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<title>Deployment · Kubernetes 中文指南——云原生应用架构实践手册</title>
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<li>
<a href="https://jimmysong.io" target="_blank" class="custom-link">回到主页</a>
</li>
<li>
<a href="https://jimmysong.io/awesome-cloud-native/" target="_blank" class="custom-link">云原生开源项目大全</a>
</li>
<li>
<a href="https://cloudnative.to" target="_blank" class="custom-link">云原生社区</a>
</li>
<li class="divider"></li>
<li class="header">前言</li>
<li class="chapter " data-level="1.1" data-path="../">
<a href="../">
<b>1.1.</b>
序言
</a>
</li>
<li class="header">云原生</li>
<li class="chapter " data-level="2.1" data-path="../cloud-native/cloud-native-definition.html">
<a href="../cloud-native/cloud-native-definition.html">
<b>2.1.</b>
云原生的定义
</a>
</li>
<li class="chapter " data-level="2.2" data-path="../cloud-native/cloud-native-philosophy.html">
<a href="../cloud-native/cloud-native-philosophy.html">
<b>2.2.</b>
云原生的设计哲学
</a>
</li>
<li class="chapter " data-level="2.3" data-path="../cloud-native/kubernetes-history.html">
<a href="../cloud-native/kubernetes-history.html">
<b>2.3.</b>
Kubernetes 的诞生
</a>
</li>
<li class="chapter " data-level="2.4" data-path="../cloud-native/kubernetes-and-cloud-native-app-overview.html">
<a href="../cloud-native/kubernetes-and-cloud-native-app-overview.html">
<b>2.4.</b>
Kubernetes 与云原生应用概览
</a>
</li>
<li class="chapter " data-level="2.5" data-path="../cloud-native/from-kubernetes-to-cloud-native.html">
<a href="../cloud-native/from-kubernetes-to-cloud-native.html">
<b>2.5.</b>
云原生应用之路 —— 从 Kubernetes 到云原生
</a>
</li>
<li class="chapter " data-level="2.6" data-path="../cloud-native/define-cloud-native-app.html">
<a href="../cloud-native/define-cloud-native-app.html">
<b>2.6.</b>
定义云原生应用
</a>
<ul class="articles">
<li class="chapter " data-level="2.6.1" data-path="../cloud-native/oam.html">
<a href="../cloud-native/oam.html">
<b>2.6.1.</b>
OAM
</a>
<ul class="articles">
<li class="chapter " data-level="2.6.1.1" data-path="../cloud-native/workload.html">
<a href="../cloud-native/workload.html">
<b>2.6.1.1.</b>
Workload
</a>
</li>
<li class="chapter " data-level="2.6.1.2" data-path="../cloud-native/component.html">
<a href="../cloud-native/component.html">
<b>2.6.1.2.</b>
Component
</a>
</li>
<li class="chapter " data-level="2.6.1.3" data-path="../cloud-native/trait.html">
<a href="../cloud-native/trait.html">
<b>2.6.1.3.</b>
Trait
</a>
</li>
<li class="chapter " data-level="2.6.1.4" data-path="../cloud-native/application-scope.html">
<a href="../cloud-native/application-scope.html">
<b>2.6.1.4.</b>
Application Scope
</a>
</li>
<li class="chapter " data-level="2.6.1.5" data-path="../cloud-native/application-configuration.html">
<a href="../cloud-native/application-configuration.html">
<b>2.6.1.5.</b>
Application Configuration
</a>
</li>
</ul>
</li>
<li class="chapter " data-level="2.6.2" data-path="../cloud-native/crossplane.html">
<a href="../cloud-native/crossplane.html">
<b>2.6.2.</b>
Crossplane
</a>
</li>
</ul>
</li>
<li class="chapter " data-level="2.7" data-path="../cloud-native/cloud-native-programming-languages.html">
<a href="../cloud-native/cloud-native-programming-languages.html">
<b>2.7.</b>
云原生平台配置语言
</a>
<ul class="articles">
<li class="chapter " data-level="2.7.1" data-path="../cloud-native/cloud-native-programming-language-ballerina.html">
<a href="../cloud-native/cloud-native-programming-language-ballerina.html">
<b>2.7.1.</b>
Ballerina
</a>
</li>
<li class="chapter " data-level="2.7.2" data-path="../cloud-native/cloud-native-programming-language-pulumi.html">
<a href="../cloud-native/cloud-native-programming-language-pulumi.html">
<b>2.7.2.</b>
Pulumi
</a>
</li>
</ul>
</li>
<li class="chapter " data-level="2.8" data-path="../cloud-native/the-future-of-cloud-native.html">
<a href="../cloud-native/the-future-of-cloud-native.html">
<b>2.8.</b>
云原生的未来
</a>
</li>
<li class="header">快速入门</li>
<li class="chapter " data-level="3.1" data-path="../cloud-native/quick-start.html">
<a href="../cloud-native/quick-start.html">
<b>3.1.</b>
云原生新手入门指南
</a>
</li>
<li class="chapter " data-level="3.2" data-path="../cloud-native/play-with-kubernetes.html">
<a href="../cloud-native/play-with-kubernetes.html">
<b>3.2.</b>
Play with Kubernetes
</a>
</li>
<li class="chapter " data-level="3.3" data-path="../cloud-native/cloud-native-local-quick-start.html">
<a href="../cloud-native/cloud-native-local-quick-start.html">
<b>3.3.</b>
快速部署一个云原生本地实验环境
</a>
</li>
<li class="chapter " data-level="3.4" data-path="../cloud-native/setup-kubernetes-with-rancher-and-aliyun.html">
<a href="../cloud-native/setup-kubernetes-with-rancher-and-aliyun.html">
<b>3.4.</b>
使用 Rancher 在阿里云上部署 Kubenretes 集群
</a>
</li>
<li class="header">概念与原理</li>
<li class="chapter " data-level="4.1" data-path="./">
<a href="./">
<b>4.1.</b>
Kubernetes 架构
</a>
<ul class="articles">
<li class="chapter " data-level="4.1.1" data-path="concepts.html">
<a href="concepts.html">
<b>4.1.1.</b>
Kubernetes 的设计理念
</a>
</li>
<li class="chapter " data-level="4.1.2" data-path="etcd.html">
<a href="etcd.html">
<b>4.1.2.</b>
Etcd 解析
</a>
</li>
<li class="chapter " data-level="4.1.3" data-path="open-interfaces.html">
<a href="open-interfaces.html">
<b>4.1.3.</b>
开放接口
</a>
<ul class="articles">
<li class="chapter " data-level="4.1.3.1" data-path="cri.html">
<a href="cri.html">
<b>4.1.3.1.</b>
容器运行时接口（CRI）
</a>
</li>
<li class="chapter " data-level="4.1.3.2" data-path="cni.html">
<a href="cni.html">
<b>4.1.3.2.</b>
容器网络接口（CNI）
</a>
</li>
<li class="chapter " data-level="4.1.3.3" data-path="csi.html">
<a href="csi.html">
<b>4.1.3.3.</b>
容器存储接口（CSI）
</a>
</li>
</ul>
</li>
<li class="chapter " data-level="4.1.4" data-path="objects.html">
<a href="objects.html">
<b>4.1.4.</b>
Kubernetes 中的资源对象
</a>
</li>
</ul>
</li>
<li class="chapter " data-level="4.2" data-path="pod-state-and-lifecycle.html">
<a href="pod-state-and-lifecycle.html">
<b>4.2.</b>
Pod 状态与生命周期管理
</a>
<ul class="articles">
<li class="chapter " data-level="4.2.1" data-path="pod-overview.html">
<a href="pod-overview.html">
<b>4.2.1.</b>
Pod 概览
</a>
</li>
<li class="chapter " data-level="4.2.2" data-path="pod.html">
<a href="pod.html">
<b>4.2.2.</b>
Pod 解析
</a>
</li>
<li class="chapter " data-level="4.2.3" data-path="init-containers.html">
<a href="init-containers.html">
<b>4.2.3.</b>
Init 容器
</a>
</li>
<li class="chapter " data-level="4.2.4" data-path="pause-container.html">
<a href="pause-container.html">
<b>4.2.4.</b>
Pause 容器
</a>
</li>
<li class="chapter " data-level="4.2.5" data-path="pod-security-policy.html">
<a href="pod-security-policy.html">
<b>4.2.5.</b>
Pod 安全策略
</a>
</li>
<li class="chapter " data-level="4.2.6" data-path="pod-lifecycle.html">
<a href="pod-lifecycle.html">
<b>4.2.6.</b>
Pod 的生命周期
</a>
</li>
<li class="chapter " data-level="4.2.7" data-path="pod-hook.html">
<a href="pod-hook.html">
<b>4.2.7.</b>
Pod Hook
</a>
</li>
<li class="chapter " data-level="4.2.8" data-path="pod-preset.html">
<a href="pod-preset.html">
<b>4.2.8.</b>
Pod Preset
</a>
</li>
<li class="chapter " data-level="4.2.9" data-path="pod-disruption-budget.html">
<a href="pod-disruption-budget.html">
<b>4.2.9.</b>
Pod 中断与 PDB（Pod 中断预算）
</a>
</li>
</ul>
</li>
<li class="chapter " data-level="4.3" data-path="cluster.html">
<a href="cluster.html">
<b>4.3.</b>
集群资源管理
</a>
<ul class="articles">
<li class="chapter " data-level="4.3.1" data-path="node.html">
<a href="node.html">
<b>4.3.1.</b>
Node
</a>
</li>
<li class="chapter " data-level="4.3.2" data-path="namespace.html">
<a href="namespace.html">
<b>4.3.2.</b>
Namespace
</a>
</li>
<li class="chapter " data-level="4.3.3" data-path="label.html">
<a href="label.html">
<b>4.3.3.</b>
Label
</a>
</li>
<li class="chapter " data-level="4.3.4" data-path="annotation.html">
<a href="annotation.html">
<b>4.3.4.</b>
Annotation
</a>
</li>
<li class="chapter " data-level="4.3.5" data-path="taint-and-toleration.html">
<a href="taint-and-toleration.html">
<b>4.3.5.</b>
Taint 和 Toleration（污点和容忍）
</a>
</li>
<li class="chapter " data-level="4.3.6" data-path="garbage-collection.html">
<a href="garbage-collection.html">
<b>4.3.6.</b>
垃圾收集
</a>
</li>
</ul>
</li>
<li class="chapter " data-level="4.4" data-path="controllers.html">
<a href="controllers.html">
<b>4.4.</b>
控制器
</a>
<ul class="articles">
<li class="chapter active" data-level="4.4.1" data-path="deployment.html">
<a href="deployment.html">
<b>4.4.1.</b>
Deployment
</a>
</li>
<li class="chapter " data-level="4.4.2" data-path="statefulset.html">
<a href="statefulset.html">
<b>4.4.2.</b>
StatefulSet
</a>
</li>
<li class="chapter " data-level="4.4.3" data-path="daemonset.html">
<a href="daemonset.html">
<b>4.4.3.</b>
DaemonSet
</a>
</li>
<li class="chapter " data-level="4.4.4" data-path="replicaset.html">
<a href="replicaset.html">
<b>4.4.4.</b>
ReplicationController 和 ReplicaSet
</a>
</li>
<li class="chapter " data-level="4.4.5" data-path="job.html">
<a href="job.html">
<b>4.4.5.</b>
Job
</a>
</li>
<li class="chapter " data-level="4.4.6" data-path="cronjob.html">
<a href="cronjob.html">
<b>4.4.6.</b>
CronJob
</a>
</li>
<li class="chapter " data-level="4.4.7" data-path="horizontal-pod-autoscaling.html">
<a href="horizontal-pod-autoscaling.html">
<b>4.4.7.</b>
Horizontal Pod Autoscaling
</a>
<ul class="articles">
<li class="chapter " data-level="4.4.7.1" data-path="custom-metrics-hpa.html">
<a href="custom-metrics-hpa.html">
<b>4.4.7.1.</b>
自定义指标 HPA
</a>
</li>
</ul>
</li>
<li class="chapter " data-level="4.4.8" data-path="admission-controller.html">
<a href="admission-controller.html">
<b>4.4.8.</b>
准入控制器（Admission Controller）
</a>
</li>
</ul>
</li>
<li class="chapter " data-level="4.5" data-path="service-discovery.html">
<a href="service-discovery.html">
<b>4.5.</b>
服务发现与路由
</a>
<ul class="articles">
<li class="chapter " data-level="4.5.1" data-path="service.html">
<a href="service.html">
<b>4.5.1.</b>
Service
</a>
</li>
<li class="chapter " data-level="4.5.2" data-path="topology-aware-routing.html">
<a href="topology-aware-routing.html">
<b>4.5.2.</b>
拓扑感知路由
</a>
</li>
<li class="chapter " data-level="4.5.3" data-path="ingress.html">
<a href="ingress.html">
<b>4.5.3.</b>
Ingress
</a>
<ul class="articles">
<li class="chapter " data-level="4.5.3.1" data-path="traefik-ingress-controller.html">
<a href="traefik-ingress-controller.html">
<b>4.5.3.1.</b>
Traefik Ingress Controller
</a>
</li>
</ul>
</li>
<li class="chapter " data-level="4.5.4" data-path="gateway.html">
<a href="gateway.html">
<b>4.5.4.</b>
Gateway
</a>
</li>
</ul>
</li>
<li class="chapter " data-level="4.6" data-path="authentication-and-permission.html">
<a href="authentication-and-permission.html">
<b>4.6.</b>
身份与权限控制
</a>
<ul class="articles">
<li class="chapter " data-level="4.6.1" data-path="serviceaccount.html">
<a href="serviceaccount.html">
<b>4.6.1.</b>
ServiceAccount
</a>
</li>
<li class="chapter " data-level="4.6.2" data-path="rbac.html">
<a href="rbac.html">
<b>4.6.2.</b>
基于角色的访问控制（RBAC）
</a>
</li>
<li class="chapter " data-level="4.6.3" data-path="network-policy.html">
<a href="network-policy.html">
<b>4.6.3.</b>
NetworkPolicy
</a>
</li>
</ul>
</li>
<li class="chapter " data-level="4.7" data-path="networking.html">
<a href="networking.html">
<b>4.7.</b>
网络
</a>
<ul class="articles">
<li class="chapter " data-level="4.7.1" data-path="flannel.html">
<a href="flannel.html">
<b>4.7.1.</b>
扁平网络 Flannel
</a>
</li>
<li class="chapter " data-level="4.7.2" data-path="calico.html">
<a href="calico.html">
<b>4.7.2.</b>
非 Overlay 扁平网络 Calico
</a>
</li>
<li class="chapter " data-level="4.7.3" data-path="cilium.html">
<a href="cilium.html">
<b>4.7.3.</b>
基于 eBPF 的网络 Cilium
</a>
<ul class="articles">
<li class="chapter " data-level="4.7.3.1" data-path="cilium-concepts.html">
<a href="cilium-concepts.html">
<b>4.7.3.1.</b>
Cilium 架构设计与概念解析
</a>
</li>
</ul>
</li>
</ul>
</li>
<li class="chapter " data-level="4.8" data-path="storage.html">
<a href="storage.html">
<b>4.8.</b>
存储
</a>
<ul class="articles">
<li class="chapter " data-level="4.8.1" data-path="secret.html">
<a href="secret.html">
<b>4.8.1.</b>
Secret
</a>
</li>
<li class="chapter " data-level="4.8.2" data-path="configmap.html">
<a href="configmap.html">
<b>4.8.2.</b>
ConfigMap
</a>
<ul class="articles">
<li class="chapter " data-level="4.8.2.1" data-path="configmap-hot-update.html">
<a href="configmap-hot-update.html">
<b>4.8.2.1.</b>
ConfigMap 的热更新
</a>
</li>
</ul>
</li>
<li class="chapter " data-level="4.8.3" data-path="volume.html">
<a href="volume.html">
<b>4.8.3.</b>
Volume
</a>
</li>
<li class="chapter " data-level="4.8.4" data-path="persistent-volume.html">
<a href="persistent-volume.html">
<b>4.8.4.</b>
持久化卷（Persistent Volume）
</a>
</li>
<li class="chapter " data-level="4.8.5" data-path="storageclass.html">
<a href="storageclass.html">
<b>4.8.5.</b>
Storage Class
</a>
</li>
<li class="chapter " data-level="4.8.6" data-path="local-persistent-storage.html">
<a href="local-persistent-storage.html">
<b>4.8.6.</b>
本地持久化存储
</a>
</li>
</ul>
</li>
<li class="chapter " data-level="4.9" data-path="extension.html">
<a href="extension.html">
<b>4.9.</b>
集群扩展
</a>
<ul class="articles">
<li class="chapter " data-level="4.9.1" data-path="custom-resource.html">
<a href="custom-resource.html">
<b>4.9.1.</b>
使用自定义资源扩展 API
</a>
</li>
<li class="chapter " data-level="4.9.2" data-path="crd.html">
<a href="crd.html">
<b>4.9.2.</b>
使用 CRD 扩展 Kubernetes API
</a>
</li>
<li class="chapter " data-level="4.9.3" data-path="aggregated-api-server.html">
<a href="aggregated-api-server.html">
<b>4.9.3.</b>
Aggregated API Server
</a>
</li>
<li class="chapter " data-level="4.9.4" data-path="apiservice.html">
<a href="apiservice.html">
<b>4.9.4.</b>
APIService
</a>
</li>
<li class="chapter " data-level="4.9.5" data-path="service-catalog.html">
<a href="service-catalog.html">
<b>4.9.5.</b>
服务目录（Service Catalog）
</a>
</li>
</ul>
</li>
<li class="chapter " data-level="4.10" data-path="multicluster.html">
<a href="multicluster.html">
<b>4.10.</b>
多集群管理
</a>
<ul class="articles">
<li class="chapter " data-level="4.10.1" data-path="multi-cluster-services-api.html">
<a href="multi-cluster-services-api.html">
<b>4.10.1.</b>
多集群服务 API（Multi-Cluster Services API）
</a>
</li>
<li class="chapter " data-level="4.10.2" data-path="../practice/federation.html">
<a href="../practice/federation.html">
<b>4.10.2.</b>
集群联邦（Cluster Federation）
</a>
</li>
</ul>
</li>
<li class="chapter " data-level="4.11" data-path="scheduling.html">
<a href="scheduling.html">
<b>4.11.</b>
资源调度
</a>
<ul class="articles">
<li class="chapter " data-level="4.11.1" data-path="qos.html">
<a href="qos.html">
<b>4.11.1.</b>
服务质量等级（QoS）
</a>
</li>
</ul>
</li>
<li class="header">用户指南</li>
<li class="chapter " data-level="5.1" data-path="../guide/">
<a href="../guide/">
<b>5.1.</b>
用户指南概览
</a>
</li>
<li class="chapter " data-level="5.2" data-path="../guide/resource-configuration.html">
<a href="../guide/resource-configuration.html">
<b>5.2.</b>
资源对象配置
</a>
<ul class="articles">
<li class="chapter " data-level="5.2.1" data-path="../guide/configure-liveness-readiness-probes.html">
<a href="../guide/configure-liveness-readiness-probes.html">
<b>5.2.1.</b>
配置 Pod 的 liveness 和 readiness 探针
</a>
</li>
<li class="chapter " data-level="5.2.2" data-path="../guide/configure-pod-service-account.html">
<a href="../guide/configure-pod-service-account.html">
<b>5.2.2.</b>
配置 Pod 的 Service Account
</a>
</li>
<li class="chapter " data-level="5.2.3" data-path="../guide/secret-configuration.html">
<a href="../guide/secret-configuration.html">
<b>5.2.3.</b>
Secret 配置
</a>
</li>
<li class="chapter " data-level="5.2.4" data-path="../guide/resource-quota-management.html">
<a href="../guide/resource-quota-management.html">
<b>5.2.4.</b>
管理 namespace 中的资源配额
</a>
</li>
</ul>
</li>
<li class="chapter " data-level="5.3" data-path="../guide/command-usage.html">
<a href="../guide/command-usage.html">
<b>5.3.</b>
命令使用
</a>
<ul class="articles">
<li class="chapter " data-level="5.3.1" data-path="../guide/docker-cli-to-kubectl.html">
<a href="../guide/docker-cli-to-kubectl.html">
<b>5.3.1.</b>
Docker 用户过渡到 kubectl 命令行指南
</a>
</li>
<li class="chapter " data-level="5.3.2" data-path="../guide/using-kubectl.html">
<a href="../guide/using-kubectl.html">
<b>5.3.2.</b>
kubectl 命令概览
</a>
</li>
<li class="chapter " data-level="5.3.3" data-path="../guide/kubectl-cheatsheet.html">
<a href="../guide/kubectl-cheatsheet.html">
<b>5.3.3.</b>
kubectl 命令技巧大全
</a>
</li>
<li class="chapter " data-level="5.3.4" data-path="../guide/using-etcdctl-to-access-kubernetes-data.html">
<a href="../guide/using-etcdctl-to-access-kubernetes-data.html">
<b>5.3.4.</b>
使用 etcdctl 访问 Kubernetes 数据
</a>
</li>
</ul>
</li>
<li class="chapter " data-level="5.4" data-path="../guide/cluster-security-management.html">
<a href="../guide/cluster-security-management.html">
<b>5.4.</b>
集群安全性管理
</a>
<ul class="articles">
<li class="chapter " data-level="5.4.1" data-path="../guide/managing-tls-in-a-cluster.html">
<a href="../guide/managing-tls-in-a-cluster.html">
<b>5.4.1.</b>
管理集群中的 TLS
</a>
</li>
<li class="chapter " data-level="5.4.2" data-path="../guide/kubelet-authentication-authorization.html">
<a href="../guide/kubelet-authentication-authorization.html">
<b>5.4.2.</b>
kubelet 的认证授权
</a>
</li>
<li class="chapter " data-level="5.4.3" data-path="../guide/tls-bootstrapping.html">
<a href="../guide/tls-bootstrapping.html">
<b>5.4.3.</b>
TLS Bootstrap
</a>
</li>
<li class="chapter " data-level="5.4.4" data-path="../guide/kubectl-user-authentication-authorization.html">
<a href="../guide/kubectl-user-authentication-authorization.html">
<b>5.4.4.</b>
创建用户认证授权的 kubeconfig 文件
</a>
</li>
<li class="chapter " data-level="5.4.5" data-path="../guide/ip-masq-agent.html">
<a href="../guide/ip-masq-agent.html">
<b>5.4.5.</b>
IP 伪装代理
</a>
</li>
<li class="chapter " data-level="5.4.6" data-path="../guide/auth-with-kubeconfig-or-token.html">
<a href="../guide/auth-with-kubeconfig-or-token.html">
<b>5.4.6.</b>
使用 kubeconfig 或 token 进行用户身份认证
</a>
</li>
<li class="chapter " data-level="5.4.7" data-path="../guide/authentication.html">
<a href="../guide/authentication.html">
<b>5.4.7.</b>
Kubernetes 中的用户与身份认证授权
</a>
</li>
