mirror of https://github.com/easzlab/kubeasz.git
更新gitlab-ci文档part1
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# 3.3 K8S 应用部署模板 app.yaml
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以下示例配置仅做参考,描述一个简单 java spring boot项目的 k8s 部署文件模板;在实际部署前,CI/CD流程中会对变量做替换。详见 [gitlab-ci.yml文件](gitlab-ci.yml.md)。
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``` bash
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---
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apiVersion: v1
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kind: Namespace
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metadata:
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name: PROJECT_NS
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---
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apiVersion: v1
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kind: Secret
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metadata:
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name: harborkey1
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namespace: PROJECT_NS
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data:
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#待替换的变量DOCKER_KEY,参考 docs/guide/harbor.md#k8s%E4%B8%AD%E4%BD%BF%E7%94%A8harbor
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.dockerconfigjson: DOCKER_KEY
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type: kubernetes.io/dockerconfigjson
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---
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apiVersion: extensions/v1beta1
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kind: Deployment
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metadata:
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name: APP_NAME
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namespace: PROJECT_NS
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spec:
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replicas: APP_REP
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template:
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metadata:
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labels:
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run: APP_NAME
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spec:
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containers:
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- name: APP_NAME
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image: ProjectImage
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imagePullPolicy: Always
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env:
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# 设置java的时区
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- name: TZ
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value: "Asia/Shanghai"
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resources:
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limits:
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cpu: 500m
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memory: 1600Mi
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requests:
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cpu: 200m
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memory: 800Mi
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ports:
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- containerPort: 8080
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imagePullSecrets:
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- name: harborkey1
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---
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apiVersion: v1
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kind: Service
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metadata:
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labels:
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run: APP_NAME
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name: APP_NAME
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namespace: PROJECT_NS
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spec:
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ports:
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- port: 80
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protocol: TCP
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targetPort: 8080
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selector:
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run: APP_NAME
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sessionAffinity: None
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---
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apiVersion: extensions/v1beta1
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kind: Ingress
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metadata:
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name: APP_NAME-ingress
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namespace: PROJECT_NS
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spec:
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rules:
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- host: AppDomain
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http:
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paths:
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- path: /AppPath
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backend:
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serviceName: APP_NAME
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servicePort: 80
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```
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# 3.2环境配置替换 config.sh
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首先应用开发人员需要整理在不同环境(测试环境/生产环境)的配置参数,并在源代码中约定好替换的名称(如db_host, db_usr);然后用户必须在项目gitlab web界面(“Settings”>"CI/CD">"Variables")配置变量;最后根据gitlab-ci.yml文件定义CI/CD执行的需要,编写如下简单变量替换shell脚本;该shell脚本分别在测试环境打包阶段(beta-build)和生产环境打包阶段(prod-build)阶段运行。
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以下脚本仅作示例,实际应根据项目需要增加/修改需替换变量名称与对应源代码中的配置文件
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``` bash
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#!/bin/bash
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#set -o verbose
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#set -o xtrace
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beta_config() {
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sed -i \
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-e "s/db_host/$BETA_DB_HOST/g" \
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-e "s/db_usr/$BETA_DB_USR/g" \
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-e "s/db_pwd/$BETA_DB_PWD/g" \
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example-web/src/main/resources/config/datasource.properties # 项目源码的配置文件
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sed -i \
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-e "s/redis_host/$BETA_REDIS_HOST/g" \
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-e "s/redis_port/$BETA_REDIS_PORT/g" \
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-e "s/redis_pwd/$BETA_REDIS_PWD/g" \
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example-web/src/main/resources/config/redis.properties # 项目源码的配置文件
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}
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prod_config() {
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sed -i \
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-e "s/db_host/$PROD_DB_HOST/g" \
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-e "s/db_usr/$PROD_DB_USR/g" \
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-e "s/db_pwd/$PROD_DB_PWD/g" \
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example-web/src/main/resources/config/datasource.properties
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sed -i \
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-e "s/redis_host/$PROD_REDIS_HOST/g" \
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-e "s/redis_port/$PROD_REDIS_PORT/g" \
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-e "s/redis_pwd/$PROD_REDIS_PWD/g" \
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example-web/src/main/resources/config/redis.properties
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}
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if [[ "$CI_JOB_STAGE" == "beta-build" ]];then
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beta_config
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elif [[ "$CI_JOB_STAGE" == "prod-build" ]];then
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prod_config
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else
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echo "error: undefined CI_JOB_STAGE!"
