3271 lines
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3271 lines
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<title>配置内置DNS（kube-dns） · Kubernetes Handbook - jimmysong.io</title>
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<a href="https://jimmysong.io" target="_blank" class="custom-link">Jimmy Song</a>
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<li class="chapter " data-level="1.1" data-path="../">
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<a href="../">
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<b>1.1.</b>
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序言
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</a>
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</li>
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<li class="header">云原生</li>
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<li class="chapter " data-level="2.1" data-path="../cloud-native/kubernetes-and-cloud-native-app-overview.html">
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<a href="../cloud-native/kubernetes-and-cloud-native-app-overview.html">
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<b>2.1.</b>
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Kubernetes与云原生应用概览
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</a>
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</li>
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<li class="chapter " data-level="2.2" data-path="../cloud-native/from-kubernetes-to-cloud-native.html">
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<a href="../cloud-native/from-kubernetes-to-cloud-native.html">
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<b>2.2.</b>
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||
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云原生应用之路——从Kubernetes到Cloud Native
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|
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</a>
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</li>
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<li class="header">概念与原理</li>
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<li class="chapter " data-level="3.1" data-path="../concepts/">
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<a href="../concepts/">
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<b>3.1.</b>
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Kubernetes架构
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</a>
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</li>
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<li class="chapter " data-level="3.2" data-path="../concepts/concepts.html">
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<a href="../concepts/concepts.html">
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<b>3.2.</b>
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设计理念
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</a>
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</li>
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<li class="chapter " data-level="3.3" data-path="../concepts/objects.html">
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<a href="../concepts/objects.html">
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<b>3.3.</b>
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资源对象与基本概念解析
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</a>
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<ul class="articles">
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<li class="chapter " data-level="3.3.1" data-path="../concepts/pod-overview.html">
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<a href="../concepts/pod-overview.html">
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<b>3.3.1.</b>
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Pod
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</a>
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<ul class="articles">
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<li class="chapter " data-level="3.3.1.1" data-path="../concepts/pod.html">
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<a href="../concepts/pod.html">
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<b>3.3.1.1.</b>
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||
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Pod解析
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||
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||
</a>
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</li>
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<li class="chapter " data-level="3.3.1.2" data-path="../concepts/init-containers.html">
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||
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<a href="../concepts/init-containers.html">
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||
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<b>3.3.1.2.</b>
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||
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||
Init容器
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||
|
||
</a>
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||
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||
</li>
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||
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<li class="chapter " data-level="3.3.1.3" data-path="../concepts/pod-security-policy.html">
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||
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||
<a href="../concepts/pod-security-policy.html">
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||
|
||
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||
<b>3.3.1.3.</b>
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||
|
||
Pod安全策略
|
||
|
||
</a>
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||
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||
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||
|
||
</li>
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||
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||
<li class="chapter " data-level="3.3.1.4" data-path="../concepts/pod-lifecycle.html">
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||
|
||
<a href="../concepts/pod-lifecycle.html">
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||
|
||
|
||
<b>3.3.1.4.</b>
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||
|
||
Pod的生命周期
|
||
|
||
</a>
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||
|
||
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||
|
||
</li>
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||
|
||
<li class="chapter " data-level="3.3.1.5" data-path="../concepts/pod-hook.html">
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||
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||
<a href="../concepts/pod-hook.html">
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||
|
||
|
||
<b>3.3.1.5.</b>
|
||
|
||
Pod Hook
|
||
|
||
</a>
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||
|
||
|
||
|
||
</li>
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||
|
||
<li class="chapter " data-level="3.3.1.6" data-path="../concepts/pod-preset.html">
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||
|
||
<a href="../concepts/pod-preset.html">
|
||
|
||
|
||
<b>3.3.1.6.</b>
|
||
|
||
Pod Preset
|
||
|
||
</a>
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||
|
||
|
||
|
||
</li>
|
||
|
||
|
||
</ul>
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||
|
||
</li>
|
||
|
||
<li class="chapter " data-level="3.3.2" data-path="../concepts/node.html">
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||
|
||
<a href="../concepts/node.html">
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||
|
||
|
||
<b>3.3.2.</b>
|
||
|
||
Node
|
||
|
||
</a>
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||
|
||
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||
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||
