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序言
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2.1 设计理念
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2.2 Objects
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<ul class="articles">
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<li class="chapter " data-level="1.3.2.1" data-path="../concepts/pod-overview.html">
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<a href="../concepts/pod-overview.html">
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2.2.1 Pod
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</a>
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<ul class="articles">
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<li class="chapter " data-level="1.3.2.1.1" data-path="../concepts/pod.html">
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<a href="../concepts/pod.html">
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2.2.1.1 Pod解析
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</a>
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<li class="chapter " data-level="1.3.2.1.2" data-path="../concepts/init-containers.html">
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<a href="../concepts/init-containers.html">
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2.2.1.2 Init容器
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</a>
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<li class="chapter " data-level="1.3.2.1.3" data-path="../concepts/pod-security-policy.html">
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<a href="../concepts/pod-security-policy.html">
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2.2.1.3 Pod安全策略
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</a>
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<li class="chapter " data-level="1.3.2.1.4" data-path="../concepts/pod-lifecycle.html">
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<a href="../concepts/pod-lifecycle.html">
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2.2.1.4 Pod的生命周期
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</a>
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</li>
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</ul>
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<li class="chapter " data-level="1.3.2.2" data-path="../concepts/node.html">
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<a href="../concepts/node.html">
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2.2.2 Node
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</a>
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<li class="chapter " data-level="1.3.2.3" data-path="../concepts/namespace.html">
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<a href="../concepts/namespace.html">
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2.2.3 Namespace
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</a>
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<li class="chapter " data-level="1.3.2.4" data-path="../concepts/service.html">
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<a href="../concepts/service.html">
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2.2.4 Service
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</a>
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</li>
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<li class="chapter " data-level="1.3.2.5" data-path="../concepts/volume.html">
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<a href="../concepts/volume.html">
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2.2.5 Volume和Persistent Volume
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</a>
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<li class="chapter " data-level="1.3.2.6" data-path="../concepts/deployment.html">
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<a href="../concepts/deployment.html">
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2.2.6 Deployment
|
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|
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</a>
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</li>
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<li class="chapter " data-level="1.3.2.7" data-path="../concepts/secret.html">
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<a href="../concepts/secret.html">
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||
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2.2.7 Secret
|
||
|
||
</a>
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|
||
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</li>
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<li class="chapter " data-level="1.3.2.8" data-path="../concepts/statefulset.html">
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<a href="../concepts/statefulset.html">
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||
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2.2.8 StatefulSet
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||
|
||
</a>
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||
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</li>
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<li class="chapter " data-level="1.3.2.9" data-path="../concepts/daemonset.html">
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<a href="../concepts/daemonset.html">
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||
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2.2.9 DaemonSet
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||
|
||
</a>
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||
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||
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</li>
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<li class="chapter " data-level="1.3.2.10" data-path="../concepts/serviceaccount.html">
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<a href="../concepts/serviceaccount.html">
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||
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2.2.10 ServiceAccount
|
||
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||
</a>
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</li>