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fi
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```
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@ -1,6 +1,6 @@
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# gitlab CI/CD 基础
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gitlab-ci 兼容 travis ci 格式,也是最流行的 CI 工具之一;本文讲解利用 gitlab, gitlab-runner, docker, harbor, kubernetes 等流行开源工具搭建一个自动化CI/CD流水线;举的例子以简单实用为原则,没有选用 dind(docker in dockers)打包、gitlab Auto DevOps 等先进但未必成熟的方式。一个最简单的流水线如下:
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gitlab-ci 兼容 travis ci 格式,也是最流行的 CI 工具之一;本文讲解利用 gitlab, gitlab-runner, docker, harbor, kubernetes 等流行开源工具搭建一个自动化CI/CD流水线;举的例子以简单实用为原则,暂时没有选用 dind(docker in dockers)打包、gitlab Auto DevOps 等方式。一个最简单的流水线如下:
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- 代码提交 --> 镜像构建 --> 部署测试 --> 部署生产
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@ -10,5 +10,86 @@ gitlab-ci 兼容 travis ci 格式,也是最流行的 CI 工具之一;本文
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- 若干虚机运行 gitlab-runner: 运行自动化流水线 pipeline
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- 正常运行的容器仓库:[安装 Harbor 文档](../harbor.md)
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- 正常运行的 k8s 集群:可以是自建/公有云提供商
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- 了解代码管理流程 gitflow 等
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##
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## 1.准备测试项目代码
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假设你要开发一个 spring boot 项目;先登陆你的 gitlab 账号,创建项目,上传你的代码;项目根目录看起来如下:
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```
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-rw-r--r-- 1 root root 44 Jan 2 16:38 eclipse.bat
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drwxr-xr-x 8 root root 4096 Jan 7 15:29 .git/
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-rw-r--r-- 1 root root 276 Jan 7 08:44 .gitignore
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drwxr-xr-x 3 root root 4096 Jan 7 08:44 example-api/
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drwxr-xr-x 3 root root 4096 Jan 7 08:44 example-biz/
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drwxr-xr-x 3 root root 4096 Jan 2 16:38 example-dal/
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drwxr-xr-x 3 root root 4096 Jan 2 16:38 example-web/
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-rw-r--r-- 1 root root 54 Jan 2 16:38 install.bat
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-rw-r--r-- 1 root root 10419 Jan 2 16:38 pom.xml
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```
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传统做法是在本地配置好相关环境后使用 mvn 编译生成jar包,然后测试运行jar,这里我们要打包成 docker 镜像,并创建 CI/CD 流水线:如下示例,在项目根目录创建2个文件夹及里面文件
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``` bash
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dockerfiles ### 新增文件夹用来 docker 镜像打包
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└── Dockerfile # 定义 docker 镜像
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.ci ### 新增文件夹用来存放 CI/CD 相关内容
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├── app.yaml # k8s 平台的应用部署文件
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├── config.sh # 配置替换脚本
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└── gitlab-ci.yml # gitlab-ci 的主配置文件
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```
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## 2.准备 docker 镜像描述文件 Dockerfile
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我们把 Dockerfile 放在独立目录下,java spring boot 应用可以这样写:
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``` bash
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FROM openjdk:8-jdk-alpine