</li>
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||
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||
<li class="chapter " data-level="3.3.3" data-path="../concepts/namespace.html">
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||
|
||
<a href="../concepts/namespace.html">
|
||
|
||
|
||
<b>3.3.3.</b>
|
||
|
||
Namespace
|
||
|
||
</a>
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||
|
||
|
||
|
||
</li>
|
||
|
||
<li class="chapter " data-level="3.3.4" data-path="../concepts/service.html">
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||
|
||
<a href="../concepts/service.html">
|
||
|
||
|
||
<b>3.3.4.</b>
|
||
|
||
Service
|
||
|
||
</a>
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||
|
||
|
||
|
||
</li>
|
||
|
||
<li class="chapter " data-level="3.3.5" data-path="../concepts/volume.html">
|
||
|
||
<a href="../concepts/volume.html">
|
||
|
||
|
||
<b>3.3.5.</b>
|
||
|
||
Volume和Persistent Volume
|
||
|
||
</a>
|
||
|
||
|
||
|
||
<ul class="articles">
|
||
|
||
|
||
<li class="chapter " data-level="3.3.5.1" data-path="../concepts/persistent-volume.html">
|
||
|
||
<a href="../concepts/persistent-volume.html">
|
||
|
||
|
||
<b>3.3.5.1.</b>
|
||
|
||
Persistent Volume（持久化卷）
|
||
|
||
</a>
|
||
|
||
|
||
|
||
</li>
|
||
|
||
|
||
</ul>
|
||
|
||
</li>
|
||
|
||
<li class="chapter " data-level="3.3.6" data-path="../concepts/deployment.html">
|
||
|
||
<a href="../concepts/deployment.html">
|
||
|
||
|
||
<b>3.3.6.</b>
|
||
|
||
Deployment
|
||
|
||
</a>
|
||
|
||
|
||
|
||
</li>
|
||
|
||
<li class="chapter " data-level="3.3.7" data-path="../concepts/secret.html">
|
||
|
||
<a href="../concepts/secret.html">
|
||
|
||
|
||
<b>3.3.7.</b>
|
||
|
||
Secret
|
||
|
||
</a>
|
||
|
||
|
||
|
||
</li>
|
||
|
||
<li class="chapter " data-level="3.3.8" data-path="../concepts/statefulset.html">
|
||
|
||
<a href="../concepts/statefulset.html">
|
||
|
||
|
||
<b>3.3.8.</b>
|
||
|
||
StatefulSet
|
||
|
||
</a>
|
||
|
||
|
||
|
||
</li>
|
||
|
||
<li class="chapter " data-level="3.3.9" data-path="../concepts/daemonset.html">
|
||
|
||
<a href="../concepts/daemonset.html">
|
||
|
||
|
||
<b>3.3.9.</b>
|
||
|
||
DaemonSet
|
||
|
||
</a>
|
||
|
||
|
||
|
||
</li>
|
||
|
||
<li class="chapter " data-level="3.3.10" data-path="../concepts/serviceaccount.html">
|
||
|
||
<a href="../concepts/serviceaccount.html">
|
||
|
||
|
||
<b>3.3.10.</b>
|
||
|
||
ServiceAccount
|
||
|
||
</a>
|
||
|
||
|
||
|
||
</li>
|
||
|
||
<li class="chapter " data-level="3.3.11" data-path="../concepts/replicaset.html">
|
||
|
||
<a href="../concepts/replicaset.html">
|
||
|
||
|
||
<b>3.3.11.</b>
|
||
|
||
ReplicationController和ReplicaSet
|
||
|
||
</a>
|
||
|
||
|
||
|
||
</li>
|
||
|
||
<li class="chapter " data-level="3.3.12" data-path="../concepts/job.html">
|
||
|
||
<a href="../concepts/job.html">
|
||
|
||
|
||
<b>3.3.12.</b>
|
||
|
||
Job
|
||
|
||
</a>
|
||
|
||
|
||
|
||
</li>
|
||
|
||
<li class="chapter " data-level="3.3.13" data-path="../concepts/cronjob.html">
|
||
|
||
<a href="../concepts/cronjob.html">
|
||
|
||
|
||
<b>3.3.13.</b>
|
||
|
||
CronJob
|
||
|
||
</a>
|
||
|
||
|
||
|
||
</li>
|
||
|
||
<li class="chapter " data-level="3.3.14" data-path="../concepts/ingress.html">
|
||
|
||
<a href="../concepts/ingress.html">
|
||
|
||
|
||
<b>3.3.14.</b>
|
||
|
||
Ingress
|
||
|
||
</a>
|
||
|
||
|
||
|
||
<ul class="articles">
|
||
|
||
|
||
<li class="chapter " data-level="3.3.14.1" data-path="../concepts/traefik-ingress-controller.html">
|
||
|
||
<a href="../concepts/traefik-ingress-controller.html">
|
||
|
||
|
||
<b>3.3.14.1.</b>
|
||
|
||
Traefik Ingress Controller
|
||
|
||
</a>
|
||
|
||
|
||
|
||
</li>
|
||
|
||
|
||
</ul>
|
||
|
||
</li>
|
||
|
||
<li class="chapter " data-level="3.3.15" data-path="../concepts/configmap.html">
|
||
|
||
<a href="../concepts/configmap.html">
|
||
|
||
|
||
<b>3.3.15.</b>
|
||
|
||
ConfigMap
|
||
|
||
</a>
|
||
|
||
|
||
|
||
<ul class="articles">
|
||
|
||
|
||
<li class="chapter " data-level="3.3.15.1" data-path="../concepts/configmap-hot-update.html">
|
||
|
||
<a href="../concepts/configmap-hot-update.html">
|
||
|
||
|
||
<b>3.3.15.1.</b>
|
||
|
||
ConfigMap的热更新
|
||
|
||
</a>
|
||
|
||
|
||
|
||
</li>
|
||
|
||
|
||
</ul>
|
||
|
||
</li>
|
||
|
||
<li class="chapter " data-level="3.3.16" data-path="../concepts/horizontal-pod-autoscaling.html">
|
||
|
||
<a href="../concepts/horizontal-pod-autoscaling.html">
|
||
|
||
|
||
<b>3.3.16.</b>
|
||
|
||
Horizontal Pod Autoscaling
|
||
|
||
</a>
|
||
|
||
|
||
|
||
<ul class="articles">
|
||
|
||
|
||
<li class="chapter " data-level="3.3.16.1" data-path="../concepts/custom-metrics-hpa.html">
|
||
|
||
<a href="../concepts/custom-metrics-hpa.html">
|
||
|
||
|
||
<b>3.3.16.1.</b>
|
||
|
||
自定义指标HPA
|
||
|
||
</a>
|
||
|
||
|
||
|
||
</li>
|
||
|
||
|
||
</ul>
|
||
|
||
</li>
|
||
|
||
<li class="chapter " data-level="3.3.17" data-path="../concepts/label.html">
|
||
|
||
<a href="../concepts/label.html">
|
||
|
||
|
||
<b>3.3.17.</b>
|
||
|
||
Label
|
||
|
||
</a>
|
||
|
||
|
||
|
||
</li>
|
||
|
||
<li class="chapter " data-level="3.3.18" data-path="../concepts/garbage-collection.html">
|
||
|
||
<a href="../concepts/garbage-collection.html">
|
||
|
||
|
||
<b>3.3.18.</b>
|
||
|
||
垃圾收集
|
||
|
||
</a>
|
||
|
||
|
||
|
||
</li>
|
||
|
||
<li class="chapter " data-level="3.3.19" data-path="../concepts/network-policy.html">
|
||
|
||
<a href="../concepts/network-policy.html">
|
||
|
||
|
||
<b>3.3.19.</b>
|
||
|
||
NetworkPolicy
|
||
|
||
</a>
|
||
|
||
|
||
|
||
</li>
|
||
|
||
<li class="chapter " data-level="3.3.20" data-path="../concepts/annotation.html">
|
||
|
||
<a href="../concepts/annotation.html">
|
||
|
||
|
||
<b>3.3.20.</b>
|
||
|
||
Annotation
|
||
|
||
</a>
|
||
|
||
|
||
|
||
</li>
|
||
|
||
<li class="chapter " data-level="3.3.21" data-path="../concepts/aggregated-api-server.html">
|
||
|
||
<a href="../concepts/aggregated-api-server.html">
|
||
|
||
|
||
<b>3.3.21.</b>
|
||
|
||
Aggregated API Server
|
||
|
||
</a>
|
||
|
||
|
||
|
||
</li>
|
||
|
||
<li class="chapter " data-level="3.3.22" data-path="../concepts/custom-resource.html">
|
||
|
||
<a href="../concepts/custom-resource.html">
|
||
|
||
|
||
<b>3.3.22.</b>
|
||
|
||
使用自定义资源扩展API
|
||
|
||
</a>
|
||
|
||
|
||
|
||
</li>
|
||
|
||
<li class="chapter " data-level="3.3.23" data-path="../concepts/apiservice.html">
|
||
|
||
<a href="../concepts/apiservice.html">
|
||
|
||
|
||
<b>3.3.23.</b>
|
||
|
||
APIService
|
||
|
||
</a>
|
||
|
||
|
||
|
||
</li>
|
||
|
||
<li class="chapter " data-level="3.3.24" data-path="../concepts/taint-and-toleration.html">
|
||
|
||
<a href="../concepts/taint-and-toleration.html">
|
||
|
||
|
||
<b>3.3.24.</b>
|
||
|
||
Taint和Toleration（污点和容忍）
|
||
|
||
</a>
|
||
|
||
|
||
|
||
</li>
|
||
|
||
|
||
</ul>
|
||
|
||
</li>
|
||
|
||
|
||
|
||
|
||
<li class="header">用户指南</li>
|
||
|
||
|
||
|
||
<li class="chapter " data-level="4.1" data-path="../guide/">
|
||
|
||
<a href="../guide/">
|
||
|
||
|
||
<b>4.1.</b>
|
||
|
||
用户指南
|
||
|
||
</a>
|
||
|
||
|
||
|
||
</li>
|
||
|
||
<li class="chapter " data-level="4.2" data-path="../guide/resource-configuration.html">
|
||
|
||
<a href="../guide/resource-configuration.html">
|
||
|
||
|
||
<b>4.2.</b>
|
||
|
||
资源对象配置
|
||
|
||
</a>
|
||
|
||
|
||
|
||
<ul class="articles">
|
||
|
||
|
||
<li class="chapter " data-level="4.2.1" data-path="../guide/configure-liveness-readiness-probes.html">
|
||
|
||
<a href="../guide/configure-liveness-readiness-probes.html">
|
||
|
||
|
||
<b>4.2.1.</b>
|
||
|
||
配置Pod的liveness和readiness探针
|
||
|
||
</a>
|
||
|
||
|
||
|
||
</li>
|
||
|
||
<li class="chapter " data-level="4.2.2" data-path="../guide/configure-pod-service-account.html">
|
||
|
||
<a href="../guide/configure-pod-service-account.html">
|
||
|
||
|
||
<b>4.2.2.</b>
|
||
|
||
配置Pod的Service Account
|
||
|
||
</a>
|
||
|
||
|
||
|
||
</li>
|
||
|
||
<li class="chapter " data-level="4.2.3" data-path="../guide/secret-configuration.html">
