2017-08-21 17:44:43 +08:00
<!DOCTYPE HTML>
< html lang = "zh-cn" >
< head >
< meta charset = "UTF-8" >
< meta content = "text/html; charset=utf-8" http-equiv = "Content-Type" >
< title > 2.2.1 Pod · Kubernetes Handbook< / title >
< meta http-equiv = "X-UA-Compatible" content = "IE=edge" / >
< meta name = "description" content = "" >
< meta name = "generator" content = "GitBook 3.2.2" >
< meta name = "author" content = "Jimmy Song" >
< link rel = "stylesheet" href = "../gitbook/style.css" >
< link rel = "stylesheet" href = "../gitbook/gitbook-plugin-splitter/splitter.css" >
< link rel = "stylesheet" href = "../gitbook/gitbook-plugin-page-toc-button/plugin.css" >
< link rel = "stylesheet" href = "../gitbook/gitbook-plugin-image-captions/image-captions.css" >
< link rel = "stylesheet" href = "../gitbook/gitbook-plugin-page-footer-ex/style/plugin.css" >
< link rel = "stylesheet" href = "../gitbook/gitbook-plugin-search-plus/search.css" >
< link rel = "stylesheet" href = "../gitbook/gitbook-plugin-highlight/website.css" >
< link rel = "stylesheet" href = "../gitbook/gitbook-plugin-fontsettings/website.css" >
< meta name = "HandheldFriendly" content = "true" / >
< meta name = "viewport" content = "width=device-width, initial-scale=1, user-scalable=no" >
< meta name = "apple-mobile-web-app-capable" content = "yes" >
< meta name = "apple-mobile-web-app-status-bar-style" content = "black" >
< link rel = "apple-touch-icon-precomposed" sizes = "152x152" href = "../gitbook/images/apple-touch-icon-precomposed-152.png" >
< link rel = "shortcut icon" href = "../gitbook/images/favicon.ico" type = "image/x-icon" >
< link rel = "next" href = "pod.html" / >
< link rel = "prev" href = "objects.html" / >
< / head >
< body >
< div class = "book" >
< div class = "book-summary" >
< div id = "book-search-input" role = "search" >
< input type = "text" placeholder = "輸入並搜尋" / >
< / div >
< nav role = "navigation" >
< ul class = "summary" >
< li class = "chapter " data-level = "1.1" data-path = "../" >
< a href = "../" >
1. 前言
< / a >
< / li >
< li class = "chapter " data-level = "1.2" data-path = "./" >
< a href = "./" >
2. 概念原理
< / a >
< ul class = "articles" >
< li class = "chapter " data-level = "1.2.1" data-path = "concepts.html" >
< a href = "concepts.html" >
2.1 设计理念
< / a >
< / li >
< li class = "chapter " data-level = "1.2.2" data-path = "objects.html" >
< a href = "objects.html" >
2.2 主要概念
< / a >
< ul class = "articles" >
< li class = "chapter active" data-level = "1.2.2.1" data-path = "pod-overview.html" >
< a href = "pod-overview.html" >
2.2.1 Pod
< / a >
< ul class = "articles" >
< li class = "chapter " data-level = "1.2.2.1.1" data-path = "pod.html" >
< a href = "pod.html" >
2.2.1.1 Pod解析
< / a >
2017-08-31 23:28:33 +08:00
< / li >
< li class = "chapter " data-level = "1.2.2.1.2" data-path = "init-containers.html" >
< a href = "init-containers.html" >
2.2.1.2 Init容器
< / a >
2017-08-21 17:44:43 +08:00
< / li >
< / ul >
< / li >
< li class = "chapter " data-level = "1.2.2.2" data-path = "node.html" >
< a href = "node.html" >
2.2.2 Node
< / a >
< / li >
< li class = "chapter " data-level = "1.2.2.3" data-path = "namespace.html" >
< a href = "namespace.html" >
2.2.3 Namespace
< / a >
< / li >
< li class = "chapter " data-level = "1.2.2.4" data-path = "service.html" >
< a href = "service.html" >
2.2.4 Service
< / a >
< / li >
< li class = "chapter " data-level = "1.2.2.5" data-path = "volume.html" >
< a href = "volume.html" >
2.2.5 Volume和Persistent Volume
< / a >
< / li >
< li class = "chapter " data-level = "1.2.2.6" data-path = "deployment.html" >
< a href = "deployment.html" >
2.2.6 Deployment
< / a >
< / li >
< li class = "chapter " data-level = "1.2.2.7" data-path = "secret.html" >
< a href = "secret.html" >
2.2.7 Secret
< / a >
< / li >
< li class = "chapter " data-level = "1.2.2.8" data-path = "statefulset.html" >