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VOLUME /tmp
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COPY *.jar app.jar # 这里 *.jar 包就是后续在cicd pipeline 过程中 mvn 生成的jar包移动到此目录
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ENTRYPOINT ["java","-Djava.security.egd=file:/dev/./urandom","-jar","/app.jar"]
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```
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## 3.准备 CI/CD 相关脚本和文件
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本地安装 gitlab 的同时也会安装帮助文档,非常有用,请阅读如下文档(假设你本地gitlab使用的域名`http://gitlab.test.com`)
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- gitlab-ci 基本概念 http://gitlab.test.com/help/ci/README.md
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- 变量 http://gitlab.test.com/help/ci/variables/README.md
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目录`.ci`下面的三个文件`app.yaml`, `config.sh`, `gitlab-ci.yml`是互相关联的;整个流程中使用到的变量分为三种:
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- 第一种是gitlab自身预定义变量(比如项目名: CI_PROJECT_NAME,流水线ID: CI_PIPELINE_ID);无需更改;
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- 第二种是在gitlab-ci.yml文件中定义的变量,一般是少量的自定义变量;按需少量改动;
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- 第三种是用户可以在项目web界面配置的变量:“Settings”>"CI/CD">"Variables",本示例项目用到该类型变量举例:
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|变量|值|注解|
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|:-|:-|:-|
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|BETA_APP_REP|1|beta环境应用副本数|
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|BETA_DB_HOST|1.1.1.1:3306|beta环境应用连接数据库主机|
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|BETA_DB_PWD|xxxx|beta环境数据库连接密码|
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|BETA_DB_USR|xxxx|beta环境数据库连接用户|
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|BETA_REDIS_HOST|1.1.1.2|beta环境redis主机|
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|BETA_REDIS_PORT|6379|beta环境redis端口|
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|BETA_REDIS_PWD|xxxx|beta环境redis密码|
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|BETA_HARBOR|1.1.1.3|beta环境镜像仓库地址|
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|BETA_HARBOR_PWD|xxxx|beta环境镜像仓库密码|
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|BETA_HARBOR_USR|xxxx|beta环境镜像仓库用户|
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|PROD_APP_REP|2|prod环境应用副本数|
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|PROD_DB_HOST|2.2.2.1:3306|prod环境应用连接数据库主机|
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|PROD_DB_PWD|xxxx|prod环境数据库连接密码|
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|PROD_DB_USR|xxxx|prod环境数据库连接用户|
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|PROD_REDIS_HOST|2.2.2.2|prod环境redis主机|
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|PROD_REDIS_PORT|6379|prod环境redis端口|
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|PROD_REDIS_PWD|xxxx|prod环境redis密码|
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|PROD_HARBOR|2.2.2.3|prod环境镜像仓库地址|
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|PROD_HARBOR_PWD|xxxx|prod环境镜像仓库密码|
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|PROD_HARBOR_USR|xxxx|prod环境镜像仓库用户|
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|...|...|根据项目需要自行添加设置|
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掌握了以上基础知识,可以开始以下三个任务:
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- 3.1[配置 gitlab-ci.yml](gitlab-ci.yml.md), 整个CI/CD的主配置文件,定义所有的CI/CD阶段和每个阶段的任务
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- 3.2[配置 config.sh](config.sh.md),根据不同分支/环境替换不同的应用程序变量(对应上述第三种变量)
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- 3.3[配置 app.yaml](app.yaml.md),K8S应用部署简单模板,替换完成后可以部署到测试/生产的K8S平台上
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## to be continued