|
||
|
||
<a href="../guide/secret-configuration.html">
|
||
|
||
|
||
<b>4.2.3.</b>
|
||
|
||
Secret配置
|
||
|
||
</a>
|
||
|
||
|
||
|
||
</li>
|
||
|
||
<li class="chapter " data-level="4.2.4" data-path="../guide/resource-quota-management.html">
|
||
|
||
<a href="../guide/resource-quota-management.html">
|
||
|
||
|
||
<b>4.2.4.</b>
|
||
|
||
管理namespace中的资源配额
|
||
|
||
</a>
|
||
|
||
|
||
|
||
</li>
|
||
|
||
|
||
</ul>
|
||
|
||
</li>
|
||
|
||
<li class="chapter " data-level="4.3" data-path="../guide/command-usage.html">
|
||
|
||
<a href="../guide/command-usage.html">
|
||
|
||
|
||
<b>4.3.</b>
|
||
|
||
命令使用
|
||
|
||
</a>
|
||
|
||
|
||
|
||
<ul class="articles">
|
||
|
||
|
||
<li class="chapter " data-level="4.3.1" data-path="../guide/docker-cli-to-kubectl.html">
|
||
|
||
<a href="../guide/docker-cli-to-kubectl.html">
|
||
|
||
|
||
<b>4.3.1.</b>
|
||
|
||
docker用户过度到kubectl命令行指南
|
||
|
||
</a>
|
||
|
||
|
||
|
||
</li>
|
||
|
||
<li class="chapter " data-level="4.3.2" data-path="../guide/using-kubectl.html">
|
||
|
||
<a href="../guide/using-kubectl.html">
|
||
|
||
|
||
<b>4.3.2.</b>
|
||
|
||
kubectl命令概览
|
||
|
||
</a>
|
||
|
||
|
||
|
||
</li>
|
||
|
||
<li class="chapter " data-level="4.3.3" data-path="../guide/kubectl-cheatsheet.html">
|
||
|
||
<a href="../guide/kubectl-cheatsheet.html">
|
||
|
||
|
||
<b>4.3.3.</b>
|
||
|
||
kubectl命令技巧大全
|
||
|
||
</a>
|
||
|
||
|
||
|
||
</li>
|
||
|
||
<li class="chapter " data-level="4.3.4" data-path="../guide/using-etcdctl-to-access-kubernetes-data.html">
|
||
|
||
<a href="../guide/using-etcdctl-to-access-kubernetes-data.html">
|
||
|
||
|
||
<b>4.3.4.</b>
|
||
|
||
使用etcdctl访问kubernetes数据
|
||
|
||
</a>
|
||
|
||
|
||
|
||
</li>
|
||
|
||
|
||
</ul>
|
||
|
||
</li>
|
||
|
||
<li class="chapter " data-level="4.4" data-path="../guide/cluster-security-management.html">
|
||
|
||
<a href="../guide/cluster-security-management.html">
|
||
|
||
|
||
<b>4.4.</b>
|
||
|
||
集群安全性管理
|
||
|
||
</a>
|
||
|
||
|
||
|
||
<ul class="articles">
|
||
|
||
|
||
<li class="chapter " data-level="4.4.1" data-path="../guide/managing-tls-in-a-cluster.html">
|
||
|
||
<a href="../guide/managing-tls-in-a-cluster.html">
|
||
|
||
|
||
<b>4.4.1.</b>
|
||
|
||
管理集群中的TLS
|
||
|
||
</a>
|
||
|
||
|
||
|
||
</li>
|
||
|
||
<li class="chapter " data-level="4.4.2" data-path="../guide/kubelet-authentication-authorization.html">
|
||
|
||
<a href="../guide/kubelet-authentication-authorization.html">
|
||
|
||
|
||
<b>4.4.2.</b>
|
||
|
||
kubelet的认证授权
|
||
|
||
</a>
|
||
|
||
|
||
|
||
</li>
|
||
|
||
<li class="chapter " data-level="4.4.3" data-path="../guide/tls-bootstrapping.html">
|
||
|
||
<a href="../guide/tls-bootstrapping.html">
|
||
|
||
|
||
<b>4.4.3.</b>
|
||
|
||
TLS bootstrap
|
||
|
||
</a>
|
||
|
||
|
||
|
||
</li>
|
||
|
||
<li class="chapter " data-level="4.4.4" data-path="../guide/kubectl-user-authentication-authorization.html">
|
||
|
||
<a href="../guide/kubectl-user-authentication-authorization.html">
|
||
|
||
|
||
<b>4.4.4.</b>
|
||
|
||
创建用户认证授权的kubeconfig文件
|
||
|
||
</a>
|
||
|
||
|
||
|
||
</li>
|
||
|
||
<li class="chapter " data-level="4.4.5" data-path="../guide/rbac.html">
|
||
|
||
<a href="../guide/rbac.html">
|
||
|
||
|
||
<b>4.4.5.</b>
|
||
|
||
RBAC——基于角色的访问控制
|
||
|
||
</a>
|
||
|
||
|
||
|
||
</li>
|
||
|
||
<li class="chapter " data-level="4.4.6" data-path="../guide/ip-masq-agent.html">
|
||
|
||
<a href="../guide/ip-masq-agent.html">
|
||
|
||
|
||
<b>4.4.6.</b>
|
||
|
||
IP伪装代理
|
||
|
||
</a>
|
||
|
||
|
||
|
||
</li>
|
||
|
||
<li class="chapter " data-level="4.4.7" data-path="../guide/auth-with-kubeconfig-or-token.html">
|
||
|
||
<a href="../guide/auth-with-kubeconfig-or-token.html">
|
||
|
||
|
||
<b>4.4.7.</b>
|
||
|
||
使用kubeconfig或token进行用户身份认证
|
||
|
||
</a>
|
||
|
||
|
||
|
||
</li>
|
||
|
||
<li class="chapter " data-level="4.4.8" data-path="../guide/authentication.html">
|
||
|
||
<a href="../guide/authentication.html">
|
||
|
||
|
||
<b>4.4.8.</b>
|
||
|
||
Kubernetes中的用户与身份认证授权
|
||
|
||
</a>
|
||
|
||
|
||
|
||
</li>
|
||
|
||
|
||
</ul>
|
||
|
||
</li>
|
||
|
||
<li class="chapter " data-level="4.5" data-path="../guide/access-kubernetes-cluster.html">
|
||
|
||
<a href="../guide/access-kubernetes-cluster.html">
|
||
|
||
|
||
<b>4.5.</b>
|
||
|
||
访问Kubernetes集群
|
||
|
||
</a>
|
||
|
||
|
||
|
||
<ul class="articles">
|
||
|
||
|
||
<li class="chapter " data-level="4.5.1" data-path="../guide/access-cluster.html">
|
||
|
||
<a href="../guide/access-cluster.html">
|
||
|
||
|
||
<b>4.5.1.</b>
|
||
|
||
访问集群
|
||
|
||
</a>
|
||
|
||
|
||
|
||
</li>
|
||
|
||
<li class="chapter " data-level="4.5.2" data-path="../guide/authenticate-across-clusters-kubeconfig.html">
|
||
|
||
<a href="../guide/authenticate-across-clusters-kubeconfig.html">
|
||
|
||
|
||
<b>4.5.2.</b>
|
||
|
||
使用kubeconfig文件配置跨集群认证
|
||
|
||
</a>
|
||
|
||
|
||
|
||
</li>
|
||
|
||
<li class="chapter " data-level="4.5.3" data-path="../guide/connecting-to-applications-port-forward.html">
|
||
|
||
<a href="../guide/connecting-to-applications-port-forward.html">
|
||
|
||
|
||
<b>4.5.3.</b>
|
||
|
||
通过端口转发访问集群中的应用程序
|
||
|
||
</a>
|
||
|
||
|
||
|
||
</li>
|
||
|
||
<li class="chapter " data-level="4.5.4" data-path="../guide/service-access-application-cluster.html">
|
||
|
||
<a href="../guide/service-access-application-cluster.html">
|
||
|
||
|
||
<b>4.5.4.</b>
|
||
|
||
使用service访问群集中的应用程序
|
||
|
||
</a>
|
||
|
||
|
||
|
||
</li>
|
||
|
||
<li class="chapter " data-level="4.5.5" data-path="../guide/accessing-kubernetes-pods-from-outside-of-the-cluster.html">
|
||
|
||
<a href="../guide/accessing-kubernetes-pods-from-outside-of-the-cluster.html">
|
||
|
||
|
||
<b>4.5.5.</b>
|
||
|
||
从外部访问Kubernetes中的Pod
|
||
|
||
</a>
|
||
|
||
|
||
|
||
</li>
|
||
|
||
<li class="chapter " data-level="4.5.6" data-path="../guide/cabin-mobile-dashboard-for-kubernetes.html">
|
||
|
||
<a href="../guide/cabin-mobile-dashboard-for-kubernetes.html">
|
||
|
||
|
||
<b>4.5.6.</b>
|
||
|
||
Cabin - Kubernetes手机客户端
|
||
|
||
</a>
|
||
|
||
|
||
|
||
</li>
|
||
|
||
<li class="chapter " data-level="4.5.7" data-path="../guide/kubernetes-desktop-client.html">
|
||
|
||
<a href="../guide/kubernetes-desktop-client.html">
|
||
|
||
|
||
<b>4.5.7.</b>
|
||
|
||
Kubernetic - Kubernetes桌面客户端
|
||
|
||
</a>
|
||
|
||
|
||
|
||
</li>
|
||
|
||
<li class="chapter " data-level="4.5.8" data-path="../guide/kubernator-kubernetes-ui.html">
|
||
|
||
<a href="../guide/kubernator-kubernetes-ui.html">
|
||
|
||
|
||
<b>4.5.8.</b>
|
||
|
||
Kubernator - 更底层的Kubernetes UI
|
||
|
||
</a>
|
||
|
||
|
||
|
||
</li>
|
||
|
||
|
||
</ul>
|
||
|
||
</li>
|
||
|
||
<li class="chapter " data-level="4.6" data-path="../guide/application-development-deployment-flow.html">
|
||
|
||
<a href="../guide/application-development-deployment-flow.html">
|
||
|
||
|
||
<b>4.6.</b>
|
||
|
||
在Kubernetes中开发部署应用
|
||
|
||
</a>
|
||
|
||
|
||
|
||
<ul class="articles">
|
||
|
||
|
||
<li class="chapter " data-level="4.6.1" data-path="../guide/deploy-applications-in-kubernetes.html">
|
||
|
||
<a href="../guide/deploy-applications-in-kubernetes.html">
|
||
|
||
|
||
<b>4.6.1.</b>
|
||
|
||
适用于kubernetes的应用开发部署流程
|
||
|
||
</a>
|
||
|
||
|
||
|
||
</li>
|
||
|
||
<li class="chapter " data-level="4.6.2" data-path="../guide/migrating-hadoop-yarn-to-kubernetes.html">
|
||
|
||
<a href="../guide/migrating-hadoop-yarn-to-kubernetes.html">
|
||
|
||
|
||
<b>4.6.2.</b>
|
||
|
||
迁移传统应用到Kubernetes中——以Hadoop YARN为例
|
||
|
||
</a>
|
||
|
||
|
||
|
||
</li>
|
||
|
||
<li class="chapter " data-level="4.6.3" data-path="../guide/using-statefulset.html">
|
||
|
||
<a href="../guide/using-statefulset.html">
|
||
|
||
|
||
<b>4.6.3.</b>
|
||
|
||
使用StatefulSet部署用状态应用
|
||
|
||
</a>
|
||
|
||
|
||
|
||
</li>
|
||
|
||
|
||
</ul>
|
||
|
||
</li>
|
||
|
||
|
||
|
||
|
||
<li class="header">最佳实践</li>
|
||
|
||
|
||
|
||
<li class="chapter " data-level="5.1" data-path="./">
|
||
|
||
<a href="./">
