2020-10-12 18:54:47 +08:00
|
|
|
|
# Fedora 安装 Docker
|
2018-10-21 09:43:53 +08:00
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
>警告:切勿在没有配置 Docker dnf 源的情况下直接使用 dnf 命令安装 Docker.
|
|
|
|
|
|
2019-11-05 23:35:43 +08:00
|
|
|
|
## 准备工作
|
2018-10-21 09:43:53 +08:00
|
|
|
|
|
2019-11-05 23:35:43 +08:00
|
|
|
|
### 系统要求
|
2018-10-21 09:43:53 +08:00
|
|
|
|
|
2020-10-12 18:54:47 +08:00
|
|
|
|
Docker 支持以下版本的 [Fedora](https://getfedora.org/) 操作系统:
|
2018-10-21 09:43:53 +08:00
|
|
|
|
|
2019-08-31 18:35:14 +08:00
|
|
|
|
* 30
|
2020-03-10 14:24:46 +08:00
|
|
|
|
* 31
|
2020-10-14 23:30:27 +08:00
|
|
|
|
* 32
|
2018-10-21 09:43:53 +08:00
|
|
|
|
|
2019-11-05 23:35:43 +08:00
|
|
|
|
### 卸载旧版本
|
2018-10-21 09:43:53 +08:00
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
旧版本的 Docker 称为 `docker` 或者 `docker-engine`,使用以下命令卸载旧版本:
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
```bash
|
|
|
|
|
$ sudo dnf remove docker \
|
|
|
|
|
docker-client \
|
|
|
|
|
docker-client-latest \
|
|
|
|
|
docker-common \
|
|
|
|
|
docker-latest \
|
|
|
|
|
docker-latest-logrotate \
|
|
|
|
|
docker-logrotate \
|
|
|
|
|
docker-selinux \
|
|
|
|
|
docker-engine-selinux \
|
|
|
|
|
docker-engine
|
|
|
|
|
```
|
|
|
|
|
|
2019-11-05 23:35:43 +08:00
|
|
|
|
## 使用 dnf 安装
|
2018-10-21 09:43:53 +08:00
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
执行以下命令安装依赖包:
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
```bash
|
|
|
|
|
$ sudo dnf -y install dnf-plugins-core
|
|
|
|
|
```
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
鉴于国内网络问题,强烈建议使用国内源,官方源请在注释中查看。
|
|
|
|
|
|
2018-12-30 17:43:34 +08:00
|
|
|
|
执行下面的命令添加 `dnf` 软件源:
|
2018-10-21 09:43:53 +08:00
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
```bash
|
|
|
|
|
$ sudo dnf config-manager \
|
|
|
|
|
--add-repo \
|
|
|
|
|
https://mirrors.ustc.edu.cn/docker-ce/linux/fedora/docker-ce.repo
|
|
|
|
|
|
2020-03-12 14:47:09 +08:00
|
|
|
|
$ sudo sed -i 's/download.docker.com/mirrors.ustc.edu.cn\/docker-ce/g' /etc/yum.repos.d/docker-ce.repo
|
2018-10-21 09:43:53 +08:00
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
# 官方源
|
|
|
|
|
# $ sudo dnf config-manager \
|
|
|
|
|
# --add-repo \
|
|
|
|
|
# https://download.docker.com/linux/fedora/docker-ce.repo
|
|
|
|
|
```
|
|
|
|
|
|
2020-10-12 18:54:47 +08:00
|
|
|
|
如果需要测试版本的 Docker 请使用以下命令:
|
2018-10-21 09:43:53 +08:00
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
```bash
|
|
|
|
|
$ sudo dnf config-manager --set-enabled docker-ce-test
|
|
|
|
|
```
|
|
|
|
|
|
2020-10-12 18:54:47 +08:00
|
|
|
|
你也可以禁用测试版本的 Docker
|
2018-10-21 09:43:53 +08:00
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
```bash
|
|
|
|
|
$ sudo dnf config-manager --set-disabled docker-ce-test
|
|
|
|
|
```
|
|
|
|
|
|
2020-10-12 18:54:47 +08:00
|
|
|
|
### 安装 Docker
|
2018-10-21 09:43:53 +08:00
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
更新 `dnf` 软件源缓存,并安装 `docker-ce`。
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
```bash
|
|
|
|
|
$ sudo dnf update
|
2020-10-12 18:54:47 +08:00
|
|
|
|
$ sudo dnf install docker-ce docker-ce-cli containerd.io
|
2018-10-21 09:43:53 +08:00
|
|
|
|
```
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
你也可以使用以下命令安装指定版本的 Docker
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
```bash
|
|
|
|
|
$ dnf list docker-ce --showduplicates | sort -r
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
docker-ce.x86_64 18.06.1.ce-3.fc28 docker-ce-stable
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
$ sudo dnf -y install docker-ce-18.06.1.ce
|
|
|
|
|
```
|
|
|
|
|
|
2020-10-14 23:30:27 +08:00
|
|
|
|
由于 Fedora 31 默认启用了 **Cgroupv2**,稳定版本的 Docker 与 Cgroupv2 不兼容,你可以安装测试版 Docker,或者执行以下命令切换到 **Cgroupv1** 并重启计算机:
|
2020-03-10 14:24:46 +08:00
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
```bash
|
|
|
|
|
$ sudo grubby --update-kernel=ALL --args="systemd.unified_cgroup_hierarchy=0"
|
|
|
|
|
```
|
|
|
|
|
|
2019-11-05 23:35:43 +08:00
|
|
|
|
## 使用脚本自动安装
|
2018-10-21 09:43:53 +08:00
|
|
|
|
|
2019-09-25 10:30:12 +08:00
|
|
|
|
