|
||
创建kubeconfig文件
|
||
|
||
</a>
|
||
|
||
|
||
|
||
</li>
|
||
|
||
<li class="chapter " data-level="5.2.3" data-path="../practice/etcd-cluster-installation.html">
|
||
|
||
<a href="../practice/etcd-cluster-installation.html">
|
||
|
||
|
||
<b>5.2.3.</b>
|
||
|
||
创建高可用etcd集群
|
||
|
||
</a>
|
||
|
||
|
||
|
||
</li>
|
||
|
||
<li class="chapter " data-level="5.2.4" data-path="../practice/kubectl-installation.html">
|
||
|
||
<a href="../practice/kubectl-installation.html">
|
||
|
||
|
||
<b>5.2.4.</b>
|
||
|
||
安装kubectl命令行工具
|
||
|
||
</a>
|
||
|
||
|
||
|
||
</li>
|
||
|
||
<li class="chapter " data-level="5.2.5" data-path="../practice/master-installation.html">
|
||
|
||
<a href="../practice/master-installation.html">
|
||
|
||
|
||
<b>5.2.5.</b>
|
||
|
||
部署master节点
|
||
|
||
</a>
|
||
|
||
|
||
|
||
</li>
|
||
|
||
<li class="chapter " data-level="5.2.6" data-path="../practice/flannel-installation.html">
|
||
|
||
<a href="../practice/flannel-installation.html">
|
||
|
||
|
||
<b>5.2.6.</b>
|
||
|
||
安装flannel网络插件
|
||
|
||
</a>
|
||
|
||
|
||
|
||
</li>
|
||
|
||
<li class="chapter " data-level="5.2.7" data-path="../practice/node-installation.html">
|
||
|
||
<a href="../practice/node-installation.html">
|
||
|
||
|
||
<b>5.2.7.</b>
|
||
|
||
部署node节点
|
||
|
||
</a>
|
||
|
||
|
||
|
||
</li>
|
||
|
||
<li class="chapter " data-level="5.2.8" data-path="../practice/kubedns-addon-installation.html">
|
||
|
||
<a href="../practice/kubedns-addon-installation.html">
|
||
|
||
|
||
<b>5.2.8.</b>
|
||
|
||
安装kubedns插件
|
||
|
||
</a>
|
||
|
||
|
||
|
||
</li>
|
||
|
||
<li class="chapter " data-level="5.2.9" data-path="../practice/dashboard-addon-installation.html">
|
||
|
||
<a href="../practice/dashboard-addon-installation.html">
|
||
|
||
|
||
<b>5.2.9.</b>
|
||
|
||
安装dashboard插件
|
||
|
||
</a>
|
||
|
||
|
||
|
||
</li>
|
||
|
||
<li class="chapter " data-level="5.2.10" data-path="../practice/heapster-addon-installation.html">
|
||
|
||
<a href="../practice/heapster-addon-installation.html">
|
||
|
||
|
||
<b>5.2.10.</b>
|
||
|
||
安装heapster插件
|
||
|
||
</a>
|
||
|
||
|
||
|
||
</li>
|
||
|
||
<li class="chapter " data-level="5.2.11" data-path="../practice/efk-addon-installation.html">
|
||
|
||
<a href="../practice/efk-addon-installation.html">
|
||
|
||
|
||
<b>5.2.11.</b>
|
||
|
||
安装EFK插件
|
||
|
||
</a>
|
||
|
||
|
||
|
||
</li>
|
||
|
||
|
||
</ul>
|
||
|
||
</li>
|
||
|
||
<li class="chapter " data-level="5.3" data-path="../practice/service-discovery-and-loadbalancing.html">
|
||
|
||
<a href="../practice/service-discovery-and-loadbalancing.html">
|
||
|
||
|
||
<b>5.3.</b>
|
||
|
||
服务发现与负载均衡
|
||
|
||
</a>
|
||
|
||
|
||
|
||
<ul class="articles">
|
||
|
||
|
||
<li class="chapter " data-level="5.3.1" data-path="../practice/traefik-ingress-installation.html">
|
||
|
||
<a href="../practice/traefik-ingress-installation.html">
|
||
|
||
|
||
<b>5.3.1.</b>
|
||
|
||
安装Traefik ingress
|
||
|
||
</a>
|
||
|
||
|
||
|
||
</li>
|
||
|
||
<li class="chapter " data-level="5.3.2" data-path="../practice/distributed-load-test.html">
|
||
|
||
<a href="../practice/distributed-load-test.html">
|
||
|
||
|
||
<b>5.3.2.</b>
|
||
|
||
分布式负载测试
|
||
|
||
</a>
|
||
|
||
|
||
|
||
</li>
|
||
|
||
<li class="chapter " data-level="5.3.3" data-path="../practice/network-and-cluster-perfermance-test.html">
|
||
|
||
<a href="../practice/network-and-cluster-perfermance-test.html">
|
||
|
||
|
||
<b>5.3.3.</b>
|
||
|
||
网络和集群性能测试
|
||
|
||
</a>
|
||
|
||
|
||
|
||
</li>
|
||
|
||
<li class="chapter " data-level="5.3.4" data-path="../practice/edge-node-configuration.html">
|
||
|
||
<a href="../practice/edge-node-configuration.html">
|
||
|
||
|
||
<b>5.3.4.</b>
|
||
|
||
边缘节点配置
|
||
|
||
</a>
|
||
|
||
|
||
|
||
</li>
|
||
|
||
<li class="chapter " data-level="5.3.5" data-path="../practice/nginx-ingress-installation.html">
|
||
|
||
<a href="../practice/nginx-ingress-installation.html">
|
||
|
||
|
||
<b>5.3.5.</b>
|
||
|
||
安装Nginx ingress
|
||
|
||
</a>
|
||
|
||
|
||
|
||
</li>
|
||
|
||
|
||
</ul>
|
||
|
||
</li>
|
||
|
||
<li class="chapter " data-level="5.4" data-path="../practice/operation.html">
|
||
|
||
<a href="../practice/operation.html">
|
||
|
||
|
||
<b>5.4.</b>
|
||
|
||
运维管理
|
||
|
||
</a>
|
||
|
||
|
||
|
||
<ul class="articles">
|
||
|
||
|
||
<li class="chapter " data-level="5.4.1" data-path="../practice/service-rolling-update.html">
|
||
|
||
<a href="../practice/service-rolling-update.html">
|
||
|
||
|
||
<b>5.4.1.</b>
|
||
|
||
服务滚动升级
|
||
|
||
</a>
|
||
|
||
|
||
|
||
</li>
|
||
|
||
<li class="chapter " data-level="5.4.2" data-path="../practice/app-log-collection.html">
|
||
|
||
<a href="../practice/app-log-collection.html">
|
||
|
||
|
||
<b>5.4.2.</b>
|
||
|
||
应用日志收集
|
||
|
||
</a>
|
||
|
||
|
||
|
||
</li>
|
||
|
||