|
||
|
||
|
||
<b>5.1.</b>
|
||
|
||
最佳实践概览
|
||
|
||
</a>
|
||
|
||
|
||
|
||
</li>
|
||
|
||
<li class="chapter " data-level="5.2" data-path="install-kubernetes-on-centos.html">
|
||
|
||
<a href="install-kubernetes-on-centos.html">
|
||
|
||
|
||
<b>5.2.</b>
|
||
|
||
在CentOS上部署Kubernetes集群
|
||
|
||
</a>
|
||
|
||
|
||
|
||
<ul class="articles">
|
||
|
||
|
||
<li class="chapter " data-level="5.2.1" data-path="create-tls-and-secret-key.html">
|
||
|
||
<a href="create-tls-and-secret-key.html">
|
||
|
||
|
||
<b>5.2.1.</b>
|
||
|
||
创建TLS证书和秘钥
|
||
|
||
</a>
|
||
|
||
|
||
|
||
</li>
|
||
|
||
<li class="chapter " data-level="5.2.2" data-path="create-kubeconfig.html">
|
||
|
||
<a href="create-kubeconfig.html">
|
||
|
||
|
||
<b>5.2.2.</b>
|
||
|
||
创建kubeconfig文件
|
||
|
||
</a>
|
||
|
||
|
||
|
||
</li>
|
||
|
||
<li class="chapter " data-level="5.2.3" data-path="etcd-cluster-installation.html">
|
||
|
||
<a href="etcd-cluster-installation.html">
|
||
|
||
|
||
<b>5.2.3.</b>
|
||
|
||
创建高可用etcd集群
|
||
|
||
</a>
|
||
|
||
|
||
|
||
</li>
|
||
|
||
<li class="chapter " data-level="5.2.4" data-path="kubectl-installation.html">
|
||
|
||
<a href="kubectl-installation.html">
|
||
|
||
|
||
<b>5.2.4.</b>
|
||
|
||
安装kubectl命令行工具
|
||
|
||
</a>
|
||
|
||
|
||
|
||
</li>
|
||
|
||
<li class="chapter " data-level="5.2.5" data-path="master-installation.html">
|
||
|
||
<a href="master-installation.html">
|
||
|
||
|
||
<b>5.2.5.</b>
|
||
|
||
部署master节点
|
||
|
||
</a>
|
||
|
||
|
||
|
||
</li>
|
||
|
||
<li class="chapter " data-level="5.2.6" data-path="flannel-installation.html">
|
||
|
||
<a href="flannel-installation.html">
|
||
|
||
|
||
<b>5.2.6.</b>
|
||
|
||
安装flannel网络插件
|
||
|
||
</a>
|
||
|
||
|
||
|
||
</li>
|
||
|
||
<li class="chapter " data-level="5.2.7" data-path="node-installation.html">
|
||
|
||
<a href="node-installation.html">
|
||
|
||
|
||
<b>5.2.7.</b>
|
||
|
||
部署node节点
|
||
|
||
</a>
|
||
|
||
|
||
|
||
</li>
|
||
|
||
<li class="chapter " data-level="5.2.8" data-path="kubedns-addon-installation.html">
|
||
|
||
<a href="kubedns-addon-installation.html">
|
||
|
||
|
||
<b>5.2.8.</b>
|
||
|
||
安装kubedns插件
|
||
|
||
</a>
|
||
|
||
|
||
|
||
</li>
|
||
|
||
<li class="chapter " data-level="5.2.9" data-path="dashboard-addon-installation.html">
|
||
|
||
<a href="dashboard-addon-installation.html">
|
||
|
||
|
||
<b>5.2.9.</b>
|
||
|
||
安装dashboard插件
|
||
|
||
</a>
|
||
|
||
|
||
|
||
</li>
|
||
|
||
<li class="chapter " data-level="5.2.10" data-path="heapster-addon-installation.html">
|
||
|
||
<a href="heapster-addon-installation.html">
|
||
|
||
|
||
<b>5.2.10.</b>
|
||
|
||
安装heapster插件
|
||
|
||
</a>
|
||
|
||
|
||
|
||
</li>
|
||
|
||
<li class="chapter " data-level="5.2.11" data-path="efk-addon-installation.html">
|
||
|
||
<a href="efk-addon-installation.html">
|
||
|
||
|
||
<b>5.2.11.</b>
|
||
|
||
安装EFK插件
|
||
|
||
</a>
|
||
|
||
|
||
|
||
</li>
|
||
|
||
|
||
</ul>
|
||
|
||
</li>
|
||
|
||
<li class="chapter " data-level="5.3" data-path="service-discovery-and-loadbalancing.html">
|
||
|
||
<a href="service-discovery-and-loadbalancing.html">
|
||
|
||
|
||
<b>5.3.</b>
|
||
|
||
服务发现与负载均衡
|
||
|
||
</a>
|
||
|
||
|
||
|
||
<ul class="articles">
|
||
|
||
|
||
<li class="chapter " data-level="5.3.1" data-path="traefik-ingress-installation.html">
|
||
|
||
<a href="traefik-ingress-installation.html">
|
||
|
||
|
||
<b>5.3.1.</b>
|
||
|
||
安装Traefik ingress
|
||
|
||
</a>
|
||
|
||
|
||
|
||
</li>
|
||
|
||
<li class="chapter " data-level="5.3.2" data-path="distributed-load-test.html">
|
||
|
||
<a href="distributed-load-test.html">
|
||
|
||
|
||
<b>5.3.2.</b>
|
||
|
||
分布式负载测试
|
||
|
||
</a>
|
||
|
||
|
||
|
||
</li>
|
||
|
||
<li class="chapter " data-level="5.3.3" data-path="network-and-cluster-perfermance-test.html">
|
||
|
||
<a href="network-and-cluster-perfermance-test.html">
|
||
|
||
|
||
<b>5.3.3.</b>
|
||
|
||
网络和集群性能测试
|
||
|
||
</a>
|
||
|
||
|
||
|
||
</li>
|
||
|
||
<li class="chapter " data-level="5.3.4" data-path="edge-node-configuration.html">
|
||
|
||
<a href="edge-node-configuration.html">
|
||
|
||
|
||
<b>5.3.4.</b>
|
||
|
||
边缘节点配置
|
||
|
||
</a>
|
||
|
||
|
||
|
||
</li>
|
||
|
||
<li class="chapter " data-level="5.3.5" data-path="nginx-ingress-installation.html">
|
||
|
||
<a href="nginx-ingress-installation.html">
|
||
|
||
|
||
<b>5.3.5.</b>
|
||
|
||
安装Nginx ingress
|
||
|
||
</a>
|
||
|
||
|
||
|
||
</li>
|
||
|
||
<li class="chapter active" data-level="5.3.6" data-path="configuring-dns.html">
|
||
|
||
<a href="configuring-dns.html">
|
||
|
||
|
||
<b>5.3.6.</b>
|
||
|
||
配置内置DNS（kube-dns）
|
||
|
||
</a>
|
||
|
||
|
||
|
||
</li>
|
||
|
||
|
||
</ul>
|
||
|
||
</li>
|
||
|
||
<li class="chapter " data-level="5.4" data-path="operation.html">
|
||
|
||
<a href="operation.html">
|
||
|
||
|
||
<b>5.4.</b>
|
||
|
||
运维管理
|
||
|
||
</a>
|
||
|
||
|
||
|
||
<ul class="articles">
|
||
|
||
|
||
<li class="chapter " data-level="5.4.1" data-path="service-rolling-update.html">
|
||
|
||
<a href="service-rolling-update.html">
|
||
|
||
|
||
<b>5.4.1.</b>
|
||
|
||
服务滚动升级
|
||
|
||
</a>
|
||
|
||
|
||
|
||
</li>
|
||
|
||
<li class="chapter " data-level="5.4.2" data-path="app-log-collection.html">
|
||
|
||
<a href="app-log-collection.html">
|
||
|
||
|
||
<b>5.4.2.</b>
|
||
|
||
应用日志收集
|
||
|
||
</a>
|
||
|
||
|
||
|
||
</li>
|
||
|
||
<li class="chapter " data-level="5.4.3" data-path="configuration-best-practice.html">
|
||
|
||
<a href="configuration-best-practice.html">
|
||
|
||
|
||
<b>5.4.3.</b>
|
||
|
||
配置最佳实践
|
||
|
||
</a>
|
||
|
||
|
||
|
||
</li>
|
||
|
||
<li class="chapter " data-level="5.4.4" data-path="monitor.html">
|
||
|
||
<a href="monitor.html">
|
||
|
||
|
||
<b>5.4.4.</b>
|
||
|
||
集群及应用监控
|
||
|
||
</a>
|
||
|
||
|
||
|
||
</li>
|
||
|
||
<li class="chapter " data-level="5.4.5" data-path="data-persistence-problem.html">
|
||
|
||
<a href="data-persistence-problem.html">
|
||
|
||
|
||
<b>5.4.5.</b>
|
||
|
||
数据持久化问题
|
||
|
||
</a>
|
||
|
||
|
||
|
||
</li>
|
||
|
||
<li class="chapter " data-level="5.4.6" data-path="manage-compute-resources-container.html">
|
||
|
||
<a href="manage-compute-resources-container.html">
|
||
|
||
|
||
<b>5.4.6.</b>
|
||
|
||
管理容器的计算资源
|
||
|
||
</a>
|
||
|
||
|
||
|
||
</li>
|
||
|
||
|
||
</ul>
|
||
|
||
</li>
|
||
|
||
<li class="chapter " data-level="5.5" data-path="storage.html">
|
||
|
||
<a href="storage.html">
|
||
|
||
|
||
<b>5.5.</b>
|
||
|
||
存储管理
|
||
|
||
</a>
|
||
|
||
|
||
|
||
<ul class="articles">
|
||
|
||
|
||
<li class="chapter " data-level="5.5.1" data-path="glusterfs.html">
|
||
|
||
<a href="glusterfs.html">
|
||
|
||
|
||
<b>5.5.1.</b>
|
||
|
||
GlusterFS
|
||
|
||
</a>
|
||
|
||
|
||
|
||
<ul class="articles">
|
||
|
||
|
||
<li class="chapter " data-level="5.5.1.1" data-path="using-glusterfs-for-persistent-storage.html">
|
||
|
||
<a href="using-glusterfs-for-persistent-storage.html">
|
||
|
||
|
||
<b>5.5.1.1.</b>
|
||
|
||
使用GlusterFS做持久化存储
|
||
|
||
</a>
|
||
|
||
|
||
|
||
</li>
|
||
|
||
<li class="chapter " data-level="5.5.1.2" data-path="storage-for-containers-using-glusterfs-with-openshift.html">
|
||
|
||
<a href="storage-for-containers-using-glusterfs-with-openshift.html">
|
||
|
||
|
||
<b>5.5.1.2.</b>
|
||
|
||
在OpenShift中使用GlusterFS做持久化存储
|
||
|
||
</a>
|
||
|
||
|
||
|
||
</li>
|
||
|
||
|
||
</ul>
|
||
|
||
</li>
|
||
|
||
<li class="chapter " data-level="5.5.2" data-path="cephfs.html">
|
||
|
||
<a href="cephfs.html">
|
||
|
||
|
||
<b>5.5.2.</b>
|
||
|
||
CephFS
|
||
|
||
</a>
|
||
|
||
|
||
|
||
<ul class="articles">
|
||
|
||
|
||
<li class="chapter " data-level="5.5.2.1" data-path="using-ceph-for-persistent-storage.html">
|
||
|
||
<a href="using-ceph-for-persistent-storage.html">
|
||
|
||
|
||
<b>5.5.2.1.</b>
|
||
|
||
使用Ceph做持久化存储
|
||
|
||
</a>
|
||
|
||
|
||
|
||
</li>
|
||
|
||
|
||
</ul>
|
||
|
||
</li>
|
||
|
||
<li class="chapter " data-level="5.5.3" data-path="openebs.html">
|
||
|
||
<a href="openebs.html">
|
||
|
||
|
||
