2020-06-19 14:52:56 +08:00
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< title > Kubernetes 中的网络解析 —— 以 flannel 为例 · Kubernetes Handbook - Kubernetes中文指南/云原生应用架构实践手册 by Jimmy Song(宋净超)< / title >
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< a href = "https://jimmysong.io" target = "_blank" class = "custom-link" > 回到主页< / a >
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< a href = "https://jimmysong.io/awesome-cloud-native" target = "_blank" class = "custom-link" > Awesome Cloud Native< / a >
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< a href = "https://cloudnative.to" target = "_blank" class = "custom-link" > 云原生社区< / a >
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< a href = "https://cloudnativeindustryalliance.github.io/whitepaper2020/" target = "_blank" class = "custom-link" > 中国云原生发展白皮书2020< / a >
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< a href = "https://jimmysong.io/guide-to-cloud-native-app/" target = "_blank" class = "custom-link" > 云原生应用白皮书< / a >
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< li class = "divider" > < / li >
< li class = "header" > 前言< / li >
< li class = "chapter " data-level = "1.1" data-path = "../" >
< a href = "../" >
< b > 1.1.< / b >
序言
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< li class = "header" > 云原生< / li >
< li class = "chapter " data-level = "2.1" data-path = "../cloud-native/cloud-native-definition.html" >
< a href = "../cloud-native/cloud-native-definition.html" >
< b > 2.1.< / b >
云原生（ ）
< / a >
< / li >
< li class = "chapter " data-level = "2.2" data-path = "../cloud-native/cloud-native-philosophy.html" >
< a href = "../cloud-native/cloud-native-philosophy.html" >
< b > 2.2.< / b >
云原生的设计哲学
< / a >
< / li >
< li class = "chapter " data-level = "2.3" data-path = "../cloud-native/play-with-kubernetes.html" >
< a href = "../cloud-native/play-with-kubernetes.html" >
< b > 2.3.< / b >
Play with Kubernetes
< / a >
< / li >
< li class = "chapter " data-level = "2.4" data-path = "../cloud-native/cloud-native-local-quick-start.html" >
< a href = "../cloud-native/cloud-native-local-quick-start.html" >
< b > 2.4.< / b >
快速部署一个云原生本地实验环境
< / a >
< / li >
< li class = "chapter " data-level = "2.5" data-path = "../cloud-native/setup-kubernetes-with-rancher-and-aliyun.html" >
< a href = "../cloud-native/setup-kubernetes-with-rancher-and-aliyun.html" >
< b > 2.5.< / b >
使用 Rancher 在阿里云上部署 Kubenretes 集群
< / a >
< / li >
< li class = "chapter " data-level = "2.6" data-path = "../cloud-native/kubernetes-and-cloud-native-app-overview.html" >
< a href = "../cloud-native/kubernetes-and-cloud-native-app-overview.html" >
< b > 2.6.< / b >
Kubernetes 与云原生应用概览
< / a >
< / li >
< li class = "chapter " data-level = "2.7" data-path = "../cloud-native/from-kubernetes-to-cloud-native.html" >
< a href = "../cloud-native/from-kubernetes-to-cloud-native.html" >
< b > 2.7.< / b >
云原生应用之路 —— 从 Kubernetes 到 Cloud Native
< / a >
< / li >
< li class = "chapter " data-level = "2.8" data-path = "../cloud-native/cloud-native-programming-languages.html" >
< a href = "../cloud-native/cloud-native-programming-languages.html" >
< b > 2.8.< / b >
云原生编程语言
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< li class = "chapter " data-level = "2.8.1" data-path = "../cloud-native/cloud-native-programming-language-ballerina.html" >
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< b > 2.8.1.< / b >
云原生编程语言 Ballerina
< / a >
< / li >
< li class = "chapter " data-level = "2.8.2" data-path = "../cloud-native/cloud-native-programming-language-pulumi.html" >
< a href = "../cloud-native/cloud-native-programming-language-pulumi.html" >
< b > 2.8.2.< / b >
云原生编程语言 Pulumi
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< / li >
< / ul >
< / li >
< li class = "chapter " data-level = "2.9" data-path = "../cloud-native/the-future-of-cloud-native.html" >
< a href = "../cloud-native/the-future-of-cloud-native.html" >
< b > 2.9.< / b >
云原生的未来
< / a >
< / li >
< li class = "chapter " data-level = "2.10" data-path = "../cloud-native/define-cloud-native-app.html" >
< a href = "../cloud-native/define-cloud-native-app.html" >
< b > 2.10.< / b >
定义云原生应用
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< li class = "chapter " data-level = "2.10.1" data-path = "../cloud-native/workload.html" >
< a href = "../cloud-native/workload.html" >
< b > 2.10.1.< / b >
Workload
< / a >
< / li >
< li class = "chapter " data-level = "2.10.2" data-path = "../cloud-native/component.html" >
< a href = "../cloud-native/component.html" >
< b > 2.10.2.< / b >
Component
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< li class = "chapter " data-level = "2.10.3" data-path = "../cloud-native/trait.html" >
< a href = "../cloud-native/trait.html" >
< b > 2.10.3.< / b >
Trait
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< / li >
< li class = "chapter " data-level = "2.10.4" data-path = "../cloud-native/application-scope.html" >
< a href = "../cloud-native/application-scope.html" >
< b > 2.10.4.< / b >
Application Scope
< / a >
< / li >
< li class = "chapter " data-level = "2.10.5" data-path = "../cloud-native/application-configuration.html" >
< a href = "../cloud-native/application-configuration.html" >
< b > 2.10.5.< / b >
Application Configuration
< / a >
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< / ul >
< / li >
< li class = "header" > 概念与原理< / li >
< li class = "chapter " data-level = "3.1" data-path = "./" >
< a href = "./" >
< b > 3.1.< / b >
Kubernetes 架构
< / a >
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< li class = "chapter " data-level = "3.1.1" data-path = "concepts.html" >
< a href = "concepts.html" >
< b > 3.1.1.< / b >
设计理念
< / a >
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< li class = "chapter " data-level = "3.1.2" data-path = "etcd.html" >
< a href = "etcd.html" >
< b > 3.1.2.< / b >
Etcd 解析
< / a >
< / li >
< li class = "chapter " data-level = "3.1.3" data-path = "open-interfaces.html" >
< a href = "open-interfaces.html" >
< b > 3.1.3.< / b >
开放接口
< / a >
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< li class = "chapter " data-level = "3.1.3.1" data-path = "cri.html" >
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< b > 3.1.3.1.< / b >
CRI - Container Runtime Interface（ ）
< / a >
< / li >
< li class = "chapter " data-level = "3.1.3.2" data-path = "cni.html" >
< a href = "cni.html" >
< b > 3.1.3.2.< / b >
CNI - Container Network Interface（ ）
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< b > 3.1.3.3.< / b >
CSI - Container Storage Interface（ ）
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< li class = "chapter " data-level = "3.2" data-path = "networking.html" >
< a href = "networking.html" >
< b > 3.2.< / b >
Kubernetes 中的网络
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< li class = "chapter active" data-level = "3.2.1" data-path = "flannel.html" >
< a href = "flannel.html" >
< b > 3.2.1.< / b >
Kubernetes 中的网络解析 —— 以 flannel 为例
< / a >
< / li >
< li class = "chapter " data-level = "3.2.2" data-path = "calico.html" >
< a href = "calico.html" >
< b > 3.2.2.< / b >
Kubernetes 中的网络解析 —— 以 calico 为例
< / a >
< / li >
< li class = "chapter " data-level = "3.2.3" data-path = "cilium.html" >
< a href = "cilium.html" >
< b > 3.2.3.< / b >
具备 API 感知的网络和安全性管理开源软件 Cilium
< / a >
< ul class = "articles" >
< li class = "chapter " data-level = "3.2.3.1" data-path = "cilium-concepts.html" >
< a href = "cilium-concepts.html" >
< b > 3.2.3.1.< / b >
Cilium 架构设计与概念解析
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< / ul >
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< / li >
< li class = "chapter " data-level = "3.3" data-path = "objects.html" >
< a href = "objects.html" >
< b > 3.3.< / b >
资源对象与基本概念解析
< / a >
< / li >
< li class = "chapter " data-level = "3.4" data-path = "pod-state-and-lifecycle.html" >
< a href = "pod-state-and-lifecycle.html" >
< b > 3.4.< / b >
Pod 状态与生命周期管理
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< li class = "chapter " data-level = "3.4.1" data-path = "pod-overview.html" >
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< b > 3.4.1.< / b >
Pod 概览
< / a >
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< li class = "chapter " data-level = "3.4.2" data-path = "pod.html" >
< a href = "pod.html" >
< b > 3.4.2.< / b >
Pod 解析
< / a >
< / li >
< li class = "chapter " data-level = "3.4.3" data-path = "init-containers.html" >
< a href = "init-containers.html" >
< b > 3.4.3.< / b >
Init 容器
< / a >
< / li >
< li class = "chapter " data-level = "3.4.4" data-path = "pause-container.html" >
< a href = "pause-container.html" >
< b > 3.4.4.< / b >
Pause 容器
< / a >
< / li >
< li class = "chapter " data-level = "3.4.5" data-path = "pod-security-policy.html" >
< a href = "pod-security-policy.html" >
< b > 3.4.5.< / b >
Pod 安全策略
< / a >
< / li >
< li class = "chapter " data-level = "3.4.6" data-path = "pod-lifecycle.html" >
< a href = "pod-lifecycle.html" >
< b > 3.4.6.< / b >
Pod 的生命周期
< / a >
< / li >
< li class = "chapter " data-level = "3.4.7" data-path = "pod-hook.html" >
< a href = "pod-hook.html" >
< b > 3.4.7.< / b >
Pod Hook
< / a >
< / li >
< li class = "chapter " data-level = "3.4.8" data-path = "pod-preset.html" >
< a href = "pod-preset.html" >
< b > 3.4.8.< / b >
Pod Preset
< / a >
< / li >
< li class = "chapter " data-level = "3.4.9" data-path = "pod-disruption-budget.html" >
< a href = "pod-disruption-budget.html" >
< b > 3.4.9.< / b >
Pod 中断与 PDB（
< / a >
< / li >
< / ul >
< / li >
< li class = "chapter " data-level = "3.5" data-path = "cluster.html" >
< a href = "cluster.html" >
< b > 3.5.< / b >
集群资源管理
< / a >
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< li class = "chapter " data-level = "3.5.1" data-path = "node.html" >
< a href = "node.html" >
< b > 3.5.1.< / b >
Node
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< / li >
< li class = "chapter " data-level = "3.5.2" data-path = "namespace.html" >
< a href = "namespace.html" >
< b > 3.5.2.< / b >
Namespace
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< li class = "chapter " data-level = "3.5.3" data-path = "label.html" >
< a href = "label.html" >
< b > 3.5.3.< / b >
Label
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< li class = "chapter " data-level = "3.5.4" data-path = "annotation.html" >
< a href = "annotation.html" >
< b > 3.5.4.< / b >
Annotation
< / a >
< / li >
< li class = "chapter " data-level = "3.5.5" data-path = "taint-and-toleration.html" >
< a href = "taint-and-toleration.html" >
< b > 3.5.5.< / b >
Taint 和 Toleration（ ）
< / a >
< / li >
< li class = "chapter " data-level = "3.5.6" data-path = "garbage-collection.html" >
< a href = "garbage-collection.html" >
< b > 3.5.6.< / b >
垃圾收集
< / a >
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< / ul >
< / li >
< li class = "chapter " data-level = "3.6" data-path = "controllers.html" >
< a href = "controllers.html" >
< b > 3.6.< / b >
控制器
< / a >
< ul class = "articles" >
< li class = "chapter " data-level = "3.6.1" data-path = "deployment.html" >
< a href = "deployment.html" >
< b > 3.6.1.< / b >
Deployment
< / a >
< / li >
< li class = "chapter " data-level = "3.6.2" data-path = "statefulset.html" >
< a href = "statefulset.html" >
< b > 3.6.2.< / b >
StatefulSet
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< / li >
< li class = "chapter " data-level = "3.6.3" data-path = "daemonset.html" >
< a href = "daemonset.html" >
< b > 3.6.3.< / b >
DaemonSet
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< / li >
< li class = "chapter " data-level = "3.6.4" data-path = "replicaset.html" >