<li class="chapter " data-level="5.4.3" data-path="../practice/configuration-best-practice.html">
|
||
|
||
<a href="../practice/configuration-best-practice.html">
|
||
|
||
|
||
<b>5.4.3.</b>
|
||
|
||
配置最佳实践
|
||
|
||
</a>
|
||
|
||
|
||
|
||
</li>
|
||
|
||
<li class="chapter " data-level="5.4.4" data-path="../practice/monitor.html">
|
||
|
||
<a href="../practice/monitor.html">
|
||
|
||
|
||
<b>5.4.4.</b>
|
||
|
||
集群及应用监控
|
||
|
||
</a>
|
||
|
||
|
||
|
||
</li>
|
||
|
||
<li class="chapter " data-level="5.4.5" data-path="../practice/data-persistence-problem.html">
|
||
|
||
<a href="../practice/data-persistence-problem.html">
|
||
|
||
|
||
<b>5.4.5.</b>
|
||
|
||
数据持久化问题
|
||
|
||
</a>
|
||
|
||
|
||
|
||
</li>
|
||
|
||
<li class="chapter " data-level="5.4.6" data-path="../practice/manage-compute-resources-container.html">
|
||
|
||
<a href="../practice/manage-compute-resources-container.html">
|
||
|
||
|
||
<b>5.4.6.</b>
|
||
|
||
管理容器的计算资源
|
||
|
||
</a>
|
||
|
||
|
||
|
||
</li>
|
||
|
||
|
||
</ul>
|
||
|
||
</li>
|
||
|
||
<li class="chapter " data-level="5.5" data-path="../practice/storage.html">
|
||
|
||
<a href="../practice/storage.html">
|
||
|
||
|
||
<b>5.5.</b>
|
||
|
||
存储管理
|
||
|
||
</a>
|
||
|
||
|
||
|
||
<ul class="articles">
|
||
|
||
|
||
<li class="chapter " data-level="5.5.1" data-path="../practice/glusterfs.html">
|
||
|
||
<a href="../practice/glusterfs.html">
|
||
|
||
|
||
<b>5.5.1.</b>
|
||
|
||
GlusterFS
|
||
|
||
</a>
|
||
|
||
|
||
|
||
<ul class="articles">
|
||
|
||
|
||
<li class="chapter " data-level="5.5.1.1" data-path="../practice/using-glusterfs-for-persistent-storage.html">
|
||
|
||
<a href="../practice/using-glusterfs-for-persistent-storage.html">
|
||
|
||
|
||
<b>5.5.1.1.</b>
|
||
|
||
使用GlusterFS做持久化存储
|
||
|
||
</a>
|
||
|
||
|
||
|
||
</li>
|
||
|
||
<li class="chapter " data-level="5.5.1.2" data-path="../practice/storage-for-containers-using-glusterfs-with-openshift.html">
|
||
|
||
<a href="../practice/storage-for-containers-using-glusterfs-with-openshift.html">
|
||
|
||
|
||
<b>5.5.1.2.</b>
|
||
|
||
在OpenShift中使用GlusterFS做持久化存储
|
||
|
||
</a>
|
||
|
||
|
||
|
||
</li>
|
||
|
||
|
||
</ul>
|
||
|
||
</li>
|
||
|
||
<li class="chapter " data-level="5.5.2" data-path="../practice/cephfs.html">
|
||
|
||
<a href="../practice/cephfs.html">
|
||
|
||
|
||
<b>5.5.2.</b>
|
||
|
||
CephFS
|
||
|
||
</a>
|
||
|
||
|
||
|
||
<ul class="articles">
|
||
|
||
|
||
<li class="chapter " data-level="5.5.2.1" data-path="../practice/using-ceph-for-persistent-storage.html">
|
||
|
||
<a href="../practice/using-ceph-for-persistent-storage.html">
|
||
|
||
|
||
<b>5.5.2.1.</b>
|
||
|
||
使用Ceph做持久化存储
|
||
|
||
</a>
|
||
|
||
|
||
|
||
</li>
|
||
|
||
|
||
</ul>
|
||
|
||
</li>
|
||
|
||
|
||
</ul>
|
||
|
||
</li>
|
||
|
||
<li class="chapter " data-level="5.6" data-path="../practice/monitoring.html">
|
||
|
||
<a href="../practice/monitoring.html">
|
||
|
||
|
||
<b>5.6.</b>
|
||
|
||
集群与应用监控
|
||
|
||
</a>
|
||
|
||
|
||
|
||
<ul class="articles">
|
||
|
||
|
||
<li class="chapter " data-level="5.6.1" data-path="../practice/heapster.html">
|
||
|
||
<a href="../practice/heapster.html">
|
||
|
||
|
||
<b>5.6.1.</b>
|
||
|
||
Heapster
|
||
|
||
</a>
|
||
|
||
|
||
|
||
<ul class="articles">
|
||
|
||
|
||
<li class="chapter " data-level="5.6.1.1" data-path="../practice/using-heapster-to-get-object-metrics.html">
|
||
|
||
<a href="../practice/using-heapster-to-get-object-metrics.html">
|
||
|
||
|
||
<b>5.6.1.1.</b>
|
||
|
||
使用Heapster获取集群和对象的metric数据
|
||
|
||
</a>
|
||
|
||
|
||
|
||
</li>
|
||
|
||
|
||
</ul>
|
||
|
||
</li>
|
||
|
||
<li class="chapter " data-level="5.6.2" data-path="../practice/prometheus.html">
|
||
|
||
<a href="../practice/prometheus.html">
|
||
|
||
|
||
<b>5.6.2.</b>
|
||
|
||
Prometheus
|
||
|
||
</a>
|
||
|
||
|
||
|
||
<ul class="articles">
|
||
|
||
|
||
<li class="chapter " data-level="5.6.2.1" data-path="../practice/using-prometheus-to-monitor-kuberentes-cluster.html">
|
||
|
||
<a href="../practice/using-prometheus-to-monitor-kuberentes-cluster.html">
|
||
|
||
|
||
<b>5.6.2.1.</b>
|
||
|
||
使用Prometheus监控kubernetes集群
|
||
|
||
</a>
|
||
|
||
|
||
|
||
</li>
|
||
|
||
|
||
</ul>
|
||
|
||
</li>
|
||
|
||
|
||
</ul>
|
||
|
||
</li>
|
||
|
||
<li class="chapter " data-level="5.7" data-path="../practice/services-management-tool.html">
|
||
|
||
<a href="../practice/services-management-tool.html">
|
||
|
||
|
||
<b>5.7.</b>
|
||
|
||
服务编排管理
|
||
|
||
</a>
|
||
|
||
|
||
|
||
<ul class="articles">
|
||
|
||
|
||
<li class="chapter " data-level="5.7.1" data-path="../practice/helm.html">
|
||
|
||
<a href="../practice/helm.html">
|
||
|
||
|
||
<b>5.7.1.</b>
|
||
|
||
使用Helm管理kubernetes应用
|
||
|
||
</a>
|
||
|
||
|
||
|
||
</li>
|
||
|
||
<li class="chapter " data-level="5.7.2" data-path="../practice/create-private-charts-repo.html">