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<li class="chapter " data-level="1.3.2.11" data-path="../concepts/replicaset.html">
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<a href="../concepts/replicaset.html">
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||
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||
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2.2.11 ReplicationController和ReplicaSet
|
||
|
||
</a>
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||
|
||
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||
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</li>
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<li class="chapter " data-level="1.3.2.12" data-path="../concepts/job.html">
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<a href="../concepts/job.html">
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||
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||
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2.2.12 Job
|
||
|
||
</a>
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||
|
||
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||
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</li>
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|
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<li class="chapter " data-level="1.3.2.13" data-path="../concepts/cronjob.html">
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||
|
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<a href="../concepts/cronjob.html">
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||
|
||
|
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2.2.13 CronJob
|
||
|
||
</a>
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||
|
||
|
||
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</li>
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|
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<li class="chapter " data-level="1.3.2.14" data-path="../concepts/ingress.html">
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<a href="../concepts/ingress.html">
|
||
|
||
|
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2.2.14 Ingress
|
||
|
||
</a>
|
||
|
||
|
||
|
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</li>
|
||
|
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<li class="chapter " data-level="1.3.2.15" data-path="../concepts/configmap.html">
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||
|
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<a href="../concepts/configmap.html">
|
||
|
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|
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2.2.15 ConfigMap
|
||
|
||
</a>
|
||
|
||
|
||
|
||
</li>
|
||
|
||
<li class="chapter " data-level="1.3.2.16" data-path="../concepts/horizontal-pod-autoscaling.html">
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|
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<a href="../concepts/horizontal-pod-autoscaling.html">
|
||
|
||
|
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2.2.16 Horizontal Pod Autoscaling
|
||
|
||
</a>
|
||
|
||
|
||
|
||
</li>
|
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|
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<li class="chapter " data-level="1.3.2.17" data-path="../concepts/label.html">
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||
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<a href="../concepts/label.html">
|
||
|
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|
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2.2.17 Label
|
||
|
||
</a>
|
||
|
||
|
||
|
||
</li>
|
||
|
||
<li class="chapter " data-level="1.3.2.18" data-path="../concepts/garbage-collection.html">
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||
|
||
<a href="../concepts/garbage-collection.html">
|
||
|
||
|
||
2.2.18 垃圾收集
|
||
|
||
</a>
|
||
|
||
|
||
|
||
</li>
|
||
|
||
<li class="chapter " data-level="1.3.2.19" data-path="../concepts/network-policy.html">
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||
|
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<a href="../concepts/network-policy.html">
|
||
|
||
|
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2.2.19 NetworkPolicy
|
||
|
||
</a>
|
||
|
||
|
||
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||
</li>
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||
|
||
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</ul>
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</li>
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</ul>
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</li>
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<li class="chapter " data-level="1.4" data-path="./">
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<a href="./">
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3. 用户指南
|
||
|
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</a>
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<ul class="articles">
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|
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|
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<li class="chapter " data-level="1.4.1" data-path="resource-configuration.html">
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||
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<a href="resource-configuration.html">
|
||
|
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3.1 资源对象配置
|
||
|
||
</a>
|
||
|
||
|
||
|
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<ul class="articles">
|
||
|
||
|
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<li class="chapter active" data-level="1.4.1.1" data-path="configure-liveness-readiness-probes.html">
|
||
|
||
<a href="configure-liveness-readiness-probes.html">
|
||
|
||
|
||
3.1.1 配置Pod的liveness和readiness探针
|
||
|
||
</a>
|
||
|
||
|
||
|
||
</li>
|
||
|
||
<li class="chapter " data-level="1.4.1.2" data-path="configure-pod-service-account.html">
|
||
|
||
<a href="configure-pod-service-account.html">
|
||
|
||
|
||
3.1.2 配置Pod的Service Account
|
||
|
||
</a>
|
||
|
||
|
||
|
||
</li>
|
||
|
||
<li class="chapter " data-level="1.4.1.3" data-path="secret-configuration.html">
|
||
|
||
<a href="secret-configuration.html">
