docker_practice/cases/os/debian.md

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# Debian/Ubuntu
`Debian` `Ubuntu` **Debian ** `Docker Hub`
## Debian
![Debian ](_images/debian-logo.png)
`Debian` `GPL` **Debian Debian Project** **Debian ** `3000` `Software in the Public Interest` `Debian` `Unix` `Debian` `25,000` `12`
`Debian` `Linux` `Debian GNU/Linux` `GNU Hurd` `Debian GNU/Hurd` `FreeBSD` `Debian GNU/kFreeBSD` `NetBSD` `Debian GNU/NetBSD` `Debian` `OpenSolaris` `Nexenta OS` `Debian` `Linux` `Debian GNU/Linux`
`Linux` `Ubuntu``Knoppix` `Linspire` `Xandros` `Debian GNU/Linux`
### 使 Debian
使 `docker search` `Debian`
```bash
$ docker search debian
NAME DESCRIPTION STARS OFFICIAL AUTOMATED
debian Debian is... 1565 [OK]
neurodebian NeuroDebian... 26 [OK]
armbuild/debian port of debian 8 [OK]
...
```
`debian` `neurodebian`
使 `docker run` `Debian`
```bash
$ docker run -it debian bash
root@668e178d8d69:/# cat /etc/issue
Debian GNU/Linux 8
```
`Debian`
## Ubuntu
![Ubuntu ](_images/ubuntu-logo.jpg)
`Ubuntu` `GNU/Linux` ubuntu`Ubuntu` `Ubuntu` `Debian` `GNOME/Unity` `Debian` 6 2 **Long Term SupportLTS** 3
### 使 Ubuntu
`Ubuntu` 使 `--filter=stars=10` `10`
```bash
$ docker search --filter=stars=10 ubuntu
NAME DESCRIPTION STARS OFFICIAL AUTOMATED
ubuntu Ubuntu is a Debian-based Linux operating sys… 10539 [OK]
dorowu/ubuntu-desktop-lxde-vnc Docker image to provide HTML5 VNC interface … 395 [OK]
rastasheep/ubuntu-sshd Dockerized SSH service, built on top of offi… 243 [OK]
consol/ubuntu-xfce-vnc Ubuntu container with "headless" VNC session… 210 [OK]
ubuntu-upstart Upstart is an event-based replacement for th… 105 [OK]
ansible/ubuntu14.04-ansible Ubuntu 14.04 LTS with ansible 98 [OK]
neurodebian NeuroDebian provides neuroscience research s… 64 [OK]
1and1internet/ubuntu-16-nginx-php-phpmyadmin-mysql-5 ubuntu-16-nginx-php-phpmyadmin-mysql-5 50 [OK]
ubuntu-debootstrap debootstrap --variant=minbase --components=m… 42 [OK]
nuagebec/ubuntu Simple always updated Ubuntu docker images w… 24 [OK]
i386/ubuntu Ubuntu is a Debian-based Linux operating sys… 19
1and1internet/ubuntu-16-apache-php-5.6 ubuntu-16-apache-php-5.6 14 [OK]
1and1internet/ubuntu-16-apache-php-7.0 ubuntu-16-apache-php-7.0 13 [OK]
eclipse/ubuntu_jdk8 Ubuntu, JDK8, Maven 3, git, curl, nmap, mc, … 12 [OK]
1and1internet/ubuntu-16-nginx-php-phpmyadmin-mariadb-10 ubuntu-16-nginx-php-phpmyadmin-mariadb-10 11 [OK]
```
使
`ubuntu:18.04` 使
使 `-ti` `bash` `ubuntu`
```bash
$ docker run -ti ubuntu:18.04 /bin/bash
root@7d93de07bf76:/# cat /etc/os-release
NAME="Ubuntu"
VERSION="18.04.1 LTS (Bionic Beaver)"
ID=ubuntu
ID_LIKE=debian
PRETTY_NAME="Ubuntu 18.04.1 LTS"
VERSION_ID="18.04"
HOME_URL="https://www.ubuntu.com/"
SUPPORT_URL="https://help.ubuntu.com/"
BUG_REPORT_URL="https://bugs.launchpad.net/ubuntu/"
PRIVACY_POLICY_URL="https://www.ubuntu.com/legal/terms-and-policies/privacy-policy"
VERSION_CODENAME=bionic
UBUNTU_CODENAME=bionic
```
使 `apt-get` `E: Unable to locate package`
```bash
root@7d93de07bf76:/# apt-get install curl
Reading package lists... Done
Building dependency tree
Reading state information... Done
E: Unable to locate package curl
```
`apt-get` Docker `apt` `apt-get update` `apt-get`
```bash
root@7d93de07bf76:/# apt-get update
Get:1 http://archive.ubuntu.com/ubuntu bionic InRelease [242 kB]
Get:2 http://security.ubuntu.com/ubuntu bionic-security InRelease [88.7 kB]
Get:3 http://security.ubuntu.com/ubuntu bionic-security/multiverse amd64 Packages [7348 B]
Get:4 http://security.ubuntu.com/ubuntu bionic-security/universe amd64 Packages [823 kB]
Get:5 http://archive.ubuntu.com/ubuntu bionic-updates InRelease [88.7 kB]