< a href = "replicaset.html" >
< b > 3.6.4.< / b >
ReplicationController 和 ReplicaSet
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< / li >
< li class = "chapter " data-level = "3.6.5" data-path = "job.html" >
< a href = "job.html" >
< b > 3.6.5.< / b >
Job
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< / li >
< li class = "chapter " data-level = "3.6.6" data-path = "cronjob.html" >
< a href = "cronjob.html" >
< b > 3.6.6.< / b >
CronJob
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< / li >
< li class = "chapter " data-level = "3.6.7" data-path = "horizontal-pod-autoscaling.html" >
< a href = "horizontal-pod-autoscaling.html" >
< b > 3.6.7.< / b >
Horizontal Pod Autoscaling
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< ul class = "articles" >
< li class = "chapter " data-level = "3.6.7.1" data-path = "custom-metrics-hpa.html" >
< a href = "custom-metrics-hpa.html" >
< b > 3.6.7.1.< / b >
自定义指标 HPA
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< / li >
< li class = "chapter " data-level = "3.6.8" data-path = "admission-controller.html" >
< a href = "admission-controller.html" >
< b > 3.6.8.< / b >
准入控制器（ ）
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< li class = "chapter " data-level = "3.7" data-path = "service-discovery.html" >
< a href = "service-discovery.html" >
< b > 3.7.< / b >
服务发现
< / a >
< ul class = "articles" >
< li class = "chapter " data-level = "3.7.1" data-path = "service.html" >
< a href = "service.html" >
< b > 3.7.1.< / b >
Service
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< / li >
< li class = "chapter " data-level = "3.7.2" data-path = "ingress.html" >
< a href = "ingress.html" >
< b > 3.7.2.< / b >
Ingress
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< ul class = "articles" >
< li class = "chapter " data-level = "3.7.2.1" data-path = "traefik-ingress-controller.html" >
< a href = "traefik-ingress-controller.html" >
< b > 3.7.2.1.< / b >
Traefik Ingress Controller
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< / ul >
< / li >
< / ul >
< / li >
< li class = "chapter " data-level = "3.8" data-path = "authentication-and-permission.html" >
< a href = "authentication-and-permission.html" >
< b > 3.8.< / b >
身份与权限控制
< / a >
< ul class = "articles" >
< li class = "chapter " data-level = "3.8.1" data-path = "serviceaccount.html" >
< a href = "serviceaccount.html" >
< b > 3.8.1.< / b >
ServiceAccount
< / a >
< / li >
< li class = "chapter " data-level = "3.8.2" data-path = "rbac.html" >
< a href = "rbac.html" >
< b > 3.8.2.< / b >
RBAC—— 基于角色的访问控制
< / a >
< / li >
< li class = "chapter " data-level = "3.8.3" data-path = "network-policy.html" >
< a href = "network-policy.html" >
< b > 3.8.3.< / b >
NetworkPolicy
< / a >
< / li >
< / ul >
< / li >
< li class = "chapter " data-level = "3.9" data-path = "storage.html" >
< a href = "storage.html" >
< b > 3.9.< / b >
存储
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< ul class = "articles" >
< li class = "chapter " data-level = "3.9.1" data-path = "secret.html" >
< a href = "secret.html" >
< b > 3.9.1.< / b >
Secret
< / a >
< / li >
< li class = "chapter " data-level = "3.9.2" data-path = "configmap.html" >
< a href = "configmap.html" >
< b > 3.9.2.< / b >
ConfigMap
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< ul class = "articles" >
< li class = "chapter " data-level = "3.9.2.1" data-path = "configmap-hot-update.html" >
< a href = "configmap-hot-update.html" >
< b > 3.9.2.1.< / b >
ConfigMap 的热更新
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< li class = "chapter " data-level = "3.9.3" data-path = "volume.html" >
< a href = "volume.html" >
< b > 3.9.3.< / b >
Volume
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< / li >
< li class = "chapter " data-level = "3.9.4" data-path = "persistent-volume.html" >
< a href = "persistent-volume.html" >
< b > 3.9.4.< / b >
Persistent Volume（ ）
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< li class = "chapter " data-level = "3.9.5" data-path = "storageclass.html" >
< a href = "storageclass.html" >
< b > 3.9.5.< / b >
Storage Class
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< / li >
< li class = "chapter " data-level = "3.9.6" data-path = "local-persistent-storage.html" >
< a href = "local-persistent-storage.html" >
< b > 3.9.6.< / b >
本地持久化存储
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< li class = "chapter " data-level = "3.10" data-path = "extension.html" >
< a href = "extension.html" >
< b > 3.10.< / b >
集群扩展
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< li class = "chapter " data-level = "3.10.1" data-path = "custom-resource.html" >
< a href = "custom-resource.html" >
< b > 3.10.1.< / b >
使用自定义资源扩展 API
< / a >
< / li >
< li class = "chapter " data-level = "3.10.2" data-path = "crd.html" >
< a href = "crd.html" >
< b > 3.10.2.< / b >
使用 CRD 扩展 Kubernetes API
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< / li >
< li class = "chapter " data-level = "3.10.3" data-path = "aggregated-api-server.html" >
< a href = "aggregated-api-server.html" >
< b > 3.10.3.< / b >
Aggregated API Server
< / a >
< / li >
< li class = "chapter " data-level = "3.10.4" data-path = "apiservice.html" >
< a href = "apiservice.html" >
< b > 3.10.4.< / b >
APIService
< / a >
< / li >
< li class = "chapter " data-level = "3.10.5" data-path = "service-catalog.html" >
< a href = "service-catalog.html" >
< b > 3.10.5.< / b >
Service Catalog
< / a >
< / li >
< / ul >
< / li >
< li class = "chapter " data-level = "3.11" data-path = "scheduling.html" >
< a href = "scheduling.html" >
< b > 3.11.< / b >
资源调度
< / a >
< ul class = "articles" >
< li class = "chapter " data-level = "3.11.1" data-path = "qos.html" >
< a href = "qos.html" >
< b > 3.11.1.< / b >
QoS（ ）
< / a >
< / li >
< / ul >
< / li >
< li class = "header" > 用户指南< / li >
< li class = "chapter " data-level = "4.1" data-path = "../guide/" >
< a href = "../guide/" >
< b > 4.1.< / b >
用户指南
< / a >
< / li >
< li class = "chapter " data-level = "4.2" data-path = "../guide/resource-configuration.html" >
< a href = "../guide/resource-configuration.html" >
< b > 4.2.< / b >
资源对象配置
< / a >
< ul class = "articles" >
< li class = "chapter " data-level = "4.2.1" data-path = "../guide/configure-liveness-readiness-probes.html" >
< a href = "../guide/configure-liveness-readiness-probes.html" >
< b > 4.2.1.< / b >
配置 Pod 的 liveness 和 readiness 探针
< / a >
< / li >
< li class = "chapter " data-level = "4.2.2" data-path = "../guide/configure-pod-service-account.html" >
< a href = "../guide/configure-pod-service-account.html" >
< b > 4.2.2.< / b >
配置 Pod 的 Service Account
< / a >
< / li >
< li class = "chapter " data-level = "4.2.3" data-path = "../guide/secret-configuration.html" >
< a href = "../guide/secret-configuration.html" >
< b > 4.2.3.< / b >
Secret 配置
< / a >
< / li >
< li class = "chapter " data-level = "4.2.4" data-path = "../guide/resource-quota-management.html" >
< a href = "../guide/resource-quota-management.html" >
< b > 4.2.4.< / b >
管理 namespace 中的资源配额
< / a >
< / li >
< / ul >
< / li >
< li class = "chapter " data-level = "4.3" data-path = "../guide/command-usage.html" >
< a href = "../guide/command-usage.html" >
< b > 4.3.< / b >
命令使用
< / a >
< ul class = "articles" >
< li class = "chapter " data-level = "4.3.1" data-path = "../guide/docker-cli-to-kubectl.html" >
< a href = "../guide/docker-cli-to-kubectl.html" >
< b > 4.3.1.< / b >
Docker 用户过渡到 kubectl 命令行指南
< / a >
< / li >
< li class = "chapter " data-level = "4.3.2" data-path = "../guide/using-kubectl.html" >
< a href = "../guide/using-kubectl.html" >
< b > 4.3.2.< / b >
kubectl 命令概览
< / a >
< / li >
< li class = "chapter " data-level = "4.3.3" data-path = "../guide/kubectl-cheatsheet.html" >
< a href = "../guide/kubectl-cheatsheet.html" >
< b > 4.3.3.< / b >
kubectl 命令技巧大全
< / a >
< / li >
< li class = "chapter " data-level = "4.3.4" data-path = "../guide/using-etcdctl-to-access-kubernetes-data.html" >
< a href = "../guide/using-etcdctl-to-access-kubernetes-data.html" >
< b > 4.3.4.< / b >
使用 etcdctl 访问 kubernetes 数据
< / a >
< / li >
< / ul >
< / li >
< li class = "chapter " data-level = "4.4" data-path = "../guide/cluster-security-management.html" >
< a href = "../guide/cluster-security-management.html" >
< b > 4.4.< / b >
集群安全性管理
< / a >
< ul class = "articles" >
< li class = "chapter " data-level = "4.4.1" data-path = "../guide/managing-tls-in-a-cluster.html" >
< a href = "../guide/managing-tls-in-a-cluster.html" >
< b > 4.4.1.< / b >
管理集群中的 TLS
< / a >
< / li >
< li class = "chapter " data-level = "4.4.2" data-path = "../guide/kubelet-authentication-authorization.html" >
< a href = "../guide/kubelet-authentication-authorization.html" >
< b > 4.4.2.< / b >
kubelet 的认证授权
< / a >
< / li >
< li class = "chapter " data-level = "4.4.3" data-path = "../guide/tls-bootstrapping.html" >
< a href = "../guide/tls-bootstrapping.html" >
< b > 4.4.3.< / b >
TLS bootstrap
< / a >
< / li >
< li class = "chapter " data-level = "4.4.4" data-path = "../guide/kubectl-user-authentication-authorization.html" >
< a href = "../guide/kubectl-user-authentication-authorization.html" >
< b > 4.4.4.< / b >
创建用户认证授权的 kubeconfig 文件
< / a >
< / li >
< li class = "chapter " data-level = "4.4.5" data-path = "../guide/ip-masq-agent.html" >
< a href = "../guide/ip-masq-agent.html" >
< b > 4.4.5.< / b >
IP 伪装代理
< / a >
< / li >
< li class = "chapter " data-level = "4.4.6" data-path = "../guide/auth-with-kubeconfig-or-token.html" >
< a href = "../guide/auth-with-kubeconfig-or-token.html" >
< b > 4.4.6.< / b >
使用 kubeconfig 或 token 进行用户身份认证
< / a >
< / li >
< li class = "chapter " data-level = "4.4.7" data-path = "../guide/authentication.html" >
< a href = "../guide/authentication.html" >
< b > 4.4.7.< / b >
Kubernetes 中的用户与身份认证授权
< / a >
< / li >
< li class = "chapter " data-level = "4.4.8" data-path = "../guide/kubernetes-security-best-practice.html" >
< a href = "../guide/kubernetes-security-best-practice.html" >
< b > 4.4.8.< / b >
Kubernetes 集群安全性配置最佳实践
< / a >
< / li >
< / ul >
< / li >
< li class = "chapter " data-level = "4.5" data-path = "../guide/access-kubernetes-cluster.html" >
< a href = "../guide/access-kubernetes-cluster.html" >
< b > 4.5.< / b >
访问 Kubernetes 集群
< / a >
< ul class = "articles" >
< li class = "chapter " data-level = "4.5.1" data-path = "../guide/access-cluster.html" >
< a href = "../guide/access-cluster.html" >
< b > 4.5.1.< / b >
访问集群
< / a >
< / li >
< li class = "chapter " data-level = "4.5.2" data-path = "../guide/authenticate-across-clusters-kubeconfig.html" >
< a href = "../guide/authenticate-across-clusters-kubeconfig.html" >
< b > 4.5.2.< / b >
使用 kubeconfig 文件配置跨集群认证
< / a >
< / li >
< li class = "chapter " data-level = "4.5.3" data-path = "../guide/connecting-to-applications-port-forward.html" >
< a href = "../guide/connecting-to-applications-port-forward.html" >
< b > 4.5.3.< / b >
通过端口转发访问集群中的应用程序
< / a >
< / li >
< li class = "chapter " data-level = "4.5.4" data-path = "../guide/service-access-application-cluster.html" >
< a href = "../guide/service-access-application-cluster.html" >
< b > 4.5.4.< / b >
使用 service 访问群集中的应用程序
< / a >
< / li >
< li class = "chapter " data-level = "4.5.5" data-path = "../guide/accessing-kubernetes-pods-from-outside-of-the-cluster.html" >
< a href = "../guide/accessing-kubernetes-pods-from-outside-of-the-cluster.html" >
< b > 4.5.5.< / b >
从外部访问 Kubernetes 中的 Pod
< / a >
< / li >
< li class = "chapter " data-level = "4.5.6" data-path = "../guide/cabin-mobile-dashboard-for-kubernetes.html" >
< a href = "../guide/cabin-mobile-dashboard-for-kubernetes.html" >