<b>5.5.3.</b>
|
||
|
||
OpenEBS
|
||
|
||
</a>
|
||
|
||
|
||
|
||
<ul class="articles">
|
||
|
||
|
||
<li class="chapter " data-level="5.5.3.1" data-path="using-openebs-for-persistent-storage.html">
|
||
|
||
<a href="using-openebs-for-persistent-storage.html">
|
||
|
||
|
||
<b>5.5.3.1.</b>
|
||
|
||
使用OpenEBS做持久化存储
|
||
|
||
</a>
|
||
|
||
|
||
|
||
</li>
|
||
|
||
|
||
</ul>
|
||
|
||
</li>
|
||
|
||
|
||
</ul>
|
||
|
||
</li>
|
||
|
||
<li class="chapter " data-level="5.6" data-path="monitoring.html">
|
||
|
||
<a href="monitoring.html">
|
||
|
||
|
||
<b>5.6.</b>
|
||
|
||
集群与应用监控
|
||
|
||
</a>
|
||
|
||
|
||
|
||
<ul class="articles">
|
||
|
||
|
||
<li class="chapter " data-level="5.6.1" data-path="heapster.html">
|
||
|
||
<a href="heapster.html">
|
||
|
||
|
||
<b>5.6.1.</b>
|
||
|
||
Heapster
|
||
|
||
</a>
|
||
|
||
|
||
|
||
<ul class="articles">
|
||
|
||
|
||
<li class="chapter " data-level="5.6.1.1" data-path="using-heapster-to-get-object-metrics.html">
|
||
|
||
<a href="using-heapster-to-get-object-metrics.html">
|
||
|
||
|
||
<b>5.6.1.1.</b>
|
||
|
||
使用Heapster获取集群和对象的metric数据
|
||
|
||
</a>
|
||
|
||
|
||
|
||
</li>
|
||
|
||
|
||
</ul>
|
||
|
||
</li>
|
||
|
||
<li class="chapter " data-level="5.6.2" data-path="prometheus.html">
|
||
|
||
<a href="prometheus.html">
|
||
|
||
|
||
<b>5.6.2.</b>
|
||
|
||
Prometheus
|
||
|
||
</a>
|
||
|
||
|
||
|
||
<ul class="articles">
|
||
|
||
|
||
<li class="chapter " data-level="5.6.2.1" data-path="using-prometheus-to-monitor-kuberentes-cluster.html">
|
||
|
||
<a href="using-prometheus-to-monitor-kuberentes-cluster.html">
|
||
|
||
|
||
<b>5.6.2.1.</b>
|
||
|
||
使用Prometheus监控kubernetes集群
|
||
|
||
</a>
|
||
|
||
|
||
|
||
</li>
|
||
|
||
|
||
</ul>
|
||
|
||
</li>
|
||
|
||
|
||
</ul>
|
||
|
||
</li>
|
||
|
||
<li class="chapter " data-level="5.7" data-path="services-management-tool.html">
|
||
|
||
<a href="services-management-tool.html">
|
||
|
||
|
||
<b>5.7.</b>
|
||
|
||
服务编排管理
|
||
|
||
</a>
|
||
|
||
|
||
|
||
<ul class="articles">
|
||
|
||
|
||
<li class="chapter " data-level="5.7.1" data-path="helm.html">
|
||
|
||
<a href="helm.html">
|
||
|
||
|
||
<b>5.7.1.</b>
|
||
|
||
使用Helm管理kubernetes应用
|
||
|
||
</a>
|
||
|
||
|
||
|
||
</li>
|
||
|
||
<li class="chapter " data-level="5.7.2" data-path="create-private-charts-repo.html">
|
||
|
||
<a href="create-private-charts-repo.html">
|
||
|
||
|
||
<b>5.7.2.</b>
|
||
|
||
构建私有Chart仓库
|
||
|
||
</a>
|
||
|
||
|
||
|
||
</li>
|
||
|
||
|
||
</ul>
|
||
|
||
</li>
|
||
|
||
<li class="chapter " data-level="5.8" data-path="ci-cd.html">
|
||
|
||
<a href="ci-cd.html">
|
||
|
||
|
||
<b>5.8.</b>
|
||
|
||
持续集成与发布
|
||
|
||
</a>
|
||
|
||
|
||
|
||
<ul class="articles">
|
||
|
||
|
||
<li class="chapter " data-level="5.8.1" data-path="jenkins-ci-cd.html">
|
||
|
||
<a href="jenkins-ci-cd.html">
|
||
|
||
|
||
<b>5.8.1.</b>
|
||
|
||
使用Jenkins进行持续集成与发布
|
||
|
||
</a>
|
||
|
||
|
||
|
||
</li>
|
||
|
||
<li class="chapter " data-level="5.8.2" data-path="drone-ci-cd.html">
|
||
|
||
<a href="drone-ci-cd.html">
|
||
|
||
|
||
<b>5.8.2.</b>
|
||
|
||
使用Drone进行持续集成与发布
|
||
|
||
</a>
|
||
|
||
|
||
|
||
</li>
|
||
|
||
|
||
</ul>
|
||
|
||
</li>
|
||
|
||
<li class="chapter " data-level="5.9" data-path="update-and-upgrade.html">
|
||
|
||
<a href="update-and-upgrade.html">
|
||
|
||
|
||
<b>5.9.</b>
|
||
|
||
更新与升级
|
||
|
||
</a>
|
||
|
||
|
||
|
||
<ul class="articles">
|
||
|
||
|
||
<li class="chapter " data-level="5.9.1" data-path="manually-upgrade.html">
|
||
|
||
<a href="manually-upgrade.html">
|
||
|
||
|
||
<b>5.9.1.</b>
|
||
|
||
手动升级Kubernetes集群
|
||
|
||
</a>
|
||
|
||
|
||
|
||
</li>
|
||
|
||
<li class="chapter " data-level="5.9.2" data-path="dashboard-upgrade.html">
|
||
|
||
<a href="dashboard-upgrade.html">
|
||
|
||
|
||
<b>5.9.2.</b>
|
||
|
||
升级dashboard
|
||
|
||
</a>
|
||
|
||
|
||
|
||
</li>
|
||
|
||
|
||
</ul>
|
||
|
||
</li>
|
||
|
||
|
||
|
||
|
||
<li class="header">领域应用</li>
|
||
|
||
|
||
|
||
<li class="chapter " data-level="6.1" data-path="../usecases/">
|
||
|
||
<a href="../usecases/">
|
||
|
||
|
||
<b>6.1.</b>
|
||
|
||
领域应用概览
|
||
|
||
</a>
|
||
|
||
|
||
|
||
</li>
|
||
|
||
<li class="chapter " data-level="6.2" data-path="../usecases/microservices.html">
|
||
|
||
<a href="../usecases/microservices.html">
|
||
|
||
|
||
<b>6.2.</b>
|
||
|
||
微服务架构
|
||
|
||
</a>
|
||
|
||
|
||
|
||
<ul class="articles">
|
||
|
||
|
||
<li class="chapter " data-level="6.2.1" data-path="../usecases/service-discovery-in-microservices.html">
|
||
|
||
<a href="../usecases/service-discovery-in-microservices.html">
|
||
|
||
|
||
<b>6.2.1.</b>
|
||
|
||
微服务中的服务发现
|
||
|
||
</a>
|
||
|
||
|
||
|
||
</li>
|
||
|
||
|
||
</ul>
|
||
|
||
</li>
|
||
|
||
<li class="chapter " data-level="6.3" data-path="../usecases/service-mesh.html">
|
||
|
||
<a href="../usecases/service-mesh.html">
|
||
|
||
|
||
<b>6.3.</b>
|
||
|
||
Service Mesh 服务网格
|
||
|
||
</a>
|
||
|
||
|
||
|
||
<ul class="articles">
|
||
|
||
|
||
<li class="chapter " data-level="6.3.1" data-path="../usecases/istio.html">
|
||
|
||
<a href="../usecases/istio.html">
|
||
|
||
|
||
<b>6.3.1.</b>
|
||
|
||
Istio
|
||
|
||
</a>
|
||
|
||
|
||
|
||
<ul class="articles">
|
||
|
||
|
||
<li class="chapter " data-level="6.3.1.1" data-path="../usecases/istio-installation.html">
|
||
|
||
<a href="../usecases/istio-installation.html">
|
||
|
||
|
||
<b>6.3.1.1.</b>
|
||
|
||
安装并试用Istio service mesh
|
||
|
||
</a>
|
||
|
||
|
||
|
||
</li>
|
||
|
||
<li class="chapter " data-level="6.3.1.2" data-path="../usecases/configuring-request-routing.html">
|
||
|
||
<a href="../usecases/configuring-request-routing.html">
|
||
|
||
|
||
<b>6.3.1.2.</b>
|
||
|
||
配置请求的路由规则
|
||
|
||
</a>
|
||
|
||
|
||
|
||
</li>
|
||
|
||
<li class="chapter " data-level="6.3.1.3" data-path="../usecases/install-and-expand-istio-mesh.html">
|
||
|
||
<a href="../usecases/install-and-expand-istio-mesh.html">
|
||
|
||
|
||
<b>6.3.1.3.</b>
|
||
|
||
安装和拓展Istio service mesh
|
||
|
||
</a>
|
||
|
||
|
||
|
||
</li>
|
||
|
||
<li class="chapter " data-level="6.3.1.4" data-path="../usecases/integrating-vms.html">
|
||
|
||
<a href="../usecases/integrating-vms.html">
|
||
|
||
|
||
<b>6.3.1.4.</b>
|
||
|
||
集成虚拟机
|
||
|
||
</a>
|
||
|
||
|
||
|
||
</li>
|
||
|
||
|
||
</ul>
|
||
|
||
</li>
|
||
|
||
<li class="chapter " data-level="6.3.2" data-path="../usecases/linkerd.html">
|
||
|
||
<a href="../usecases/linkerd.html">
|
||
|
||
|
||
<b>6.3.2.</b>
|
||
|
||
Linkerd
|
||
|
||
</a>
|
||
|
||
|
||
|
||
<ul class="articles">
|
||
|
||
|
||
<li class="chapter " data-level="6.3.2.1" data-path="../usecases/linkerd-user-guide.html">
|
||
|
||
<a href="../usecases/linkerd-user-guide.html">
|
||
|
||
|
||
<b>6.3.2.1.</b>
|
||
|
||
Linkerd 使用指南
|
||
|
||
</a>
|
||
|
||
|
||
|
||
</li>
|
||
|
||
|
||
</ul>
|
||
|
||
</li>
|
||
|
||
<li class="chapter " data-level="6.3.3" data-path="../usecases/conduit.html">
|
||
|
||
<a href="../usecases/conduit.html">
|
||
|
||
|
||
<b>6.3.3.</b>
|
||
|
||
Conduit
|
||
|
||
</a>
|
||
|
||
|
||
|
||
<ul class="articles">
|
||
|
||
|
||
<li class="chapter " data-level="6.3.3.1" data-path="../usecases/conduit-overview.html">
|
||
|
||
<a href="../usecases/conduit-overview.html">
|
||
|
||
|
||
<b>6.3.3.1.</b>
|
||
|
||
Condiut概览
|
||
|
||
</a>
|
||
|
||
|
||
|
||
</li>
|
||
|
||
<li class="chapter " data-level="6.3.3.2" data-path="../usecases/conduit-installation.html">
|
||
|
||
<a href="../usecases/conduit-installation.html">
|
||
|
||
|
||
<b>6.3.3.2.</b>
|
||
|
||
安装Conduit
|
||
|
||
</a>
|
||
|
||
|
||
|
||
</li>
|
||
|
||
|
||
</ul>
|
||
|
||
</li>
|
||
|
||
|
||
</ul>
|
||
|
||
</li>
|
||
|
||
<li class="chapter " data-level="6.4" data-path="../usecases/big-data.html">
|
||
|
||
<a href="../usecases/big-data.html">
|
||
|
||
|
||
<b>6.4.</b>
|
||
|
||
大数据
|
||
|
||
</a>
|
||
|
||
|
||
|
||
<ul class="articles">
|
||
|
||
|
||
<li class="chapter " data-level="6.4.1" data-path="../usecases/spark-standalone-on-kubernetes.html">
