4631 lines
282 KiB
HTML
4631 lines
282 KiB
HTML
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<!DOCTYPE HTML>
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<html lang="zh-hans" >
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<head>
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<meta charset="UTF-8">
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<meta content="text/html; charset=utf-8" http-equiv="Content-Type">
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<title>Service · Kubernetes Handbook - Kubernetes中文指南/云原生应用架构实践手册 by Jimmy Song(宋净超)</title>
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<meta http-equiv="X-UA-Compatible" content="IE=edge" />
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<meta name="description" content="">
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<meta name="generator" content="GitBook 3.2.3">
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<meta name="author" content="Jimmy Song(宋净超)">
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<link rel="stylesheet" href="../gitbook/style.css">
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<link rel="stylesheet" href="../gitbook/gitbook-plugin-splitter/splitter.css">
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<link rel="stylesheet" href="../gitbook/gitbook-plugin-search-plus/search.css">
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<meta name="HandheldFriendly" content="true"/>
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<meta name="viewport" content="width=device-width, initial-scale=1, user-scalable=no">
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<meta name="apple-mobile-web-app-capable" content="yes">
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<link rel="shortcut icon" href="../gitbook/images/favicon.ico" type="image/x-icon">
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<link rel="next" href="ingress.html" />
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<link rel="prev" href="service-discovery.html" />
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<link rel="shortcut icon" href='../favicon.ico' type="image/x-icon">
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<link rel="bookmark" href='../favicon.ico' type="image/x-icon">
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<style>
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@media only screen and (max-width: 640px) {
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.book-header .hidden-mobile {
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</style>
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<script>
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window["gitbook-plugin-github-buttons"] = {"repo":"rootsongjc/kubernetes-handbook","types":["star"],"size":"small"};
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</head>
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<body>
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<div class="book">
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<div class="book-summary">
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<div id="book-search-input" role="search">
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<input type="text" placeholder="输入并搜索" />
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</div>
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<nav role="navigation">
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|
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<ul class="summary">
|
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<li>
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<a href="https://jimmysong.io/istio-handbook" target="_blank" class="custom-link">Istio Handbook - Istio 中文指南/服务网格实践手册</a>
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</li>
|
||
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<li>
|
||
<a href="https://jimmysong.io/posts/cloud-native-python" target="_blank" class="custom-link">Cloud Native Python(Python云原生) - 使用Python和React构建云原生应用</a>
|
||
</li>
|
||
|
||
|
||
<li>
|
||
<a href="http://www.servicemesher.com" target="_blank" class="custom-link">ServiceMesher社区</a>
|
||
</li>
|
||
|
||
|
||
<li>
|
||
<a href="https://github.com/alipay/sofa-mesh" target="_blank" class="custom-link">SOFAMesh - 基于Istio的大规模服务网格解决方案</a>
|
||
</li>
|
||
|
||
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||
<li>
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||
<a href="https://jimmysong.io/posts/cloud-native-java" target="_blank" class="custom-link">Cloud Native Java(云原生Java)- Spring Boot、Spring Cloud与Cloud Foundry弹性系统设计</a>
|
||
</li>
|
||
|
||
|
||
<li>
|
||
<a href="https://github.com/alipay/sofa-mosn" target="_blank" class="custom-link">SOFAMosn - Golang版的高性能Service Mesh Sidecar代理</a>
|
||
</li>
|
||
|
||
|
||
<li>
|
||
<a href="http://www.servicemesher.com/awesome-servicemesh" target="_blank" class="custom-link">Awesome Service Mesh</a>
|
||
</li>
|
||
|
||
|
||
<li>
|
||
<a href="https://jimmysong.io" target="_blank" class="custom-link">Jimmy Song</a>
|
||
</li>
|
||
|
||
|
||
<li>
|
||
<a href="https://jimmysong.io/awesome-cloud-native" target="_blank" class="custom-link">Awesome Cloud Native</a>
|
||
</li>
|
||
|
||
|
||
<li>
|
||
<a href="https://jimmysong.io/posts/cloud-native-go" target="_blank" class="custom-link">Cloud Native Go - 基于Go和React的web云原生应用构建指南</a>
|
||
</li>
|
||
|
||
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||
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||
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<li class="divider"></li>
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||
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<li class="header">前言</li>
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<li class="chapter " data-level="1.1" data-path="../">
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<a href="../">
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||
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||
<b>1.1.</b>
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序言
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</a>
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</li>
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<li class="header">云原生</li>
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<li class="chapter " data-level="2.1" data-path="../cloud-native/cloud-native-definition.html">
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||
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<a href="../cloud-native/cloud-native-definition.html">
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||
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||
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||
<b>2.1.</b>
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||
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云原生的定义
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||
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</a>
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||
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||
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||
</li>
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||
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||
<li class="chapter " data-level="2.2" data-path="../cloud-native/cncf.html">
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||
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||
<a href="../cloud-native/cncf.html">
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||
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||
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||
<b>2.2.</b>
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||
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||
CNCF - 云原生计算基金会简介
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||
|
||
</a>
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||
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||
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||
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||
</li>
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||
|
||
<li class="chapter " data-level="2.3" data-path="../cloud-native/cncf-charter.html">
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||
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||
<a href="../cloud-native/cncf-charter.html">
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||
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||
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||
<b>2.3.</b>
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||
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||
CNCF章程
|
||
|
||
</a>
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||
|
||
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||
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||
</li>
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||
|
||
<li class="chapter " data-level="2.4" data-path="../cloud-native/cloud-native-philosophy.html">
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||
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||
<a href="../cloud-native/cloud-native-philosophy.html">
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||
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||
|
||
<b>2.4.</b>
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||
|
||
云原生的设计哲学
|
||
|
||
</a>
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||
|
||
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||
|
||
</li>
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||
|
||
<li class="chapter " data-level="2.5" data-path="../cloud-native/play-with-kubernetes.html">
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||
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||
<a href="../cloud-native/play-with-kubernetes.html">
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||
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||
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||
<b>2.5.</b>
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||
|
||
Play with Kubernetes
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||
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||
</a>
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||
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||
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||
|
||
</li>
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||
|
||
<li class="chapter " data-level="2.6" data-path="../cloud-native/cloud-native-local-quick-start.html">
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||
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||
<a href="../cloud-native/cloud-native-local-quick-start.html">
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||
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||
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||
<b>2.6.</b>
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||
|
||
快速部署一个云原生本地实验环境
|
||
|
||
</a>
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||
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||
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||
|
||
</li>
|
||
|
||
<li class="chapter " data-level="2.7" data-path="../cloud-native/kubernetes-and-cloud-native-app-overview.html">
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||
|
||
<a href="../cloud-native/kubernetes-and-cloud-native-app-overview.html">
|
||
|
||
|
||
<b>2.7.</b>
|
||
|
||
Kubernetes与云原生应用概览
|
||
|
||
</a>
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||
|
||
|
||
|
||
</li>
|
||
|
||
<li class="chapter " data-level="2.8" data-path="../cloud-native/from-kubernetes-to-cloud-native.html">
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||
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||
<a href="../cloud-native/from-kubernetes-to-cloud-native.html">
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||
|
||
|
||
<b>2.8.</b>
|
||
|
||
云原生应用之路——从Kubernetes到Cloud Native
|
||
|
||
</a>
|
||
|
||
|
||
|
||
</li>
|
||
|
||
<li class="chapter " data-level="2.9" data-path="../cloud-native/cloud-native-programming-languages.html">
|
||
|
||
<a href="../cloud-native/cloud-native-programming-languages.html">
|
||
|
||
|
||
<b>2.9.</b>
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||
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||
云原生编程语言
|
||
|
||
</a>
|
||
|
||
|
||
|
||
<ul class="articles">
|
||
|
||
|
||
<li class="chapter " data-level="2.9.1" data-path="../cloud-native/cloud-native-programming-language-ballerina.html">
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||
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||
<a href="../cloud-native/cloud-native-programming-language-ballerina.html">
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||
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||
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||
<b>2.9.1.</b>
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||
|
||
云原生编程语言Ballerina
|
||
|
||
</a>
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||