<li class="chapter " data-level="5.4.8" data-path="../guide/kubernetes-security-best-practice.html">
<a href="../guide/kubernetes-security-best-practice.html">
<b>5.4.8.</b>
Kubernetes 集群安全性配置最佳实践
</a>
</li>
</ul>
</li>
<li class="chapter " data-level="5.5" data-path="../guide/access-kubernetes-cluster.html">
<a href="../guide/access-kubernetes-cluster.html">
<b>5.5.</b>
访问 Kubernetes 集群
</a>
<ul class="articles">
<li class="chapter " data-level="5.5.1" data-path="../guide/access-cluster.html">
<a href="../guide/access-cluster.html">
<b>5.5.1.</b>
访问集群
</a>
</li>
<li class="chapter " data-level="5.5.2" data-path="../guide/authenticate-across-clusters-kubeconfig.html">
<a href="../guide/authenticate-across-clusters-kubeconfig.html">
<b>5.5.2.</b>
使用 kubeconfig 文件配置跨集群认证
</a>
</li>
<li class="chapter " data-level="5.5.3" data-path="../guide/connecting-to-applications-port-forward.html">
<a href="../guide/connecting-to-applications-port-forward.html">
<b>5.5.3.</b>
通过端口转发访问集群中的应用程序
</a>
</li>
<li class="chapter " data-level="5.5.4" data-path="../guide/service-access-application-cluster.html">
<a href="../guide/service-access-application-cluster.html">
<b>5.5.4.</b>
使用 service 访问群集中的应用程序
</a>
</li>
<li class="chapter " data-level="5.5.5" data-path="../guide/accessing-kubernetes-pods-from-outside-of-the-cluster.html">
<a href="../guide/accessing-kubernetes-pods-from-outside-of-the-cluster.html">
<b>5.5.5.</b>
从外部访问 Kubernetes 中的 Pod
</a>
</li>
<li class="chapter " data-level="5.5.6" data-path="../guide/kubernetes-desktop-client.html">
<a href="../guide/kubernetes-desktop-client.html">
<b>5.5.6.</b>
Lens - Kubernetes IDE
</a>
</li>
<li class="chapter " data-level="5.5.7" data-path="../guide/kubernator-kubernetes-ui.html">
<a href="../guide/kubernator-kubernetes-ui.html">
<b>5.5.7.</b>
Kubernator - 更底层的 Kubernetes UI
</a>
</li>
</ul>
</li>
<li class="chapter " data-level="5.6" data-path="../guide/application-development-deployment-flow.html">
<a href="../guide/application-development-deployment-flow.html">
<b>5.6.</b>
在 Kubernetes 中开发部署应用
</a>
<ul class="articles">
<li class="chapter " data-level="5.6.1" data-path="../guide/deploy-applications-in-kubernetes.html">
<a href="../guide/deploy-applications-in-kubernetes.html">
<b>5.6.1.</b>
适用于 Kubernetes 的应用开发部署流程
</a>
</li>
<li class="chapter " data-level="5.6.2" data-path="../guide/migrating-hadoop-yarn-to-kubernetes.html">
<a href="../guide/migrating-hadoop-yarn-to-kubernetes.html">
<b>5.6.2.</b>
迁移传统应用到 Kubernetes 中 —— 以 Hadoop YARN 为例
</a>
</li>
<li class="chapter " data-level="5.6.3" data-path="../guide/using-statefulset.html">
<a href="../guide/using-statefulset.html">
<b>5.6.3.</b>
使用 StatefulSet 部署用状态应用
</a>
</li>
</ul>
</li>
<li class="header">最佳实践</li>
<li class="chapter " data-level="6.1" data-path="../practice/">
<a href="../practice/">
<b>6.1.</b>
最佳实践概览
</a>
</li>
<li class="chapter " data-level="6.2" data-path="../practice/install-kubernetes-on-centos.html">
<a href="../practice/install-kubernetes-on-centos.html">
<b>6.2.</b>
在 CentOS 上部署 Kubernetes 集群
</a>
<ul class="articles">
<li class="chapter " data-level="6.2.1" data-path="../practice/create-tls-and-secret-key.html">
<a href="../practice/create-tls-and-secret-key.html">
<b>6.2.1.</b>
创建 TLS 证书和秘钥
</a>
</li>
<li class="chapter " data-level="6.2.2" data-path="../practice/create-kubeconfig.html">
<a href="../practice/create-kubeconfig.html">
<b>6.2.2.</b>
创建 kubeconfig 文件
</a>
</li>
<li class="chapter " data-level="6.2.3" data-path="../practice/etcd-cluster-installation.html">
<a href="../practice/etcd-cluster-installation.html">
<b>6.2.3.</b>
创建高可用 etcd 集群
</a>
</li>
<li class="chapter " data-level="6.2.4" data-path="../practice/kubectl-installation.html">
<a href="../practice/kubectl-installation.html">
<b>6.2.4.</b>
安装 kubectl 命令行工具
</a>
</li>
<li class="chapter " data-level="6.2.5" data-path="../practice/master-installation.html">
<a href="../practice/master-installation.html">
<b>6.2.5.</b>
部署 master 节点
</a>
</li>
<li class="chapter " data-level="6.2.6" data-path="../practice/flannel-installation.html">
<a href="../practice/flannel-installation.html">
<b>6.2.6.</b>
安装 flannel 网络插件
</a>
</li>
<li class="chapter " data-level="6.2.7" data-path="../practice/node-installation.html">
<a href="../practice/node-installation.html">
<b>6.2.7.</b>
部署 node 节点
</a>
</li>
<li class="chapter " data-level="6.2.8" data-path="../practice/kubedns-addon-installation.html">
<a href="../practice/kubedns-addon-installation.html">
<b>6.2.8.</b>
安装 kubedns 插件
</a>
</li>
<li class="chapter " data-level="6.2.9" data-path="../practice/dashboard-addon-installation.html">
<a href="../practice/dashboard-addon-installation.html">
<b>6.2.9.</b>
安装 dashboard 插件
</a>
</li>
<li class="chapter " data-level="6.2.10" data-path="../practice/heapster-addon-installation.html">
<a href="../practice/heapster-addon-installation.html">
<b>6.2.10.</b>
安装 heapster 插件
</a>
</li>
<li class="chapter " data-level="6.2.11" data-path="../practice/efk-addon-installation.html">
<a href="../practice/efk-addon-installation.html">
<b>6.2.11.</b>
安装 EFK 插件
</a>
</li>
</ul>
</li>
<li class="chapter " data-level="6.3" data-path="../practice/install-kubernetes-with-kubeadm.html">
<a href="../practice/install-kubernetes-with-kubeadm.html">
<b>6.3.</b>
生产级的 Kubernetes 简化管理工具 kubeadm
</a>
<ul class="articles">
<li class="chapter " data-level="6.3.1" data-path="../practice/install-kubernetes-on-ubuntu-server-16.04-with-kubeadm.html">
<a href="../practice/install-kubernetes-on-ubuntu-server-16.04-with-kubeadm.html">
<b>6.3.1.</b>
使用 kubeadm 在 Ubuntu Server 16.04 上快速构建测试集群
</a>
</li>
</ul>
</li>
<li class="chapter " data-level="6.4" data-path="../practice/service-discovery-and-loadbalancing.html">
<a href="../practice/service-discovery-and-loadbalancing.html">
<b>6.4.</b>
服务发现与负载均衡
</a>
<ul class="articles">
<li class="chapter " data-level="6.4.1" data-path="../practice/traefik-ingress-installation.html">
<a href="../practice/traefik-ingress-installation.html">
<b>6.4.1.</b>
安装 Traefik ingress
</a>
</li>
<li class="chapter " data-level="6.4.2" data-path="../practice/distributed-load-test.html">
<a href="../practice/distributed-load-test.html">
<b>6.4.2.</b>
分布式负载测试
</a>
</li>
<li class="chapter " data-level="6.4.3" data-path="../practice/network-and-cluster-perfermance-test.html">
<a href="../practice/network-and-cluster-perfermance-test.html">
<b>6.4.3.</b>
网络和集群性能测试
</a>
</li>
<li class="chapter " data-level="6.4.4" data-path="../practice/edge-node-configuration.html">
<a href="../practice/edge-node-configuration.html">
<b>6.4.4.</b>
边缘节点配置
</a>
</li>
<li class="chapter " data-level="6.4.5" data-path="../practice/nginx-ingress-installation.html">
<a href="../practice/nginx-ingress-installation.html">
<b>6.4.5.</b>
安装 Nginx ingress
</a>
</li>
<li class="chapter " data-level="6.4.6" data-path="../practice/dns-installation.html">
<a href="../practice/dns-installation.html">
<b>6.4.6.</b>
安装配置 DNS
</a>
<ul class="articles">
<li class="chapter " data-level="6.4.6.1" data-path="../practice/configuring-dns.html">
<a href="../practice/configuring-dns.html">
<b>6.4.6.1.</b>
安装配置 Kube-dns
</a>
</li>
<li class="chapter " data-level="6.4.6.2" data-path="../practice/coredns.html">
<a href="../practice/coredns.html">
<b>6.4.6.2.</b>
安装配置 CoreDNS
</a>
</li>
</ul>
</li>
</ul>
</li>
<li class="chapter " data-level="6.5" data-path="../practice/operation.html">
<a href="../practice/operation.html">
<b>6.5.</b>
运维管理
</a>
<ul class="articles">
<li class="chapter " data-level="6.5.1" data-path="../practice/master-ha.html">
<a href="../practice/master-ha.html">
<b>6.5.1.</b>
Master 节点高可用
</a>
</li>
<li class="chapter " data-level="6.5.2" data-path="../practice/service-rolling-update.html">
<a href="../practice/service-rolling-update.html">
<b>6.5.2.</b>
服务滚动升级
</a>
</li>
<li class="chapter " data-level="6.5.3" data-path="../practice/app-log-collection.html">
<a href="../practice/app-log-collection.html">
<b>6.5.3.</b>
应用日志收集
</a>
</li>
<li class="chapter " data-level="6.5.4" data-path="../practice/configuration-best-practice.html">
<a href="../practice/configuration-best-practice.html">
<b>6.5.4.</b>
配置最佳实践
</a>
</li>
<li class="chapter " data-level="6.5.5" data-path="../practice/monitor.html">
<a href="../practice/monitor.html">
<b>6.5.5.</b>
集群及应用监控
</a>
</li>
<li class="chapter " data-level="6.5.6" data-path="../practice/data-persistence-problem.html">
<a href="../practice/data-persistence-problem.html">
<b>6.5.6.</b>
数据持久化问题
</a>
</li>
<li class="chapter " data-level="6.5.7" data-path="../practice/manage-compute-resources-container.html">
<a href="../practice/manage-compute-resources-container.html">
<b>6.5.7.</b>
管理容器的计算资源
</a>
</li>
</ul>
</li>
<li class="chapter " data-level="6.6" data-path="../practice/storage.html">
<a href="../practice/storage.html">
<b>6.6.</b>
存储管理
</a>
<ul class="articles">
<li class="chapter " data-level="6.6.1" data-path="../practice/glusterfs.html">
<a href="../practice/glusterfs.html">
<b>6.6.1.</b>
GlusterFS
</a>
<ul class="articles">
<li class="chapter " data-level="6.6.1.1" data-path="../practice/using-glusterfs-for-persistent-storage.html">
<a href="../practice/using-glusterfs-for-persistent-storage.html">
<b>6.6.1.1.</b>
使用 GlusterFS 做持久化存储
</a>
</li>
<li class="chapter " data-level="6.6.1.2" data-path="../practice/using-heketi-gluster-for-persistent-storage.html">
<a href="../practice/using-heketi-gluster-for-persistent-storage.html">
<b>6.6.1.2.</b>
使用 Heketi 作为 Kubernetes 的持久存储 GlusterFS 的 external provisioner
</a>
</li>
<li class="chapter " data-level="6.6.1.3" data-path="../practice/storage-for-containers-using-glusterfs-with-openshift.html">
<a href="../practice/storage-for-containers-using-glusterfs-with-openshift.html">
<b>6.6.1.3.</b>
在 OpenShift 中使用 GlusterFS 做持久化存储
</a>
</li>
</ul>
</li>
<li class="chapter " data-level="6.6.2" data-path="../practice/glusterd-2.0.html">
<a href="../practice/glusterd-2.0.html">
<b>6.6.2.</b>
GlusterD-2.0
</a>
</li>
<li class="chapter " data-level="6.6.3" data-path="../practice/ceph.html">
<a href="../practice/ceph.html">
<b>6.6.3.</b>
Ceph
</a>
<ul class="articles">
<li class="chapter " data-level="6.6.3.1" data-path="../practice/ceph-helm-install-guide-zh.html">
<a href="../practice/ceph-helm-install-guide-zh.html">
<b>6.6.3.1.</b>
用 Helm 托管安装 Ceph 集群并提供后端存储
</a>
</li>
<li class="chapter " data-level="6.6.3.2" data-path="../practice/using-ceph-for-persistent-storage.html">
<a href="../practice/using-ceph-for-persistent-storage.html">
<b>6.6.3.2.</b>
使用 Ceph 做持久化存储
</a>
</li>
<li class="chapter " data-level="6.6.3.3" data-path="../practice/rbd-provisioner.html">
<a href="../practice/rbd-provisioner.html">
<b>6.6.3.3.</b>
使用 rbd-provisioner 提供 rbd 持久化存储
</a>
</li>
</ul>
</li>
<li class="chapter " data-level="6.6.4" data-path="../practice/openebs.html">
<a href="../practice/openebs.html">
<b>6.6.4.</b>
OpenEBS
</a>
<ul class="articles">
<li class="chapter " data-level="6.6.4.1" data-path="../practice/using-openebs-for-persistent-storage.html">
<a href="../practice/using-openebs-for-persistent-storage.html">
<b>6.6.4.1.</b>
使用 OpenEBS 做持久化存储
</a>
</li>
</ul>
</li>
<li class="chapter " data-level="6.6.5" data-path="../practice/rook.html">
<a href="../practice/rook.html">
<b>6.6.5.</b>
Rook
</a>
</li>
<li class="chapter " data-level="6.6.6" data-path="../practice/nfs.html">
<a href="../practice/nfs.html">
<b>6.6.6.</b>
NFS
</a>
<ul class="articles">
<li class="chapter " data-level="6.6.6.1" data-path="../practice/using-nfs-for-persistent-storage.html">
<a href="../practice/using-nfs-for-persistent-storage.html">
<b>6.6.6.1.</b>
利用 NFS 动态提供 Kubernetes 后端存储卷
</a>
</li>
</ul>
</li>
</ul>
</li>
<li class="chapter " data-level="6.7" data-path="../practice/monitoring.html">
<a href="../practice/monitoring.html">
<b>6.7.</b>
集群与应用监控
</a>
<ul class="articles">
<li class="chapter " data-level="6.7.1" data-path="../practice/heapster.html">
<a href="../practice/heapster.html">
<b>6.7.1.</b>
Heapster
</a>
<ul class="articles">
<li class="chapter " data-level="6.7.1.1" data-path="../practice/using-heapster-to-get-object-metrics.html">
<a href="../practice/using-heapster-to-get-object-metrics.html">
<b>6.7.1.1.</b>
使用 Heapster 获取集群和对象的 metric 数据
</a>
</li>
</ul>
</li>
<li class="chapter " data-level="6.7.2" data-path="../practice/prometheus.html">
<a href="../practice/prometheus.html">
<b>6.7.2.</b>
Prometheus
</a>
<ul class="articles">
<li class="chapter " data-level="6.7.2.1" data-path="../practice/using-prometheus-to-monitor-kuberentes-cluster.html">
<a href="../practice/using-prometheus-to-monitor-kuberentes-cluster.html">
<b>6.7.2.1.</b>
使用 Prometheus 监控 Kubernetes 集群
</a>
</li>
<li class="chapter " data-level="6.7.2.2" data-path="../practice/promql.html">
<a href="../practice/promql.html">
<b>6.7.2.2.</b>
Prometheus 查询语言 PromQL 使用说明
</a>
</li>
</ul>
</li>
</ul>
</li>
<li class="chapter " data-level="6.8" data-path="../practice/distributed-tracing.html">
<a href="../practice/distributed-tracing.html">
<b>6.8.</b>
分布式追踪
</a>
<ul class="articles">
<li class="chapter " data-level="6.8.1" data-path="../practice/opentracing.html">
<a href="../practice/opentracing.html">
<b>6.8.1.</b>
OpenTracing
</a>
</li>
</ul>
</li>
<li class="chapter " data-level="6.9" data-path="../practice/services-management-tool.html">
<a href="../practice/services-management-tool.html">
<b>6.9.</b>
服务编排管理
</a>
<ul class="articles">
<li class="chapter " data-level="6.9.1" data-path="../practice/helm.html">
<a href="../practice/helm.html">
<b>6.9.1.</b>
使用 Helm 管理 Kubernetes 应用
</a>
</li>
<li class="chapter " data-level="6.9.2" data-path="../practice/create-private-charts-repo.html">
<a href="../practice/create-private-charts-repo.html">
<b>6.9.2.</b>
构建私有 Chart 仓库
</a>
</li>
</ul>
</li>
<li class="chapter " data-level="6.10" data-path="../practice/ci-cd.html">
<a href="../practice/ci-cd.html">
<b>6.10.</b>
持续集成与发布（CI/CD）
</a>
<ul class="articles">
<li class="chapter " data-level="6.10.1" data-path="../practice/jenkins-ci-cd.html">
<a href="../practice/jenkins-ci-cd.html">
<b>6.10.1.</b>
使用 Jenkins 进行持续集成与发布
</a>
</li>
<li class="chapter " data-level="6.10.2" data-path="../practice/drone-ci-cd.html">
<a href="../practice/drone-ci-cd.html">
<b>6.10.2.</b>
使用 Drone 进行持续集成与发布
</a>
</li>
</ul>
</li>
<li class="chapter " data-level="6.11" data-path="../practice/update-and-upgrade.html">
<a href="../practice/update-and-upgrade.html">
<b>6.11.</b>
更新与升级
</a>
<ul class="articles">
<li class="chapter " data-level="6.11.1" data-path="../practice/manually-upgrade.html">
<a href="../practice/manually-upgrade.html">
<b>6.11.1.</b>
手动升级 Kubernetes 集群
</a>
</li>
<li class="chapter " data-level="6.11.2" data-path="../practice/dashboard-upgrade.html">
<a href="../practice/dashboard-upgrade.html">
<b>6.11.2.</b>
升级 dashboard
</a>
</li>
</ul>
</li>
<li class="chapter " data-level="6.12" data-path="../practice/controller-extended.html">
<a href="../practice/controller-extended.html">
<b>6.12.</b>
扩展控制器
</a>
<ul class="articles">
<li class="chapter " data-level="6.12.1" data-path="../practice/openkruise.html">
<a href="../practice/openkruise.html">
<b>6.12.1.</b>
OpenKruise
</a>
<ul class="articles">
<li class="chapter " data-level="6.12.1.1" data-path="../practice/in-place-update.html">
<a href="../practice/in-place-update.html">
<b>6.12.1.1.</b>
原地升级
</a>
</li>
</ul>
</li>
</ul>
</li>
<li class="chapter " data-level="6.13" data-path="../practice/security-policy.html">
<a href="../practice/security-policy.html">
<b>6.13.</b>
安全策略
</a>
<ul class="articles">
<li class="chapter " data-level="6.13.1" data-path="../practice/open-policy-agent.html">
<a href="../practice/open-policy-agent.html">
<b>6.13.1.</b>
开放策略代理（OPA）
</a>
</li>
<li class="chapter " data-level="6.13.2" data-path="../practice/cloud-native-security.html">
<a href="../practice/cloud-native-security.html">
<b>6.13.2.</b>
云原生安全
</a>
</li>
</ul>
</li>
<li class="header">服务网格</li>
<li class="chapter " data-level="7.1" data-path="../usecases/service-mesh.html">
<a href="../usecases/service-mesh.html">
<b>7.1.</b>
服务网格（Service Mesh）
</a>
</li>
<li class="chapter " data-level="7.2" data-path="../usecases/the-enterprise-path-to-service-mesh-architectures.html">
<a href="../usecases/the-enterprise-path-to-service-mesh-architectures.html">
<b>7.2.</b>
企业级服务网格架构
</a>
<ul class="articles">
<li class="chapter " data-level="7.2.1" data-path="../usecases/service-mesh-fundamental.html">
<a href="../usecases/service-mesh-fundamental.html">
<b>7.2.1.</b>
服务网格基础
</a>
</li>
<li class="chapter " data-level="7.2.2" data-path="../usecases/comparing-service-mesh-technologies.html">
<a href="../usecases/comparing-service-mesh-technologies.html">
<b>7.2.2.</b>
服务网格技术对比
</a>
</li>
<li class="chapter " data-level="7.2.3" data-path="../usecases/service-mesh-vs-api-gateway.html">
<a href="../usecases/service-mesh-vs-api-gateway.html">
<b>7.2.3.</b>
服务网格对比 API 网关
</a>
</li>
<li class="chapter " data-level="7.2.4" data-path="../usecases/service-mesh-adoption-and-evolution.html">
<a href="../usecases/service-mesh-adoption-and-evolution.html">
<b>7.2.4.</b>
采纳和演进
</a>
</li>
<li class="chapter " data-level="7.2.5" data-path="../usecases/service-mesh-customization-and-integration.html">
<a href="../usecases/service-mesh-customization-and-integration.html">
<b>7.2.5.</b>
定制和集成
</a>
</li>
<li class="chapter " data-level="7.2.6" data-path="../usecases/service-mesh-conclusion.html">
<a href="../usecases/service-mesh-conclusion.html">
<b>7.2.6.</b>
总结
</a>
</li>
</ul>
</li>
<li class="chapter " data-level="7.3" data-path="../usecases/istio.html">
<a href="../usecases/istio.html">
<b>7.3.</b>
Istio
</a>
<ul class="articles">
<li class="chapter " data-level="7.3.1" data-path="../usecases/before-using-istio.html">
<a href="../usecases/before-using-istio.html">
<b>7.3.1.</b>
使用 Istio 前需要考虑的问题
</a>
</li>
<li class="chapter " data-level="7.3.2" data-path="../usecases/sidecar-spec-in-istio.html">
<a href="../usecases/sidecar-spec-in-istio.html">
<b>7.3.2.</b>
Istio 中 sidecar 的注入规范及示例
</a>
</li>
<li class="chapter " data-level="7.3.3" data-path="../usecases/istio-community-tips.html">
<a href="../usecases/istio-community-tips.html">
<b>7.3.3.</b>
如何参与 Istio 社区及注意事项
</a>
</li>
<li class="chapter " data-level="7.3.4" data-path="../usecases/istio-tutorials-collection.html">