|
||
|
||
<a href="../usecases/spark-standalone-on-kubernetes.html">
|
||
|
||
|
||
<b>6.4.1.</b>
|
||
|
||
Spark standalone on Kubernetes
|
||
|
||
</a>
|
||
|
||
|
||
|
||
</li>
|
||
|
||
<li class="chapter " data-level="6.4.2" data-path="../usecases/running-spark-with-kubernetes-native-scheduler.html">
|
||
|
||
<a href="../usecases/running-spark-with-kubernetes-native-scheduler.html">
|
||
|
||
|
||
<b>6.4.2.</b>
|
||
|
||
运行支持Kubernetes原生调度的Spark程序
|
||
|
||
</a>
|
||
|
||
|
||
|
||
</li>
|
||
|
||
|
||
</ul>
|
||
|
||
</li>
|
||
|
||
<li class="chapter " data-level="6.5" data-path="../usecases/serverless.html">
|
||
|
||
<a href="../usecases/serverless.html">
|
||
|
||
|
||
<b>6.5.</b>
|
||
|
||
Serverless架构
|
||
|
||
</a>
|
||
|
||
|
||
|
||
<ul class="articles">
|
||
|
||
|
||
<li class="chapter " data-level="6.5.1" data-path="../usecases/understanding-serverless.html">
|
||
|
||
<a href="../usecases/understanding-serverless.html">
|
||
|
||
|
||
<b>6.5.1.</b>
|
||
|
||
理解Serverless
|
||
|
||
</a>
|
||
|
||
|
||
|
||
</li>
|
||
|
||
<li class="chapter " data-level="6.5.2" data-path="../usecases/faas.html">
|
||
|
||
<a href="../usecases/faas.html">
|
||
|
||
|
||
<b>6.5.2.</b>
|
||
|
||
FaaS-函数即服务
|
||
|
||
</a>
|
||
|
||
|
||
|
||
<ul class="articles">
|
||
|
||
|
||
<li class="chapter " data-level="6.5.2.1" data-path="../usecases/openfaas-quick-start.html">
|
||
|
||
<a href="../usecases/openfaas-quick-start.html">
|
||
|
||
|
||
<b>6.5.2.1.</b>
|
||
|
||
OpenFaaS快速入门指南
|
||
|
||
</a>
|
||
|
||
|
||
|
||
</li>
|
||
|
||
|
||
</ul>
|
||
|
||
</li>
|
||
|
||
|
||
</ul>
|
||
|
||
</li>
|
||
|
||
<li class="chapter " data-level="6.6" data-path="../usecases/edge-computing.html">
|
||
|
||
<a href="../usecases/edge-computing.html">
|
||
|
||
|
||
<b>6.6.</b>
|
||
|
||
边缘计算
|
||
|
||
</a>
|
||
|
||
|
||
|
||
</li>
|
||
|
||
|
||
|
||
|
||
<li class="header">开发指南</li>
|
||
|
||
|
||
|
||
<li class="chapter " data-level="7.1" data-path="../develop/">
|
||
|
||
<a href="../develop/">
|
||
|
||
|
||
<b>7.1.</b>
|
||
|
||
开发指南概览
|
||
|
||
</a>
|
||
|
||
|
||
|
||
</li>
|
||
|
||
<li class="chapter " data-level="7.2" data-path="../develop/sigs-and-working-group.html">
|
||
|
||
<a href="../develop/sigs-and-working-group.html">
|
||
|
||
|
||
<b>7.2.</b>
|
||
|
||
SIG和工作组
|
||
|
||
</a>
|
||
|
||
|
||
|
||
</li>
|
||
|
||
<li class="chapter " data-level="7.3" data-path="../develop/developing-environment.html">
|
||
|
||
<a href="../develop/developing-environment.html">
|
||
|
||
|
||
<b>7.3.</b>
|
||
|
||
开发环境搭建
|
||
|
||
</a>
|
||
|
||
|
||
|
||
</li>
|
||
|
||
<li class="chapter " data-level="7.4" data-path="../develop/testing.html">
|
||
|
||
<a href="../develop/testing.html">
|
||
|
||
|
||
<b>7.4.</b>
|
||
|
||
单元测试和集成测试
|
||
|
||
</a>
|
||
|
||
|
||
|
||
</li>
|
||
|
||
<li class="chapter " data-level="7.5" data-path="../develop/client-go-sample.html">
|
||
|
||
<a href="../develop/client-go-sample.html">
|
||
|
||
|
||
<b>7.5.</b>
|
||
|
||
client-go示例
|
||
|
||
</a>
|
||
|
||
|
||
|
||
</li>
|
||
|
||
<li class="chapter " data-level="7.6" data-path="../develop/operator.html">
|
||
|
||
<a href="../develop/operator.html">
|
||
|
||
|
||
<b>7.6.</b>
|
||
|
||
Operator
|
||
|
||
</a>
|
||
|
||
|
||
|
||
</li>
|
||
|
||
<li class="chapter " data-level="7.7" data-path="../develop/contribute.html">
|
||
|
||
<a href="../develop/contribute.html">
|
||
|
||
|
||
<b>7.7.</b>
|
||
|
||
社区贡献
|
||
|
||
</a>
|
||
|
||
|
||
|
||
</li>
|
||
|
||
<li class="chapter " data-level="7.8" data-path="../develop/minikube.html">
|
||
|
||
<a href="../develop/minikube.html">
|
||
|
||
|
||
<b>7.8.</b>
|
||
|
||
Minikube
|
||
|
||
</a>
|
||
|
||
|
||
|
||
</li>
|
||
|
||
|
||
|
||
|
||
<li class="header">附录</li>
|
||
|
||
|
||
|
||
<li class="chapter " data-level="8.1" data-path="../appendix/">
|
||
|
||
<a href="../appendix/">
|
||
|
||
|
||
<b>8.1.</b>
|
||
|
||
附录说明
|
||
|
||
</a>
|
||
|
||
|
||
|
||
</li>
|
||
|
||
<li class="chapter " data-level="8.2" data-path="../appendix/debug-kubernetes-services.html">
|
||
|
||
<a href="../appendix/debug-kubernetes-services.html">
|
||
|
||
|
||
<b>8.2.</b>
|
||
|
||
Kubernetes中的应用故障排查
|
||
|
||
</a>
|
||
|
||
|
||
|
||
</li>
|
||
|
||
<li class="chapter " data-level="8.3" data-path="../appendix/material-share.html">
|
||
|
||
<a href="../appendix/material-share.html">
|
||
|
||
|
||
<b>8.3.</b>
|
||
|
||
Kubernetes相关资讯和情报链接
|
||
|
||
</a>
|
||
|
||
|
||
|
||
</li>
|
||
|
||
<li class="chapter " data-level="8.4" data-path="../appendix/docker-best-practice.html">
|
||
|
||
<a href="../appendix/docker-best-practice.html">
|
||
|
||
|
||
<b>8.4.</b>
|
||
|
||
Docker最佳实践
|
||
|
||
</a>
|
||
|
||
|
||
|
||
</li>
|
||
|
||
<li class="chapter " data-level="8.5" data-path="../appendix/tricks.html">
|
||
|
||
<a href="../appendix/tricks.html">
|
||
|
||
|
||
<b>8.5.</b>
|
||
|
||
使用技巧
|
||
|
||
</a>
|
||
|
||
|
||
|
||
</li>
|
||
|
||
<li class="chapter " data-level="8.6" data-path="../appendix/issues.html">
|
||
|
||
<a href="../appendix/issues.html">
|
||
|
||
|
||
<b>8.6.</b>
|
||
|
||
问题记录
|
||
|
||
</a>
|
||
|
||
|
||
|
||
</li>
|
||
|
||
<li class="chapter " data-level="8.7" data-path="../appendix/kubernetes-changelog.html">
|
||
|
||
<a href="../appendix/kubernetes-changelog.html">
|
||
|
||
|
||
<b>8.7.</b>
|
||
|
||
Kubernetes版本更新日志
|
||
|
||
</a>
|
||
|
||
|
||
|
||
<ul class="articles">
|
||
|
||
|
||
<li class="chapter " data-level="8.7.1" data-path="../appendix/kubernetes-1.7-changelog.html">
|
||
|
||
<a href="../appendix/kubernetes-1.7-changelog.html">
|
||
|
||
|
||
<b>8.7.1.</b>
|
||
|
||
Kubernetes1.7更新日志
|
||
|
||
</a>
|
||
|
||
|
||
|
||
</li>
|
||
|
||
<li class="chapter " data-level="8.7.2" data-path="../appendix/kubernetes-1.8-changelog.html">
|
||
|
||
<a href="../appendix/kubernetes-1.8-changelog.html">
|
||
|
||
|
||
<b>8.7.2.</b>
|
||
|
||
Kubernetes1.8更新日志
|
||
|
||
</a>
|
||
|
||
|
||
|
||
</li>
|
||
|
||
<li class="chapter " data-level="8.7.3" data-path="../appendix/kubernetes-1.9-changelog.html">
|
||
|
||
<a href="../appendix/kubernetes-1.9-changelog.html">
|
||
|
||
|
||
<b>8.7.3.</b>
|
||
|
||
Kubernetes1.9更新日志
|
||
|
||
</a>
|
||
|
||
|
||
|
||
</li>
|
||
|
||
|
||
</ul>
|
||
|
||
</li>
|
||
|
||
<li class="chapter " data-level="8.8" data-path="../appendix/summary-and-outlook.html">
|
||
|
||
<a href="../appendix/summary-and-outlook.html">
|
||
|
||
|
||
<b>8.8.</b>
|
||
|
||
Kubernetes及云原生年度总结及展望
|
||
|
||
</a>
|
||
|
||
|
||
|
||
<ul class="articles">
|
||
|
||
|
||
<li class="chapter " data-level="8.8.1" data-path="../appendix/kubernetes-and-cloud-native-summary-in-2017-and-outlook-for-2018.html">
|
||
|
||
<a href="../appendix/kubernetes-and-cloud-native-summary-in-2017-and-outlook-for-2018.html">
|
||
|
||
|
||
<b>8.8.1.</b>
|
||
|
||
Kubernetes与云原生2017年年终总结及2018年展望
|
||
|
||
</a>
|
||
|
||
|
||
|
||
</li>
|
||
|
||
|
||
</ul>
|
||
|
||
</li>
|
||
|
||
|
||
|
||
|
||
<li class="divider"></li>
|
||
|
||
<li>
|
||
<a href="https://www.gitbook.com" target="blank" class="gitbook-link">
|
||
本书使用 GitBook 发布
|
||
</a>
|
||
</li>
|
||
</ul>
|
||
|
||
|
||
</nav>
|
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|
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|
||
</div>
|
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|
||
<div class="book-body">
|
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|
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<div class="body-inner">
|
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|
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|
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|
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<div class="book-header" role="navigation">
|
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|
||
|
||
<!-- Title -->
|
||
<h1>
|
||
<i class="fa fa-circle-o-notch fa-spin"></i>
|
||
<a href=".." >配置内置DNS（kube-dns）</a>
|
||
</h1>
|
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</div>
|