< a href = "statefulset.html" >
2.2.8 StatefulSet
< / a >
< / li >
< li class = "chapter " data-level = "1.2.2.9" data-path = "daemonset.html" >
< a href = "daemonset.html" >
2.2.9 DaemonSet
< / a >
< / li >
< li class = "chapter " data-level = "1.2.2.10" data-path = "serviceaccount.html" >
< a href = "serviceaccount.html" >
2.2.10 ServiceAccount
< / a >
< / li >
< li class = "chapter " data-level = "1.2.2.11" data-path = "replicaset.html" >
< a href = "replicaset.html" >
2.2.11 ReplicationController和ReplicaSet
< / a >
< / li >
< li class = "chapter " data-level = "1.2.2.12" data-path = "job.html" >
< a href = "job.html" >
2.2.12 Job
< / a >
< / li >
< li class = "chapter " data-level = "1.2.2.13" data-path = "cronjob.html" >
< a href = "cronjob.html" >
2.2.13 CronJob
< / a >
< / li >
< li class = "chapter " data-level = "1.2.2.14" data-path = "ingress.html" >
< a href = "ingress.html" >
2.2.14 Ingress
< / a >
< / li >
< li class = "chapter " data-level = "1.2.2.15" data-path = "configmap.html" >
< a href = "configmap.html" >
2.2.15 ConfigMap
< / a >
< / li >
< li class = "chapter " data-level = "1.2.2.16" data-path = "horizontal-pod-autoscaling.html" >
< a href = "horizontal-pod-autoscaling.html" >
2.2.16 Horizontal Pod Autoscaling
< / a >
< / li >
< li class = "chapter " data-level = "1.2.2.17" data-path = "label.html" >
< a href = "label.html" >
2.2.17 Label
< / a >
< / li >
< / ul >
< / li >
< / ul >
< / li >
< li class = "chapter " data-level = "1.3" data-path = "../guide/" >
< a href = "../guide/" >
3. 用户指南
< / a >
< ul class = "articles" >
< li class = "chapter " data-level = "1.3.1" data-path = "../guide/resource-configuration.html" >
< a href = "../guide/resource-configuration.html" >
3.1 资源配置
< / a >
< ul class = "articles" >
< li class = "chapter " data-level = "1.3.1.1" data-path = "../guide/configure-liveness-readiness-probes.html" >
< a href = "../guide/configure-liveness-readiness-probes.html" >
3.1.1 配置Pod的liveness和readiness探针
< / a >
< / li >
< li class = "chapter " data-level = "1.3.1.2" data-path = "../guide/configure-pod-service-account.html" >
< a href = "../guide/configure-pod-service-account.html" >
3.1.2 配置Pod的Service Account
< / a >
< / li >
< / ul >
< / li >
< li class = "chapter " data-level = "1.3.2" data-path = "../guide/command-usage.html" >
< a href = "../guide/command-usage.html" >
3.2 命令使用
< / a >
< ul class = "articles" >
< li class = "chapter " data-level = "1.3.2.1" data-path = "../guide/using-kubectl.html" >
< a href = "../guide/using-kubectl.html" >
3.2.1 使用kubectl
< / a >
< / li >
< / ul >
< / li >
< li class = "chapter " data-level = "1.3.3" data-path = "../guide/cluster-management.html" >
< a href = "../guide/cluster-management.html" >
3.3 集群管理
< / a >
< ul class = "articles" >
< li class = "chapter " data-level = "1.3.3.1" data-path = "../guide/managing-tls-in-a-cluster.html" >
< a href = "../guide/managing-tls-in-a-cluster.html" >
3.3.1 管理集群中的TLS
< / a >
2017-08-21 18:44:34 +08:00
< / li >
< li class = "chapter " data-level = "1.3.3.2" data-path = "../guide/kubelet-authentication-authorization.html" >
< a href = "../guide/kubelet-authentication-authorization.html" >
3.3.2 kubelet的认证授权
< / a >
< / li >
< li class = "chapter " data-level = "1.3.3.3" data-path = "../guide/tls-bootstrapping.html" >
< a href = "../guide/tls-bootstrapping.html" >
3.3.3 TLS bootstrap
< / a >
2017-08-31 14:23:44 +08:00
< / li >
< li class = "chapter " data-level = "1.3.3.4" data-path = "../guide/kubectl-user-authentication-authorization.html" >
< a href = "../guide/kubectl-user-authentication-authorization.html" >
3.3.4 kubectl的用户认证授权
< / a >
< / li >
< li class = "chapter " data-level = "1.3.3.5" data-path = "../guide/rbac.html" >
< a href = "../guide/rbac.html" >
3.3.5 RBAC——基于角色的访问控制
< / a >
2017-08-21 17:44:43 +08:00
< / li >
< / ul >
< / li >
< li class = "chapter " data-level = "1.3.4" data-path = "../guide/access-kubernetes-cluster.html" >