|
||
|
||
|
||
</li>
|
||
|
||
<li class="chapter " data-level="2.9.2" data-path="../cloud-native/cloud-native-programming-language-pulumi.html">
|
||
|
||
<a href="../cloud-native/cloud-native-programming-language-pulumi.html">
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||
|
||
|
||
<b>2.9.2.</b>
|
||
|
||
云原生编程语言Pulumi
|
||
|
||
</a>
|
||
|
||
|
||
|
||
</li>
|
||
|
||
|
||
</ul>
|
||
|
||
</li>
|
||
|
||
<li class="chapter " data-level="2.10" data-path="../cloud-native/the-future-of-cloud-native.html">
|
||
|
||
<a href="../cloud-native/the-future-of-cloud-native.html">
|
||
|
||
|
||
<b>2.10.</b>
|
||
|
||
云原生的未来
|
||
|
||
</a>
|
||
|
||
|
||
|
||
</li>
|
||
|
||
|
||
|
||
|
||
<li class="header">概念与原理</li>
|
||
|
||
|
||
|
||
<li class="chapter " data-level="3.1" data-path="./">
|
||
|
||
<a href="./">
|
||
|
||
|
||
<b>3.1.</b>
|
||
|
||
Kubernetes架构
|
||
|
||
</a>
|
||
|
||
|
||
|
||
<ul class="articles">
|
||
|
||
|
||
<li class="chapter " data-level="3.1.1" data-path="concepts.html">
|
||
|
||
<a href="concepts.html">
|
||
|
||
|
||
<b>3.1.1.</b>
|
||
|
||
设计理念
|
||
|
||
</a>
|
||
|
||
|
||
|
||
</li>
|
||
|
||
<li class="chapter " data-level="3.1.2" data-path="etcd.html">
|
||
|
||
<a href="etcd.html">
|
||
|
||
|
||
<b>3.1.2.</b>
|
||
|
||
Etcd解析
|
||
|
||
</a>
|
||
|
||
|
||
|
||
</li>
|
||
|
||
<li class="chapter " data-level="3.1.3" data-path="open-interfaces.html">
|
||
|
||
<a href="open-interfaces.html">
|
||
|
||
|
||
<b>3.1.3.</b>
|
||
|
||
开放接口
|
||
|
||
</a>
|
||
|
||
|
||
|
||
<ul class="articles">
|
||
|
||
|
||
<li class="chapter " data-level="3.1.3.1" data-path="cri.html">
|
||
|
||
<a href="cri.html">
|
||
|
||
|
||
<b>3.1.3.1.</b>
|
||
|
||
CRI - Container Runtime Interface(容器运行时接口)
|
||
|
||
</a>
|
||
|
||
|
||
|
||
</li>
|
||
|
||
<li class="chapter " data-level="3.1.3.2" data-path="cni.html">
|
||
|
||
<a href="cni.html">
|
||
|
||
|
||
<b>3.1.3.2.</b>
|
||
|
||
CNI - Container Network Interface(容器网络接口)
|
||
|
||
</a>
|
||
|
||
|
||
|
||
</li>
|
||
|
||
<li class="chapter " data-level="3.1.3.3" data-path="csi.html">
|
||
|
||
<a href="csi.html">
|
||
|
||
|
||
<b>3.1.3.3.</b>
|
||
|
||
CSI - Container Storage Interface(容器存储接口)
|
||
|
||
</a>
|
||
|
||
|
||
|
||
</li>
|
||
|
||
|
||
</ul>
|
||
|
||
</li>
|
||
|
||
|
||
</ul>
|
||
|
||
</li>
|
||
|
||
<li class="chapter " data-level="3.2" data-path="networking.html">
|
||
|
||
<a href="networking.html">
|
||
|
||
|
||
<b>3.2.</b>
|
||
|
||
Kubernetes中的网络
|
||
|
||
</a>
|
||
|
||
|
||
|
||
<ul class="articles">
|
||
|
||
|
||
<li class="chapter " data-level="3.2.1" data-path="flannel.html">
|
||
|
||
<a href="flannel.html">
|
||
|
||
|
||
<b>3.2.1.</b>
|
||
|
||
Kubernetes中的网络解析——以flannel为例
|
||
|
||
</a>
|
||
|
||
|
||
|
||
</li>
|
||
|
||
<li class="chapter " data-level="3.2.2" data-path="calico.html">
|
||
|
||
<a href="calico.html">
|
||
|
||
|
||
<b>3.2.2.</b>
|
||
|
||
Kubernetes中的网络解析——以calico为例
|
||
|
||
</a>
|
||
|
||
|
||
|
||
</li>
|
||
|
||
|
||
</ul>
|
||
|
||
</li>
|
||
|
||
<li class="chapter " data-level="3.3" data-path="objects.html">
|
||
|
||
<a href="objects.html">
|
||
|
||
|
||
<b>3.3.</b>
|
||
|
||
资源对象与基本概念解析
|
||
|
||
</a>
|
||
|
||
|
||
|
||
</li>
|
||
|
||
<li class="chapter " data-level="3.4" data-path="pod-state-and-lifecycle.html">
|
||
|
||
<a href="pod-state-and-lifecycle.html">
|
||
|
||
|
||
<b>3.4.</b>
|
||
|
||
Pod状态与生命周期管理
|
||
|
||
</a>
|
||
|
||
|
||
|
||
<ul class="articles">
|
||
|
||
|
||
<li class="chapter " data-level="3.4.1" data-path="pod-overview.html">
|
||
|
||
<a href="pod-overview.html">
|
||
|
||
|
||
<b>3.4.1.</b>
|
||
|
||
Pod概览
|
||
|
||
</a>
|
||
|
||
|
||
|
||
</li>
|
||
|
||
<li class="chapter " data-level="3.4.2" data-path="pod.html">
|
||
|
||
<a href="pod.html">
|
||
|
||
|
||
<b>3.4.2.</b>
|
||
|
||
Pod解析
|
||
|
||
</a>
|
||
|
||
|
||
|
||
</li>
|
||
|
||
<li class="chapter " data-level="3.4.3" data-path="init-containers.html">
|
||
|
||
<a href="init-containers.html">
|
||
|
||
|
||
<b>3.4.3.</b>
|
||
|
||
Init容器
|
||
|
||
</a>
|
||
|
||
|
||
|
||
</li>
|
||
|
||
<li class="chapter " data-level="3.4.4" data-path="pause-container.html">
|
||
|
||
<a href="pause-container.html">
|
||
|
||
|
||
<b>3.4.4.</b>
|
||
|
||
Pause容器
|
||
|
||
</a>
|
||
|
||
|
||
|
||
</li>
|
||
|
||
<li class="chapter " data-level="3.4.5" data-path="pod-security-policy.html">
|
||
|
||
<a href="pod-security-policy.html">
|
||
|
||
|
||
<b>3.4.5.</b>
|
||
|
||
Pod安全策略
|
||
|
||
</a>
|
||
|
||
|
||
|
||
</li>
|
||
|
||
<li class="chapter " data-level="3.4.6" data-path="pod-lifecycle.html">
|
||
|
||
<a href="pod-lifecycle.html">
|
||
|
||
|
||
<b>3.4.6.</b>
|
||
|
||
Pod的生命周期
|
||
|
||
</a>
|
||
|
||
|
||
|
||
</li>
|
||
|
||
<li class="chapter " data-level="3.4.7" data-path="pod-hook.html">
|
||
|
||
<a href="pod-hook.html">
|
||
|
||
|
||
<b>3.4.7.</b>
|
||
|
||
Pod Hook
|
||
|
||
</a>
|
||
|
||
|
||
|
||
</li>
|
||
|
||
<li class="chapter " data-level="3.4.8" data-path="pod-preset.html">
|
||
|
||
<a href="pod-preset.html">
|
||
|
||
|
||
<b>3.4.8.</b>
|
||
|
||
Pod Preset
|
||
|
||
</a>
|
||
|
||
|
||
|
||
</li>
|
||
|
||
<li class="chapter " data-level="3.4.9" data-path="pod-disruption-budget.html">
|
||
|
||
<a href="pod-disruption-budget.html">
|
||
|
||
|
||
<b>3.4.9.</b>
|
||
|
||
Pod中断与PDB(Pod中断预算)
|
||
|
||
</a>
|
||
|
||
|
||
|
||
</li>
|
||
|
||
|
||
</ul>
|
||
|
||
</li>
|
||
|
||
<li class="chapter " data-level="3.5" data-path="cluster.html">
|
||
|
||
<a href="cluster.html">
|
||
|
||
|
||
<b>3.5.</b>
|
||
|
||
集群资源管理
|
||
|
||
</a>
|
||
|
||
|
||
|
||
<ul class="articles">
|
||
|
||
|
||
<li class="chapter " data-level="3.5.1" data-path="node.html">
|
||
|
||
<a href="node.html">
|
||
|
||
|
||
<b>3.5.1.</b>
|
||
|
||
Node
|
||
|
||
</a>
|
||
|
||
|
||
|
||
</li>
|
||
|
||
<li class="chapter " data-level="3.5.2" data-path="namespace.html">
|
||
|
||
<a href="namespace.html">
|
||
|
||
|
||
<b>3.5.2.</b>
|
||
|
||
Namespace
|
||
|
||
</a>
|
||
|
||
|
||
|
||
</li>
|
||
|
||
<li class="chapter " data-level="3.5.3" data-path="label.html">
|
||
|
||
<a href="label.html">
|
||
|
||
|
||
<b>3.5.3.</b>
|
||
|
||
Label
|
||
|
||
</a>
|
||
|
||
|
||
|
||
</li>
|
||
|
||
<li class="chapter " data-level="3.5.4" data-path="annotation.html">
|
||
|
||
<a href="annotation.html">
|
||
|
||
|
||
<b>3.5.4.</b>
|
||
|
||
Annotation
|
||
|
||
</a>
|
||
|
||
|
||
|
||
</li>
|
||
|
||
<li class="chapter " data-level="3.5.5" data-path="taint-and-toleration.html">
|
||
|
||
<a href="taint-and-toleration.html">
|
||
|
||
|
||
<b>3.5.5.</b>
|
||
|
||
Taint和Toleration(污点和容忍)
|
||
|
||
</a>
|
||
|
||
|
||
|
||
</li>
|
||
|
||
<li class="chapter " data-level="3.5.6" data-path="garbage-collection.html">
|
||
|
||
<a href="garbage-collection.html">
|
||
|
||
|
||
<b>3.5.6.</b>
|
||
|
||
垃圾收集
|
||
|
||
</a>
|
||
|
||
|
||
|
||
</li>
|
||
|
||
|
||
</ul>
|
||
|
||
</li>
|
||
|
||
<li class="chapter " data-level="3.6" data-path="controllers.html">
|
||
|
||
<a href="controllers.html">
|
||
|
||
|
||
<b>3.6.</b>
|
||
|
||
控制器
|
||
|
||
</a>
|
||
|
||
|
||
|
||
<ul class="articles">
|
||
|
||
|
||
<li class="chapter " data-level="3.6.1" data-path="deployment.html">
|
||
|
||
<a href="deployment.html">
|
||
|
||
|
||
<b>3.6.1.</b>
|
||
|
||
Deployment
|
||
|
||
</a>
|
||
|
||
|
||
|
||
</li>
|
||
|
||
<li class="chapter " data-level="3.6.2" data-path="statefulset.html">
|
||
|
||
<a href="statefulset.html">
|
||
|
||
|
||
<b>3.6.2.</b>
|
||
|
||
StatefulSet
|
||
|
||
</a>
|
||
|
||
|
||
|
||
</li>
|
||
|
||
<li class="chapter " data-level="3.6.3" data-path="daemonset.html">
|
||
|
||
<a href="daemonset.html">
|
||
|
||
|
||
<b>3.6.3.</b>
|
||
|
||
DaemonSet
|
||
|
||
</a>
|
||
|
||
|
||
|
||
</li>
|
||
|
||
<li class="chapter " data-level="3.6.4" data-path="replicaset.html">
|
||
|
||
<a href="replicaset.html">
|
||
|
||
|
||
<b>3.6.4.</b>
|
||
|
||
ReplicationController和ReplicaSet
|
||
|
||
</a>
|
||
|
||
|
||
|
||
</li>
|
||
|
||
<li class="chapter " data-level="3.6.5" data-path="job.html">
|
||
|
||
<a href="job.html">
|
||
|
||
|
||
<b>3.6.5.</b>
|
||
|
||
Job
|
||
|
||
</a>
|
||
|
||
|
||
|
||
</li>
|
||
|
||
<li class="chapter " data-level="3.6.6" data-path="cronjob.html">
|
||
|
||
<a href="cronjob.html">
|
||
|
||
|
||
<b>3.6.6.</b>
|
||
|
||
CronJob
|
||
|
||
</a>
|
||
|
||
|
||
|
||
</li>
|
||
|
||
<li class="chapter " data-level="3.6.7" data-path="horizontal-pod-autoscaling.html">
|
||
|
||
<a href="horizontal-pod-autoscaling.html">
|
||
|
||
|
||
<b>3.6.7.</b>
|
||
|
||
Horizontal Pod Autoscaling
|
||
|
||
</a>
|
||
|
||
|
||
|
||
<ul class="articles">
|
||
|
||
|
||
<li class="chapter " data-level="3.6.7.1" data-path="custom-metrics-hpa.html">
|
||
|
||
<a href="custom-metrics-hpa.html">
|
||
|
||
|
||
<b>3.6.7.1.</b>
|
||
|
||
自定义指标HPA
|
||
|
||
</a>
|
||
|
||
|
||
|
||
</li>
|
||
|
||
|
||
</ul>
|
||
|
||
</li>
|
||
|
||
|
||
</ul>
|
||
|
||
</li>
|
||
|
||
<li class="chapter " data-level="3.7" data-path="service-discovery.html">
|
||
|
||
<a href="service-discovery.html">
|
||
|
||
|
||
<b>3.7.</b>
|
||
|
||
服务发现
|
||
|
||
</a>
|
||
|
||
|
||
|
||
<ul class="articles">
|
||
|
||
|
||
<li class="chapter active" data-level="3.7.1" data-path="service.html">
|
||
|
||
<a href="service.html">
|
||
|
||
|
||
<b>3.7.1.</b>
|
||
|
||
Service
|
||
|
||
</a>
|
||
|
||
|
||
|
||
</li>
|
||
|
||
<li class="chapter " data-level="3.7.2" data-path="ingress.html">
|
||
|
||
<a href="ingress.html">
|
||
|
||
|
||
<b>3.7.2.</b>
|
||
|
||
Ingress
|
||
|
||
</a>
|
||
|
||
|
||
|
||
<ul class="articles">
|
||
|
||
|
||
<li class="chapter " data-level="3.7.2.1" data-path="traefik-ingress-controller.html">
|
||
|
||
<a href="traefik-ingress-controller.html">
|
||
|
||
|
||
<b>3.7.2.1.</b>
|
||
|
||
Traefik Ingress Controller
|
||
|
||
</a>
|
||
|
||
|
||
|
||
</li>
|
||
|
||
|
||
</ul>
|
||
|
||
</li>
|
||
|
||
|
||
</ul>
|
||
|
||
</li>
|
||
|
||
<li class="chapter " data-level="3.8" data-path="authentication-and-permission.html">
|
||
|
||
<a href="authentication-and-permission.html">
|
||
|
||
|
||
<b>3.8.</b>
|
||
|
||
身份与权限控制
|
||
|
||
</a>
|
||
|
||
|
||
|
||
<ul class="articles">
|
||
|
||
|
||
<li class="chapter " data-level="3.8.1" data-path="serviceaccount.html">
|
||
|
||
<a href="serviceaccount.html">
|
||
|
||
|
||
<b>3.8.1.</b>
|
||
|
||
ServiceAccount
|
||
|
||
</a>
|
||
|
||
|
||
|
||
</li>
|
||
|
||
<li class="chapter " data-level="3.8.2" data-path="rbac.html">
|
||
|
||
<a href="rbac.html">
|
||
|
||
|
||
<b>3.8.2.</b>
|
||
|
||
RBAC——基于角色的访问控制
|
||
|
||
</a>
|
||
|
||
|
||
|
||
</li>
|
||
|
||
<li class="chapter " data-level="3.8.3" data-path="network-policy.html">
|
||
|
||
<a href="network-policy.html">
|
||
|
||
|
||
<b>3.8.3.</b>
|
||
|
||
NetworkPolicy
|
||
|
||
</a>
|
||
|
||
|
||
|
||
</li>
|
||
|
||
|
||
</ul>
|
||
|
||
</li>
|
||
|
||
<li class="chapter " data-level="3.9" data-path="storage.html">
|
||
|
||
<a href="storage.html">
|
||
|
||
|
||
<b>3.9.</b>
|
||
|
||
存储
|
||
|
||
</a>
|
||
|
||
|
||
|
||
<ul class="articles">
|
||
|
||
|
||
<li class="chapter " data-level="3.9.1" data-path="secret.html">
|
||
|
||
<a href="secret.html">
|
||
|
||
|
||
<b>3.9.1.</b>
|
||
|
||
Secret
|
||
|
||
</a>
|
||
|
||
|
||
|
||
</li>
|
||
|
||
<li class="chapter " data-level="3.9.2" data-path="configmap.html">
|
||
|
||
<a href="configmap.html">
|
||
|
||
|
||
<b>3.9.2.</b>
|
||
|
||
ConfigMap
|
||
|
||
</a>
|
||
|
||
|
||
|
||
<ul class="articles">
|
||
|
||
|
||
<li class="chapter " data-level="3.9.2.1" data-path="configmap-hot-update.html">
|
||
|
||
<a href="configmap-hot-update.html">
|
||
|
||
|
||
<b>3.9.2.1.</b>
|
||
|
||
ConfigMap的热更新
|
||
|
||
</a>
|
||
|
||
|
||
|
||
</li>
|
||
|
||
|
||
</ul>
|
||
|
||
</li>
|
||
|
||
<li class="chapter " data-level="3.9.3" data-path="volume.html">
|
||
|
||
<a href="volume.html">
|
||
|
||
|
||
<b>3.9.3.</b>
|
||
|
||
Volume
|
||
|
||
</a>
|
||
|
||
|
||
|
||
</li>
|
||
|
||
<li class="chapter " data-level="3.9.4" data-path="persistent-volume.html">
|
||
|
||
<a href="persistent-volume.html">
|
||
|
||
|
||
<b>3.9.4.</b>
|
||
|
||
Persistent Volume(持久化卷)
|
||
|
||
</a>
|
||
|
||
|
||
|
||
</li>
|
||
|
||
<li class="chapter " data-level="3.9.5" data-path="storageclass.html">
|
||
|
||
<a href="storageclass.html">
|
||
|
||
|
||
<b>3.9.5.</b>
|
||
|
||
Storage Class
|
||
|
||
</a>
|
||
|
||
|
||
|
||
</li>
|
||
|
||
<li class="chapter " data-level="3.9.6" data-path="local-persistent-storage.html">
|
||
|
||
<a href="local-persistent-storage.html">
|
||
|
||
|
||
<b>3.9.6.</b>
|
||
|
||
本地持久化存储
|
||
|
||
</a>
|
||
|
||
|
||
|
||
</li>
|
||
|
||
|
||
</ul>
|
||
|
||
</li>
|
||
|
||
<li class="chapter " data-level="3.10" data-path="extension.html">
|
||
|
||
<a href="extension.html">
|
||
|
||
|
||
<b>3.10.</b>
|
||
|
||
集群扩展
|
||
|
||
</a>
|
||
|
||
|
||
|
||
<ul class="articles">
|
||
|
||
|
||
<li class="chapter " data-level="3.10.1" data-path="custom-resource.html">
|
||
|
||
<a href="custom-resource.html">
|
||
|
||
|
||
<b>3.10.1.</b>
|
||
|
||
使用自定义资源扩展API
|
||
|
||
</a>
|
||
|
||
|
||
|
||
</li>
|
||
|
||
<li class="chapter " data-level="3.10.2" data-path="aggregated-api-server.html">