|
||
|
||
|
||
3.1.3 Secret配置
|
||
|
||
</a>
|
||
|
||
|
||
|
||
</li>
|
||
|
||
<li class="chapter " data-level="1.4.1.4" data-path="resource-quota-management.html">
|
||
|
||
<a href="resource-quota-management.html">
|
||
|
||
|
||
3.2.3 管理namespace中的资源配额
|
||
|
||
</a>
|
||
|
||
|
||
|
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</li>
|
||
|
||
|
||
</ul>
|
||
|
||
</li>
|
||
|
||
<li class="chapter " data-level="1.4.2" data-path="command-usage.html">
|
||
|
||
<a href="command-usage.html">
|
||
|
||
|
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3.2 命令使用
|
||
|
||
</a>
|
||
|
||
|
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|
||
<ul class="articles">
|
||
|
||
|
||
<li class="chapter " data-level="1.4.2.1" data-path="docker-cli-to-kubectl.html">
|
||
|
||
<a href="docker-cli-to-kubectl.html">
|
||
|
||
|
||
3.2.1 docker用户过度到kubectl命令行指南
|
||
|
||
</a>
|
||
|
||
|
||
|
||
</li>
|
||
|
||
<li class="chapter " data-level="1.4.2.2" data-path="using-kubectl.html">
|
||
|
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<a href="using-kubectl.html">
|
||
|
||
|
||
3.2.2 kubectl命令概览
|
||
|
||
</a>
|
||
|
||
|
||
|
||
</li>
|
||
|
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<li class="chapter " data-level="1.4.2.3" data-path="kubectl-cheatsheet.html">
|
||
|
||
<a href="kubectl-cheatsheet.html">
|
||
|
||
|
||
3.2.3 kubectl命令技巧大全
|
||
|
||
</a>
|
||
|
||
|
||
|
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</li>
|
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|
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|
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</ul>
|
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|
||
</li>
|
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|
||
<li class="chapter " data-level="1.4.3" data-path="cluster-security-management.html">
|
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|
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<a href="cluster-security-management.html">
|
||
|
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|
||
3.3 集群安全性管理
|
||
|
||
</a>
|
||
|
||
|
||
|
||
<ul class="articles">
|
||
|
||
|
||
<li class="chapter " data-level="1.4.3.1" data-path="managing-tls-in-a-cluster.html">
|
||
|
||
<a href="managing-tls-in-a-cluster.html">
|
||
|
||
|
||
3.3.1 管理集群中的TLS
|
||
|
||
</a>
|
||
|
||
|
||
|
||
</li>
|
||
|
||
<li class="chapter " data-level="1.4.3.2" data-path="kubelet-authentication-authorization.html">
|
||
|
||
<a href="kubelet-authentication-authorization.html">
|
||
|
||
|
||
3.3.2 kubelet的认证授权
|
||
|
||
</a>
|
||
|
||
|
||
|
||
</li>
|
||
|
||
<li class="chapter " data-level="1.4.3.3" data-path="tls-bootstrapping.html">
|
||
|
||
<a href="tls-bootstrapping.html">
|
||
|
||
|
||
3.3.3 TLS bootstrap
|
||
|
||
</a>
|
||
|
||
|
||
|
||
</li>
|
||
|
||
<li class="chapter " data-level="1.4.3.4" data-path="kubectl-user-authentication-authorization.html">
|
||
|
||
<a href="kubectl-user-authentication-authorization.html">
|
||
|
||
|
||
3.3.4 创建用户认证授权的kubeconfig文件
|
||
|
||
</a>
|
||
|
||
|
||
|
||
</li>
|
||
|
||
<li class="chapter " data-level="1.4.3.5" data-path="rbac.html">
|
||
|
||
<a href="rbac.html">
|
||
|
||
|
||
3.3.5 RBAC——基于角色的访问控制
|
||
|
||
</a>
|
||
|
||
|
||
|
||
</li>
|
||
|
||
<li class="chapter " data-level="1.4.3.6" data-path="ip-masq-agent.html">
|
||
|
||
<a href="ip-masq-agent.html">
|
||
|
||
|
||
3.3.6 IP伪装代理
|
||
|
||
</a>
|
||
|
||
|
||
|
||
</li>
|
||
|
||
|
||
</ul>
|
||
|
||
</li>
|
||
|
||
<li class="chapter " data-level="1.4.4" data-path="access-kubernetes-cluster.html">
|
||
|
||
<a href="access-kubernetes-cluster.html">
|
||
|
||
|
||
3.4 访问 Kubernetes 集群
|
||
|
||
</a>
|
||
|
||
|
||
|
||
<ul class="articles">
|
||
|
||
|
||
<li class="chapter " data-level="1.4.4.1" data-path="access-cluster.html">
|
||
|
||
<a href="access-cluster.html">
|
||
|
||
|
||
3.4.1 访问集群
|
||
|
||
</a>
|
||
|
||
|
||
|
||
</li>
|
||
|
||
<li class="chapter " data-level="1.4.4.2" data-path="authenticate-across-clusters-kubeconfig.html">
|
||
|
||
<a href="authenticate-across-clusters-kubeconfig.html">
|
||
|
||
|
||
3.4.2 使用 kubeconfig 文件配置跨集群认证
|
||
|
||
</a>
|
||
|
||
|
||
|
||
</li>
|
||
|
||
<li class="chapter " data-level="1.4.4.3" data-path="connecting-to-applications-port-forward.html">
|
||
|
||
<a href="connecting-to-applications-port-forward.html">
|
||
|
||
|
||
3.4.3 通过端口转发访问集群中的应用程序
|
||
|
||
</a>
|
||
|
||
|
||
|
||
</li>
|
||
|
||
<li class="chapter " data-level="1.4.4.4" data-path="service-access-application-cluster.html">
|
||
|
||
<a href="service-access-application-cluster.html">
|
||
|
||
|
||
3.4.4 使用 service 访问群集中的应用程序
|
||
|
||
</a>
|
||
|
||
|
||
|
||
</li>
|
||
|
||
|
||
</ul>
|
||
|
||
</li>
|
||
|
||
<li class="chapter " data-level="1.4.5" data-path="application-development-deployment-flow.html">
|
||
|
||
<a href="application-development-deployment-flow.html">
|
||
|
||
|
||
3.5 在kubernetes中开发部署应用
|
||
|
||
</a>
|
||
|
||
|
||
|
||
<ul class="articles">
|
||
|
||
|
||
<li class="chapter " data-level="1.4.5.1" data-path="deploy-applications-in-kubernetes.html">
|
||
|
||
<a href="deploy-applications-in-kubernetes.html">
|
||
|
||
|
||
3.5.1 适用于kubernetes的应用开发部署流程
|
||
|
||
</a>
|
||
|
||
|
||
|
||
</li>
|
||
|
||
<li class="chapter " data-level="1.4.5.2" data-path="migrating-hadoop-yarn-to-kubernetes.html">
|
||
|
||
<a href="migrating-hadoop-yarn-to-kubernetes.html">
|
||
|
||
|
||
3.5.2 迁移传统应用到kubernetes中——以Hadoop YARN为例
|
||
|
||
</a>
|
||
|
||
|
||
|
||
</li>
|
||
|
||
<li class="chapter " data-level="1.4.5.3" data-path="using-statefulset.html">
|
||
|
||
<a href="using-statefulset.html">
|
||
|
||
|
||
3.5.3 使用StatefulSet部署用状态应用
|
||
|
||
</a>
|
||
|
||
|
||
|
||
</li>
|
||
|
||
|
||
</ul>
|
||
|
||
</li>
|
||
|
||
|
||
</ul>
|
||
|
||
</li>
|
||
|
||
<li class="chapter " data-level="1.5" data-path="../practice/">
|
||
|
||
<a href="../practice/">
|
||
|
||
|
||
4. 最佳实践
|
||
|
||
</a>
|
||
|
||
|
||
|
||
<ul class="articles">
|
||
|
||
|
||
<li class="chapter " data-level="1.5.1" data-path="../practice/install-kbernetes1.6-on-centos.html">
|
||
|
||
<a href="../practice/install-kbernetes1.6-on-centos.html">
|
||
|
||
|
||
4.1 在CentOS上部署kubernetes1.6集群
|
||
|
||
</a>