< a href = "../guide/access-kubernetes-cluster.html" >
3.4 访问 Kubernetes 集群
< / a >
< ul class = "articles" >
< li class = "chapter " data-level = "1.3.4.1" data-path = "../guide/access-cluster.html" >
< a href = "../guide/access-cluster.html" >
3.4.1 访问集群
< / a >
< / li >
< li class = "chapter " data-level = "1.3.4.2" data-path = "../guide/authenticate-across-clusters-kubeconfig.html" >
< a href = "../guide/authenticate-across-clusters-kubeconfig.html" >
3.4.2 使用 kubeconfig 文件配置跨集群认证
< / a >
< / li >
< li class = "chapter " data-level = "1.3.4.3" data-path = "../guide/connecting-to-applications-port-forward.html" >
< a href = "../guide/connecting-to-applications-port-forward.html" >
3.4.3 通过端口转发访问集群中的应用程序
< / a >
< / li >
< li class = "chapter " data-level = "1.3.4.4" data-path = "../guide/service-access-application-cluster.html" >
< a href = "../guide/service-access-application-cluster.html" >
3.4.4 使用 service 访问群集中的应用程序
< / a >
< / li >
< / ul >
< / li >
< li class = "chapter " data-level = "1.3.5" data-path = "../guide/application-development-deployment-flow.html" >
< a href = "../guide/application-development-deployment-flow.html" >
3.5 在kubernetes中开发部署应用
< / a >
< ul class = "articles" >
< li class = "chapter " data-level = "1.3.5.1" data-path = "../guide/deploy-applications-in-kubernetes.html" >
< a href = "../guide/deploy-applications-in-kubernetes.html" >
3.5.1 适用于kubernetes的应用开发部署流程
< / a >
2017-08-21 18:44:34 +08:00
< / li >
< li class = "chapter " data-level = "1.3.5.2" data-path = "../guide/migrating-hadoop-yarn-to-kubernetes.html" >
< a href = "../guide/migrating-hadoop-yarn-to-kubernetes.html" >
3.5.2 迁移传统应用到kubernetes中——以Hadoop YARN为例
< / a >
2017-08-21 17:44:43 +08:00
< / li >
< / ul >
< / li >
< / ul >
< / li >
< li class = "chapter " data-level = "1.4" data-path = "../practice/" >
< a href = "../practice/" >
4. 最佳实践
< / a >
< ul class = "articles" >
< li class = "chapter " data-level = "1.4.1" data-path = "../practice/install-kbernetes1.6-on-centos.html" >
< a href = "../practice/install-kbernetes1.6-on-centos.html" >
4.1 在CentOS上部署kubernetes1.6集群
< / a >
< ul class = "articles" >
< li class = "chapter " data-level = "1.4.1.1" data-path = "../practice/create-tls-and-secret-key.html" >
< a href = "../practice/create-tls-and-secret-key.html" >
4.1.1 创建TLS证书和秘钥
< / a >
< / li >
< li class = "chapter " data-level = "1.4.1.2" data-path = "../practice/create-kubeconfig.html" >
< a href = "../practice/create-kubeconfig.html" >
4.1.2 创建kubeconfig文件
< / a >
< / li >
< li class = "chapter " data-level = "1.4.1.3" data-path = "../practice/etcd-cluster-installation.html" >
< a href = "../practice/etcd-cluster-installation.html" >
4.1.3 创建高可用etcd集群
< / a >
< / li >
< li class = "chapter " data-level = "1.4.1.4" data-path = "../practice/kubectl-installation.html" >
< a href = "../practice/kubectl-installation.html" >
4.1.4 安装kubectl命令行工具
< / a >
< / li >
< li class = "chapter " data-level = "1.4.1.5" data-path = "../practice/master-installation.html" >
< a href = "../practice/master-installation.html" >
4.1.5 部署master节点
< / a >
< / li >
< li class = "chapter " data-level = "1.4.1.6" data-path = "../practice/node-installation.html" >
< a href = "../practice/node-installation.html" >
4.1.6 部署node节点
< / a >
< / li >
< li class = "chapter " data-level = "1.4.1.7" data-path = "../practice/kubedns-addon-installation.html" >
< a href = "../practice/kubedns-addon-installation.html" >
4.1.7 安装kubedns插件
< / a >
< / li >
< li class = "chapter " data-level = "1.4.1.8" data-path = "../practice/dashboard-addon-installation.html" >
< a href = "../practice/dashboard-addon-installation.html" >
4.1.8 安装dashboard插件
< / a >
< / li >
< li class = "chapter " data-level = "1.4.1.9" data-path = "../practice/heapster-addon-installation.html" >
< a href = "../practice/heapster-addon-installation.html" >