|
||
|
||
<a href="aggregated-api-server.html">
|
||
|
||
|
||
<b>3.10.2.</b>
|
||
|
||
Aggregated API Server
|
||
|
||
</a>
|
||
|
||
|
||
|
||
</li>
|
||
|
||
<li class="chapter " data-level="3.10.3" data-path="apiservice.html">
|
||
|
||
<a href="apiservice.html">
|
||
|
||
|
||
<b>3.10.3.</b>
|
||
|
||
APIService
|
||
|
||
</a>
|
||
|
||
|
||
|
||
</li>
|
||
|
||
<li class="chapter " data-level="3.10.4" data-path="service-catalog.html">
|
||
|
||
<a href="service-catalog.html">
|
||
|
||
|
||
<b>3.10.4.</b>
|
||
|
||
Service Catalog
|
||
|
||
</a>
|
||
|
||
|
||
|
||
</li>
|
||
|
||
|
||
</ul>
|
||
|
||
</li>
|
||
|
||
<li class="chapter " data-level="3.11" data-path="scheduling.html">
|
||
|
||
<a href="scheduling.html">
|
||
|
||
|
||
<b>3.11.</b>
|
||
|
||
资源调度
|
||
|
||
</a>
|
||
|
||
|
||
|
||
<ul class="articles">
|
||
|
||
|
||
<li class="chapter " data-level="3.11.1" data-path="qos.html">
|
||
|
||
<a href="qos.html">
|
||
|
||
|
||
<b>3.11.1.</b>
|
||
|
||
QoS(服务质量等级)
|
||
|
||
</a>
|
||
|
||
|
||
|
||
</li>
|
||
|
||
|
||
</ul>
|
||
|
||
</li>
|
||
|
||
|
||
|
||
|
||
<li class="header">用户指南</li>
|
||
|
||
|
||
|
||
<li class="chapter " data-level="4.1" data-path="../guide/">
|
||
|
||
<a href="../guide/">
|
||
|
||
|
||
<b>4.1.</b>
|
||
|
||
用户指南
|
||
|
||
</a>
|
||
|
||
|
||
|
||
</li>
|
||
|
||
<li class="chapter " data-level="4.2" data-path="../guide/resource-configuration.html">
|
||
|
||
<a href="../guide/resource-configuration.html">
|
||
|
||
|
||
<b>4.2.</b>
|
||
|
||
资源对象配置
|
||
|
||
</a>
|
||
|
||
|
||
|
||
<ul class="articles">
|
||
|
||
|
||
<li class="chapter " data-level="4.2.1" data-path="../guide/configure-liveness-readiness-probes.html">
|
||
|
||
<a href="../guide/configure-liveness-readiness-probes.html">
|
||
|
||
|
||
<b>4.2.1.</b>
|
||
|
||
配置Pod的liveness和readiness探针
|
||
|
||
</a>
|
||
|
||
|
||
|
||
</li>
|
||
|
||
<li class="chapter " data-level="4.2.2" data-path="../guide/configure-pod-service-account.html">
|
||
|
||
<a href="../guide/configure-pod-service-account.html">
|
||
|
||
|
||
<b>4.2.2.</b>
|
||
|
||
配置Pod的Service Account
|
||
|
||
</a>
|
||
|
||
|
||
|
||
</li>
|
||
|
||
<li class="chapter " data-level="4.2.3" data-path="../guide/secret-configuration.html">
|
||
|
||
<a href="../guide/secret-configuration.html">
|
||
|
||
|
||
<b>4.2.3.</b>
|
||
|
||
Secret配置
|
||
|
||
</a>
|
||
|
||
|
||
|
||
</li>
|
||
|
||
<li class="chapter " data-level="4.2.4" data-path="../guide/resource-quota-management.html">
|
||
|
||
<a href="../guide/resource-quota-management.html">
|
||
|
||
|
||
<b>4.2.4.</b>
|
||
|
||
管理namespace中的资源配额
|
||
|
||
</a>
|
||
|
||
|
||
|
||
</li>
|
||
|
||
|
||
</ul>
|
||
|
||
</li>
|
||
|
||
<li class="chapter " data-level="4.3" data-path="../guide/command-usage.html">
|
||
|
||
<a href="../guide/command-usage.html">
|
||
|
||
|
||
<b>4.3.</b>
|
||
|
||
命令使用
|
||
|
||
</a>
|
||
|
||
|
||
|
||
<ul class="articles">
|
||
|
||
|
||
<li class="chapter " data-level="4.3.1" data-path="../guide/docker-cli-to-kubectl.html">
|
||
|
||
<a href="../guide/docker-cli-to-kubectl.html">
|
||
|
||
|
||
<b>4.3.1.</b>
|
||
|
||
Docker用户过度到kubectl命令行指南
|
||
|
||
</a>
|
||
|
||
|
||
|
||
</li>
|
||
|
||
<li class="chapter " data-level="4.3.2" data-path="../guide/using-kubectl.html">
|
||
|
||
<a href="../guide/using-kubectl.html">
|
||
|
||
|
||
<b>4.3.2.</b>
|
||
|
||
kubectl命令概览
|
||
|
||
</a>
|
||
|
||
|
||
|
||
</li>
|
||
|
||
<li class="chapter " data-level="4.3.3" data-path="../guide/kubectl-cheatsheet.html">
|
||
|
||
<a href="../guide/kubectl-cheatsheet.html">
|
||
|
||
|
||
<b>4.3.3.</b>
|
||
|
||
kubectl命令技巧大全
|
||
|
||
</a>
|
||
|
||
|
||
|
||
</li>
|
||
|
||
<li class="chapter " data-level="4.3.4" data-path="../guide/using-etcdctl-to-access-kubernetes-data.html">
|
||
|
||
<a href="../guide/using-etcdctl-to-access-kubernetes-data.html">
|
||
|
||
|
||
<b>4.3.4.</b>
|
||
|
||
使用etcdctl访问kubernetes数据
|
||
|
||
</a>
|
||
|
||
|
||
|
||
</li>
|
||
|
||
|
||
</ul>
|
||
|
||
</li>
|
||
|
||
<li class="chapter " data-level="4.4" data-path="../guide/cluster-security-management.html">
|
||
|
||
<a href="../guide/cluster-security-management.html">
|
||
|
||
|
||
<b>4.4.</b>
|
||
|
||
集群安全性管理
|
||
|
||
</a>
|
||
|
||
|
||
|
||
<ul class="articles">
|
||
|
||
|
||
<li class="chapter " data-level="4.4.1" data-path="../guide/managing-tls-in-a-cluster.html">
|
||
|
||
<a href="../guide/managing-tls-in-a-cluster.html">
|
||
|
||
|
||
<b>4.4.1.</b>
|
||
|
||
管理集群中的TLS
|
||
|
||
</a>
|
||
|
||
|
||
|
||
</li>
|
||
|
||
<li class="chapter " data-level="4.4.2" data-path="../guide/kubelet-authentication-authorization.html">
|
||
|
||
<a href="../guide/kubelet-authentication-authorization.html">
|
||
|
||
|
||
<b>4.4.2.</b>
|
||
|
||
kubelet的认证授权
|
||
|
||
</a>
|
||
|
||
|
||
|
||
</li>
|
||
|
||
<li class="chapter " data-level="4.4.3" data-path="../guide/tls-bootstrapping.html">
|
||
|
||
<a href="../guide/tls-bootstrapping.html">
|
||
|
||
|
||
<b>4.4.3.</b>
|
||
|
||
TLS bootstrap
|
||
|
||
</a>
|
||
|
||
|
||
|
||
</li>
|
||
|
||
<li class="chapter " data-level="4.4.4" data-path="../guide/kubectl-user-authentication-authorization.html">
|
||
|
||
<a href="../guide/kubectl-user-authentication-authorization.html">
|
||
|
||
|
||
<b>4.4.4.</b>
|
||
|
||
创建用户认证授权的kubeconfig文件
|
||
|
||
</a>
|
||
|
||
|
||
|
||
</li>
|
||
|
||
<li class="chapter " data-level="4.4.5" data-path="../guide/ip-masq-agent.html">
|
||
|
||
<a href="../guide/ip-masq-agent.html">
|
||
|
||
|
||
<b>4.4.5.</b>
|
||
|
||
IP伪装代理
|
||
|
||
</a>
|
||
|
||
|
||
|
||
</li>
|
||
|
||
<li class="chapter " data-level="4.4.6" data-path="../guide/auth-with-kubeconfig-or-token.html">
|
||
|
||
<a href="../guide/auth-with-kubeconfig-or-token.html">
|
||
|
||
|
||
<b>4.4.6.</b>
|
||
|
||
使用kubeconfig或token进行用户身份认证
|
||
|
||
</a>
|
||
|
||
|
||
|
||
</li>
|
||
|
||
<li class="chapter " data-level="4.4.7" data-path="../guide/authentication.html">
|
||
|
||
<a href="../guide/authentication.html">
|
||
|
||
|
||
<b>4.4.7.</b>
|
||
|
||
Kubernetes中的用户与身份认证授权
|
||
|
||
</a>
|
||
|
||
|
||
|
||
</li>
|
||
|
||
<li class="chapter " data-level="4.4.8" data-path="../guide/kubernetes-security-best-practice.html">
|
||
|
||
<a href="../guide/kubernetes-security-best-practice.html">
|
||
|
||
|
||
<b>4.4.8.</b>
|
||
|
||
Kubernetes集群安全性配置最佳实践
|
||
|
||
</a>
|
||
|
||
|
||
|
||
</li>
|
||
|
||
|
||
</ul>
|
||
|
||
</li>
|
||
|
||
<li class="chapter " data-level="4.5" data-path="../guide/access-kubernetes-cluster.html">
|
||
|
||
<a href="../guide/access-kubernetes-cluster.html">
|
||
|
||
|
||
<b>4.5.</b>
|
||
|
||
访问Kubernetes集群
|
||
|
||
</a>
|
||
|
||
|
||
|
||
<ul class="articles">
|
||
|
||
|
||
<li class="chapter " data-level="4.5.1" data-path="../guide/access-cluster.html">
|
||
|
||
<a href="../guide/access-cluster.html">
|
||
|
||
|
||
<b>4.5.1.</b>
|
||
|
||
访问集群
|
||
|
||
</a>
|
||
|
||
|
||
|
||
</li>
|
||
|
||
<li class="chapter " data-level="4.5.2" data-path="../guide/authenticate-across-clusters-kubeconfig.html">
|
||
|
||
<a href="../guide/authenticate-across-clusters-kubeconfig.html">
|
||
|
||
|
||
<b>4.5.2.</b>
|
||
|
||
使用kubeconfig文件配置跨集群认证
|
||
|
||
</a>
|
||
|
||
|
||
|
||
</li>
|
||
|
||
<li class="chapter " data-level="4.5.3" data-path="../guide/connecting-to-applications-port-forward.html">
|
||
|
||
<a href="../guide/connecting-to-applications-port-forward.html">
|
||
|
||
|
||
<b>4.5.3.</b>
|
||
|
||
通过端口转发访问集群中的应用程序
|
||
|
||
</a>
|
||
|
||
|
||
|
||
</li>
|
||
|
||
<li class="chapter " data-level="4.5.4" data-path="../guide/service-access-application-cluster.html">
|
||
|
||
<a href="../guide/service-access-application-cluster.html">
|
||
|
||
|
||
<b>4.5.4.</b>
|
||
|
||
使用service访问群集中的应用程序
|
||
|
||
</a>
|
||
|
||
|
||
|
||
</li>
|
||
|
||
<li class="chapter " data-level="4.5.5" data-path="../guide/accessing-kubernetes-pods-from-outside-of-the-cluster.html">
|
||
|
||
<a href="../guide/accessing-kubernetes-pods-from-outside-of-the-cluster.html">
|
||
|
||
|
||
<b>4.5.5.</b>
|
||
|
||
从外部访问Kubernetes中的Pod
|
||
|
||
</a>
|
||
|
||
|
||
|
||
</li>
|
||
|
||
<li class="chapter " data-level="4.5.6" data-path="../guide/cabin-mobile-dashboard-for-kubernetes.html">
|
||
|
||
<a href="../guide/cabin-mobile-dashboard-for-kubernetes.html">
|
||
|
||
|
||
<b>4.5.6.</b>
|
||
|
||
Cabin - Kubernetes手机客户端
|
||
|
||
</a>
|
||
|
||
|
||
|
||
</li>
|
||
|
||
<li class="chapter " data-level="4.5.7" data-path="../guide/kubernetes-desktop-client.html">
|
||
|
||
<a href="../guide/kubernetes-desktop-client.html">
|
||
|
||
|
||
<b>4.5.7.</b>
|
||
|
||
Kubernetic - Kubernetes桌面客户端
|
||
|
||
</a>
|
||
|
||
|
||
|
||
</li>
|
||
|
||
<li class="chapter " data-level="4.5.8" data-path="../guide/kubernator-kubernetes-ui.html">
|
||
|
||
<a href="../guide/kubernator-kubernetes-ui.html">
|
||
|
||
|
||
<b>4.5.8.</b>
|
||
|
||
Kubernator - 更底层的Kubernetes UI
|
||
|
||
</a>
|
||
|
||
|
||
|
||
</li>
|
||
|
||
|
||
</ul>
|
||
|
||
</li>
|
||
|
||
<li class="chapter " data-level="4.6" data-path="../guide/application-development-deployment-flow.html">
|
||
|
||
<a href="../guide/application-development-deployment-flow.html">
|
||
|
||
|
||
<b>4.6.</b>
|
||
|
||
在Kubernetes中开发部署应用
|
||
|
||
</a>
|
||
|
||
|
||
|
||
<ul class="articles">
|
||
|
||
|
||
<li class="chapter " data-level="4.6.1" data-path="../guide/deploy-applications-in-kubernetes.html">
|
||
|
||
<a href="../guide/deploy-applications-in-kubernetes.html">
|
||
|
||
|
||
<b>4.6.1.</b>
|
||
|
||
适用于kubernetes的应用开发部署流程
|
||
|
||
</a>
|
||
|
||
|
||
|
||
</li>
|
||
|
||
<li class="chapter " data-level="4.6.2" data-path="../guide/migrating-hadoop-yarn-to-kubernetes.html">
|
||
|
||
<a href="../guide/migrating-hadoop-yarn-to-kubernetes.html">
|
||
|
||
|
||
<b>4.6.2.</b>
|
||
|
||
迁移传统应用到Kubernetes中——以Hadoop YARN为例
|
||
|
||
</a>
|
||
|
||
|
||
|
||
</li>
|
||
|
||
<li class="chapter " data-level="4.6.3" data-path="../guide/using-statefulset.html">
|
||
|
||
<a href="../guide/using-statefulset.html">
|
||
|
||
|
||
<b>4.6.3.</b>
|
||
|
||
使用StatefulSet部署用状态应用
|
||
|
||
</a>
|
||
|
||
|
||
|
||
</li>
|
||
|
||
|
||
</ul>
|
||
|
||
</li>
|
||
|
||
|
||
|
||
|
||
<li class="header">最佳实践</li>
|
||
|
||
|
||
|
||
<li class="chapter " data-level="5.1" data-path="../practice/">
|
||
|
||
<a href="../practice/">
|
||
|
||
|
||
<b>5.1.</b>
|
||
|
||
最佳实践概览
|
||
|
||
</a>
|
||
|
||
|
||
|
||
</li>
|
||
|
||
<li class="chapter " data-level="5.2" data-path="../practice/install-kubernetes-on-centos.html">
|
||
|
||
<a href="../practice/install-kubernetes-on-centos.html">
|
||
|
||
|
||
<b>5.2.</b>
|
||
|
||
在CentOS上部署Kubernetes集群
|
||
|
||
</a>
|
||
|
||
|
||
|
||
<ul class="articles">
|
||
|
||
|
||
<li class="chapter " data-level="5.2.1" data-path="../practice/create-tls-and-secret-key.html">
|
||
|
||
<a href="../practice/create-tls-and-secret-key.html">
|
||
|
||
|
||
<b>5.2.1.</b>
|
||
|
||
创建TLS证书和秘钥
|
||
|
||
</a>
|
||
|
||
|
||
|
||
</li>
|
||
|
||
<li class="chapter " data-level="5.2.2" data-path="../practice/create-kubeconfig.html">
|
||
|
||
<a href="../practice/create-kubeconfig.html">
|
||
|
||
|
||
<b>5.2.2.</b>
|
||
|
||
创建kubeconfig文件
|
||
|
||
</a>
|
||
|
||
|
||
|
||
</li>
|
||
|
||
<li class="chapter " data-level="5.2.3" data-path="../practice/etcd-cluster-installation.html">
|
||
|
||
<a href="../practice/etcd-cluster-installation.html">
|
||
|
||
|
||
<b>5.2.3.</b>
|
||
|
||
创建高可用etcd集群
|
||
|
||
</a>
|
||
|
||
|
||
|
||
</li>
|
||
|
||
<li class="chapter " data-level="5.2.4" data-path="../practice/kubectl-installation.html">
|
||
|
||
<a href="../practice/kubectl-installation.html">
|
||
|
||
|
||
<b>5.2.4.</b>
|
||
|
||
安装kubectl命令行工具
|
||
|
||
</a>
|
||
|
||
|
||
|
||
</li>
|
||
|
||
<li class="chapter " data-level="5.2.5" data-path="../practice/master-installation.html">
|
||
|
||
<a href="../practice/master-installation.html">
|
||
|
||
|
||
<b>5.2.5.</b>
|
||
|
||
部署master节点
|
||
|
||
</a>
|
||
|
||
|
||
|
||
</li>
|
||
|
||
<li class="chapter " data-level="5.2.6" data-path="../practice/flannel-installation.html">
|
||
|
||
<a href="../practice/flannel-installation.html">
|
||
|
||
|
||
<b>5.2.6.</b>
|
||
|
||
安装flannel网络插件
|
||
|
||
</a>
|
||
|
||
|
||
|
||
</li>
|
||
|
||
<li class="chapter " data-level="5.2.7" data-path="../practice/node-installation.html">
|
||
|
||
<a href="../practice/node-installation.html">
|
||
|
||
|
||
<b>5.2.7.</b>
|
||
|
||
部署node节点
|
||
|
||
</a>
|
||
|
||
|
||
|
||
</li>
|
||
|
||
<li class="chapter " data-level="5.2.8" data-path="../practice/kubedns-addon-installation.html">
|
||
|
||
<a href="../practice/kubedns-addon-installation.html">
|
||
|
||
|
||
<b>5.2.8.</b>
|
||
|
||
安装kubedns插件
|
||
|
||
</a>
|
||
|
||
|
||
|
||
</li>
|
||
|
||
<li class="chapter " data-level="5.2.9" data-path="../practice/dashboard-addon-installation.html">
|
||
|
||
<a href="../practice/dashboard-addon-installation.html">
|
||
|
||
|
||
<b>5.2.9.</b>
|
||
|
||
安装dashboard插件
|
||
|
||
</a>
|
||
|
||
|
||
|
||
</li>
|
||
|
||
<li class="chapter " data-level="5.2.10" data-path="../practice/heapster-addon-installation.html">
|
||
|
||
<a href="../practice/heapster-addon-installation.html">