|
||
|
||
<a href="../practice/create-private-charts-repo.html">
|
||
|
||
|
||
<b>5.7.2.</b>
|
||
|
||
构建私有Chart仓库
|
||
|
||
</a>
|
||
|
||
|
||
|
||
</li>
|
||
|
||
|
||
</ul>
|
||
|
||
</li>
|
||
|
||
<li class="chapter " data-level="5.8" data-path="../practice/ci-cd.html">
|
||
|
||
<a href="../practice/ci-cd.html">
|
||
|
||
|
||
<b>5.8.</b>
|
||
|
||
持续集成与发布
|
||
|
||
</a>
|
||
|
||
|
||
|
||
<ul class="articles">
|
||
|
||
|
||
<li class="chapter " data-level="5.8.1" data-path="../practice/jenkins-ci-cd.html">
|
||
|
||
<a href="../practice/jenkins-ci-cd.html">
|
||
|
||
|
||
<b>5.8.1.</b>
|
||
|
||
使用Jenkins进行持续集成与发布
|
||
|
||
</a>
|
||
|
||
|
||
|
||
</li>
|
||
|
||
<li class="chapter " data-level="5.8.2" data-path="../practice/drone-ci-cd.html">
|
||
|
||
<a href="../practice/drone-ci-cd.html">
|
||
|
||
|
||
<b>5.8.2.</b>
|
||
|
||
使用Drone进行持续集成与发布
|
||
|
||
</a>
|
||
|
||
|
||
|
||
</li>
|
||
|
||
|
||
</ul>
|
||
|
||
</li>
|
||
|
||
<li class="chapter " data-level="5.9" data-path="../practice/update-and-upgrade.html">
|
||
|
||
<a href="../practice/update-and-upgrade.html">
|
||
|
||
|
||
<b>5.9.</b>
|
||
|
||
更新与升级
|
||
|
||
</a>
|
||
|
||
|
||
|
||
<ul class="articles">
|
||
|
||
|
||
<li class="chapter " data-level="5.9.1" data-path="../practice/manually-upgrade.html">
|
||
|
||
<a href="../practice/manually-upgrade.html">
|
||
|
||
|
||
<b>5.9.1.</b>
|
||
|
||
手动升级kubernetes集群
|
||
|
||
</a>
|
||
|
||
|
||
|
||
</li>
|
||
|
||
<li class="chapter " data-level="5.9.2" data-path="../practice/dashboard-upgrade.html">
|
||
|
||
<a href="../practice/dashboard-upgrade.html">
|
||
|
||
|
||
<b>5.9.2.</b>
|
||
|
||
升级dashboard
|
||
|
||
</a>
|
||
|
||
|
||
|
||
</li>
|
||
|
||
|
||
</ul>
|
||
|
||
</li>
|
||
|
||
|
||
|
||
|
||
<li class="header">领域应用</li>
|
||
|
||
|
||
|
||
<li class="chapter " data-level="6.1" data-path="../usecases/">
|
||
|
||
<a href="../usecases/">
|
||
|
||
|
||
<b>6.1.</b>
|
||
|
||
领域应用概览
|
||
|
||
</a>
|
||
|
||
|
||
|
||
</li>
|
||
|
||
<li class="chapter " data-level="6.2" data-path="../usecases/microservices.html">
|
||
|
||
<a href="../usecases/microservices.html">
|
||
|
||
|
||
<b>6.2.</b>
|
||
|
||
微服务架构
|
||
|
||
</a>
|
||
|
||
|
||
|
||
<ul class="articles">
|
||
|
||
|
||
<li class="chapter " data-level="6.2.1" data-path="../usecases/service-discovery-in-microservices.html">
|
||
|
||
<a href="../usecases/service-discovery-in-microservices.html">
|
||
|
||
|
||
<b>6.2.1.</b>
|
||
|
||
微服务中的服务发现
|
||
|
||
</a>
|
||
|
||
|
||
|
||
</li>
|
||
|
||
|
||
</ul>
|
||
|
||
</li>
|
||
|
||
<li class="chapter " data-level="6.3" data-path="../usecases/service-mesh.html">
|
||
|
||
<a href="../usecases/service-mesh.html">
|
||
|
||
|
||
<b>6.3.</b>
|
||
|
||
Service Mesh 服务网格
|
||
|
||
</a>
|
||
|
||
|
||
|
||
<ul class="articles">
|
||
|
||
|
||
<li class="chapter " data-level="6.3.1" data-path="../usecases/istio.html">
|
||
|
||
<a href="../usecases/istio.html">
|
||
|
||
|
||
<b>6.3.1.</b>
|
||
|
||
Istio
|
||
|
||
</a>
|
||
|
||
|
||
|
||
<ul class="articles">
|
||
|
||
|
||
<li class="chapter " data-level="6.3.1.1" data-path="../usecases/istio-installation.html">
|
||
|
||
<a href="../usecases/istio-installation.html">
|
||
|
||
|
||
<b>6.3.1.1.</b>
|
||
|
||
安装并试用Istio service mesh
|
||
|
||
</a>
|
||
|
||
|
||
|
||
</li>
|
||
|
||
<li class="chapter " data-level="6.3.1.2" data-path="../usecases/configuring-request-routing.html">
|
||
|
||
<a href="../usecases/configuring-request-routing.html">
|
||
|
||
|
||
<b>6.3.1.2.</b>
|
||
|
||
配置请求的路由规则
|
||
|
||
</a>
|
||
|
||
|
||
|
||
</li>
|
||
|
||
<li class="chapter " data-level="6.3.1.3" data-path="../usecases/install-and-expand-istio-mesh.html">
|
||
|
||
<a href="../usecases/install-and-expand-istio-mesh.html">
|
||
|
||
|
||
<b>6.3.1.3.</b>
|
||
|
||
安装和拓展Istio service mesh
|
||
|
||
</a>
|
||
|
||
|
||
|
||
</li>
|
||
|
||
<li class="chapter " data-level="6.3.1.4" data-path="../usecases/integrating-vms.html">
|
||
|
||
<a href="../usecases/integrating-vms.html">
|
||
|
||
|
||
<b>6.3.1.4.</b>
|
||
|
||
集成虚拟机
|
||
|
||
</a>
|
||
|
||
|
||
|
||
</li>
|
||
|
||
|
||
</ul>
|
||
|
||
</li>
|
||
|
||
<li class="chapter " data-level="6.3.2" data-path="../usecases/linkerd.html">
|
||
|
||
<a href="../usecases/linkerd.html">
|
||
|
||
|
||
<b>6.3.2.</b>
|
||
|
||
Linkerd
|
||
|
||
</a>
|
||
|
||
|
||
|
||
<ul class="articles">
|
||
|
||
|
||
<li class="chapter " data-level="6.3.2.1" data-path="../usecases/linkerd-user-guide.html">
|
||
|
||
<a href="../usecases/linkerd-user-guide.html">
|
||
|
||
|
||
<b>6.3.2.1.</b>
|
||
|
||
Linkerd 使用指南
|
||
|
||
</a>
|
||
|
||
|
||
|
||
</li>
|
||
|
||
|
||
</ul>
|
||
|
||
</li>
|
||
|
||
<li class="chapter " data-level="6.3.3" data-path="../usecases/conduit.html">
|
||
|
||