<a href="../usecases/istio-tutorials-collection.html">
<b>7.3.4.</b>
Istio 免费学习资源汇总
</a>
</li>
<li class="chapter " data-level="7.3.5" data-path="../usecases/understand-sidecar-injection-and-traffic-hijack-in-istio-service-mesh.html">
<a href="../usecases/understand-sidecar-injection-and-traffic-hijack-in-istio-service-mesh.html">
<b>7.3.5.</b>
Sidecar 的注入与流量劫持
</a>
</li>
<li class="chapter " data-level="7.3.6" data-path="../usecases/envoy-sidecar-routing-of-istio-service-mesh-deep-dive.html">
<a href="../usecases/envoy-sidecar-routing-of-istio-service-mesh-deep-dive.html">
<b>7.3.6.</b>
Envoy Sidecar 代理的路由转发
</a>
</li>
<li class="chapter " data-level="7.3.7" data-path="../usecases/how-to-integrate-istio-with-vm.html">
<a href="../usecases/how-to-integrate-istio-with-vm.html">
<b>7.3.7.</b>
Istio 如何支持虚拟机
</a>
</li>
<li class="chapter " data-level="7.3.8" data-path="../usecases/istio-vm-support.html">
<a href="../usecases/istio-vm-support.html">
<b>7.3.8.</b>
Istio 支持虚拟机的历史
</a>
</li>
</ul>
</li>
<li class="chapter " data-level="7.4" data-path="../usecases/envoy.html">
<a href="../usecases/envoy.html">
<b>7.4.</b>
Envoy
</a>
<ul class="articles">
<li class="chapter " data-level="7.4.1" data-path="../usecases/envoy-terminology.html">
<a href="../usecases/envoy-terminology.html">
<b>7.4.1.</b>
Envoy 的架构与基本术语
</a>
</li>
<li class="chapter " data-level="7.4.2" data-path="../usecases/envoy-front-proxy.html">
<a href="../usecases/envoy-front-proxy.html">
<b>7.4.2.</b>
Envoy 作为前端代理
</a>
</li>
<li class="chapter " data-level="7.4.3" data-path="../usecases/envoy-mesh-in-kubernetes-tutorial.html">
<a href="../usecases/envoy-mesh-in-kubernetes-tutorial.html">
<b>7.4.3.</b>
Envoy mesh 教程
</a>
</li>
</ul>
</li>
<li class="header">领域应用</li>
<li class="chapter " data-level="8.1" data-path="../usecases/">
<a href="../usecases/">
<b>8.1.</b>
领域应用概览
</a>
</li>
<li class="chapter " data-level="8.2" data-path="../usecases/microservices.html">
<a href="../usecases/microservices.html">
<b>8.2.</b>
微服务架构
</a>
<ul class="articles">
<li class="chapter " data-level="8.2.1" data-path="../usecases/service-discovery-in-microservices.html">
<a href="../usecases/service-discovery-in-microservices.html">
<b>8.2.1.</b>
微服务中的服务发现
</a>
</li>
<li class="chapter " data-level="8.2.2" data-path="../usecases/microservices-for-java-developers.html">
<a href="../usecases/microservices-for-java-developers.html">
<b>8.2.2.</b>
使用 Java 构建微服务并发布到 Kubernetes 平台
</a>
<ul class="articles">
<li class="chapter " data-level="8.2.2.1" data-path="../usecases/spring-boot-quick-start-guide.html">
<a href="../usecases/spring-boot-quick-start-guide.html">
<b>8.2.2.1.</b>
Spring Boot 快速开始指南
</a>
</li>
</ul>
</li>
</ul>
</li>
<li class="chapter " data-level="8.3" data-path="../usecases/big-data.html">
<a href="../usecases/big-data.html">
<b>8.3.</b>
大数据
</a>
<ul class="articles">
<li class="chapter " data-level="8.3.1" data-path="../usecases/spark-on-kubernetes.html">
<a href="../usecases/spark-on-kubernetes.html">
<b>8.3.1.</b>
Spark 与 Kubernetes
</a>
<ul class="articles">
<li class="chapter " data-level="8.3.1.1" data-path="../usecases/spark-standalone-on-kubernetes.html">
<a href="../usecases/spark-standalone-on-kubernetes.html">
<b>8.3.1.1.</b>
Spark standalone on Kubernetes
</a>
</li>
<li class="chapter " data-level="8.3.1.2" data-path="../usecases/running-spark-with-kubernetes-native-scheduler.html">
<a href="../usecases/running-spark-with-kubernetes-native-scheduler.html">
<b>8.3.1.2.</b>
运行支持 Kubernetes 原生调度的 Spark 程序
</a>
</li>
</ul>
</li>
</ul>
</li>
<li class="chapter " data-level="8.4" data-path="../usecases/serverless.html">
<a href="../usecases/serverless.html">
<b>8.4.</b>
Serverless 架构
</a>
<ul class="articles">
<li class="chapter " data-level="8.4.1" data-path="../usecases/understanding-serverless.html">
<a href="../usecases/understanding-serverless.html">
<b>8.4.1.</b>
理解 Serverless
</a>
</li>
<li class="chapter " data-level="8.4.2" data-path="../usecases/faas.html">
<a href="../usecases/faas.html">
<b>8.4.2.</b>
FaaS（函数即服务）
</a>
<ul class="articles">
<li class="chapter " data-level="8.4.2.1" data-path="../usecases/openfaas-quick-start.html">
<a href="../usecases/openfaas-quick-start.html">
<b>8.4.2.1.</b>
OpenFaaS 快速入门指南
</a>
</li>
</ul>
</li>
<li class="chapter " data-level="8.4.3" data-path="../usecases/knative.html">
<a href="../usecases/knative.html">
<b>8.4.3.</b>
Knative
</a>
</li>
</ul>
</li>
<li class="chapter " data-level="8.5" data-path="../usecases/edge-computing.html">
<a href="../usecases/edge-computing.html">
<b>8.5.</b>
边缘计算
</a>
</li>
<li class="chapter " data-level="8.6" data-path="../usecases/ai.html">
<a href="../usecases/ai.html">
<b>8.6.</b>
人工智能
</a>
</li>
<li class="chapter " data-level="8.7" data-path="../usecases/observability.html">
<a href="../usecases/observability.html">
<b>8.7.</b>
可观察性
</a>
</li>
<li class="header">开发指南</li>
<li class="chapter " data-level="9.1" data-path="../develop/">
<a href="../develop/">
<b>9.1.</b>
开发指南概览
</a>
</li>
<li class="chapter " data-level="9.2" data-path="../develop/sigs-and-working-group.html">
<a href="../develop/sigs-and-working-group.html">
<b>9.2.</b>
SIG 和工作组
</a>
</li>
<li class="chapter " data-level="9.3" data-path="../develop/developing-environment.html">
<a href="../develop/developing-environment.html">
<b>9.3.</b>
开发环境搭建
</a>
<ul class="articles">
<li class="chapter " data-level="9.3.1" data-path="../develop/using-vagrant-and-virtualbox-for-development.html">
<a href="../develop/using-vagrant-and-virtualbox-for-development.html">
<b>9.3.1.</b>
本地分布式开发环境搭建（使用 Vagrant 和 Virtualbox）
</a>
</li>
</ul>
</li>
<li class="chapter " data-level="9.4" data-path="../develop/testing.html">
<a href="../develop/testing.html">
<b>9.4.</b>
单元测试和集成测试
</a>
</li>
<li class="chapter " data-level="9.5" data-path="../develop/client-go-sample.html">
<a href="../develop/client-go-sample.html">
<b>9.5.</b>
client-go 示例
</a>
<ul class="articles">
<li class="chapter " data-level="9.5.1" data-path="../develop/client-go-informer-sourcecode-analyse.html">
<a href="../develop/client-go-informer-sourcecode-analyse.html">
<b>9.5.1.</b>
client-go 中的 informer 源码分析
</a>
</li>
</ul>
</li>
<li class="chapter " data-level="9.6" data-path="../develop/operator.html">
<a href="../develop/operator.html">
<b>9.6.</b>
Operator
</a>
<ul class="articles">
<li class="chapter " data-level="9.6.1" data-path="../develop/operator-sdk.html">
<a href="../develop/operator-sdk.html">
<b>9.6.1.</b>
operator-sdk
</a>
</li>
</ul>
</li>
<li class="chapter " data-level="9.7" data-path="../develop/kubebuilder.html">
<a href="../develop/kubebuilder.html">
<b>9.7.</b>
kubebuilder
</a>
<ul class="articles">
<li class="chapter " data-level="9.7.1" data-path="../develop/kubebuilder-example.html">
<a href="../develop/kubebuilder-example.html">
<b>9.7.1.</b>
使用 kubebuilder 创建 operator 示例
</a>
</li>
</ul>
</li>
<li class="chapter " data-level="9.8" data-path="../develop/advance-developer.html">
<a href="../develop/advance-developer.html">
<b>9.8.</b>
高级开发指南
</a>
</li>
<li class="chapter " data-level="9.9" data-path="../develop/contribute.html">
<a href="../develop/contribute.html">
<b>9.9.</b>
社区贡献
</a>
</li>
<li class="chapter " data-level="9.10" data-path="../develop/minikube.html">
<a href="../develop/minikube.html">
<b>9.10.</b>
Minikube
</a>
</li>
<li class="header">社区及生态</li>
<li class="chapter " data-level="10.1" data-path="../cloud-native/cncf.html">
<a href="../cloud-native/cncf.html">
<b>10.1.</b>
云原生计算基金会（CNCF）
</a>
<ul class="articles">
<li class="chapter " data-level="10.1.1" data-path="../cloud-native/cncf-charter.html">
<a href="../cloud-native/cncf-charter.html">
<b>10.1.1.</b>
CNCF 章程
</a>
</li>
<li class="chapter " data-level="10.1.2" data-path="../cloud-native/cncf-sig.html">
<a href="../cloud-native/cncf-sig.html">
<b>10.1.2.</b>
CNCF 特别兴趣小组（SIG）说明
</a>
</li>
<li class="chapter " data-level="10.1.3" data-path="../cloud-native/cncf-sandbox-criteria.html">
<a href="../cloud-native/cncf-sandbox-criteria.html">
<b>10.1.3.</b>
开源项目加入 CNCF Sandbox 的要求
</a>
</li>
<li class="chapter " data-level="10.1.4" data-path="../cloud-native/cncf-project-governing.html">
<a href="../cloud-native/cncf-project-governing.html">
<b>10.1.4.</b>
CNCF 中的项目治理
</a>
</li>
<li class="chapter " data-level="10.1.5" data-path="../cloud-native/cncf-ambassador.html">
<a href="../cloud-native/cncf-ambassador.html">
<b>10.1.5.</b>
CNCF Ambassador
</a>
</li>
</ul>
</li>
<li class="chapter " data-level="10.2" data-path="../cloud-native/certification.html">
<a href="../cloud-native/certification.html">
<b>10.2.</b>
认证及培训
</a>
<ul class="articles">
<li class="chapter " data-level="10.2.1" data-path="../appendix/about-kcsp.html">
<a href="../appendix/about-kcsp.html">
<b>10.2.1.</b>
认证 Kubernetes 服务提供商（KCSP）说明
</a>
</li>
<li class="chapter " data-level="10.2.2" data-path="../appendix/about-cka-candidate.html">
<a href="../appendix/about-cka-candidate.html">
<b>10.2.2.</b>
认证 Kubernetes 管理员（CKA）说明
</a>
</li>
</ul>
</li>
<li class="header">附录</li>
<li class="chapter " data-level="11.1" data-path="../appendix/">
<a href="../appendix/">
<b>11.1.</b>
附录说明
</a>
</li>
<li class="chapter " data-level="11.2" data-path="../appendix/debug-kubernetes-services.html">
<a href="../appendix/debug-kubernetes-services.html">
<b>11.2.</b>
Kubernetes 中的应用故障排查
</a>
</li>
<li class="chapter " data-level="11.3" data-path="../appendix/material-share.html">
<a href="../appendix/material-share.html">
<b>11.3.</b>
Kubernetes 参考资源
</a>
</li>
<li class="chapter " data-level="11.4" data-path="../appendix/tricks.html">
<a href="../appendix/tricks.html">
<b>11.4.</b>
Kubernetes 使用技巧
</a>
</li>
<li class="chapter " data-level="11.5" data-path="../appendix/issues.html">
<a href="../appendix/issues.html">
<b>11.5.</b>
Kubernetes 相关问题记录
</a>
</li>
<li class="chapter " data-level="11.6" data-path="../appendix/summary-and-outlook.html">
<a href="../appendix/summary-and-outlook.html">
<b>11.6.</b>
Kubernetes 及云原生年度总结及展望
</a>
<ul class="articles">
<li class="chapter " data-level="11.6.1" data-path="../appendix/kubernetes-and-cloud-native-summary-in-2017-and-outlook-for-2018.html">
<a href="../appendix/kubernetes-and-cloud-native-summary-in-2017-and-outlook-for-2018.html">
<b>11.6.1.</b>
Kubernetes 与云原生 2017 年年终总结及 2018 年展望
</a>
</li>
<li class="chapter " data-level="11.6.2" data-path="../appendix/kubernetes-and-cloud-native-summary-in-2018-and-outlook-for-2019.html">
<a href="../appendix/kubernetes-and-cloud-native-summary-in-2018-and-outlook-for-2019.html">
<b>11.6.2.</b>
Kubernetes 与云原生 2018 年年终总结及 2019 年展望
</a>
</li>
</ul>
</li>
<li class="chapter " data-level="11.7" data-path="../appendix/cncf-annual-report.html">
<a href="../appendix/cncf-annual-report.html">
<b>11.7.</b>
CNCF 年度报告解读
</a>
<ul class="articles">
<li class="chapter " data-level="11.7.1" data-path="../appendix/cncf-annual-report-2018.html">
<a href="../appendix/cncf-annual-report-2018.html">
<b>11.7.1.</b>
CNCF 2018 年年度报告解读
</a>
</li>
<li class="chapter " data-level="11.7.2" data-path="../appendix/cncf-annual-report-2020.html">
<a href="../appendix/cncf-annual-report-2020.html">
<b>11.7.2.</b>
CNCF 2020 年年度报告解读
</a>
</li>
</ul>
</li>
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<section class="normal markdown-section">
<h1 id="deployment">Deployment</h1>
<p>Deployment &#x4E3A; Pod &#x548C; ReplicaSet &#x63D0;&#x4F9B;&#x4E86;&#x4E00;&#x4E2A;&#x58F0;&#x660E;&#x5F0F;&#x5B9A;&#x4E49;&#xFF08;declarative&#xFF09;&#x65B9;&#x6CD5;&#xFF0C;&#x7528;&#x6765;&#x66FF;&#x4EE3;&#x4EE5;&#x524D;&#x7684; ReplicationController &#x6765;&#x65B9;&#x4FBF;&#x7684;&#x7BA1;&#x7406;&#x5E94;&#x7528;&#x3002;&#x5178;&#x578B;&#x7684;&#x5E94;&#x7528;&#x573A;&#x666F;&#x5305;&#x62EC;&#xFF1A;</p>
<ul>
<li>&#x5B9A;&#x4E49; Deployment &#x6765;&#x521B;&#x5EFA; Pod &#x548C; ReplicaSet</li>
<li>&#x6EDA;&#x52A8;&#x5347;&#x7EA7;&#x548C;&#x56DE;&#x6EDA;&#x5E94;&#x7528;</li>
<li>&#x6269;&#x5BB9;&#x548C;&#x7F29;&#x5BB9;</li>
<li>&#x6682;&#x505C;&#x548C;&#x7EE7;&#x7EED; Deployment</li>
</ul>
<p>&#x6BD4;&#x5982;&#x4E00;&#x4E2A;&#x7B80;&#x5355;&#x7684; nginx &#x5E94;&#x7528;&#x53EF;&#x4EE5;&#x5B9A;&#x4E49;&#x4E3A;&#xFF1A;</p>
<pre class="language-"><code class="lang-yaml"><span class="token key atrule">apiVersion</span><span class="token punctuation">:</span> extensions/v1beta1
<span class="token key atrule">kind</span><span class="token punctuation">:</span> Deployment
<span class="token key atrule">metadata</span><span class="token punctuation">:</span>
<span class="token key atrule">name</span><span class="token punctuation">:</span> nginx<span class="token punctuation">-</span>deployment
<span class="token key atrule">spec</span><span class="token punctuation">:</span>
<span class="token key atrule">replicas</span><span class="token punctuation">:</span> <span class="token number">3</span>
<span class="token key atrule">template</span><span class="token punctuation">:</span>
<span class="token key atrule">metadata</span><span class="token punctuation">:</span>
<span class="token key atrule">labels</span><span class="token punctuation">:</span>
<span class="token key atrule">app</span><span class="token punctuation">:</span> nginx
<span class="token key atrule">spec</span><span class="token punctuation">:</span>
<span class="token key atrule">containers</span><span class="token punctuation">:</span>
<span class="token punctuation">-</span> <span class="token key atrule">name</span><span class="token punctuation">:</span> nginx
<span class="token key atrule">image</span><span class="token punctuation">:</span> nginx<span class="token punctuation">:</span>1.7.9
<span class="token key atrule">ports</span><span class="token punctuation">:</span>
<span class="token punctuation">-</span> <span class="token key atrule">containerPort</span><span class="token punctuation">:</span> <span class="token number">80</span>
</code></pre>
<p>&#x6269;&#x5BB9;&#xFF1A;</p>
<pre class="language-"><code class="lang-bash">kubectl scale deployment nginx-deployment --replicas <span class="token number">10</span>
</code></pre>
<p>&#x5982;&#x679C;&#x96C6;&#x7FA4;&#x652F;&#x6301; horizontal pod autoscaling &#x7684;&#x8BDD;&#xFF0C;&#x8FD8;&#x53EF;&#x4EE5;&#x4E3A; Deployment &#x8BBE;&#x7F6E;&#x81EA;&#x52A8;&#x6269;&#x5C55;&#xFF1A;</p>
<pre class="language-"><code class="lang-bash">kubectl autoscale deployment nginx-deployment --min<span class="token operator">=</span><span class="token number">10</span> --max<span class="token operator">=</span><span class="token number">15</span> --cpu-percent<span class="token operator">=</span><span class="token number">80</span>
</code></pre>
<p>&#x66F4;&#x65B0;&#x955C;&#x50CF;&#x4E5F;&#x6BD4;&#x8F83;&#x7B80;&#x5355;&#xFF1A;</p>
<pre class="language-"><code class="lang-bash">kubectl <span class="token builtin class-name">set</span> image deployment/nginx-deployment <span class="token assign-left variable">nginx</span><span class="token operator">=</span>nginx:1.9.1
</code></pre>
<p>&#x56DE;&#x6EDA;&#xFF1A;</p>
<pre class="language-"><code class="lang-bash">kubectl rollout undo deployment/nginx-deployment
</code></pre>
<h2 id="deployment-&#x7ED3;&#x6784;&#x793A;&#x610F;&#x56FE;">Deployment &#x7ED3;&#x6784;&#x793A;&#x610F;&#x56FE;</h2>
<figure id="fig4.4.1.1"><a href="../images/deployment-cheatsheet.png" data-lightbox="c9478762-b204-47c1-bf0e-460ac4a9b5a8" data-title="kubernetes deployment cheatsheet"><img src="../images/deployment-cheatsheet.png" alt="kubernetes deployment cheatsheet"></a><figcaption>&#x56FE; 4.4.1.1&#xFF1A;kubernetes deployment cheatsheet</figcaption></figure>
<h2 id="deployment-&#x6982;&#x5FF5;&#x8BE6;&#x7EC6;&#x89E3;&#x6790;">Deployment &#x6982;&#x5FF5;&#x8BE6;&#x7EC6;&#x89E3;&#x6790;</h2>
<p>&#x672C;&#x6587;&#x7FFB;&#x8BD1;&#x81EA; kubernetes &#x5B98;&#x65B9;&#x6587;&#x6863;&#xFF1A;<a href="https://kubernetes.io/docs/concepts/workloads/controllers/deployment" target="_blank">https://kubernetes.io/docs/concepts/workloads/controllers/deployment</a></p>
<p>&#x6839;&#x636E; 2017 &#x5E74; 5 &#x6708; 10 &#x65E5;&#x7684; Commit 8481c02 &#x7FFB;&#x8BD1;&#x3002;</p>
<h2 id="deployment-&#x662F;&#x4EC0;&#x4E48;&#xFF1F;">Deployment &#x662F;&#x4EC0;&#x4E48;&#xFF1F;</h2>
<p>Deployment &#x4E3A; Pod &#x548C; Replica Set&#xFF08;&#x4E0B;&#x4E00;&#x4EE3; Replication Controller&#xFF09;&#x63D0;&#x4F9B;&#x58F0;&#x660E;&#x5F0F;&#x66F4;&#x65B0;&#x3002;</p>
<p>&#x60A8;&#x53EA;&#x9700;&#x8981;&#x5728; Deployment &#x4E2D;&#x63CF;&#x8FF0;&#x60A8;&#x60F3;&#x8981;&#x7684;&#x76EE;&#x6807;&#x72B6;&#x6001;&#x662F;&#x4EC0;&#x4E48;&#xFF0C;Deployment controller &#x5C31;&#x4F1A;&#x5E2E;&#x60A8;&#x5C06; Pod &#x548C; ReplicaSet &#x7684;&#x5B9E;&#x9645;&#x72B6;&#x6001;&#x6539;&#x53D8;&#x5230;&#x60A8;&#x7684;&#x76EE;&#x6807;&#x72B6;&#x6001;&#x3002;&#x60A8;&#x53EF;&#x4EE5;&#x5B9A;&#x4E49;&#x4E00;&#x4E2A;&#x5168;&#x65B0;&#x7684; Deployment &#x6765;&#x521B;&#x5EFA; ReplicaSet &#x6216;&#x8005;&#x5220;&#x9664;&#x5DF2;&#x6709;&#x7684; Deployment &#x5E76;&#x521B;&#x5EFA;&#x4E00;&#x4E2A;&#x65B0;&#x7684;&#x6765;&#x66FF;&#x6362;&#x3002;</p>
<p><strong>&#x6CE8;&#x610F;</strong>&#xFF1A;&#x60A8;&#x4E0D;&#x8BE5;&#x624B;&#x52A8;&#x7BA1;&#x7406;&#x7531; Deployment &#x521B;&#x5EFA;&#x7684; ReplicaSet&#xFF0C;&#x5426;&#x5219;&#x60A8;&#x5C31;&#x7BE1;&#x8D8A;&#x4E86; Deployment controller &#x7684;&#x804C;&#x8D23;&#xFF01;&#x4E0B;&#x6587;&#x7F57;&#x5217;&#x4E86; Deployment &#x5BF9;&#x8C61;&#x4E2D;&#x5DF2;&#x7ECF;&#x8986;&#x76D6;&#x4E86;&#x6240;&#x6709;&#x7684;&#x7528;&#x4F8B;&#x3002;&#x5982;&#x679C;&#x672A;&#x6709;&#x8986;&#x76D6;&#x60A8;&#x6240;&#x6709;&#x9700;&#x8981;&#x7684;&#x7528;&#x4F8B;&#xFF0C;&#x8BF7;&#x76F4;&#x63A5;&#x5728; Kubernetes &#x7684;&#x4EE3;&#x7801;&#x5E93;&#x4E2D;&#x63D0; issue&#x3002;</p>
<p>&#x5178;&#x578B;&#x7684;&#x7528;&#x4F8B;&#x5982;&#x4E0B;&#xFF1A;</p>
<ul>
<li>&#x4F7F;&#x7528; Deployment &#x6765;&#x521B;&#x5EFA; ReplicaSet&#x3002;ReplicaSet &#x5728;&#x540E;&#x53F0;&#x521B;&#x5EFA; pod&#x3002;&#x68C0;&#x67E5;&#x542F;&#x52A8;&#x72B6;&#x6001;&#xFF0C;&#x770B;&#x5B83;&#x662F;&#x6210;&#x529F;&#x8FD8;&#x662F;&#x5931;&#x8D25;&#x3002;</li>