|
||
|
||
|
||
<b>5.2.10.</b>
|
||
|
||
安装heapster插件
|
||
|
||
</a>
|
||
|
||
|
||
|
||
</li>
|
||
|
||
<li class="chapter " data-level="5.2.11" data-path="../practice/efk-addon-installation.html">
|
||
|
||
<a href="../practice/efk-addon-installation.html">
|
||
|
||
|
||
<b>5.2.11.</b>
|
||
|
||
安装EFK插件
|
||
|
||
</a>
|
||
|
||
|
||
|
||
</li>
|
||
|
||
|
||
</ul>
|
||
|
||
</li>
|
||
|
||
<li class="chapter " data-level="5.3" data-path="../practice/install-kubernetes-with-kubeadm.html">
|
||
|
||
<a href="../practice/install-kubernetes-with-kubeadm.html">
|
||
|
||
|
||
<b>5.3.</b>
|
||
|
||
使用kubeadm快速构建测试集群
|
||
|
||
</a>
|
||
|
||
|
||
|
||
<ul class="articles">
|
||
|
||
|
||
<li class="chapter " data-level="5.3.1" data-path="../practice/install-kubernetes-on-ubuntu-server-16.04-with-kubeadm.html">
|
||
|
||
<a href="../practice/install-kubernetes-on-ubuntu-server-16.04-with-kubeadm.html">
|
||
|
||
|
||
<b>5.3.1.</b>
|
||
|
||
使用kubeadm在Ubuntu Server 16.04上快速构建测试集群
|
||
|
||
</a>
|
||
|
||
|
||
|
||
</li>
|
||
|
||
|
||
</ul>
|
||
|
||
</li>
|
||
|
||
<li class="chapter " data-level="5.4" data-path="../practice/service-discovery-and-loadbalancing.html">
|
||
|
||
<a href="../practice/service-discovery-and-loadbalancing.html">
|
||
|
||
|
||
<b>5.4.</b>
|
||
|
||
服务发现与负载均衡
|
||
|
||
</a>
|
||
|
||
|
||
|
||
<ul class="articles">
|
||
|
||
|
||
<li class="chapter " data-level="5.4.1" data-path="../practice/traefik-ingress-installation.html">
|
||
|
||
<a href="../practice/traefik-ingress-installation.html">
|
||
|
||
|
||
<b>5.4.1.</b>
|
||
|
||
安装Traefik ingress
|
||
|
||
</a>
|
||
|
||
|
||
|
||
</li>
|
||
|
||
<li class="chapter " data-level="5.4.2" data-path="../practice/distributed-load-test.html">
|
||
|
||
<a href="../practice/distributed-load-test.html">
|
||
|
||
|
||
<b>5.4.2.</b>
|
||
|
||
分布式负载测试
|
||
|
||
</a>
|
||
|
||
|
||
|
||
</li>
|
||
|
||
<li class="chapter " data-level="5.4.3" data-path="../practice/network-and-cluster-perfermance-test.html">
|
||
|
||
<a href="../practice/network-and-cluster-perfermance-test.html">
|
||
|
||
|
||
<b>5.4.3.</b>
|
||
|
||
网络和集群性能测试
|
||
|
||
</a>
|
||
|
||
|
||
|
||
</li>
|
||
|
||
<li class="chapter " data-level="5.4.4" data-path="../practice/edge-node-configuration.html">
|
||
|
||
<a href="../practice/edge-node-configuration.html">
|
||
|
||
|
||
<b>5.4.4.</b>
|
||
|
||
边缘节点配置
|
||
|
||
</a>
|
||
|
||
|
||
|
||
</li>
|
||
|
||
<li class="chapter " data-level="5.4.5" data-path="../practice/nginx-ingress-installation.html">
|
||
|
||
<a href="../practice/nginx-ingress-installation.html">
|
||
|
||
|
||
<b>5.4.5.</b>
|
||
|
||
安装Nginx ingress
|
||
|
||
</a>
|
||
|
||
|
||
|
||
</li>
|
||
|
||
<li class="chapter " data-level="5.4.6" data-path="../practice/dns-installation.html">
|
||
|
||
<a href="../practice/dns-installation.html">
|
||
|
||
|
||
<b>5.4.6.</b>
|
||
|
||
安装配置DNS
|
||
|
||
</a>
|
||
|
||
|
||
|
||
<ul class="articles">
|
||
|
||
|
||
<li class="chapter " data-level="5.4.6.1" data-path="../practice/configuring-dns.html">
|
||
|
||
<a href="../practice/configuring-dns.html">
|
||
|
||
|
||
<b>5.4.6.1.</b>
|
||
|
||
安装配置Kube-dns
|
||
|
||
</a>
|
||
|
||
|
||
|
||
</li>
|
||
|
||
<li class="chapter " data-level="5.4.6.2" data-path="../practice/coredns.html">
|
||
|
||
<a href="../practice/coredns.html">
|
||
|
||
|
||
<b>5.4.6.2.</b>
|
||
|
||
安装配置CoreDNS
|
||
|
||
</a>
|
||
|
||
|
||
|
||
</li>
|
||
|
||
|
||
</ul>
|
||
|
||
</li>
|
||
|
||
|
||
</ul>
|
||
|
||
</li>
|
||
|
||
<li class="chapter " data-level="5.5" data-path="../practice/operation.html">
|
||
|
||
<a href="../practice/operation.html">
|
||
|
||
|
||
<b>5.5.</b>
|
||
|
||
运维管理
|
||
|
||
</a>
|
||
|
||
|
||
|
||
<ul class="articles">
|
||
|
||
|
||
<li class="chapter " data-level="5.5.1" data-path="../practice/master-ha.html">
|
||
|
||
<a href="../practice/master-ha.html">
|
||
|
||
|
||
<b>5.5.1.</b>
|
||
|
||
Master节点高可用
|
||
|
||
</a>
|
||
|
||
|
||
|
||
</li>
|
||
|
||
<li class="chapter " data-level="5.5.2" data-path="../practice/service-rolling-update.html">
|
||
|
||
<a href="../practice/service-rolling-update.html">
|
||
|
||
|
||
<b>5.5.2.</b>
|
||
|
||
服务滚动升级
|
||
|
||
</a>
|
||
|
||
|
||
|
||
</li>
|
||
|
||
<li class="chapter " data-level="5.5.3" data-path="../practice/app-log-collection.html">
|
||
|
||
<a href="../practice/app-log-collection.html">
|
||
|
||
|
||
<b>5.5.3.</b>
|
||
|
||
应用日志收集
|
||
|
||
</a>
|
||
|
||
|
||
|
||
</li>
|
||
|
||
<li class="chapter " data-level="5.5.4" data-path="../practice/configuration-best-practice.html">
|
||
|
||
<a href="../practice/configuration-best-practice.html">
|
||
|
||
|
||
<b>5.5.4.</b>
|
||
|
||
配置最佳实践
|
||
|
||
</a>
|
||
|
||
|
||
|
||
</li>
|
||
|
||
<li class="chapter " data-level="5.5.5" data-path="../practice/monitor.html">
|
||
|
||
<a href="../practice/monitor.html">
|
||
|
||
|
||
<b>5.5.5.</b>
|
||
|
||
集群及应用监控
|
||
|
||
</a>
|
||
|
||
|
||
|
||
</li>
|
||
|
||
<li class="chapter " data-level="5.5.6" data-path="../practice/data-persistence-problem.html">
|
||
|
||
<a href="../practice/data-persistence-problem.html">
|
||
|
||
|
||
<b>5.5.6.</b>
|
||
|
||
数据持久化问题
|
||
|
||
</a>
|
||
|
||
|
||
|
||
</li>
|
||
|
||
<li class="chapter " data-level="5.5.7" data-path="../practice/manage-compute-resources-container.html">
|
||
|
||
<a href="../practice/manage-compute-resources-container.html">
|
||
|
||
|
||
<b>5.5.7.</b>
|
||
|
||
管理容器的计算资源
|
||
|
||
</a>
|
||
|
||
|
||
|
||
</li>
|
||
|
||
<li class="chapter " data-level="5.5.8" data-path="../practice/federation.html">
|
||
|
||
<a href="../practice/federation.html">
|
||
|
||
|
||
<b>5.5.8.</b>
|
||
|
||
集群联邦
|
||
|
||
</a>
|
||
|
||
|
||
|
||
</li>
|
||
|
||
|
||
</ul>
|
||
|
||
</li>
|
||
|
||
<li class="chapter " data-level="5.6" data-path="../practice/storage.html">
|
||
|
||
<a href="../practice/storage.html">
|
||
|
||
|
||
<b>5.6.</b>
|
||
|
||
存储管理
|
||
|
||
</a>
|
||
|
||
|
||
|
||
<ul class="articles">
|
||
|
||
|
||
<li class="chapter " data-level="5.6.1" data-path="../practice/glusterfs.html">
|
||
|
||
<a href="../practice/glusterfs.html">
|
||
|
||
|
||
<b>5.6.1.</b>
|
||
|
||
GlusterFS
|
||
|
||
</a>
|
||
|
||
|
||
|
||
<ul class="articles">
|
||
|
||
|
||
<li class="chapter " data-level="5.6.1.1" data-path="../practice/using-glusterfs-for-persistent-storage.html">
|
||
|
||
<a href="../practice/using-glusterfs-for-persistent-storage.html">
|
||
|
||
|
||
<b>5.6.1.1.</b>
|
||
|
||
使用GlusterFS做持久化存储
|
||
|
||
</a>
|
||
|
||
|
||
|
||
</li>
|
||
|
||
<li class="chapter " data-level="5.6.1.2" data-path="../practice/using-heketi-gluster-for-persistent-storage.html">
|
||
|
||
<a href="../practice/using-heketi-gluster-for-persistent-storage.html">
|
||
|
||
|
||
<b>5.6.1.2.</b>
|
||
|
||
使用Heketi作为Kubernetes的持久存储GlusterFS的external provisioner
|
||
|
||
</a>
|
||
|
||
|
||
|
||
</li>
|
||
|
||
<li class="chapter " data-level="5.6.1.3" data-path="../practice/storage-for-containers-using-glusterfs-with-openshift.html">
|
||
|
||
<a href="../practice/storage-for-containers-using-glusterfs-with-openshift.html">
|
||
|
||
|
||
<b>5.6.1.3.</b>
|
||
|
||
在OpenShift中使用GlusterFS做持久化存储
|
||
|
||
</a>
|
||
|
||
|
||
|
||
</li>
|
||
|
||
|
||
</ul>
|
||
|
||
</li>
|
||
|
||
<li class="chapter " data-level="5.6.2" data-path="../practice/glusterd-2.0.html">
|
||
|
||
<a href="../practice/glusterd-2.0.html">
|
||
|
||
|
||
<b>5.6.2.</b>
|
||
|
||
GlusterD-2.0
|
||
|
||
</a>
|
||
|
||
|
||
|
||
</li>
|
||
|
||
<li class="chapter " data-level="5.6.3" data-path="../practice/ceph.html">
|
||
|
||
<a href="../practice/ceph.html">
|
||
|
||
|
||
<b>5.6.3.</b>
|
||
|
||
Ceph
|
||
|
||
</a>
|
||
|
||
|
||
|
||
<ul class="articles">
|
||
|
||
|
||
<li class="chapter " data-level="5.6.3.1" data-path="../practice/ceph-helm-install-guide-zh.html">
|
||
|
||
<a href="../practice/ceph-helm-install-guide-zh.html">
|
||
|
||
|
||
<b>5.6.3.1.</b>
|
||
|
||
用Helm托管安装Ceph集群并提供后端存储
|
||
|
||
</a>
|
||
|
||
|
||
|
||
</li>
|
||
|
||
<li class="chapter " data-level="5.6.3.2" data-path="../practice/using-ceph-for-persistent-storage.html">
|
||
|
||
<a href="../practice/using-ceph-for-persistent-storage.html">
|
||
|
||
|
||
<b>5.6.3.2.</b>
|
||
|
||
使用Ceph做持久化存储
|
||
|
||
</a>
|
||
|
||
|
||
|
||
</li>
|
||
|
||
|
||
</ul>
|
||
|
||
</li>
|
||
|
||
<li class="chapter " data-level="5.6.4" data-path="../practice/openebs.html">
|
||
|
||
<a href="../practice/openebs.html">
|
||
|
||
|
||
<b>5.6.4.</b>
|
||
|
||
OpenEBS
|
||
|
||
</a>
|
||
|
||
|
||
|
||
<ul class="articles">
|
||
|
||
|
||
<li class="chapter " data-level="5.6.4.1" data-path="../practice/using-openebs-for-persistent-storage.html">
|
||
|
||
<a href="../practice/using-openebs-for-persistent-storage.html">
|
||
|
||
|
||
<b>5.6.4.1.</b>
|
||
|
||
使用OpenEBS做持久化存储
|
||
|
||
</a>
|
||
|
||
|
||
|
||
</li>
|
||
|
||
|
||
</ul>
|
||
|
||
</li>
|
||
|
||
<li class="chapter " data-level="5.6.5" data-path="../practice/rook.html">
|
||
|
||
<a href="../practice/rook.html">
|
||
|
||
|
||
<b>5.6.5.</b>
|
||
|
||
Rook
|
||
|
||
</a>
|
||
|
||
|
||
|
||
</li>
|
||
|
||
<li class="chapter " data-level="5.6.6" data-path="../practice/nfs.html">
|
||
|
||
<a href="../practice/nfs.html">
|
||
|
||
|
||
<b>5.6.6.</b>
|
||
|
||
NFS
|
||
|
||
</a>
|
||
|
||
|
||
|
||
<ul class="articles">
|
||
|
||
|
||
<li class="chapter " data-level="5.6.6.1" data-path="../practice/using-nfs-for-persistent-storage.html">
|
||
|
||
<a href="../practice/using-nfs-for-persistent-storage.html">
|
||
|
||
|
||
<b>5.6.6.1.</b>
|
||
|
||
利用NFS动态提供Kubernetes后端存储卷
|
||
|
||
</a>
|
||
|
||
|
||
|
||
</li>
|
||
|
||
|
||
</ul>
|
||
|
||
</li>
|
||
|
||
|
||
</ul>
|
||
|
||
</li>
|
||
|
||
<li class="chapter " data-level="5.7" data-path="../practice/monitoring.html">
|
||
|
||
<a href="../practice/monitoring.html">
|
||
|
||
|
||
<b>5.7.</b>
|
||
|
||
集群与应用监控
|
||
|
||
</a>
|
||
|
||
|
||
|
||
<ul class="articles">
|
||
|
||
|
||
<li class="chapter " data-level="5.7.1" data-path="../practice/heapster.html">
|
||
|
||
<a href="../practice/heapster.html">
|
||
|
||
|
||
<b>5.7.1.</b>
|
||
|
||
Heapster
|
||
|
||
</a>
|
||
|
||
|
||
|
||
<ul class="articles">
|
||
|
||
|
||
<li class="chapter " data-level="5.7.1.1" data-path="../practice/using-heapster-to-get-object-metrics.html">
|
||
|
||
<a href="../practice/using-heapster-to-get-object-metrics.html">
|
||
|
||
|
||
<b>5.7.1.1.</b>
|
||
|
||
使用Heapster获取集群和对象的metric数据
|
||
|
||
</a>
|
||
|
||
|
||
|
||
</li>
|
||
|
||
|
||
</ul>
|
||
|
||
</li>
|
||
|
||
<li class="chapter " data-level="5.7.2" data-path="../practice/prometheus.html">
|
||
|
||
<a href="../practice/prometheus.html">
|
||
|
||
|
||
<b>5.7.2.</b>
|
||
|
||
Prometheus
|
||
|
||
</a>
|
||
|
||
|
||
|
||
<ul class="articles">
|
||
|
||
|
||
<li class="chapter " data-level="5.7.2.1" data-path="../practice/using-prometheus-to-monitor-kuberentes-cluster.html">
|
||
|
||
<a href="../practice/using-prometheus-to-monitor-kuberentes-cluster.html">
|
||
|
||
|
||
<b>5.7.2.1.</b>
|
||
|
||
使用Prometheus监控kubernetes集群
|
||
|
||
</a>
|
||
|
||
|
||
|
||
</li>
|
||
|
||
|
||
</ul>
|
||
|
||
</li>
|
||
|
||
<li class="chapter " data-level="5.7.3" data-path="../practice/vistio-visualize-your-istio-mesh.html">
|
||
|
||
<a href="../practice/vistio-visualize-your-istio-mesh.html">
|
||
|
||
|
||
<b>5.7.3.</b>
|
||
|
||
使用Vistio监控Istio服务网格中的流量
|
||
|
||
</a>
|
||
|
||
|
||
|
||
</li>
|
||
|
||
|
||
</ul>
|
||
|
||
</li>
|
||
|
||
<li class="chapter " data-level="5.8" data-path="../practice/services-management-tool.html">
|
||
|
||
<a href="../practice/services-management-tool.html">
|
||
|
||
|
||
<b>5.8.</b>
|
||
|
||
服务编排管理
|
||
|
||
</a>
|
||
|
||
|
||
|
||
<ul class="articles">
|
||
|
||
|
||
<li class="chapter " data-level="5.8.1" data-path="../practice/helm.html">
|
||
|
||
<a href="../practice/helm.html">
|
||
|
||
|
||
<b>5.8.1.</b>
|
||
|
||
使用Helm管理Kubernetes应用
|
||
|
||
</a>
|
||
|
||
|
||
|
||
</li>
|
||
|
||
<li class="chapter " data-level="5.8.2" data-path="../practice/create-private-charts-repo.html">
|
||
|
||
<a href="../practice/create-private-charts-repo.html">
|
||
|
||
|
||
<b>5.8.2.</b>
|
||
|
||
构建私有Chart仓库
|
||
|
||
</a>
|
||
|
||
|
||
|
||
</li>
|
||
|
||
|
||
</ul>
|
||
|
||
</li>
|
||
|
||
<li class="chapter " data-level="5.9" data-path="../practice/ci-cd.html">
|
||
|
||
<a href="../practice/ci-cd.html">
|
||
|
||
|
||
<b>5.9.</b>
|
||
|
||
持续集成与发布
|
||
|
||
</a>
|
||
|
||
|
||
|
||
<ul class="articles">
|
||
|
||
|
||
<li class="chapter " data-level="5.9.1" data-path="../practice/jenkins-ci-cd.html">
|
||
|
||
<a href="../practice/jenkins-ci-cd.html">
|
||
|
||
|
||
<b>5.9.1.</b>
|
||
|
||
使用Jenkins进行持续集成与发布
|
||
|
||
</a>
|
||
|
||
|
||
|
||
</li>
|
||
|
||
<li class="chapter " data-level="5.9.2" data-path="../practice/drone-ci-cd.html">
|
||
|
||
<a href="../practice/drone-ci-cd.html">
|
||
|
||
|
||
<b>5.9.2.</b>
|
||
|
||
使用Drone进行持续集成与发布
|
||
|
||
</a>
|
||
|
||
|
||
|
||
</li>
|
||
|
||
|
||
</ul>
|
||
|
||
</li>
|
||
|
||
<li class="chapter " data-level="5.10" data-path="../practice/update-and-upgrade.html">
|
||
|
||
<a href="../practice/update-and-upgrade.html">