<a href="../usecases/conduit.html">
|
||
|
||
|
||
<b>6.3.3.</b>
|
||
|
||
Conduit
|
||
|
||
</a>
|
||
|
||
|
||
|
||
<ul class="articles">
|
||
|
||
|
||
<li class="chapter " data-level="6.3.3.1" data-path="../usecases/conduit-overview.html">
|
||
|
||
<a href="../usecases/conduit-overview.html">
|
||
|
||
|
||
<b>6.3.3.1.</b>
|
||
|
||
Condiut概览
|
||
|
||
</a>
|
||
|
||
|
||
|
||
</li>
|
||
|
||
<li class="chapter " data-level="6.3.3.2" data-path="../usecases/conduit-installation.html">
|
||
|
||
<a href="../usecases/conduit-installation.html">
|
||
|
||
|
||
<b>6.3.3.2.</b>
|
||
|
||
安装Conduit
|
||
|
||
</a>
|
||
|
||
|
||
|
||
</li>
|
||
|
||
|
||
</ul>
|
||
|
||
</li>
|
||
|
||
|
||
</ul>
|
||
|
||
</li>
|
||
|
||
<li class="chapter " data-level="6.4" data-path="../usecases/big-data.html">
|
||
|
||
<a href="../usecases/big-data.html">
|
||
|
||
|
||
<b>6.4.</b>
|
||
|
||
大数据
|
||
|
||
</a>
|
||
|
||
|
||
|
||
<ul class="articles">
|
||
|
||
|
||
<li class="chapter " data-level="6.4.1" data-path="../usecases/spark-standalone-on-kubernetes.html">
|
||
|
||
<a href="../usecases/spark-standalone-on-kubernetes.html">
|
||
|
||
|
||
<b>6.4.1.</b>
|
||
|
||
Spark standalone on Kubernetes
|
||
|
||
</a>
|
||
|
||
|
||
|
||
</li>
|
||
|
||
<li class="chapter " data-level="6.4.2" data-path="../usecases/running-spark-with-kubernetes-native-scheduler.html">
|
||
|
||
<a href="../usecases/running-spark-with-kubernetes-native-scheduler.html">
|
||
|
||
|
||
<b>6.4.2.</b>
|
||
|
||
运行支持kubernetes原生调度的Spark程序
|
||
|
||
</a>
|
||
|
||
|
||
|
||
</li>
|
||
|
||
|
||
</ul>
|
||
|
||
</li>
|
||
|
||
<li class="chapter " data-level="6.5" data-path="../usecases/serverless.html">
|
||
|
||
<a href="../usecases/serverless.html">
|
||
|
||
|
||
<b>6.5.</b>
|
||
|
||
Serverless架构
|
||
|
||
</a>
|
||
|
||
|
||
|
||
<ul class="articles">
|
||
|
||
|
||
<li class="chapter " data-level="6.5.1" data-path="../usecases/understanding-serverless.html">
|
||
|
||
<a href="../usecases/understanding-serverless.html">
|
||
|
||
|
||
<b>6.5.1.</b>
|
||
|
||
理解Serverless
|
||
|
||
</a>
|
||
|
||
|
||
|
||
</li>
|
||
|
||
<li class="chapter " data-level="6.5.2" data-path="../usecases/faas.html">
|
||
|
||
<a href="../usecases/faas.html">
|
||
|
||
|
||
<b>6.5.2.</b>
|
||
|
||
FaaS-函数即服务
|
||
|
||
</a>
|
||
|
||
|
||
|
||
<ul class="articles">
|
||
|
||
|
||
<li class="chapter " data-level="6.5.2.1" data-path="../usecases/openfaas.html">
|
||
|
||
<a href="../usecases/openfaas.html">
|
||
|
||
|
||
<b>6.5.2.1.</b>
|
||
|
||
OpenFaaS
|
||
|
||
</a>
|
||
|
||
|
||
|
||
</li>
|
||
|
||
|
||
</ul>
|
||
|
||
</li>
|
||
|
||
|
||
</ul>
|
||
|
||
</li>
|
||
|
||
<li class="chapter " data-level="6.6" data-path="../usecases/edge-computing.html">
|
||
|
||
<a href="../usecases/edge-computing.html">
|
||
|
||
|
||
<b>6.6.</b>
|
||
|
||
边缘计算
|
||
|
||
</a>
|
||
|
||
|
||
|
||
</li>
|
||
|
||
|
||
|
||
|
||
<li class="header">开发指南</li>
|
||
|
||
|
||
|
||
<li class="chapter " data-level="7.1" data-path="../develop/">
|
||
|
||
<a href="../develop/">
|
||
|
||
|
||
<b>7.1.</b>
|
||
|
||
开发指南概览
|
||
|
||
</a>
|
||
|
||
|
||
|
||
</li>
|
||
|
||
<li class="chapter " data-level="7.2" data-path="../develop/sigs-and-working-group.html">
|
||
|
||
<a href="../develop/sigs-and-working-group.html">
|
||
|
||
|
||
<b>7.2.</b>
|
||
|
||
SIG和工作组
|
||
|
||
</a>
|
||
|
||
|
||
|
||
</li>
|
||
|
||
<li class="chapter " data-level="7.3" data-path="../develop/developing-environment.html">
|
||
|
||
<a href="../develop/developing-environment.html">
|
||
|
||
|
||
<b>7.3.</b>
|
||
|
||
开发环境搭建
|
||
|
||
</a>
|
||
|
||
|
||
|
||
</li>
|
||
|
||
<li class="chapter " data-level="7.4" data-path="../develop/testing.html">
|
||
|
||
<a href="../develop/testing.html">
|
||
|
||
|
||
<b>7.4.</b>
|
||
|
||
单元测试和集成测试
|
||
|
||
</a>
|
||
|
||
|
||
|
||
</li>
|
||
|
||
<li class="chapter " data-level="7.5" data-path="../develop/client-go-sample.html">
|
||
|
||
<a href="../develop/client-go-sample.html">
|
||
|
||
|
||
<b>7.5.</b>
|
||
|
||
client-go示例
|
||
|
||
</a>
|
||
|
||
|
||
|
||
</li>
|
||
|
||
<li class="chapter " data-level="7.6" data-path="../develop/contribute.html">
|
||
|
||
<a href="../develop/contribute.html">
|
||
|
||
|
||
<b>7.6.</b>
|
||
|
||
社区贡献
|
||
|
||
</a>
|
||
|
||
|
||
|
||
</li>
|
||
|
||
<li class="chapter " data-level="7.7" data-path="../develop/minikube.html">
|
||
|
||
<a href="../develop/minikube.html">
|
||
|
||
|
||
<b>7.7.</b>
|
||
|
||
Minikube
|
||
|
||
</a>
|
||
|
||
|
||
|
||
</li>
|
||
|
||
|
||
|
||
|
||
<li class="header">附录</li>
|
||
|
||
|
||
|
||
<li class="chapter " data-level="8.1" data-path="../appendix/">
|
||
|
||
<a href="../appendix/">
|
||
|
||
|
||
<b>8.1.</b>
|
||
|
||
附录说明
|
||
|
||
</a>
|
||
|
||
|
||
|
||
</li>
|
||
|
||
<li class="chapter " data-level="8.2" data-path="../appendix/debug-kubernetes-services.html">