|
||
|
||
|
||
|
||
<ul class="articles">
|
||
|
||
|
||
<li class="chapter " data-level="1.5.1.1" data-path="../practice/create-tls-and-secret-key.html">
|
||
|
||
<a href="../practice/create-tls-and-secret-key.html">
|
||
|
||
|
||
4.1.1 创建TLS证书和秘钥
|
||
|
||
</a>
|
||
|
||
|
||
|
||
</li>
|
||
|
||
<li class="chapter " data-level="1.5.1.2" data-path="../practice/create-kubeconfig.html">
|
||
|
||
<a href="../practice/create-kubeconfig.html">
|
||
|
||
|
||
4.1.2 创建kubeconfig文件
|
||
|
||
</a>
|
||
|
||
|
||
|
||
</li>
|
||
|
||
<li class="chapter " data-level="1.5.1.3" data-path="../practice/etcd-cluster-installation.html">
|
||
|
||
<a href="../practice/etcd-cluster-installation.html">
|
||
|
||
|
||
4.1.3 创建高可用etcd集群
|
||
|
||
</a>
|
||
|
||
|
||
|
||
</li>
|
||
|
||
<li class="chapter " data-level="1.5.1.4" data-path="../practice/kubectl-installation.html">
|
||
|
||
<a href="../practice/kubectl-installation.html">
|
||
|
||
|
||
4.1.4 安装kubectl命令行工具
|
||
|
||
</a>
|
||
|
||
|
||
|
||
</li>
|
||
|
||
<li class="chapter " data-level="1.5.1.5" data-path="../practice/master-installation.html">
|
||
|
||
<a href="../practice/master-installation.html">
|
||
|
||
|
||
4.1.5 部署master节点
|
||
|
||
</a>
|
||
|
||
|
||
|
||
</li>
|
||
|
||
<li class="chapter " data-level="1.5.1.6" data-path="../practice/node-installation.html">
|
||
|
||
<a href="../practice/node-installation.html">
|
||
|
||
|
||
4.1.6 部署node节点
|
||
|
||
</a>
|
||
|
||
|
||
|
||
</li>
|
||
|
||
<li class="chapter " data-level="1.5.1.7" data-path="../practice/kubedns-addon-installation.html">
|
||
|
||
<a href="../practice/kubedns-addon-installation.html">
|
||
|
||
|
||
4.1.7 安装kubedns插件
|
||
|
||
</a>
|
||
|
||
|
||
|
||
</li>
|
||
|
||
<li class="chapter " data-level="1.5.1.8" data-path="../practice/dashboard-addon-installation.html">
|
||
|
||
<a href="../practice/dashboard-addon-installation.html">
|
||
|
||
|
||
4.1.8 安装dashboard插件
|
||
|
||
</a>
|
||
|
||
|
||
|
||
</li>
|
||
|
||
<li class="chapter " data-level="1.5.1.9" data-path="../practice/heapster-addon-installation.html">
|
||
|
||
<a href="../practice/heapster-addon-installation.html">
|
||
|
||
|
||
4.1.9 安装heapster插件
|
||
|
||
</a>
|
||
|
||
|
||
|
||
</li>
|
||
|
||
<li class="chapter " data-level="1.5.1.10" data-path="../practice/efk-addon-installation.html">
|
||
|
||
<a href="../practice/efk-addon-installation.html">
|
||
|
||
|
||
4.1.10 安装EFK插件
|
||
|
||
</a>
|
||
|
||
|
||
|
||
</li>
|
||
|
||
|
||
</ul>
|
||
|
||
</li>
|
||
|
||
<li class="chapter " data-level="1.5.2" data-path="../practice/service-discovery-and-loadbalancing.html">
|
||
|
||
<a href="../practice/service-discovery-and-loadbalancing.html">
|
||
|
||
|
||
4.2 服务发现与负载均衡
|
||
|
||
</a>
|
||
|
||
|
||
|
||
<ul class="articles">
|
||
|
||
|
||
<li class="chapter " data-level="1.5.2.1" data-path="../practice/traefik-ingress-installation.html">
|
||
|
||
<a href="../practice/traefik-ingress-installation.html">
|
||
|
||
|
||
4.2.1 安装Traefik ingress
|
||
|
||
</a>
|
||
|
||
|
||
|
||
</li>
|
||
|
||
<li class="chapter " data-level="1.5.2.2" data-path="../practice/distributed-load-test.html">
|
||
|
||
<a href="../practice/distributed-load-test.html">
|
||
|
||
|
||
4.2.2 分布式负载测试
|
||
|
||
</a>
|
||
|
||
|
||
|
||
</li>
|
||
|
||
<li class="chapter " data-level="1.5.2.3" data-path="../practice/network-and-cluster-perfermance-test.html">
|
||
|
||
<a href="../practice/network-and-cluster-perfermance-test.html">
|
||
|
||
|
||
4.2.3 网络和集群性能测试
|
||
|
||
</a>
|
||
|
||
|
||
|
||
</li>
|
||
|
||
<li class="chapter " data-level="1.5.2.4" data-path="../practice/edge-node-configuration.html">
|
||
|
||
<a href="../practice/edge-node-configuration.html">
|
||
|
||
|
||
4.2.4 边缘节点配置
|
||
|
||
</a>
|
||
|
||
|
||
|
||
</li>
|
||
|
||
<li class="chapter " data-level="1.5.2.5" data-path="../practice/nginx-ingress-installation.html">
|
||
|
||
<a href="../practice/nginx-ingress-installation.html">
|
||
|
||
|
||
4.2.5 安装Nginx ingress
|
||
|
||
</a>
|
||
|
||
|
||
|
||
</li>
|
||
|
||
|
||
</ul>
|
||
|
||
</li>
|
||
|
||
<li class="chapter " data-level="1.5.3" data-path="../practice/operation.html">
|
||
|
||
<a href="../practice/operation.html">
|
||
|
||
|
||
4.3 运维管理
|
||
|
||
</a>
|
||
|
||
|
||
|
||
<ul class="articles">
|
||
|
||
|
||
<li class="chapter " data-level="1.5.3.1" data-path="../practice/service-rolling-update.html">
|
||
|
||
<a href="../practice/service-rolling-update.html">
|
||
|
||
|
||
4.3.1 服务滚动升级
|
||
|
||
</a>
|
||
|
||
|
||
|
||
</li>
|
||
|
||
<li class="chapter " data-level="1.5.3.2" data-path="../practice/app-log-collection.html">
|
||
|
||
<a href="../practice/app-log-collection.html">
|
||
|
||
|
||
4.3.2 应用日志收集
|
||
|
||
</a>
|
||
|
||
|
||
|
||
</li>
|
||
|
||
<li class="chapter " data-level="1.5.3.3" data-path="../practice/configuration-best-practice.html">
|
||
|
||
<a href="../practice/configuration-best-practice.html">
|
||
|
||
|
||
4.3.3 配置最佳实践
|
||
|
||
</a>
|
||
|
||
|
||
|
||
</li>
|
||
|
||
<li class="chapter " data-level="1.5.3.4" data-path="../practice/monitor.html">
|
||
|
||
<a href="../practice/monitor.html">
|
||
|
||
|
||
4.3.4 集群及应用监控
|
||
|
||
</a>
|
||
|
||
|
||
|
||
</li>
|
||
|
||
<li class="chapter " data-level="1.5.3.5" data-path="../practice/data-persistence-problem.html">
|
||
|
||
<a href="../practice/data-persistence-problem.html">
|
||
|
||
|
||
4.3.6 数据持久化问题
|
||
|
||
</a>
|
||
|
||
|
||
|
||
</li>
|
||
|
||
<li class="chapter " data-level="1.5.3.6" data-path="../practice/manage-compute-resources-container.html">
|
||
|
||
<a href="../practice/manage-compute-resources-container.html">
|
||
|
||
|
||
4.3.7 管理容器的计算资源
|
||
|
||
</a>
|
||
|
||
|
||
|
||
</li>
|
||
|
||
<li class="chapter " data-level="1.5.3.7" data-path="../practice/using-prometheus-to-monitor-kuberentes-cluster.html">
|
||
|
||
<a href="../practice/using-prometheus-to-monitor-kuberentes-cluster.html">
|
||
|
||
|
||
4.3.8 使用Prometheus监控kubernetes集群
|
||
|
||
</a>
|
||
|
||
|
||
|
||
</li>
|
||
|
||
<li class="chapter " data-level="1.5.3.8" data-path="../practice/using-heapster-to-get-object-metrics.html">
|
||
|
||
<a href="../practice/using-heapster-to-get-object-metrics.html">
|
||
|
||
|
||
4.3.9 使用Heapster获取集群和对象的metric数据
|
||
|
||
</a>
|
||
|
||
|