4.1.9 安装heapster插件
< / a >
< / li >
< li class = "chapter " data-level = "1.4.1.10" data-path = "../practice/efk-addon-installation.html" >
< a href = "../practice/efk-addon-installation.html" >
4.1.10 安装EFK插件
< / a >
< / li >
< / ul >
< / li >
< li class = "chapter " data-level = "1.4.2" data-path = "../practice/service-discovery-and-loadbalancing.html" >
< a href = "../practice/service-discovery-and-loadbalancing.html" >
4.2 服务发现与负载均衡
< / a >
< ul class = "articles" >
< li class = "chapter " data-level = "1.4.2.1" data-path = "../practice/traefik-ingress-installation.html" >
< a href = "../practice/traefik-ingress-installation.html" >
4.2.1 安装Traefik ingress
< / a >
< / li >
< li class = "chapter " data-level = "1.4.2.2" data-path = "../practice/distributed-load-test.html" >
< a href = "../practice/distributed-load-test.html" >
4.2.2 分布式负载测试
< / a >
< / li >
< li class = "chapter " data-level = "1.4.2.3" data-path = "../practice/network-and-cluster-perfermance-test.html" >
< a href = "../practice/network-and-cluster-perfermance-test.html" >
4.2.3 网络和集群性能测试
< / a >
< / li >
< li class = "chapter " data-level = "1.4.2.4" data-path = "../practice/edge-node-configuration.html" >
< a href = "../practice/edge-node-configuration.html" >
4.2.4 边缘节点配置
< / a >
< / li >
< / ul >
< / li >
< li class = "chapter " data-level = "1.4.3" data-path = "../practice/operation.html" >
< a href = "../practice/operation.html" >
4.3 运维管理
< / a >
< ul class = "articles" >
< li class = "chapter " data-level = "1.4.3.1" data-path = "../practice/service-rolling-update.html" >
< a href = "../practice/service-rolling-update.html" >
4.3.1 服务滚动升级
< / a >
< / li >
< li class = "chapter " data-level = "1.4.3.2" data-path = "../practice/app-log-collection.html" >
< a href = "../practice/app-log-collection.html" >
4.3.2 应用日志收集
< / a >
< / li >
< li class = "chapter " data-level = "1.4.3.3" data-path = "../practice/configuration-best-practice.html" >
< a href = "../practice/configuration-best-practice.html" >
4.3.3 配置最佳实践
< / a >
< / li >
< li class = "chapter " data-level = "1.4.3.4" data-path = "../practice/monitor.html" >
< a href = "../practice/monitor.html" >
4.3.4 集群及应用监控
< / a >
< / li >
< li class = "chapter " data-level = "1.4.3.5" data-path = "../practice/jenkins-ci-cd.html" >
< a href = "../practice/jenkins-ci-cd.html" >
4.3.5 使用Jenkins进行持续构建与发布
< / a >
< / li >
< li class = "chapter " data-level = "1.4.3.6" data-path = "../practice/data-persistence-problem.html" >
< a href = "../practice/data-persistence-problem.html" >
4.3.6 数据持久化问题
< / a >
< / li >
< / ul >
< / li >
< li class = "chapter " data-level = "1.4.4" data-path = "../practice/storage.html" >
< a href = "../practice/storage.html" >
4.4 存储管理
< / a >
< ul class = "articles" >
< li class = "chapter " data-level = "1.4.4.1" data-path = "../practice/glusterfs.html" >
< a href = "../practice/glusterfs.html" >
4.4.1 GlusterFS
< / a >
< ul class = "articles" >
< li class = "chapter " data-level = "1.4.4.1.1" data-path = "../practice/using-glusterfs-for-persistent-storage.html" >
< a href = "../practice/using-glusterfs-for-persistent-storage.html" >
4.4.1.1 使用GlusterFS做持久化存储
< / a >
< / li >
< li class = "chapter " data-level = "1.4.4.1.2" data-path = "../practice/storage-for-containers-using-glusterfs-with-openshift.html" >
< a href = "../practice/storage-for-containers-using-glusterfs-with-openshift.html" >
4.4.1.2 在OpenShift中使用GlusterFS做持久化存储
< / a >
2017-09-01 21:04:51 +08:00
< / li >
< / ul >
< / li >
< li class = "chapter " data-level = "1.4.4.2" data-path = "../practice/cephfs.html" >
< a href = "../practice/cephfs.html" >
4.4.2 CephFS
< / a >
< ul class = "articles" >
< li class = "chapter " data-level = "1.4.4.2.1" data-path = "../practice/using-ceph-for-persistent-storage.html" >
< a href = "../practice/using-ceph-for-persistent-storage.html" >
4.4.2.1 使用Ceph做持久化存储