|
||
|
||
<a href="../appendix/debug-kubernetes-services.html">
|
||
|
||
|
||
<b>8.2.</b>
|
||
|
||
Kubernetes中的应用故障排查
|
||
|
||
</a>
|
||
|
||
|
||
|
||
</li>
|
||
|
||
<li class="chapter " data-level="8.3" data-path="../appendix/material-share.html">
|
||
|
||
<a href="../appendix/material-share.html">
|
||
|
||
|
||
<b>8.3.</b>
|
||
|
||
Kubernetes相关资讯和情报链接
|
||
|
||
</a>
|
||
|
||
|
||
|
||
</li>
|
||
|
||
<li class="chapter " data-level="8.4" data-path="../appendix/docker-best-practice.html">
|
||
|
||
<a href="../appendix/docker-best-practice.html">
|
||
|
||
|
||
<b>8.4.</b>
|
||
|
||
Docker最佳实践
|
||
|
||
</a>
|
||
|
||
|
||
|
||
</li>
|
||
|
||
<li class="chapter " data-level="8.5" data-path="../appendix/tricks.html">
|
||
|
||
<a href="../appendix/tricks.html">
|
||
|
||
|
||
<b>8.5.</b>
|
||
|
||
使用技巧
|
||
|
||
</a>
|
||
|
||
|
||
|
||
</li>
|
||
|
||
<li class="chapter " data-level="8.6" data-path="../appendix/issues.html">
|
||
|
||
<a href="../appendix/issues.html">
|
||
|
||
|
||
<b>8.6.</b>
|
||
|
||
问题记录
|
||
|
||
</a>
|
||
|
||
|
||
|
||
</li>
|
||
|
||
<li class="chapter " data-level="8.7" data-path="../appendix/kubernetes-changelog.html">
|
||
|
||
<a href="../appendix/kubernetes-changelog.html">
|
||
|
||
|
||
<b>8.7.</b>
|
||
|
||
kubernetes版本更新日志
|
||
|
||
</a>
|
||
|
||
|
||
|
||
<ul class="articles">
|
||
|
||
|
||
<li class="chapter " data-level="8.7.1" data-path="../appendix/kubernetes-1.7-changelog.html">
|
||
|
||
<a href="../appendix/kubernetes-1.7-changelog.html">
|
||
|
||
|
||
<b>8.7.1.</b>
|
||
|
||
Kubernetes1.7更新日志
|
||
|
||
</a>
|
||
|
||
|
||
|
||
</li>
|
||
|
||
<li class="chapter " data-level="8.7.2" data-path="../appendix/kubernetes-1.8-changelog.html">
|
||
|
||
<a href="../appendix/kubernetes-1.8-changelog.html">
|
||
|
||
|
||
<b>8.7.2.</b>
|
||
|
||
Kubernetes1.8更新日志
|
||
|
||
</a>
|
||
|
||
|
||
|
||
</li>
|
||
|
||
<li class="chapter " data-level="8.7.3" data-path="../appendix/kubernetes-1.9-changelog.html">
|
||
|
||
<a href="../appendix/kubernetes-1.9-changelog.html">
|
||
|
||
|
||
<b>8.7.3.</b>
|
||
|
||
Kubernetes1.9更新日志
|
||
|
||
</a>
|
||
|
||
|
||
|
||
</li>
|
||
|
||
|
||
</ul>
|
||
|
||
</li>
|
||
|
||
|
||
|
||
|
||
<li class="divider"></li>
|
||
|
||
<li>
|
||
<a href="https://www.gitbook.com" target="blank" class="gitbook-link">
|
||
本书使用 GitBook 发布
|
||
</a>
|
||
</li>
|
||
</ul>
|
||
|
||
|
||
</nav>
|
||
|
||
|
||
</div>
|
||
|
||
<div class="book-body">
|
||
|
||
<div class="body-inner">
|
||
|
||
|
||
|
||
<div class="book-header" role="navigation">
|
||
|
||
|
||
<!-- Title -->
|
||
<h1>
|
||
<i class="fa fa-circle-o-notch fa-spin"></i>
|
||
<a href=".." >云原生应用之路——从Kubernetes到Cloud Native</a>
|
||
</h1>
|
||
</div>
|
||
|
||
|
||
|
||
|
||
<div class="page-wrapper" tabindex="-1" role="main">
|
||
<div class="page-inner">
|
||
|
||
<div class="search-plus" id="book-search-results">
|
||
<div class="search-noresults">
|
||
|
||
<section class="normal markdown-section">
|
||
|
||
<h1 id="云原生应用之路——从kubernetes到cloud-native">云原生应用之路——从Kubernetes到Cloud Native</h1>
|
||
<p><strong>从Kubernetes到Cloud Native——云原生应用之路</strong>，这是我最近在 <a href="http://bj2017.archsummit.com/presentation/306" target="_blank">ArchSummit2017北京站</a> 和 <a href="https://www.kubernetes.org.cn/3211.html" target="_blank">数人云&TalkingData合办的Service Mesh is comming meetup</a> 中分享的话题。</p>
|
||
<p>本文简要介绍了容器技术发展的路径，为何Kubernetes的出现是容器技术发展到这一步的必然选择，而为何Kuberentes又将成为云原生应用的基石。</p>
|
||
<p>我的分享按照这样的主线展开：容器->Kubernetes->微服务->Cloud Native（云原生）->Service Mesh（服务网格）->使用场景->Open Source（开源）。</p>
|
||
<h2 id="容器">容器</h2>
|
||
<blockquote>
|
||
<p>容器——Cloud Native的基石</p>
|
||
</blockquote>
|
||
<figure id="fig2.2.1"><img src="https://res.cloudinary.com/jimmysong/image/upload/images/cloud-native-container-lab.jpg" alt="Cloud Native容器实验室"><figcaption>图片 - Cloud Native容器实验室</figcaption></figure>
|
||
<p>容器最初是通过开发者工具而流行，可以使用它来做隔离的开发测试环境和持续集成环境，这些都是因为容器轻量级，易于配置和使用带来的优势，docker和docker-compose这样的工具极大的方便的了应用开发环境的搭建，开发者就像是化学家一样在其中小心翼翼的进行各种调试和开发。</p>
|
||
<p>随着容器的在开发者中的普及，已经大家对CI流程的熟悉，容器周边的各种工具蓬勃发展，俨然形成了一个小生态，在2016年达到顶峰，下面这张是我画的容器生态图：</p>
|
||
<figure id="fig2.2.2"><img src="../images/container-ecosystem.png" alt="容器生态图 Container ecosystem"><figcaption>图片 - 容器生态图 Container ecosystem</figcaption></figure>
|
||
<p>该生态涵盖了容器应用中从镜像仓库、服务编排、安全管理、持续集成与发布、存储和网络管理等各个方面，随着在单主机中运行容器的成熟，集群管理和容器编排成为容器技术亟待解决的问题。譬如化学家在实验室中研究出来的新产品，如何推向市场，进行大规模生产，成了新的议题。</p>
|
||
<h2 id="为什么使用kubernetes">为什么使用Kubernetes</h2>
|
||
<blockquote>
|
||
<p>Kubernetes——让容器应用进入大规模工业生产。</p>
|
||
</blockquote>
|
||
<figure id="fig2.2.3"><img src="https://res.cloudinary.com/jimmysong/image/upload/images/cloud-native-oil-well.jpg" alt="Cloud Native油井"><figcaption>图片 - Cloud Native油井</figcaption></figure>
|
||
<p><strong>Kubernetes是容器编排系统的事实标准</strong></p>
|
||