||
|
||
</li>
|
||
|
||
|
||
</ul>
|
||
|
||
</li>
|
||
|
||
<li class="chapter " data-level="1.5.4" data-path="../practice/storage.html">
|
||
|
||
<a href="../practice/storage.html">
|
||
|
||
|
||
4.4 存储管理
|
||
|
||
</a>
|
||
|
||
|
||
|
||
<ul class="articles">
|
||
|
||
|
||
<li class="chapter " data-level="1.5.4.1" data-path="../practice/glusterfs.html">
|
||
|
||
<a href="../practice/glusterfs.html">
|
||
|
||
|
||
4.4.1 GlusterFS
|
||
|
||
</a>
|
||
|
||
|
||
|
||
<ul class="articles">
|
||
|
||
|
||
<li class="chapter " data-level="1.5.4.1.1" data-path="../practice/using-glusterfs-for-persistent-storage.html">
|
||
|
||
<a href="../practice/using-glusterfs-for-persistent-storage.html">
|
||
|
||
|
||
4.4.1.1 使用GlusterFS做持久化存储
|
||
|
||
</a>
|
||
|
||
|
||
|
||
</li>
|
||
|
||
<li class="chapter " data-level="1.5.4.1.2" data-path="../practice/storage-for-containers-using-glusterfs-with-openshift.html">
|
||
|
||
<a href="../practice/storage-for-containers-using-glusterfs-with-openshift.html">
|
||
|
||
|
||
4.4.1.2 在OpenShift中使用GlusterFS做持久化存储
|
||
|
||
</a>
|
||
|
||
|
||
|
||
</li>
|
||
|
||
|
||
</ul>
|
||
|
||
</li>
|
||
|
||
<li class="chapter " data-level="1.5.4.2" data-path="../practice/cephfs.html">
|
||
|
||
<a href="../practice/cephfs.html">
|
||
|
||
|
||
4.4.2 CephFS
|
||
|
||
</a>
|
||
|
||
|
||
|
||
<ul class="articles">
|
||
|
||
|
||
<li class="chapter " data-level="1.5.4.2.1" data-path="../practice/using-ceph-for-persistent-storage.html">
|
||
|
||
<a href="../practice/using-ceph-for-persistent-storage.html">
|
||
|
||
|
||
4.4.2.1 使用Ceph做持久化存储
|
||
|
||
</a>
|
||
|
||
|
||
|
||
</li>
|
||
|
||
|
||
</ul>
|
||
|
||
</li>
|
||
|
||
|
||
</ul>
|
||
|
||
</li>
|
||
|
||
<li class="chapter " data-level="1.5.5" data-path="../practice/services-management-tool.html">
|
||
|
||
<a href="../practice/services-management-tool.html">
|
||
|
||
|
||
4.5 服务编排管理
|
||
|
||
</a>
|
||
|
||
|
||
|
||
<ul class="articles">
|
||
|
||
|
||
<li class="chapter " data-level="1.5.5.1" data-path="../practice/helm.html">
|
||
|
||
<a href="../practice/helm.html">
|
||
|
||
|
||
4.5.1 使用Helm管理kubernetes应用
|
||
|
||
</a>
|
||
|
||
|
||
|
||
</li>
|
||
|
||
<li class="chapter " data-level="1.5.5.2" data-path="../practice/create-private-charts-repo.html">
|
||
|
||
<a href="../practice/create-private-charts-repo.html">
|
||
|
||
|
||
4.5.2 构建私有Chart仓库
|
||
|
||
</a>
|
||
|
||
|
||
|
||
</li>
|
||
|
||
|
||
</ul>
|
||
|
||
</li>
|
||
|
||
<li class="chapter " data-level="1.5.6" data-path="../practice/ci-cd.html">
|
||
|
||
<a href="../practice/ci-cd.html">
|
||
|
||
|
||
4.6 持续集成与发布
|
||
|
||
</a>
|
||
|
||
|
||
|
||
<ul class="articles">
|
||
|
||
|
||
<li class="chapter " data-level="1.5.6.1" data-path="../practice/jenkins-ci-cd.html">
|
||
|
||
<a href="../practice/jenkins-ci-cd.html">
|
||
|
||
|
||
4.6.1 使用Jenkins进行持续集成与发布
|
||
|
||
</a>
|
||
|
||
|
||
|
||
</li>
|
||
|
||
<li class="chapter " data-level="1.5.6.2" data-path="../practice/drone-ci-cd.html">
|
||
|
||
<a href="../practice/drone-ci-cd.html">
|
||
|
||
|
||
4.6.2 使用Drone进行持续集成与发布
|
||
|
||
</a>
|
||
|
||
|
||
|
||
</li>
|
||
|
||
|
||
</ul>
|
||
|
||
</li>
|
||
|
||
<li class="chapter " data-level="1.5.7" data-path="../practice/update-and-upgrade.html">
|
||
|
||
<a href="../practice/update-and-upgrade.html">
|
||
|
||
|
||
4.7 更新与升级
|
||
|
||
</a>
|
||
|
||
|
||
|
||
<ul class="articles">
|
||
|
||
|
||
<li class="chapter " data-level="1.5.7.1" data-path="../practice/manually-upgrade.html">
|
||
|
||
<a href="../practice/manually-upgrade.html">
|
||
|
||
|
||
4.7.1 手动升级kubernetes集群
|
||
|
||
</a>
|
||
|
||
|
||
|
||
</li>
|
||
|
||
<li class="chapter " data-level="1.5.7.2" data-path="../practice/dashboard-upgrade.html">
|
||
|
||
<a href="../practice/dashboard-upgrade.html">
|
||
|
||
|
||
4.7.2 升级dashboard
|
||
|
||
</a>
|
||
|
||
|
||
|
||
</li>
|
||
|
||
|
||
</ul>
|
||
|
||
</li>
|
||
|
||
|
||
</ul>
|
||
|
||
</li>
|
||
|
||
<li class="chapter " data-level="1.6" data-path="../usecases/">
|
||
|
||
<a href="../usecases/">
|
||
|
||
|
||
5. 领域应用
|
||
|
||
</a>
|
||
|
||
|
||
|
||
<ul class="articles">
|
||
|
||
|
||
<li class="chapter " data-level="1.6.1" data-path="../usecases/microservices.html">
|
||
|
||
<a href="../usecases/microservices.html">
|
||
|
||
|
||
5.1 微服务架构
|
||
|
||
</a>
|
||
|
||
|
||
|
||
<ul class="articles">
|
||
|
||
|
||
<li class="chapter " data-level="1.6.1.1" data-path="../usecases/service-discovery-in-microservices.html">
|
||
|
||
<a href="../usecases/service-discovery-in-microservices.html">
|
||
|
||
|
||
5.1.1 微服务中的服务发现
|
||
|
||
</a>
|
||
|
||
|
||
|
||
</li>
|
||
|
||
|
||
</ul>
|
||
|
||
</li>
|
||
|
||
<li class="chapter " data-level="1.6.2" data-path="../usecases/service-mesh.html">
|
||
|
||
<a href="../usecases/service-mesh.html">
|
||
|
||
|
||
5.2 Service Mesh 服务网格
|
||
|
||
</a>
|
||
|
||
|
||
|
||
<ul class="articles">
|
||
|
||
|
||
<li class="chapter " data-level="1.6.2.1" data-path="../usecases/istio.html">
|
||
|
||
<a href="../usecases/istio.html">
|
||
|
||
|
||
5.1.1 Istio
|
||
|
||
</a>
|
||
|
||
|
||
|
||
<ul class="articles">
|
||
|
||
|
||
<li class="chapter " data-level="1.6.2.1.1" data-path="../usecases/istio-installation.html">
|
||
|
||
<a href="../usecases/istio-installation.html">
|
||
|
||
|
||
5.1.1.1 安装istio
|
||
|
||
</a>
|
||
|
||
|
||
|
||
</li>
|
||
|
||
<li class="chapter " data-level="1.6.2.1.2" data-path="../usecases/configuring-request-routing.html">
|
||
|
||
<a href="../usecases/configuring-request-routing.html">
|
||
|
||
|
||
5.1.1.2 配置请求的路由规则
|
||
|
||
</a>
|
||
|
||
|
||
|
||
</li>
|
||
|
||
|
||
</ul>
|
||
|
||
</li>
|
||
|
||
<li class="chapter " data-level="1.6.2.2" data-path="../usecases/linkerd.html">
|
||
|
||
<a href="../usecases/linkerd.html">
|
||
|
||
|
||
5.1.2 Linkerd
|
||
|
||
</a>
|
||
|
||
|
||
|
||
<ul class="articles">
|
||
|
||
|
||
<li class="chapter " data-level="1.6.2.2.1" data-path="../usecases/linkerd-user-guide.html">
|
||
|
||
<a href="../usecases/linkerd-user-guide.html">
|
||
|
||
|
||
5.1.2.1 Linkerd 使用指南
|
||
|
||
</a>
|
||
|
||
|
||
|
||
</li>
|
||
|
||
|
||
</ul>
|
||
|
||
</li>
|
||
|
||
|
||
</ul>
|
||
|
||
</li>
|
||
|
||
<li class="chapter " data-level="1.6.3" data-path="../usecases/big-data.html">