<li>&#x7136;&#x540E;&#xFF0C;&#x901A;&#x8FC7;&#x66F4;&#x65B0; Deployment &#x7684; PodTemplateSpec &#x5B57;&#x6BB5;&#x6765;&#x58F0;&#x660E; Pod &#x7684;&#x65B0;&#x72B6;&#x6001;&#x3002;&#x8FD9;&#x4F1A;&#x521B;&#x5EFA;&#x4E00;&#x4E2A;&#x65B0;&#x7684; ReplicaSet&#xFF0C;Deployment &#x4F1A;&#x6309;&#x7167;&#x63A7;&#x5236;&#x7684;&#x901F;&#x7387;&#x5C06; pod &#x4ECE;&#x65E7;&#x7684; ReplicaSet &#x79FB;&#x52A8;&#x5230;&#x65B0;&#x7684; ReplicaSet &#x4E2D;&#x3002;</li>
<li>&#x5982;&#x679C;&#x5F53;&#x524D;&#x72B6;&#x6001;&#x4E0D;&#x7A33;&#x5B9A;&#xFF0C;&#x56DE;&#x6EDA;&#x5230;&#x4E4B;&#x524D;&#x7684; Deployment revision&#x3002;&#x6BCF;&#x6B21;&#x56DE;&#x6EDA;&#x90FD;&#x4F1A;&#x66F4;&#x65B0; Deployment &#x7684; revision&#x3002;</li>
<li>&#x6269;&#x5BB9; Deployment &#x4EE5;&#x6EE1;&#x8DB3;&#x66F4;&#x9AD8;&#x7684;&#x8D1F;&#x8F7D;&#x3002;</li>
<li>&#x6682;&#x505C; Deployment &#x6765;&#x5E94;&#x7528; PodTemplateSpec &#x7684;&#x591A;&#x4E2A;&#x4FEE;&#x590D;&#xFF0C;&#x7136;&#x540E;&#x6062;&#x590D;&#x4E0A;&#x7EBF;&#x3002;</li>
<li>&#x6839;&#x636E; Deployment &#x7684;&#x72B6;&#x6001;&#x5224;&#x65AD;&#x4E0A;&#x7EBF;&#x662F;&#x5426; hang &#x4F4F;&#x4E86;&#x3002;</li>
<li>&#x6E05;&#x9664;&#x65E7;&#x7684;&#x4E0D;&#x5FC5;&#x8981;&#x7684; ReplicaSet&#x3002;</li>
</ul>
<h2 id="&#x521B;&#x5EFA;-deployment">&#x521B;&#x5EFA; Deployment</h2>
<p>&#x4E0B;&#x9762;&#x662F;&#x4E00;&#x4E2A; Deployment &#x793A;&#x4F8B;&#xFF0C;&#x5B83;&#x521B;&#x5EFA;&#x4E86;&#x4E00;&#x4E2A; ReplicaSet &#x6765;&#x542F;&#x52A8; 3 &#x4E2A; nginx pod&#x3002;</p>
<p>&#x4E0B;&#x8F7D;&#x793A;&#x4F8B;&#x6587;&#x4EF6;&#x5E76;&#x6267;&#x884C;&#x547D;&#x4EE4;&#xFF1A;</p>
<pre class="language-"><code class="lang-bash">$ kubectl create -f https://kubernetes.io/docs/user-guide/nginx-deployment.yaml --record
deployment <span class="token string">&quot;nginx-deployment&quot;</span> created
</code></pre>
<p>&#x5C06; kubectl &#x7684;<code>--record</code>&#x7684; flag &#x8BBE;&#x7F6E;&#x4E3A;<code>true</code> &#x53EF;&#x4EE5;&#x5728; annotation &#x4E2D;&#x8BB0;&#x5F55;&#x5F53;&#x524D;&#x547D;&#x4EE4;&#x521B;&#x5EFA;&#x6216;&#x8005;&#x5347;&#x7EA7;&#x4E86;&#x8BE5;&#x8D44;&#x6E90;&#x3002;&#x8FD9;&#x5728;&#x672A;&#x6765;&#x4F1A;&#x5F88;&#x6709;&#x7528;&#xFF0C;&#x4F8B;&#x5982;&#xFF0C;&#x67E5;&#x770B;&#x5728;&#x6BCF;&#x4E2A; Deployment revision &#x4E2D;&#x6267;&#x884C;&#x4E86;&#x54EA;&#x4E9B;&#x547D;&#x4EE4;&#x3002;</p>
<p>&#x7136;&#x540E;&#x7ACB;&#x5373;&#x6267;&#x884C; <code>get</code> &#x5C06;&#x83B7;&#x5F97;&#x5982;&#x4E0B;&#x7ED3;&#x679C;&#xFF1A;</p>
<pre class="language-"><code class="lang-bash">$ kubectl get deployments
NAME DESIRED CURRENT UP-TO-DATE AVAILABLE AGE
nginx-deployment <span class="token number">3</span> <span class="token number">0</span> <span class="token number">0</span> <span class="token number">0</span> 1s
</code></pre>
<p>&#x8F93;&#x51FA;&#x7ED3;&#x679C;&#x8868;&#x660E;&#x6211;&#x4EEC;&#x5E0C;&#x671B;&#x7684; repalica &#x6570;&#x662F; 3&#xFF08;&#x6839;&#x636E; deployment &#x4E2D;&#x7684;<code>.spec.replicas</code>&#x914D;&#x7F6E;&#xFF09;&#x5F53;&#x524D; replica &#x6570;&#xFF08;<code>.status.replicas</code>&#xFF09;&#x662F; 0, &#x6700;&#x65B0;&#x7684; replica &#x6570;&#xFF08;<code>.status.updatedReplicas</code>&#xFF09;&#x662F; 0&#xFF0C;&#x53EF;&#x7528;&#x7684; replica &#x6570;&#xFF08;<code>.status.availableReplicas</code>&#xFF09;&#x662F; 0&#x3002;</p>
<p>&#x8FC7;&#x51E0;&#x79D2;&#x540E;&#x518D;&#x6267;&#x884C; <code>get</code> &#x547D;&#x4EE4;&#xFF0C;&#x5C06;&#x83B7;&#x5F97;&#x5982;&#x4E0B;&#x8F93;&#x51FA;&#xFF1A;</p>
<pre class="language-"><code class="lang-bash">$ kubectl get deployments
NAME DESIRED CURRENT UP-TO-DATE AVAILABLE AGE
nginx-deployment <span class="token number">3</span> <span class="token number">3</span> <span class="token number">3</span> <span class="token number">3</span> 18s
</code></pre>
<p>&#x6211;&#x4EEC;&#x53EF;&#x4EE5;&#x770B;&#x5230; Deployment &#x5DF2;&#x7ECF;&#x521B;&#x5EFA;&#x4E86; 3 &#x4E2A; replica&#xFF0C;&#x6240;&#x6709;&#x7684; replica &#x90FD;&#x5DF2;&#x7ECF;&#x662F;&#x6700;&#x65B0;&#x7684;&#x4E86;&#xFF08;&#x5305;&#x542B;&#x6700;&#x65B0;&#x7684; pod template&#xFF09;&#xFF0C;&#x53EF;&#x7528;&#x7684;&#xFF08;&#x6839;&#x636E; Deployment &#x4E2D;&#x7684;<code>.spec.minReadySeconds</code>&#x58F0;&#x660E;&#xFF0C;&#x5904;&#x4E8E;&#x5DF2;&#x5C31;&#x7EEA;&#x72B6;&#x6001;&#x7684; pod &#x7684;&#x6700;&#x5C11;&#x4E2A;&#x6570;&#xFF09;&#x3002;&#x6267;&#x884C;<code>kubectl get rs</code>&#x548C;<code>kubectl get pods</code>&#x4F1A;&#x663E;&#x793A; Replica Set&#xFF08;RS&#xFF09;&#x548C; Pod &#x5DF2;&#x521B;&#x5EFA;&#x3002;</p>
<pre class="language-"><code class="lang-bash">$ kubectl get rs
NAME DESIRED CURRENT READY AGE
nginx-deployment-2035384211 <span class="token number">3</span> <span class="token number">3</span> <span class="token number">0</span> 18s
</code></pre>
<p>&#x60A8;&#x53EF;&#x80FD;&#x4F1A;&#x6CE8;&#x610F;&#x5230; ReplicaSet &#x7684;&#x540D;&#x5B57;&#x603B;&#x662F;<code><span class="token tag"><span class="token tag"><span class="token punctuation">&lt;</span>Deployment</span> <span class="token attr-name">&#x7684;&#x540D;&#x5B57;</span><span class="token punctuation">&gt;</span></span>-<span class="token tag"><span class="token tag"><span class="token punctuation">&lt;</span>pod</span> <span class="token attr-name">template</span> <span class="token attr-name">&#x7684;</span> <span class="token attr-name">hash</span> <span class="token attr-name">&#x503C;</span><span class="token punctuation">&gt;</span></span></code>&#x3002;</p>
<pre class="language-"><code class="lang-bash">$ kubectl get pods --show-labels
NAME READY STATUS RESTARTS AGE LABELS
nginx-deployment-2035384211-7ci7o <span class="token number">1</span>/1 Running <span class="token number">0</span> 18s <span class="token assign-left variable">app</span><span class="token operator">=</span>nginx,pod-template-hash<span class="token operator">=</span><span class="token number">2035384211</span>
nginx-deployment-2035384211-kzszj <span class="token number">1</span>/1 Running <span class="token number">0</span> 18s <span class="token assign-left variable">app</span><span class="token operator">=</span>nginx,pod-template-hash<span class="token operator">=</span><span class="token number">2035384211</span>
nginx-deployment-2035384211-qqcnn <span class="token number">1</span>/1 Running <span class="token number">0</span> 18s <span class="token assign-left variable">app</span><span class="token operator">=</span>nginx,pod-template-hash<span class="token operator">=</span><span class="token number">2035384211</span>
</code></pre>
<p>&#x521A;&#x521B;&#x5EFA;&#x7684; Replica Set &#x5C06;&#x4FDD;&#x8BC1;&#x603B;&#x662F;&#x6709; 3 &#x4E2A; nginx &#x7684; pod &#x5B58;&#x5728;&#x3002;</p>
<p><strong>&#x6CE8;&#x610F;&#xFF1A;</strong> &#x60A8;&#x5FC5;&#x987B;&#x5728; Deployment &#x4E2D;&#x7684; selector &#x6307;&#x5B9A;&#x6B63;&#x786E;&#x7684; pod template label&#xFF08;&#x5728;&#x8BE5;&#x793A;&#x4F8B;&#x4E2D;&#x662F; <code>app = nginx</code>&#xFF09;&#xFF0C;&#x4E0D;&#x8981;&#x8DDF;&#x5176;&#x4ED6;&#x7684; controller &#x7684; selector &#x4E2D;&#x6307;&#x5B9A;&#x7684; pod template label &#x641E;&#x6DF7;&#x4E86;&#xFF08;&#x5305;&#x62EC; Deployment&#x3001;Replica Set&#x3001;Replication Controller &#x7B49;&#xFF09;&#x3002;<strong>Kubernetes &#x672C;&#x8EAB;&#x5E76;&#x4E0D;&#x4F1A;&#x963B;&#x6B62;&#x60A8;&#x4EFB;&#x610F;&#x6307;&#x5B9A; pod template label</strong>&#xFF0C;&#x4F46;&#x662F;&#x5982;&#x679C;&#x60A8;&#x771F;&#x7684;&#x8FD9;&#x4E48;&#x505A;&#x4E86;&#xFF0C;&#x8FD9;&#x4E9B; controller &#x4E4B;&#x95F4;&#x4F1A;&#x76F8;&#x4E92;&#x6253;&#x67B6;&#xFF0C;&#x5E76;&#x53EF;&#x80FD;&#x5BFC;&#x81F4;&#x4E0D;&#x6B63;&#x786E;&#x7684;&#x884C;&#x4E3A;&#x3002;</p>
<h3 id="pod-template-hash-label">Pod-template-hash label</h3>
<p><strong>&#x6CE8;&#x610F;</strong>&#xFF1A;&#x8FD9;&#x4E2A; label &#x4E0D;&#x662F;&#x7528;&#x6237;&#x6307;&#x5B9A;&#x7684;&#xFF01;</p>
<p>&#x6CE8;&#x610F;&#x4E0A;&#x9762;&#x793A;&#x4F8B;&#x8F93;&#x51FA;&#x4E2D;&#x7684; pod label &#x91CC;&#x7684; pod-template-hash label&#x3002;&#x5F53; Deployment &#x521B;&#x5EFA;&#x6216;&#x8005;&#x63A5;&#x7BA1; ReplicaSet &#x65F6;&#xFF0C;Deployment controller &#x4F1A;&#x81EA;&#x52A8;&#x4E3A; Pod &#x6DFB;&#x52A0; pod-template-hash label&#x3002;&#x8FD9;&#x6837;&#x505A;&#x7684;&#x76EE;&#x7684;&#x662F;&#x9632;&#x6B62; Deployment &#x7684;&#x5B50; ReplicaSet &#x7684; pod &#x540D;&#x5B57;&#x91CD;&#x590D;&#x3002;&#x901A;&#x8FC7;&#x5C06; ReplicaSet &#x7684; PodTemplate &#x8FDB;&#x884C;&#x54C8;&#x5E0C;&#x6563;&#x5217;&#xFF0C;&#x4F7F;&#x7528;&#x751F;&#x6210;&#x7684;&#x54C8;&#x5E0C;&#x503C;&#x4F5C;&#x4E3A; label &#x7684;&#x503C;&#xFF0C;&#x5E76;&#x6DFB;&#x52A0;&#x5230; ReplicaSet selector &#x91CC;&#x3001; pod template label &#x548C; ReplicaSet &#x7BA1;&#x7406;&#x4E2D;&#x7684; Pod &#x4E0A;&#x3002;</p>
<h2 id="&#x66F4;&#x65B0;-deployment">&#x66F4;&#x65B0; Deployment</h2>
<p><strong>&#x6CE8;&#x610F;&#xFF1A;</strong>Deployment &#x7684; rollout &#x5F53;&#x4E14;&#x4EC5;&#x5F53; Deployment &#x7684; pod template&#xFF08;&#x4F8B;&#x5982; <code>.spec.template</code>&#xFF09;&#x4E2D;&#x7684; label &#x66F4;&#x65B0;&#x6216;&#x8005;&#x955C;&#x50CF;&#x66F4;&#x6539;&#x65F6;&#x88AB;&#x89E6;&#x53D1;&#x3002;&#x5176;&#x4ED6;&#x66F4;&#x65B0;&#xFF0C;&#x4F8B;&#x5982;&#x6269;&#x5BB9; Deployment &#x4E0D;&#x4F1A;&#x89E6;&#x53D1; rollout&#x3002;</p>
<p>&#x5047;&#x5982;&#x6211;&#x4EEC;&#x73B0;&#x5728;&#x60F3;&#x8981;&#x8BA9; nginx pod &#x4F7F;&#x7528; <code>nginx:1.9.1</code> &#x7684;&#x955C;&#x50CF;&#x6765;&#x4EE3;&#x66FF;&#x539F;&#x6765;&#x7684; <code>nginx:1.7.9</code> &#x7684;&#x955C;&#x50CF;&#x3002;</p>
<pre class="language-"><code class="lang-bash">$ kubectl <span class="token builtin class-name">set</span> image deployment/nginx-deployment <span class="token assign-left variable">nginx</span><span class="token operator">=</span>nginx:1.9.1
deployment <span class="token string">&quot;nginx-deployment&quot;</span> image updated
</code></pre>
<p>&#x6211;&#x4EEC;&#x53EF;&#x4EE5;&#x4F7F;&#x7528;<code>edit</code>&#x547D;&#x4EE4;&#x6765;&#x7F16;&#x8F91; Deployment&#xFF0C;&#x4FEE;&#x6539;<code>.spec.template.spec.containers [0].image</code>&#xFF0C;&#x5C06;<code>nginx:1.7.9</code>&#x6539;&#x5199;&#x6210;<code>nginx:1.9.1</code>&#x3002;</p>
<pre class="language-"><code class="lang-bash">$ kubectl edit deployment/nginx-deployment
deployment <span class="token string">&quot;nginx-deployment&quot;</span> edited
</code></pre>
<p>&#x67E5;&#x770B; rollout &#x7684;&#x72B6;&#x6001;&#xFF0C;&#x53EA;&#x8981;&#x6267;&#x884C;&#xFF1A;</p>
<pre class="language-"><code class="lang-bash">$ kubectl rollout status deployment/nginx-deployment
Waiting <span class="token keyword">for</span> rollout to finish: <span class="token number">2</span> out of <span class="token number">3</span> new replicas have been updated<span class="token punctuation">..</span>.
deployment <span class="token string">&quot;nginx-deployment&quot;</span> successfully rolled out
</code></pre>
<p>Rollout &#x6210;&#x529F;&#x540E;&#xFF0C;<code>get</code>Deployment&#xFF1A;</p>
<pre class="language-"><code class="lang-bash">$ kubectl get deployments
NAME DESIRED CURRENT UP-TO-DATE AVAILABLE AGE
nginx-deployment <span class="token number">3</span> <span class="token number">3</span> <span class="token number">3</span> <span class="token number">3</span> 36s
</code></pre>
<p>UP-TO-DATE &#x7684; replica &#x7684;&#x6570;&#x76EE;&#x5DF2;&#x7ECF;&#x8FBE;&#x5230;&#x4E86;&#x914D;&#x7F6E;&#x4E2D;&#x8981;&#x6C42;&#x7684;&#x6570;&#x76EE;&#x3002;</p>
<p>CURRENT &#x7684; replica &#x6570;&#x8868;&#x793A; Deployment &#x7BA1;&#x7406;&#x7684; replica &#x6570;&#x91CF;&#xFF0C;AVAILABLE &#x7684; replica &#x6570;&#x662F;&#x5F53;&#x524D;&#x53EF;&#x7528;&#x7684; replica &#x6570;&#x91CF;&#x3002;</p>
<p>&#x6211;&#x4EEC;&#x901A;&#x8FC7;&#x6267;&#x884C; <code>kubectl get rs</code> &#x53EF;&#x4EE5;&#x770B;&#x5230; Deployment &#x66F4;&#x65B0;&#x4E86; Pod&#xFF0C;&#x901A;&#x8FC7;&#x521B;&#x5EFA;&#x4E00;&#x4E2A;&#x65B0;&#x7684; ReplicaSet &#x5E76;&#x6269;&#x5BB9;&#x4E86; 3 &#x4E2A; replica&#xFF0C;&#x540C;&#x65F6;&#x5C06;&#x539F;&#x6765;&#x7684; ReplicaSet &#x7F29;&#x5BB9;&#x5230;&#x4E86; 0 &#x4E2A; replica&#x3002;</p>
<pre class="language-"><code class="lang-bash">$ kubectl get rs
NAME DESIRED CURRENT READY AGE
nginx-deployment-1564180365 <span class="token number">3</span> <span class="token number">3</span> <span class="token number">0</span> 6s
nginx-deployment-2035384211 <span class="token number">0</span> <span class="token number">0</span> <span class="token number">0</span> 36s
</code></pre>
<p>&#x6267;&#x884C;<code>get pods</code>&#x53EA;&#x4F1A;&#x770B;&#x5230;&#x5F53;&#x524D;&#x7684;&#x65B0;&#x7684; pod&#xFF1A;</p>
<pre class="language-"><code class="lang-bash">$ kubectl get pods
NAME READY STATUS RESTARTS AGE
nginx-deployment-1564180365-khku8 <span class="token number">1</span>/1 Running <span class="token number">0</span> 14s
nginx-deployment-1564180365-nacti <span class="token number">1</span>/1 Running <span class="token number">0</span> 14s
nginx-deployment-1564180365-z9gth <span class="token number">1</span>/1 Running <span class="token number">0</span> 14s
</code></pre>
<p>&#x4E0B;&#x6B21;&#x66F4;&#x65B0;&#x8FD9;&#x4E9B; pod &#x7684;&#x65F6;&#x5019;&#xFF0C;&#x53EA;&#x9700;&#x8981;&#x66F4;&#x65B0; Deployment &#x4E2D;&#x7684; pod &#x7684; template &#x5373;&#x53EF;&#x3002;</p>
<p>Deployment &#x53EF;&#x4EE5;&#x4FDD;&#x8BC1;&#x5728;&#x5347;&#x7EA7;&#x65F6;&#x53EA;&#x6709;&#x4E00;&#x5B9A;&#x6570;&#x91CF;&#x7684; Pod &#x662F; down &#x7684;&#x3002;&#x9ED8;&#x8BA4;&#x7684;&#xFF0C;&#x5B83;&#x4F1A;&#x786E;&#x4FDD;&#x81F3;&#x5C11;&#x6709;&#x6BD4;&#x671F;&#x671B;&#x7684; Pod &#x6570;&#x91CF;&#x5C11;&#x4E00;&#x4E2A;&#x662F; up &#x72B6;&#x6001;&#xFF08;&#x6700;&#x591A;&#x4E00;&#x4E2A;&#x4E0D;&#x53EF;&#x7528;&#xFF09;&#x3002;</p>
<p>Deployment &#x540C;&#x65F6;&#x4E5F;&#x53EF;&#x4EE5;&#x786E;&#x4FDD;&#x53EA;&#x521B;&#x5EFA;&#x51FA;&#x8D85;&#x8FC7;&#x671F;&#x671B;&#x6570;&#x91CF;&#x7684;&#x4E00;&#x5B9A;&#x6570;&#x91CF;&#x7684; Pod&#x3002;&#x9ED8;&#x8BA4;&#x7684;&#xFF0C;&#x5B83;&#x4F1A;&#x786E;&#x4FDD;&#x6700;&#x591A;&#x6BD4;&#x671F;&#x671B;&#x7684; Pod &#x6570;&#x91CF;&#x591A;&#x4E00;&#x4E2A;&#x7684; Pod &#x662F; up &#x7684;&#xFF08;&#x6700;&#x591A; 1 &#x4E2A; surge &#xFF09;&#x3002;</p>
<p><strong>&#x5728;&#x672A;&#x6765;&#x7684; Kuberentes &#x7248;&#x672C;&#x4E2D;&#xFF0C;&#x5C06;&#x4ECE; 1-1 &#x53D8;&#x6210; 25%-25%&#x3002;</strong></p>
<p>&#x4F8B;&#x5982;&#xFF0C;&#x5982;&#x679C;&#x60A8;&#x81EA;&#x5DF1;&#x770B;&#x4E0B;&#x4E0A;&#x9762;&#x7684; Deployment&#xFF0C;&#x60A8;&#x4F1A;&#x53D1;&#x73B0;&#xFF0C;&#x5F00;&#x59CB;&#x521B;&#x5EFA;&#x4E00;&#x4E2A;&#x65B0;&#x7684; Pod&#xFF0C;&#x7136;&#x540E;&#x5220;&#x9664;&#x4E00;&#x4E9B;&#x65E7;&#x7684; Pod &#x518D;&#x521B;&#x5EFA;&#x4E00;&#x4E2A;&#x65B0;&#x7684;&#x3002;&#x5F53;&#x65B0;&#x7684; Pod &#x521B;&#x5EFA;&#x51FA;&#x6765;&#x4E4B;&#x524D;&#x4E0D;&#x4F1A;&#x6740;&#x6389;&#x65E7;&#x7684; Pod&#x3002;&#x8FD9;&#x6837;&#x80FD;&#x591F;&#x786E;&#x4FDD;&#x53EF;&#x7528;&#x7684; Pod &#x6570;&#x91CF;&#x81F3;&#x5C11;&#x6709; 2 &#x4E2A;&#xFF0C;Pod &#x7684;&#x603B;&#x6570;&#x6700;&#x591A; 4 &#x4E2A;&#x3002;</p>
<pre class="language-"><code class="lang-bash">$ kubectl describe deployments
Name: nginx-deployment
Namespace: default
CreationTimestamp: Tue, <span class="token number">15</span> Mar <span class="token number">2016</span> <span class="token number">12</span>:01:06 -0700
Labels: <span class="token assign-left variable">app</span><span class="token operator">=</span>nginx
Selector: <span class="token assign-left variable">app</span><span class="token operator">=</span>nginx
Replicas: <span class="token number">3</span> updated <span class="token operator">|</span> <span class="token number">3</span> total <span class="token operator">|</span> <span class="token number">3</span> available <span class="token operator">|</span> <span class="token number">0</span> unavailable
StrategyType: RollingUpdate
MinReadySeconds: <span class="token number">0</span>
RollingUpdateStrategy: <span class="token number">1</span> max unavailable, <span class="token number">1</span> max surge
OldReplicaSets: <span class="token operator">&lt;</span>none<span class="token operator">&gt;</span>
NewReplicaSet: nginx-deployment-1564180365 <span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token number">3</span>/3 replicas created<span class="token punctuation">)</span>
Events:
FirstSeen LastSeen Count From SubobjectPath Type Reason Message
--------- -------- ----- ---- ------------- -------- ------ -------
36s 36s <span class="token number">1</span> <span class="token punctuation">{</span>deployment-controller<span class="token punctuation">}</span> Normal ScalingReplicaSet Scaled up replica <span class="token builtin class-name">set</span> nginx-deployment-2035384211 to <span class="token number">3</span>
23s 23s <span class="token number">1</span> <span class="token punctuation">{</span>deployment-controller<span class="token punctuation">}</span> Normal ScalingReplicaSet Scaled up replica <span class="token builtin class-name">set</span> nginx-deployment-1564180365 to <span class="token number">1</span>
23s 23s <span class="token number">1</span> <span class="token punctuation">{</span>deployment-controller<span class="token punctuation">}</span> Normal ScalingReplicaSet Scaled down replica <span class="token builtin class-name">set</span> nginx-deployment-2035384211 to <span class="token number">2</span>
23s 23s <span class="token number">1</span> <span class="token punctuation">{</span>deployment-controller<span class="token punctuation">}</span> Normal ScalingReplicaSet Scaled up replica <span class="token builtin class-name">set</span> nginx-deployment-1564180365 to <span class="token number">2</span>
21s 21s <span class="token number">1</span> <span class="token punctuation">{</span>deployment-controller<span class="token punctuation">}</span> Normal ScalingReplicaSet Scaled down replica <span class="token builtin class-name">set</span> nginx-deployment-2035384211 to <span class="token number">0</span>
21s 21s <span class="token number">1</span> <span class="token punctuation">{</span>deployment-controller<span class="token punctuation">}</span> Normal ScalingReplicaSet Scaled up replica <span class="token builtin class-name">set</span> nginx-deployment-1564180365 to <span class="token number">3</span>
</code></pre>