< b > 4.5.6.< / b >
Cabin - Kubernetes 手机客户端
< / a >
< / li >
< li class = "chapter " data-level = "4.5.7" data-path = "../guide/kubernetes-desktop-client.html" >
< a href = "../guide/kubernetes-desktop-client.html" >
< b > 4.5.7.< / b >
Kubernetic - Kubernetes 桌面客户端
< / a >
< / li >
< li class = "chapter " data-level = "4.5.8" data-path = "../guide/kubernator-kubernetes-ui.html" >
< a href = "../guide/kubernator-kubernetes-ui.html" >
< b > 4.5.8.< / b >
Kubernator - 更底层的 Kubernetes UI
< / a >
< / li >
< / ul >
< / li >
< li class = "chapter " data-level = "4.6" data-path = "../guide/application-development-deployment-flow.html" >
< a href = "../guide/application-development-deployment-flow.html" >
< b > 4.6.< / b >
在 Kubernetes 中开发部署应用
< / a >
< ul class = "articles" >
< li class = "chapter " data-level = "4.6.1" data-path = "../guide/deploy-applications-in-kubernetes.html" >
< a href = "../guide/deploy-applications-in-kubernetes.html" >
< b > 4.6.1.< / b >
适用于 kubernetes 的应用开发部署流程
< / a >
< / li >
< li class = "chapter " data-level = "4.6.2" data-path = "../guide/migrating-hadoop-yarn-to-kubernetes.html" >
< a href = "../guide/migrating-hadoop-yarn-to-kubernetes.html" >
< b > 4.6.2.< / b >
迁移传统应用到 Kubernetes 中 —— 以 Hadoop YARN 为例
< / a >
< / li >
< li class = "chapter " data-level = "4.6.3" data-path = "../guide/using-statefulset.html" >
< a href = "../guide/using-statefulset.html" >
< b > 4.6.3.< / b >
使用 StatefulSet 部署用状态应用
< / a >
< / li >
< / ul >
< / li >
< li class = "header" > 最佳实践< / li >
< li class = "chapter " data-level = "5.1" data-path = "../practice/" >
< a href = "../practice/" >
< b > 5.1.< / b >
最佳实践概览
< / a >
< / li >
< li class = "chapter " data-level = "5.2" data-path = "../practice/install-kubernetes-on-centos.html" >
< a href = "../practice/install-kubernetes-on-centos.html" >
< b > 5.2.< / b >
在 CentOS 上部署 Kubernetes 集群
< / a >
< ul class = "articles" >
< li class = "chapter " data-level = "5.2.1" data-path = "../practice/create-tls-and-secret-key.html" >
< a href = "../practice/create-tls-and-secret-key.html" >
< b > 5.2.1.< / b >
创建 TLS 证书和秘钥
< / a >
< / li >
< li class = "chapter " data-level = "5.2.2" data-path = "../practice/create-kubeconfig.html" >
< a href = "../practice/create-kubeconfig.html" >
< b > 5.2.2.< / b >
创建 kubeconfig 文件
< / a >
< / li >
< li class = "chapter " data-level = "5.2.3" data-path = "../practice/etcd-cluster-installation.html" >
< a href = "../practice/etcd-cluster-installation.html" >
< b > 5.2.3.< / b >
创建高可用 etcd 集群
< / a >
< / li >
< li class = "chapter " data-level = "5.2.4" data-path = "../practice/kubectl-installation.html" >
< a href = "../practice/kubectl-installation.html" >
< b > 5.2.4.< / b >
安装 kubectl 命令行工具
< / a >
< / li >
< li class = "chapter " data-level = "5.2.5" data-path = "../practice/master-installation.html" >
< a href = "../practice/master-installation.html" >
< b > 5.2.5.< / b >
部署 master 节点
< / a >
< / li >
< li class = "chapter " data-level = "5.2.6" data-path = "../practice/flannel-installation.html" >
< a href = "../practice/flannel-installation.html" >
< b > 5.2.6.< / b >
安装 flannel 网络插件
< / a >
< / li >
< li class = "chapter " data-level = "5.2.7" data-path = "../practice/node-installation.html" >
< a href = "../practice/node-installation.html" >
< b > 5.2.7.< / b >
部署 node 节点
< / a >
< / li >
< li class = "chapter " data-level = "5.2.8" data-path = "../practice/kubedns-addon-installation.html" >
< a href = "../practice/kubedns-addon-installation.html" >
< b > 5.2.8.< / b >
安装 kubedns 插件
< / a >
< / li >
< li class = "chapter " data-level = "5.2.9" data-path = "../practice/dashboard-addon-installation.html" >
< a href = "../practice/dashboard-addon-installation.html" >
< b > 5.2.9.< / b >
安装 dashboard 插件
< / a >
< / li >
< li class = "chapter " data-level = "5.2.10" data-path = "../practice/heapster-addon-installation.html" >
< a href = "../practice/heapster-addon-installation.html" >
< b > 5.2.10.< / b >
安装 heapster 插件
< / a >
< / li >
< li class = "chapter " data-level = "5.2.11" data-path = "../practice/efk-addon-installation.html" >
< a href = "../practice/efk-addon-installation.html" >
< b > 5.2.11.< / b >
安装 EFK 插件
< / a >
< / li >
< / ul >
< / li >
< li class = "chapter " data-level = "5.3" data-path = "../practice/install-kubernetes-with-kubeadm.html" >
< a href = "../practice/install-kubernetes-with-kubeadm.html" >
< b > 5.3.< / b >
生产级的 Kubernetes 简化管理工具 kubeadm
< / a >
< ul class = "articles" >
< li class = "chapter " data-level = "5.3.1" data-path = "../practice/install-kubernetes-on-ubuntu-server-16.04-with-kubeadm.html" >
< a href = "../practice/install-kubernetes-on-ubuntu-server-16.04-with-kubeadm.html" >
< b > 5.3.1.< / b >
使用 kubeadm 在 Ubuntu Server 16.04 上快速构建测试集群
< / a >
< / li >
< / ul >
< / li >
< li class = "chapter " data-level = "5.4" data-path = "../practice/service-discovery-and-loadbalancing.html" >
< a href = "../practice/service-discovery-and-loadbalancing.html" >
< b > 5.4.< / b >
服务发现与负载均衡
< / a >
< ul class = "articles" >
< li class = "chapter " data-level = "5.4.1" data-path = "../practice/traefik-ingress-installation.html" >
< a href = "../practice/traefik-ingress-installation.html" >
< b > 5.4.1.< / b >
安装 Traefik ingress
< / a >
< / li >
< li class = "chapter " data-level = "5.4.2" data-path = "../practice/distributed-load-test.html" >
< a href = "../practice/distributed-load-test.html" >
< b > 5.4.2.< / b >
分布式负载测试
< / a >
< / li >
< li class = "chapter " data-level = "5.4.3" data-path = "../practice/network-and-cluster-perfermance-test.html" >
< a href = "../practice/network-and-cluster-perfermance-test.html" >
< b > 5.4.3.< / b >
网络和集群性能测试
< / a >
< / li >
< li class = "chapter " data-level = "5.4.4" data-path = "../practice/edge-node-configuration.html" >
< a href = "../practice/edge-node-configuration.html" >
< b > 5.4.4.< / b >
边缘节点配置
< / a >
< / li >
< li class = "chapter " data-level = "5.4.5" data-path = "../practice/nginx-ingress-installation.html" >
< a href = "../practice/nginx-ingress-installation.html" >
< b > 5.4.5.< / b >
安装 Nginx ingress
< / a >
< / li >
< li class = "chapter " data-level = "5.4.6" data-path = "../practice/dns-installation.html" >
< a href = "../practice/dns-installation.html" >
< b > 5.4.6.< / b >
安装配置 DNS
< / a >
< ul class = "articles" >
< li class = "chapter " data-level = "5.4.6.1" data-path = "../practice/configuring-dns.html" >
< a href = "../practice/configuring-dns.html" >
< b > 5.4.6.1.< / b >
安装配置 Kube-dns
< / a >
< / li >
< li class = "chapter " data-level = "5.4.6.2" data-path = "../practice/coredns.html" >
< a href = "../practice/coredns.html" >
< b > 5.4.6.2.< / b >
安装配置 CoreDNS
< / a >
< / li >
< / ul >
< / li >
< / ul >
< / li >
< li class = "chapter " data-level = "5.5" data-path = "../practice/operation.html" >
< a href = "../practice/operation.html" >
< b > 5.5.< / b >
运维管理
< / a >
< ul class = "articles" >
< li class = "chapter " data-level = "5.5.1" data-path = "../practice/master-ha.html" >
< a href = "../practice/master-ha.html" >
< b > 5.5.1.< / b >
Master 节点高可用
< / a >
< / li >
< li class = "chapter " data-level = "5.5.2" data-path = "../practice/service-rolling-update.html" >
< a href = "../practice/service-rolling-update.html" >
< b > 5.5.2.< / b >
服务滚动升级
< / a >
< / li >
< li class = "chapter " data-level = "5.5.3" data-path = "../practice/app-log-collection.html" >
< a href = "../practice/app-log-collection.html" >
< b > 5.5.3.< / b >
应用日志收集
< / a >
< / li >
< li class = "chapter " data-level = "5.5.4" data-path = "../practice/configuration-best-practice.html" >
< a href = "../practice/configuration-best-practice.html" >
< b > 5.5.4.< / b >
配置最佳实践
< / a >
< / li >
< li class = "chapter " data-level = "5.5.5" data-path = "../practice/monitor.html" >
< a href = "../practice/monitor.html" >
< b > 5.5.5.< / b >
集群及应用监控
< / a >
< / li >
< li class = "chapter " data-level = "5.5.6" data-path = "../practice/data-persistence-problem.html" >
< a href = "../practice/data-persistence-problem.html" >
< b > 5.5.6.< / b >
数据持久化问题
< / a >
< / li >
< li class = "chapter " data-level = "5.5.7" data-path = "../practice/manage-compute-resources-container.html" >
< a href = "../practice/manage-compute-resources-container.html" >
< b > 5.5.7.< / b >
管理容器的计算资源
< / a >
< / li >
< li class = "chapter " data-level = "5.5.8" data-path = "../practice/federation.html" >
< a href = "../practice/federation.html" >
< b > 5.5.8.< / b >
集群联邦
< / a >
< / li >
< / ul >
< / li >
< li class = "chapter " data-level = "5.6" data-path = "../practice/storage.html" >
< a href = "../practice/storage.html" >
< b > 5.6.< / b >
存储管理
< / a >
< ul class = "articles" >
< li class = "chapter " data-level = "5.6.1" data-path = "../practice/glusterfs.html" >
< a href = "../practice/glusterfs.html" >
< b > 5.6.1.< / b >
GlusterFS
< / a >
< ul class = "articles" >
< li class = "chapter " data-level = "5.6.1.1" data-path = "../practice/using-glusterfs-for-persistent-storage.html" >
< a href = "../practice/using-glusterfs-for-persistent-storage.html" >
< b > 5.6.1.1.< / b >
使用 GlusterFS 做持久化存储
< / a >
< / li >
< li class = "chapter " data-level = "5.6.1.2" data-path = "../practice/using-heketi-gluster-for-persistent-storage.html" >
< a href = "../practice/using-heketi-gluster-for-persistent-storage.html" >
< b > 5.6.1.2.< / b >
使用 Heketi 作为 Kubernetes 的持久存储 GlusterFS 的 external provisioner
< / a >
< / li >
< li class = "chapter " data-level = "5.6.1.3" data-path = "../practice/storage-for-containers-using-glusterfs-with-openshift.html" >
< a href = "../practice/storage-for-containers-using-glusterfs-with-openshift.html" >
< b > 5.6.1.3.< / b >
在 OpenShift 中使用 GlusterFS 做持久化存储
< / a >
< / li >
< / ul >
< / li >
< li class = "chapter " data-level = "5.6.2" data-path = "../practice/glusterd-2.0.html" >
< a href = "../practice/glusterd-2.0.html" >
< b > 5.6.2.< / b >
GlusterD-2.0
< / a >
< / li >
< li class = "chapter " data-level = "5.6.3" data-path = "../practice/ceph.html" >
< a href = "../practice/ceph.html" >
< b > 5.6.3.< / b >
Ceph
< / a >
< ul class = "articles" >
< li class = "chapter " data-level = "5.6.3.1" data-path = "../practice/ceph-helm-install-guide-zh.html" >
< a href = "../practice/ceph-helm-install-guide-zh.html" >
< b > 5.6.3.1.< / b >
用 Helm 托管安装 Ceph 集群并提供后端存储
< / a >
< / li >
< li class = "chapter " data-level = "5.6.3.2" data-path = "../practice/using-ceph-for-persistent-storage.html" >
< a href = "../practice/using-ceph-for-persistent-storage.html" >
< b > 5.6.3.2.< / b >
使用 Ceph 做持久化存储
< / a >
< / li >
< li class = "chapter " data-level = "5.6.3.3" data-path = "../practice/rbd-provisioner.html" >
< a href = "../practice/rbd-provisioner.html" >
< b > 5.6.3.3.< / b >
使用 rbd-provisioner 提供 rbd 持久化存储
< / a >
< / li >
< / ul >
< / li >
< li class = "chapter " data-level = "5.6.4" data-path = "../practice/openebs.html" >
< a href = "../practice/openebs.html" >
< b > 5.6.4.< / b >
OpenEBS
< / a >
< ul class = "articles" >
< li class = "chapter " data-level = "5.6.4.1" data-path = "../practice/using-openebs-for-persistent-storage.html" >
< a href = "../practice/using-openebs-for-persistent-storage.html" >
< b > 5.6.4.1.< / b >
使用 OpenEBS 做持久化存储
< / a >
< / li >
< / ul >
< / li >
< li class = "chapter " data-level = "5.6.5" data-path = "../practice/rook.html" >
< a href = "../practice/rook.html" >
< b > 5.6.5.< / b >
Rook
< / a >
< / li >
< li class = "chapter " data-level = "5.6.6" data-path = "../practice/nfs.html" >
< a href = "../practice/nfs.html" >
< b > 5.6.6.< / b >
NFS
< / a >
< ul class = "articles" >
< li class = "chapter " data-level = "5.6.6.1" data-path = "../practice/using-nfs-for-persistent-storage.html" >