|
||
|
||
|
||
<b>5.10.</b>
|
||
|
||
更新与升级
|
||
|
||
</a>
|
||
|
||
|
||
|
||
<ul class="articles">
|
||
|
||
|
||
<li class="chapter " data-level="5.10.1" data-path="../practice/manually-upgrade.html">
|
||
|
||
<a href="../practice/manually-upgrade.html">
|
||
|
||
|
||
<b>5.10.1.</b>
|
||
|
||
手动升级Kubernetes集群
|
||
|
||
</a>
|
||
|
||
|
||
|
||
</li>
|
||
|
||
<li class="chapter " data-level="5.10.2" data-path="../practice/dashboard-upgrade.html">
|
||
|
||
<a href="../practice/dashboard-upgrade.html">
|
||
|
||
|
||
<b>5.10.2.</b>
|
||
|
||
升级dashboard
|
||
|
||
</a>
|
||
|
||
|
||
|
||
</li>
|
||
|
||
|
||
</ul>
|
||
|
||
</li>
|
||
|
||
|
||
|
||
|
||
<li class="header">领域应用</li>
|
||
|
||
|
||
|
||
<li class="chapter " data-level="6.1" data-path="../usecases/">
|
||
|
||
<a href="../usecases/">
|
||
|
||
|
||
<b>6.1.</b>
|
||
|
||
领域应用概览
|
||
|
||
</a>
|
||
|
||
|
||
|
||
</li>
|
||
|
||
<li class="chapter " data-level="6.2" data-path="../usecases/microservices.html">
|
||
|
||
<a href="../usecases/microservices.html">
|
||
|
||
|
||
<b>6.2.</b>
|
||
|
||
微服务架构
|
||
|
||
</a>
|
||
|
||
|
||
|
||
<ul class="articles">
|
||
|
||
|
||
<li class="chapter " data-level="6.2.1" data-path="../usecases/service-discovery-in-microservices.html">
|
||
|
||
<a href="../usecases/service-discovery-in-microservices.html">
|
||
|
||
|
||
<b>6.2.1.</b>
|
||
|
||
微服务中的服务发现
|
||
|
||
</a>
|
||
|
||
|
||
|
||
</li>
|
||
|
||
<li class="chapter " data-level="6.2.2" data-path="../usecases/microservices-for-java-developers.html">
|
||
|
||
<a href="../usecases/microservices-for-java-developers.html">
|
||
|
||
|
||
<b>6.2.2.</b>
|
||
|
||
使用Java构建微服务并发布到Kubernetes平台
|
||
|
||
</a>
|
||
|
||
|
||
|
||
<ul class="articles">
|
||
|
||
|
||
<li class="chapter " data-level="6.2.2.1" data-path="../usecases/spring-boot-quick-start-guide.html">
|
||
|
||
<a href="../usecases/spring-boot-quick-start-guide.html">
|
||
|
||
|
||
<b>6.2.2.1.</b>
|
||
|
||
Spring Boot快速开始指南
|
||
|
||
</a>
|
||
|
||
|
||
|
||
</li>
|
||
|
||
|
||
</ul>
|
||
|
||
</li>
|
||
|
||
|
||
</ul>
|
||
|
||
</li>
|
||
|
||
<li class="chapter " data-level="6.3" data-path="../usecases/service-mesh.html">
|
||
|
||
<a href="../usecases/service-mesh.html">
|
||
|
||
|
||
<b>6.3.</b>
|
||
|
||
Service Mesh 服务网格
|
||
|
||
</a>
|
||
|
||
|
||
|
||
<ul class="articles">
|
||
|
||
|
||
<li class="chapter " data-level="6.3.1" data-path="../usecases/the-enterprise-path-to-service-mesh-architectures.html">
|
||
|
||
<a href="../usecases/the-enterprise-path-to-service-mesh-architectures.html">
|
||
|
||
|
||
<b>6.3.1.</b>
|
||
|
||
企业级服务网格架构
|
||
|
||
</a>
|
||
|
||
|
||
|
||
<ul class="articles">
|
||
|
||
|
||
<li class="chapter " data-level="6.3.1.1" data-path="../usecases/service-mesh-fundamental.html">
|
||
|
||
<a href="../usecases/service-mesh-fundamental.html">
|
||
|
||
|
||
<b>6.3.1.1.</b>
|
||
|
||
Service Mesh基础
|
||
|
||
</a>
|
||
|
||
|
||
|
||
</li>
|
||
|
||
<li class="chapter " data-level="6.3.1.2" data-path="../usecases/comparing-service-mesh-technologies.html">
|
||
|
||
<a href="../usecases/comparing-service-mesh-technologies.html">
|
||
|
||
|
||
<b>6.3.1.2.</b>
|
||
|
||
Service Mesh技术对比
|
||
|
||
</a>
|
||
|
||
|
||
|
||
</li>
|
||
|
||
<li class="chapter " data-level="6.3.1.3" data-path="../usecases/service-mesh-adoption-and-evolution.html">
|
||
|
||
<a href="../usecases/service-mesh-adoption-and-evolution.html">
|
||
|
||
|
||
<b>6.3.1.3.</b>
|
||
|
||
采纳和演进
|
||
|
||
</a>
|
||
|
||
|
||
|
||
</li>
|
||
|
||
<li class="chapter " data-level="6.3.1.4" data-path="../usecases/service-mesh-customization-and-integration.html">
|
||
|
||
<a href="../usecases/service-mesh-customization-and-integration.html">
|
||
|
||
|
||
<b>6.3.1.4.</b>
|
||
|
||
定制和集成
|
||
|
||
</a>
|
||
|
||
|
||
|
||
</li>
|
||
|
||
<li class="chapter " data-level="6.3.1.5" data-path="../usecases/service-mesh-conclusion.html">
|
||
|
||
<a href="../usecases/service-mesh-conclusion.html">
|
||
|
||
|
||
<b>6.3.1.5.</b>
|
||
|
||
总结
|
||
|
||
</a>
|
||
|
||
|
||
|
||
</li>
|
||
|
||
|
||
</ul>
|
||
|
||
</li>
|
||
|
||
<li class="chapter " data-level="6.3.2" data-path="../usecases/istio.html">
|
||
|
||
<a href="../usecases/istio.html">
|
||
|
||
|
||
<b>6.3.2.</b>
|
||
|
||
Istio
|
||
|
||
</a>
|
||
|
||
|
||
|
||
<ul class="articles">
|
||
|
||
|
||
<li class="chapter " data-level="6.3.2.1" data-path="../usecases/istio-installation.html">
|
||
|
||
<a href="../usecases/istio-installation.html">
|
||
|
||
|
||
<b>6.3.2.1.</b>
|
||
|
||
安装并试用Istio service mesh
|
||
|
||
</a>
|
||
|
||
|
||
|
||
</li>
|
||
|
||
<li class="chapter " data-level="6.3.2.2" data-path="../usecases/configuring-request-routing.html">
|
||
|
||
<a href="../usecases/configuring-request-routing.html">
|
||
|
||
|
||
<b>6.3.2.2.</b>
|
||
|
||
配置请求的路由规则
|
||
|
||
</a>
|
||
|
||
|
||
|
||
</li>
|
||
|
||
<li class="chapter " data-level="6.3.2.3" data-path="../usecases/install-and-expand-istio-mesh.html">
|
||
|
||
<a href="../usecases/install-and-expand-istio-mesh.html">
|
||
|
||
|
||
<b>6.3.2.3.</b>
|
||
|
||
安装和拓展Istio service mesh
|
||
|
||
</a>
|
||
|
||
|
||
|
||
</li>
|
||
|
||
<li class="chapter " data-level="6.3.2.4" data-path="../usecases/integrating-vms.html">
|
||
|
||
<a href="../usecases/integrating-vms.html">
|
||
|
||
|
||
<b>6.3.2.4.</b>
|
||
|
||
集成虚拟机
|
||
|
||
</a>
|
||
|
||
|
||
|
||
</li>
|
||
|
||
<li class="chapter " data-level="6.3.2.5" data-path="../usecases/sidecar-spec-in-istio.html">
|
||
|
||
<a href="../usecases/sidecar-spec-in-istio.html">
|
||
|
||
|
||
<b>6.3.2.5.</b>
|
||
|
||
Istio中sidecar的注入规范及示例
|
||
|
||
</a>
|
||
|
||
|
||
|
||
</li>
|
||
|
||
<li class="chapter " data-level="6.3.2.6" data-path="../usecases/istio-community-tips.html">
|
||
|
||
<a href="../usecases/istio-community-tips.html">
|
||
|
||
|
||
<b>6.3.2.6.</b>
|
||
|
||
如何参与Istio社区及注意事项
|
||
|
||
</a>
|
||
|
||
|
||
|
||
</li>
|
||
|
||
<li class="chapter " data-level="6.3.2.7" data-path="../usecases/istio-tutorial.html">
|
||
|
||
<a href="../usecases/istio-tutorial.html">
|
||
|
||
|
||
<b>6.3.2.7.</b>
|
||
|
||
Istio教程
|
||
|
||
</a>
|
||
|
||
|
||
|
||
</li>
|
||
|
||
<li class="chapter " data-level="6.3.2.8" data-path="../usecases/istio-tutorials-collection.html">
|
||
|
||
<a href="../usecases/istio-tutorials-collection.html">
|
||
|
||
|
||
<b>6.3.2.8.</b>
|
||
|
||
Istio免费学习资源汇总
|
||
|
||
</a>
|
||
|
||
|
||
|
||
</li>
|
||
|
||
<li class="chapter " data-level="6.3.2.9" data-path="../usecases/understand-sidecar-injection-and-traffic-hijack-in-istio-service-mesh.html">
|
||
|
||
<a href="../usecases/understand-sidecar-injection-and-traffic-hijack-in-istio-service-mesh.html">
|
||
|
||
|
||
<b>6.3.2.9.</b>
|
||
|
||
深入理解Istio中的Sidecar注入与流量劫持
|
||
|
||
</a>
|
||
|
||
|
||
|
||
</li>
|
||
|
||
|
||
</ul>
|
||
|
||
</li>
|
||
|
||
<li class="chapter " data-level="6.3.3" data-path="../usecases/linkerd.html">
|
||
|
||
<a href="../usecases/linkerd.html">
|
||
|
||
|
||
<b>6.3.3.</b>
|
||
|
||
Linkerd
|
||
|
||
</a>
|
||
|
||
|
||
|
||
<ul class="articles">
|
||
|
||
|
||
<li class="chapter " data-level="6.3.3.1" data-path="../usecases/linkerd-user-guide.html">
|
||
|
||
<a href="../usecases/linkerd-user-guide.html">
|
||
|
||
|
||
<b>6.3.3.1.</b>
|
||
|
||
Linkerd 使用指南
|
||
|
||
</a>
|
||
|
||
|
||
|
||
</li>
|
||
|
||
|
||
</ul>
|
||
|
||
</li>
|
||
|
||
<li class="chapter " data-level="6.3.4" data-path="../usecases/conduit.html">
|
||
|
||
<a href="../usecases/conduit.html">
|
||
|
||
|
||
<b>6.3.4.</b>
|
||
|
||
Conduit
|
||
|
||
</a>
|
||
|
||
|
||
|
||
<ul class="articles">
|
||
|
||
|
||
<li class="chapter " data-level="6.3.4.1" data-path="../usecases/conduit-overview.html">
|
||
|
||
<a href="../usecases/conduit-overview.html">
|
||
|
||
|
||
<b>6.3.4.1.</b>
|
||
|
||
Condiut概览
|
||
|
||
</a>
|
||
|
||
|
||
|
||
</li>
|
||
|
||
<li class="chapter " data-level="6.3.4.2" data-path="../usecases/conduit-installation.html">
|
||
|
||
<a href="../usecases/conduit-installation.html">
|
||
|
||
|
||
<b>6.3.4.2.</b>
|
||
|
||
安装Conduit
|
||
|
||
</a>
|
||
|
||
|
||
|
||
</li>
|
||
|
||
|
||
</ul>
|
||
|
||
</li>
|
||
|
||
<li class="chapter " data-level="6.3.5" data-path="../usecases/envoy.html">
|
||
|
||
<a href="../usecases/envoy.html">
|
||
|
||
|
||
<b>6.3.5.</b>
|
||
|
||
Envoy
|
||
|
||
</a>
|
||
|
||
|
||
|
||
<ul class="articles">
|
||
|
||
|
||
<li class="chapter " data-level="6.3.5.1" data-path="../usecases/envoy-terminology.html">
|
||
|
||
<a href="../usecases/envoy-terminology.html">
|
||
|
||
|
||
<b>6.3.5.1.</b>
|
||
|
||
Envoy的架构与基本术语
|
||
|
||
</a>
|
||
|
||
|
||
|
||
</li>
|
||
|
||
<li class="chapter " data-level="6.3.5.2" data-path="../usecases/envoy-front-proxy.html">
|
||
|
||
<a href="../usecases/envoy-front-proxy.html">
|
||
|
||
|
||
<b>6.3.5.2.</b>
|
||
|
||
Envoy作为前端代理
|
||
|
||
</a>
|
||
|
||
|
||
|
||
</li>
|
||
|
||
<li class="chapter " data-level="6.3.5.3" data-path="../usecases/envoy-mesh-in-kubernetes-tutorial.html">
|
||
|
||
<a href="../usecases/envoy-mesh-in-kubernetes-tutorial.html">
|
||
|
||
|
||
<b>6.3.5.3.</b>
|
||
|
||
Envoy mesh教程
|
||
|
||
</a>
|
||
|
||
|
||
|
||
</li>
|
||
|
||
|
||
</ul>
|
||
|
||
</li>
|
||
|
||
<li class="chapter " data-level="6.3.6" data-path="../usecases/sofamesh.html">
|
||
|
||
<a href="../usecases/sofamesh.html">
|
||
|
||
|
||
<b>6.3.6.</b>
|
||
|
||
SOFAMesh
|
||
|
||
</a>
|
||
|
||
|
||
|
||
<ul class="articles">
|
||
|
||
|
||
<li class="chapter " data-level="6.3.6.1" data-path="../usecases/dubbo-on-x-protocol-in-sofa-mesh.html">
|
||
|
||
<a href="../usecases/dubbo-on-x-protocol-in-sofa-mesh.html">
|
||
|
||
|
||
<b>6.3.6.1.</b>
|
||
|
||
SOFAMesh中的Dubbo on x-protocol
|
||
|
||
</a>
|
||
|
||
|
||
|
||
</li>
|
||
|
||
|
||
</ul>
|
||
|
||
</li>
|
||
|
||
<li class="chapter " data-level="6.3.7" data-path="../usecases/sofamosn.html">
|
||
|
||
<a href="../usecases/sofamosn.html">
|
||
|
||
|
||
<b>6.3.7.</b>
|
||
|
||
SOFAMosn
|
||
|
||
</a>
|
||
|
||
|
||
|
||
</li>
|
||
|
||
|
||
</ul>
|
||
|
||
</li>
|
||
|
||
<li class="chapter " data-level="6.4" data-path="../usecases/big-data.html">
|
||
|
||
<a href="../usecases/big-data.html">
|
||
|
||
|
||
<b>6.4.</b>
|
||
|
||
大数据
|
||
|
||
</a>
|
||
|
||
|
||
|
||
<ul class="articles">
|
||
|
||
|
||
<li class="chapter " data-level="6.4.1" data-path="../usecases/spark-standalone-on-kubernetes.html">
|
||
|
||
<a href="../usecases/spark-standalone-on-kubernetes.html">
|
||
|
||
|
||
<b>6.4.1.</b>
|
||
|
||
Spark standalone on Kubernetes
|
||
|
||
</a>
|
||
|
||
|
||
|
||
</li>
|
||
|
||
<li class="chapter " data-level="6.4.2" data-path="../usecases/running-spark-with-kubernetes-native-scheduler.html">
|
||
|
||
<a href="../usecases/running-spark-with-kubernetes-native-scheduler.html">
|
||
|
||
|
||
<b>6.4.2.</b>
|
||
|
||
运行支持Kubernetes原生调度的Spark程序
|
||
|
||
</a>
|
||
|
||
|
||
|
||
</li>
|
||
|
||
|
||
</ul>
|
||
|
||
</li>
|
||
|
||
<li class="chapter " data-level="6.5" data-path="../usecases/serverless.html">
|
||
|
||
<a href="../usecases/serverless.html">
|
||
|
||
|
||
<b>6.5.</b>
|
||
|
||
Serverless架构
|
||
|
||
</a>
|
||
|
||
|
||
|
||
<ul class="articles">
|
||
|
||
|
||
<li class="chapter " data-level="6.5.1" data-path="../usecases/understanding-serverless.html">
|
||
|
||
<a href="../usecases/understanding-serverless.html">
|
||
|
||
|
||
<b>6.5.1.</b>
|
||
|
||
理解Serverless
|
||
|
||
</a>
|
||
|
||
|
||
|
||
</li>
|
||
|
||
<li class="chapter " data-level="6.5.2" data-path="../usecases/faas.html">
|
||
|
||
<a href="../usecases/faas.html">
|
||
|
||
|
||
<b>6.5.2.</b>
|
||
|
||
FaaS-函数即服务
|
||
|
||
</a>
|
||
|
||
|
||
|
||
<ul class="articles">
|
||
|
||
|
||
<li class="chapter " data-level="6.5.2.1" data-path="../usecases/openfaas-quick-start.html">
|
||
|
||
<a href="../usecases/openfaas-quick-start.html">
|
||
|
||
|
||
<b>6.5.2.1.</b>
|
||
|
||
OpenFaaS快速入门指南
|
||
|
||
</a>
|
||
|
||
|
||
|
||
</li>
|
||
|
||
|
||
</ul>
|
||
|
||
</li>
|
||
|
||
|
||
</ul>
|
||
|
||
</li>
|
||
|
||
<li class="chapter " data-level="6.6" data-path="../usecases/edge-computing.html">
|
||
|
||
<a href="../usecases/edge-computing.html">
|
||
|
||
|
||
<b>6.6.</b>
|
||
|
||
边缘计算
|
||
|
||
</a>
|
||
|
||
|
||
|
||
</li>
|
||
|
||
<li class="chapter " data-level="6.7" data-path="../usecases/ai.html">
|
||
|
||
<a href="../usecases/ai.html">
|
||
|
||
|
||
<b>6.7.</b>
|
||
|
||
人工智能
|
||
|
||
</a>
|
||
|
||
|
||
|
||
</li>
|
||
|
||
|
||
|
||
|
||
<li class="header">开发指南</li>
|
||
|
||
|
||
|
||
<li class="chapter " data-level="7.1" data-path="../develop/">
|
||
|
||
<a href="../develop/">
|
||
|
||
|
||
<b>7.1.</b>
|
||
|
||
开发指南概览
|
||
|
||
</a>
|
||
|
||
|
||
|
||
</li>
|
||
|
||
<li class="chapter " data-level="7.2" data-path="../develop/sigs-and-working-group.html">
|
||
|
||
<a href="../develop/sigs-and-working-group.html">
|
||
|
||
|
||
<b>7.2.</b>
|
||
|
||
SIG和工作组
|
||
|
||
</a>
|
||
|
||
|
||
|
||
</li>
|
||
|
||
<li class="chapter " data-level="7.3" data-path="../develop/developing-environment.html">
|
||
|
||
<a href="../develop/developing-environment.html">
|
||
|
||
|
||
<b>7.3.</b>
|
||
|
||
开发环境搭建
|
||
|
||
</a>
|
||
|
||