在测试或开发环境中 Docker 官方为了简化安装流程,提供了一套便捷的安装脚本,Debian 系统上可以使用这套脚本安装,另外可以通过 `--mirror` 选项使用国内源进行安装:
|
2018-10-21 09:43:53 +08:00
|
|
|
|
|
2020-10-14 23:30:27 +08:00
|
|
|
|
> 若你想安装测试版的 Docker, 请从 test.docker.com 获取脚本
|
|
|
|
|
|
2018-10-21 09:43:53 +08:00
|
|
|
|
```bash
|
2020-10-14 23:30:27 +08:00
|
|
|
|
# $ curl -fsSL test.docker.com -o get-docker.sh
|
2018-10-21 09:43:53 +08:00
|
|
|
|
$ curl -fsSL get.docker.com -o get-docker.sh
|
|
|
|
|
$ sudo sh get-docker.sh --mirror Aliyun
|
2019-09-25 10:30:12 +08:00
|
|
|
|
# $ sudo sh get-docker.sh --mirror AzureChinaCloud
|
2018-10-21 09:43:53 +08:00
|
|
|
|
```
|
|
|
|
|
|
2020-10-12 18:54:47 +08:00
|
|
|
|
执行这个命令后,脚本就会自动的将一切准备工作做好,并且把 Docker 最新稳定(stable)版本安装在系统中。
|
2018-10-21 09:43:53 +08:00
|
|
|
|
|
2020-10-12 18:54:47 +08:00
|
|
|
|
## 启动 Docker
|
2018-10-21 09:43:53 +08:00
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
```bash
|
|
|
|
|
$ sudo systemctl enable docker
|
|
|
|
|
$ sudo systemctl start docker
|
|
|
|
|
```
|
|
|
|
|
|
2019-11-05 23:35:43 +08:00
|
|
|
|
## 建立 docker 用户组
|
2018-10-21 09:43:53 +08:00
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
默认情况下,`docker` 命令会使用 [Unix socket](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Unix_domain_socket) 与 Docker 引擎通讯。而只有 `root` 用户和 `docker` 组的用户才可以访问 Docker 引擎的 Unix socket。出于安全考虑,一般 Linux 系统上不会直接使用 `root` 用户。因此,更好地做法是将需要使用 `docker` 的用户加入 `docker` 用户组。
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
建立 `docker` 组:
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
```bash
|
|
|
|
|
$ sudo groupadd docker
|
|
|
|
|
```
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
将当前用户加入 `docker` 组:
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
```bash
|
|
|
|
|
$ sudo usermod -aG docker $USER
|
|
|
|
|
```
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
退出当前终端并重新登录,进行如下测试。
|
|
|
|
|
|
2019-11-05 23:35:43 +08:00
|
|
|
|
## 测试 Docker 是否安装正确
|
2018-10-21 09:43:53 +08:00
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
```bash
|
|
|
|
|
$ docker run hello-world
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Unable to find image 'hello-world:latest' locally
|
|
|
|
|
latest: Pulling from library/hello-world
|
|
|
|
|
d1725b59e92d: Pull complete
|
|
|
|
|
Digest: sha256:0add3ace90ecb4adbf7777e9aacf18357296e799f81cabc9fde470971e499788
|
|
|
|
|
Status: Downloaded newer image for hello-world:latest
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Hello from Docker!
|
|
|
|
|
This message shows that your installation appears to be working correctly.
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
To generate this message, Docker took the following steps:
|
|
|
|
|
1. The Docker client contacted the Docker daemon.
|
|
|
|
|
2. The Docker daemon pulled the "hello-world" image from the Docker Hub.
|
|
|
|
|
(amd64)
|
|
|
|
|
3. The Docker daemon created a new container from that image which runs the
|
|
|
|
|
executable that produces the output you are currently reading.
|
|
|
|
|
4. The Docker daemon streamed that output to the Docker client, which sent it
|
|
|
|
|
to your terminal.
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
To try something more ambitious, you can run an Ubuntu container with:
|
|
|
|
|
$ docker run -it ubuntu bash
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Share images, automate workflows, and more with a free Docker ID:
|
|
|
|
|
https://hub.docker.com/
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
For more examples and ideas, visit:
|
|
|
|
|
https://docs.docker.com/get-started/
|
|
|
|
|
```
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
若能正常输出以上信息,则说明安装成功。
|
|
|
|
|
|
2019-11-05 23:35:43 +08:00
|
|
|
|
## 镜像加速
|
2018-10-21 09:43:53 +08:00
|
|
|
|
|
2019-01-06 10:00:38 +08:00
|
|
|
|
如果在使用过程中发现拉取 Docker 镜像十分缓慢,可以配置 Docker [国内镜像加速](mirror.md)。
|
2018-10-21 09:43:53 +08:00
|
|
|
|
|
2019-11-05 23:35:43 +08:00
|
|
|
|
## 参考文档
|
2018-10-21 09:43:53 +08:00
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
* [Docker 官方 Fedora 安装文档](https://docs.docker.com/install/linux/docker-ce/fedora)。
|