< a href = "../practice/using-nfs-for-persistent-storage.html" >
< b > 5.6.6.1.< / b >
利用 NFS 动态提供 Kubernetes 后端存储卷
< / a >
< / li >
< / ul >
< / li >
< / ul >
< / li >
< li class = "chapter " data-level = "5.7" data-path = "../practice/monitoring.html" >
< a href = "../practice/monitoring.html" >
< b > 5.7.< / b >
集群与应用监控
< / a >
< ul class = "articles" >
< li class = "chapter " data-level = "5.7.1" data-path = "../practice/heapster.html" >
< a href = "../practice/heapster.html" >
< b > 5.7.1.< / b >
Heapster
< / a >
< ul class = "articles" >
< li class = "chapter " data-level = "5.7.1.1" data-path = "../practice/using-heapster-to-get-object-metrics.html" >
< a href = "../practice/using-heapster-to-get-object-metrics.html" >
< b > 5.7.1.1.< / b >
使用 Heapster 获取集群和对象的 metric 数据
< / a >
< / li >
< / ul >
< / li >
< li class = "chapter " data-level = "5.7.2" data-path = "../practice/prometheus.html" >
< a href = "../practice/prometheus.html" >
< b > 5.7.2.< / b >
Prometheus
< / a >
< ul class = "articles" >
< li class = "chapter " data-level = "5.7.2.1" data-path = "../practice/using-prometheus-to-monitor-kuberentes-cluster.html" >
< a href = "../practice/using-prometheus-to-monitor-kuberentes-cluster.html" >
< b > 5.7.2.1.< / b >
使用 Prometheus 监控 kubernetes 集群
< / a >
< / li >
< li class = "chapter " data-level = "5.7.2.2" data-path = "../practice/promql.html" >
< a href = "../practice/promql.html" >
< b > 5.7.2.2.< / b >
Prometheus 查询语言 PromQL 使用说明
< / a >
< / li >
< / ul >
< / li >
< li class = "chapter " data-level = "5.7.3" data-path = "../practice/vistio-visualize-your-istio-mesh.html" >
< a href = "../practice/vistio-visualize-your-istio-mesh.html" >
< b > 5.7.3.< / b >
使用 Vistio 监控 Istio 服务网格中的流量
< / a >
< / li >
< / ul >
< / li >
< li class = "chapter " data-level = "5.8" data-path = "../practice/distributed-tracing.html" >
< a href = "../practice/distributed-tracing.html" >
< b > 5.8.< / b >
分布式跟踪
< / a >
< ul class = "articles" >
< li class = "chapter " data-level = "5.8.1" data-path = "../practice/opentracing.html" >
< a href = "../practice/opentracing.html" >
< b > 5.8.1.< / b >
OpenTracing
< / a >
< / li >
< / ul >
< / li >
< li class = "chapter " data-level = "5.9" data-path = "../practice/services-management-tool.html" >
< a href = "../practice/services-management-tool.html" >
< b > 5.9.< / b >
服务编排管理
< / a >
< ul class = "articles" >
< li class = "chapter " data-level = "5.9.1" data-path = "../practice/helm.html" >
< a href = "../practice/helm.html" >
< b > 5.9.1.< / b >
使用 Helm 管理 Kubernetes 应用
< / a >
< / li >
< li class = "chapter " data-level = "5.9.2" data-path = "../practice/create-private-charts-repo.html" >
< a href = "../practice/create-private-charts-repo.html" >
< b > 5.9.2.< / b >
构建私有 Chart 仓库
< / a >
< / li >
< / ul >
< / li >
< li class = "chapter " data-level = "5.10" data-path = "../practice/ci-cd.html" >
< a href = "../practice/ci-cd.html" >
< b > 5.10.< / b >
持续集成与发布
< / a >
< ul class = "articles" >
< li class = "chapter " data-level = "5.10.1" data-path = "../practice/jenkins-ci-cd.html" >
< a href = "../practice/jenkins-ci-cd.html" >
< b > 5.10.1.< / b >
使用 Jenkins 进行持续集成与发布
< / a >
< / li >
< li class = "chapter " data-level = "5.10.2" data-path = "../practice/drone-ci-cd.html" >
< a href = "../practice/drone-ci-cd.html" >
< b > 5.10.2.< / b >
使用 Drone 进行持续集成与发布
< / a >
< / li >
< / ul >
< / li >
< li class = "chapter " data-level = "5.11" data-path = "../practice/update-and-upgrade.html" >
< a href = "../practice/update-and-upgrade.html" >
< b > 5.11.< / b >
更新与升级
< / a >
< ul class = "articles" >
< li class = "chapter " data-level = "5.11.1" data-path = "../practice/manually-upgrade.html" >
< a href = "../practice/manually-upgrade.html" >
< b > 5.11.1.< / b >
手动升级 Kubernetes 集群
< / a >
< / li >
< li class = "chapter " data-level = "5.11.2" data-path = "../practice/dashboard-upgrade.html" >
< a href = "../practice/dashboard-upgrade.html" >
< b > 5.11.2.< / b >
升级 dashboard
< / a >
< / li >
< / ul >
< / li >
< li class = "chapter " data-level = "5.12" data-path = "../practice/controller-extended.html" >
< a href = "../practice/controller-extended.html" >
< b > 5.12.< / b >
扩展控制器
< / a >
< ul class = "articles" >
< li class = "chapter " data-level = "5.12.1" data-path = "../practice/openkruise.html" >
< a href = "../practice/openkruise.html" >
< b > 5.12.1.< / b >
OpenKruise
< / a >
< / li >
< / ul >
< / li >
< li class = "header" > 领域应用< / li >
< li class = "chapter " data-level = "6.1" data-path = "../usecases/" >
< a href = "../usecases/" >
< b > 6.1.< / b >
领域应用概览
< / a >
< / li >
< li class = "chapter " data-level = "6.2" data-path = "../usecases/microservices.html" >
< a href = "../usecases/microservices.html" >
< b > 6.2.< / b >
微服务架构
< / a >
< ul class = "articles" >
< li class = "chapter " data-level = "6.2.1" data-path = "../usecases/service-discovery-in-microservices.html" >
< a href = "../usecases/service-discovery-in-microservices.html" >
< b > 6.2.1.< / b >
微服务中的服务发现
< / a >
< / li >
< li class = "chapter " data-level = "6.2.2" data-path = "../usecases/microservices-for-java-developers.html" >
< a href = "../usecases/microservices-for-java-developers.html" >
< b > 6.2.2.< / b >
使用 Java 构建微服务并发布到 Kubernetes 平台
< / a >
< ul class = "articles" >
< li class = "chapter " data-level = "6.2.2.1" data-path = "../usecases/spring-boot-quick-start-guide.html" >
< a href = "../usecases/spring-boot-quick-start-guide.html" >
< b > 6.2.2.1.< / b >
Spring Boot 快速开始指南
< / a >
< / li >
< / ul >
< / li >
< / ul >
< / li >
< li class = "chapter " data-level = "6.3" data-path = "../usecases/service-mesh.html" >
< a href = "../usecases/service-mesh.html" >
< b > 6.3.< / b >
Service Mesh 服务网格
< / a >
< ul class = "articles" >
< li class = "chapter " data-level = "6.3.1" data-path = "../usecases/the-enterprise-path-to-service-mesh-architectures.html" >
< a href = "../usecases/the-enterprise-path-to-service-mesh-architectures.html" >
< b > 6.3.1.< / b >
企业级服务网格架构
< / a >
< ul class = "articles" >
< li class = "chapter " data-level = "6.3.1.1" data-path = "../usecases/service-mesh-fundamental.html" >
< a href = "../usecases/service-mesh-fundamental.html" >
< b > 6.3.1.1.< / b >
Service Mesh 基础
< / a >
< / li >
< li class = "chapter " data-level = "6.3.1.2" data-path = "../usecases/comparing-service-mesh-technologies.html" >
< a href = "../usecases/comparing-service-mesh-technologies.html" >
< b > 6.3.1.2.< / b >
Service Mesh 技术对比
< / a >
< / li >
< li class = "chapter " data-level = "6.3.1.3" data-path = "../usecases/service-mesh-adoption-and-evolution.html" >
< a href = "../usecases/service-mesh-adoption-and-evolution.html" >
< b > 6.3.1.3.< / b >
采纳和演进
< / a >
< / li >
< li class = "chapter " data-level = "6.3.1.4" data-path = "../usecases/service-mesh-customization-and-integration.html" >
< a href = "../usecases/service-mesh-customization-and-integration.html" >
< b > 6.3.1.4.< / b >
定制和集成
< / a >
< / li >
< li class = "chapter " data-level = "6.3.1.5" data-path = "../usecases/service-mesh-conclusion.html" >
< a href = "../usecases/service-mesh-conclusion.html" >
< b > 6.3.1.5.< / b >
总结
< / a >
< / li >
< / ul >
< / li >
< li class = "chapter " data-level = "6.3.2" data-path = "../usecases/istio.html" >
< a href = "../usecases/istio.html" >
< b > 6.3.2.< / b >
Istio
< / a >
< ul class = "articles" >
< li class = "chapter " data-level = "6.3.2.1" data-path = "../usecases/istio-installation.html" >
< a href = "../usecases/istio-installation.html" >
< b > 6.3.2.1.< / b >
安装并试用 Istio service mesh
< / a >
< / li >
< li class = "chapter " data-level = "6.3.2.2" data-path = "../usecases/sidecar-spec-in-istio.html" >
< a href = "../usecases/sidecar-spec-in-istio.html" >
< b > 6.3.2.2.< / b >
Istio 中 sidecar 的注入规范及示例
< / a >
< / li >
< li class = "chapter " data-level = "6.3.2.3" data-path = "../usecases/istio-community-tips.html" >
< a href = "../usecases/istio-community-tips.html" >
< b > 6.3.2.3.< / b >
如何参与 Istio 社区及注意事项
< / a >
< / li >
< li class = "chapter " data-level = "6.3.2.4" data-path = "../usecases/istio-tutorials-collection.html" >
< a href = "../usecases/istio-tutorials-collection.html" >
< b > 6.3.2.4.< / b >
Istio 免费学习资源汇总
< / a >
< / li >
< li class = "chapter " data-level = "6.3.2.5" data-path = "../usecases/understand-sidecar-injection-and-traffic-hijack-in-istio-service-mesh.html" >
< a href = "../usecases/understand-sidecar-injection-and-traffic-hijack-in-istio-service-mesh.html" >
< b > 6.3.2.5.< / b >
Sidecar 的注入与流量劫持
< / a >
< / li >
< li class = "chapter " data-level = "6.3.2.6" data-path = "../usecases/envoy-sidecar-routing-of-istio-service-mesh-deep-dive.html" >
< a href = "../usecases/envoy-sidecar-routing-of-istio-service-mesh-deep-dive.html" >
< b > 6.3.2.6.< / b >
Envoy Sidecar 代理的路由转发
< / a >
< / li >
< / ul >
< / li >
< li class = "chapter " data-level = "6.3.3" data-path = "../usecases/linkerd.html" >
< a href = "../usecases/linkerd.html" >
< b > 6.3.3.< / b >
Linkerd
< / a >
< ul class = "articles" >
< li class = "chapter " data-level = "6.3.3.1" data-path = "../usecases/linkerd-user-guide.html" >
< a href = "../usecases/linkerd-user-guide.html" >
< b > 6.3.3.1.< / b >
Linkerd 使用指南
< / a >
< / li >
< / ul >
< / li >
< li class = "chapter " data-level = "6.3.4" data-path = "../usecases/conduit.html" >
< a href = "../usecases/conduit.html" >
< b > 6.3.4.< / b >
Conduit
< / a >
< ul class = "articles" >
< li class = "chapter " data-level = "6.3.4.1" data-path = "../usecases/conduit-overview.html" >
< a href = "../usecases/conduit-overview.html" >
< b > 6.3.4.1.< / b >
Condiut 概览
< / a >
< / li >
< li class = "chapter " data-level = "6.3.4.2" data-path = "../usecases/conduit-installation.html" >
< a href = "../usecases/conduit-installation.html" >
< b > 6.3.4.2.< / b >
安装 Conduit
< / a >
< / li >
< / ul >
< / li >
< li class = "chapter " data-level = "6.3.5" data-path = "../usecases/envoy.html" >
< a href = "../usecases/envoy.html" >
< b > 6.3.5.< / b >
Envoy
< / a >
< ul class = "articles" >
< li class = "chapter " data-level = "6.3.5.1" data-path = "../usecases/envoy-terminology.html" >
< a href = "../usecases/envoy-terminology.html" >
< b > 6.3.5.1.< / b >
Envoy 的架构与基本术语
< / a >
< / li >
< li class = "chapter " data-level = "6.3.5.2" data-path = "../usecases/envoy-front-proxy.html" >
< a href = "../usecases/envoy-front-proxy.html" >
< b > 6.3.5.2.< / b >
Envoy 作为前端代理
< / a >
< / li >
< li class = "chapter " data-level = "6.3.5.3" data-path = "../usecases/envoy-mesh-in-kubernetes-tutorial.html" >
< a href = "../usecases/envoy-mesh-in-kubernetes-tutorial.html" >
< b > 6.3.5.3.< / b >
Envoy mesh 教程
< / a >
< / li >
< / ul >
< / li >
< li class = "chapter " data-level = "6.3.6" data-path = "../usecases/mosn.html" >
< a href = "../usecases/mosn.html" >
< b > 6.3.6.< / b >
MOSN
< / a >
< / li >
< / ul >
< / li >
< li class = "chapter " data-level = "6.4" data-path = "../usecases/big-data.html" >
< a href = "../usecases/big-data.html" >
< b > 6.4.< / b >
大数据
< / a >
< ul class = "articles" >
< li class = "chapter " data-level = "6.4.1" data-path = "../usecases/spark-standalone-on-kubernetes.html" >
< a href = "../usecases/spark-standalone-on-kubernetes.html" >
< b > 6.4.1.< / b >
Spark standalone on Kubernetes
< / a >
< / li >
< li class = "chapter " data-level = "6.4.2" data-path = "../usecases/running-spark-with-kubernetes-native-scheduler.html" >
< a href = "../usecases/running-spark-with-kubernetes-native-scheduler.html" >
< b > 6.4.2.< / b >
运行支持 Kubernetes 原生调度的 Spark 程序
< / a >
< / li >
< / ul >
< / li >