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# 配置 gitlab-ci.yml
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项目组对应用CI/CD的背景需求及实现方案简介
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- 应用测试环境部署在本地k8s平台,生产环境部署在阿里云上k8s平台
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- 应用的多个feature分支可以并行测试
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- 对于即将发布的release分支,本地提供封版测试环境,阿里云上提供UAT测试环境
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以下示例配置为个人经验总结,仅供参考,可以根据自己的理解和项目需要不断优化完善;总体来说 gitlab-ci.yml 配置很丰富,基本上能够满足各种个性化的CI/CD流程需要。
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``` bash
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$ cat > .ci/gitlab-ci.yml << EOF
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variables: ### 定义全局变量 http://gitlab.test.com/help/ci/variables/README.md
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PROJECT_NS: '$CI_PROJECT_NAMESPACE-$CI_JOB_STAGE' # 定义项目命名空间,对应k8s的namespace
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APP_NAME: '$CI_PROJECT_NAME-$CI_COMMIT_REF_SLUG' # 使用项目名和git提交信息作为应用名
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IMAGE_NAME: '$CI_PROJECT_NAMESPACE-$CI_PROJECT_NAME:$CI_PIPELINE_ID' # 定义镜像名称
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stages: ### 定义ci各阶段
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- beta-build # beta环境编译打包
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- beta-deploy # beta环境部署
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- beta-feature-delete # beta环境feature分支手动删除
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- prod-build # prod环境编译打包
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- prod-uat-deploy # prod-uat环境部署
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- prod-deploy # prod环境部署
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- prod-rollback # prod回滚
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job_beta_build:
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stage: beta-build # beta环境编译打包
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tags:
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- build-shell # 定义带`build-shell`标签的runner可以运行该job
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only: # 定义只在如下分支或者tag运行该job
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- master
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- develop
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- /^feature.*$/
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- release
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when: manual # 调试阶段可以先手动,后续可以注释掉以自动运行
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script: ### runner上运行的脚本
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- bash .ci/config.sh # 不同环境配置替换,后文详解 config.sh
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- mvn clean install -Dmaven.test.skip=true -U # mvn 编译,可以去runner 虚机上手动执行编译测试
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- mv example-web/target/*.jar dockerfiles/ # 把mvn生成的xxx.jar移动到dockerfiles目录下
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- export IMAGE=`echo $IMAGE_NAME | sed 's/\//-/g'` # 转换镜像名,例:mygroup/java/example:172 >> mygroup-java-example:172
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- cd dockerfiles && docker build -t $BETA_HARBOR/example/$IMAGE . # 创建 docker 镜像
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- docker login -u $BETA_HARBOR_USR -p $BETA_HARBOR_PWD $BETA_HARBOR # 登陆到内部镜像仓库 harbor,并推送
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- docker push $BETA_HARBOR/example/$IMAGE
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- docker logout $BETA_HARBOR