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|
||
|
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|
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|
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<div class="page-wrapper" tabindex="-1" role="main">
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<section class="normal markdown-section">
|
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|
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<h1 id="配置内置dns（kube-dns）">配置内置DNS（kube-dns）</h1>
|
||
<p>在我们安装Kubernetes集群的时候就已经安装了kube-dns插件，这个插件也是官方推荐安装的。通过将 Service 注册到 DNS 中，Kuberentes 可以为我们提供一种简单的服务注册发现与负载均衡方式。</p>
|
||
<p><a href="https://coredns.io" target="_blank">CoreDNS</a>作为CNCF中的托管的一个项目，在Kuberentes1.9版本中，使用kubeadm方式安装的集群可以通过以下命令直接安装CoreDNS。</p>
|
||
<pre><code class="lang-bash">kubeadm init --feature-gates=CoreDNS=<span class="hljs-literal">true</span>
|
||
</code></pre>
|
||
<p>您也可以使用CoreDNS替换Kubernetes插件kube-dns，可以使用 Pod 部署也可以独立部署，请参考<a href="https://kubernetes.io/docs/tasks/administer-cluster/coredns/" target="_blank">Using CoreDNS for Service Discovery</a>，下文将介绍如何配置kube-dns。</p>
|
||
<h2 id="kube-dns">kube-dns</h2>
|
||
<p>kube-dns是Kubernetes中的一个内置插件，目前作为一个独立的开源项目维护，见<a href="https://github.com/kubernetes/dns。" target="_blank">https://github.com/kubernetes/dns。</a></p>
|
||
<p>下文中给出了配置 DNS Pod 的提示和定义 DNS 解析过程以及诊断 DNS 问题的指南。</p>
|
||
<h2 id="前提要求">前提要求</h2>
|
||
<ul>
|
||
<li>Kubernetes 1.6 及以上版本。</li>
|
||
<li>集群必须使用 <code>kube-dns</code> 插件进行配置。</li>
|
||
</ul>
|
||
<h2 id="kube-dns-介绍">kube-dns 介绍</h2>
|
||
<p>从 Kubernetes v1.3 版本开始，使用 cluster add-on 插件管理器回自动启动内置的 DNS。</p>
|
||
<p>Kubernetes DNS pod 中包括 3 个容器：</p>
|
||
<ul>
|
||
<li><code>kubedns</code>：<code>kubedns</code> 进程监视 Kubernetes master 中的 Service 和 Endpoint 的变化，并维护内存查找结构来服务DNS请求。</li>
|
||
<li><code>dnsmasq</code>：<code>dnsmasq</code> 容器添加 DNS 缓存以提高性能。</li>
|
||
<li><code>sidecar</code>：<code>sidecar</code> 容器在执行双重健康检查（针对 <code>dnsmasq</code> 和 <code>kubedns</code>）时提供单个健康检查端点（监听在10054端口）。</li>
|
||
</ul>
|
||
<p>DNS pod 具有静态 IP 并作为 Kubernetes 服务暴露出来。该静态 IP 分配后，kubelet 会将使用 <code>--cluster-dns = <dns-service-ip></code> 标志配置的 DNS 传递给每个容器。</p>
|
||
<p>DNS 名称也需要域名。本地域可以使用标志 <code>--cluster-domain = <default-local-domain></code> 在 kubelet 中配置。</p>
|
||
<p>Kubernetes集群DNS服务器基于 <a href="https://github.com/skynetservices/skydns" target="_blank">SkyDNS</a> 库。它支持正向查找（A 记录），服务查找（SRV 记录）和反向 IP 地址查找（PTR 记录）</p>
|
||
<h2 id="kube-dns-支持的-dns-格式">kube-dns 支持的 DNS 格式</h2>
|
||
<p>kube-dns 将分别为 service 和 pod 生成不同格式的 DNS 记录。</p>
|
||
<p><strong>Service</strong></p>
|
||
<ul>
|
||
<li>A记录：生成<code>my-svc.my-namespace.svc.cluster.local</code>域名，解析成 IP 地址，分为两种情况：<ul>
|
||
<li>普通 Service：解析成 ClusterIP</li>
|
||
<li>Headless Service：解析为指定 Pod 的 IP 列表</li>
|
||
</ul>
|
||
</li>
|
||
<li>SRV记录：为命名的端口（普通 Service 或 Headless Service）生成 <code>_my-port-name._my-port-protocol.my-svc.my-namespace.svc.cluster.local</code> 的域名</li>
|
||
</ul>
|
||
<p><strong>Pod</strong></p>
|
||
<ul>
|
||
<li>A记录：生成域名 <code>pod-ip.my-namespace.pod.cluster.local</code></li>
|
||
</ul>
|
||
<h2 id="kube-dns-存根域名">kube-dns 存根域名</h2>
|
||
<p>可以在 Pod 中指定 hostname 和 subdomain：<code>hostname.custom-subdomain.default.svc.cluster.local</code>，例如：</p>
|
||
<pre><code class="lang-yaml"><span class="hljs-attr">apiVersion:</span> v1
|
||
<span class="hljs-attr">kind:</span> Pod
|
||
<span class="hljs-attr">metadata:</span>
|
||
<span class="hljs-attr"> name:</span> busybox
|
||
<span class="hljs-attr"> labels:</span>
|
||
<span class="hljs-attr"> name:</span> busybox
|
||
<span class="hljs-attr">spec:</span>
|
||
<span class="hljs-attr"> hostname:</span> busybox<span class="hljs-bullet">-1</span>
|
||
<span class="hljs-attr"> subdomain:</span> busybox-subdomain
|
||
<span class="hljs-attr"> containers:</span>
|
||
<span class="hljs-attr"> name:</span> busybox
|
||
<span class="hljs-attr"> - image:</span> busybox
|
||
<span class="hljs-attr"> command:</span>
|
||
<span class="hljs-bullet"> -</span> sleep
|
||
<span class="hljs-bullet"> -</span> <span class="hljs-string">"3600"</span>
|
||
</code></pre>
|
||
<p>该 Pod 的域名是 <code>busybox-1.busybox-subdomain.default.svc.cluster.local</code>。</p>
|
||
<h2 id="继承节点的-dns">继承节点的 DNS</h2>
|
||
<p>运行 Pod 时，kubelet 将预先配置集群 DNS 服务器到 Pod 中，并搜索节点自己的 DNS 设置路径。如果节点能够解析特定于较大环境的 DNS 名称，那么 Pod 应该也能够解析。请参阅下面的<a href="#known-issues">已知问题</a>以了解警告。</p>
|
||
<p>如果您不想要这个，或者您想要为 Pod 设置不同的 DNS 配置，您可以给 kubelet 指定 <code>--resolv-conf</code> 标志。将该值设置为 "" 意味着 Pod 不继承 DNS。将其设置为有效的文件路径意味着 kubelet 将使用此文件而不是 <code>/etc/resolv.conf</code> 用于 DNS 继承。</p>
|
||
<h2 id="配置存根域和上游-dns-服务器">配置存根域和上游 DNS 服务器</h2>
|
||
<p>通过为 kube-dns （<code>kube-system:kube-dns</code>）提供一个 ConfigMap，集群管理员能够指定自定义存根域和上游 nameserver。</p>
|
||
<p>例如，下面的 ConfigMap 建立了一个 DNS 配置，它具有一个单独的存根域和两个上游 nameserver：</p>
|
||
<pre><code class="lang-yaml"><span class="hljs-attr">apiVersion:</span> v1
|
||
<span class="hljs-attr">kind:</span> ConfigMap
|
||
<span class="hljs-attr">metadata:</span>
|
||
<span class="hljs-attr"> name:</span> kube-dns
|
||
<span class="hljs-attr"> namespace:</span> kube-system
|
||
<span class="hljs-attr">data:</span>
|
||
<span class="hljs-attr"> stubDomains:</span> <span class="hljs-string">|
|
||
{“acme.local”: [“1.2.3.4”]}
|
||
</span><span class="hljs-attr"> upstreamNameservers:</span> <span class="hljs-string">|
|
||
[“8.8.8.8”, “8.8.4.4”]
|
||
</span></code></pre>
|
||
<p>如上面指定的那样，带有“.acme.local”后缀的 DNS 请求被转发到 1.2.3.4 处监听的 DNS。Google Public DNS 为上游查询提供服务。</p>
|
||
<p>下表描述了如何将具有特定域名的查询映射到其目标DNS服务器：</p>
|
||
<table>
|
||
<thead>
|
||
<tr>
|
||
<th>域名</th>
|
||
<th>响应查询的服务器</th>
|
||
</tr>
|
||
</thead>
|
||
<tbody>
|
||
<tr>
|
||
<td>kubernetes.default.svc.cluster.local</td>
|
||
<td>kube-dns</td>
|
||
</tr>
|
||
<tr>
|
||
<td>foo.acme.local</td>
|
||
<td>自定义 DNS (1.2.3.4)</td>
|
||
</tr>
|
||
<tr>
|
||
<td>widget.com</td>
|
||
<td>上游 DNS (8.8.8.8 或 8.8.4.4)</td>
|
||
</tr>
|
||
</tbody>
|
||
</table>
|
||
<p>查看 <a href="#configmap-options">ConfigMap 选项</a> 获取更多关于配置选项格式的详细信息。</p>
|
||
<h3 id="对-pod-的影响">对 Pod 的影响</h3>
|
||
<p>自定义的上游名称服务器和存根域不会影响那些将自己的 <code>dnsPolicy</code> 设置为 <code>Default</code> 或者 <code>None</code> 的 Pod。</p>
|
||
<p>如果 Pod 的 <code>dnsPolicy</code> 设置为 “<code>ClusterFirst</code>”，则其名称解析将按其他方式处理，具体取决于存根域和上游 DNS 服务器的配置。</p>
|
||
<p><strong>未进行自定义配置</strong>：没有匹配上配置的集群域名后缀的任何请求，例如 “www.kubernetes.io”，将会被转发到继承自节点的上游 nameserver。</p>
|
||
<p><strong>进行自定义配置</strong>：如果配置了存根域和上游 DNS 服务器（和在 <a href="#configuring-stub-domain-and-upstream-dns-servers">前面例子</a> 配置的一样），DNS 查询将根据下面的流程进行路由：</p>
|
||
<ol>
|
||
<li><p>查询首先被发送到 kube-dns 中的 DNS 缓存层。</p>
|
||
</li>
|
||
<li><p>从缓存层，检查请求的后缀，并转发到合适的 DNS 上，基于如下的示例：</p>
|
||
<ul>
|
||
<li><em>具有集群后缀的名字</em>（例如 “.cluster.local”）：请求被发送到 kube-dns。</li>
|
||
<li><em>具有存根域后缀的名字</em>（例如 “.acme.local”）：请求被发送到配置的自定义 DNS 解析器（例如：监听在 1.2.3.4）。</li>
|
||
<li><em>不具有能匹配上后缀的名字</em>（例如 “widget.com”）：请求被转发到上游 DNS（例如：Google 公共 DNS 服务器，8.8.8.8 和 8.8.4.4）。</li>
|
||
</ul>
|
||
<figure id="fig5.3.6.1"><img src="https://d33wubrfki0l68.cloudfront.net/340889cb80e81dcd19a16bc34697a7907e2b229a/24ad0/docs/tasks/administer-cluster/dns-custom-nameservers/dns.png" alt="DNS lookup flow"><figcaption>图片 - DNS lookup flow</figcaption></figure>
|
||
</li>
|
||
</ol>
|
||
<h2 id="configmap-选项">ConfigMap 选项</h2>
|
||
<p>kube-dns <code>kube-system:kube-dns</code> ConfigMap 的选项如下所示：</p>
|
||
<table>
|
||
<thead>
|
||
<tr>
|
||
<th>字段</th>
|
||
<th>格式</th>
|
||
<th>描述</th>
|
||
</tr>
|
||
</thead>
|
||
<tbody>
|
||
<tr>
|
||
<td><code>stubDomains</code>（可选）</td>
|
||
<td>使用 DNS 后缀 key 的 JSON map（例如 “acme.local”），以及 DNS IP 的 JSON 数组作为 value。</td>
|
||
<td>目标 nameserver 可能是一个 Kubernetes Service。例如，可以运行自己的 dnsmasq 副本，将 DNS 名字暴露到 ClusterDNS namespace 中。</td>
|
||
</tr>
|
||
<tr>
|
||
<td><code>upstreamNameservers</code>（可选）</td>
|
||
<td>DNS IP 的 JSON 数组。</td>
|
||
<td>注意：如果指定，则指定的值会替换掉被默认从节点的 <code>/etc/resolv.conf</code> 中获取到的 nameserver。限制：最多可以指定三个上游 nameserver。</td>
|
||
</tr>
|
||
</tbody>
|
||
</table>
|
||
<h3 id="示例">示例</h3>