|
||
|
||
<a href="../usecases/big-data.html">
|
||
|
||
|
||
5.2 大数据
|
||
|
||
</a>
|
||
|
||
|
||
|
||
<ul class="articles">
|
||
|
||
|
||
<li class="chapter " data-level="1.6.3.1" data-path="../usecases/spark-standalone-on-kubernetes.html">
|
||
|
||
<a href="../usecases/spark-standalone-on-kubernetes.html">
|
||
|
||
|
||
5.2.1 Spark standalone on Kubernetes
|
||
|
||
</a>
|
||
|
||
|
||
|
||
</li>
|
||
|
||
<li class="chapter " data-level="1.6.3.2" data-path="../usecases/running-spark-with-kubernetes-native-scheduler.html">
|
||
|
||
<a href="../usecases/running-spark-with-kubernetes-native-scheduler.html">
|
||
|
||
|
||
5.2.2 运行支持kubernetes原生调度的Spark程序
|
||
|
||
</a>
|
||
|
||
|
||
|
||
</li>
|
||
|
||
|
||
</ul>
|
||
|
||
</li>
|
||
|
||
<li class="chapter " data-level="1.6.4" data-path="../usecases/serverless.html">
|
||
|
||
<a href="../usecases/serverless.html">
|
||
|
||
|
||
5.3 Serverless架构
|
||
|
||
</a>
|
||
|
||
|
||
|
||
</li>
|
||
|
||
<li class="chapter " data-level="1.6.5" data-path="../usecases/edge-computing.html">
|
||
|
||
<a href="../usecases/edge-computing.html">
|
||
|
||
|
||
5.4 边缘计算
|
||
|
||
</a>
|
||
|
||
|
||
|
||
</li>
|
||
|
||
|
||
</ul>
|
||
|
||
</li>
|
||
|
||
<li class="chapter " data-level="1.7" data-path="../develop/">
|
||
|
||
<a href="../develop/">
|
||
|
||
|
||
6. 开发指南
|
||
|
||
</a>
|
||
|
||
|
||
|
||
<ul class="articles">
|
||
|
||
|
||
<li class="chapter " data-level="1.7.1" data-path="../develop/developing-environment.html">
|
||
|
||
<a href="../develop/developing-environment.html">
|
||
|
||
|
||
6.1 开发环境搭建
|
||
|
||
</a>
|
||
|
||
|
||
|
||
</li>
|
||
|
||
<li class="chapter " data-level="1.7.2" data-path="../develop/testing.html">
|
||
|
||
<a href="../develop/testing.html">
|
||
|
||
|
||
6.2 单元测试和集成测试
|
||
|
||
</a>
|
||
|
||
|
||
|
||
</li>
|
||
|
||
<li class="chapter " data-level="1.7.3" data-path="../develop/client-go-sample.html">
|
||
|
||
<a href="../develop/client-go-sample.html">
|
||
|
||
|
||
6.3 client-go示例
|
||
|
||
</a>
|
||
|
||
|
||
|
||
</li>
|
||
|
||
<li class="chapter " data-level="1.7.4" data-path="../develop/contribute.html">
|
||
|
||
<a href="../develop/contribute.html">
|
||
|
||
|
||
6.4 社区贡献
|
||
|
||
</a>
|
||
|
||
|
||
|
||
</li>
|
||
|
||
<li class="chapter " data-level="1.7.5" data-path="../develop/minikube.html">
|
||
|
||
<a href="../develop/minikube.html">
|
||
|
||
|
||
6.5 Minikube
|
||
|
||
</a>
|
||
|
||
|
||
|
||
</li>
|
||
|
||
|
||
</ul>
|
||
|
||
</li>
|
||
|
||
<li class="chapter " data-level="1.8" data-path="../appendix/">
|
||
|
||
<a href="../appendix/">
|
||
|
||
|
||
7. 附录
|
||
|
||
</a>
|
||
|
||
|
||
|
||
<ul class="articles">
|
||
|
||
|
||
<li class="chapter " data-level="1.8.1" data-path="../appendix/docker-best-practice.html">
|
||
|
||
<a href="../appendix/docker-best-practice.html">
|
||
|
||
|
||
7.1 Docker最佳实践
|
||
|
||
</a>
|
||
|
||
|
||
|
||
</li>
|
||
|
||
<li class="chapter " data-level="1.8.2" data-path="../appendix/issues.html">
|
||
|
||
<a href="../appendix/issues.html">
|
||
|
||
|
||
7.2 问题记录
|
||
|
||
</a>
|
||
|
||
|
||
|
||
</li>
|
||
|
||
<li class="chapter " data-level="1.8.3" data-path="../appendix/tricks.html">
|
||
|
||
<a href="../appendix/tricks.html">
|
||
|
||
|
||
7.3 使用技巧
|
||
|
||
</a>
|
||
|
||
|
||
|
||
</li>
|
||
|
||
<li class="chapter " data-level="1.8.4" data-path="../appendix/debug-kubernetes-services.html">
|
||
|
||
<a href="../appendix/debug-kubernetes-services.html">
|
||
|
||
|
||
7.4 kubernetes中的应用故障排查
|
||
|
||
</a>
|
||
|
||
|
||
|
||
</li>
|
||
|
||
<li class="chapter " data-level="1.8.5" data-path="../appendix/material-share.html">
|
||
|
||
<a href="../appendix/material-share.html">
|
||
|
||
|
||
7.5 Kubernetes相关资讯和情报链接
|
||
|
||
</a>
|
||
|
||
|
||
|
||
</li>
|
||
|
||
|
||
</ul>
|
||
|
||
</li>
|
||
|
||
|
||
|
||
|
||
<li class="divider"></li>
|
||
|
||
<li>
|
||
<a href="https://www.gitbook.com" target="blank" class="gitbook-link">
|
||
本书使用 GitBook 发布
|
||
</a>
|
||
</li>
|
||
</ul>
|
||
|
||
|
||
</nav>
|
||
|
||
|
||
</div>
|
||
|
||
<div class="book-body">
|
||
|
||
<div class="body-inner">
|
||
|
||
|
||
|
||
<div class="book-header" role="navigation">
|
||
|
||
|
||
<!-- Title -->
|
||
<h1>
|
||
<i class="fa fa-circle-o-notch fa-spin"></i>
|
||
<a href=".." >3.1.1 配置Pod的liveness和readiness探针</a>
|
||
</h1>
|
||
</div>
|
||
|
||
|
||
|
||
|
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<div class="page-wrapper" tabindex="-1" role="main">
|
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<div class="page-inner">
|
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|
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<div class="search-plus" id="book-search-results">
|
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<div class="search-noresults">
|
||
|
||
<section class="normal markdown-section">
|
||
|
||
<h1 id="配置pod的liveness和readiness探针">配置Pod的liveness和readiness探针</h1>
|
||
<p>当你使用kuberentes的时候，有没有遇到过Pod在启动后一会就挂掉然后又重新启动这样的恶性循环？你有没有想过kubernetes是如何检测pod是否还存活？虽然容器已经启动，但是kubernetes如何知道容器的进程是否准备好对外提供服务了呢？让我们通过kuberentes官网的这篇文章<a href="https://kubernetes.io/docs/tasks/configure-pod-container/configure-liveness-readiness-probes/" target="_blank">Configure Liveness and Readiness Probes</a>，来一探究竟。</p>
|
||
<p>本文将向展示如何配置容器的存活和可读性探针。</p>
|
||
<p>Kubelet使用liveness probe（存活探针）来确定何时重启容器。例如，当应用程序处于运行状态但无法做进一步操作，liveness探针将捕获到deadlock，重启处于该状态下的容器，使应用程序在存在bug的情况下依然能够继续运行下去（谁的程序还没几个bug呢）。</p>
|
||
<p>Kubelet使用readiness probe（就绪探针）来确定容器是否已经就绪可以接受流量。只有当Pod中的容器都处于就绪状态时kubelet才会认定该Pod处于就绪状态。该信号的作用是控制哪些Pod应该作为service的后端。如果Pod处于非就绪状态，那么它们将会被从service的load balancer中移除。</p>
|
||
<h2 id="定义-liveness命令">定义 liveness命令</h2>
|
||
<p>许多长时间运行的应用程序最终会转换到broken状态，除非重新启动，否则无法恢复。Kubernetes提供了liveness probe来检测和补救这种情况。</p>
|
||
<p>在本次练习将基于 <code>gcr.io/google_containers/busybox</code>镜像创建运行一个容器的Pod。以下是Pod的配置文件<code>exec-liveness.yaml</code>：</p>
|
||
<pre><code class="lang-Yaml"><span class="hljs-attr">apiVersion:</span> v1
|
||
<span class="hljs-attr">kind:</span> Pod
|
||
<span class="hljs-attr">metadata:</span>
|
||
<span class="hljs-attr"> labels:</span>
|
||
<span class="hljs-attr"> test:</span> liveness
|
||
<span class="hljs-attr"> name:</span> liveness-exec
|
||