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job_push_beta: ### 推送到beta环境,可以推送不同分支 develop, feature-1, ...>
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stage: beta-deploy # 可以做到多分支同时测试,甚至最后的release分支也要在beta封版测试
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tags:
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- beta-shell # 定义带`beta-shell`标签的runner可以运行该job
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only:
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- master
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- develop
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- /^feature.*$/
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- release
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when: manual # 调试阶段可以先手动,后续可以注释掉以自动运行
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variables:
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BETA_EXP_Domain: '$CI_COMMIT_REF_SLUG.example.test.com' # job内部变量,指定该应用在beta环境的 ingress 域名
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script:
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- export IMAGE=`echo $IMAGE_NAME | sed 's/\//-/g'` # 转换 $IMAGE_NAME 中可能的 / 字符
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- export PROJECT_NS=`echo $PROJECT_NS | sed 's/\//-/g'` # 转换命名空间中可能有的 / 字符
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# 替换beta环境的参数配置
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- sed -i "s/PROJECT_NS/$PROJECT_NS/g" .ci/app.yaml ### app.yaml 即k8s的部署模板文件,详见后面 app.yaml.md 文档,注意这里的变量有的来自>
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- sed -i "s/APP_NAME/$APP_NAME/g" .ci/app.yaml # gitlab 系统变量, 有的是在项目 CI/CD 设置里面用户定义的变量
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- sed -i "s/APP_REP/$BETA_APP_REP/g" .ci/app.yaml
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- sed -i "s/AppDomain/$BETA_EXP_Domain/g" .ci/app.yaml
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- sed -i "s/ProjectImage/$BETA_HARBOR\/example\/$IMAGE/g" .ci/app.yaml
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- sed -i "s/DOCKER_KEY/$BETA_KEY/g" .ci/app.yaml # DOCKER_KEY 为k8s平台能从镜像仓库pull所需的认证信息,详见harbor文档
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#
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- mkdir -p /opt/kube/$PROJECT_NS/$APP_NAME # 在runner:beta-shell虚机本地创建应用配置目录,调试检查用
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- cp -f .ci/app.yaml /opt/kube/$PROJECT_NS/$APP_NAME
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- kubectl --kubeconfig=/etc/.beta/config apply -f .ci/app.yaml # 部署应用(runner虚机上预先配置了kubectl权限执行测试k8s平台)
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job_delete_beta: ### 多测试环境并行部署在beta k8s平台,feature分支测试完毕后删除代码分支,
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stage: beta-feature-delete # 同时需要删除该分支在k8s平台上的部署,可以由开发人员自行执行该job删除
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tags:
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- beta-shell
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only:
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- /^feature.*$/
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when: manual
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script:
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- export PROJECT_NS=`echo $PROJECT_NS | sed 's/\//-/g'`
|
||||
- kubectl --kubeconfig=/etc/.beta/config delete deploy,svc,ing $APP_NAME -n $PROJECT_NS
|
||||
|
||||
job_prod_build: ### prod环境编译打包,这里prod环境我们使用阿里云上的K8S
|
||||
stage: prod-build # 阿里云k8s平台上运行的uat环境和正式环境都使用本次打包镜像
|
||||
tags:
|
||||
- build-shell
|
||||
only: # 仅master和release分支可以执行该job
|
||||
- master
|
||||
- release
|
||||
when: manual
|
||||
script:
|
||||
- bash .ci/config.sh # config.sh 会执行替换生产环境的变量
|