|
||
<h4 id="示例：存根域">示例：存根域</h4>
|
||
<p>在这个例子中，用户有一个 Consul DNS 服务发现系统，他们希望能够与 kube-dns 集成起来。 Consul 域名服务器地址为 10.150.0.1，所有的 Consul 名字具有后缀 “.consul.local”。 要配置 Kubernetes，集群管理员只需要简单地创建一个 ConfigMap 对象，如下所示：</p>
|
||
<pre><code class="lang-yaml"><span class="hljs-attr">apiVersion:</span> v1
|
||
<span class="hljs-attr">kind:</span> ConfigMap
|
||
<span class="hljs-attr">metadata:</span>
|
||
<span class="hljs-attr"> name:</span> kube-dns
|
||
<span class="hljs-attr"> namespace:</span> kube-system
|
||
<span class="hljs-attr">data:</span>
|
||
<span class="hljs-attr"> stubDomains:</span> <span class="hljs-string">|
|
||
{“consul.local”: [“10.150.0.1”]}
|
||
</span></code></pre>
|
||
<p>注意，集群管理员不希望覆盖节点的上游 nameserver，所以他们不会指定可选的 <code>upstreamNameservers</code> 字段。</p>
|
||
<h4 id="示例：上游-nameserver">示例：上游 nameserver</h4>
|
||
<p>在这个示例中，集群管理员不希望显式地强制所有非集群 DNS 查询进入到他们自己的 nameserver 172.16.0.1。 而且这很容易实现：他们只需要创建一个 ConfigMap，<code>upstreamNameservers</code> 字段指定期望的 nameserver 即可。</p>
|
||
<pre><code class="lang-yaml"><span class="hljs-attr">apiVersion:</span> v1
|
||
<span class="hljs-attr">kind:</span> ConfigMap
|
||
<span class="hljs-attr">metadata:</span>
|
||
<span class="hljs-attr"> name:</span> kube-dns
|
||
<span class="hljs-attr"> namespace:</span> kube-system
|
||
<span class="hljs-attr">data:</span>
|
||
<span class="hljs-attr"> upstreamNameservers:</span> <span class="hljs-string">|
|
||
[“172.16.0.1”]
|
||
</span></code></pre>
|
||
<h2 id="调试-dns-解析">调试 DNS 解析</h2>
|
||
<h3 id="创建一个简单的-pod-用作测试环境">创建一个简单的 Pod 用作测试环境</h3>
|
||
<p>创建一个名为 busybox.yaml 的文件，其中包括以下内容：</p>
|
||
<pre><code class="lang-yaml"><span class="hljs-attr">apiVersion:</span> v1
|
||
<span class="hljs-attr">kind:</span> Pod
|
||
<span class="hljs-attr">metadata:</span>
|
||
<span class="hljs-attr"> name:</span> busybox
|
||
<span class="hljs-attr"> namespace:</span> default
|
||
<span class="hljs-attr">spec:</span>
|
||
<span class="hljs-attr"> containers:</span>
|
||
<span class="hljs-attr"> - name:</span> busybox
|
||
<span class="hljs-attr"> image:</span> busybox
|
||
<span class="hljs-attr"> command:</span>
|
||
<span class="hljs-bullet"> -</span> sleep
|
||
<span class="hljs-bullet"> -</span> <span class="hljs-string">"3600"</span>
|
||
<span class="hljs-attr"> imagePullPolicy:</span> IfNotPresent
|
||
<span class="hljs-attr"> restartPolicy:</span> Always
|
||
</code></pre>
|
||
<p>使用该文件创建 Pod 并验证其状态：</p>
|
||
<pre><code class="lang-shell">$ kubectl create -f busybox.yaml
|
||
pod "busybox" created
|
||
|
||
$ kubectl get pods busybox
|
||
NAME READY STATUS RESTARTS AGE
|
||
busybox 1/1 Running 0 <some-time>
|
||
</code></pre>
|
||
<p>该 Pod 运行后，您可以在它的环境中执行 <code>nslookup</code>。如果您看到类似如下的输出，表示 DNS 正在正确工作。</p>
|
||
<pre><code class="lang-shell">$ kubectl exec -ti busybox -- nslookup kubernetes.default
|
||
Server: 10.0.0.10
|
||
Address 1: 10.0.0.10
|
||
|
||
Name: kubernetes.default
|
||
Address 1: 10.0.0.1
|
||
</code></pre>
|
||
<p>如果 <code>nslookup</code> 命令失败，检查如下内容：</p>
|
||
<h3 id="首先检查本地-dns-配置">首先检查本地 DNS 配置</h3>
|
||
<p>查看下 resolv.conf 文件。（参考<a href="inheriting-dns-from-the-node">集成节点的 DNS</a>和 下面的<a href="#known-issues">已知问题</a>获取更多信息）</p>
|
||
<pre><code class="lang-shell">$ kubectl exec busybox cat /etc/resolv.conf
|
||
</code></pre>
|
||
<p>验证搜索路径和名称服务器设置如下（请注意，搜索路径可能因不同的云提供商而异）：</p>
|
||
<pre><code>search default.svc.cluster.local svc.cluster.local cluster.local google.internal c.gce_project_id.internal
|
||
nameserver 10.0.0.10
|
||
options ndots:5
|
||
</code></pre><p>如果看到如下错误表明错误来自 kube-dns 或相关服务：</p>
|
||
<pre><code>$ kubectl exec -ti busybox -- nslookup kubernetes.default
|
||
Server: 10.0.0.10
|
||
Address 1: 10.0.0.10
|
||
|
||
nslookup: can't resolve 'kubernetes.default'
|
||
</code></pre><p>或者</p>
|
||
<pre><code>$ kubectl exec -ti busybox -- nslookup kubernetes.default
|
||
Server: 10.0.0.10
|
||
Address 1: 10.0.0.10 kube-dns.kube-system.svc.cluster.local
|
||
|
||
nslookup: can't resolve 'kubernetes.default'
|
||
</code></pre><h3 id="检查-dns-pod-是否在运行">检查 DNS pod 是否在运行</h3>
|
||
<p>使用 <code>kubectl get pods</code> 命令验证 DNS pod 是否正在运行。</p>
|
||
<pre><code class="lang-shell">$ kubectl get pods --namespace=kube-system -l k8s-app=kube-dns
|
||
NAME READY STATUS RESTARTS AGE
|
||
...
|
||
kube-dns-v19-ezo1y 3/3 Running 0 1h
|
||
...
|
||
</code></pre>
|
||
<p>如果您看到没有 Pod 运行或者 Pod 处于 失败/完成 状态，DNS 插件可能没有部署到您的当前环境中，您需要手动部署。</p>
|
||
<h3 id="检查-dns-pod-中的错误">检查 DNS pod 中的错误</h3>
|
||
<p>使用 <code>kubectl logs</code> 命令查看 DNS 守护进程的日志。</p>
|
||
<pre><code class="lang-shell">$ kubectl logs --namespace=kube-system $(kubectl get pods --namespace=kube-system -l k8s-app=kube-dns -o name) -c kubedns
|
||
$ kubectl logs --namespace=kube-system $(kubectl get pods --namespace=kube-system -l k8s-app=kube-dns -o name) -c dnsmasq
|
||
$ kubectl logs --namespace=kube-system $(kubectl get pods --namespace=kube-system -l k8s-app=kube-dns -o name) -c sidecar
|
||
</code></pre>
|
||
<p>看看有没有可疑的日志。以字母“<code>W</code>”，“<code>E</code>”，“<code>F</code>”开头的代表警告、错误和失败。请搜索具有这些日志级别的条目，并使用 <a href="https://github.com/kubernetes/kubernetes/issues" target="_blank">kubernetes issues</a>来报告意外错误。</p>
|
||
<h3 id="dns-服务启动了吗？">DNS 服务启动了吗？</h3>
|
||
<p>使用 <code>kubectl get service</code> 命令验证 DNS 服务是否启动。</p>
|
||
<pre><code class="lang-shell">$ kubectl get svc --namespace=kube-system
|
||
NAME CLUSTER-IP EXTERNAL-IP PORT(S) AGE
|
||
...
|
||
kube-dns 10.0.0.10 <none> 53/UDP,53/TCP 1h
|
||
...
|
||
</code></pre>
|
||
<p>如果您已经创建了该服务或它本应该默认创建但没有出现，参考<a href="https://kubernetes.io/docs/tasks/debug-application-cluster/debug-service/" target="_blank">调试服务</a>获取更多信息。</p>
|
||
<h3 id="dns-端点暴露出来了吗？">DNS 端点暴露出来了吗？</h3>
|
||
<p>您可以使用<code>kubectl get endpoints</code>命令验证 DNS 端点是否被暴露。</p>
|
||
<pre><code class="lang-shell">$ kubectl get ep kube-dns --namespace=kube-system
|
||
NAME ENDPOINTS AGE
|
||
kube-dns 10.180.3.17:53,10.180.3.17:53 1h
|
||
</code></pre>
|
||
<p>如果您没有看到端点，查看<a href="https://kubernetes.io/docs/tasks/debug-application-cluster/debug-service/" target="_blank">调试服务</a>文档中的端点部分。</p>
|
||
<p>获取更多的 Kubernetes DNS 示例，请参考 Kubernetes GitHub 仓库中的<a href="https://github.com/kubernetes/examples/tree/master/staging/cluster-dns" target="_blank">cluster-dns示例</a>。</p>
|
||
<h2 id="已知问题">已知问题</h2>
|
||
<p>Kubernetes安装时不会将节点的 resolv.conf 文件配置为默认使用集群 DNS，因为该过程本身是特定于发行版的。这一步应该放到最后实现。</p>
|
||
<p>Linux 的 libc 不可思议的卡住（<a href="https://bugzilla.redhat.com/show_bug.cgi?id=168253" target="_blank">查看该2005年起暴出来的bug</a>）限制只能有 3 个 DNS <code>nameserver</code> 记录和 6 个 DNS <code>search</code> 记录。Kubernetes 需要消耗 1 个 <code>nameserver</code> 记录和 3 个 <code>search</code> 记录。这意味着如果本地安装已经使用 3 个 <code>nameserver</code> 或使用 3 个以上的 <code>search</code> 记录，那么其中一些设置将会丢失。有个部分解决该问题的方法，就是节点可以运行 <code>dnsmasq</code>，它将提供更多的 <code>nameserver</code> 条目，但不会有更多的 <code>search</code> 条目。您也可以使用 kubelet 的 <code>--resolv-conf</code> 标志。</p>
|
||
<p>如果您使用的是 Alpine 3.3 或更低版本作为基础映像，由于已知的 Alpine 问题，DNS 可能无法正常工作。点击<a href="https://github.com/kubernetes/kubernetes/issues/30215" target="_blank">这里</a>查看更多信息。</p>
|
||
<h2 id="kubernetes-集群联邦（多可用区支持）">Kubernetes 集群联邦（多可用区支持）</h2>
|
||
<p>Kubernetes 1.3 版本起引入了支持多站点 Kubernetes 安装的集群联邦支持。这需要对 Kubernetes 集群 DNS 服务器处理 DNS 查询的方式进行一些小的（向后兼容的）更改，以便于查找联邦服务（跨多个 Kubernetes 集群）。有关集群联邦和多站点支持的更多详细信息，请参阅<a href="https://kubernetes.io/docs/concepts/cluster-administration/federation/" target="_blank">集群联邦管理员指南</a>。</p>
|
||
<h2 id="参考">参考</h2>
|
||
<ul>
|
||
<li><a href="https://kubernetes.io/docs/tasks/administer-cluster/dns-custom-nameservers/" target="_blank">Configure DNS Service</a></li>
|
||
<li><a href="../docs/concepts/services-networking/dns-pod-service">Service 和 Pod 的 DNS</a></li>
|
||
<li><a href="../docs/tasks/administer-cluster/dns-horizontal-autoscaling">自动扩容集群中的 DNS 服务</a></li>
|
||
<li><a href="https://kubernetes.io/docs/tasks/administer-cluster/coredns/" target="_blank">Using CoreDNS for Service Discovery</a> </li>
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</ul>
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