|
||
|
||
</li>
|
||
|
||
<li class="chapter " data-level="7.4" data-path="../develop/using-vagrant-and-virtualbox-for-development.html">
|
||
|
||
<a href="../develop/using-vagrant-and-virtualbox-for-development.html">
|
||
|
||
|
||
<b>7.4.</b>
|
||
|
||
本地分布式开发环境搭建(使用Vagrant和Virtualbox)
|
||
|
||
</a>
|
||
|
||
|
||
|
||
</li>
|
||
|
||
<li class="chapter " data-level="7.5" data-path="../develop/testing.html">
|
||
|
||
<a href="../develop/testing.html">
|
||
|
||
|
||
<b>7.5.</b>
|
||
|
||
单元测试和集成测试
|
||
|
||
</a>
|
||
|
||
|
||
|
||
</li>
|
||
|
||
<li class="chapter " data-level="7.6" data-path="../develop/client-go-sample.html">
|
||
|
||
<a href="../develop/client-go-sample.html">
|
||
|
||
|
||
<b>7.6.</b>
|
||
|
||
client-go示例
|
||
|
||
</a>
|
||
|
||
|
||
|
||
</li>
|
||
|
||
<li class="chapter " data-level="7.7" data-path="../develop/operator.html">
|
||
|
||
<a href="../develop/operator.html">
|
||
|
||
|
||
<b>7.7.</b>
|
||
|
||
Operator
|
||
|
||
</a>
|
||
|
||
|
||
|
||
</li>
|
||
|
||
<li class="chapter " data-level="7.8" data-path="../develop/operator-sdk.html">
|
||
|
||
<a href="../develop/operator-sdk.html">
|
||
|
||
|
||
<b>7.8.</b>
|
||
|
||
operator-sdk
|
||
|
||
</a>
|
||
|
||
|
||
|
||
</li>
|
||
|
||
<li class="chapter " data-level="7.9" data-path="../develop/advance-developer.html">
|
||
|
||
<a href="../develop/advance-developer.html">
|
||
|
||
|
||
<b>7.9.</b>
|
||
|
||
高级开发指南
|
||
|
||
</a>
|
||
|
||
|
||
|
||
</li>
|
||
|
||
<li class="chapter " data-level="7.10" data-path="../develop/contribute.html">
|
||
|
||
<a href="../develop/contribute.html">
|
||
|
||
|
||
<b>7.10.</b>
|
||
|
||
社区贡献
|
||
|
||
</a>
|
||
|
||
|
||
|
||
</li>
|
||
|
||
<li class="chapter " data-level="7.11" data-path="../develop/minikube.html">
|
||
|
||
<a href="../develop/minikube.html">
|
||
|
||
|
||
<b>7.11.</b>
|
||
|
||
Minikube
|
||
|
||
</a>
|
||
|
||
|
||
|
||
</li>
|
||
|
||
|
||
|
||
|
||
<li class="header">附录</li>
|
||
|
||
|
||
|
||
<li class="chapter " data-level="8.1" data-path="../appendix/">
|
||
|
||
<a href="../appendix/">
|
||
|
||
|
||
<b>8.1.</b>
|
||
|
||
附录说明
|
||
|
||
</a>
|
||
|
||
|
||
|
||
</li>
|
||
|
||
<li class="chapter " data-level="8.2" data-path="../appendix/debug-kubernetes-services.html">
|
||
|
||
<a href="../appendix/debug-kubernetes-services.html">
|
||
|
||
|
||
<b>8.2.</b>
|
||
|
||
Kubernetes中的应用故障排查
|
||
|
||
</a>
|
||
|
||
|
||
|
||
</li>
|
||
|
||
<li class="chapter " data-level="8.3" data-path="../appendix/material-share.html">
|
||
|
||
<a href="../appendix/material-share.html">
|
||
|
||
|
||
<b>8.3.</b>
|
||
|
||
Kubernetes相关资讯和情报链接
|
||
|
||
</a>
|
||
|
||
|
||
|
||
</li>
|
||
|
||
<li class="chapter " data-level="8.4" data-path="../appendix/docker-best-practice.html">
|
||
|
||
<a href="../appendix/docker-best-practice.html">
|
||
|
||
|
||
<b>8.4.</b>
|
||
|
||
Docker最佳实践
|
||
|
||
</a>
|
||
|
||
|
||
|
||
</li>
|
||
|
||
<li class="chapter " data-level="8.5" data-path="../appendix/tricks.html">
|
||
|
||
<a href="../appendix/tricks.html">
|
||
|
||
|
||
<b>8.5.</b>
|
||
|
||
使用技巧
|
||
|
||
</a>
|
||
|
||
|
||
|
||
</li>
|
||
|
||
<li class="chapter " data-level="8.6" data-path="../appendix/issues.html">
|
||
|
||
<a href="../appendix/issues.html">
|
||
|
||
|
||
<b>8.6.</b>
|
||
|
||
问题记录
|
||
|
||
</a>
|
||
|
||
|
||
|
||
</li>
|
||
|
||
<li class="chapter " data-level="8.7" data-path="../appendix/kubernetes-changelog.html">
|
||
|
||
<a href="../appendix/kubernetes-changelog.html">
|
||
|
||
|
||
<b>8.7.</b>
|
||
|
||
Kubernetes版本更新日志
|
||
|
||
</a>
|
||
|
||
|
||
|
||
<ul class="articles">
|
||
|
||
|
||
<li class="chapter " data-level="8.7.1" data-path="../appendix/kubernetes-1.7-changelog.html">
|
||
|
||
<a href="../appendix/kubernetes-1.7-changelog.html">
|
||
|
||
|
||
<b>8.7.1.</b>
|
||
|
||
Kubernetes1.7更新日志
|
||
|
||
</a>
|
||
|
||
|
||
|
||
</li>
|
||
|
||
<li class="chapter " data-level="8.7.2" data-path="../appendix/kubernetes-1.8-changelog.html">
|
||
|
||
<a href="../appendix/kubernetes-1.8-changelog.html">
|
||
|
||
|
||
<b>8.7.2.</b>
|
||
|
||
Kubernetes1.8更新日志
|
||
|
||
</a>
|
||
|
||
|
||
|
||
</li>
|
||
|
||
<li class="chapter " data-level="8.7.3" data-path="../appendix/kubernetes-1.9-changelog.html">
|
||
|
||
<a href="../appendix/kubernetes-1.9-changelog.html">
|
||
|
||
|
||
<b>8.7.3.</b>
|
||
|
||
Kubernetes1.9更新日志
|
||
|
||
</a>
|
||
|
||
|
||
|
||
</li>
|
||
|
||
<li class="chapter " data-level="8.7.4" data-path="../appendix/kubernetes-1.10-changelog.html">
|
||
|
||
<a href="../appendix/kubernetes-1.10-changelog.html">
|
||
|
||
|
||
<b>8.7.4.</b>
|
||
|
||
Kubernetes1.10更新日志
|
||
|
||
</a>
|
||
|
||
|
||
|
||
</li>
|
||
|
||
<li class="chapter " data-level="8.7.5" data-path="../appendix/kubernetes-1.11-changelog.html">
|
||
|
||
<a href="../appendix/kubernetes-1.11-changelog.html">
|
||
|
||
|
||
<b>8.7.5.</b>
|
||
|
||
Kubernetes1.11更新日志
|
||
|
||
</a>
|
||
|
||
|
||
|
||
</li>
|
||
|
||
<li class="chapter " data-level="8.7.6" data-path="../appendix/kubernetes-1.12-changelog.html">
|
||
|
||
<a href="../appendix/kubernetes-1.12-changelog.html">
|
||
|
||
|
||
<b>8.7.6.</b>
|
||
|
||
Kubernetes1.12更新日志
|
||
|
||
</a>
|
||
|
||
|
||
|
||
</li>
|
||
|
||
|
||
</ul>
|
||
|
||
</li>
|
||
|
||
<li class="chapter " data-level="8.8" data-path="../appendix/summary-and-outlook.html">
|
||
|
||
<a href="../appendix/summary-and-outlook.html">
|
||
|
||
|
||
<b>8.8.</b>
|
||
|
||
Kubernetes及云原生年度总结及展望
|
||
|
||
</a>
|
||
|
||
|
||
|
||
<ul class="articles">
|
||
|
||
|
||
<li class="chapter " data-level="8.8.1" data-path="../appendix/kubernetes-and-cloud-native-summary-in-2017-and-outlook-for-2018.html">
|
||
|
||
<a href="../appendix/kubernetes-and-cloud-native-summary-in-2017-and-outlook-for-2018.html">
|
||
|
||
|
||
<b>8.8.1.</b>
|
||
|
||
Kubernetes与云原生2017年年终总结及2018年展望
|
||
|
||
</a>
|
||
|
||
|
||
|
||
</li>
|
||
|
||
|
||
</ul>
|
||
|
||
</li>
|
||
|
||
<li class="chapter " data-level="8.9" data-path="../appendix/about-kcsp.html">
|
||
|
||
<a href="../appendix/about-kcsp.html">
|
||
|
||
|
||
<b>8.9.</b>
|
||
|
||
Kubernetes认证服务提供商(KCSP)说明
|
||
|
||
</a>
|
||
|
||
|
||
|
||
</li>
|
||
|
||
<li class="chapter " data-level="8.10" data-path="../appendix/about-cka-candidate.html">
|
||
|
||
<a href="../appendix/about-cka-candidate.html">
|
||
|
||
|
||
<b>8.10.</b>
|
||
|
||
认证Kubernetes管理员(CKA)说明
|
||
|
||
</a>
|
||
|
||
|
||
|
||
</li>
|
||
|
||
|
||
|
||
|
||
<li class="divider"></li>
|
||
|
||
<li>
|
||
<a href="https://www.gitbook.com" target="blank" class="gitbook-link">
|
||
本书使用 GitBook 发布
|
||
</a>
|
||
</li>
|
||
</ul>
|
||
|
||
|
||
</nav>
|
||
|
||
|
||
</div>
|
||
|
||
<div class="book-body">
|
||
|
||
<div class="body-inner">
|
||
|
||
|
||
|
||
<div class="book-header" role="navigation">
|
||
|
||
|
||
<!-- Title -->
|
||
<h1>
|
||
<i class="fa fa-circle-o-notch fa-spin"></i>
|
||
<a href=".." >Service</a>
|
||
</h1>
|
||
</div>
|
||
|
||
|
||
|
||
|
||
<div class="page-wrapper" tabindex="-1" role="main">
|
||
<div class="page-inner">
|
||
|
||
<div class="search-plus" id="book-search-results">
|
||
<div class="search-noresults">
|
||
|
||
<section class="normal markdown-section">
|
||
|
||
<html><head></head><body><h1 id="service">Service</h1>
|
||
<p>Kubernetes <a href="https://kubernetes.io/docs/user-guide/pods" target="_blank"><code>Pod</code></a> 是有生命周期的,它们可以被创建,也可以被销毁,然而一旦被销毁生命就永远结束。
|
||
通过 <a href="https://kubernetes.io/docs/user-guide/replication-controller" target="_blank"><code>ReplicationController</code></a> 能够动态地创建和销毁 <code>Pod</code>。
|
||
每个 <code>Pod</code> 都会获取它自己的 IP 地址,即使这些 IP 地址不总是稳定可依赖的。
|
||
这会导致一个问题:在 Kubernetes 集群中,如果一组 <code>Pod</code>(称为 backend)为其它 <code>Pod</code> (称为 frontend)提供服务,那么那些 frontend 该如何发现,并连接到这组 <code>Pod</code> 中的哪些 backend 呢?</p>
|
||
<p>关于 <code>Service</code></p>
|
||
<p>Kubernetes <code>Service</code> 定义了这样一种抽象:一个 <code>Pod</code> 的逻辑分组,一种可以访问它们的策略 —— 通常称为微服务。
|
||
这一组 <code>Pod</code> 能够被 <code>Service</code> 访问到,通常是通过 <a href="https://kubernetes.io/docs/concepts/overview/working-with-objects/labels/#label-selectors" target="_blank"><code>Label Selector</code></a>(查看下面了解,为什么可能需要没有 selector 的 <code>Service</code>)实现的。</p>
|
||
<p>举个例子,考虑一个图片处理 backend,它运行了3个副本。这些副本是可互换的 —— frontend 不需要关心它们调用了哪个 backend 副本。
|
||
然而组成这一组 backend 程序的 <code>Pod</code> 实际上可能会发生变化,frontend 客户端不应该也没必要知道,而且也不需要跟踪这一组 backend 的状态。
|
||
<code>Service</code> 定义的抽象能够解耦这种关联。</p>
|
||
<p>对 Kubernetes 集群中的应用,Kubernetes 提供了简单的 <code>Endpoints</code> API,只要 <code>Service</code> 中的一组 <code>Pod</code> 发生变更,应用程序就会被更新。
|
||
对非 Kubernetes 集群中的应用,Kubernetes 提供了基于 VIP 的网桥的方式访问 <code>Service</code>,再由 <code>Service</code> 重定向到 backend <code>Pod</code>。</p>
|
||
<h2 id="定义-service">定义 Service</h2>
|
||
<p>一个 <code>Service</code> 在 Kubernetes 中是一个 REST 对象,和 <code>Pod</code> 类似。
|
||
像所有的 REST 对象一样, <code>Service</code> 定义可以基于 POST 方式,请求 apiserver 创建新的实例。
|
||
例如,假定有一组 <code>Pod</code>,它们对外暴露了 9376 端口,同时还被打上 <code>"app=MyApp"</code> 标签。</p>
|
||
<pre class="language-"><code class="lang-yaml"><span class="token key atrule">kind</span><span class="token punctuation">:</span> Service
|
||
<span class="token key atrule">apiVersion</span><span class="token punctuation">:</span> v1
|
||
<span class="token key atrule">metadata</span><span class="token punctuation">:</span>
|
||
<span class="token key atrule">name</span><span class="token punctuation">:</span> my<span class="token punctuation">-</span>service
|
||
<span class="token key atrule">spec</span><span class="token punctuation">:</span>
|
||
<span class="token key atrule">selector</span><span class="token punctuation">:</span>
|
||
<span class="token key atrule">app</span><span class="token punctuation">:</span> MyApp
|
||
<span class="token key atrule">ports</span><span class="token punctuation">:</span>
|
||
<span class="token punctuation">-</span> <span class="token key atrule">protocol</span><span class="token punctuation">:</span> TCP
|
||
<span class="token key atrule">port</span><span class="token punctuation">:</span> <span class="token number">80</span>
|
||
<span class="token key atrule">targetPort</span><span class="token punctuation">:</span> <span class="token number">9376</span>
|
||
</code></pre>
|
||
<p>上述配置将创建一个名称为 “my-service” 的 <code>Service</code> 对象,它会将请求代理到使用 TCP 端口 9376,并且具有标签 <code>"app=MyApp"</code> 的 <code>Pod</code> 上。
|
||
这个 <code>Service</code> 将被指派一个 IP 地址(通常称为 “Cluster IP”),它会被服务的代理使用(见下面)。
|
||
该 <code>Service</code> 的 selector 将会持续评估,处理结果将被 POST 到一个名称为 “my-service” 的 <code>Endpoints</code> 对象上。</p>
|
||
<p>需要注意的是, <code>Service</code> 能够将一个接收端口映射到任意的 <code>targetPort</code>。
|
||
默认情况下,<code>targetPort</code> 将被设置为与 <code>port</code> 字段相同的值。
|
||
可能更有趣的是,<code>targetPort</code> 可以是一个字符串,引用了 backend <code>Pod</code> 的一个端口的名称。
|
||
但是,实际指派给该端口名称的端口号,在每个 backend <code>Pod</code> 中可能并不相同。
|
||
对于部署和设计 <code>Service</code> ,这种方式会提供更大的灵活性。
|
||
例如,可以在 backend 软件下一个版本中,修改 Pod 暴露的端口,并不会中断客户端的调用。</p>
|
||
<p>Kubernetes <code>Service</code> 能够支持 <code>TCP</code> 和 <code>UDP</code> 协议,默认 <code>TCP</code> 协议。 </p>
|
||
<h3 id="没有-selector-的-service">没有 selector 的 Service</h3>
|
||
<p>Service 抽象了该如何访问 Kubernetes <code>Pod</code>,但也能够抽象其它类型的 backend,例如:</p>
|
||
<ul>
|
||
<li>希望在生产环境中使用外部的数据库集群,但测试环境使用自己的数据库。</li>
|
||
<li>希望服务指向另一个 <a href="https://kubernetes.io/docs/user-guide/namespaces" target="_blank"><code>Namespace</code></a> 中或其它集群中的服务。</li>
|
||
<li>正在将工作负载转移到 Kubernetes 集群,和运行在 Kubernetes 集群之外的 backend。</li>
|
||
</ul>
|
||
<p>在任何这些场景中,都能够定义没有 selector 的 <code>Service</code> :</p>
|
||
<pre class="language-"><code class="lang-yaml"><span class="token key atrule">kind</span><span class="token punctuation">:</span> Service
|
||
<span class="token key atrule">apiVersion</span><span class="token punctuation">:</span> v1
|
||
<span class="token key atrule">metadata</span><span class="token punctuation">:</span>
|
||
<span class="token key atrule">name</span><span class="token punctuation">:</span> my<span class="token punctuation">-</span>service
|
||
<span class="token key atrule">spec</span><span class="token punctuation">:</span>
|
||
<span class="token key atrule">ports</span><span class="token punctuation">:</span>
|
||
<span class="token punctuation">-</span> <span class="token key atrule">protocol</span><span class="token punctuation">:</span> TCP
|
||
<span class="token key atrule">port</span><span class="token punctuation">:</span> <span class="token number">80</span>
|
||
<span class="token key atrule">targetPort</span><span class="token punctuation">:</span> <span class="token number">9376</span>
|
||
</code></pre>
|
||
<p>由于这个 <code>Service</code> 没有 selector,就不会创建相关的 <code>Endpoints</code> 对象。可以手动将 <code>Service</code> 映射到指定的 <code>Endpoints</code>:</p>
|
||
<pre class="language-"><code class="lang-yaml"><span class="token key atrule">kind</span><span class="token punctuation">:</span> Endpoints
|
||
<span class="token key atrule">apiVersion</span><span class="token punctuation">:</span> v1
|
||
<span class="token key atrule">metadata</span><span class="token punctuation">:</span>
|
||
<span class="token key atrule">name</span><span class="token punctuation">:</span> my<span class="token punctuation">-</span>service