< li class = "chapter " data-level = "6.5" data-path = "../usecases/serverless.html" >
< a href = "../usecases/serverless.html" >
< b > 6.5.< / b >
Serverless 架构
< / a >
< ul class = "articles" >
< li class = "chapter " data-level = "6.5.1" data-path = "../usecases/understanding-serverless.html" >
< a href = "../usecases/understanding-serverless.html" >
< b > 6.5.1.< / b >
理解 Serverless
< / a >
< / li >
< li class = "chapter " data-level = "6.5.2" data-path = "../usecases/faas.html" >
< a href = "../usecases/faas.html" >
< b > 6.5.2.< / b >
FaaS（ ）
< / a >
< ul class = "articles" >
< li class = "chapter " data-level = "6.5.2.1" data-path = "../usecases/openfaas-quick-start.html" >
< a href = "../usecases/openfaas-quick-start.html" >
< b > 6.5.2.1.< / b >
OpenFaaS 快速入门指南
< / a >
< / li >
< / ul >
< / li >
< li class = "chapter " data-level = "6.5.3" data-path = "../usecases/knative.html" >
< a href = "../usecases/knative.html" >
< b > 6.5.3.< / b >
Knative
< / a >
< / li >
< / ul >
< / li >
< li class = "chapter " data-level = "6.6" data-path = "../usecases/cloud-native-app-standard.html" >
< a href = "../usecases/cloud-native-app-standard.html" >
< b > 6.6.< / b >
云原生应用标准
< / a >
< ul class = "articles" >
< li class = "chapter " data-level = "6.6.1" data-path = "../usecases/oam.html" >
< a href = "../usecases/oam.html" >
< b > 6.6.1.< / b >
OAM（ ）
< / a >
< / li >
< / ul >
< / li >
< li class = "chapter " data-level = "6.7" data-path = "../usecases/edge-computing.html" >
< a href = "../usecases/edge-computing.html" >
< b > 6.7.< / b >
边缘计算
< / a >
< / li >
< li class = "chapter " data-level = "6.8" data-path = "../usecases/ai.html" >
< a href = "../usecases/ai.html" >
< b > 6.8.< / b >
人工智能
< / a >
< / li >
< li class = "header" > 开发指南< / li >
< li class = "chapter " data-level = "7.1" data-path = "../develop/" >
< a href = "../develop/" >
< b > 7.1.< / b >
开发指南概览
< / a >
< / li >
< li class = "chapter " data-level = "7.2" data-path = "../develop/sigs-and-working-group.html" >
< a href = "../develop/sigs-and-working-group.html" >
< b > 7.2.< / b >
SIG 和工作组
< / a >
< / li >
< li class = "chapter " data-level = "7.3" data-path = "../develop/developing-environment.html" >
< a href = "../develop/developing-environment.html" >
< b > 7.3.< / b >
开发环境搭建
< / a >
< ul class = "articles" >
< li class = "chapter " data-level = "7.3.1" data-path = "../develop/using-vagrant-and-virtualbox-for-development.html" >
< a href = "../develop/using-vagrant-and-virtualbox-for-development.html" >
< b > 7.3.1.< / b >
本地分布式开发环境搭建（使用 Vagrant 和 Virtualbox）
< / a >
< / li >
< / ul >
< / li >
< li class = "chapter " data-level = "7.4" data-path = "../develop/testing.html" >
< a href = "../develop/testing.html" >
< b > 7.4.< / b >
单元测试和集成测试
< / a >
< / li >
< li class = "chapter " data-level = "7.5" data-path = "../develop/client-go-sample.html" >
< a href = "../develop/client-go-sample.html" >
< b > 7.5.< / b >
client-go 示例
< / a >
< / li >
< li class = "chapter " data-level = "7.6" data-path = "../develop/operator.html" >
< a href = "../develop/operator.html" >
< b > 7.6.< / b >
Operator
< / a >
< ul class = "articles" >
< li class = "chapter " data-level = "7.6.1" data-path = "../develop/operator-sdk.html" >
< a href = "../develop/operator-sdk.html" >
< b > 7.6.1.< / b >
operator-sdk
< / a >
< / li >
< / ul >
< / li >
< li class = "chapter " data-level = "7.7" data-path = "../develop/kubebuilder.html" >
< a href = "../develop/kubebuilder.html" >
< b > 7.7.< / b >
kubebuilder
< / a >
< ul class = "articles" >
< li class = "chapter " data-level = "7.7.1" data-path = "../develop/kubebuilder-example.html" >
< a href = "../develop/kubebuilder-example.html" >
< b > 7.7.1.< / b >
使用 kubebuilder 创建 operator 示例
< / a >
< / li >
< / ul >
< / li >
< li class = "chapter " data-level = "7.8" data-path = "../develop/advance-developer.html" >
< a href = "../develop/advance-developer.html" >
< b > 7.8.< / b >
高级开发指南
< / a >
< / li >
< li class = "chapter " data-level = "7.9" data-path = "../develop/contribute.html" >
< a href = "../develop/contribute.html" >
< b > 7.9.< / b >
社区贡献
< / a >
< / li >
< li class = "chapter " data-level = "7.10" data-path = "../develop/minikube.html" >
< a href = "../develop/minikube.html" >
< b > 7.10.< / b >
Minikube
< / a >
< / li >
< li class = "header" > CNCF（ ） < / li >
< li class = "chapter " data-level = "8.1" data-path = "../cloud-native/cncf.html" >
< a href = "../cloud-native/cncf.html" >
< b > 8.1.< / b >
CNCF - 云原生计算基金会简介
< / a >
< / li >
< li class = "chapter " data-level = "8.2" data-path = "../cloud-native/cncf-charter.html" >
< a href = "../cloud-native/cncf-charter.html" >
< b > 8.2.< / b >
CNCF 章程
< / a >
< / li >
< li class = "chapter " data-level = "8.3" data-path = "../cloud-native/cncf-sig.html" >
< a href = "../cloud-native/cncf-sig.html" >
< b > 8.3.< / b >
CNCF 特别兴趣小组（ ）
< / a >
< / li >
< li class = "chapter " data-level = "8.4" data-path = "../cloud-native/cncf-sandbox-criteria.html" >
< a href = "../cloud-native/cncf-sandbox-criteria.html" >
< b > 8.4.< / b >
开源项目加入 CNCF Sandbox 的要求
< / a >
< / li >
< li class = "chapter " data-level = "8.5" data-path = "../cloud-native/cncf-project-governing.html" >
< a href = "../cloud-native/cncf-project-governing.html" >
< b > 8.5.< / b >
CNCF 中的项目治理
< / a >
< / li >
< li class = "chapter " data-level = "8.6" data-path = "../cloud-native/cncf-ambassador.html" >
< a href = "../cloud-native/cncf-ambassador.html" >
< b > 8.6.< / b >
CNCF Ambassador
< / a >
< / li >
< li class = "header" > 附录< / li >
< li class = "chapter " data-level = "9.1" data-path = "../appendix/" >
< a href = "../appendix/" >
< b > 9.1.< / b >
附录说明
< / a >
< / li >
< li class = "chapter " data-level = "9.2" data-path = "../appendix/debug-kubernetes-services.html" >
< a href = "../appendix/debug-kubernetes-services.html" >
< b > 9.2.< / b >
Kubernetes 中的应用故障排查
< / a >
< / li >
< li class = "chapter " data-level = "9.3" data-path = "../appendix/material-share.html" >
< a href = "../appendix/material-share.html" >
< b > 9.3.< / b >
Kubernetes 相关资讯和情报链接
< / a >
< / li >
< li class = "chapter " data-level = "9.4" data-path = "../appendix/docker-best-practice.html" >
< a href = "../appendix/docker-best-practice.html" >
< b > 9.4.< / b >
Docker 最佳实践
< / a >
< / li >
< li class = "chapter " data-level = "9.5" data-path = "../appendix/tricks.html" >
< a href = "../appendix/tricks.html" >
< b > 9.5.< / b >
使用技巧
< / a >
< / li >
< li class = "chapter " data-level = "9.6" data-path = "../appendix/issues.html" >
< a href = "../appendix/issues.html" >
< b > 9.6.< / b >
问题记录
< / a >
< / li >
< li class = "chapter " data-level = "9.7" data-path = "../appendix/kubernetes-changelog.html" >
< a href = "../appendix/kubernetes-changelog.html" >
< b > 9.7.< / b >
Kubernetes 版本更新日志
< / a >
< ul class = "articles" >
< li class = "chapter " data-level = "9.7.1" data-path = "../appendix/kubernetes-1.7-changelog.html" >
< a href = "../appendix/kubernetes-1.7-changelog.html" >
< b > 9.7.1.< / b >
Kubernetes1.7 更新日志
< / a >
< / li >
< li class = "chapter " data-level = "9.7.2" data-path = "../appendix/kubernetes-1.8-changelog.html" >
< a href = "../appendix/kubernetes-1.8-changelog.html" >
< b > 9.7.2.< / b >
Kubernetes1.8 更新日志
< / a >
< / li >
< li class = "chapter " data-level = "9.7.3" data-path = "../appendix/kubernetes-1.9-changelog.html" >
< a href = "../appendix/kubernetes-1.9-changelog.html" >
< b > 9.7.3.< / b >
Kubernetes1.9 更新日志
< / a >
< / li >
< li class = "chapter " data-level = "9.7.4" data-path = "../appendix/kubernetes-1.10-changelog.html" >
< a href = "../appendix/kubernetes-1.10-changelog.html" >
< b > 9.7.4.< / b >
Kubernetes1.10 更新日志
< / a >
< / li >
< li class = "chapter " data-level = "9.7.5" data-path = "../appendix/kubernetes-1.11-changelog.html" >
< a href = "../appendix/kubernetes-1.11-changelog.html" >
< b > 9.7.5.< / b >
Kubernetes1.11 更新日志
< / a >
< / li >
< li class = "chapter " data-level = "9.7.6" data-path = "../appendix/kubernetes-1.12-changelog.html" >
< a href = "../appendix/kubernetes-1.12-changelog.html" >
< b > 9.7.6.< / b >
Kubernetes1.12 更新日志
< / a >
< / li >
< li class = "chapter " data-level = "9.7.7" data-path = "../appendix/kubernetes-1.13-changelog.html" >
< a href = "../appendix/kubernetes-1.13-changelog.html" >
< b > 9.7.7.< / b >
Kubernetes1.13 更新日志
< / a >
< / li >
< li class = "chapter " data-level = "9.7.8" data-path = "../appendix/kubernetes-1.14-changelog.html" >
< a href = "../appendix/kubernetes-1.14-changelog.html" >
< b > 9.7.8.< / b >
Kubernetes1.14 更新日志
< / a >
< / li >
< li class = "chapter " data-level = "9.7.9" data-path = "../appendix/kubernetes-1.15-changelog.html" >
< a href = "../appendix/kubernetes-1.15-changelog.html" >
< b > 9.7.9.< / b >
Kubernetes1.15 更新日志
< / a >
< / li >
< / ul >
< / li >
< li class = "chapter " data-level = "9.8" data-path = "../appendix/summary-and-outlook.html" >
< a href = "../appendix/summary-and-outlook.html" >
< b > 9.8.< / b >
Kubernetes 及云原生年度总结及展望
< / a >
< ul class = "articles" >
< li class = "chapter " data-level = "9.8.1" data-path = "../appendix/kubernetes-and-cloud-native-summary-in-2017-and-outlook-for-2018.html" >
< a href = "../appendix/kubernetes-and-cloud-native-summary-in-2017-and-outlook-for-2018.html" >
< b > 9.8.1.< / b >
Kubernetes 与云原生 2017 年年终总结及 2018 年展望
< / a >
< / li >
< li class = "chapter " data-level = "9.8.2" data-path = "../appendix/kubernetes-and-cloud-native-summary-in-2018-and-outlook-for-2019.html" >
< a href = "../appendix/kubernetes-and-cloud-native-summary-in-2018-and-outlook-for-2019.html" >
< b > 9.8.2.< / b >
Kubernetes 与云原生 2018 年年终总结及 2019 年展望
< / a >
< / li >
< / ul >
< / li >
< li class = "chapter " data-level = "9.9" data-path = "../appendix/cncf-annual-report.html" >
< a href = "../appendix/cncf-annual-report.html" >
< b > 9.9.< / b >
CNCF 年度报告解读
< / a >
< ul class = "articles" >
< li class = "chapter " data-level = "9.9.1" data-path = "../appendix/cncf-annual-report-2018.html" >
< a href = "../appendix/cncf-annual-report-2018.html" >
< b > 9.9.1.< / b >
CNCF 2018 年年度报告解读
< / a >
< / li >
< / ul >
< / li >
< li class = "chapter " data-level = "9.10" data-path = "../appendix/about-kcsp.html" >
< a href = "../appendix/about-kcsp.html" >
< b > 9.10.< / b >
Kubernetes 认证服务提供商（ ）
< / a >
< / li >
< li class = "chapter " data-level = "9.11" data-path = "../appendix/about-cka-candidate.html" >
< a href = "../appendix/about-cka-candidate.html" >
< b > 9.11.< / b >
认证 Kubernetes 管理员（ ）
< / a >
< / li >
< li class = "divider" > < / li >
< li >
< a href = "https://www.gitbook.com" target = "blank" class = "gitbook-link" >
本书使用 GitBook 发布
< / a >
< / li >
< / ul >
< / nav >
< / div >
< div class = "book-body" >
< div class = "body-inner" >
< div class = "book-header" role = "navigation" >
<!-- Title -->
< h1 >
< i class = "fa fa-circle-o-notch fa-spin" > < / i >
< a href = ".." > Kubernetes 中的网络解析 —— 以 flannel 为例< / a >
< / h1 >
< / div >
< div class = "page-wrapper" tabindex = "-1" role = "main" >
< div class = "page-inner" >
< div class = "search-plus" id = "book-search-results" >
< div class = "search-noresults" >
< section class = "normal markdown-section" >
< h1 id = "kubernetes中的网络解析——以flannel为例" > Kubernetes中 的 网 络 解 析 — — 以 flannel为 例 < / h1 >
< p > 我 们 当 初 使 用 < a href = "https://github.com/rootsongjc/kubernetes-vagrant-centos-cluster" target = "_blank" > kubernetes-vagrant-centos-cluster< / a > 安 装 了 拥 有 三 个 节 点 的 kubernetes集 群 ， 节 点 的 状 态 如 下 所 述 。 < / p >
< pre class = "language-" > < code class = "lang-bash" > < span class = "token punctuation" > [< / span > root@node1 ~< span class = "token punctuation" > ]< / span > < span class = "token comment" > # kubectl get nodes -o wide< / span >
