mirror of https://github.com/easzlab/kubeasz.git
245 lines
11 KiB
Markdown
245 lines
11 KiB
Markdown
---
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title: "Istio 1.1.7 安装 "
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date: 2019-05-19T19:44:00+08:00
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---
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#### Service Mesh(服务网格)
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---
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Kubernetes 已经给我们带来了诸多的好处。但是仍有些需求比如 A/B 测试、金丝雀发布、限流、访问控制,端到端认证等需要运维人员进一步去解决。
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Istio 是完全开源的服务网格,提供了一套完整的解决方案，可以透明地分层到现有的分布式应用程序上。对开发人员几乎无感的同时获得超能力。
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如果想要现有的服务支持 Istio，只需要在当前的环境中部署一个特殊的 sidecar 代理，即可。
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##### 前提
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----
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- 安装 Kubernetes 集群 1.9+
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- [安装 Helm](./helm.md)
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##### 准备
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----
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进入 [Istio release](https://github.com/istio/istio/releases) 页面下载最新版安装包并解压到当前目录,
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```sh
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curl -L https://git.io/getLatestIstio | sh -
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ll istio-1.1.7/
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total 40
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drwxr-xr-x 2 root root 4096 May 15 08:59 bin
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drwxr-xr-x 6 root root 4096 May 15 08:59 install
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-rw-r--r-- 1 root root 602 May 15 08:59 istio.VERSION
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-rw-r--r-- 1 root root 11343 May 15 08:59 LICENSE
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-rw-r--r-- 1 root root 5921 May 15 08:59 README.md
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drwxr-xr-x 15 root root 4096 May 15 08:59 samples
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drwxr-xr-x 7 root root 4096 May 15 08:59 tools
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```
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- install Kubernetes 安装所需的 .yaml 文件
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- samples Task中的示例应用
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- bin/istioctl 客户端工具
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- istio.VERSION 配置文件
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#### 安装
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----
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注意事项
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- Node 节点内存不能低于 4G，否则相关容器可能启动失败
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- Istio 默认使用‘负载均衡器’服务对象类型。对于裸机安装没有负载均衡器的情况下，安装需指定‘NodePort’类型。
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##### 方案1：使用 Helm template 进行安装
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```bash
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cd /usr/local/src/istio-1.1.7
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kubectl create namespace istio-system
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# 安装 istio-init chart，来启动 Istio CRD 的安装过程
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helm template install/kubernetes/helm/istio-init --name istio-init --namespace istio-system --set gateways.istio-ingressgateway.type=NodePort --set gateways.istio-egressgateway.type=NodePort | kubectl apply -f -
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# 稍等一会儿执行
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# 输出 53 或者 58 （若开启了 cert-manager）
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kubectl get crds | grep 'istio.io\|certmanager.k8s.io' | wc -l
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# 部署与你选择的配置文件相对应的 Istio 的核心组件
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# 不同配置说明 https://istio.io/zh/docs/setup/kubernetes/additional-setup/config-profiles/
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# 选择 default 配置
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helm template install/kubernetes/helm/istio --name istio --namespace istio-system \
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--set gateways.istio-ingressgateway.type=NodePort \
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--set gateways.istio-egressgateway.type=NodePort | kubectl apply -f -
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# 或选择 demo 配置
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helm template install/kubernetes/helm/istio --name istio --namespace istio-system \
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--set gateways.istio-ingressgateway.type=NodePort \
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--set gateways.istio-egressgateway.type=NodePort \
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--values install/kubernetes/helm/istio/values-istio-demo.yaml | kubectl apply -f -
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```
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##### 方案2：在 Helm 和 Tiller 的环境中使用 helm install 命令进行安装
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见[官方文档](https://istio.io/zh/docs/setup/kubernetes/install/helm/#%E6%96%B9%E6%A1%88-2-%E5%9C%A8-helm-%E5%92%8C-tiller-%E7%9A%84%E7%8E%AF%E5%A2%83%E4%B8%AD%E4%BD%BF%E7%94%A8-helm-install-%E5%91%BD%E4%BB%A4%E8%BF%9B%E8%A1%8C%E5%AE%89%E8%A3%85)
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##### 验证
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```bash
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kubectl get pod -n istio-system