||||
- mvn clean install -Dmaven.test.skip=true -U # mvn 编译,可以去runner 虚机上手动执行编译测试
|
||||
- mv example-web/target/*.jar dockerfiles/ # 把mvn生成的xxx.jar移动到dockerfiles目录下
|
||||
- export IMAGE=`echo $IMAGE_NAME | sed 's/\//-/g'`
|
||||
- cd dockerfiles && docker build -t $PROD_HARBOR/example/$IMAGE .
|
||||
- docker login -u $PROD_HARBOR_USR -p $PROD_HARBOR_PWD $PROD_HARBOR
|
||||
- docker push $PROD_HARBOR/example/$IMAGE
|
||||
- docker logout $PROD_HARBOR
|
||||
|
||||
job_push_prod_uat: ### 部署至阿里云uat环境
|
||||
stage: prod-uat-deploy
|
||||
tags:
|
||||
- prod-shell
|
||||
when: manual
|
||||
only: # 仅master和release分支可以执行该job
|
||||
- master
|
||||
- release
|
||||
variables:
|
||||
PROD_EXP_Domain: 'example-uat.xxxx.com' # job内部变量,指定该应用在uat环境的 ingress 域名
|
||||
script:
|
||||
- export IMAGE=`echo $IMAGE_NAME | sed 's/\//-/g'`
|
||||
- export PROJECT_NS=`echo $PROJECT_NS | sed 's/\//-/g'`
|
||||
# 替换prod环境的参数配置
|
||||
- sed -i "s/PROJECT_NS/$PROJECT_NS/g" .ci/app.yaml
|
||||
- sed -i "s/APP_NAME/$CI_PROJECT_NAME/g" .ci/app.yaml
|
||||
- sed -i "s/APP_REP/1/g" .ci/app.yaml
|
||||
- sed -i "s/AppDomain/$PROD_EXP_Domain/g" .ci/app.yaml
|
||||
- sed -i "s/ProjectImage/$PROD_HARBOR\/example\/$IMAGE/g" .ci/app.yaml
|
||||
- sed -i "s/DOCKER_KEY/$PROD_KEY/g" .ci/app.yaml
|
||||
#
|
||||
- mkdir -p /opt/kube/$PROJECT_NS/$APP_NAME
|
||||
- cp -f .ci/app.yaml /opt/kube/$PROJECT_NS/$APP_NAME
|
||||
- kubectl --kubeconfig=/etc/.aliyun/config apply -f .ci/app.yaml
|
||||
|
||||
job_push_prod_release: ### 部署至阿里云正式环境
|
||||
stage: prod-deploy
|
||||
tags:
|
||||
- prod-shell
|
||||
when: manual
|
||||
only: # 仅master和release分支可以执行该job
|
||||
- master
|
||||
- release
|
||||
variables:
|
||||
PROD_EXP_Domain: 'example.xxxx.com' # 指定该应用在阿里云正式环境的 ingress 域名
|
||||
script:
|
||||
- export IMAGE=`echo $IMAGE_NAME | sed 's/\//-/g'`
|
||||
- export PROJECT_NS=`echo $PROJECT_NS | sed 's/\//-/g'`
|
||||
# 替换prod环境的参数配置
|
||||
- sed -i "s/PROJECT_NS/$PROJECT_NS/g" .ci/app.yaml
|
||||
- sed -i "s/APP_NAME/$CI_PROJECT_NAME/g" .ci/app.yaml
|
||||
- sed -i "s/APP_REP/$PROD_APP_REP/g" .ci/app.yaml
|
||||
- sed -i "s/AppDomain/$PROD_EXP_HOST/g" .ci/app.yaml
|
||||
- sed -i "s/ProjectImage/$PROD_HARBOR\/example\/$IMAGE/g" .ci/app.yaml
|
||||
- sed -i "s/DOCKER_KEY/$PROD_KEY/g" .ci/app.yaml
|
||||
#
|
||||
- mkdir -p /opt/kube/$PROJECT_NS/$APP_NAME
|
||||
- cp -f .ci/app.yaml /opt/kube/$PROJECT_NS/$APP_NAME
|
||||
- kubectl --kubeconfig=/etc/.aliyun/config apply -f .ci/app.yaml
|
||||
|
||||
1/3 rollback: ### 定义生产环境回退job
|
||||
stage: prod-rollback
|
||||
tags:
|
||||
- prod-shell
|
||||
when: manual
|
||||
only:
|
||||
- master
|
||||
- /^release.*$/
|
||||
variables:
|
||||
PROJECT_NS: '$CI_PROJECT_NAMESPACE-prod-deploy' # 定义job内变量覆盖全局变量设置
|
||||
script:
|
||||
- kubectl --kubeconfig=/etc/.aliyun/config -n $PROJECT_NS rollout undo deployment $CI_PROJECT_NAME --to-revision=1
|
||||
|
||||
2/3 rollback:
|
||||
stage: prod-rollback
|
||||
tags:
|
||||
- prod-shell
|
||||
when: manual
|
||||
only:
|
||||
- master
|
||||
- /^release.*$/
|
||||
variables:
|
||||
PROJECT_NS: '$CI_PROJECT_NAMESPACE-prod-deploy' # 定义job内变量覆盖全局变量设置
|
||||
script:
|
||||
- kubectl --kubeconfig=/etc/.aliyun/config -n $PROJECT_NS rollout undo deployment $CI_PROJECT_NAME --to-revision=2
|
||||
|
||||
3/3 rollback:
|
||||
stage: prod-rollback
|
||||
tags:
|
||||
- prod-shell
|
||||
when: manual
|
||||
only:
|
||||
- master
|
||||
- /^release.*$/
|
||||
variables:
|
||||
PROJECT_NS: '$CI_PROJECT_NAMESPACE-prod-deploy' # 定义job内变量覆盖全局变量设置
|
||||
script:
|
||||
- kubectl --kubeconfig=/etc/.aliyun/config -n $PROJECT_NS rollout undo deployment $CI_PROJECT_NAME --to-revision=3
|
||||
EOF
|
||||
```
|
||||
|
Loading…
Reference in New Issue