NAME STATUS ROLES AGE VERSION EXTERNAL-IP OS-IMAGE KERNEL-VERSION CONTAINER-RUNTIME
node1 Ready < span class = "token operator" > < < / span > none< span class = "token operator" > > < / span > 2d v1.9.1 < span class = "token operator" > < < / span > none< span class = "token operator" > > < / span > CentOS Linux < span class = "token number" > 7< / span > < span class = "token punctuation" > (< / span > Core< span class = "token punctuation" > )< / span > < span class = "token number" > 3.10< / span > .0-693.11.6.el7.x86_64 docker://1.12.6
node2 Ready < span class = "token operator" > < < / span > none< span class = "token operator" > > < / span > 2d v1.9.1 < span class = "token operator" > < < / span > none< span class = "token operator" > > < / span > CentOS Linux < span class = "token number" > 7< / span > < span class = "token punctuation" > (< / span > Core< span class = "token punctuation" > )< / span > < span class = "token number" > 3.10< / span > .0-693.11.6.el7.x86_64 docker://1.12.6
node3 Ready < span class = "token operator" > < < / span > none< span class = "token operator" > > < / span > 2d v1.9.1 < span class = "token operator" > < < / span > none< span class = "token operator" > > < / span > CentOS Linux < span class = "token number" > 7< / span > < span class = "token punctuation" > (< / span > Core< span class = "token punctuation" > )< / span > < span class = "token number" > 3.10< / span > .0-693.11.6.el7.x86_64 docker://1.12.6
< / code > < / pre >
< p > 当 前 Kubernetes集 群 中 运 行 的 所 有 Pod信 息 ： < / p >
< pre class = "language-" > < code class = "lang-bash" > < span class = "token punctuation" > [< / span > root@node1 ~< span class = "token punctuation" > ]< / span > < span class = "token comment" > # kubectl get pods --all-namespaces -o wide< / span >
NAMESPACE NAME READY STATUS RESTARTS AGE IP NODE
kube-system coredns-5984fb8cbb-sjqv9 < span class = "token number" > 1< / span > /1 Running < span class = "token number" > 0< / span > 1h < span class = "token number" > 172.33< / span > .68.2 node1
kube-system coredns-5984fb8cbb-tkfrc < span class = "token number" > 1< / span > /1 Running < span class = "token number" > 1< / span > 1h < span class = "token number" > 172.33< / span > .96.3 node3
kube-system heapster-v1.5.0-684c7f9488-z6sdz < span class = "token number" > 4< / span > /4 Running < span class = "token number" > 0< / span > 1h < span class = "token number" > 172.33< / span > .31.3 node2
kube-system kubernetes-dashboard-6b66b8b96c-mnm2c < span class = "token number" > 1< / span > /1 Running < span class = "token number" > 0< / span > 1h < span class = "token number" > 172.33< / span > .31.2 node2
kube-system monitoring-influxdb-grafana-v4-54b7854697-tw9cd < span class = "token number" > 2< / span > /2 Running < span class = "token number" > 2< / span > 1h < span class = "token number" > 172.33< / span > .96.2 node3
< / code > < / pre >
< p > 当 前 etcd中 的 注 册 的 宿 主 机 的 pod地 址 网 段 信 息 ： < / p >
< pre class = "language-" > < code class = "lang-bash" > < span class = "token punctuation" > [< / span > root@node1 ~< span class = "token punctuation" > ]< / span > < span class = "token comment" > # etcdctl ls /kube-centos/network/subnets< / span >
/kube-centos/network/subnets/172.33.68.0-24
/kube-centos/network/subnets/172.33.31.0-24
/kube-centos/network/subnets/172.33.96.0-24
< / code > < / pre >
< p > 而 每 个 node上 的 Pod子 网 是 根 据 我 们 在 安 装 flannel时 配 置 来 划 分 的 ， 在 etcd中 查 看 该 配 置 ： < / p >
< pre class = "language-" > < code class = "lang-bash" > < span class = "token punctuation" > [< / span > root@node1 ~< span class = "token punctuation" > ]< / span > < span class = "token comment" > # etcdctl get /kube-centos/network/config< / span >
< span class = "token punctuation" > {< / span > < span class = "token string" > " Network" < / span > < span class = "token builtin class-name" > :< / span > < span class = "token string" > " 172.33.0.0/16" < / span > ,< span class = "token string" > " SubnetLen" < / span > :24,< span class = "token string" > " Backend" < / span > :< span class = "token punctuation" > {< / span > < span class = "token string" > " Type" < / span > < span class = "token builtin class-name" > :< / span > < span class = "token string" > " host-gw" < / span > < span class = "token punctuation" > }< / span > < span class = "token punctuation" > }< / span >
< / code > < / pre >
< p > 我 们 知 道 Kubernetes集 群 内 部 存 在 三 类 IP， 分 别 是 ： < / p >
< ul >
< li > Node IP： 宿 主 机 的 IP地 址 < / li >
< li > Pod IP： 使 用 网 络 插 件 创 建 的 IP（ 如 flannel） ， 使 跨 主 机 的 Pod可 以 互 通 < / li >
< li > Cluster IP： 虚 拟 IP， 通 过 iptables规 则 访 问 服 务 < / li >
< / ul >
< p > 在 安 装 node节 点 的 时 候 ， 节 点 上 的 进 程 是 按 照 flannel -> docker -> kubelet -> kube-proxy的 顺 序 启 动 的 ， 我 们 下 面 也 会 按 照 该 顺 序 来 讲 解 ， flannel的 网 络 划 分 和 如 何 与 docker交 互 ， 如 何 通 过 iptables访 问 service。 < / p >
< h3 id = "flannel" > Flannel< / h3 >
< p > Flannel是 作 为 一 个 二 进 制 文 件 的 方 式 部 署 在 每 个 node上 ， 主 要 实 现 两 个 功 能 ： < / p >
< ul >
< li > 为 每 个 node分 配 subnet， 容 器 将 自 动 从 该 子 网 中 获 取 IP地 址 < / li >
< li > 当 有 node加 入 到 网 络 中 时 ， 为 每 个 node增 加 路 由 配 置 < / li >
< / ul >
< p > 下 面 是 使 用 < code > host-gw< / code > backend的 flannel网 络 架 构 图 ： < / p >
2020-06-22 15:24:11 +08:00
< figure id = "fig3.2.1.1" > < a href = "../images/flannel-networking.png" data-lightbox = "3f416b12-af11-4f22-965f-d1e6c2ee96b6" data-title = "flannel网络架构（图片来自openshift）" > < img src = "../images/flannel-networking.png" alt = "flannel网络架构（图片来自openshift）" > < / a > < figcaption > 图 3.2.1.1： flannel网 络 架 构 （ 图 片 来 自 openshift） < / figcaption > < / figure >
2020-06-19 14:52:56 +08:00
< p > < strong > 注 意 < / strong > ： 以 上 IP非 本 示 例 中 的 IP， 但 是 不 影 响 读 者 理 解 。 < / p >
< p > Node1上 的 flannel配 置 如 下 :< / p >
< pre class = "language-" > < code class = "lang-bash" > < span class = "token punctuation" > [< / span > root@node1 ~< span class = "token punctuation" > ]< / span > < span class = "token comment" > # cat /usr/lib/systemd/system/flanneld.service< / span >
< span class = "token punctuation" > [< / span > Unit< span class = "token punctuation" > ]< / span >
< span class = "token assign-left variable" > Description< / span > < span class = "token operator" > =< / span > Flanneld overlay address etcd agent
< span class = "token assign-left variable" > After< / span > < span class = "token operator" > =< / span > network.target
< span class = "token assign-left variable" > After< / span > < span class = "token operator" > =< / span > network-online.target
< span class = "token assign-left variable" > Wants< / span > < span class = "token operator" > =< / span > network-online.target
< span class = "token assign-left variable" > After< / span > < span class = "token operator" > =< / span > etcd.service
< span class = "token assign-left variable" > Before< / span > < span class = "token operator" > =< / span > docker.service
< span class = "token punctuation" > [< / span > Service< span class = "token punctuation" > ]< / span >
< span class = "token assign-left variable" > Type< / span > < span class = "token operator" > =< / span > notify
< span class = "token assign-left variable" > EnvironmentFile< / span > < span class = "token operator" > =< / span > /etc/sysconfig/flanneld
< span class = "token assign-left variable" > EnvironmentFile< / span > < span class = "token operator" > =< / span > -/etc/sysconfig/docker-network
< span class = "token assign-left variable" > ExecStart< / span > < span class = "token operator" > =< / span > /usr/bin/flanneld-start < span class = "token variable" > $FLANNEL_OPTIONS< / span >
< span class = "token assign-left variable" > ExecStartPost< / span > < span class = "token operator" > =< / span > /usr/libexec/flannel/mk-docker-opts.sh -k DOCKER_NETWORK_OPTIONS -d /run/flannel/docker
< span class = "token assign-left variable" > Restart< / span > < span class = "token operator" > =< / span > on-failure
< span class = "token punctuation" > [< / span > Install< span class = "token punctuation" > ]< / span >
< span class = "token assign-left variable" > WantedBy< / span > < span class = "token operator" > =< / span > multi-user.target
< span class = "token assign-left variable" > RequiredBy< / span > < span class = "token operator" > =< / span > docker.service
< / code > < / pre >
< p > 其 中 有 两 个 环 境 变 量 文 件 的 配 置 如 下 ： < / p >
< pre class = "language-" > < code class = "lang-bash" > < span class = "token punctuation" > [< / span > root@node1 ~< span class = "token punctuation" > ]< / span > < span class = "token comment" > # cat /etc/sysconfig/flanneld< / span >
< span class = "token comment" > # Flanneld configuration options< / span >
< span class = "token assign-left variable" > FLANNEL_ETCD_ENDPOINTS< / span > < span class = "token operator" > =< / span > < span class = "token string" > " http://172.17.8.101:2379" < / span >
< span class = "token assign-left variable" > FLANNEL_ETCD_PREFIX< / span > < span class = "token operator" > =< / span > < span class = "token string" > " /kube-centos/network" < / span >
< span class = "token assign-left variable" > FLANNEL_OPTIONS< / span > < span class = "token operator" > =< / span > < span class = "token string" > " -iface=eth2" < / span >
< / code > < / pre >
< p > 上 面 的 配 置 文 件 仅 供 flanneld使 用 。 < / p >
< pre class = "language-" > < code class = "lang-bash" > < span class = "token punctuation" > [< / span > root@node1 ~< span class = "token punctuation" > ]< / span > < span class = "token comment" > # cat /etc/sysconfig/docker-network< / span >
< span class = "token comment" > # /etc/sysconfig/docker-network< / span >
< span class = "token assign-left variable" > DOCKER_NETWORK_OPTIONS< / span > < span class = "token operator" > =< / span >
< / code > < / pre >
< p > 还 有 一 个 < code > ExecStartPost=/usr/libexec/flannel/mk-docker-opts.sh -k DOCKER_NETWORK_OPTIONS -d /run/flannel/docker< / code > ， 其 中 的 < code > /usr/libexec/flannel/mk-docker-opts.sh< / code > 脚 本 是 在 flanneld启 动 后 运 行 ， 将 会 生 成 两 个 环 境 变 量 配 置 文 件 ： < / p >
< ul >
< li > /run/flannel/docker< / li >
< li > /run/flannel/subnet.env< / li >
< / ul >
< p > 我 们 再 来 看 下 < code > /run/flannel/docker< / code > 的 配 置 。 < / p >
< pre class = "language-" > < code class = "lang-bash" > < span class = "token punctuation" > [< / span > root@node1 ~< span class = "token punctuation" > ]< / span > < span class = "token comment" > # cat /run/flannel/docker< / span >
< span class = "token assign-left variable" > DOCKER_OPT_BIP< / span > < span class = "token operator" > =< / span > < span class = "token string" > " --bip=172.33.68.1/24" < / span >
< span class = "token assign-left variable" > DOCKER_OPT_IPMASQ< / span > < span class = "token operator" > =< / span > < span class = "token string" > " --ip-masq=true" < / span >
< span class = "token assign-left variable" > DOCKER_OPT_MTU< / span > < span class = "token operator" > =< / span > < span class = "token string" > " --mtu=1500" < / span >
< span class = "token assign-left variable" > DOCKER_NETWORK_OPTIONS< / span > < span class = "token operator" > =< / span > < span class = "token string" > " --bip=172.33.68.1/24 --ip-masq=true --mtu=1500" < / span >
< / code > < / pre >
< p > 如 果 你 使 用 < code > systemctl< / code > 命 令 先 启 动 flannel后 启 动 docker的 话 ， docker将 会 读 取 以 上 环 境 变 量 。 < / p >
< p > 我 们 再 来 看 下 < code > /run/flannel/subnet.env< / code > 的 配 置 。 < / p >
< pre class = "language-" > < code class = "lang-bash" > < span class = "token punctuation" > [< / span > root@node1 ~< span class = "token punctuation" > ]< / span > < span class = "token comment" > # cat /run/flannel/subnet.env< / span >