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# default 配置时
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NAME READY STATUS RESTARTS AGE
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istio-citadel-899dfb67c-5hlsc 1/1 Running 0 49s
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istio-cleanup-secrets-1.1.7-nkdxt 0/1 Completed 0 50s
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istio-galley-555dd7c7d7-rpfln 1/1 Running 0 49s
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istio-ingressgateway-5b547dfb7b-ctm5l 1/1 Running 0 49s
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istio-init-crd-10-l9xcj 0/1 Completed 0 66s
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istio-init-crd-11-nqvml 0/1 Completed 0 66s
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istio-pilot-9f5c75ddf-n5s6p 2/2 Running 0 49s
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istio-policy-bd45d757d-6qcdg 2/2 Running 1 49s
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istio-security-post-install-1.1.7-nbwwv 0/1 Completed 0 50s
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istio-sidecar-injector-998dd6cbb-n2hdm 1/1 Running 0 49s
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istio-telemetry-656df5b64-k8vkf 2/2 Running 1 49s
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prometheus-7f87866f5f-t97wc 1/1 Running 0 49s
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# demo 配置时
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grafana-749c78bcc5-fbzmn 1/1 Running 0 101s
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istio-citadel-899dfb67c-8shx2 1/1 Running 0 100s
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istio-cleanup-secrets-1.1.7-jbhsl 0/1 Completed 0 102s
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istio-egressgateway-748d5fd794-x5bjt 1/1 Running 0 101s
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istio-galley-555dd7c7d7-86r2b 1/1 Running 0 101s
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istio-grafana-post-install-1.1.7-kq7b4 0/1 Completed 0 103s
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istio-ingressgateway-55dd86767f-jd9m4 1/1 Running 0 101s
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istio-init-crd-10-l9xcj 0/1 Completed 0 16m
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istio-init-crd-11-nqvml 0/1 Completed 0 16m
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istio-pilot-6964dd4957-7bzdq 2/2 Running 0 101s
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istio-policy-689687bd77-ncw2n 2/2 Running 1 101s
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istio-security-post-install-1.1.7-t2kwh 0/1 Completed 0 102s
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istio-sidecar-injector-998dd6cbb-7mwkh 1/1 Running 0 100s
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istio-telemetry-8564679887-59c8z 2/2 Running 1 101s
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istio-tracing-595796cf54-jn49s 1/1 Running 0 100s
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kiali-5df77dc9b6-psjs4 1/1 Running 0 101s
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prometheus-7f87866f5f-hrbgt 1/1 Running 0 100s
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```
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```bash
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kubectl get svc -n istio-system
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# default 配置时
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NAME TYPE CLUSTER-IP EXTERNAL-IP PORT(S) AGE
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istio-citadel ClusterIP 10.68.236.249 <none> 8060/TCP,15014/TCP 75s
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istio-galley ClusterIP 10.68.105.102 <none> 443/TCP,15014/TCP,9901/TCP 75s
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istio-ingressgateway NodePort 10.68.181.46 <none> 15020:32761/TCP,80:31380/TCP,443:31390/TCP,31400:31400/TCP,15029:33185/TCP,15030:20745/TCP,15031:36208/TCP,15032:34095/TCP,15443:36244/TCP 75s
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istio-pilot ClusterIP 10.68.252.143 <none> 15010/TCP,15011/TCP,8080/TCP,15014/TCP 75s
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istio-policy ClusterIP 10.68.40.51 <none> 9091/TCP,15004/TCP,15014/TCP 75s
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istio-sidecar-injector ClusterIP 10.68.55.134 <none> 443/TCP 74s
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istio-telemetry ClusterIP 10.68.16.11 <none> 9091/TCP,15004/TCP,15014/TCP,42422/TCP 75s
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prometheus ClusterIP 10.68.65.238 <none> 9090/TCP 75s
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# demo 配置时
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NAME TYPE CLUSTER-IP EXTERNAL-IP PORT(S) AGE
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grafana ClusterIP 10.68.65.248 <none> 3000/TCP 2m27s
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istio-citadel ClusterIP 10.68.72.100 <none> 8060/TCP,15014/TCP 2m26s
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istio-egressgateway NodePort 10.68.21.24 <none> 80:26775/TCP,443:28249/TCP,15443:38494/TCP 2m27s
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istio-galley ClusterIP 10.68.73.9 <none> 443/TCP,15014/TCP,9901/TCP 2m27s
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istio-ingressgateway NodePort 10.68.122.190 <none> 15020:39248/TCP,80:31380/TCP,443:31390/TCP,31400:31400/TCP,15029:33522/TCP,15030:26010/TCP,15031:27064/TCP,15032:32158/TCP,15443:30848/TCP 2m27s
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istio-pilot ClusterIP 10.68.116.5 <none> 15010/TCP,15011/TCP,8080/TCP,15014/TCP 2m26s
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istio-policy ClusterIP 10.68.239.246 <none> 9091/TCP,15004/TCP,15014/TCP 2m27s