|
||
<span class="token key atrule">subsets</span><span class="token punctuation">:</span>
|
||
<span class="token punctuation">-</span> <span class="token key atrule">addresses</span><span class="token punctuation">:</span>
|
||
<span class="token punctuation">-</span> <span class="token key atrule">ip</span><span class="token punctuation">:</span> 1.2.3.4
|
||
<span class="token key atrule">ports</span><span class="token punctuation">:</span>
|
||
<span class="token punctuation">-</span> <span class="token key atrule">port</span><span class="token punctuation">:</span> <span class="token number">9376</span>
|
||
</code></pre>
|
||
<p>注意:Endpoint IP 地址不能是 loopback(127.0.0.0/8)、 link-local(169.254.0.0/16)、或者 link-local 多播(224.0.0.0/24)。</p>
|
||
<p>访问没有 selector 的 <code>Service</code>,与有 selector 的 <code>Service</code> 的原理相同。请求将被路由到用户定义的 Endpoint(该示例中为 <code>1.2.3.4:9376</code>)。</p>
|
||
<p>ExternalName <code>Service</code> 是 <code>Service</code> 的特例,它没有 selector,也没有定义任何的端口和 Endpoint。
|
||
相反地,对于运行在集群外部的服务,它通过返回该外部服务的别名这种方式来提供服务。</p>
|
||
<pre class="language-"><code class="lang-yaml"><span class="token key atrule">kind</span><span class="token punctuation">:</span> Service
|
||
<span class="token key atrule">apiVersion</span><span class="token punctuation">:</span> v1
|
||
<span class="token key atrule">metadata</span><span class="token punctuation">:</span>
|
||
<span class="token key atrule">name</span><span class="token punctuation">:</span> my<span class="token punctuation">-</span>service
|
||
<span class="token key atrule">namespace</span><span class="token punctuation">:</span> prod
|
||
<span class="token key atrule">spec</span><span class="token punctuation">:</span>
|
||
<span class="token key atrule">type</span><span class="token punctuation">:</span> ExternalName
|
||
<span class="token key atrule">externalName</span><span class="token punctuation">:</span> my.database.example.com
|
||
</code></pre>
|
||
<p>当查询主机 <code>my-service.prod.svc.CLUSTER</code>时,集群的 DNS 服务将返回一个值为 <code>my.database.example.com</code> 的 <code>CNAME</code> 记录。
|
||
访问这个服务的工作方式与其它的相同,唯一不同的是重定向发生在 DNS 层,而且不会进行代理或转发。
|
||
如果后续决定要将数据库迁移到 Kubernetes 集群中,可以启动对应的 Pod,增加合适的 Selector 或 Endpoint,修改 <code>Service</code> 的 <code>type</code>。</p>
|
||
<h2 id="vip-和-service-代理">VIP 和 Service 代理</h2>
|
||
<p>在 Kubernetes 集群中,每个 Node 运行一个 <code>kube-proxy</code> 进程。<code>kube-proxy</code> 负责为 <code>Service</code> 实现了一种 VIP(虚拟 IP)的形式,而不是 <code>ExternalName</code> 的形式。
|
||
在 Kubernetes v1.0 版本,代理完全在 userspace。在 Kubernetes v1.1 版本,新增了 iptables 代理,但并不是默认的运行模式。
|
||
从 Kubernetes v1.2 起,默认就是 iptables 代理。</p>
|
||
<p>在Kubernetes v1.8.0-beta.0中,添加了ipvs代理。</p>
|
||
<p>在 Kubernetes v1.0 版本,<code>Service</code> 是 “4层”(TCP/UDP over IP)概念。
|
||
在 Kubernetes v1.1 版本,新增了 <code>Ingress</code> API(beta 版),用来表示 “7层”(HTTP)服务。</p>
|
||
<h3 id="userspace-代理模式">userspace 代理模式</h3>
|
||
<p>这种模式,kube-proxy 会监视 Kubernetes master 对 <code>Service</code> 对象和 <code>Endpoints</code> 对象的添加和移除。
|
||
对每个 <code>Service</code>,它会在本地 Node 上打开一个端口(随机选择)。
|
||
任何连接到“代理端口”的请求,都会被代理到 <code>Service</code> 的backend <code>Pods</code> 中的某个上面(如 <code>Endpoints</code> 所报告的一样)。
|
||
使用哪个 backend <code>Pod</code>,是基于 <code>Service</code> 的 <code>SessionAffinity</code> 来确定的。
|
||
最后,它安装 iptables 规则,捕获到达该 <code>Service</code> 的 <code>clusterIP</code>(是虚拟 IP)和 <code>Port</code> 的请求,并重定向到代理端口,代理端口再代理请求到 backend <code>Pod</code>。</p>
|
||
<p>网络返回的结果是,任何到达 <code>Service</code> 的 IP:Port 的请求,都会被代理到一个合适的 backend,不需要客户端知道关于 Kubernetes、<code>Service</code>、或 <code>Pod</code> 的任何信息。</p>
|
||
<p>默认的策略是,通过 round-robin 算法来选择 backend <code>Pod</code>。
|
||
实现基于客户端 IP 的会话亲和性,可以通过设置 <code>service.spec.sessionAffinity</code> 的值为 <code>"ClientIP"</code> (默认值为 <code>"None"</code>)。</p>
|
||
<figure id="fig3.7.1.1"><a href="../images/services-userspace-overview.jpg" data-lightbox="25ae3f04-75f6-49f5-805b-3caf97a22428" data-title="userspace代理模式下Service概览图"><img src="../images/services-userspace-overview.jpg" alt="userspace代理模式下Service概览图"></a><figcaption>图片 - userspace代理模式下Service概览图</figcaption></figure>
|
||
<h3 id="iptables-代理模式">iptables 代理模式</h3>
|
||
<p>这种模式,kube-proxy 会监视 Kubernetes master 对 <code>Service</code> 对象和 <code>Endpoints</code> 对象的添加和移除。
|
||
对每个 <code>Service</code>,它会安装 iptables 规则,从而捕获到达该 <code>Service</code> 的 <code>clusterIP</code>(虚拟 IP)和端口的请求,进而将请求重定向到 <code>Service</code> 的一组 backend 中的某个上面。
|
||
对于每个 <code>Endpoints</code> 对象,它也会安装 iptables 规则,这个规则会选择一个 backend <code>Pod</code>。</p>
|
||
<p>默认的策略是,随机选择一个 backend。
|
||
实现基于客户端 IP 的会话亲和性,可以将 <code>service.spec.sessionAffinity</code> 的值设置为 <code>"ClientIP"</code> (默认值为 <code>"None"</code>)。</p>
|
||
<p>和 userspace 代理类似,网络返回的结果是,任何到达 <code>Service</code> 的 IP:Port 的请求,都会被代理到一个合适的 backend,不需要客户端知道关于 Kubernetes、<code>Service</code>、或 <code>Pod</code> 的任何信息。
|
||
这应该比 userspace 代理更快、更可靠。然而,不像 userspace 代理,如果初始选择的 <code>Pod</code> 没有响应,iptables 代理不能自动地重试另一个 <code>Pod</code>,所以它需要依赖 <a href="https://kubernetes.io/docs/tasks/configure-pod-container/configure-liveness-readiness-probes/#defining-readiness-probes" target="_blank">readiness probes</a>。</p>
|
||
<figure id="fig3.7.1.2"><a href="../images/services-iptables-overview.jpg" data-lightbox="2c90a043-7bfd-44fd-af17-dcb0db115a5b" data-title="iptables代理模式下Service概览图"><img src="../images/services-iptables-overview.jpg" alt="iptables代理模式下Service概览图"></a><figcaption>图片 - iptables代理模式下Service概览图</figcaption></figure>
|
||
<h3 id="ipvs-代理模式">ipvs 代理模式</h3>
|
||
<p>这种模式,kube-proxy会监视Kubernetes <code>Service</code>对象和<code>Endpoints</code>,调用<code>netlink</code>接口以相应地创建ipvs规则并定期与Kubernetes <code>Service</code>对象和<code>Endpoints</code>对象同步ipvs规则,以确保ipvs状态与期望一致。访问服务时,流量将被重定向到其中一个后端Pod。</p>
|
||
<p>与iptables类似,ipvs基于netfilter 的 hook 功能,但使用哈希表作为底层数据结构并在内核空间中工作。这意味着ipvs可以更快地重定向流量,并且在同步代理规则时具有更好的性能。此外,ipvs为负载均衡算法提供了更多选项,例如:</p>
|
||
<ul>
|
||
<li><code>rr</code>:轮询调度</li>
|
||
<li><code>lc</code>:最小连接数</li>
|
||
<li><code>dh</code>:目标哈希</li>
|
||
<li><code>sh</code>:源哈希</li>
|
||
<li><code>sed</code>:最短期望延迟</li>
|
||
<li><code>nq</code>: 不排队调度</li>
|
||
</ul>
|
||
<p><strong>注意:</strong> ipvs模式假定在运行kube-proxy之前在节点上都已经安装了IPVS内核模块。当kube-proxy以ipvs代理模式启动时,kube-proxy将验证节点上是否安装了IPVS模块,如果未安装,则kube-proxy将回退到iptables代理模式。</p>
|
||
<figure id="fig3.7.1.3"><a href="../images/service-ipvs-overview.png" data-lightbox="f907b5d6-4209-47bc-86af-d41349990ad0" data-title="ipvs代理模式下Service概览图"><img src="../images/service-ipvs-overview.png" alt="ipvs代理模式下Service概览图"></a><figcaption>图片 - ipvs代理模式下Service概览图</figcaption></figure>
|
||
<h2 id="多端口-service">多端口 Service</h2>
|
||
<p>很多 <code>Service</code> 需要暴露多个端口。对于这种情况,Kubernetes 支持在 <code>Service</code> 对象中定义多个端口。
|
||
当使用多个端口时,必须给出所有的端口的名称,这样 Endpoint 就不会产生歧义,例如:</p>
|
||
<pre class="language-"><code class="lang-yaml"><span class="token key atrule">kind</span><span class="token punctuation">:</span> Service
|
||
<span class="token key atrule">apiVersion</span><span class="token punctuation">:</span> v1
|
||
<span class="token key atrule">metadata</span><span class="token punctuation">:</span>
|
||
<span class="token key atrule">name</span><span class="token punctuation">:</span> my<span class="token punctuation">-</span>service
|
||
<span class="token key atrule">spec</span><span class="token punctuation">:</span>
|
||
<span class="token key atrule">selector</span><span class="token punctuation">:</span>
|
||
<span class="token key atrule">app</span><span class="token punctuation">:</span> MyApp
|
||
<span class="token key atrule">ports</span><span class="token punctuation">:</span>
|
||
<span class="token punctuation">-</span> <span class="token key atrule">name</span><span class="token punctuation">:</span> http
|
||
<span class="token key atrule">protocol</span><span class="token punctuation">:</span> TCP
|
||
<span class="token key atrule">port</span><span class="token punctuation">:</span> <span class="token number">80</span>
|
||
<span class="token key atrule">targetPort</span><span class="token punctuation">:</span> <span class="token number">9376</span>
|
||
<span class="token punctuation">-</span> <span class="token key atrule">name</span><span class="token punctuation">:</span> https
|
||
<span class="token key atrule">protocol</span><span class="token punctuation">:</span> TCP
|
||
<span class="token key atrule">port</span><span class="token punctuation">:</span> <span class="token number">443</span>
|
||
<span class="token key atrule">targetPort</span><span class="token punctuation">:</span> <span class="token number">9377</span>
|
||
</code></pre>
|
||
<h2 id="选择自己的-ip-地址">选择自己的 IP 地址</h2>
|
||
<p>在 <code>Service</code> 创建的请求中,可以通过设置 <code>spec.clusterIP</code> 字段来指定自己的集群 IP 地址。
|
||
比如,希望替换一个已经已存在的 DNS 条目,或者遗留系统已经配置了一个固定的 IP 且很难重新配置。
|
||
用户选择的 IP 地址必须合法,并且这个 IP 地址在 <code>service-cluster-ip-range</code> CIDR 范围内,这对 API Server 来说是通过一个标识来指定的。
|
||
如果 IP 地址不合法,API Server 会返回 HTTP 状态码 422,表示值不合法。</p>
|
||
<h3 id="为何不使用-round-robin-dns?">为何不使用 round-robin DNS?</h3>
|
||
<p>一个不时出现的问题是,为什么我们都使用 VIP 的方式,而不使用标准的 round-robin DNS,有如下几个原因:</p>
|
||
<ul>
|
||
<li>长久以来,DNS 库都没能认真对待 DNS TTL、缓存域名查询结果</li>
|
||
<li>很多应用只查询一次 DNS 并缓存了结果<ul>
|
||
<li>就算应用和库能够正确查询解析,每个客户端反复重解析造成的负载也是非常难以管理的</li>
|
||
</ul>
|
||
</li>
|
||
</ul>
|
||
<p>我们尽力阻止用户做那些对他们没有好处的事情,如果很多人都来问这个问题,我们可能会选择实现它。</p>
|
||
<h2 id="服务发现">服务发现</h2>
|
||
<p>Kubernetes 支持2种基本的服务发现模式 —— 环境变量和 DNS。</p>
|
||
<h3 id="环境变量">环境变量</h3>
|
||
<p>当 <code>Pod</code> 运行在 <code>Node</code> 上,kubelet 会为每个活跃的 <code>Service</code> 添加一组环境变量。
|
||
它同时支持 <a href="https://docs.docker.com/userguide/dockerlinks/" target="_blank">Docker links 兼容</a> 变量(查看 makeLinkVariables)、简单的 <code>{SVCNAME}_SERVICE_HOST</code> 和 <code>{SVCNAME}_SERVICE_PORT</code> 变量,这里 <code>Service</code> 的名称需大写,横线被转换成下划线。</p>
|
||
<p>举个例子,一个名称为 <code>"redis-master"</code> 的 Service 暴露了 TCP 端口 6379,同时给它分配了 Cluster IP 地址 10.0.0.11,这个 Service 生成了如下环境变量:</p>
|
||
<pre class="language-"><code class="lang-bash">REDIS_MASTER_SERVICE_HOST<span class="token operator">=</span>10.0.0.11
|
||
REDIS_MASTER_SERVICE_PORT<span class="token operator">=</span>6379
|
||
REDIS_MASTER_PORT<span class="token operator">=</span>tcp://10.0.0.11:6379
|
||
REDIS_MASTER_PORT_6379_TCP<span class="token operator">=</span>tcp://10.0.0.11:6379
|
||
REDIS_MASTER_PORT_6379_TCP_PROTO<span class="token operator">=</span>tcp
|
||
REDIS_MASTER_PORT_6379_TCP_PORT<span class="token operator">=</span>6379
|
||
REDIS_MASTER_PORT_6379_TCP_ADDR<span class="token operator">=</span>10.0.0.11
|
||
</code></pre>
|
||
<p><em>这意味着需要有顺序的要求</em> —— <code>Pod</code> 想要访问的任何 <code>Service</code> 必须在 <code>Pod</code> 自己之前被创建,否则这些环境变量就不会被赋值。DNS 并没有这个限制。</p>
|
||
<h3 id="dns">DNS</h3>
|
||
<p>一个可选(尽管强烈推荐)<a href="http://releases.k8s.io/master/cluster/addons/README.md" target="_blank">集群插件</a> 是 DNS 服务器。
|
||
DNS 服务器监视着创建新 <code>Service</code> 的 Kubernetes API,从而为每一个 <code>Service</code> 创建一组 DNS 记录。
|
||
如果整个集群的 DNS 一直被启用,那么所有的 <code>Pod</code> 应该能够自动对 <code>Service</code> 进行名称解析。</p>
|
||
<p>例如,有一个名称为 <code>"my-service"</code> 的 <code>Service</code>,它在 Kubernetes 集群中名为 <code>"my-ns"</code> 的 <code>Namespace</code> 中,为 <code>"my-service.my-ns"</code> 创建了一条 DNS 记录。
|
||
在名称为 <code>"my-ns"</code> 的 <code>Namespace</code> 中的 <code>Pod</code> 应该能够简单地通过名称查询找到 <code>"my-service"</code>。
|
||
在另一个 <code>Namespace</code> 中的 <code>Pod</code> 必须限定名称为 <code>"my-service.my-ns"</code>。
|
||
这些名称查询的结果是 Cluster IP。</p>
|
||
<p>Kubernetes 也支持对端口名称的 DNS SRV(Service)记录。
|
||
如果名称为 <code>"my-service.my-ns"</code> 的 <code>Service</code> 有一个名为 <code>"http"</code> 的 <code>TCP</code> 端口,可以对 <code>"_http._tcp.my-service.my-ns"</code> 执行 DNS SRV 查询,得到 <code>"http"</code> 的端口号。</p>
|
||
<p>Kubernetes DNS 服务器是唯一的一种能够访问 <code>ExternalName</code> 类型的 Service 的方式。
|
||
更多信息可以查看 <a href="https://kubernetes.io/docs/concepts/services-networking/dns-pod-service/" target="_blank">DNS Pod 和 Service</a>。</p>
|
||
<h2 id="headless-service">Headless Service</h2>
|
||
<p>有时不需要或不想要负载均衡,以及单独的 Service IP。
|
||
遇到这种情况,可以通过指定 Cluster IP(<code>spec.clusterIP</code>)的值为 <code>"None"</code> 来创建 <code>Headless</code> Service。</p>
|
||
<p>这个选项允许开发人员自由寻找他们自己的方式,从而降低与 Kubernetes 系统的耦合性。
|
||
应用仍然可以使用一种自注册的模式和适配器,对其它需要发现机制的系统能够很容易地基于这个 API 来构建。</p>
|
||
<p>对这类 <code>Service</code> 并不会分配 Cluster IP,kube-proxy 不会处理它们,而且平台也不会为它们进行负载均衡和路由。
|
||
DNS 如何实现自动配置,依赖于 <code>Service</code> 是否定义了 selector。</p>
|
||
<h3 id="配置-selector">配置 Selector</h3>
|
||
<p>对定义了 selector 的 Headless Service,Endpoint 控制器在 API 中创建了 <code>Endpoints</code> 记录,并且修改 DNS 配置返回 A 记录(地址),通过这个地址直接到达 <code>Service</code> 的后端 <code>Pod</code> 上。</p>
|
||
<h3 id="不配置-selector">不配置 Selector</h3>
|
||
<p>对没有定义 selector 的 Headless Service,Endpoint 控制器不会创建 <code>Endpoints</code> 记录。
|
||
然而 DNS 系统会查找和配置,无论是:</p>
|
||
<ul>
|
||
<li><code>ExternalName</code> 类型 Service 的 CNAME 记录<ul>
|
||
<li>记录:与 Service 共享一个名称的任何 <code>Endpoints</code>,以及所有其它类型</li>
|
||
</ul>
|
||
</li>
|
||
</ul>
|
||
<h2 id="发布服务-——-服务类型">发布服务 —— 服务类型</h2>
|
||
<p>对一些应用(如 Frontend)的某些部分,可能希望通过外部(Kubernetes 集群外部)IP 地址暴露 Service。</p>
|
||
<p>Kubernetes <code>ServiceTypes</code> 允许指定一个需要的类型的 Service,默认是 <code>ClusterIP</code> 类型。</p>