< / a >
2017-08-21 17:44:43 +08:00
< / li >
< / ul >
< / li >
< / ul >
< / li >
< / ul >
< / li >
< li class = "chapter " data-level = "1.5" data-path = "../usecases/" >
< a href = "../usecases/" >
5. 领域应用
< / a >
< ul class = "articles" >
< li class = "chapter " data-level = "1.5.1" data-path = "../usecases/microservices.html" >
< a href = "../usecases/microservices.html" >
5.1 微服务架构
< / a >
< ul class = "articles" >
< li class = "chapter " data-level = "1.5.1.1" data-path = "../usecases/istio.html" >
< a href = "../usecases/istio.html" >
5.1.1 Istio
< / a >
< ul class = "articles" >
< li class = "chapter " data-level = "1.5.1.1.1" data-path = "../usecases/istio-installation.html" >
< a href = "../usecases/istio-installation.html" >
5.1.1.1 安装istio
< / a >
< / li >
< li class = "chapter " data-level = "1.5.1.1.2" data-path = "../usecases/configuring-request-routing.html" >
< a href = "../usecases/configuring-request-routing.html" >
5.1.1.2 配置请求的路由规则
< / a >
< / li >
< / ul >
< / li >
< li class = "chapter " data-level = "1.5.1.2" data-path = "../usecases/linkerd.html" >
< a href = "../usecases/linkerd.html" >
5.1.2 Linkerd
< / a >
< ul class = "articles" >
< li class = "chapter " data-level = "1.5.1.2.1" data-path = "../usecases/linkerd-user-guide.html" >
< a href = "../usecases/linkerd-user-guide.html" >
5.1.2.1 Linkerd 使用指南
< / a >
< / li >
< / ul >
< / li >
< li class = "chapter " data-level = "1.5.1.3" data-path = "../usecases/service-discovery-in-microservices.html" >
< a href = "../usecases/service-discovery-in-microservices.html" >
5.1.3 微服务中的服务发现
< / a >
< / li >
< / ul >
< / li >
< li class = "chapter " data-level = "1.5.2" data-path = "../usecases/big-data.html" >
< a href = "../usecases/big-data.html" >
5.2 大数据
< / a >
< ul class = "articles" >
2017-08-30 14:20:52 +08:00
< li class = "chapter " data-level = "1.5.2.1" data-path = "../usecases/spark-standalone-on-kubernetes.html" >
2017-08-21 17:44:43 +08:00
2017-08-30 14:20:52 +08:00
< a href = "../usecases/spark-standalone-on-kubernetes.html" >
2017-08-21 17:44:43 +08:00
2017-08-30 14:20:52 +08:00
5.2.1 Spark standalone on Kubernetes
2017-08-21 17:44:43 +08:00
< / a >
2017-08-31 14:23:44 +08:00
< / li >
< li class = "chapter " data-level = "1.5.2.2" data-path = "../usecases/support-spark-natively-in-kubernetes.html" >
< a href = "../usecases/support-spark-natively-in-kubernetes.html" >
5.2.2 运行支持kubernetes原生调度的Spark程序
< / a >
2017-08-21 17:44:43 +08:00
< / li >
< / ul >
2017-08-30 16:52:33 +08:00
< / li >
< li class = "chapter " data-level = "1.5.3" data-path = "../usecases/serverless.html" >
< a href = "../usecases/serverless.html" >
5.3 Serverless架构
< / a >
2017-08-21 17:44:43 +08:00
< / li >
< / ul >
< / li >
< li class = "chapter " data-level = "1.6" data-path = "../develop/" >
< a href = "../develop/" >
6. 开发指南
< / a >
< ul class = "articles" >
< li class = "chapter " data-level = "1.6.1" data-path = "../develop/developing-environment.html" >
< a href = "../develop/developing-environment.html" >
6.1 开发环境搭建
< / a >
< / li >
< li class = "chapter " data-level = "1.6.2" data-path = "../develop/testing.html" >
< a href = "../develop/testing.html" >
6.2 单元测试和集成测试
< / a >
< / li >
< li class = "chapter " data-level = "1.6.3" data-path = "../develop/client-go-sample.html" >
< a href = "../develop/client-go-sample.html" >
6.3 client-go示例
< / a >
< / li >
< li class = "chapter " data-level = "1.6.4" data-path = "../develop/contribute.html" >
< a href = "../develop/contribute.html" >
6.4 社区贡献
< / a >
< / li >
< / ul >
< / li >
< li class = "chapter " data-level = "1.7" data-path = "../appendix/" >
< a href = "../appendix/" >
7. 附录
< / a >
< ul class = "articles" >
< li class = "chapter " data-level = "1.7.1" data-path = "../appendix/docker-best-practice.html" >
< a href = "../appendix/docker-best-practice.html" >
7.1 Docker最佳实践
< / a >
< / li >