<p>在单机上运行容器，无法发挥它的最大效能，只有形成集群，才能最大程度发挥容器的良好隔离、资源分配与编排管理的优势，而对于容器的编排管理，Swarm、Mesos和Kubernetes的大战已经基本宣告技术，kubernetes成为了无可争议的赢家。</p>
|
||
<p>下面这张图是Kubernetes的架构图（图片来自网络），其中显示了组件之间交互的接口CNI、CRI、OCI等，这些将Kubernetes与某款具体产品解耦，给用户最大的定制程度，使得Kubernetes有机会成为跨云的真正的云原生应用的操作系统。</p>
|
||
<figure id="fig2.2.4"><img src="../images/kubernetes-high-level-component-archtecture.jpg" alt="Kuberentes架构"><figcaption>图片 - Kuberentes架构</figcaption></figure>
|
||
<p>随着Kubernetes的日趋成熟，“Kubernetes is becoming boring”，基于该“操作系统”之上构建的适用于不同场景的应用将成为新的发展方向，就像我们将石油开采出来后，提炼出汽油、柴油、沥青等等，所有的材料都将找到自己的用途，Kubernetes也是，毕竟我们谁也不是为了部署和管理容器而用Kubernetes，承载其上的应用才是价值之所在。</p>
|
||
<p><strong>云原生的核心目标</strong></p>
|
||
<figure id="fig2.2.5"><img src="../images/cloud-native-core-target.jpg" alt="Cloud Native Core target"><figcaption>图片 - Cloud Native Core target</figcaption></figure>
|
||
<p>云已经可以为我们提供稳定可以唾手可得的基础设施，但是业务上云成了一个难题，Kubernetes的出现与其说是从最初的容器编排解决方案，倒不如说是为了解决应用上云（即云原生应用）这个难题。</p>
|
||
<p>包括微服务和FaaS/Serverless架构，都可以作为云原生应用的架构。</p>
|
||
<figure id="fig2.2.6"><img src="../images/redpoint-faas-landscape.jpg" alt="FaaS Landscape"><figcaption>图片 - FaaS Landscape</figcaption></figure>
|
||
<p>但就2017年为止，kubernetes的主要使用场景也主要作为应用开发测试环境、CI/CD和运行Web应用这几个领域，如下图<a href="http://thenewstack.io" target="_blank">TheNewStack</a>的Kubernetes生态状况调查报告所示。</p>
|
||
<figure id="fig2.2.7"><img src="https://res.cloudinary.com/jimmysong/image/upload/images/workloads-running-on-kubernetes-2017-thenewstack.jpg" alt="Workloads running on Kubernetes"><figcaption>图片 - Workloads running on Kubernetes</figcaption></figure>
|
||
<p>另外基于Kubernetes的构建PaaS平台和Serverless也处于爆发的准备的阶段，如下图中Gartner的报告中所示：</p>
|
||
<figure id="fig2.2.8"><img src="https://res.cloudinary.com/jimmysong/image/upload/images/gartner-hype-cycle-for-emerging-technologies-2017.jpg" alt="Gartner技术爆发趋势图2017"><figcaption>图片 - Gartner技术爆发趋势图2017</figcaption></figure>
|
||
<p>当前各大公有云如Google GKE、微软Azure ACS、亚马逊EKS（2018年上线）、VmWare、Pivotal、腾讯云、阿里云等都提供了Kuberentes服务。</p>
|
||
<h2 id="微服务">微服务</h2>
|
||
<blockquote>
|
||
<p>微服务——Cloud Native的应用架构。</p>
|
||
</blockquote>
|
||
<p>下图是<a href="https://developers.redhat.com/blog/author/bibryam/" target="_blank">Bilgin Ibryam</a>给出的微服务中应该关心的主题，图片来自<a href="https://developers.redhat.com/blog/2016/12/09/spring-cloud-for-microservices-compared-to-kubernetes/" target="_blank">RedHat Developers</a>。</p>
|
||
<figure id="fig2.2.9"><img src="../images/microservices-concerns.jpg" alt="Microservices concerns"><figcaption>图片 - Microservices concerns</figcaption></figure>
|
||
<p>微服务带给我们很多开发和部署上的灵活性和技术多样性，但是也增加了服务调用的开销、分布式系统管理、调试与服务治理方面的难题。</p>
|
||
<p>当前最成熟最完整的微服务框架可以说非<a href="https://spring.io/" target="_blank">Spring</a>莫属，而Spring又仅限于Java语言开发，其架构本身又跟Kubernetes存在很多重合的部分，如何探索将Kubernetes作为微服务架构平台就成为一个热点话题。</p>
|
||
<p>就拿微服务中最基础的<strong>服务注册发现</strong>功能来说，其方式分为<strong>客户端服务发现</strong>和<strong>服务端服务发现</strong>两种，Java应用中常用的方式是使用Eureka和Ribbon做服务注册发现和负载均衡，这属于客户端服务发现，而在Kubernetes中则可以使用DNS、Service和Ingress来实现，不需要修改应用代码，直接从网络层面来实现。</p>
|
||
<figure id="fig2.2.10"><img src="../images/service-discovery-in-microservices.png" alt="两种服务发现方式"><figcaption>图片 - 两种服务发现方式</figcaption></figure>
|
||
<h2 id="cloud-native">Cloud Native</h2>
|
||
<blockquote>
|
||
<p>DevOps——通向云原生的云梯</p>
|
||
</blockquote>
|
||
<figure id="fig2.2.11"><img src="https://res.cloudinary.com/jimmysong/image/upload/images/cloud-natvie-pipeline.jpg" alt="Cloud Native Pipeline"><figcaption>图片 - Cloud Native Pipeline</figcaption></figure>
|
||
<p>CNCF（云原生计算基金会）给出了云原生应用的三大特征：</p>
|
||
<ul>
|
||
<li><strong>容器化包装</strong>：软件应用的进程应该包装在容器中独立运行。</li>
|
||
<li><strong>动态管理</strong>：通过集中式的编排调度系统来动态的管理和调度。</li>
|
||
<li><strong>微服务化</strong>：明确服务间的依赖，互相解耦。</li>
|
||
</ul>
|
||
<p>下图是我整理的关于云原生所需要的能力和特征。</p>
|
||
<figure id="fig2.2.12"><img src="https://jimmysong.io/kubernetes-handbook/images/cloud-native-architecutre-mindnode.jpg" alt="Cloud Native Features"><figcaption>图片 - Cloud Native Features</figcaption></figure>
|
||
<p><a href="https://cncf.io" target="_blank">CNCF</a>所托管的应用（目前已达12个），即朝着这个目标发展，其公布的<a href="https://github.com/cncf/landscape" target="_blank">Cloud Native Landscape</a>，给出了云原生生态的参考体系。</p>
|
||
<figure id="fig2.2.13"><img src="https://raw.githubusercontent.com/cncf/landscape/master/landscape/CloudNativeLandscape_v1.0.jpg" alt="Cloud Native Landscape v1.0"><figcaption>图片 - Cloud Native Landscape v1.0</figcaption></figure>
|
||
<p><strong>使用Kubernetes构建云原生应用</strong></p>
|
||
<p>我们都是知道Heroku推出了适用于PaaS的<a href="https://12factor.net/" target="_blank">12 factor app</a>的规范，包括如下要素：</p>
|
||
<ol>
|
||
<li>基准代码</li>
|
||
<li>依赖管理</li>
|
||
<li>配置</li>
|
||
<li>后端服务</li>
|
||
<li>构建，发布，运行</li>
|
||
<li>无状态进程</li>
|
||
<li>端口绑定</li>
|
||
<li>并发</li>
|
||
<li>易处理</li>
|
||
<li>开发环境与线上环境等价</li>
|
||
<li>日志作为事件流</li>
|
||
<li>管理进程</li>
|
||
</ol>
|
||
<p>另外还有补充的三点：</p>
|
||
<ul>
|
||
<li>API声明管理</li>