<span class="hljs-attr">spec:</span>
|
||
<span class="hljs-attr"> containers:</span>
|
||
<span class="hljs-attr"> - name:</span> liveness
|
||
<span class="hljs-attr"> args:</span>
|
||
<span class="hljs-bullet"> -</span> /bin/sh
|
||
<span class="hljs-bullet"> -</span> -c
|
||
<span class="hljs-bullet"> -</span> touch /tmp/healthy; sleep <span class="hljs-number">30</span>; rm -rf /tmp/healthy; sleep <span class="hljs-number">600</span>
|
||
<span class="hljs-attr"> image:</span> gcr.io/google_containers/busybox
|
||
<span class="hljs-attr"> livenessProbe:</span>
|
||
<span class="hljs-attr"> exec:</span>
|
||
<span class="hljs-attr"> command:</span>
|
||
<span class="hljs-bullet"> -</span> cat
|
||
<span class="hljs-bullet"> -</span> /tmp/healthy
|
||
<span class="hljs-attr"> initialDelaySeconds:</span> <span class="hljs-number">5</span>
|
||
<span class="hljs-attr"> periodSeconds:</span> <span class="hljs-number">5</span>
|
||
</code></pre>
|
||
<p>该配置文件给Pod配置了一个容器。<code>periodSeconds</code> 规定kubelet要每隔5秒执行一次liveness probe。 <code>initialDelaySeconds</code> 告诉kubelet在第一次执行probe之前要的等待5秒钟。探针检测命令是在容器中执行 <code>cat /tmp/healthy</code> 命令。如果命令执行成功，将返回0，kubelet就会认为该容器是活着的并且很健康。如果返回非0值，kubelet就会杀掉这个容器并重启它。</p>
|
||
<p>容器启动时，执行该命令：</p>
|
||
<pre><code class="lang-shell">/bin/sh -c "touch /tmp/healthy; sleep 30; rm -rf /tmp/healthy; sleep 600"
|
||
</code></pre>
|
||
<p>在容器生命的最初30秒内有一个 <code>/tmp/healthy</code> 文件，在这30秒内 <code>cat /tmp/healthy</code>命令会返回一个成功的返回码。30秒后， <code>cat /tmp/healthy</code> 将返回失败的返回码。</p>
|
||
<p>创建Pod：</p>
|
||
<pre><code class="lang-shell">kubectl create -f https://k8s.io/docs/tasks/configure-pod-container/exec-liveness.yaml
|
||
</code></pre>
|
||
<p>在30秒内，查看Pod的event：</p>
|
||
<pre><code>kubectl describe pod liveness-exec
|
||
</code></pre><p>结果显示没有失败的liveness probe：</p>
|
||
<pre><code class="lang-shell">FirstSeen LastSeen Count From SubobjectPath Type Reason Message
|
||
--------- -------- ----- ---- ------------- -------- ------ -------
|
||
24s 24s 1 {default-scheduler } Normal Scheduled Successfully assigned liveness-exec to worker0
|
||
23s 23s 1 {kubelet worker0} spec.containers{liveness} Normal Pulling pulling image "gcr.io/google_containers/busybox"
|
||
23s 23s 1 {kubelet worker0} spec.containers{liveness} Normal Pulled Successfully pulled image "gcr.io/google_containers/busybox"
|
||
23s 23s 1 {kubelet worker0} spec.containers{liveness} Normal Created Created container with docker id 86849c15382e; Security:[seccomp=unconfined]
|
||
23s 23s 1 {kubelet worker0} spec.containers{liveness} Normal Started Started container with docker id 86849c15382e
|
||
</code></pre>
|
||
<p>启动35秒后，再次查看pod的event：</p>
|
||
<pre><code class="lang-shell">kubectl describe pod liveness-exec
|
||
</code></pre>
|
||
<p>在最下面有一条信息显示liveness probe失败，容器被删掉并重新创建。</p>
|
||
<pre><code class="lang-shell">FirstSeen LastSeen Count From SubobjectPath Type Reason Message
|
||
--------- -------- ----- ---- ------------- -------- ------ -------
|
||
37s 37s 1 {default-scheduler } Normal Scheduled Successfully assigned liveness-exec to worker0
|
||
36s 36s 1 {kubelet worker0} spec.containers{liveness} Normal Pulling pulling image "gcr.io/google_containers/busybox"
|
||
36s 36s 1 {kubelet worker0} spec.containers{liveness} Normal Pulled Successfully pulled image "gcr.io/google_containers/busybox"
|
||
36s 36s 1 {kubelet worker0} spec.containers{liveness} Normal Created Created container with docker id 86849c15382e; Security:[seccomp=unconfined]
|
||
36s 36s 1 {kubelet worker0} spec.containers{liveness} Normal Started Started container with docker id 86849c15382e
|
||
2s 2s 1 {kubelet worker0} spec.containers{liveness} Warning Unhealthy Liveness probe failed: cat: can't open '/tmp/healthy': No such file or directory
|
||
</code></pre>
|
||
<p>再等30秒，确认容器已经重启：</p>
|
||
<pre><code class="lang-shell">kubectl get pod liveness-exec
|
||
</code></pre>
|
||
<p>从输出结果来<code>RESTARTS</code>值加1了。</p>
|
||
<pre><code class="lang-shell">NAME READY STATUS RESTARTS AGE
|
||
liveness-exec 1/1 Running 1 1m
|
||
</code></pre>
|
||
<h2 id="定义一个liveness-http请求">定义一个liveness HTTP请求</h2>
|
||
<p>我们还可以使用HTTP GET请求作为liveness probe。下面是一个基于<code>gcr.io/google_containers/liveness</code>镜像运行了一个容器的Pod的例子<code>http-liveness.yaml</code>：</p>
|
||
<pre><code class="lang-yaml"><span class="hljs-attr">apiVersion:</span> v1
|
||
<span class="hljs-attr">kind:</span> Pod
|
||
<span class="hljs-attr">metadata:</span>
|
||
<span class="hljs-attr"> labels:</span>
|
||
<span class="hljs-attr"> test:</span> liveness
|
||
<span class="hljs-attr"> name:</span> liveness-http
|
||
<span class="hljs-attr">spec:</span>
|
||
<span class="hljs-attr"> containers:</span>
|
||
<span class="hljs-attr"> - name:</span> liveness
|
||
<span class="hljs-attr"> args:</span>
|
||
<span class="hljs-bullet"> -</span> /server
|
||
<span class="hljs-attr"> image:</span> gcr.io/google_containers/liveness
|
||
<span class="hljs-attr"> livenessProbe:</span>
|
||
<span class="hljs-attr"> httpGet:</span>
|
||
<span class="hljs-attr"> path:</span> /healthz
|
||
<span class="hljs-attr"> port:</span> <span class="hljs-number">8080</span>
|
||
<span class="hljs-attr"> httpHeaders:</span>
|
||
<span class="hljs-attr"> - name:</span> X-Custom-Header
|
||
<span class="hljs-attr"> value:</span> Awesome
|
||
<span class="hljs-attr"> initialDelaySeconds:</span> <span class="hljs-number">3</span>
|
||
<span class="hljs-attr"> periodSeconds:</span> <span class="hljs-number">3</span>
|
||
</code></pre>
|
||
<p>该配置文件只定义了一个容器，<code>livenessProbe</code> 指定kubelete需要每隔3秒执行一次liveness probe。<code>initialDelaySeconds</code> 指定kubelet在该执行第一次探测之前需要等待3秒钟。该探针将向容器中的server的8080端口发送一个HTTP GET请求。如果server的<code>/healthz</code>路径的handler返回一个成功的返回码，kubelet就会认定该容器是活着的并且很健康。如果返回失败的返回码，kubelet将杀掉该容器并重启它。</p>
|
||
<p>任何大于200小于400的返回码都会认定是成功的返回码。其他返回码都会被认为是失败的返回码。</p>
|
||
<p>查看该server的源码：<a href="http://k8s.io/docs/user-guide/liveness/image/server.go" target="_blank">server.go</a>.</p>
|
||
<p>最开始的10秒该容器是活着的， <code>/healthz</code> handler返回200的状态码。这之后将返回500的返回码。</p>
|
||
<pre><code class="lang-go">http.HandleFunc(<span class="hljs-string">"/healthz"</span>, <span class="hljs-keyword">func</span>(w http.ResponseWriter, r *http.Request) {
|
||
duration := time.Now().Sub(started)
|
||