< li class = "chapter " data-level = "1.7.2" data-path = "../appendix/issues.html" >
< a href = "../appendix/issues.html" >
7.2 问题记录
< / a >
< / li >
< li class = "chapter " data-level = "1.7.3" data-path = "../appendix/tricks.html" >
< a href = "../appendix/tricks.html" >
7.3 使用技巧
< / a >
< / li >
< / ul >
< / li >
< li class = "divider" > < / li >
< li >
< a href = "https://www.gitbook.com" target = "blank" class = "gitbook-link" >
本書使用 GitBook 釋出
< / a >
< / li >
< / ul >
< / nav >
< / div >
< div class = "book-body" >
< div class = "body-inner" >
< div class = "book-header" role = "navigation" >
<!-- Title -->
< h1 >
< i class = "fa fa-circle-o-notch fa-spin" > < / i >
< a href = ".." > 2.2.1 Pod< / a >
< / h1 >
< / div >
< div class = "page-wrapper" tabindex = "-1" role = "main" >
< div class = "page-inner" >
< div class = "search-plus" id = "book-search-results" >
< div class = "search-noresults" >
< section class = "normal markdown-section" >
< h1 id = "pod概览" > Pod概 览 < / h1 >
< h2 id = "理解pod" > 理 解 Pod< / h2 >
< p > Pod是 kubernetes中 你 可 以 创 建 和 部 署 的 最 小 也 是 最 简 单 位 。 一 个 Pod代 表 着 集 群 中 运 行 的 一 个 进 程 。 < / p >
< p > Pod中 封 装 着 应 用 的 容 器 （ 有 的 情 况 下 是 好 几 个 容 器 ） ， 存 储 、 独 立 的 网 络 IP， 管 理 容 器 如 何 运 行 的 策 略 选 项 。 Pod代 表 着 部 署 的 一 个 单 位 ： kubernetes中 应 用 的 一 个 实 例 ， 可 能 由 一 个 或 者 多 个 容 器 组 合 在 一 起 共 享 资 源 。 < / p >
< blockquote >
< p > < a href = "https://www.docker.com" target = "_blank" > Docker< / a > 是 kubernetes中 最 常 用 的 容 器 运 行 时 ， 但 是 Pod也 支 持 其 他 容 器 运 行 时 。 < / p >
< / blockquote >
< p > Pods are employed a number of ways in a Kubernetes cluster, including:< / p >
< p > 在 Kubrenetes集 群 中 Pod有 如 下 两 种 使 用 方 式 ： < / p >
< ul >
< li > < strong > 一 个 Pod中 运 行 一 个 容 器 < / strong > 。 “ 每 个 Pod中 一 个 容 器 ” 的 模 式 是 最 常 见 的 用 法 ； 在 这 种 使 用 方 式 中 ， 你 可 以 把 Pod想 象 成 是 单 个 容 器 的 封 装 ， kuberentes管 理 的 是 Pod而 不 是 直 接 管 理 容 器 。 < / li >
< li > < strong > 在 一 个 Pod中 同 时 运 行 多 个 容 器 < / strong > 。 一 个 Pod中 也 可 以 同 时 封 装 几 个 需 要 紧 密 耦 合 互 相 协 作 的 容 器 ， 它 们 之 间 共 享 资 源 。 这 些 在 同 一 个 Pod中 的 容 器 可 以 互 相 协 作 成 为 一 个 service单 位 — — 一 个 容 器 共 享 文 件 ， 另 一 个 “ sidecar” 容 器 来 更 新 这 些 文 件 。 Pod将 这 些 容 器 的 存 储 资 源 作 为 一 个 实 体 来 管 理 。 < / li >
< / ul >
< p > < a href = "http://blog.kubernetes.io" target = "_blank" > Kubernetes Blog< / a > 有 关 于 Pod用 例 的 详 细 信 息 ： 查 看 ： < / p >
< ul >
< li > < a href = "http://blog.kubernetes.io/2015/06/the-distributed-system-toolkit-patterns.html" target = "_blank" > The Distributed System Toolkit: Patterns for Composite Containers< / a > < / li >
< li > < a href = "http://blog.kubernetes.io/2016/06/container-design-patterns.html" target = "_blank" > Container Design Patterns< / a > < / li >
< / ul >
< p > 每 个 Pod都 是 应 用 的 一 个 实 例 。 如 果 你 想 平 行 扩 展 应 用 的 话 （ 运 行 多 个 实 例 ） ， 你 应 该 运 行 多 个 Pod， 每 个 Pod都 是 一 个 应 用 实 例 。 在 Kubernetes中 ， 这 通 常 被 叫 称 为 是 replication。 < / p >
< h3 id = "pod中如何管理多个容器" > Pod中 如 何 管 理 多 个 容 器 < / h3 >
< p > Pod中 可 以 同 时 运 行 多 个 进 程 （ 作 为 容 器 运 行 ） 协 同 工 作 。 同 一 个 Pod中 的 容 器 会 自 动 的 分 配 到 同 一 个 node 上 。 同 一 个 Pod中 的 容 器 共 享 资 源 、 网 络 环 境 和 依 赖 ， 它 们 总 是 被 同 时 调 度 。 < / p >
< p > 注 意 在 一 个 Pod中 同 时 运 行 多 个 容 器 是 一 种 比 较 高 级 的 用 法 。 只 有 当 你 的 容 器 需 要 紧 密 配 合 协 作 的 时 候 才 考 虑 用 这 种 模 式 。 例 如 ， 你 有 一 个 容 器 作 为 web服 务 器 运 行 ， 需 要 用 到 共 享 的 volume， 有 另 一 个 ” sidecar“ 容 器 来 从 远 端 获 取 资 源 更 新 这 些 文 件 ， 如 下 图 所 示 ： < / p >
< figure id = "fig1.2.2.1.1" > < img src = "../images/pod-overview.png" alt = "pod diagram" > < figcaption > Figure: pod diagram< / figcaption > < / figure >
< p > Pod中 可 以 共 享 两 种 资 源 ： 网 络 和 存 储 。 < / p >
< h4 id = "网络" > 网 络 < / h4 >
< p > 每 个 Pod都 会 被 分 配 一 个 唯 一 的 IP地 址 。 Pod中 的 所 有 容 器 共 享 网 络 空 间 ， 包 括 IP地 址 和 端 口 。 Pod内 部 的 容 器 可 以 使 用 < code > localhost< / code > 互 相 通 信 。 Pod中 的 容 器 与 外 界 通 信 时 ， 必 须 分 配 共 享 网 络 资 源 （ 例 如 使 用 宿 主 机 的 端 口 映 射 ） 。 < / p >
< h4 id = "存储" > 存 储 < / h4 >
< p > 可 以 Pod指 定 多 个 共 享 的 Volume。 Pod中 的 所 有 容 器 都 可 以 访 问 共 享 的 volume。 Volume也 可 以 用 来 持 久 化 Pod中 的 存 储 资 源 ， 以 防 容 器 重 启 后 文 件 丢 失 。 < / p >