Get:6 http://archive.ubuntu.com/ubuntu bionic-backports InRelease [74.6 kB]
Get:7 http://archive.ubuntu.com/ubuntu bionic/universe amd64 Packages [11.3 MB]
Get:8 http://security.ubuntu.com/ubuntu bionic-security/restricted amd64 Packages [31.0 kB]
Get:9 http://security.ubuntu.com/ubuntu bionic-security/main amd64 Packages [835 kB]
Get:10 http://archive.ubuntu.com/ubuntu bionic/restricted amd64 Packages [13.5 kB]
Get:11 http://archive.ubuntu.com/ubuntu bionic/main amd64 Packages [1344 kB]
Get:12 http://archive.ubuntu.com/ubuntu bionic/multiverse amd64 Packages [186 kB]
Get:13 http://archive.ubuntu.com/ubuntu bionic-updates/main amd64 Packages [1127 kB]
Get:14 http://archive.ubuntu.com/ubuntu bionic-updates/universe amd64 Packages [1350 kB]
Get:15 http://archive.ubuntu.com/ubuntu bionic-updates/multiverse amd64 Packages [11.4 kB]
Get:16 http://archive.ubuntu.com/ubuntu bionic-updates/restricted amd64 Packages [44.7 kB]
Get:17 http://archive.ubuntu.com/ubuntu bionic-backports/main amd64 Packages [2496 B]
Get:18 http://archive.ubuntu.com/ubuntu bionic-backports/universe amd64 Packages [4252 B]
Fetched 17.6 MB in 1min 25s (207 kB/s)
Reading package lists... Done
```
`curl`
```bash
root@7d93de07bf76:/# apt-get install curl
Reading package lists... Done
Building dependency tree
Reading state information... Done
The following additional packages will be installed:
ca-certificates krb5-locales libasn1-8-heimdal libcurl4 libgssapi-krb5-2 libgssapi3-heimdal libhcrypto4-heimdal libheimbase1-heimdal libheimntlm0-heimdal libhx509-5-heimdal
libk5crypto3 libkeyutils1 libkrb5-26-heimdal libkrb5-3 libkrb5support0 libldap-2.4-2 libldap-common libnghttp2-14 libpsl5 libroken18-heimdal librtmp1 libsasl2-2 libsasl2-modules libsasl2-modules-db libsqlite3-0 libssl1.1 libwind0-heimdal openssl publicsuffix
...
root@7d93de07bf76:/# curl
curl: try 'curl --help' or 'curl --manual' for more information
```
`apache`
```bash
root@7d93de07bf76:/# apt-get install -y apache2
Reading package lists... Done
Building dependency tree
Reading state information... Done
The following additional packages will be installed:
apache2-bin apache2-data apache2-utils file libapr1 libaprutil1 libaprutil1-dbd-sqlite3 libaprutil1-ldap libexpat1 libgdbm-compat4 libgdbm5 libicu60 liblua5.2-0 libmagic-mgc libmagic1 libperl5.26 libxml2 mime-support netbase perl perl-modules-5.26 ssl-cert xz-utils
...
```
`apache` 使 `curl` 访
```bash
root@7d93de07bf76:/# service apache2 start
* Starting web server apache2 AH00558: apache2: Could not reliably determine the server's fully qualified domain name, using 172.17.0.2. Set the 'ServerName' directive globally to suppress this message
*
root@7d93de07bf76:/# curl 127.0.0.1
<!DOCTYPE html PUBLIC "-//W3C//DTD XHTML 1.0 Transitional//EN" "http://www.w3.org/TR/xhtml1/DTD/xhtml1-transitional.dtd">
<html xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml">
<!--
Modified from the Debian original for Ubuntu
Last updated: 2016-11-16
See: https://launchpad.net/bugs/1288690
-->
<head>
<meta http-equiv="Content-Type" content="text/html; charset=UTF-8" />
<title>Apache2 Ubuntu Default Page: It works</title>
<style type="text/css" media="screen">
...
```
使 `-p` 访
##
* `Debian` https://www.debian.org/
* `Neuro Debian` http://neuro.debian.net/
* `Debian` https://github.com/Debian
* `Debian` https://hub.docker.com/_/debian/
* `Debian` https://github.com/tianon/docker-brew-debian/
* `Ubuntu` https://ubuntu.com
* `Ubuntu` https://github.com/ubuntu
* `Ubuntu` https://hub.docker.com/_/ubuntu/
* `Ubuntu` https://github.com/tianon/docker-brew-ubuntu-core