<p>&#x6211;&#x4EEC;&#x53EF;&#x4EE5;&#x770B;&#x5230;&#x5F53;&#x6211;&#x4EEC;&#x521A;&#x5F00;&#x59CB;&#x521B;&#x5EFA;&#x8FD9;&#x4E2A; Deployment &#x7684;&#x65F6;&#x5019;&#xFF0C;&#x521B;&#x5EFA;&#x4E86;&#x4E00;&#x4E2A; ReplicaSet&#xFF08;nginx-deployment-2035384211&#xFF09;&#xFF0C;&#x5E76;&#x76F4;&#x63A5;&#x6269;&#x5BB9;&#x5230;&#x4E86; 3 &#x4E2A; replica&#x3002;</p>
<p>&#x5F53;&#x6211;&#x4EEC;&#x66F4;&#x65B0;&#x8FD9;&#x4E2A; Deployment &#x7684;&#x65F6;&#x5019;&#xFF0C;&#x5B83;&#x4F1A;&#x521B;&#x5EFA;&#x4E00;&#x4E2A;&#x65B0;&#x7684; ReplicaSet&#xFF08;nginx-deployment-1564180365&#xFF09;&#xFF0C;&#x5C06;&#x5B83;&#x6269;&#x5BB9;&#x5230; 1 &#x4E2A; replica&#xFF0C;&#x7136;&#x540E;&#x7F29;&#x5BB9;&#x539F;&#x5148;&#x7684; ReplicaSet &#x5230; 2 &#x4E2A; replica&#xFF0C;&#x6B64;&#x65F6;&#x6EE1;&#x8DB3;&#x81F3;&#x5C11; 2 &#x4E2A; Pod &#x662F;&#x53EF;&#x7528;&#x72B6;&#x6001;&#xFF0C;&#x540C;&#x4E00;&#x65F6;&#x523B;&#x6700;&#x591A;&#x6709; 4 &#x4E2A; Pod &#x5904;&#x4E8E;&#x521B;&#x5EFA;&#x7684;&#x72B6;&#x6001;&#x3002;</p>
<p>&#x63A5;&#x7740;&#x7EE7;&#x7EED;&#x4F7F;&#x7528;&#x76F8;&#x540C;&#x7684; rolling update &#x7B56;&#x7565;&#x6269;&#x5BB9;&#x65B0;&#x7684; ReplicaSet &#x548C;&#x7F29;&#x5BB9;&#x65E7;&#x7684; ReplicaSet&#x3002;&#x6700;&#x7EC8;&#xFF0C;&#x5C06;&#x4F1A;&#x5728;&#x65B0;&#x7684; ReplicaSet &#x4E2D;&#x6709; 3 &#x4E2A;&#x53EF;&#x7528;&#x7684; replica&#xFF0C;&#x65E7;&#x7684; ReplicaSet &#x7684; replica &#x6570;&#x76EE;&#x53D8;&#x6210; 0&#x3002;</p>
<h3 id="rollover&#xFF08;&#x591A;&#x4E2A;-rollout-&#x5E76;&#x884C;&#xFF09;">Rollover&#xFF08;&#x591A;&#x4E2A; rollout &#x5E76;&#x884C;&#xFF09;</h3>
<p>&#x6BCF;&#x5F53; Deployment controller &#x89C2;&#x6D4B;&#x5230;&#x6709;&#x65B0;&#x7684; deployment &#x88AB;&#x521B;&#x5EFA;&#x65F6;&#xFF0C;&#x5982;&#x679C;&#x6CA1;&#x6709;&#x5DF2;&#x5B58;&#x5728;&#x7684; ReplicaSet &#x6765;&#x521B;&#x5EFA;&#x671F;&#x671B;&#x4E2A;&#x6570;&#x7684; Pod &#x7684;&#x8BDD;&#xFF0C;&#x5C31;&#x4F1A;&#x521B;&#x5EFA;&#x51FA;&#x4E00;&#x4E2A;&#x65B0;&#x7684; ReplicaSet &#x6765;&#x505A;&#x8FD9;&#x4EF6;&#x4E8B;&#x3002;&#x5DF2;&#x5B58;&#x5728;&#x7684; ReplicaSet &#x63A7;&#x5236; label &#x4E0E; <code>.spec.selector</code> &#x5339;&#x914D;&#x4F46;&#x662F; template &#x8DDF; <code>.spec.template</code> &#x4E0D;&#x5339;&#x914D;&#x7684; Pod &#x7F29;&#x5BB9;&#x3002;&#x6700;&#x7EC8;&#xFF0C;&#x65B0;&#x7684; ReplicaSet &#x5C06;&#x4F1A;&#x6269;&#x5BB9;&#x51FA; <code>.spec.replicas</code> &#x6307;&#x5B9A;&#x6570;&#x76EE;&#x7684; Pod&#xFF0C;&#x65E7;&#x7684; ReplicaSet &#x4F1A;&#x7F29;&#x5BB9;&#x5230; 0&#x3002;</p>
<p>&#x5982;&#x679C;&#x60A8;&#x66F4;&#x65B0;&#x4E86;&#x4E00;&#x4E2A;&#x7684;&#x5DF2;&#x5B58;&#x5728;&#x5E76;&#x6B63;&#x5728;&#x8FDB;&#x884C;&#x4E2D;&#x7684; Deployment&#xFF0C;&#x6BCF;&#x6B21;&#x66F4;&#x65B0; Deployment &#x90FD;&#x4F1A;&#x521B;&#x5EFA;&#x4E00;&#x4E2A;&#x65B0;&#x7684; ReplicaSet &#x5E76;&#x6269;&#x5BB9;&#x5B83;&#xFF0C;&#x540C;&#x65F6;&#x56DE;&#x6EDA;&#x4E4B;&#x524D;&#x6269;&#x5BB9;&#x7684; ReplicaSet &#x2014;&#x2014; &#x5C06;&#x5B83;&#x6DFB;&#x52A0;&#x5230;&#x65E7;&#x7684; ReplicaSet &#x5217;&#x8868;&#x4E2D;&#xFF0C;&#x5F00;&#x59CB;&#x7F29;&#x5BB9;&#x3002;</p>
<p>&#x4F8B;&#x5982;&#xFF0C;&#x5047;&#x5982;&#x60A8;&#x521B;&#x5EFA;&#x4E86;&#x4E00;&#x4E2A;&#x6709; 5 &#x4E2A; <code>niginx:1.7.9</code> replica &#x7684; Deployment&#xFF0C;&#x4F46;&#x662F;&#x5F53;&#x8FD8;&#x53EA;&#x6709; 3 &#x4E2A; <code>nginx:1.7.9</code> &#x7684; replica &#x521B;&#x5EFA;&#x51FA;&#x6765;&#x7684;&#x65F6;&#x5019;&#x60A8;&#x5C31;&#x5F00;&#x59CB;&#x66F4;&#x65B0;&#x542B;&#x6709; 5 &#x4E2A; <code>nginx:1.9.1</code> replica &#x7684; Deployment&#x3002;&#x5728;&#x8FD9;&#x79CD;&#x60C5;&#x51B5;&#x4E0B;&#xFF0C;Deployment &#x4F1A;&#x7ACB;&#x5373;&#x6740;&#x6389;&#x5DF2;&#x521B;&#x5EFA;&#x7684; 3 &#x4E2A; <code>nginx:1.7.9</code> &#x7684; Pod&#xFF0C;&#x5E76;&#x5F00;&#x59CB;&#x521B;&#x5EFA; <code>nginx:1.9.1</code> &#x7684; Pod&#x3002;&#x5B83;&#x4E0D;&#x4F1A;&#x7B49;&#x5230;&#x6240;&#x6709;&#x7684; 5 &#x4E2A; <code>nginx:1.7.9</code> &#x7684; Pod &#x90FD;&#x521B;&#x5EFA;&#x5B8C;&#x6210;&#x540E;&#x624D;&#x5F00;&#x59CB;&#x6539;&#x53D8;&#x822A;&#x9053;&#x3002;</p>
<h3 id="label-selector-&#x66F4;&#x65B0;">Label selector &#x66F4;&#x65B0;</h3>
<p>&#x6211;&#x4EEC;&#x901A;&#x5E38;&#x4E0D;&#x9F13;&#x52B1;&#x66F4;&#x65B0; label selector&#xFF0C;&#x6211;&#x4EEC;&#x5EFA;&#x8BAE;&#x4E8B;&#x5148;&#x89C4;&#x5212;&#x597D;&#x60A8;&#x7684; selector&#x3002;</p>
<p>&#x4EFB;&#x4F55;&#x60C5;&#x51B5;&#x4E0B;&#xFF0C;&#x53EA;&#x8981;&#x60A8;&#x60F3;&#x8981;&#x6267;&#x884C; label selector &#x7684;&#x66F4;&#x65B0;&#xFF0C;&#x8BF7;&#x4E00;&#x5B9A;&#x8981;&#x8C28;&#x614E;&#x5E76;&#x786E;&#x8BA4;&#x60A8;&#x5DF2;&#x7ECF;&#x9884;&#x6599;&#x5230;&#x6240;&#x6709;&#x53EF;&#x80FD;&#x56E0;&#x6B64;&#x5BFC;&#x81F4;&#x7684;&#x540E;&#x679C;&#x3002;</p>
<ul>
<li>&#x589E;&#x6DFB; selector &#x9700;&#x8981;&#x540C;&#x65F6;&#x5728; Deployment &#x7684; spec &#x4E2D;&#x66F4;&#x65B0;&#x65B0;&#x7684; label&#xFF0C;&#x5426;&#x5219;&#x5C06;&#x8FD4;&#x56DE;&#x6821;&#x9A8C;&#x9519;&#x8BEF;&#x3002;&#x6B64;&#x66F4;&#x6539;&#x662F;&#x4E0D;&#x53EF;&#x8986;&#x76D6;&#x7684;&#xFF0C;&#x8FD9;&#x610F;&#x5473;&#x7740;&#x65B0;&#x7684; selector &#x4E0D;&#x4F1A;&#x9009;&#x62E9;&#x4F7F;&#x7528;&#x65E7; selector &#x521B;&#x5EFA;&#x7684; ReplicaSet &#x548C; Pod&#xFF0C;&#x4ECE;&#x800C;&#x5BFC;&#x81F4;&#x6240;&#x6709;&#x65E7;&#x7248;&#x672C;&#x7684; ReplicaSet &#x90FD;&#x88AB;&#x4E22;&#x5F03;&#xFF0C;&#x5E76;&#x521B;&#x5EFA;&#x65B0;&#x7684; ReplicaSet&#x3002;</li>
<li>&#x66F4;&#x65B0; selector&#xFF0C;&#x5373;&#x66F4;&#x6539; selector key &#x7684;&#x5F53;&#x524D;&#x503C;&#xFF0C;&#x5C06;&#x5BFC;&#x81F4;&#x8DDF;&#x589E;&#x6DFB; selector &#x540C;&#x6837;&#x7684;&#x540E;&#x679C;&#x3002;</li>
<li>&#x5220;&#x9664; selector&#xFF0C;&#x5373;&#x5220;&#x9664; Deployment selector &#x4E2D;&#x7684;&#x5DF2;&#x6709;&#x7684; key&#xFF0C;&#x4E0D;&#x9700;&#x8981;&#x5BF9; Pod template label &#x505A;&#x4EFB;&#x4F55;&#x66F4;&#x6539;&#xFF0C;&#x73B0;&#x6709;&#x7684; ReplicaSet &#x4E5F;&#x4E0D;&#x4F1A;&#x6210;&#x4E3A;&#x5B64;&#x513F;&#xFF0C;&#x4F46;&#x662F;&#x8BF7;&#x6CE8;&#x610F;&#xFF0C;&#x5220;&#x9664;&#x7684; label &#x4ECD;&#x7136;&#x5B58;&#x5728;&#x4E8E;&#x73B0;&#x6709;&#x7684; Pod &#x548C; ReplicaSet &#x4E2D;&#x3002;</li>
</ul>
<h2 id="&#x56DE;&#x9000;-deployment">&#x56DE;&#x9000; Deployment</h2>
<p>&#x6709;&#x65F6;&#x5019;&#x60A8;&#x53EF;&#x80FD;&#x60F3;&#x56DE;&#x9000;&#x4E00;&#x4E2A; Deployment&#xFF0C;&#x4F8B;&#x5982;&#xFF0C;&#x5F53; Deployment &#x4E0D;&#x7A33;&#x5B9A;&#x65F6;&#xFF0C;&#x6BD4;&#x5982;&#x4E00;&#x76F4; crash looping&#x3002;</p>
<p>&#x9ED8;&#x8BA4;&#x60C5;&#x51B5;&#x4E0B;&#xFF0C;kubernetes &#x4F1A;&#x5728;&#x7CFB;&#x7EDF;&#x4E2D;&#x4FDD;&#x5B58;&#x524D;&#x4E24;&#x6B21;&#x7684; Deployment &#x7684; rollout &#x5386;&#x53F2;&#x8BB0;&#x5F55;&#xFF0C;&#x4EE5;&#x4FBF;&#x60A8;&#x53EF;&#x4EE5;&#x968F;&#x65F6;&#x56DE;&#x9000;&#xFF08;&#x60A8;&#x53EF;&#x4EE5;&#x4FEE;&#x6539; <code>revision history limit</code> &#x6765;&#x66F4;&#x6539;&#x4FDD;&#x5B58;&#x7684; revision &#x6570;&#xFF09;&#x3002;</p>
<p><strong>&#x6CE8;&#x610F;&#xFF1A;</strong>&#x53EA;&#x8981; Deployment &#x7684; rollout &#x88AB;&#x89E6;&#x53D1;&#x5C31;&#x4F1A;&#x521B;&#x5EFA;&#x4E00;&#x4E2A; revision&#x3002;&#x4E5F;&#x5C31;&#x662F;&#x8BF4;&#x5F53;&#x4E14;&#x4EC5;&#x5F53; Deployment &#x7684; Pod template&#xFF08;&#x5982; <code>.spec.template</code>&#xFF09;&#x88AB;&#x66F4;&#x6539;&#xFF0C;&#x4F8B;&#x5982;&#x66F4;&#x65B0; template &#x4E2D;&#x7684; label &#x548C;&#x5BB9;&#x5668;&#x955C;&#x50CF;&#x65F6;&#xFF0C;&#x5C31;&#x4F1A;&#x521B;&#x5EFA;&#x51FA;&#x4E00;&#x4E2A;&#x65B0;&#x7684; revision&#x3002;</p>
<p>&#x5176;&#x4ED6;&#x7684;&#x66F4;&#x65B0;&#xFF0C;&#x6BD4;&#x5982;&#x6269;&#x5BB9; Deployment &#x4E0D;&#x4F1A;&#x521B;&#x5EFA; revision&#x2014;&#x2014; &#x56E0;&#x6B64;&#x6211;&#x4EEC;&#x53EF;&#x4EE5;&#x5F88;&#x65B9;&#x4FBF;&#x7684;&#x624B;&#x52A8;&#x6216;&#x8005;&#x81EA;&#x52A8;&#x6269;&#x5BB9;&#x3002;&#x8FD9;&#x610F;&#x5473;&#x7740;&#x5F53;&#x60A8;&#x56DE;&#x9000;&#x5230;&#x5386;&#x53F2; revision &#x65F6;&#xFF0C;&#x53EA;&#x6709; Deployment &#x4E2D;&#x7684; Pod template &#x90E8;&#x5206;&#x624D;&#x4F1A;&#x56DE;&#x9000;&#x3002;</p>
<p>&#x5047;&#x8BBE;&#x6211;&#x4EEC;&#x5728;&#x66F4;&#x65B0; Deployment &#x7684;&#x65F6;&#x5019;&#x72AF;&#x4E86;&#x4E00;&#x4E2A;&#x62FC;&#x5199;&#x9519;&#x8BEF;&#xFF0C;&#x5C06;&#x955C;&#x50CF;&#x7684;&#x540D;&#x5B57;&#x5199;&#x6210;&#x4E86; <code>nginx:1.91</code>&#xFF0C;&#x800C;&#x6B63;&#x786E;&#x7684;&#x540D;&#x5B57;&#x5E94;&#x8BE5;&#x662F; <code>nginx:1.9.1</code>&#xFF1A;</p>
<pre class="language-"><code class="lang-bash">$ kubectl <span class="token builtin class-name">set</span> image deployment/nginx-deployment <span class="token assign-left variable">nginx</span><span class="token operator">=</span>nginx:1.91
deployment <span class="token string">&quot;nginx-deployment&quot;</span> image updated
</code></pre>
<p>Rollout &#x5C06;&#x4F1A;&#x5361;&#x4F4F;&#x3002;</p>
<pre class="language-"><code class="lang-bash">$ kubectl rollout status deployments nginx-deployment
Waiting <span class="token keyword">for</span> rollout to finish: <span class="token number">2</span> out of <span class="token number">3</span> new replicas have been updated<span class="token punctuation">..</span>.
</code></pre>
<p>&#x6309;&#x4F4F; Ctrl-C &#x505C;&#x6B62;&#x4E0A;&#x9762;&#x7684; rollout &#x72B6;&#x6001;&#x76D1;&#x63A7;&#x3002;</p>
<p>&#x60A8;&#x4F1A;&#x770B;&#x5230;&#x65E7;&#x7684; replica&#xFF08;nginx-deployment-1564180365 &#x548C; nginx-deployment-2035384211&#xFF09;&#x548C;&#x65B0;&#x7684; replica &#xFF08;nginx-deployment-3066724191&#xFF09;&#x6570;&#x76EE;&#x90FD;&#x662F; 2 &#x4E2A;&#x3002;</p>
<pre class="language-"><code class="lang-bash">$ kubectl get rs
NAME DESIRED CURRENT READY AGE
nginx-deployment-1564180365 <span class="token number">2</span> <span class="token number">2</span> <span class="token number">0</span> 25s
nginx-deployment-2035384211 <span class="token number">0</span> <span class="token number">0</span> <span class="token number">0</span> 36s
nginx-deployment-3066724191 <span class="token number">2</span> <span class="token number">2</span> <span class="token number">2</span> 6s
</code></pre>
<p>&#x770B;&#x4E0B;&#x521B;&#x5EFA; Pod&#xFF0C;&#x60A8;&#x4F1A;&#x770B;&#x5230;&#x6709;&#x4E24;&#x4E2A;&#x65B0;&#x7684; ReplicaSet &#x521B;&#x5EFA;&#x7684; Pod &#x5904;&#x4E8E; ImagePullBackOff &#x72B6;&#x6001;&#xFF0C;&#x5FAA;&#x73AF;&#x62C9;&#x53D6;&#x955C;&#x50CF;&#x3002;</p>
<pre class="language-"><code class="lang-bash">$ kubectl get pods
NAME READY STATUS RESTARTS AGE
nginx-deployment-1564180365-70iae <span class="token number">1</span>/1 Running <span class="token number">0</span> 25s
nginx-deployment-1564180365-jbqqo <span class="token number">1</span>/1 Running <span class="token number">0</span> 25s
nginx-deployment-3066724191-08mng <span class="token number">0</span>/1 ImagePullBackOff <span class="token number">0</span> 6s
nginx-deployment-3066724191-eocby <span class="token number">0</span>/1 ImagePullBackOff <span class="token number">0</span> 6s
</code></pre>
<p>&#x6CE8;&#x610F;&#xFF0C;Deployment controller &#x4F1A;&#x81EA;&#x52A8;&#x505C;&#x6B62;&#x574F;&#x7684; rollout&#xFF0C;&#x5E76;&#x505C;&#x6B62;&#x6269;&#x5BB9;&#x65B0;&#x7684; ReplicaSet&#x3002;</p>
<pre class="language-"><code class="lang-bash">$ kubectl describe deployment
Name: nginx-deployment
Namespace: default
CreationTimestamp: Tue, <span class="token number">15</span> Mar <span class="token number">2016</span> <span class="token number">14</span>:48:04 -0700
Labels: <span class="token assign-left variable">app</span><span class="token operator">=</span>nginx
Selector: <span class="token assign-left variable">app</span><span class="token operator">=</span>nginx
Replicas: <span class="token number">2</span> updated <span class="token operator">|</span> <span class="token number">3</span> total <span class="token operator">|</span> <span class="token number">2</span> available <span class="token operator">|</span> <span class="token number">2</span> unavailable
StrategyType: RollingUpdate
MinReadySeconds: <span class="token number">0</span>
RollingUpdateStrategy: <span class="token number">1</span> max unavailable, <span class="token number">1</span> max surge
OldReplicaSets: nginx-deployment-1564180365 <span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token number">2</span>/2 replicas created<span class="token punctuation">)</span>
NewReplicaSet: nginx-deployment-3066724191 <span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token number">2</span>/2 replicas created<span class="token punctuation">)</span>
Events:
FirstSeen LastSeen Count From SubobjectPath Type Reason Message
--------- -------- ----- ---- ------------- -------- ------ -------
1m 1m <span class="token number">1</span> <span class="token punctuation">{</span>deployment-controller<span class="token punctuation">}</span> Normal ScalingReplicaSet Scaled up replica <span class="token builtin class-name">set</span> nginx-deployment-2035384211 to <span class="token number">3</span>
22s 22s <span class="token number">1</span> <span class="token punctuation">{</span>deployment-controller<span class="token punctuation">}</span> Normal ScalingReplicaSet Scaled up replica <span class="token builtin class-name">set</span> nginx-deployment-1564180365 to <span class="token number">1</span>
22s 22s <span class="token number">1</span> <span class="token punctuation">{</span>deployment-controller<span class="token punctuation">}</span> Normal ScalingReplicaSet Scaled down replica <span class="token builtin class-name">set</span> nginx-deployment-2035384211 to <span class="token number">2</span>
22s 22s <span class="token number">1</span> <span class="token punctuation">{</span>deployment-controller<span class="token punctuation">}</span> Normal ScalingReplicaSet Scaled up replica <span class="token builtin class-name">set</span> nginx-deployment-1564180365 to <span class="token number">2</span>
21s 21s <span class="token number">1</span> <span class="token punctuation">{</span>deployment-controller<span class="token punctuation">}</span> Normal ScalingReplicaSet Scaled down replica <span class="token builtin class-name">set</span> nginx-deployment-2035384211 to <span class="token number">0</span>
21s 21s <span class="token number">1</span> <span class="token punctuation">{</span>deployment-controller<span class="token punctuation">}</span> Normal ScalingReplicaSet Scaled up replica <span class="token builtin class-name">set</span> nginx-deployment-1564180365 to <span class="token number">3</span>
13s 13s <span class="token number">1</span> <span class="token punctuation">{</span>deployment-controller<span class="token punctuation">}</span> Normal ScalingReplicaSet Scaled up replica <span class="token builtin class-name">set</span> nginx-deployment-3066724191 to <span class="token number">1</span>
13s 13s <span class="token number">1</span> <span class="token punctuation">{</span>deployment-controller<span class="token punctuation">}</span> Normal ScalingReplicaSet Scaled down replica <span class="token builtin class-name">set</span> nginx-deployment-1564180365 to <span class="token number">2</span>
13s 13s <span class="token number">1</span> <span class="token punctuation">{</span>deployment-controller<span class="token punctuation">}</span> Normal ScalingReplicaSet Scaled up replica <span class="token builtin class-name">set</span> nginx-deployment-3066724191 to <span class="token number">2</span>
</code></pre>
<p>&#x4E3A;&#x4E86;&#x4FEE;&#x590D;&#x8FD9;&#x4E2A;&#x95EE;&#x9898;&#xFF0C;&#x6211;&#x4EEC;&#x9700;&#x8981;&#x56DE;&#x9000;&#x5230;&#x7A33;&#x5B9A;&#x7684; Deployment revision&#x3002;</p>
<h3 id="&#x68C0;&#x67E5;-deployment-&#x5347;&#x7EA7;&#x7684;&#x5386;&#x53F2;&#x8BB0;&#x5F55;">&#x68C0;&#x67E5; Deployment &#x5347;&#x7EA7;&#x7684;&#x5386;&#x53F2;&#x8BB0;&#x5F55;</h3>
<p>&#x9996;&#x5148;&#xFF0C;&#x68C0;&#x67E5;&#x4E0B; Deployment &#x7684; revision&#xFF1A;</p>
<pre class="language-"><code class="lang-bash">$ kubectl rollout <span class="token function">history</span> deployment/nginx-deployment
deployments <span class="token string">&quot;nginx-deployment&quot;</span><span class="token builtin class-name">:</span>
REVISION CHANGE-CAUSE
<span class="token number">1</span> kubectl create -f https://kubernetes.io/docs/user-guide/nginx-deployment.yaml--record
<span class="token number">2</span> kubectl <span class="token builtin class-name">set</span> image deployment/nginx-deployment <span class="token assign-left variable">nginx</span><span class="token operator">=</span>nginx:1.9.1
<span class="token number">3</span> kubectl <span class="token builtin class-name">set</span> image deployment/nginx-deployment <span class="token assign-left variable">nginx</span><span class="token operator">=</span>nginx:1.91
</code></pre>
<p>&#x56E0;&#x4E3A;&#x6211;&#x4EEC;&#x521B;&#x5EFA; Deployment &#x7684;&#x65F6;&#x5019;&#x4F7F;&#x7528;&#x4E86;<code>--record</code> &#x53C2;&#x6570;&#x53EF;&#x4EE5;&#x8BB0;&#x5F55;&#x547D;&#x4EE4;&#xFF0C;&#x6211;&#x4EEC;&#x53EF;&#x4EE5;&#x5F88;&#x65B9;&#x4FBF;&#x7684;&#x67E5;&#x770B;&#x6BCF;&#x6B21; revision &#x7684;&#x53D8;&#x5316;&#x3002;</p>
<p>&#x67E5;&#x770B;&#x5355;&#x4E2A; revision &#x7684;&#x8BE6;&#x7EC6;&#x4FE1;&#x606F;&#xFF1A;</p>
<pre class="language-"><code class="lang-bash">$ kubectl rollout <span class="token function">history</span> deployment/nginx-deployment --revision<span class="token operator">=</span><span class="token number">2</span>
deployments <span class="token string">&quot;nginx-deployment&quot;</span> revision <span class="token number">2</span>
Labels: <span class="token assign-left variable">app</span><span class="token operator">=</span>nginx
pod-template-hash<span class="token operator">=</span><span class="token number">1159050644</span>
Annotations: kubernetes.io/change-cause<span class="token operator">=</span>kubectl <span class="token builtin class-name">set</span> image deployment/nginx-deployment <span class="token assign-left variable">nginx</span><span class="token operator">=</span>nginx:1.9.1
Containers:
nginx:
Image: nginx:1.9.1
Port: <span class="token number">80</span>/TCP
QoS Tier:
cpu: BestEffort
memory: BestEffort
Environment Variables: <span class="token operator">&lt;</span>none<span class="token operator">&gt;</span>
No volumes.