|
||
<li>认证和授权</li>
|
||
<li>监控与告警</li>
|
||
</ul>
|
||
<p>如果落实的具体的工具，请看下图，使用Kubernetes构建云原生架构：</p>
|
||
<figure id="fig2.2.14"><img src="../images/building-cloud-native-architecture-with-kubernetes.png" alt="Building a Cloud Native Architecture with Kubernetes followed 12 factor app"><figcaption>图片 - Building a Cloud Native Architecture with Kubernetes followed 12 factor app</figcaption></figure>
|
||
<p>结合这12因素对开发或者改造后的应用适合部署到Kubernetes之上，基本流程如下图所示：</p>
|
||
<figure id="fig2.2.15"><img src="../images/creating-kubernetes-native-app.jpg" alt="Creating Kubernetes native app"><figcaption>图片 - Creating Kubernetes native app</figcaption></figure>
|
||
<p><strong>迁移到云架构</strong></p>
|
||
<p>迁移到云端架构，相对单体架构来说会带来很多挑战。比如自动的持续集成与发布、服务监控的变革、服务暴露、权限的管控等。这些具体细节请参考<strong>Kubernetes-handbook</strong>中的说明：<a href="https://jimmysong.io/kubernetes-handbook" target="_blank">https://jimmysong.io/kubernetes-handbook</a>，在此就不细节展开，另外推荐一本我翻译的由Pivotal出品的电子书——<a href="https://content.pivotal.io/ebooks/migrating-to-cloud-native-application-architectures" target="_blank">Migrating to Cloud Native Application Architectures</a>，地址：<a href="https://jimmysong.io/migrating-to-cloud-native-application-architectures/" target="_blank">https://jimmysong.io/migrating-to-cloud-native-application-architectures/</a>。</p>
|
||
<h2 id="service-mesh">Service Mesh</h2>
|
||
<blockquote>
|
||
<p>Services for show, meshes for a pro.</p>
|
||
</blockquote>
|
||
<figure id="fig2.2.16"><img src="https://res.cloudinary.com/jimmysong/image/upload/images/service-meshes-pro.jpg" alt="Service Mesh中国社区slogan"><figcaption>图片 - Service Mesh中国社区slogan</figcaption></figure>
|
||
<p>Kubernetes中的应用将作为微服务运行，但是Kuberentes本身并没有给出微服务治理的解决方案，比如服务的限流、熔断、良好的灰度发布支持等。</p>
|
||
<p><strong>Service mesh可以用来做什么</strong></p>
|
||
<ul>
|
||
<li>Traffic Management：API网关</li>
|
||
<li>Observability：服务调用和性能分析</li>
|
||
<li>Policy Enforcment：控制服务访问策略</li>
|
||
<li>Service Identity and Security：安全保护</li>
|
||
</ul>
|
||
<p><strong>Service mesh的特点</strong></p>
|
||
<ul>
|
||
<li>专用的基础设施层</li>
|
||
<li>轻量级高性能网络代理</li>
|
||
<li>提供安全的、快速的、可靠地服务间通讯</li>
|
||
<li>扩展kubernetes的应用负载均衡机制，实现灰度发布</li>
|
||
<li>完全解耦于应用，应用可以无感知，加速应用的微服务和云原生转型</li>
|
||
</ul>
|
||
<p>使用Service Mesh将可以有效的治理Kuberentes中运行的服务，当前开源的Service Mesh有：</p>
|
||
<ul>
|
||
<li>Linkderd：<a href="https://linkerd.io" target="_blank">https://linkerd.io</a>，由最早提出Service Mesh的公司<a href="https://buoyant.io" target="_blank">Buoyant</a>开源，创始人来自Twitter</li>
|
||
<li>Envoy：<a href="https://www.envoyproxy.io/" target="_blank">https://www.envoyproxy.io/</a>，Lyft开源的，可以在Istio中使用Sidecar模式运行</li>
|
||
<li>Istio：<a href="https://istio.io" target="_blank">https://istio.io</a>，由Google、IBM、Lyft联合开发并开源</li>
|
||
<li>Conduit：<a href="https://conduit.io" target="_blank">https://conduit.io</a>，同样由Buoyant开源的轻量级的基于Kubernetes的Service Mesh</li>
|
||
</ul>
|
||
<p>此外还有很多其它的Service Mesh鱼贯而出，请参考<a href="https://jimmysong.io/awesome-cloud-native" target="_blank">awesome-cloud-native</a>。</p>
|
||
<p><strong>Istio VS Linkerd</strong></p>
|
||
<p>Linkerd和Istio是最早开源的Service Mesh，它们都支持Kubernetes，下面是它们之间的一些特性对比。</p>
|
||
<table>
|
||
<thead>
|
||
<tr>
|
||
<th><strong>Feature</strong></th>
|
||
<th><strong>Istio</strong></th>
|
||
<th><strong>Linkerd</strong></th>
|
||
</tr>
|
||
</thead>
|
||
<tbody>
|
||
<tr>
|
||
<td>部署架构</td>
|
||
<td>Envoy/Sidecar</td>
|
||
<td>DaemonSets</td>
|
||
</tr>
|
||
<tr>
|
||
<td>易用性</td>
|
||
<td>复杂</td>
|
||
<td>简单</td>
|
||
</tr>
|
||
<tr>
|
||
<td>支持平台</td>
|
||
<td>kuberentes</td>
|
||
<td>kubernetes/mesos/Istio/local</td>
|
||
</tr>
|
||
<tr>
|
||
<td>当前版本</td>
|
||
<td>0.3.0</td>
|
||
<td>1.3.3</td>
|
||
</tr>
|
||
<tr>
|
||
<td>是否已有生产部署</td>
|
||
<td>否</td>
|
||
<td>是</td>
|
||
</tr>
|
||
</tbody>
|
||
</table>
|
||
<p>关于两者的架构可以参考各自的官方文档，我只从其在kubernetes上的部署结构来说明其区别。</p>
|
||
<figure id="fig2.2.17"><img src="../images/istio-vs-linkerd.jpg" alt="istio vs linkerd"><figcaption>图片 - istio vs linkerd</figcaption></figure>
|
||
<p>Istio的组件复杂，可以分别部署的kubernetes集群中，但是作为核心路由组件<strong>Envoy</strong>是以<strong>Sidecar</strong>形式与应用运行在同一个Pod中的，所有进入该Pod中的流量都需要先经过Envoy。</p>
|
||
<p>Linker的部署十分简单，本身就是一个镜像，使用Kubernetes的<a href="https://jimmysong.io/kubernetes-handbook/concepts/daemonset.html" target="_blank">DaemonSet</a>方式在每个node节点上运行。</p>
|
||
<p>更多信息请参考<a href="https://jimmysong.io/kubernetes-handbook" target="_blank">kubernetes-handbook</a>。</p>
|
||
<h2 id="使用场景">使用场景</h2>
|
||
<blockquote>
|
||
<p>Cloud Native的大规模工业生产</p>
|
||
</blockquote>
|
||
<figure id="fig2.2.18"><img src="https://res.cloudinary.com/jimmysong/image/upload/images/cloud-native-factory.jpg" alt="Cloud Native factory"><figcaption>图片 - Cloud Native factory</figcaption></figure>
|
||
<p><strong>GitOps</strong></p>
|
||
<p>给开发者带来最大配置和上线的灵活性，践行DevOps流程，改善研发效率，下图这样的情况将更少发生。</p>
|
||