<span class="hljs-keyword">if</span> duration.Seconds() > <span class="hljs-number">10</span> {
|
||
w.WriteHeader(<span class="hljs-number">500</span>)
|
||
w.Write([]<span class="hljs-keyword">byte</span>(fmt.Sprintf(<span class="hljs-string">"error: %v"</span>, duration.Seconds())))
|
||
} <span class="hljs-keyword">else</span> {
|
||
w.WriteHeader(<span class="hljs-number">200</span>)
|
||
w.Write([]<span class="hljs-keyword">byte</span>(<span class="hljs-string">"ok"</span>))
|
||
}
|
||
})
|
||
</code></pre>
|
||
<p>容器启动3秒后，kubelet开始执行健康检查。第一次健康监测会成功，但是10秒后，健康检查将失败，kubelet将杀掉和重启容器。</p>
|
||
<p>创建一个Pod来测试一下HTTP liveness检测：</p>
|
||
<pre><code class="lang-shell">kubectl create -f https://k8s.io/docs/tasks/configure-pod-container/http-liveness.yaml
|
||
</code></pre>
|
||
<p>After 10 seconds, view Pod events to verify that liveness probes have failed and
|
||
the Container has been restarted:</p>
|
||
<p>10秒后，查看Pod的event，确认liveness probe失败并重启了容器。</p>
|
||
<pre><code class="lang-shell">kubectl describe pod liveness-http
|
||
</code></pre>
|
||
<h2 id="定义tcp-liveness探针">定义TCP liveness探针</h2>
|
||
<p>第三种liveness probe使用TCP Socket。 使用此配置，kubelet将尝试在指定端口上打开容器的套接字。 如果可以建立连接，容器被认为是健康的，如果不能就认为是失败的。</p>
|
||
<pre><code class="lang-yaml"><span class="hljs-attr">apiVersion:</span> v1
|
||
<span class="hljs-attr">kind:</span> Pod
|
||
<span class="hljs-attr">metadata:</span>
|
||
<span class="hljs-attr"> name:</span> goproxy
|
||
<span class="hljs-attr"> labels:</span>
|
||
<span class="hljs-attr"> app:</span> goproxy
|
||
<span class="hljs-attr">spec:</span>
|
||
<span class="hljs-attr"> containers:</span>
|
||
<span class="hljs-attr"> - name:</span> goproxy
|
||
<span class="hljs-attr"> image:</span> gcr.io/google_containers/goproxy:<span class="hljs-number">0.1</span>
|
||
<span class="hljs-attr"> ports:</span>
|
||
<span class="hljs-attr"> - containerPort:</span> <span class="hljs-number">8080</span>
|
||
<span class="hljs-attr"> readinessProbe:</span>
|
||
<span class="hljs-attr"> tcpSocket:</span>
|
||
<span class="hljs-attr"> port:</span> <span class="hljs-number">8080</span>
|
||
<span class="hljs-attr"> initialDelaySeconds:</span> <span class="hljs-number">5</span>
|
||
<span class="hljs-attr"> periodSeconds:</span> <span class="hljs-number">10</span>
|
||
<span class="hljs-attr"> livenessProbe:</span>
|
||
<span class="hljs-attr"> tcpSocket:</span>
|
||
<span class="hljs-attr"> port:</span> <span class="hljs-number">8080</span>
|
||
<span class="hljs-attr"> initialDelaySeconds:</span> <span class="hljs-number">15</span>
|
||
<span class="hljs-attr"> periodSeconds:</span> <span class="hljs-number">20</span>
|
||
</code></pre>
|
||
<p>如您所见，TCP检查的配置与HTTP检查非常相似。 此示例同时使用了readiness和liveness probe。 容器启动后5秒钟，kubelet将发送第一个readiness probe。 这将尝试连接到端口8080上的goproxy容器。如果探测成功，则该pod将被标记为就绪。Kubelet将每隔10秒钟执行一次该检查。</p>
|
||
<p>除了readiness probe之外，该配置还包括liveness probe。 容器启动15秒后，kubelet将运行第一个liveness probe。 就像readiness probe一样，这将尝试连接到goproxy容器上的8080端口。如果liveness probe失败，容器将重新启动。</p>
|
||
<h2 id="使用命名的端口">使用命名的端口</h2>
|
||
<p>可以使用命名的ContainerPort作为HTTP或TCP liveness检查：</p>
|
||
<pre><code class="lang-yaml"><span class="hljs-attr">ports:</span>
|
||
<span class="hljs-attr">- name:</span> liveness-port
|
||
<span class="hljs-attr"> containerPort:</span> <span class="hljs-number">8080</span>
|
||
<span class="hljs-attr"> hostPort:</span> <span class="hljs-number">8080</span>
|
||
|
||
<span class="hljs-attr">livenessProbe:</span>
|
||
<span class="hljs-attr"> httpGet:</span>
|
||
<span class="hljs-attr"> path:</span> /healthz
|
||
<span class="hljs-attr"> port:</span> liveness-port
|
||
</code></pre>
|
||
<h2 id="定义readiness探针">定义readiness探针</h2>
|
||
<p>有时，应用程序暂时无法对外部流量提供服务。 例如，应用程序可能需要在启动期间加载大量数据或配置文件。 在这种情况下，你不想杀死应用程序，但你也不想发送请求。 Kubernetes提供了readiness probe来检测和减轻这些情况。 Pod中的容器可以报告自己还没有准备，不能处理Kubernetes服务发送过来的流量。</p>
|
||
<p>Readiness probe的配置跟liveness probe很像。唯一的不同是使用 <code>readinessProbe</code>而不是<code>livenessProbe</code>。</p>
|
||
<pre><code class="lang-yaml"><span class="hljs-attr">readinessProbe:</span>
|
||
<span class="hljs-attr"> exec:</span>
|
||
<span class="hljs-attr"> command:</span>
|
||
<span class="hljs-bullet"> -</span> cat
|
||
<span class="hljs-bullet"> -</span> /tmp/healthy
|
||
<span class="hljs-attr"> initialDelaySeconds:</span> <span class="hljs-number">5</span>
|
||
<span class="hljs-attr"> periodSeconds:</span> <span class="hljs-number">5</span>
|
||
</code></pre>
|
||
<p>Readiness probe的HTTP和TCP的探测器配置跟liveness probe一样。</p>
|
||
<p>Readiness和livenss probe可以并行用于同一容器。 使用两者可以确保流量无法到达未准备好的容器，并且容器在失败时重新启动。</p>
|
||
<h2 id="配置probe">配置Probe</h2>
|
||
<p><a href="https://kubernetes.io/docs/api-reference/v1.6/#probe-v1-core" target="_blank">Probe</a>中有很多精确和详细的配置，通过它们你能准确的控制liveness和readiness检查：</p>
|
||
<ul>
|
||
<li><code>initialDelaySeconds</code>：容器启动后第一次执行探测是需要等待多少秒。</li>
|
||
<li><code>periodSeconds</code>：执行探测的频率。默认是10秒，最小1秒。</li>
|
||
<li><code>timeoutSeconds</code>：探测超时时间。默认1秒，最小1秒。</li>
|
||
<li><code>successThreshold</code>：探测失败后，最少连续探测成功多少次才被认定为成功。默认是1。对于liveness必须是1。最小值是1。 </li>
|
||
<li><code>failureThreshold</code>：探测成功后，最少连续探测失败多少次才被认定为失败。默认是3。最小值是1。</li>
|
||
</ul>
|
||
<p><a href="https://kubernetes.io/docs/api-reference/v1.6/#httpgetaction-v1-core" target="_blank">HTTP probe</a>中可以给 <code>httpGet</code>设置其他配置项：</p>
|
||
<ul>
|
||
<li><code>host</code>：连接的主机名，默认连接到pod的IP。你可能想在http header中设置"Host"而不是使用IP。</li>
|
||
<li><code>scheme</code>：连接使用的schema，默认HTTP。</li>
|
||
<li><code>path</code>: 访问的HTTP server的path。</li>
|
||
<li><code>httpHeaders</code>：自定义请求的header。HTTP运行重复的header。</li>
|
||
<li><code>port</code>：访问的容器的端口名字或者端口号。端口号必须介于1和65525之间。</li>
|
||
</ul>
|
||
<p>对于HTTP探测器，kubelet向指定的路径和端口发送HTTP请求以执行检查。 Kubelet将probe发送到容器的IP地址，除非地址被<code>httpGet</code>中的可选<code>host</code>字段覆盖。 在大多数情况下，你不想设置主机字段。 有一种情况下你可以设置它。 假设容器在127.0.0.1上侦听，并且Pod的<code>hostNetwork</code>字段为true。 然后，在<code>httpGet</code>下的<code>host</code>应该设置为127.0.0.1。 如果你的pod依赖于虚拟主机，这可能是更常见的情况，你不应该是用<code>host</code>，而是应该在<code>httpHeaders</code>中设置<code>Host</code>头。</p>
|
||
<h2 id="参考">参考</h2>
|
||
<ul>
|
||
<li>关于 <a href="../docs/concepts/workloads/pods/pod-lifecycle#container-probes">Container Probes</a> 的更多信息 </li>
|
||
</ul>
|
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