</code></pre>
<h3 id="&#x56DE;&#x9000;&#x5230;&#x5386;&#x53F2;&#x7248;&#x672C;">&#x56DE;&#x9000;&#x5230;&#x5386;&#x53F2;&#x7248;&#x672C;</h3>
<p>&#x73B0;&#x5728;&#xFF0C;&#x6211;&#x4EEC;&#x53EF;&#x4EE5;&#x51B3;&#x5B9A;&#x56DE;&#x9000;&#x5F53;&#x524D;&#x7684; rollout &#x5230;&#x4E4B;&#x524D;&#x7684;&#x7248;&#x672C;&#xFF1A;</p>
<pre class="language-"><code class="lang-bash">$ kubectl rollout undo deployment/nginx-deployment
deployment <span class="token string">&quot;nginx-deployment&quot;</span> rolled back
</code></pre>
<p>&#x4E5F;&#x53EF;&#x4EE5;&#x4F7F;&#x7528;<code>--revision</code>&#x53C2;&#x6570;&#x6307;&#x5B9A;&#x67D0;&#x4E2A;&#x5386;&#x53F2;&#x7248;&#x672C;&#xFF1A;</p>
<pre class="language-"><code class="lang-bash">$ kubectl rollout undo deployment/nginx-deployment --to-revision<span class="token operator">=</span><span class="token number">2</span>
deployment <span class="token string">&quot;nginx-deployment&quot;</span> rolled back
</code></pre>
<p>&#x8BE5; Deployment &#x73B0;&#x5728;&#x5DF2;&#x7ECF;&#x56DE;&#x9000;&#x5230;&#x4E86;&#x5148;&#x524D;&#x7684;&#x7A33;&#x5B9A;&#x7248;&#x672C;&#x3002;&#x5982;&#x60A8;&#x6240;&#x89C1;&#xFF0C;Deployment controller &#x4EA7;&#x751F;&#x4E86;&#x4E00;&#x4E2A;&#x56DE;&#x9000;&#x5230; revison 2 &#x7684;<code>DeploymentRollback</code>&#x7684; event&#x3002;</p>
<pre class="language-"><code class="lang-bash">$ kubectl get deployment
NAME DESIRED CURRENT UP-TO-DATE AVAILABLE AGE
nginx-deployment <span class="token number">3</span> <span class="token number">3</span> <span class="token number">3</span> <span class="token number">3</span> 30m
$ kubectl describe deployment
Name: nginx-deployment
Namespace: default
CreationTimestamp: Tue, <span class="token number">15</span> Mar <span class="token number">2016</span> <span class="token number">14</span>:48:04 -0700
Labels: <span class="token assign-left variable">app</span><span class="token operator">=</span>nginx
Selector: <span class="token assign-left variable">app</span><span class="token operator">=</span>nginx
Replicas: <span class="token number">3</span> updated <span class="token operator">|</span> <span class="token number">3</span> total <span class="token operator">|</span> <span class="token number">3</span> available <span class="token operator">|</span> <span class="token number">0</span> unavailable
StrategyType: RollingUpdate
MinReadySeconds: <span class="token number">0</span>
RollingUpdateStrategy: <span class="token number">1</span> max unavailable, <span class="token number">1</span> max surge
OldReplicaSets: <span class="token operator">&lt;</span>none<span class="token operator">&gt;</span>
NewReplicaSet: nginx-deployment-1564180365 <span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token number">3</span>/3 replicas created<span class="token punctuation">)</span>
Events:
FirstSeen LastSeen Count From SubobjectPath Type Reason Message
--------- -------- ----- ---- ------------- -------- ------ -------
30m 30m <span class="token number">1</span> <span class="token punctuation">{</span>deployment-controller<span class="token punctuation">}</span> Normal ScalingReplicaSet Scaled up replica <span class="token builtin class-name">set</span> nginx-deployment-2035384211 to <span class="token number">3</span>
29m 29m <span class="token number">1</span> <span class="token punctuation">{</span>deployment-controller<span class="token punctuation">}</span> Normal ScalingReplicaSet Scaled up replica <span class="token builtin class-name">set</span> nginx-deployment-1564180365 to <span class="token number">1</span>
29m 29m <span class="token number">1</span> <span class="token punctuation">{</span>deployment-controller<span class="token punctuation">}</span> Normal ScalingReplicaSet Scaled down replica <span class="token builtin class-name">set</span> nginx-deployment-2035384211 to <span class="token number">2</span>
29m 29m <span class="token number">1</span> <span class="token punctuation">{</span>deployment-controller<span class="token punctuation">}</span> Normal ScalingReplicaSet Scaled up replica <span class="token builtin class-name">set</span> nginx-deployment-1564180365 to <span class="token number">2</span>
29m 29m <span class="token number">1</span> <span class="token punctuation">{</span>deployment-controller<span class="token punctuation">}</span> Normal ScalingReplicaSet Scaled down replica <span class="token builtin class-name">set</span> nginx-deployment-2035384211 to <span class="token number">0</span>
29m 29m <span class="token number">1</span> <span class="token punctuation">{</span>deployment-controller<span class="token punctuation">}</span> Normal ScalingReplicaSet Scaled up replica <span class="token builtin class-name">set</span> nginx-deployment-3066724191 to <span class="token number">2</span>
29m 29m <span class="token number">1</span> <span class="token punctuation">{</span>deployment-controller<span class="token punctuation">}</span> Normal ScalingReplicaSet Scaled up replica <span class="token builtin class-name">set</span> nginx-deployment-3066724191 to <span class="token number">1</span>
29m 29m <span class="token number">1</span> <span class="token punctuation">{</span>deployment-controller<span class="token punctuation">}</span> Normal ScalingReplicaSet Scaled down replica <span class="token builtin class-name">set</span> nginx-deployment-1564180365 to <span class="token number">2</span>
2m 2m <span class="token number">1</span> <span class="token punctuation">{</span>deployment-controller<span class="token punctuation">}</span> Normal ScalingReplicaSet Scaled down replica <span class="token builtin class-name">set</span> nginx-deployment-3066724191 to <span class="token number">0</span>
2m 2m <span class="token number">1</span> <span class="token punctuation">{</span>deployment-controller<span class="token punctuation">}</span> Normal DeploymentRollback Rolled back deployment <span class="token string">&quot;nginx-deployment&quot;</span> to revision <span class="token number">2</span>
29m 2m <span class="token number">2</span> <span class="token punctuation">{</span>deployment-controller<span class="token punctuation">}</span> Normal ScalingReplicaSet Scaled up replica <span class="token builtin class-name">set</span> nginx-deployment-1564180365 to <span class="token number">3</span>
</code></pre>
<h3 id="&#x6E05;&#x7406;-policy">&#x6E05;&#x7406; Policy</h3>
<p>&#x60A8;&#x53EF;&#x4EE5;&#x901A;&#x8FC7;&#x8BBE;&#x7F6E; <code>.spec.revisonHistoryLimit</code> &#x9879;&#x6765;&#x6307;&#x5B9A; deployment &#x6700;&#x591A;&#x4FDD;&#x7559;&#x591A;&#x5C11; revision &#x5386;&#x53F2;&#x8BB0;&#x5F55;&#x3002;&#x9ED8;&#x8BA4;&#x7684;&#x4F1A;&#x4FDD;&#x7559;&#x6240;&#x6709;&#x7684; revision&#xFF1B;&#x5982;&#x679C;&#x5C06;&#x8BE5;&#x9879;&#x8BBE;&#x7F6E;&#x4E3A; 0&#xFF0C;Deployment &#x5C31;&#x4E0D;&#x5141;&#x8BB8;&#x56DE;&#x9000;&#x4E86;&#x3002;</p>
<h2 id="deployment-&#x6269;&#x5BB9;">Deployment &#x6269;&#x5BB9;</h2>
<p>&#x60A8;&#x53EF;&#x4EE5;&#x4F7F;&#x7528;&#x4EE5;&#x4E0B;&#x547D;&#x4EE4;&#x6269;&#x5BB9; Deployment&#xFF1A;</p>
<pre class="language-"><code class="lang-bash">$ kubectl scale deployment nginx-deployment --replicas <span class="token number">10</span>
deployment <span class="token string">&quot;nginx-deployment&quot;</span> scaled
</code></pre>
<p>&#x5047;&#x8BBE;&#x60A8;&#x7684;&#x96C6;&#x7FA4;&#x4E2D;&#x542F;&#x7528;&#x4E86; <a href="https://kubernetes.io/docs/tasks/run-application/horizontal-pod-autoscale-walkthrough" target="_blank">horizontal pod autoscaling</a>&#xFF0C;&#x60A8;&#x53EF;&#x4EE5;&#x7ED9; Deployment &#x8BBE;&#x7F6E;&#x4E00;&#x4E2A; autoscaler&#xFF0C;&#x57FA;&#x4E8E;&#x5F53;&#x524D; Pod &#x7684; CPU &#x5229;&#x7528;&#x7387;&#x9009;&#x62E9;&#x6700;&#x5C11;&#x548C;&#x6700;&#x591A;&#x7684; Pod &#x6570;&#x3002;</p>
<pre class="language-"><code class="lang-bash">$ kubectl autoscale deployment nginx-deployment --min<span class="token operator">=</span><span class="token number">10</span> --max<span class="token operator">=</span><span class="token number">15</span> --cpu-percent<span class="token operator">=</span><span class="token number">80</span>
deployment <span class="token string">&quot;nginx-deployment&quot;</span> autoscaled
</code></pre>
<h3 id="&#x6BD4;&#x4F8B;&#x6269;&#x5BB9;">&#x6BD4;&#x4F8B;&#x6269;&#x5BB9;</h3>
<p>RollingUpdate Deployment &#x652F;&#x6301;&#x540C;&#x65F6;&#x8FD0;&#x884C;&#x4E00;&#x4E2A;&#x5E94;&#x7528;&#x7684;&#x591A;&#x4E2A;&#x7248;&#x672C;&#x3002;&#x6216;&#x8005; autoscaler &#x6269; &#x5BB9; RollingUpdate Deployment &#x7684;&#x65F6;&#x5019;&#xFF0C;&#x6B63;&#x5728;&#x4E2D;&#x9014;&#x7684; rollout&#xFF08;&#x8FDB;&#x884C;&#x4E2D;&#x6216;&#x8005;&#x5DF2;&#x7ECF;&#x6682;&#x505C;&#x7684;&#xFF09;&#xFF0C;&#x4E3A;&#x4E86;&#x964D;&#x4F4E;&#x98CE;&#x9669;&#xFF0C;Deployment controller &#x5C06;&#x4F1A;&#x5E73;&#x8861;&#x5DF2;&#x5B58;&#x5728;&#x7684;&#x6D3B;&#x52A8;&#x4E2D;&#x7684; ReplicaSet&#xFF08;&#x6709; Pod &#x7684; ReplicaSet&#xFF09;&#x548C;&#x65B0;&#x52A0;&#x5165;&#x7684; replica&#x3002;&#x8FD9;&#x88AB;&#x79F0;&#x4E3A;&#x6BD4;&#x4F8B;&#x6269;&#x5BB9;&#x3002;</p>
<p>&#x4F8B;&#x5982;&#xFF0C;&#x60A8;&#x6B63;&#x5728;&#x8FD0;&#x884C;&#x4E2D;&#x542B;&#x6709; 10 &#x4E2A; replica &#x7684; Deployment&#x3002;maxSurge=3&#xFF0C;maxUnavailable=2&#x3002;</p>
<pre class="language-"><code class="lang-bash">$ kubectl get deploy
NAME DESIRED CURRENT UP-TO-DATE AVAILABLE AGE
nginx-deployment <span class="token number">10</span> <span class="token number">10</span> <span class="token number">10</span> <span class="token number">10</span> 50s
</code></pre>
<p>&#x60A8;&#x66F4;&#x65B0;&#x4E86;&#x4E00;&#x4E2A;&#x955C;&#x50CF;&#xFF0C;&#x800C;&#x5728;&#x96C6;&#x7FA4;&#x5185;&#x90E8;&#x65E0;&#x6CD5;&#x89E3;&#x6790;&#x3002;</p>
<pre class="language-"><code class="lang-bash">$ kubectl <span class="token builtin class-name">set</span> image deploy/nginx-deployment <span class="token assign-left variable">nginx</span><span class="token operator">=</span>nginx:sometag
deployment <span class="token string">&quot;nginx-deployment&quot;</span> image updated
</code></pre>
<p>&#x955C;&#x50CF;&#x66F4;&#x65B0;&#x542F;&#x52A8;&#x4E86;&#x4E00;&#x4E2A;&#x5305;&#x542B; ReplicaSet nginx-deployment-1989198191 &#x7684;&#x65B0;&#x7684; rollout&#xFF0C;&#x4F46;&#x662F;&#x5B83;&#x88AB;&#x963B;&#x585E;&#x4E86;&#xFF0C;&#x56E0;&#x4E3A;&#x6211;&#x4EEC;&#x4E0A;&#x9762;&#x63D0;&#x5230;&#x7684; maxUnavailable&#x3002;</p>
<pre class="language-"><code class="lang-bash">$ kubectl get rs
NAME DESIRED CURRENT READY AGE
nginx-deployment-1989198191 <span class="token number">5</span> <span class="token number">5</span> <span class="token number">0</span> 9s
nginx-deployment-618515232 <span class="token number">8</span> <span class="token number">8</span> <span class="token number">8</span> 1m
</code></pre>
<p>&#x7136;&#x540E;&#x53D1;&#x8D77;&#x4E86;&#x4E00;&#x4E2A;&#x65B0;&#x7684; Deployment &#x6269;&#x5BB9;&#x8BF7;&#x6C42;&#x3002;autoscaler &#x5C06; Deployment &#x7684; repllica &#x6570;&#x76EE;&#x589E;&#x52A0;&#x5230;&#x4E86; 15 &#x4E2A;&#x3002;Deployment controller &#x9700;&#x8981;&#x5224;&#x65AD;&#x5728;&#x54EA;&#x91CC;&#x589E;&#x52A0;&#x8FD9; 5 &#x4E2A;&#x65B0;&#x7684; replica&#x3002;&#x5982;&#x679C;&#x6211;&#x4EEC;&#x6CA1;&#x6709;&#x8C01;&#x7528;&#x6BD4;&#x4F8B;&#x6269;&#x5BB9;&#xFF0C;&#x6240;&#x6709;&#x7684; 5 &#x4E2A; replica &#x90FD;&#x4F1A;&#x52A0;&#x5230;&#x4E00;&#x4E2A;&#x65B0;&#x7684; ReplicaSet &#x4E2D;&#x3002;&#x5982;&#x679C;&#x4F7F;&#x7528;&#x6BD4;&#x4F8B;&#x6269;&#x5BB9;&#xFF0C;&#x65B0;&#x6DFB;&#x52A0;&#x7684; replica &#x5C06;&#x4F20;&#x64AD;&#x5230;&#x6240;&#x6709;&#x7684; ReplicaSet &#x4E2D;&#x3002;&#x5927;&#x7684;&#x90E8;&#x5206;&#x52A0;&#x5165; replica &#x6570;&#x6700;&#x591A;&#x7684; ReplicaSet &#x4E2D;&#xFF0C;&#x5C0F;&#x7684;&#x90E8;&#x5206;&#x52A0;&#x5165;&#x5230; replica &#x6570;&#x5C11;&#x7684; ReplciaSet &#x4E2D;&#x3002;0 &#x4E2A; replica &#x7684; ReplicaSet &#x4E0D;&#x4F1A;&#x88AB;&#x6269;&#x5BB9;&#x3002;</p>
<p>&#x5728;&#x6211;&#x4EEC;&#x4E0A;&#x9762;&#x7684;&#x4F8B;&#x5B50;&#x4E2D;&#xFF0C;3 &#x4E2A; replica &#x5C06;&#x6DFB;&#x52A0;&#x5230;&#x65E7;&#x7684; ReplicaSet &#x4E2D;&#xFF0C;2 &#x4E2A; replica &#x5C06;&#x6DFB;&#x52A0;&#x5230;&#x65B0;&#x7684; ReplicaSet &#x4E2D;&#x3002;rollout &#x8FDB;&#x7A0B;&#x6700;&#x7EC8;&#x4F1A;&#x5C06;&#x6240;&#x6709;&#x7684; replica &#x79FB;&#x52A8;&#x5230;&#x65B0;&#x7684; ReplicaSet &#x4E2D;&#xFF0C;&#x5047;&#x8BBE;&#x65B0;&#x7684; replica &#x6210;&#x4E3A;&#x5065;&#x5EB7;&#x72B6;&#x6001;&#x3002;</p>
<pre class="language-"><code class="lang-bash">$ kubectl get deploy
NAME DESIRED CURRENT UP-TO-DATE AVAILABLE AGE
nginx-deployment <span class="token number">15</span> <span class="token number">18</span> <span class="token number">7</span> <span class="token number">8</span> 7m
$ kubectl get rs
NAME DESIRED CURRENT READY AGE
nginx-deployment-1989198191 <span class="token number">7</span> <span class="token number">7</span> <span class="token number">0</span> 7m
nginx-deployment-618515232 <span class="token number">11</span> <span class="token number">11</span> <span class="token number">11</span> 7m
</code></pre>
<h2 id="&#x5220;&#x9664;-autoscale">&#x5220;&#x9664; autoscale</h2>
<pre class="language-"><code class="lang-bash">kubectl get hpa
kubectl delete hpa <span class="token variable">${name of hpa}</span>
</code></pre>
<h2 id="&#x6682;&#x505C;&#x548C;&#x6062;&#x590D;-deployment">&#x6682;&#x505C;&#x548C;&#x6062;&#x590D; Deployment</h2>
<p>&#x60A8;&#x53EF;&#x4EE5;&#x5728;&#x53D1;&#x51FA;&#x4E00;&#x6B21;&#x6216;&#x591A;&#x6B21;&#x66F4;&#x65B0;&#x524D;&#x6682;&#x505C;&#x4E00;&#x4E2A; Deployment&#xFF0C;&#x7136;&#x540E;&#x518D;&#x6062;&#x590D;&#x5B83;&#x3002;&#x8FD9;&#x6837;&#x60A8;&#x5C31;&#x80FD;&#x5728; Deployment &#x6682;&#x505C;&#x671F;&#x95F4;&#x8FDB;&#x884C;&#x591A;&#x6B21;&#x4FEE;&#x590D;&#x5DE5;&#x4F5C;&#xFF0C;&#x800C;&#x4E0D;&#x4F1A;&#x53D1;&#x51FA;&#x4E0D;&#x5FC5;&#x8981;&#x7684; rollout&#x3002;</p>
<p>&#x4F8B;&#x5982;&#x4F7F;&#x7528;&#x521A;&#x521A;&#x521B;&#x5EFA; Deployment&#xFF1A;</p>
<pre class="language-"><code class="lang-bash">$ kubectl get deploy
NAME DESIRED CURRENT UP-TO-DATE AVAILABLE AGE
nginx <span class="token number">3</span> <span class="token number">3</span> <span class="token number">3</span> <span class="token number">3</span> 1m
<span class="token punctuation">[</span>mkargaki@dhcp129-211 kubernetes<span class="token punctuation">]</span>$ kubectl get rs
NAME DESIRED CURRENT READY AGE
nginx-2142116321 <span class="token number">3</span> <span class="token number">3</span> <span class="token number">3</span> 1m
</code></pre>
<p>&#x4F7F;&#x7528;&#x4EE5;&#x4E0B;&#x547D;&#x4EE4;&#x6682;&#x505C; Deployment&#xFF1A;</p>
<pre class="language-"><code class="lang-bash">$ kubectl rollout pause deployment/nginx-deployment
deployment <span class="token string">&quot;nginx-deployment&quot;</span> paused
</code></pre>
<p>&#x7136;&#x540E;&#x66F4;&#x65B0; Deplyment &#x4E2D;&#x7684;&#x955C;&#x50CF;&#xFF1A;</p>
<pre class="language-"><code class="lang-bash">$ kubectl <span class="token builtin class-name">set</span> image deploy/nginx <span class="token assign-left variable">nginx</span><span class="token operator">=</span>nginx:1.9.1
deployment <span class="token string">&quot;nginx-deployment&quot;</span> image updated
</code></pre>
<p>&#x6CE8;&#x610F;&#x65B0;&#x7684; rollout &#x542F;&#x52A8;&#x4E86;&#xFF1A;</p>
<pre class="language-"><code class="lang-bash">$ kubectl rollout <span class="token function">history</span> deploy/nginx
deployments <span class="token string">&quot;nginx&quot;</span>
REVISION CHANGE-CAUSE
<span class="token number">1</span> <span class="token operator">&lt;</span>none<span class="token operator">&gt;</span>
$ kubectl get rs
NAME DESIRED CURRENT READY AGE
nginx-2142116321 <span class="token number">3</span> <span class="token number">3</span> <span class="token number">3</span> 2m
</code></pre>
<p>&#x60A8;&#x53EF;&#x4EE5;&#x8FDB;&#x884C;&#x4EFB;&#x610F;&#x591A;&#x6B21;&#x66F4;&#x65B0;&#xFF0C;&#x4F8B;&#x5982;&#x66F4;&#x65B0;&#x4F7F;&#x7528;&#x7684;&#x8D44;&#x6E90;&#xFF1A;</p>
<pre class="language-"><code class="lang-bash">$ kubectl <span class="token builtin class-name">set</span> resources deployment nginx -c<span class="token operator">=</span>nginx --limits<span class="token operator">=</span>cpu<span class="token operator">=</span>200m,memory<span class="token operator">=</span>512Mi
deployment <span class="token string">&quot;nginx&quot;</span> resource requirements updated
</code></pre>
<p>Deployment &#x6682;&#x505C;&#x524D;&#x7684;&#x521D;&#x59CB;&#x72B6;&#x6001;&#x5C06;&#x7EE7;&#x7EED;&#x5B83;&#x7684;&#x529F;&#x80FD;&#xFF0C;&#x800C;&#x4E0D;&#x4F1A;&#x5BF9; Deployment &#x7684;&#x66F4;&#x65B0;&#x4EA7;&#x751F;&#x4EFB;&#x4F55;&#x5F71;&#x54CD;&#xFF0C;&#x53EA;&#x8981; Deployment &#x662F;&#x6682;&#x505C;&#x7684;&#x3002;</p>
<p>&#x6700;&#x540E;&#xFF0C;&#x6062;&#x590D;&#x8FD9;&#x4E2A; Deployment&#xFF0C;&#x89C2;&#x5BDF;&#x5B8C;&#x6210;&#x66F4;&#x65B0;&#x7684; ReplicaSet &#x5DF2;&#x7ECF;&#x521B;&#x5EFA;&#x51FA;&#x6765;&#x4E86;&#xFF1A;</p>
<pre class="language-"><code class="lang-bash">$ kubectl rollout resume deploy nginx
deployment <span class="token string">&quot;nginx&quot;</span> resumed
$ KUBECTL get rs -w
NAME DESIRED CURRENT READY AGE
nginx-2142116321 <span class="token number">2</span> <span class="token number">2</span> <span class="token number">2</span> 2m
nginx-3926361531 <span class="token number">2</span> <span class="token number">2</span> <span class="token number">0</span> 6s
nginx-3926361531 <span class="token number">2</span> <span class="token number">2</span> <span class="token number">1</span> 18s
nginx-2142116321 <span class="token number">1</span> <span class="token number">2</span> <span class="token number">2</span> 2m
nginx-2142116321 <span class="token number">1</span> <span class="token number">2</span> <span class="token number">2</span> 2m
nginx-3926361531 <span class="token number">3</span> <span class="token number">2</span> <span class="token number">1</span> 18s
nginx-3926361531 <span class="token number">3</span> <span class="token number">2</span> <span class="token number">1</span> 18s
nginx-2142116321 <span class="token number">1</span> <span class="token number">1</span> <span class="token number">1</span> 2m
nginx-3926361531 <span class="token number">3</span> <span class="token number">3</span> <span class="token number">1</span> 18s
nginx-3926361531 <span class="token number">3</span> <span class="token number">3</span> <span class="token number">2</span> 19s
nginx-2142116321 <span class="token number">0</span> <span class="token number">1</span> <span class="token number">1</span> 2m
nginx-2142116321 <span class="token number">0</span> <span class="token number">1</span> <span class="token number">1</span> 2m
nginx-2142116321 <span class="token number">0</span> <span class="token number">0</span> <span class="token number">0</span> 2m
nginx-3926361531 <span class="token number">3</span> <span class="token number">3</span> <span class="token number">3</span> 20s
^C
$ KUBECTL get rs
NAME DESIRED CURRENT READY AGE
nginx-2142116321 <span class="token number">0</span> <span class="token number">0</span> <span class="token number">0</span> 2m
nginx-3926361531 <span class="token number">3</span> <span class="token number">3</span> <span class="token number">3</span> 28s
</code></pre>
<p><strong>&#x6CE8;&#x610F;&#xFF1A;</strong>&#x5728;&#x6062;&#x590D; Deployment &#x4E4B;&#x524D;&#x60A8;&#x65E0;&#x6CD5;&#x56DE;&#x9000;&#x4E00;&#x4E2A;&#x5DF2;&#x7ECF;&#x6682;&#x505C;&#x7684; Deployment&#x3002;</p>
<h2 id="deployment-&#x72B6;&#x6001;">Deployment &#x72B6;&#x6001;</h2>
<p>Deployment &#x5728;&#x751F;&#x547D;&#x5468;&#x671F;&#x4E2D;&#x6709;&#x591A;&#x79CD;&#x72B6;&#x6001;&#x3002;&#x5728;&#x521B;&#x5EFA;&#x4E00;&#x4E2A;&#x65B0;&#x7684; ReplicaSet &#x7684;&#x65F6;&#x5019;&#x5B83;&#x53EF;&#x4EE5;&#x662F; <a href="https://kubernetes.io/docs/concepts/workloads/controllers/deployment#progressing-deployment" target="_blank">progressing</a> &#x72B6;&#x6001;&#xFF0C; <a href="https://kubernetes.io/docs/concepts/workloads/controllers/deployment#complete-deployment" target="_blank">complete</a> &#x72B6;&#x6001;&#xFF0C;&#x6216;&#x8005; <a href="https://kubernetes.io/docs/concepts/workloads/controllers/deployment#failed-deployment" target="_blank">fail to progress</a> &#x72B6;&#x6001;&#x3002;</p>
<h3 id="&#x8FDB;&#x884C;&#x4E2D;&#x7684;-deployment">&#x8FDB;&#x884C;&#x4E2D;&#x7684; Deployment</h3>
<p>Kubernetes &#x5C06;&#x6267;&#x884C;&#x8FC7;&#x4E0B;&#x5217;&#x4EFB;&#x52A1;&#x4E4B;&#x4E00;&#x7684; Deployment &#x6807;&#x8BB0;&#x4E3A; <em>progressing</em> &#x72B6;&#x6001;&#xFF1A;</p>
<ul>
<li>Deployment &#x6B63;&#x5728;&#x521B;&#x5EFA;&#x65B0;&#x7684; ReplicaSet &#x8FC7;&#x7A0B;&#x4E2D;&#x3002;</li>
<li>Deployment &#x6B63;&#x5728;&#x6269;&#x5BB9;&#x4E00;&#x4E2A;&#x5DF2;&#x6709;&#x7684; ReplicaSet&#x3002;</li>
<li>Deployment &#x6B63;&#x5728;&#x7F29;&#x5BB9;&#x4E00;&#x4E2A;&#x5DF2;&#x6709;&#x7684; ReplicaSet&#x3002;</li>
<li>&#x6709;&#x65B0;&#x7684;&#x53EF;&#x7528;&#x7684; pod &#x51FA;&#x73B0;&#x3002;</li>
</ul>
<p>&#x60A8;&#x53EF;&#x4EE5;&#x4F7F;&#x7528; <code>kubectl rollout status</code> &#x547D;&#x4EE4;&#x76D1;&#x63A7; Deployment &#x7684;&#x8FDB;&#x5EA6;&#x3002;</p>
<h3 id="&#x5B8C;&#x6210;&#x7684;-deployment">&#x5B8C;&#x6210;&#x7684; Deployment</h3>
<p>Kubernetes &#x5C06;&#x5305;&#x62EC;&#x4EE5;&#x4E0B;&#x7279;&#x6027;&#x7684; Deployment &#x6807;&#x8BB0;&#x4E3A; <em>complete</em> &#x72B6;&#x6001;&#xFF1A;</p>
<ul>
<li>Deployment &#x6700;&#x5C0F;&#x53EF;&#x7528;&#x3002;&#x6700;&#x5C0F;&#x53EF;&#x7528;&#x610F;&#x5473;&#x7740; Deployment &#x7684;&#x53EF;&#x7528; replica &#x4E2A;&#x6570;&#x7B49;&#x4E8E;&#x6216;&#x8005;&#x8D85;&#x8FC7; Deployment &#x7B56;&#x7565;&#x4E2D;&#x7684;&#x671F;&#x671B;&#x4E2A;&#x6570;&#x3002;</li>
<li>&#x6240;&#x6709;&#x4E0E;&#x8BE5; Deployment &#x76F8;&#x5173;&#x7684; replica &#x90FD;&#x88AB;&#x66F4;&#x65B0;&#x5230;&#x4E86;&#x60A8;&#x6307;&#x5B9A;&#x7248;&#x672C;&#xFF0C;&#x4E5F;&#x5C31;&#x8BF4;&#x66F4;&#x65B0;&#x5B8C;&#x6210;&#x3002;</li>
<li>&#x8BE5; Deployment &#x4E2D;&#x6CA1;&#x6709;&#x65E7;&#x7684; Pod &#x5B58;&#x5728;&#x3002;</li>
</ul>
<p>&#x60A8;&#x53EF;&#x4EE5;&#x7528; <code>kubectl rollout status</code> &#x547D;&#x4EE4;&#x67E5;&#x770B; Deployment &#x662F;&#x5426;&#x5B8C;&#x6210;&#x3002;&#x5982;&#x679C; rollout &#x6210;&#x529F;&#x5B8C;&#x6210;&#xFF0C;<code>kubectl rollout status</code> &#x5C06;&#x8FD4;&#x56DE;&#x4E00;&#x4E2A; 0 &#x503C;&#x7684; Exit Code&#x3002;</p>
<pre class="language-"><code class="lang-bash">$ kubectl rollout status deploy/nginx
Waiting <span class="token keyword">for</span> rollout to finish: <span class="token number">2</span> of <span class="token number">3</span> updated replicas are available<span class="token punctuation">..</span>.