< h2 id = "使用pod" > 使 用 Pod< / h2 >
< p > 你 很 少 会 直 接 在 kubernetes中 创 建 单 个 Pod。 因 为 Pod的 生 命 周 期 是 短 暂 的 ， 用 后 即 焚 的 实 体 。 当 Pod被 创 建 后 （ 不 论 是 由 你 直 接 创 建 还 是 被 其 他 Controller） ， 都 会 被 Kuberentes调 度 到 集 群 的 Node上 。 直 到 Pod的 进 程 终 止 、 被 删 掉 、 因 为 缺 少 资 源 而 被 驱 逐 、 或 者 Node故 障 之 前 这 个 Pod都 会 一 直 保 持 在 那 个 Node上 。 < / p >
< blockquote >
< p > 注 意 ： 重 启 Pod中 的 容 器 跟 重 启 Pod不 是 一 回 事 。 Pod只 提 供 容 器 的 运 行 环 境 并 保 持 容 器 的 运 行 状 态 ， 重 启 容 器 不 会 造 成 Pod重 启 。 < / p >
< / blockquote >
< p > Pod不 会 自 愈 。 如 果 Pod运 行 的 Node故 障 ， 或 者 是 调 度 器 本 身 故 障 ， 这 个 Pod就 会 被 删 除 。 同 样 的 ， 如 果 Pod所 在 Node缺 少 资 源 或 者 Pod处 于 维 护 状 态 ， Pod也 会 被 驱 逐 。 Kubernetes使 用 更 高 级 的 称 为 Controller的 抽 象 层 ， 来 管 理 Pod实 例 。 虽 然 可 以 直 接 使 用 Pod， 但 是 在 Kubernetes中 通 常 是 使 用 Controller来 管 理 Pod的 。 < / p >
< h3 id = "pod和controller" > Pod和 Controller< / h3 >
< p > Controller可 以 创 建 和 管 理 多 个 Pod， 提 供 副 本 管 理 、 滚 动 升 级 和 集 群 级 别 的 自 愈 能 力 。 例 如 ， 如 果 一 个 Node故 障 ， Controller就 能 自 动 将 该 节 点 上 的 Pod调 度 到 其 他 健 康 的 Node上 。 < / p >
< p > 包 含 一 个 或 者 多 个 Pod的 Controller示 例 ： < / p >
< ul >
< li > < a href = "deployment.html" > Deployment< / a > < / li >
< li > < a href = "statefulset.html" > StatefulSet< / a > < / li >
< li > < a href = "daemonset.html" > DaemonSet< / a > < / li >
< / ul >
< p > 通 常 ， Controller会 用 你 提 供 的 Pod Template来 创 建 相 应 的 Pod。 < / p >
< h2 id = "pod-templates" > Pod Templates< / h2 >
< p > Pod模 版 是 包 含 了 其 他 object的 Pod定 义 ， 例 如 < a href = "replicaset.html" > Replication Controllers< / a > ， < a href = "job.html" > Jobs< / a > 和
< a href = "daemonset.html" > DaemonSets< / a > 。 Controller根 据 Pod模 板 来 创 建 实 际 的 Pod。 < / p >
< footer class = "page-footer-ex" > < span class = "page-footer-ex-copyright" > for GitBook< / span >                       < span class = "page-footer-ex-footer-update" > update
2017-08-21 18:44:34 +08:00
2017-08-21 18:23:34
2017-08-21 17:44:43 +08:00
< / span > < / footer >
< / section >
< / div >
< div class = "search-results" >
< div class = "has-results" >
< h1 class = "search-results-title" > < span class = 'search-results-count' > < / span > results matching "< span class = 'search-query' > < / span > "< / h1 >
< ul class = "search-results-list" > < / ul >
< / div >
< div class = "no-results" >
< h1 class = "search-results-title" > No results matching "< span class = 'search-query' > < / span > "< / h1 >
< / div >
< / div >
< / div >
< / div >
< / div >
< / div >
< a href = "objects.html" class = "navigation navigation-prev " aria-label = "Previous page: 2.2 主要概念" >
< i class = "fa fa-angle-left" > < / i >
< / a >
< a href = "pod.html" class = "navigation navigation-next " aria-label = "Next page: 2.2.1.1 Pod解析" >
< i class = "fa fa-angle-right" > < / i >
< / a >
< / div >
< script >
var gitbook = gitbook || [];
gitbook.push(function() {
2017-09-01 21:31:13 +08:00
gitbook.page.hasChanged({"page":{"title":"2.2.1 Pod","level":"1.2.2.1","depth":3,"next":{"title":"2.2.1.1 Pod解析","level":"1.2.2.1.1","depth":4,"path":"concepts/pod.md","ref":"concepts/pod.md","articles":[]},"previous":{"title":"2.2 主要概念","level":"1.2.2","depth":2,"path":"concepts/objects.md","ref":"concepts/objects.md","articles":[{"title":"2.2.1 Pod","level":"1.2.2.1","depth":3,"path":"concepts/pod-overview.md","ref":"concepts/pod-overview.md","articles":[{"title":"2.2.1.1 Pod解析","level":"1.2.2.1.1","depth":4,"path":"concepts/pod.md","ref":"concepts/pod.md","articles":[]},{"title":"2.2.1.2 Init容器","level":"1.2.2.1.2","depth":4,"path":"concepts/init-containers.md","ref":"concepts/init-containers.md","articles":[]}]},{"title":"2.2.2 Node","level":"1.2.2.2","depth":3,"path":"concepts/node.md","ref":"concepts/node.md","articles":[]},{"title":"2.2.3 Namespace","level":"1.2.2.3","depth":3,"path":"concepts/namespace.md","ref":"concepts/namespace.md","articles":[]},{"title":"2.2.4 