<figure id="fig2.2.19"><img src="https://res.cloudinary.com/jimmysong/image/upload/images/deployment-pipeline-comic.jpg" alt="Deployment pipeline"><figcaption>图片 - Deployment pipeline</figcaption></figure>
|
||
<p>我们知道Kubernetes中的所有应用的部署都是基于YAML文件的，这实际上就是一种<strong>Infrastructure as code</strong>，完全可以通过Git来管控基础设施和部署环境的变更。</p>
|
||
<p><strong>Big Data</strong></p>
|
||
<p>Spark现在已经非官方支持了基于Kuberentes的原生调度，其具有以下特点：</p>
|
||
<ul>
|
||
<li>Kubernetes原生调度：与yarn、mesos同级</li>
|
||
<li>资源隔离，粒度更细：以namespace来划分用户</li>
|
||
<li>监控的变革：单次任务资源计量</li>
|
||
<li>日志的变革：pod的日志收集</li>
|
||
</ul>
|
||
<table>
|
||
<thead>
|
||
<tr>
|
||
<th><strong>Feature</strong></th>
|
||
<th><strong>Yarn</strong></th>
|
||
<th><strong>Kubernetes</strong></th>
|
||
</tr>
|
||
</thead>
|
||
<tbody>
|
||
<tr>
|
||
<td>queue</td>
|
||
<td>queue</td>
|
||
<td>namespace</td>
|
||
</tr>
|
||
<tr>
|
||
<td>instance</td>
|
||
<td>ExcutorContainer</td>
|
||
<td>Executor Pod</td>
|
||
</tr>
|
||
<tr>
|
||
<td>network</td>
|
||
<td>host</td>
|
||
<td>plugin</td>
|
||
</tr>
|
||
<tr>
|
||
<td>heterogeneous</td>
|
||
<td>no</td>
|
||
<td>yes</td>
|
||
</tr>
|
||
<tr>
|
||
<td>security</td>
|
||
<td>RBAC</td>
|
||
<td>ACL</td>
|
||
</tr>
|
||
</tbody>
|
||
</table>
|
||
<p>下图是在Kubernetes上运行三种调度方式的spark的单个节点的应用部分对比：</p>
|
||
<figure id="fig2.2.20"><img src="../images/spark-on-kubernetes-with-different-schedulers.jpg" alt="Spark on Kubernetes with different schedulers"><figcaption>图片 - Spark on Kubernetes with different schedulers</figcaption></figure>
|
||
<p>从上图中可以看到在Kubernetes上使用YARN调度、standalone调度和kubernetes原生调度的方式，每个node节点上的Pod内的spark Executor分布，毫无疑问，使用kubernetes原生调度的spark任务才是最节省资源的。</p>
|
||
<p>提交任务的语句看起来会像是这样的：</p>
|
||
<pre><code class="lang-bash">./spark-submit \
|
||
--deploy-mode cluster \
|
||
--class com.talkingdata.alluxio.hadooptest \
|
||
--master k8s://https://172.20.0.113:6443 \
|
||
--kubernetes-namespace spark-cluster \
|
||
--conf spark.kubernetes.driverEnv.SPARK_USER=hadoop \
|
||
--conf spark.kubernetes.driverEnv.HADOOP_USER_NAME=hadoop \
|
||
--conf spark.executorEnv.HADOOP_USER_NAME=hadoop \
|
||
--conf spark.executorEnv.SPARK_USER=hadoop \
|
||
--conf spark.kubernetes.authenticate.driver.serviceAccountName=spark \
|
||
--conf spark.driver.memory=100G \
|
||
--conf spark.executor.memory=10G \
|
||
--conf spark.driver.cores=30 \
|
||
--conf spark.executor.cores=2 \
|
||
--conf spark.driver.maxResultSize=10240m \
|
||
--conf spark.kubernetes.driver.limit.cores=32 \
|
||
--conf spark.kubernetes.executor.limit.cores=3 \
|
||
--conf spark.kubernetes.executor.memoryOverhead=2g \
|
||
--conf spark.executor.instances=5 \
|
||
--conf spark.app.name=spark-pi \
|
||
--conf spark.kubernetes.driver.docker.image=spark-driver:v2.1.0-kubernetes-0.3.1-1 \
|
||
--conf spark.kubernetes.executor.docker.image=spark-executor:v2.1.0-kubernetes-0.3.1-1 \
|
||
--conf spark.kubernetes.initcontainer.docker.image=spark-init:v2.1.0-kubernetes-0.3.1-1 \
|
||
--conf spark.kubernetes.resourceStagingServer.uri=http://172.20.0.114:31000 \
|
||
~/Downloads/tendcloud_2.10-1.0.jar
|
||
</code></pre>
|
||
<p>关于支持Kubernetes原生调度的Spark请参考：<a href="https://jimmysong.io/spark-on-k8s/" target="_blank">https://jimmysong.io/spark-on-k8s/</a></p>
|
||
<h2 id="open-source">Open Source</h2>
|
||
<blockquote>
|
||
<p>Contributing is Not only about code, it is about helping a community.</p>
|
||
</blockquote>
|
||
<p>下图是我们刚调研准备使用Kubernetes时候的调研方案选择。</p>
|
||
<figure id="fig2.2.21"><img src="https://res.cloudinary.com/jimmysong/image/upload/images/kubernetes-solutions-choices.jpg" alt="Kubernetes solutions"><figcaption>图片 - Kubernetes solutions</figcaption></figure>
|
||
<p>对于一个初次接触Kubernetes的人来说，看到这样一个庞大的架构选型时会望而生畏，但是Kubernetes的开源社区帮助了我们很多。</p>
|
||
<figure id="fig2.2.22"><img src="../images/kubernetes-sigs.jpg" alt="Kubernetes SIG"><figcaption>图片 - Kubernetes SIG</figcaption></figure>
|
||
<p>我组建了<strong>K8S&Cloud Native实战</strong>微信群，参与了k8smeetup、KEUC2017、<a href="https://github.com/kubernetes/kubernetes-docs-cn" target="_blank">kubernetes-docs-cn</a> Kubernetes官方中文文档项目。</p>
|
||
<p><strong>有用的资料和链接</strong></p>
|
||
<ul>
|
||
<li>我的博客： <a href="https://jimmysong.io" target="_blank">https://jimmysong.io</a></li>
|
||
<li>微信群：k8s&cloud native实战群（见：<a href="https://jimmysong.io/about" target="_blank">https://jimmysong.io/about</a>）</li>
|
||
<li>Meetup：k8smeetup</li>
|
||
<li>Cloud Native Go - 基于Go和React云原生Web应用开发：<a href="https://jimmysong.io/cloud-native-go" target="_blank">https://jimmysong.io/cloud-native-go</a></li>
|
||
<li>Gitbook：<a href="https://jimmysong.io/kubernetes-handbook" target="_blank">https://jimmysong.io/kubernetes-handbook</a></li>
|
||
<li>Cloud native开源生态：<a href="https://jimmysong.io/awesome-cloud-native/" target="_blank">https://jimmysong.io/awesome-cloud-native/</a></li>
|
||
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