deployment <span class="token string">&quot;nginx&quot;</span> successfully rolled out
$ <span class="token builtin class-name">echo</span> <span class="token variable">$?</span>
<span class="token number">0</span>
</code></pre>
<h3 id="&#x5931;&#x8D25;&#x7684;-deployment">&#x5931;&#x8D25;&#x7684; Deployment</h3>
<p>&#x60A8;&#x7684; Deployment &#x5728;&#x5C1D;&#x8BD5;&#x90E8;&#x7F72;&#x65B0;&#x7684; ReplicaSet &#x7684;&#x65F6;&#x5019;&#x53EF;&#x80FD;&#x5361;&#x4F4F;&#xFF0C;&#x6C38;&#x8FDC;&#x4E5F;&#x4E0D;&#x4F1A;&#x5B8C;&#x6210;&#x3002;&#x8FD9;&#x53EF;&#x80FD;&#x662F;&#x56E0;&#x4E3A;&#x4EE5;&#x4E0B;&#x51E0;&#x4E2A;&#x56E0;&#x7D20;&#x5F15;&#x8D77;&#x7684;&#xFF1A;</p>
<ul>
<li>&#x65E0;&#x6548;&#x7684;&#x5F15;&#x7528;</li>
<li>&#x4E0D;&#x53EF;&#x8BFB;&#x7684; probe failure</li>
<li>&#x955C;&#x50CF;&#x62C9;&#x53D6;&#x9519;&#x8BEF;</li>
<li>&#x6743;&#x9650;&#x4E0D;&#x591F;</li>
<li>&#x8303;&#x56F4;&#x9650;&#x5236;</li>
<li>&#x7A0B;&#x5E8F;&#x8FD0;&#x884C;&#x65F6;&#x914D;&#x7F6E;&#x9519;&#x8BEF;</li>
</ul>
<p>&#x63A2;&#x6D4B;&#x8FD9;&#x79CD;&#x60C5;&#x51B5;&#x7684;&#x4E00;&#x79CD;&#x65B9;&#x5F0F;&#x662F;&#xFF0C;&#x5728;&#x60A8;&#x7684; Deployment spec &#x4E2D;&#x6307;&#x5B9A; <a href="https://kubernetes.io/docs/concepts/workloads/controllers/deployment#progress-deadline-seconds" target="_blank"><code>spec.progressDeadlineSeconds</code></a>&#x3002;<code>spec.progressDeadlineSeconds</code> &#x8868;&#x793A; Deployment controller &#x7B49;&#x5F85;&#x591A;&#x5C11;&#x79D2;&#x624D;&#x80FD;&#x786E;&#x5B9A;&#xFF08;&#x901A;&#x8FC7; Deployment status&#xFF09;Deployment &#x8FDB;&#x7A0B;&#x662F;&#x5361;&#x4F4F;&#x7684;&#x3002;</p>
<p>&#x4E0B;&#x9762;&#x7684; <code>kubectl</code> &#x547D;&#x4EE4;&#x8BBE;&#x7F6E; <code>progressDeadlineSeconds</code> &#x4F7F; controller &#x5728; Deployment &#x5728;&#x8FDB;&#x5EA6;&#x5361;&#x4F4F; 10 &#x5206;&#x949F;&#x540E;&#x62A5;&#x544A;&#xFF1A;</p>
<pre class="language-"><code class="lang-bash">$ kubectl patch deployment/nginx-deployment -p <span class="token string">&apos;{&quot;spec&quot;:{&quot;progressDeadlineSeconds&quot;:600}}&apos;</span>
<span class="token string">&quot;nginx-deployment&quot;</span> patched
</code></pre>
<p>&#x5F53;&#x8D85;&#x8FC7;&#x622A;&#x6B62;&#x65F6;&#x95F4;&#x540E;&#xFF0C;Deployment controller &#x4F1A;&#x5728; Deployment &#x7684;<code>status.conditions</code> &#x4E2D;&#x589E;&#x52A0;&#x4E00;&#x6761; DeploymentCondition&#xFF0C;&#x5B83;&#x5305;&#x62EC;&#x5982;&#x4E0B;&#x5C5E;&#x6027;&#xFF1A;</p>
<ul>
<li>Type=Progressing</li>
<li>Status=False</li>
<li>Reason=ProgressDeadlineExceeded</li>
</ul>
<p><strong>&#x6CE8;&#x610F;&#xFF1A;</strong>kubernetes &#x9664;&#x4E86;&#x62A5;&#x544A; <code>Reason=ProgressDeadlineExceeded</code> &#x72B6;&#x6001;&#x4FE1;&#x606F;&#x5916;&#x4E0D;&#x4F1A;&#x5BF9;&#x5361;&#x4F4F;&#x7684; Deployment &#x505A;&#x4EFB;&#x4F55;&#x64CD;&#x4F5C;&#x3002;&#x66F4;&#x9AD8;&#x5C42;&#x6B21;&#x7684;&#x534F;&#x8C03;&#x5668;&#x53EF;&#x4EE5;&#x5229;&#x7528;&#x5B83;&#x5E76;&#x91C7;&#x53D6;&#x76F8;&#x5E94;&#x884C;&#x52A8;&#xFF0C;&#x4F8B;&#x5982;&#xFF0C;&#x56DE;&#x6EDA; Deployment &#x5230;&#x4E4B;&#x524D;&#x7684;&#x7248;&#x672C;&#x3002;</p>
<p><strong>&#x6CE8;&#x610F;&#xFF1A;</strong>&#x5982;&#x679C;&#x60A8;&#x6682;&#x505C;&#x4E86;&#x4E00;&#x4E2A; Deployment&#xFF0C;&#x5728;&#x6682;&#x505C;&#x7684;&#x8FD9;&#x6BB5;&#x65F6;&#x95F4;&#x5185; kubernetnes &#x4E0D;&#x4F1A;&#x68C0;&#x67E5;&#x60A8;&#x6307;&#x5B9A;&#x7684; deadline&#x3002;&#x60A8;&#x53EF;&#x4EE5;&#x5728; Deployment &#x7684; rollout &#x9014;&#x4E2D;&#x5B89;&#x5168;&#x7684;&#x6682;&#x505C;&#x5B83;&#xFF0C;&#x7136;&#x540E;&#x518D;&#x6062;&#x590D;&#x5B83;&#xFF0C;&#x8FD9;&#x4E0D;&#x4F1A;&#x89E6;&#x53D1;&#x8D85;&#x8FC7; deadline &#x7684;&#x72B6;&#x6001;&#x3002;</p>
<p>&#x60A8;&#x53EF;&#x80FD;&#x5728;&#x4F7F;&#x7528; Deployment &#x7684;&#x65F6;&#x5019;&#x9047;&#x5230;&#x4E00;&#x4E9B;&#x77ED;&#x6682;&#x7684;&#x9519;&#x8BEF;&#xFF0C;&#x8FD9;&#x4E9B;&#x53EF;&#x80FD;&#x662F;&#x7531;&#x4E8E;&#x60A8;&#x8BBE;&#x7F6E;&#x4E86;&#x592A;&#x77ED;&#x7684; timeout&#xFF0C;&#x4E5F;&#x6709;&#x53EF;&#x80FD;&#x662F;&#x56E0;&#x4E3A;&#x5404;&#x79CD;&#x5176;&#x4ED6;&#x9519;&#x8BEF;&#x5BFC;&#x81F4;&#x7684;&#x77ED;&#x6682;&#x9519;&#x8BEF;&#x3002;&#x4F8B;&#x5982;&#xFF0C;&#x5047;&#x8BBE;&#x60A8;&#x4F7F;&#x7528;&#x4E86;&#x65E0;&#x6548;&#x7684;&#x5F15;&#x7528;&#x3002;&#x5F53;&#x60A8; Describe Deployment &#x7684;&#x65F6;&#x5019;&#x53EF;&#x80FD;&#x4F1A;&#x6CE8;&#x610F;&#x5230;&#x5982;&#x4E0B;&#x4FE1;&#x606F;&#xFF1A;</p>
<pre class="language-"><code class="lang-bash">$ kubectl describe deployment nginx-deployment
<span class="token operator">&lt;</span><span class="token punctuation">..</span>.<span class="token operator">&gt;</span>
Conditions:
Type Status Reason
---- ------ ------
Available True MinimumReplicasAvailable
Progressing True ReplicaSetUpdated
ReplicaFailure True FailedCreate
<span class="token operator">&lt;</span><span class="token punctuation">..</span>.<span class="token operator">&gt;</span>
</code></pre>
<p>&#x6267;&#x884C;<code>kubectl get deployment nginx-deployment -o yaml</code>&#xFF0C;Deployement &#x7684;&#x72B6;&#x6001;&#x53EF;&#x80FD;&#x770B;&#x8D77;&#x6765;&#x50CF;&#x8FD9;&#x4E2A;&#x6837;&#x5B50;&#xFF1A;</p>
<pre class="language-"><code class="lang-yaml"><span class="token key atrule">status</span><span class="token punctuation">:</span>
<span class="token key atrule">availableReplicas</span><span class="token punctuation">:</span> <span class="token number">2</span>
<span class="token key atrule">conditions</span><span class="token punctuation">:</span>
<span class="token punctuation">-</span> <span class="token key atrule">lastTransitionTime</span><span class="token punctuation">:</span> <span class="token datetime number">2016-10-04T12:25:39Z</span>
<span class="token key atrule">lastUpdateTime</span><span class="token punctuation">:</span> <span class="token datetime number">2016-10-04T12:25:39Z</span>
<span class="token key atrule">message</span><span class="token punctuation">:</span> Replica set &quot;nginx<span class="token punctuation">-</span>deployment<span class="token punctuation">-</span>4262182780&quot; is progressing.
<span class="token key atrule">reason</span><span class="token punctuation">:</span> ReplicaSetUpdated
<span class="token key atrule">status</span><span class="token punctuation">:</span> <span class="token string">&quot;True&quot;</span>
<span class="token key atrule">type</span><span class="token punctuation">:</span> Progressing
<span class="token punctuation">-</span> <span class="token key atrule">lastTransitionTime</span><span class="token punctuation">:</span> <span class="token datetime number">2016-10-04T12:25:42Z</span>
<span class="token key atrule">lastUpdateTime</span><span class="token punctuation">:</span> <span class="token datetime number">2016-10-04T12:25:42Z</span>
<span class="token key atrule">message</span><span class="token punctuation">:</span> Deployment has minimum availability.
<span class="token key atrule">reason</span><span class="token punctuation">:</span> MinimumReplicasAvailable
<span class="token key atrule">status</span><span class="token punctuation">:</span> <span class="token string">&quot;True&quot;</span>
<span class="token key atrule">type</span><span class="token punctuation">:</span> Available
<span class="token punctuation">-</span> <span class="token key atrule">lastTransitionTime</span><span class="token punctuation">:</span> <span class="token datetime number">2016-10-04T12:25:39Z</span>
<span class="token key atrule">lastUpdateTime</span><span class="token punctuation">:</span> <span class="token datetime number">2016-10-04T12:25:39Z</span>
<span class="token key atrule">message</span><span class="token punctuation">:</span> &apos;Error creating<span class="token punctuation">:</span> pods &quot;nginx<span class="token punctuation">-</span>deployment<span class="token punctuation">-</span>4262182780<span class="token punctuation">-</span>&quot; is forbidden<span class="token punctuation">:</span> exceeded quota<span class="token punctuation">:</span>
object<span class="token punctuation">-</span>counts<span class="token punctuation">,</span> <span class="token key atrule">requested</span><span class="token punctuation">:</span> pods=1<span class="token punctuation">,</span> <span class="token key atrule">used</span><span class="token punctuation">:</span> pods=3<span class="token punctuation">,</span> <span class="token key atrule">limited</span><span class="token punctuation">:</span> pods=2&apos;
<span class="token key atrule">reason</span><span class="token punctuation">:</span> FailedCreate
<span class="token key atrule">status</span><span class="token punctuation">:</span> <span class="token string">&quot;True&quot;</span>
<span class="token key atrule">type</span><span class="token punctuation">:</span> ReplicaFailure
<span class="token key atrule">observedGeneration</span><span class="token punctuation">:</span> <span class="token number">3</span>
<span class="token key atrule">replicas</span><span class="token punctuation">:</span> <span class="token number">2</span>
<span class="token key atrule">unavailableReplicas</span><span class="token punctuation">:</span> <span class="token number">2</span>
</code></pre>
<p>&#x6700;&#x7EC8;&#xFF0C;&#x4E00;&#x65E6;&#x8D85;&#x8FC7; Deployment &#x8FDB;&#x7A0B;&#x7684; deadline&#xFF0C;kubernetes &#x4F1A;&#x66F4;&#x65B0;&#x72B6;&#x6001;&#x548C;&#x5BFC;&#x81F4; Progressing &#x72B6;&#x6001;&#x7684;&#x539F;&#x56E0;&#xFF1A;</p>
<pre class="language-"><code class="lang-bash">Conditions:
Type Status Reason
---- ------ ------
Available True MinimumReplicasAvailable
Progressing False ProgressDeadlineExceeded
ReplicaFailure True FailedCreate
</code></pre>
<p>&#x60A8;&#x53EF;&#x4EE5;&#x901A;&#x8FC7;&#x7F29;&#x5BB9; Deployment &#x7684;&#x65B9;&#x5F0F;&#x89E3;&#x51B3;&#x914D;&#x989D;&#x4E0D;&#x8DB3;&#x7684;&#x95EE;&#x9898;&#xFF0C;&#x6216;&#x8005;&#x589E;&#x52A0;&#x60A8;&#x7684; namespace &#x7684;&#x914D;&#x989D;&#x3002;&#x5982;&#x679C;&#x60A8;&#x6EE1;&#x8DB3;&#x4E86;&#x914D;&#x989D;&#x6761;&#x4EF6;&#x540E;&#xFF0C;Deployment controller &#x5C31;&#x4F1A;&#x5B8C;&#x6210;&#x60A8;&#x7684; Deployment rollout&#xFF0C;&#x60A8;&#x5C06;&#x770B;&#x5230; Deployment &#x7684;&#x72B6;&#x6001;&#x66F4;&#x65B0;&#x4E3A;&#x6210;&#x529F;&#x72B6;&#x6001;&#xFF08;<code>Status=True</code>&#x5E76;&#x4E14;<code>Reason=NewReplicaSetAvailable</code>&#xFF09;&#x3002;</p>
<pre class="language-"><code class="lang-bash">Conditions:
Type Status Reason
---- ------ ------
Available True MinimumReplicasAvailable
Progressing True NewReplicaSetAvailable
</code></pre>
<p><code>Type=Available</code>&#x3001; <code>Status=True</code> &#x610F;&#x5473;&#x7740;&#x60A8;&#x7684; Deployment &#x6709;&#x6700;&#x5C0F;&#x53EF;&#x7528;&#x6027;&#x3002; &#x6700;&#x5C0F;&#x53EF;&#x7528;&#x6027;&#x662F;&#x5728; Deployment &#x7B56;&#x7565;&#x4E2D;&#x6307;&#x5B9A;&#x7684;&#x53C2;&#x6570;&#x3002;<code>Type=Progressing</code> &#x3001; <code>Status=True</code> &#x610F;&#x5473;&#x7740;&#x60A8;&#x7684; Deployment &#x6216;&#x8005;&#x5728;&#x90E8;&#x7F72;&#x8FC7;&#x7A0B;&#x4E2D;&#xFF0C;&#x6216;&#x8005;&#x5DF2;&#x7ECF;&#x6210;&#x529F;&#x90E8;&#x7F72;&#xFF0C;&#x8FBE;&#x5230;&#x4E86;&#x671F;&#x671B;&#x7684;&#x6700;&#x5C11;&#x7684;&#x53EF;&#x7528; replica &#x6570;&#x91CF;&#xFF08;&#x67E5;&#x770B;&#x7279;&#x5B9A;&#x72B6;&#x6001;&#x7684; Reason&#x2014;&#x2014; &#x5728;&#x6211;&#x4EEC;&#x7684;&#x4F8B;&#x5B50;&#x4E2D; <code>Reason=NewReplicaSetAvailable</code> &#x610F;&#x5473;&#x7740; Deployment &#x5DF2;&#x7ECF;&#x5B8C;&#x6210;&#xFF09;&#x3002;</p>
<p>&#x60A8;&#x53EF;&#x4EE5;&#x4F7F;&#x7528; <code>kubectl rollout status</code> &#x547D;&#x4EE4;&#x67E5;&#x770B; Deployment &#x8FDB;&#x7A0B;&#x662F;&#x5426;&#x5931;&#x8D25;&#x3002;&#x5F53; Deployment &#x8FC7;&#x7A0B;&#x8D85;&#x8FC7;&#x4E86; deadline&#xFF0C;<code>kubectl rollout status</code> &#x5C06;&#x8FD4;&#x56DE;&#x975E; 0 &#x7684; exit code&#x3002;</p>
<pre class="language-"><code class="lang-bash">$ kubectl rollout status deploy/nginx
Waiting <span class="token keyword">for</span> rollout to finish: <span class="token number">2</span> out of <span class="token number">3</span> new replicas have been updated<span class="token punctuation">..</span>.