< span class = "token assign-left variable" > FLANNEL_NETWORK< / span > < span class = "token operator" > =< / span > < span class = "token number" > 172.33< / span > .0.0/16
< span class = "token assign-left variable" > FLANNEL_SUBNET< / span > < span class = "token operator" > =< / span > < span class = "token number" > 172.33< / span > .68.1/24
< span class = "token assign-left variable" > FLANNEL_MTU< / span > < span class = "token operator" > =< / span > < span class = "token number" > 1500< / span >
< span class = "token assign-left variable" > FLANNEL_IPMASQ< / span > < span class = "token operator" > =< / span > false
< / code > < / pre >
< p > 以 上 环 境 变 量 是 flannel向 etcd中 注 册 的 。 < / p >
< h3 id = "docker" > Docker< / h3 >
< p > Node1的 docker配 置 如 下 ： < / p >
< pre class = "language-" > < code class = "lang-bash" > < span class = "token punctuation" > [< / span > root@node1 ~< span class = "token punctuation" > ]< / span > < span class = "token comment" > # cat /usr/lib/systemd/system/docker.service< / span >
< span class = "token punctuation" > [< / span > Unit< span class = "token punctuation" > ]< / span >
< span class = "token assign-left variable" > Description< / span > < span class = "token operator" > =< / span > Docker Application Container Engine
< span class = "token assign-left variable" > Documentation< / span > < span class = "token operator" > =< / span > http://docs.docker.com
< span class = "token assign-left variable" > After< / span > < span class = "token operator" > =< / span > network.target rhel-push-plugin.socket registries.service
< span class = "token assign-left variable" > Wants< / span > < span class = "token operator" > =< / span > docker-storage-setup.service
< span class = "token assign-left variable" > Requires< / span > < span class = "token operator" > =< / span > docker-cleanup.timer
< span class = "token punctuation" > [< / span > Service< span class = "token punctuation" > ]< / span >
< span class = "token assign-left variable" > Type< / span > < span class = "token operator" > =< / span > notify
< span class = "token assign-left variable" > NotifyAccess< / span > < span class = "token operator" > =< / span > all
< span class = "token assign-left variable" > EnvironmentFile< / span > < span class = "token operator" > =< / span > -/run/containers/registries.conf
< span class = "token assign-left variable" > EnvironmentFile< / span > < span class = "token operator" > =< / span > -/etc/sysconfig/docker
< span class = "token assign-left variable" > EnvironmentFile< / span > < span class = "token operator" > =< / span > -/etc/sysconfig/docker-storage
< span class = "token assign-left variable" > EnvironmentFile< / span > < span class = "token operator" > =< / span > -/etc/sysconfig/docker-network
< span class = "token assign-left variable" > Environment< / span > < span class = "token operator" > =< / span > GOTRACEBACK< span class = "token operator" > =< / span > crash
< span class = "token assign-left variable" > Environment< / span > < span class = "token operator" > =< / span > DOCKER_HTTP_HOST_COMPAT< span class = "token operator" > =< / span > < span class = "token number" > 1< / span >
< span class = "token assign-left variable" > Environment< / span > < span class = "token operator" > =< / span > < span class = "token environment constant" > PATH< / span > < span class = "token operator" > =< / span > /usr/libexec/docker:/usr/bin:/usr/sbin
< span class = "token assign-left variable" > ExecStart< / span > < span class = "token operator" > =< / span > /usr/bin/dockerd-current < span class = "token punctuation" > \< / span >
--add-runtime docker-runc< span class = "token operator" > =< / span > /usr/libexec/docker/docker-runc-current < span class = "token punctuation" > \< / span >
--default-runtime< span class = "token operator" > =< / span > docker-runc < span class = "token punctuation" > \< / span >
--exec-opt native.cgroupdriver< span class = "token operator" > =< / span > systemd < span class = "token punctuation" > \< / span >
--userland-proxy-path< span class = "token operator" > =< / span > /usr/libexec/docker/docker-proxy-current < span class = "token punctuation" > \< / span >
< span class = "token variable" > $OPTIONS< / span > < span class = "token punctuation" > \< / span >
< span class = "token variable" > $DOCKER_STORAGE_OPTIONS< / span > < span class = "token punctuation" > \< / span >
< span class = "token variable" > $DOCKER_NETWORK_OPTIONS< / span > < span class = "token punctuation" > \< / span >
< span class = "token variable" > $ADD_REGISTRY< / span > < span class = "token punctuation" > \< / span >
< span class = "token variable" > $BLOCK_REGISTRY< / span > < span class = "token punctuation" > \< / span >
< span class = "token variable" > $INSECURE_REGISTRY< / span > < span class = "token punctuation" > \< / span >
< span class = "token variable" > $REGISTRIES< / span >
< span class = "token assign-left variable" > ExecReload< / span > < span class = "token operator" > =< / span > /bin/kill -s HUP < span class = "token variable" > $MAINPID< / span >
< span class = "token assign-left variable" > LimitNOFILE< / span > < span class = "token operator" > =< / span > < span class = "token number" > 1048576< / span >
< span class = "token assign-left variable" > LimitNPROC< / span > < span class = "token operator" > =< / span > < span class = "token number" > 1048576< / span >
< span class = "token assign-left variable" > LimitCORE< / span > < span class = "token operator" > =< / span > infinity
< span class = "token assign-left variable" > TimeoutStartSec< / span > < span class = "token operator" > =< / span > < span class = "token number" > 0< / span >
< span class = "token assign-left variable" > Restart< / span > < span class = "token operator" > =< / span > on-abnormal
< span class = "token assign-left variable" > MountFlags< / span > < span class = "token operator" > =< / span > slave
< span class = "token assign-left variable" > KillMode< / span > < span class = "token operator" > =< / span > process
< span class = "token punctuation" > [< / span > Install< span class = "token punctuation" > ]< / span >
< span class = "token assign-left variable" > WantedBy< / span > < span class = "token operator" > =< / span > multi-user.target
< / code > < / pre >
< p > 查 看 Node1上 的 docker启 动 参 数 ： < / p >
< pre class = "language-" > < code class = "lang-bash" > < span class = "token punctuation" > [< / span > root@node1 ~< span class = "token punctuation" > ]< / span > < span class = "token comment" > # systemctl status -l docker< / span >
● docker.service - Docker Application Container Engine
Loaded: loaded < span class = "token punctuation" > (< / span > /usr/lib/systemd/system/docker.service< span class = "token punctuation" > ;< / span > enabled< span class = "token punctuation" > ;< / span > vendor preset: disabled< span class = "token punctuation" > )< / span >
Drop-In: /usr/lib/systemd/system/docker.service.d
└ ─ flannel.conf
Active: active < span class = "token punctuation" > (< / span > running< span class = "token punctuation" > )< / span > since Fri < span class = "token number" > 2018< / span > -02-02 < span class = "token number" > 22< / span > :52:43 CST< span class = "token punctuation" > ;< / span > 2h 28min ago
Docs: http://docs.docker.com
Main PID: < span class = "token number" > 4334< / span > < span class = "token punctuation" > (< / span > dockerd-current< span class = "token punctuation" > )< / span >
CGroup: /system.slice/docker.service
‣ < span class = "token number" > 4334< / span > /usr/bin/dockerd-current --add-runtime docker-runc< span class = "token operator" > =< / span > /usr/libexec/docker/docker-runc-current --default-runtime< span class = "token operator" > =< / span > docker-runc --exec-opt native.cgroupdriver< span class = "token operator" > =< / span > systemd --userland-proxy-path< span class = "token operator" > =< / span > /usr/libexec/docker/docker-proxy-current --selinux-enabled --log-driver< span class = "token operator" > =< / span > journald --signature-verification< span class = "token operator" > =< / span > false --bip< span class = "token operator" > =< / span > < span class = "token number" > 172.33< / span > .68.1/24 --ip-masq< span class = "token operator" > =< / span > true --mtu< span class = "token operator" > =< / span > < span class = "token number" > 1500< / span >
< / code > < / pre >
< p > 我 们 可 以 看 到 在 docker在 启 动 时 有 如 下 参 数 ： < code > --bip=172.33.68.1/24 --ip-masq=true --mtu=1500< / code > 。 上 述 参 数 flannel启 动 时 运 行 的 脚 本 生 成 的 ， 通 过 环 境 变 量 传 递 过 来 的 。 < / p >
< p > 我 们 查 看 下 node1宿 主 机 上 的 网 络 接 口 ： < / p >
< pre class = "language-" > < code class = "lang-bash" > < span class = "token punctuation" > [< / span > root@node1 ~< span class = "token punctuation" > ]< / span > < span class = "token comment" > # ip addr< / span >
< span class = "token number" > 1< / span > : lo: < span class = "token operator" > < < / span > LOOPBACK,UP,LOWER_UP< span class = "token operator" > > < / span > mtu < span class = "token number" > 65536< / span > qdisc noqueue state UNKNOWN qlen < span class = "token number" > 1< / span >
link/loopback 00:00:00:00:00:00 brd 00:00:00:00:00:00
inet < span class = "token number" > 127.0< / span > .0.1/8 scope < span class = "token function" > host< / span > lo
valid_lft forever preferred_lft forever
inet6 ::1/128 scope < span class = "token function" > host< / span >
valid_lft forever preferred_lft forever
< span class = "token number" > 2< / span > : eth0: < span class = "token operator" > < < / span > BROADCAST,MULTICAST,UP,LOWER_UP< span class = "token operator" > > < / span > mtu < span class = "token number" > 1500< / span > qdisc pfifo_fast state UP qlen < span class = "token number" > 1000< / span >
link/ether < span class = "token number" > 52< / span > :54:00:00:57:32 brd ff:ff:ff:ff:ff:ff
inet < span class = "token number" > 10.0< / span > .2.15/24 brd < span class = "token number" > 10.0< / span > .2.255 scope global dynamic eth0
valid_lft 85095sec preferred_lft 85095sec
inet6 fe80::5054:ff:fe00:5732/64 scope < span class = "token function" > link< / span >
valid_lft forever preferred_lft forever
< span class = "token number" > 3< / span > : eth1: < span class = "token operator" > < < / span > BROADCAST,MULTICAST,UP,LOWER_UP< span class = "token operator" > > < / span > mtu < span class = "token number" > 1500< / span > qdisc pfifo_fast state UP qlen < span class = "token number" > 1000< / span >
link/ether 08:00:27:7b:0f:b1 brd ff:ff:ff:ff:ff:ff
inet < span class = "token number" > 172.17< / span > .8.101/24 brd < span class = "token number" > 172.17< / span > .8.255 scope global eth1
valid_lft forever preferred_lft forever
< span class = "token number" > 4< / span > : eth2: < span class = "token operator" > < < / span > BROADCAST,MULTICAST,UP,LOWER_UP< span class = "token operator" > > < / span > mtu < span class = "token number" > 1500< / span > qdisc pfifo_fast state UP qlen < span class = "token number" > 1000< / span >
link/ether 08:00:27:ef:25:06 brd ff:ff:ff:ff:ff:ff
inet < span class = "token number" > 172.30< / span > .113.231/21 brd < span class = "token number" > 172.30< / span > .119.255 scope global dynamic eth2
valid_lft 85096sec preferred_lft 85096sec
inet6 fe80::a00:27ff:feef:2506/64 scope < span class = "token function" > link< / span >
valid_lft forever preferred_lft forever