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istio-sidecar-injector ClusterIP 10.68.93.151 <none> 443/TCP 2m26s
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istio-telemetry ClusterIP 10.68.117.254 <none> 9091/TCP,15004/TCP,15014/TCP,42422/TCP 2m26s
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jaeger-agent ClusterIP None <none> 5775/UDP,6831/UDP,6832/UDP 2m25s
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jaeger-collector ClusterIP 10.68.103.8 <none> 14267/TCP,14268/TCP 2m26s
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jaeger-query ClusterIP 10.68.73.252 <none> 16686/TCP 2m26s
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kiali ClusterIP 10.68.214.228 <none> 20001/TCP 2m27s
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prometheus ClusterIP 10.68.203.209 <none> 9090/TCP 2m26s
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tracing ClusterIP 10.68.113.236 <none> 80/TCP 2m25s
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zipkin ClusterIP 10.68.96.189 <none> 9411/TCP 2m25s
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```
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##### Sidecar 的自动注入
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注意事项
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需要在kube-apiserver 启动 admission-control 参数中加入 MutatingAdmissionWebhook 和 ValidatingAdmissionWebhook并确保正确的顺序,如果是多master安装，确保每个kube-apiserver都要进行修改。
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##### 部署应用验证
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istio 的samples目录中有很多示例。我们现在使用samples/sleep/sleep.yaml 来验证刚刚开启的Sidecar自动注入功能。
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进入目录 istio-1.1.7/ 部署一个新的应用
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```bash
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cd istio-1.1.7/
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kubectl apply -f samples/sleep/sleep.yaml
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kubectl get pod
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NAME READY STATUS RESTARTS AGE
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sleep-7549f66447-wv8cl 1/1 Running 0 1m
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```
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一切都是熟悉的味道。下面给 default 命名空间设置标签：istio-injection=enabled，这样就会在pod 创建时触发 Sidecar 的注入过程。从此default 名称空间拥有了超能力.
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```bash
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kubectl label namespace default istio-injection=enabled
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kubectl get namespace -L istio-injection
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NAME STATUS AGE ISTIO-INJECTION
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default Active 1h enabled
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istio-system Active 3d22h
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kube-public Active 4d2h
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kube-system Active 4d2h
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```
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接下来删除上面创建的pod，观察下有什么变化。
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```bash
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kubectl delete pod sleep-7549f66447-wv8cl
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pod "sleep-7549f66447-wv8cl" deleted
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kubectl get pod
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NAME READY STATUS RESTARTS AGE
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sleep-7549f66447-x4td6 2/2 Running 0 37s
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```
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刚刚的pod里面现在已经拥有两个容器，进入pod一探究竟。
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```bash
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kubectl describe pod sleep-7549f66447-x4td6
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....
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Containers:
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sleep:
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Container ID: docker://
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Image: pstauffer/curl
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....
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istio-proxy:
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Container ID: docker://
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Image: docker.io/istio/proxyv2:1.1.7
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....
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```
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多出了一个 `istio-proxy` 容器及其对应的存储卷
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#### 卸载istio
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---
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```bash
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# 采用 default 配置安装
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helm template install/kubernetes/helm/istio --name istio --namespace istio-system | kubectl delete -f -
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# 采用 demo 配置安装
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helm template install/kubernetes/helm/istio --name istio --namespace istio-system \
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--values install/kubernetes/helm/istio/values-istio-demo.yaml | kubectl delete -f -
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kubectl delete namespace istio-system
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```
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#### 资源
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- [官方安装文档](https://istio.io/zh/docs/setup/kubernetes/install/helm/)
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