error: deployment <span class="token string">&quot;nginx&quot;</span> exceeded its progress deadline
$ <span class="token builtin class-name">echo</span> <span class="token variable">$?</span>
<span class="token number">1</span>
</code></pre>
<h3 id="&#x64CD;&#x4F5C;&#x5931;&#x8D25;&#x7684;-deployment">&#x64CD;&#x4F5C;&#x5931;&#x8D25;&#x7684; Deployment</h3>
<p>&#x6240;&#x6709;&#x5BF9;&#x5B8C;&#x6210;&#x7684; Deployment &#x7684;&#x64CD;&#x4F5C;&#x90FD;&#x9002;&#x7528;&#x4E8E;&#x5931;&#x8D25;&#x7684; Deployment&#x3002;&#x60A8;&#x53EF;&#x4EE5;&#x5BF9;&#x5B83;&#x6269; / &#x7F29;&#x5BB9;&#xFF0C;&#x56DE;&#x9000;&#x5230;&#x5386;&#x53F2;&#x7248;&#x672C;&#xFF0C;&#x60A8;&#x751A;&#x81F3;&#x53EF;&#x4EE5;&#x591A;&#x6B21;&#x6682;&#x505C;&#x5B83;&#x6765;&#x5E94;&#x7528; Deployment pod template&#x3002;</p>
<h2 id="&#x6E05;&#x7406;-policy">&#x6E05;&#x7406; Policy</h2>
<p>&#x60A8;&#x53EF;&#x4EE5;&#x8BBE;&#x7F6E; Deployment &#x4E2D;&#x7684; <code>.spec.revisionHistoryLimit</code> &#x9879;&#x6765;&#x6307;&#x5B9A;&#x4FDD;&#x7559;&#x591A;&#x5C11;&#x65E7;&#x7684; ReplicaSet&#x3002; &#x4F59;&#x4E0B;&#x7684;&#x5C06;&#x5728;&#x540E;&#x53F0;&#x88AB;&#x5F53;&#x4F5C;&#x5783;&#x573E;&#x6536;&#x96C6;&#x3002;&#x9ED8;&#x8BA4;&#x7684;&#xFF0C;&#x6240;&#x6709;&#x7684; revision &#x5386;&#x53F2;&#x5C31;&#x90FD;&#x4F1A;&#x88AB;&#x4FDD;&#x7559;&#x3002;&#x5728;&#x672A;&#x6765;&#x7684;&#x7248;&#x672C;&#x4E2D;&#xFF0C;&#x5C06;&#x4F1A;&#x66F4;&#x6539;&#x4E3A; 2&#x3002;</p>
<p><strong>&#x6CE8;&#x610F;&#xFF1A;</strong>&#x5C06;&#x8BE5;&#x503C;&#x8BBE;&#x7F6E;&#x4E3A; 0&#xFF0C;&#x5C06;&#x5BFC;&#x81F4;&#x6240;&#x6709;&#x7684; Deployment &#x5386;&#x53F2;&#x8BB0;&#x5F55;&#x90FD;&#x4F1A;&#x88AB;&#x6E05;&#x9664;&#xFF0C;&#x8BE5; Deployment &#x5C31;&#x65E0;&#x6CD5;&#x518D;&#x56DE;&#x9000;&#x4E86;&#x3002;</p>
<h2 id="&#x7528;&#x4F8B;">&#x7528;&#x4F8B;</h2>
<h3 id="&#x91D1;&#x4E1D;&#x96C0;-deployment">&#x91D1;&#x4E1D;&#x96C0; Deployment</h3>
<p>&#x5982;&#x679C;&#x60A8;&#x60F3;&#x8981;&#x4F7F;&#x7528; Deployment &#x5BF9;&#x90E8;&#x5206;&#x7528;&#x6237;&#x6216;&#x670D;&#x52A1;&#x5668;&#x53D1;&#x5E03; release&#xFF0C;&#x60A8;&#x53EF;&#x4EE5;&#x521B;&#x5EFA;&#x591A;&#x4E2A; Deployment&#xFF0C;&#x6BCF;&#x4E2A; Deployment &#x5BF9;&#x5E94;&#x4E00;&#x4E2A; release&#xFF0C;&#x53C2;&#x7167; <a href="https://kubernetes.io/docs/concepts/cluster-administration/manage-deployment/#canary-deployments" target="_blank">managing resources</a> &#x4E2D;&#x5BF9;&#x91D1;&#x4E1D;&#x96C0;&#x6A21;&#x5F0F;&#x7684;&#x63CF;&#x8FF0;&#x3002;</p>
<h2 id="&#x7F16;&#x5199;-deployment-spec">&#x7F16;&#x5199; Deployment Spec</h2>
<p>&#x5728;&#x6240;&#x6709;&#x7684; Kubernetes &#x914D;&#x7F6E;&#x4E2D;&#xFF0C;Deployment &#x4E5F;&#x9700;&#x8981; <code>apiVersion</code>&#xFF0C;<code>kind</code> &#x548C; <code>metadata</code> &#x8FD9;&#x4E9B;&#x914D;&#x7F6E;&#x9879;&#x3002;&#x914D;&#x7F6E;&#x6587;&#x4EF6;&#x7684;&#x901A;&#x7528;&#x4F7F;&#x7528;&#x8BF4;&#x660E;&#x67E5;&#x770B; <a href="https://kubernetes.io/docs/tasks/run-application/run-stateless-application-deployment/" target="_blank">&#x90E8;&#x7F72;&#x5E94;&#x7528;</a>&#xFF0C;&#x914D;&#x7F6E;&#x5BB9;&#x5668;&#xFF0C;&#x548C;&#x4F7F;&#x7528; kubectl &#x7BA1;&#x7406;&#x8D44;&#x6E90;&#x6587;&#x6863;&#x3002;</p>
<h3 id="pod-template">Pod Template</h3>
<p><code>.spec.template</code> &#x662F; <code>.spec</code> &#x4E2D;&#x552F;&#x4E00;&#x8981;&#x6C42;&#x7684;&#x5B57;&#x6BB5;&#x3002;</p>
<p><code>.spec.template</code> &#x662F; <a href="https://kubernetes.io/docs/user-guide/replication-controller/#pod-template" target="_blank">pod template</a>. &#x5B83;&#x8DDF; <a href="https://kubernetes.io/docs/user-guide/pods" target="_blank">Pod</a> &#x6709;&#x4E00;&#x6A21;&#x4E00;&#x6837;&#x7684; schema&#xFF0C;&#x9664;&#x4E86;&#x5B83;&#x662F;&#x5D4C;&#x5957;&#x7684;&#x5E76;&#x4E14;&#x4E0D;&#x9700;&#x8981; <code>apiVersion</code> &#x548C; <code>kind</code> &#x5B57;&#x6BB5;&#x3002;</p>
<p>&#x53E6;&#x5916;&#x4E3A;&#x4E86;&#x5212;&#x5206; Pod &#x7684;&#x8303;&#x56F4;&#xFF0C;Deployment &#x4E2D;&#x7684; pod template &#x5FC5;&#x987B;&#x6307;&#x5B9A;&#x9002;&#x5F53;&#x7684; label&#xFF08;&#x4E0D;&#x8981;&#x8DDF;&#x5176;&#x4ED6; controller &#x91CD;&#x590D;&#x4E86;&#xFF0C;&#x53C2;&#x8003; <a href="https://kubernetes.io/docs/concepts/workloads/controllers/deployment#selector" target="_blank">selector</a>&#xFF09;&#x548C;&#x9002;&#x5F53;&#x7684;&#x91CD;&#x542F;&#x7B56;&#x7565;&#x3002;</p>
<p><a href="https://kubernetes.io/docs/concepts/workloads/pods/pod-lifecycle" target="_blank"><code>.spec.template.spec.restartPolicy</code></a> &#x53EF;&#x4EE5;&#x8BBE;&#x7F6E;&#x4E3A; <code>Always</code> , &#x5982;&#x679C;&#x4E0D;&#x6307;&#x5B9A;&#x7684;&#x8BDD;&#x8FD9;&#x5C31;&#x662F;&#x9ED8;&#x8BA4;&#x914D;&#x7F6E;&#x3002;</p>
<h3 id="replicas">Replicas</h3>
<p><code>.spec.replicas</code> &#x662F;&#x53EF;&#x4EE5;&#x9009;&#x5B57;&#x6BB5;&#xFF0C;&#x6307;&#x5B9A;&#x671F;&#x671B;&#x7684; pod &#x6570;&#x91CF;&#xFF0C;&#x9ED8;&#x8BA4;&#x662F; 1&#x3002;</p>
<h3 id="selector">Selector</h3>
<p><code>.spec.selector</code> &#x662F;&#x53EF;&#x9009;&#x5B57;&#x6BB5;&#xFF0C;&#x7528;&#x6765;&#x6307;&#x5B9A; <a href="https://kubernetes.io/docs/concepts/overview/working-with-objects/labels" target="_blank">label selector</a> &#xFF0C;&#x5708;&#x5B9A; Deployment &#x7BA1;&#x7406;&#x7684; pod &#x8303;&#x56F4;&#x3002;</p>
<p>&#x5982;&#x679C;&#x88AB;&#x6307;&#x5B9A;&#xFF0C; <code>.spec.selector</code> &#x5FC5;&#x987B;&#x5339;&#x914D; <code>.spec.template.metadata.labels</code>&#xFF0C;&#x5426;&#x5219;&#x5B83;&#x5C06;&#x88AB; API &#x62D2;&#x7EDD;&#x3002;&#x5982;&#x679C; <code>.spec.selector</code> &#x6CA1;&#x6709;&#x88AB;&#x6307;&#x5B9A;&#xFF0C; <code>.spec.selector.matchLabels</code> &#x9ED8;&#x8BA4;&#x662F; <code>.spec.template.metadata.labels</code>&#x3002;</p>
<p>&#x5728; Pod &#x7684; template &#x8DDF; <code>.spec.template</code> &#x4E0D;&#x540C;&#x6216;&#x8005;&#x6570;&#x91CF;&#x8D85;&#x8FC7;&#x4E86; <code>.spec.replicas</code> &#x89C4;&#x5B9A;&#x7684;&#x6570;&#x91CF;&#x7684;&#x60C5;&#x51B5;&#x4E0B;&#xFF0C;Deployment &#x4F1A;&#x6740;&#x6389; label &#x8DDF; selector &#x4E0D;&#x540C;&#x7684; Pod&#x3002;</p>
<p><strong>&#x6CE8;&#x610F;&#xFF1A;</strong>&#x60A8;&#x4E0D;&#x5E94;&#x8BE5;&#x518D;&#x521B;&#x5EFA;&#x5176;&#x4ED6; label &#x8DDF;&#x8FD9;&#x4E2A; selector &#x5339;&#x914D;&#x7684; pod&#xFF0C;&#x6216;&#x8005;&#x901A;&#x8FC7;&#x5176;&#x4ED6; Deployment&#xFF0C;&#x6216;&#x8005;&#x901A;&#x8FC7;&#x5176;&#x4ED6; Controller&#xFF0C;&#x4F8B;&#x5982; ReplicaSet &#x548C; ReplicationController&#x3002;&#x5426;&#x5219;&#x8BE5; Deployment &#x4F1A;&#x88AB;&#x628A;&#x5B83;&#x4EEC;&#x5F53;&#x6210;&#x90FD;&#x662F;&#x81EA;&#x5DF1;&#x521B;&#x5EFA;&#x7684;&#x3002;Kubernetes &#x4E0D;&#x4F1A;&#x963B;&#x6B62;&#x60A8;&#x8FD9;&#x4E48;&#x505A;&#x3002;</p>
<p>&#x5982;&#x679C;&#x60A8;&#x6709;&#x591A;&#x4E2A; controller &#x4F7F;&#x7528;&#x4E86;&#x91CD;&#x590D;&#x7684; selector&#xFF0C;controller &#x4EEC;&#x5C31;&#x4F1A;&#x4E92;&#x76F8;&#x6253;&#x67B6;&#x5E76;&#x5BFC;&#x81F4;&#x4E0D;&#x6B63;&#x786E;&#x7684;&#x884C;&#x4E3A;&#x3002;</p>
<h3 id="&#x7B56;&#x7565;">&#x7B56;&#x7565;</h3>
<p><code>.spec.strategy</code> &#x6307;&#x5B9A;&#x65B0;&#x7684; Pod &#x66FF;&#x6362;&#x65E7;&#x7684; Pod &#x7684;&#x7B56;&#x7565;&#x3002; <code>.spec.strategy.type</code> &#x53EF;&#x4EE5;&#x662F; &quot;Recreate&quot; &#x6216;&#x8005;&#x662F; &quot;RollingUpdate&quot;&#x3002;&quot;RollingUpdate&quot; &#x662F;&#x9ED8;&#x8BA4;&#x503C;&#x3002;</p>
<h4 id="recreate-deployment">Recreate Deployment</h4>
<p><code>.spec.strategy.type==Recreate</code> &#x65F6;&#xFF0C;&#x5728;&#x521B;&#x5EFA;&#x51FA;&#x65B0;&#x7684; Pod &#x4E4B;&#x524D;&#x4F1A;&#x5148;&#x6740;&#x6389;&#x6240;&#x6709;&#x5DF2;&#x5B58;&#x5728;&#x7684; Pod&#x3002;</p>
<h4 id="rolling-update-deployment">Rolling Update Deployment</h4>
<p><code>.spec.strategy.type==RollingUpdate</code> &#x65F6;&#xFF0C;Deployment &#x4F7F;&#x7528; Rolling Update &#x7684;&#x65B9;&#x5F0F;&#x66F4;&#x65B0; Pod &#x3002;&#x60A8;&#x53EF;&#x4EE5;&#x6307;&#x5B9A; <code>maxUnavailable</code> &#x548C; <code>maxSurge</code> &#x6765;&#x63A7;&#x5236; rolling update &#x8FDB;&#x7A0B;&#x3002;</p>
<h5 id="max-unavailable">Max Unavailable</h5>
<p><code>.spec.strategy.rollingUpdate.maxUnavailable</code> &#x662F;&#x53EF;&#x9009;&#x914D;&#x7F6E;&#x9879;&#xFF0C;&#x7528;&#x6765;&#x6307;&#x5B9A;&#x5728;&#x5347;&#x7EA7;&#x8FC7;&#x7A0B;&#x4E2D;&#x4E0D;&#x53EF;&#x7528; Pod &#x7684;&#x6700;&#x5927;&#x6570;&#x91CF;&#x3002;&#x8BE5;&#x503C;&#x53EF;&#x4EE5;&#x662F;&#x4E00;&#x4E2A;&#x7EDD;&#x5BF9;&#x503C;&#xFF08;&#x4F8B;&#x5982; 5&#xFF09;&#xFF0C;&#x4E5F;&#x53EF;&#x4EE5;&#x662F;&#x671F;&#x671B; Pod &#x6570;&#x91CF;&#x7684;&#x767E;&#x5206;&#x6BD4;&#xFF08;&#x4F8B;&#x5982; 10%&#xFF09;&#x3002;&#x901A;&#x8FC7;&#x8BA1;&#x7B97;&#x767E;&#x5206;&#x6BD4;&#x7684;&#x7EDD;&#x5BF9;&#x503C;&#x5411;&#x4E0B;&#x53D6;&#x6574;&#x3002;&#x5982;&#x679C; <code>.spec.strategy.rollingUpdate.maxSurge</code> &#x4E3A; 0 &#x65F6;&#xFF0C;&#x8FD9;&#x4E2A;&#x503C;&#x4E0D;&#x53EF;&#x4EE5;&#x4E3A; 0&#x3002;&#x9ED8;&#x8BA4;&#x503C;&#x662F; 1&#x3002;</p>
<p>&#x4F8B;&#x5982;&#xFF0C;&#x8BE5;&#x503C;&#x8BBE;&#x7F6E;&#x6210; 30%&#xFF0C;&#x542F;&#x52A8; rolling update &#x540E;&#x65E7;&#x7684; ReplicatSet &#x5C06;&#x4F1A;&#x7ACB;&#x5373;&#x7F29;&#x5BB9;&#x5230;&#x671F;&#x671B;&#x7684; Pod &#x6570;&#x91CF;&#x7684; 70%&#x3002;&#x65B0;&#x7684; Pod ready &#x540E;&#xFF0C;&#x968F;&#x7740;&#x65B0;&#x7684; ReplicaSet &#x7684;&#x6269;&#x5BB9;&#xFF0C;&#x65E7;&#x7684; ReplicaSet &#x4F1A;&#x8FDB;&#x4E00;&#x6B65;&#x7F29;&#x5BB9;&#xFF0C;&#x786E;&#x4FDD;&#x5728;&#x5347;&#x7EA7;&#x7684;&#x6240;&#x6709;&#x65F6;&#x523B;&#x53EF;&#x4EE5;&#x7528;&#x7684; Pod &#x6570;&#x91CF;&#x81F3;&#x5C11;&#x662F;&#x671F;&#x671B; Pod &#x6570;&#x91CF;&#x7684; 70%&#x3002;</p>
<h5 id="max-surge">Max Surge</h5>
<p><code>.spec.strategy.rollingUpdate.maxSurge</code> &#x662F;&#x53EF;&#x9009;&#x914D;&#x7F6E;&#x9879;&#xFF0C;&#x7528;&#x6765;&#x6307;&#x5B9A;&#x53EF;&#x4EE5;&#x8D85;&#x8FC7;&#x671F;&#x671B;&#x7684; Pod &#x6570;&#x91CF;&#x7684;&#x6700;&#x5927;&#x4E2A;&#x6570;&#x3002;&#x8BE5;&#x503C;&#x53EF;&#x4EE5;&#x662F;&#x4E00;&#x4E2A;&#x7EDD;&#x5BF9;&#x503C;&#xFF08;&#x4F8B;&#x5982; 5&#xFF09;&#x6216;&#x8005;&#x662F;&#x671F;&#x671B;&#x7684; Pod &#x6570;&#x91CF;&#x7684;&#x767E;&#x5206;&#x6BD4;&#xFF08;&#x4F8B;&#x5982; 10%&#xFF09;&#x3002;&#x5F53; <code>MaxUnavailable</code> &#x4E3A; 0 &#x65F6;&#x8BE5;&#x503C;&#x4E0D;&#x53EF;&#x4EE5;&#x4E3A; 0&#x3002;&#x901A;&#x8FC7;&#x767E;&#x5206;&#x6BD4;&#x8BA1;&#x7B97;&#x7684;&#x7EDD;&#x5BF9;&#x503C;&#x5411;&#x4E0A;&#x53D6;&#x6574;&#x3002;&#x9ED8;&#x8BA4;&#x503C;&#x662F; 1&#x3002;</p>
<p>&#x4F8B;&#x5982;&#xFF0C;&#x8BE5;&#x503C;&#x8BBE;&#x7F6E;&#x6210; 30%&#xFF0C;&#x542F;&#x52A8; rolling update &#x540E;&#x65B0;&#x7684; ReplicatSet &#x5C06;&#x4F1A;&#x7ACB;&#x5373;&#x6269;&#x5BB9;&#xFF0C;&#x65B0;&#x8001; Pod &#x7684;&#x603B;&#x6570;&#x4E0D;&#x80FD;&#x8D85;&#x8FC7;&#x671F;&#x671B;&#x7684; Pod &#x6570;&#x91CF;&#x7684; 130%&#x3002;&#x65E7;&#x7684; Pod &#x88AB;&#x6740;&#x6389;&#x540E;&#xFF0C;&#x65B0;&#x7684; ReplicaSet &#x5C06;&#x7EE7;&#x7EED;&#x6269;&#x5BB9;&#xFF0C;&#x65E7;&#x7684; ReplicaSet &#x4F1A;&#x8FDB;&#x4E00;&#x6B65;&#x7F29;&#x5BB9;&#xFF0C;&#x786E;&#x4FDD;&#x5728;&#x5347;&#x7EA7;&#x7684;&#x6240;&#x6709;&#x65F6;&#x523B;&#x6240;&#x6709;&#x7684; Pod &#x6570;&#x91CF;&#x548C;&#x4E0D;&#x4F1A;&#x8D85;&#x8FC7;&#x671F;&#x671B; Pod &#x6570;&#x91CF;&#x7684; 130%&#x3002;</p>
<h3 id="progress-deadline-seconds">Progress Deadline Seconds</h3>
<p><code>.spec.progressDeadlineSeconds</code> &#x662F;&#x53EF;&#x9009;&#x914D;&#x7F6E;&#x9879;&#xFF0C;&#x7528;&#x6765;&#x6307;&#x5B9A;&#x5728;&#x7CFB;&#x7EDF;&#x62A5;&#x544A; Deployment &#x7684; <a href="https://kubernetes.io/docs/concepts/workloads/controllers/deployment#failed-deployment" target="_blank">failed progressing</a> &#x2014;&#x2014; &#x8868;&#x73B0;&#x4E3A; resource &#x7684;&#x72B6;&#x6001;&#x4E2D; <code>type=Progressing</code>&#x3001;<code>Status=False</code>&#x3001; <code>Reason=ProgressDeadlineExceeded</code> &#x524D;&#x53EF;&#x4EE5;&#x7B49;&#x5F85;&#x7684; Deployment &#x8FDB;&#x884C;&#x7684;&#x79D2;&#x6570;&#x3002;Deployment controller &#x4F1A;&#x7EE7;&#x7EED;&#x91CD;&#x8BD5;&#x8BE5; Deployment&#x3002;&#x672A;&#x6765;&#xFF0C;&#x5728;&#x5B9E;&#x73B0;&#x4E86;&#x81EA;&#x52A8;&#x56DE;&#x6EDA;&#x540E;&#xFF0C; deployment controller &#x5728;&#x89C2;&#x5BDF;&#x5230;&#x8FD9;&#x79CD;&#x72B6;&#x6001;&#x65F6;&#x5C31;&#x4F1A;&#x81EA;&#x52A8;&#x56DE;&#x6EDA;&#x3002;</p>
<p>&#x5982;&#x679C;&#x8BBE;&#x7F6E;&#x8BE5;&#x53C2;&#x6570;&#xFF0C;&#x8BE5;&#x503C;&#x5FC5;&#x987B;&#x5927;&#x4E8E; <code>.spec.minReadySeconds</code>&#x3002;</p>
<h3 id="min-ready-seconds">Min Ready Seconds</h3>
<p><code>.spec.minReadySeconds</code> &#x662F;&#x4E00;&#x4E2A;&#x53EF;&#x9009;&#x914D;&#x7F6E;&#x9879;&#xFF0C;&#x7528;&#x6765;&#x6307;&#x5B9A;&#x6CA1;&#x6709;&#x4EFB;&#x4F55;&#x5BB9;&#x5668; crash &#x7684; Pod &#x5E76;&#x88AB;&#x8BA4;&#x4E3A;&#x662F;&#x53EF;&#x7528;&#x72B6;&#x6001;&#x7684;&#x6700;&#x5C0F;&#x79D2;&#x6570;&#x3002;&#x9ED8;&#x8BA4;&#x662F; 0&#xFF08;Pod &#x5728; ready &#x540E;&#x5C31;&#x4F1A;&#x88AB;&#x8BA4;&#x4E3A;&#x662F;&#x53EF;&#x7528;&#x72B6;&#x6001;&#xFF09;&#x3002;&#x8FDB;&#x4E00;&#x6B65;&#x4E86;&#x89E3;&#x4EC0;&#x4E48;&#x4EC0;&#x4E48;&#x540E; Pod &#x4F1A;&#x88AB;&#x8BA4;&#x4E3A;&#x662F; ready &#x72B6;&#x6001;&#xFF0C;&#x53C2;&#x9605; <a href="https://kubernetes.io/docs/concepts/workloads/pods/pod-lifecycle/#container-probes" target="_blank">Container Probes</a>&#x3002;</p>
<h3 id="rollback-to">Rollback To</h3>
<p><code>.spec.rollbackTo</code> &#x662F;&#x4E00;&#x4E2A;&#x53EF;&#x4EE5;&#x9009;&#x914D;&#x7F6E;&#x9879;&#xFF0C;&#x7528;&#x6765;&#x914D;&#x7F6E; Deployment &#x56DE;&#x9000;&#x7684;&#x914D;&#x7F6E;&#x3002;&#x8BBE;&#x7F6E;&#x8BE5;&#x53C2;&#x6570;&#x5C06;&#x89E6;&#x53D1;&#x56DE;&#x9000;&#x64CD;&#x4F5C;&#xFF0C;&#x6BCF;&#x6B21;&#x56DE;&#x9000;&#x5B8C;&#x6210;&#x540E;&#xFF0C;&#x8BE5;&#x503C;&#x5C31;&#x4F1A;&#x88AB;&#x6E05;&#x9664;&#x3002;</p>
<h4 id="revision">Revision</h4>
<p><code>.spec.rollbackTo.revision</code> &#x662F;&#x4E00;&#x4E2A;&#x53EF;&#x9009;&#x914D;&#x7F6E;&#x9879;&#xFF0C;&#x7528;&#x6765;&#x6307;&#x5B9A;&#x56DE;&#x9000;&#x5230;&#x7684; revision&#x3002;&#x9ED8;&#x8BA4;&#x662F; 0&#xFF0C;&#x610F;&#x5473;&#x7740;&#x56DE;&#x9000;&#x5230;&#x4E0A;&#x4E00;&#x4E2A; revision&#x3002;</p>
<h3 id="revision-history-limit">Revision History Limit</h3>
<p>Deployment revision history &#x5B58;&#x50A8;&#x5728;&#x5B83;&#x63A7;&#x5236;&#x7684; ReplicaSets &#x4E2D;&#x3002;</p>
<p><code>.spec.revisionHistoryLimit</code> &#x662F;&#x4E00;&#x4E2A;&#x53EF;&#x9009;&#x914D;&#x7F6E;&#x9879;&#xFF0C;&#x7528;&#x6765;&#x6307;&#x5B9A;&#x53EF;&#x4EE5;&#x4FDD;&#x7559;&#x7684;&#x65E7;&#x7684; ReplicaSet &#x6570;&#x91CF;&#x3002;&#x8BE5;&#x7406;&#x60F3;&#x503C;&#x53D6;&#x51B3;&#x4E8E;&#x5FC3; Deployment &#x7684;&#x9891;&#x7387;&#x548C;&#x7A33;&#x5B9A;&#x6027;&#x3002;&#x5982;&#x679C;&#x8BE5;&#x503C;&#x6CA1;&#x6709;&#x8BBE;&#x7F6E;&#x7684;&#x8BDD;&#xFF0C;&#x9ED8;&#x8BA4;&#x6240;&#x6709;&#x65E7;&#x7684; Replicaset &#x6216;&#x4F1A;&#x88AB;&#x4FDD;&#x7559;&#xFF0C;&#x5C06;&#x8D44;&#x6E90;&#x5B58;&#x50A8;&#x5728; etcd &#x4E2D;&#xFF0C;&#x662F;&#x7528; <code>kubectl get rs</code> &#x67E5;&#x770B;&#x8F93;&#x51FA;&#x3002;&#x6BCF;&#x4E2A; Deployment &#x7684;&#x8BE5;&#x914D;&#x7F6E;&#x90FD;&#x4FDD;&#x5B58;&#x5728; ReplicaSet &#x4E2D;&#xFF0C;&#x7136;&#x800C;&#xFF0C;&#x4E00;&#x65E6;&#x60A8;&#x5220;&#x9664;&#x7684;&#x65E7;&#x7684; RepelicaSet&#xFF0C;&#x60A8;&#x7684; Deployment &#x5C31;&#x65E0;&#x6CD5;&#x518D;&#x56DE;&#x9000;&#x5230;&#x90A3;&#x4E2A; revison &#x4E86;&#x3002;</p>
<p>&#x5982;&#x679C;&#x60A8;&#x5C06;&#x8BE5;&#x503C;&#x8BBE;&#x7F6E;&#x4E3A; 0&#xFF0C;&#x6240;&#x6709;&#x5177;&#x6709; 0 &#x4E2A; replica &#x7684; ReplicaSet &#x90FD;&#x4F1A;&#x88AB;&#x5220;&#x9664;&#x3002;&#x5728;&#x8FD9;&#x79CD;&#x60C5;&#x51B5;&#x4E0B;&#xFF0C;&#x65B0;&#x7684; Deployment rollout &#x65E0;&#x6CD5;&#x64A4;&#x9500;&#xFF0C;&#x56E0;&#x4E3A; revision history &#x90FD;&#x88AB;&#x6E05;&#x7406;&#x6389;&#x4E86;&#x3002;</p>
<h3 id="paused">Paused</h3>
<p><code>.spec.paused</code> &#x662F;&#x53EF;&#x4EE5;&#x53EF;&#x9009;&#x914D;&#x7F6E;&#x9879;&#xFF0C;boolean &#x503C;&#x3002;&#x7528;&#x6765;&#x6307;&#x5B9A;&#x6682;&#x505C;&#x548C;&#x6062;&#x590D; Deployment&#x3002;Paused &#x548C;&#x6CA1;&#x6709; paused &#x7684; Deployment &#x4E4B;&#x95F4;&#x7684;&#x552F;&#x4E00;&#x533A;&#x522B;&#x5C31;&#x662F;&#xFF0C;&#x6240;&#x6709;&#x5BF9; paused deployment &#x4E2D;&#x7684; PodTemplateSpec &#x7684;&#x4FEE;&#x6539;&#x90FD;&#x4E0D;&#x4F1A;&#x89E6;&#x53D1;&#x65B0;&#x7684; rollout&#x3002;Deployment &#x88AB;&#x521B;&#x5EFA;&#x4E4B;&#x540E;&#x9ED8;&#x8BA4;&#x662F;&#x975E; paused&#x3002; </p>
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