|
||
<p><code>Type</code> 的取值以及行为如下:</p>
|
||
<ul>
|
||
<li><code>ClusterIP</code>:通过集群的内部 IP 暴露服务,选择该值,服务只能够在集群内部可以访问,这也是默认的 <code>ServiceType</code>。</li>
|
||
<li><code>NodePort</code>:通过每个 Node 上的 IP 和静态端口(<code>NodePort</code>)暴露服务。<code>NodePort</code> 服务会路由到 <code>ClusterIP</code> 服务,这个 <code>ClusterIP</code> 服务会自动创建。通过请求 <code><span class="token tag"><span class="token tag"><span class="token punctuation"><</span>NodeIP</span><span class="token punctuation">></span></span>:<span class="token tag"><span class="token tag"><span class="token punctuation"><</span>NodePort</span><span class="token punctuation">></span></span></code>,可以从集群的外部访问一个 <code>NodePort</code> 服务。</li>
|
||
<li><code>LoadBalancer</code>:使用云提供商的负载均衡器,可以向外部暴露服务。外部的负载均衡器可以路由到 <code>NodePort</code> 服务和 <code>ClusterIP</code> 服务。</li>
|
||
<li><code>ExternalName</code>:通过返回 <code>CNAME</code> 和它的值,可以将服务映射到 <code>externalName</code> 字段的内容(例如, <code>foo.bar.example.com</code>)。
|
||
没有任何类型代理被创建,这只有 Kubernetes 1.7 或更高版本的 <code>kube-dns</code> 才支持。</li>
|
||
</ul>
|
||
<h3 id="nodeport-类型">NodePort 类型</h3>
|
||
<p>如果设置 <code>type</code> 的值为 <code>"NodePort"</code>,Kubernetes master 将从给定的配置范围内(默认:30000-32767)分配端口,每个 Node 将从该端口(每个 Node 上的同一端口)代理到 <code>Service</code>。该端口将通过 <code>Service</code> 的 <code>spec.ports[*].nodePort</code> 字段被指定。</p>
|
||
<p>如果需要指定的端口号,可以配置 <code>nodePort</code> 的值,系统将分配这个端口,否则调用 API 将会失败(比如,需要关心端口冲突的可能性)。 </p>
|
||
<p>这可以让开发人员自由地安装他们自己的负载均衡器,并配置 Kubernetes 不能完全支持的环境参数,或者直接暴露一个或多个 Node 的 IP 地址。</p>
|
||
<p>需要注意的是,Service 将能够通过 <code><span class="token tag"><span class="token tag"><span class="token punctuation"><</span>NodeIP</span><span class="token punctuation">></span></span>:spec.ports[*].nodePort</code> 和 <code>spec.clusterIp:spec.ports[*].port</code> 而对外可见。</p>
|
||
<h3 id="loadbalancer-类型">LoadBalancer 类型</h3>
|
||
<p>使用支持外部负载均衡器的云提供商的服务,设置 <code>type</code> 的值为 <code>"LoadBalancer"</code>,将为 <code>Service</code> 提供负载均衡器。
|
||
负载均衡器是异步创建的,关于被提供的负载均衡器的信息将会通过 <code>Service</code> 的 <code>status.loadBalancer</code> 字段被发布出去。</p>
|
||
<pre class="language-"><code class="lang-yaml"><span class="token key atrule">kind</span><span class="token punctuation">:</span> Service
|
||
<span class="token key atrule">apiVersion</span><span class="token punctuation">:</span> v1
|
||
<span class="token key atrule">metadata</span><span class="token punctuation">:</span>
|
||
<span class="token key atrule">name</span><span class="token punctuation">:</span> my<span class="token punctuation">-</span>service
|
||
<span class="token key atrule">spec</span><span class="token punctuation">:</span>
|
||
<span class="token key atrule">selector</span><span class="token punctuation">:</span>
|
||
<span class="token key atrule">app</span><span class="token punctuation">:</span> MyApp
|
||
<span class="token key atrule">ports</span><span class="token punctuation">:</span>
|
||
<span class="token punctuation">-</span> <span class="token key atrule">protocol</span><span class="token punctuation">:</span> TCP
|
||
<span class="token key atrule">port</span><span class="token punctuation">:</span> <span class="token number">80</span>
|
||
<span class="token key atrule">targetPort</span><span class="token punctuation">:</span> <span class="token number">9376</span>
|
||
<span class="token key atrule">nodePort</span><span class="token punctuation">:</span> <span class="token number">30061</span>
|
||
<span class="token key atrule">clusterIP</span><span class="token punctuation">:</span> 10.0.171.239
|
||
<span class="token key atrule">loadBalancerIP</span><span class="token punctuation">:</span> 78.11.24.19
|
||
<span class="token key atrule">type</span><span class="token punctuation">:</span> LoadBalancer
|
||
<span class="token key atrule">status</span><span class="token punctuation">:</span>
|
||
<span class="token key atrule">loadBalancer</span><span class="token punctuation">:</span>
|
||
<span class="token key atrule">ingress</span><span class="token punctuation">:</span>
|
||
<span class="token punctuation">-</span> <span class="token key atrule">ip</span><span class="token punctuation">:</span> 146.148.47.155
|
||
</code></pre>
|
||
<p>来自外部负载均衡器的流量将直接打到 backend <code>Pod</code> 上,不过实际它们是如何工作的,这要依赖于云提供商。
|
||
在这些情况下,将根据用户设置的 <code>loadBalancerIP</code> 来创建负载均衡器。
|
||
某些云提供商允许设置 <code>loadBalancerIP</code>。如果没有设置 <code>loadBalancerIP</code>,将会给负载均衡器指派一个临时 IP。
|
||
如果设置了 <code>loadBalancerIP</code>,但云提供商并不支持这种特性,那么设置的 <code>loadBalancerIP</code> 值将会被忽略掉。</p>
|
||
<h3 id="aws-内部负载均衡器">AWS 内部负载均衡器</h3>
|
||
<p>在混合云环境中,有时从虚拟私有云(VPC)环境中的服务路由流量是非常有必要的。
|
||
可以通过在 <code>Service</code> 中增加 <code>annotation</code> 来实现,如下所示:</p>
|
||
<pre class="language-"><code class="lang-yaml"><span class="token punctuation">[</span><span class="token punctuation">...</span><span class="token punctuation">]</span>
|
||
<span class="token key atrule">metadata</span><span class="token punctuation">:</span>
|
||
<span class="token key atrule">name</span><span class="token punctuation">:</span> my<span class="token punctuation">-</span>service
|
||
<span class="token key atrule">annotations</span><span class="token punctuation">:</span>
|
||
<span class="token key atrule">service.beta.kubernetes.io/aws-load-balancer-internal</span><span class="token punctuation">:</span> 0.0.0.0/0
|
||
<span class="token punctuation">[</span><span class="token punctuation">...</span><span class="token punctuation">]</span>
|
||
</code></pre>
|
||
<p>在水平分割的 DNS 环境中,需要两个 <code>Service</code> 来将外部和内部的流量路由到 Endpoint 上。</p>
|
||
<h3 id="aws-ssl-支持">AWS SSL 支持</h3>
|
||
<p>对运行在 AWS 上部分支持 SSL 的集群,从 1.3 版本开始,可以为 <code>LoadBalancer</code> 类型的 <code>Service</code> 增加两个 annotation:</p>
|
||
<pre class="language-"><code> metadata:
|
||
name: my-service
|
||
annotations:
|
||
service.beta.kubernetes.io/aws-load-balancer-ssl-cert: arn:aws:acm:us-east-1:123456789012:certificate/12345678-1234-1234-1234-123456789012
|
||
</code></pre><p>第一个 annotation 指定了使用的证书。它可以是第三方发行商发行的证书,这个证书或者被上传到 IAM,或者由 AWS 的证书管理器创建。</p>
|
||
<pre class="language-"><code class="lang-yaml"> <span class="token key atrule">metadata</span><span class="token punctuation">:</span>
|
||
<span class="token key atrule">name</span><span class="token punctuation">:</span> my<span class="token punctuation">-</span>service
|
||
<span class="token key atrule">annotations</span><span class="token punctuation">:</span>
|
||
<span class="token key atrule">service.beta.kubernetes.io/aws-load-balancer-backend-protocol</span><span class="token punctuation">:</span> (https<span class="token punctuation">|</span>http<span class="token punctuation">|</span>ssl<span class="token punctuation">|</span>tcp)
|
||
</code></pre>
|
||
<p>第二个 annotation 指定了 <code>Pod</code> 使用的协议。
|
||
对于 HTTPS 和 SSL,ELB 将期望该 <code>Pod</code> 基于加密的连接来认证自身。</p>
|
||
<p>HTTP 和 HTTPS 将选择7层代理:ELB 将中断与用户的连接,当转发请求时,会解析 Header 信息并添加上用户的 IP 地址(<code>Pod</code> 将只能在连接的另一端看到该 IP 地址)。</p>
|
||
<p>TCP 和 SSL 将选择4层代理:ELB 将转发流量,并不修改 Header 信息。</p>
|
||
<h3 id="外部-ip">外部 IP</h3>
|
||
<p>如果外部的 IP 路由到集群中一个或多个 Node 上,Kubernetes <code>Service</code> 会被暴露给这些 <code>externalIPs</code>。
|
||
通过外部 IP(作为目的 IP 地址)进入到集群,打到 <code>Service</code> 的端口上的流量,将会被路由到 <code>Service</code> 的 Endpoint 上。
|
||
<code>externalIPs</code> 不会被 Kubernetes 管理,它属于集群管理员的职责范畴。</p>
|
||
<p>根据 <code>Service</code> 的规定,<code>externalIPs</code> 可以同任意的 <code>ServiceType</code> 来一起指定。
|
||
在下面的例子中,<code>my-service</code> 可以在 80.11.12.10:80(外部 IP:端口)上被客户端访问。</p>
|
||
<pre class="language-"><code class="lang-yaml"><span class="token key atrule">kind</span><span class="token punctuation">:</span> Service
|
||
<span class="token key atrule">apiVersion</span><span class="token punctuation">:</span> v1
|
||
<span class="token key atrule">metadata</span><span class="token punctuation">:</span>
|
||
<span class="token key atrule">name</span><span class="token punctuation">:</span> my<span class="token punctuation">-</span>service
|
||
<span class="token key atrule">spec</span><span class="token punctuation">:</span>
|
||
<span class="token key atrule">selector</span><span class="token punctuation">:</span>
|
||
<span class="token key atrule">app</span><span class="token punctuation">:</span> MyApp
|
||
<span class="token key atrule">ports</span><span class="token punctuation">:</span>
|
||
<span class="token punctuation">-</span> <span class="token key atrule">name</span><span class="token punctuation">:</span> http
|
||
<span class="token key atrule">protocol</span><span class="token punctuation">:</span> TCP
|
||
<span class="token key atrule">port</span><span class="token punctuation">:</span> <span class="token number">80</span>
|
||
<span class="token key atrule">targetPort</span><span class="token punctuation">:</span> <span class="token number">9376</span>
|
||
<span class="token key atrule">externalIPs</span><span class="token punctuation">:</span>
|
||
<span class="token punctuation">-</span> 80.11.12.10
|
||
</code></pre>
|
||
<h2 id="不足之处">不足之处</h2>
|
||
<p>为 VIP 使用 userspace 代理,将只适合小型到中型规模的集群,不能够扩展到上千 <code>Service</code> 的大型集群。
|
||
查看 <a href="http://issue.k8s.io/1107" target="_blank">最初设计方案</a> 获取更多细节。</p>
|
||
<p>使用 userspace 代理,隐藏了访问 <code>Service</code> 的数据包的源 IP 地址。
|
||
这使得一些类型的防火墙无法起作用。
|
||
iptables 代理不会隐藏 Kubernetes 集群内部的 IP 地址,但却要求客户端请求必须通过一个负载均衡器或 Node 端口。</p>
|
||
<p><code>Type</code> 字段支持嵌套功能 —— 每一层需要添加到上一层里面。
|
||
不会严格要求所有云提供商(例如,GCE 就没必要为了使一个 <code>LoadBalancer</code> 能工作而分配一个 <code>NodePort</code>,但是 AWS 需要 ),但当前 API 是强制要求的。</p>
|
||
<h2 id="未来工作">未来工作</h2>
|
||
<p>未来我们能预见到,代理策略可能会变得比简单的 round-robin 均衡策略有更多细微的差别,比如 master 选举或分片。
|
||
我们也能想到,某些 <code>Service</code> 将具有 “真正” 的负载均衡器,这种情况下 VIP 将简化数据包的传输。</p>
|
||
<p>我们打算为 L7(HTTP)<code>Service</code> 改进我们对它的支持。</p>
|
||
<p>我们打算为 <code>Service</code> 实现更加灵活的请求进入模式,这些 <code>Service</code> 包含当前 <code>ClusterIP</code>、<code>NodePort</code> 和 <code>LoadBalancer</code> 模式,或者更多。</p>
|
||
<h2 id="vip-的那些骇人听闻的细节">VIP 的那些骇人听闻的细节</h2>
|
||
<p>对很多想使用 <code>Service</code> 的人来说,前面的信息应该足够了。
|
||
然而,有很多内部原理性的内容,还是值去理解的。</p>
|
||
<h3 id="避免冲突">避免冲突</h3>
|
||
<p>Kubernetes 最主要的哲学之一,是用户不应该暴露那些能够导致他们操作失败、但又不是他们的过错的场景。
|
||
这种场景下,让我们来看一下网络端口 —— 用户不应该必须选择一个端口号,而且该端口还有可能与其他用户的冲突。
|
||
这就是说,在彼此隔离状态下仍然会出现失败。</p>
|
||
<p>为了使用户能够为他们的 <code>Service</code> 选择一个端口号,我们必须确保不能有2个 <code>Service</code> 发生冲突。
|
||
我们可以通过为每个 <code>Service</code> 分配它们自己的 IP 地址来实现。</p>
|
||
<p>为了保证每个 <code>Service</code> 被分配到一个唯一的 IP,需要一个内部的分配器能够原子地更新 etcd 中的一个全局分配映射表,这个更新操作要先于创建每一个 <code>Service</code>。
|
||
为了使 <code>Service</code> 能够获取到 IP,这个映射表对象必须在注册中心存在,否则创建 <code>Service</code> 将会失败,指示一个 IP 不能被分配。
|
||
一个后台 Controller 的职责是创建映射表(从 Kubernetes 的旧版本迁移过来,旧版本中是通过在内存中加锁的方式实现),并检查由于管理员干预和清除任意 IP 造成的不合理分配,这些 IP 被分配了但当前没有 <code>Service</code> 使用它们。</p>
|
||
<h3 id="ip-和-vip">IP 和 VIP</h3>
|
||
<p>不像 <code>Pod</code> 的 IP 地址,它实际路由到一个固定的目的地,<code>Service</code> 的 IP 实际上不能通过单个主机来进行应答。
|
||
相反,我们使用 <code>iptables</code>(Linux 中的数据包处理逻辑)来定义一个虚拟IP地址(VIP),它可以根据需要透明地进行重定向。
|
||
当客户端连接到 VIP 时,它们的流量会自动地传输到一个合适的 Endpoint。
|
||
环境变量和 DNS,实际上会根据 <code>Service</code> 的 VIP 和端口来进行填充。</p>
|
||
<h4 id="userspace">Userspace</h4>
|
||
<p>作为一个例子,考虑前面提到的图片处理应用程序。
|
||
当创建 backend <code>Service</code> 时,Kubernetes master 会给它指派一个虚拟 IP 地址,比如 10.0.0.1。
|
||
假设 <code>Service</code> 的端口是 1234,该 <code>Service</code> 会被集群中所有的 <code>kube-proxy</code> 实例观察到。
|
||
当代理看到一个新的 <code>Service</code>, 它会打开一个新的端口,建立一个从该 VIP 重定向到新端口的 iptables,并开始接收请求连接。</p>
|
||
<p>当一个客户端连接到一个 VIP,iptables 规则开始起作用,它会重定向该数据包到 <code>Service代理</code> 的端口。
|
||
<code>Service代理</code> 选择一个 backend,并将客户端的流量代理到 backend 上。</p>
|
||
<p>这意味着 <code>Service</code> 的所有者能够选择任何他们想使用的端口,而不存在冲突的风险。
|
||
客户端可以简单地连接到一个 IP 和端口,而不需要知道实际访问了哪些 <code>Pod</code>。</p>
|
||
<h4 id="iptables">Iptables</h4>
|
||
<p>再次考虑前面提到的图片处理应用程序。
|
||
当创建 backend <code>Service</code> 时,Kubernetes master 会给它指派一个虚拟 IP 地址,比如 10.0.0.1。
|
||
假设 <code>Service</code> 的端口是 1234,该 <code>Service</code> 会被集群中所有的 <code>kube-proxy</code> 实例观察到。
|
||
当代理看到一个新的 <code>Service</code>, 它会安装一系列的 iptables 规则,从 VIP 重定向到 per-<code>Service</code> 规则。
|
||
该 per-<code>Service</code> 规则连接到 per-<code>Endpoint</code> 规则,该 per-<code>Endpoint</code> 规则会重定向(目标 NAT)到 backend。</p>
|
||
<p>当一个客户端连接到一个 VIP,iptables 规则开始起作用。一个 backend 会被选择(或者根据会话亲和性,或者随机),数据包被重定向到这个 backend。
|
||
不像 userspace 代理,数据包从来不拷贝到用户空间,kube-proxy 不是必须为该 VIP 工作而运行,并且客户端 IP 是不可更改的。
|
||
当流量打到 Node 的端口上,或通过负载均衡器,会执行相同的基本流程,但是在那些案例中客户端 IP 是可以更改的。</p>
|
||
<h2 id="api-对象">API 对象</h2>
|
||
<p>在 Kubernetes REST API 中,Service 是 top-level 资源。</p>
|
||
<h2 id="更多信息">更多信息</h2>
|
||
<ul>
|
||
<li><a href="https://kubernetes.io/docs/tutorials/connecting-apps/connecting-frontend-backend/" target="_blank">使用 Service 连接 Frontend 到 Backend</a> </li>
|
||
</ul>
|
||
<footer class="page-footer"><span class="copyright"><p><a href="https://github.com/alipay/sofa-mesh" target="_blank">SOFAMesh - 基于 Istio 的大规模服务网格解决方案</a> | <a href="https://github.com/alipay/sofa-mosn" target="_blank">SOFAMosn - Golang 版的高性能 Service Mesh Sidecar 代理</a></p>Copyright © jimmysong.io 2017-2018 all right reserved,powered by Gitbook</span><span class="footer-modification"> Updated at
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