Service","level":"1.2.2.4","depth":3,"path":"concepts/service.md","ref":"concepts/service.md","articles":[]},{"title":"2.2.5 Volume和Persistent Volume","level":"1.2.2.5","depth":3,"path":"concepts/volume.md","ref":"concepts/volume.md","articles":[]},{"title":"2.2.6 Deployment","level":"1.2.2.6","depth":3,"path":"concepts/deployment.md","ref":"concepts/deployment.md","articles":[]},{"title":"2.2.7 Secret","level":"1.2.2.7","depth":3,"path":"concepts/secret.md","ref":"concepts/secret.md","articles":[]},{"title":"2.2.8 StatefulSet","level":"1.2.2.8","depth":3,"path":"concepts/statefulset.md","ref":"concepts/statefulset.md","articles":[]},{"title":"2.2.9 DaemonSet","level":"1.2.2.9","depth":3,"path":"concepts/daemonset.md","ref":"concepts/daemonset.md","articles":[]},{"title":"2.2.10 ServiceAccount","level":"1.2.2.10","depth":3,"path":"concepts/serviceaccount.md","ref":"concepts/serviceaccount.md","articles":[]},{"title":"2.2.11 ReplicationController和ReplicaSet","level":"1.2.2.11","depth":3,"path":"concepts/replicaset.md","ref":"concepts/replicaset.md","articles":[]},{"title":"2.2.12 Job","level":"1.2.2.12","depth":3,"path":"concepts/job.md","ref":"concepts/job.md","articles":[]},{"title":"2.2.13 CronJob","level":"1.2.2.13","depth":3,"path":"concepts/cronjob.md","ref":"concepts/cronjob.md","articles":[]},{"title":"2.2.14 Ingress","level":"1.2.2.14","depth":3,"path":"concepts/ingress.md","ref":"concepts/ingress.md","articles":[]},{"title":"2.2.15 ConfigMap","level":"1.2.2.15","depth":3,"path":"concepts/configmap.md","ref":"concepts/configmap.md","articles":[]},{"title":"2.2.16 Horizontal Pod Autoscaling","level":"1.2.2.16","depth":3,"path":"concepts/horizontal-pod-autoscaling.md","ref":"concepts/horizontal-pod-autoscaling.md","articles":[]},{"title":"2.2.17 Label","level":"1.2.2.17","depth":3,"path":"concepts/label.md","ref":"concepts/label.md","articles":[]}]},"dir":"ltr"},"config":{"plugins":["github","codesnippet","splitter","page-toc-button","image-captions","page-footer-ex","editlink","-lunr","-search","search-plus"],"styles":{"website":"styles/website.css","pdf":"styles/pdf.css","epub":"styles/epub.css","mobi":"styles/mobi.css","ebook":"styles/ebook.css","print":"styles/print.css"},"pluginsConfig":{"github":{"url":"https://github.com/rootsongjc/kubernetes-handbook"},"editlink":{"label":"编辑本页","multilingual":false,"base":"https://github.com/rootsongjc/kubernetes-handbook/blob/master/"},"page-footer-ex":{"copyright":"for GitBook","update_format":"YYYY-MM-DD HH:mm:ss","update_label":"update"},"splitter":{},"codesnippet":{},"fontsettings":{"theme":"white","family":"sans","size":2},"highlight":{},"page-toc-button":{},"sharing":{"facebook":true,"twitter":true,"google":false,"weibo":false,"instapaper":false,"vk":false,"all":["facebook","google","twitter","weibo","instapaper"]},"theme-default":{"styles":{"website":"styles/website.css","pdf":"styles/pdf.css","epub":"styles/epub.css","mobi":"styles/mobi.css","ebook":"styles/ebook.css","print":"styles/print.css"},"showLevel":false},"search-plus":{},"image-captions":{"
2017-08-21 17:44:43 +08:00
});
< / script >
< / div >
< script src = "../gitbook/gitbook.js" > < / script >
< script src = "../gitbook/theme.js" > < / script >
< script src = "../gitbook/gitbook-plugin-github/plugin.js" > < / script >
< script src = "../gitbook/gitbook-plugin-splitter/splitter.js" > < / script >
< script src = "../gitbook/gitbook-plugin-page-toc-button/plugin.js" > < / script >
< script src = "../gitbook/gitbook-plugin-editlink/plugin.js" > < / script >
< script src = "../gitbook/gitbook-plugin-search-plus/jquery.mark.min.js" > < / script >
< script src = "../gitbook/gitbook-plugin-search-plus/search.js" > < / script >
< script src = "../gitbook/gitbook-plugin-sharing/buttons.js" > < / script >
< script src = "../gitbook/gitbook-plugin-fontsettings/fontsettings.js" > < / script >
< / body >
< / html >