< span class = "token number" > 5< / span > : docker0: < span class = "token operator" > < < / span > BROADCAST,MULTICAST,UP,LOWER_UP< span class = "token operator" > > < / span > mtu < span class = "token number" > 1500< / span > qdisc noqueue state UP
link/ether 02:42:d0:ae:80:ea brd ff:ff:ff:ff:ff:ff
inet < span class = "token number" > 172.33< / span > .68.1/24 scope global docker0
valid_lft forever preferred_lft forever
inet6 fe80::42:d0ff:feae:80ea/64 scope < span class = "token function" > link< / span >
valid_lft forever preferred_lft forever
< span class = "token number" > 7< / span > : veth295bef2@if6: < span class = "token operator" > < < / span > BROADCAST,MULTICAST,UP,LOWER_UP< span class = "token operator" > > < / span > mtu < span class = "token number" > 1500< / span > qdisc noqueue master docker0 state UP
link/ether 6a:72:d7:9f:29:19 brd ff:ff:ff:ff:ff:ff link-netnsid < span class = "token number" > 0< / span >
inet6 fe80::6872:d7ff:fe9f:2919/64 scope < span class = "token function" > link< / span >
valid_lft forever preferred_lft forever
< / code > < / pre >
< p > 我 们 分 类 来 解 释 下 该 虚 拟 机 中 的 网 络 接 口 。 < / p >
< ul >
< li > lo： 回 环 网 络 ， 127.0.0.1< / li >
< li > eth0： NAT网 络 ， 虚 拟 机 创 建 时 自 动 分 配 ， 仅 可 以 在 几 台 虚 拟 机 之 间 访 问 < / li >
< li > eth1： bridge网 络 ， 使 用 vagrant分 配 给 虚 拟 机 的 地 址 ， 虚 拟 机 之 间 和 本 地 电 脑 都 可 以 访 问 < / li >
< li > eth2： bridge网 络 ， 使 用 DHCP分 配 ， 用 于 访 问 互 联 网 的 网 卡 < / li >
< li > docker0： bridge网 络 ， docker默 认 使 用 的 网 卡 ， 作 为 该 节 点 上 所 有 容 器 的 虚 拟 交 换 机 < / li >
< li > veth295bef2@if6： veth pair， 连 接 docker0和 Pod中 的 容 器 。 veth pair可 以 理 解 为 使 用 网 线 连 接 好 的 两 个 接 口 ， 把 两 个 端 口 放 到 两 个 namespace中 ， 那 么 这 两 个 namespace就 能 打 通 。 参 考 < a href = "http://cizixs.com/2017/02/10/network-virtualization-network-namespace" target = "_blank" > linux 网 络 虚 拟 化 ： network namespace 简 介 < / a > 。 < / li >
< / ul >
< p > 我 们 再 看 下 该 节 点 的 docker上 有 哪 些 网 络 。 < / p >
< pre class = "language-" > < code class = "lang-bash" > < span class = "token punctuation" > [< / span > root@node1 ~< span class = "token punctuation" > ]< / span > < span class = "token comment" > # docker network ls< / span >
NETWORK ID NAME DRIVER SCOPE
940bb75e653b bridge bridge < span class = "token builtin class-name" > local< / span >
d94c046e105d < span class = "token function" > host< / span > < span class = "token function" > host< / span > < span class = "token builtin class-name" > local< / span >
2db7597fd546 none null < span class = "token builtin class-name" > local< / span >
< / code > < / pre >
< p > 再 检 查 下 bridge网 络 < code > 940bb75e653b< / code > 的 信 息 。 < / p >
< pre class = "language-" > < code class = "lang-bash" > < span class = "token punctuation" > [< / span > root@node1 ~< span class = "token punctuation" > ]< / span > < span class = "token comment" > # docker network inspect 940bb75e653b< / span >
< span class = "token punctuation" > [< / span >
< span class = "token punctuation" > {< / span >
< span class = "token string" > " Name" < / span > < span class = "token builtin class-name" > :< / span > < span class = "token string" > " bridge" < / span > ,
< span class = "token string" > " Id" < / span > < span class = "token builtin class-name" > :< / span > < span class = "token string" > " 940bb75e653bfa10dab4cce8813c2b3ce17501e4e4935f7dc13805a61b732d2c" < / span > ,
< span class = "token string" > " Scope" < / span > < span class = "token builtin class-name" > :< / span > < span class = "token string" > " local" < / span > ,
< span class = "token string" > " Driver" < / span > < span class = "token builtin class-name" > :< / span > < span class = "token string" > " bridge" < / span > ,
< span class = "token string" > " EnableIPv6" < / span > < span class = "token builtin class-name" > :< / span > false,
< span class = "token string" > " IPAM" < / span > < span class = "token builtin class-name" > :< / span > < span class = "token punctuation" > {< / span >
< span class = "token string" > " Driver" < / span > < span class = "token builtin class-name" > :< / span > < span class = "token string" > " default" < / span > ,
< span class = "token string" > " Options" < / span > < span class = "token builtin class-name" > :< / span > null,
< span class = "token string" > " Config" < / span > < span class = "token builtin class-name" > :< / span > < span class = "token punctuation" > [< / span >
< span class = "token punctuation" > {< / span >
< span class = "token string" > " Subnet" < / span > < span class = "token builtin class-name" > :< / span > < span class = "token string" > " 172.33.68.1/24" < / span > ,
< span class = "token string" > " Gateway" < / span > < span class = "token builtin class-name" > :< / span > < span class = "token string" > " 172.33.68.1" < / span >
< span class = "token punctuation" > }< / span >
< span class = "token punctuation" > ]< / span >
< span class = "token punctuation" > }< / span > ,
< span class = "token string" > " Internal" < / span > < span class = "token builtin class-name" > :< / span > false,
< span class = "token string" > " Containers" < / span > < span class = "token builtin class-name" > :< / span > < span class = "token punctuation" > {< / span >
< span class = "token string" > " 944d4aa660e30e1be9a18d30c9dcfa3b0504d1e5dbd00f3004b76582f1c9a85b" < / span > < span class = "token builtin class-name" > :< / span > < span class = "token punctuation" > {< / span >
< span class = "token string" > " Name" < / span > < span class = "token builtin class-name" > :< / span > < span class = "token string" > " k8s_POD_coredns-5984fb8cbb-sjqv9_kube-system_c5a2e959-082a-11e8-b4cd-525400005732_0" < / span > ,
< span class = "token string" > " EndpointID" < / span > < span class = "token builtin class-name" > :< / span > < span class = "token string" > " 7397d7282e464fc4ec5756d6b328df889cdf46134dbbe3753517e175d3844a85" < / span > ,
< span class = "token string" > " MacAddress" < / span > < span class = "token builtin class-name" > :< / span > < span class = "token string" > " 02:42:ac:21:44:02" < / span > ,
< span class = "token string" > " IPv4Address" < / span > < span class = "token builtin class-name" > :< / span > < span class = "token string" > " 172.33.68.2/24" < / span > ,
< span class = "token string" > " IPv6Address" < / span > < span class = "token builtin class-name" > :< / span > < span class = "token string" > " " < / span >
< span class = "token punctuation" > }< / span >
< span class = "token punctuation" > }< / span > ,
< span class = "token string" > " Options" < / span > < span class = "token builtin class-name" > :< / span > < span class = "token punctuation" > {< / span >
< span class = "token string" > " com.docker.network.bridge.default_bridge" < / span > < span class = "token builtin class-name" > :< / span > < span class = "token string" > " true" < / span > ,
< span class = "token string" > " com.docker.network.bridge.enable_icc" < / span > < span class = "token builtin class-name" > :< / span > < span class = "token string" > " true" < / span > ,
< span class = "token string" > " com.docker.network.bridge.enable_ip_masquerade" < / span > < span class = "token builtin class-name" > :< / span > < span class = "token string" > " true" < / span > ,
< span class = "token string" > " com.docker.network.bridge.host_binding_ipv4" < / span > < span class = "token builtin class-name" > :< / span > < span class = "token string" > " 0.0.0.0" < / span > ,
< span class = "token string" > " com.docker.network.bridge.name" < / span > < span class = "token builtin class-name" > :< / span > < span class = "token string" > " docker0" < / span > ,
< span class = "token string" > " com.docker.network.driver.mtu" < / span > < span class = "token builtin class-name" > :< / span > < span class = "token string" > " 1500" < / span >
< span class = "token punctuation" > }< / span > ,
< span class = "token string" > " Labels" < / span > < span class = "token builtin class-name" > :< / span > < span class = "token punctuation" > {< / span > < span class = "token punctuation" > }< / span >
< span class = "token punctuation" > }< / span >
< span class = "token punctuation" > ]< / span >
< / code > < / pre >
< p > 我 们 可 以 看 到 该 网 络 中 的 < code > Config< / code > 与 docker的 启 动 配 置 相 符 。 < / p >
< p > Node1上 运 行 的 容 器 ： < / p >
< pre class = "language-" > < code class = "lang-bash" > < span class = "token punctuation" > [< / span > root@node1 ~< span class = "token punctuation" > ]< / span > < span class = "token comment" > # docker ps< / span >
CONTAINER ID IMAGE COMMAND CREATED STATUS PORTS NAMES
a37407a234dd docker.io/coredns/coredns@sha256:adf2e5b4504ef9ffa43f16010bd064273338759e92f6f616dd159115748799bc < span class = "token string" > " /coredns -conf /etc/" < / span > About an hour ago Up About an hour k8s_coredns_coredns-5984fb8cbb-sjqv9_kube-system_c5a2e959-082a-11e8-b4cd-525400005732_0
944d4aa660e3 docker.io/openshift/origin-pod < span class = "token string" > " /usr/bin/pod" < / span > About an hour ago Up About an hour k8s_POD_coredns-5984fb8cbb-sjqv9_kube-system_c5a2e959-082a-11e8-b4cd-525400005732_0
< / code > < / pre >
< p > 我 们 可 以 看 到 当 前 已 经 有 2个 容 器 在 运 行 。 < / p >
< p > Node1上 的 路 由 信 息 ： < / p >
< pre class = "language-" > < code class = "lang-bash" > < span class = "token punctuation" > [< / span > root@node1 ~< span class = "token punctuation" > ]< / span > < span class = "token comment" > # route -n< / span >
Kernel IP routing table
Destination Gateway Genmask Flags Metric Ref Use Iface
< span class = "token number" > 0.0< / span > .0.0 < span class = "token number" > 10.0< / span > .2.2 < span class = "token number" > 0.0< / span > .0.0 UG < span class = "token number" > 100< / span > < span class = "token number" > 0< / span > < span class = "token number" > 0< / span > eth0
< span class = "token number" > 0.0< / span > .0.0 < span class = "token number" > 172.30< / span > .116.1 < span class = "token number" > 0.0< / span > .0.0 UG < span class = "token number" > 101< / span > < span class = "token number" > 0< / span > < span class = "token number" > 0< / span > eth2
< span class = "token number" > 10.0< / span > .2.0 < span class = "token number" > 0.0< / span > .0.0 < span class = "token number" > 255.255< / span > .255.0 U < span class = "token number" > 100< / span > < span class = "token number" > 0< / span > < span class = "token number" > 0< / span > eth0
< span class = "token number" > 172.17< / span > .8.0 < span class = "token number" > 0.0< / span > .0.0 < span class = "token number" > 255.255< / span > .255.0 U < span class = "token number" > 100< / span > < span class = "token number" > 0< / span > < span class = "token number" > 0< / span > eth1
< span class = "token number" > 172.30< / span > .112.0 < span class = "token number" > 0.0< / span > .0.0 < span class = "token number" > 255.255< / span > .248.0 U < span class = "token number" > 100< / span > < span class = "token number" > 0< / span > < span class = "token number" > 0< / span > eth2
< span class = "token number" > 172.33< / span > .68.0 < span class = "token number" > 0.0< / span > .0.0 < span class = "token number" > 255.255< / span > .255.0 U < span class = "token number" > 0< / span > < span class = "token number" > 0< / span > < span class = "token number" > 0< / span > docker0
< span class = "token number" > 172.33< / span > .96.0 < span class = "token number" > 172.30< / span > .118.65 < span class = "token number" > 255.255< / span > .255.0 UG < span class = "token number" > 0< / span > < span class = "token number" > 0< / span > < span class = "token number" > 0< / span > eth2
< / code > < / pre >
< p > 以 上 路 由 信 息 是 由 flannel添 加 的 ， 当 有 新 的 节 点 加 入 到 Kubernetes集 群 中 后 ， 每 个 节 点 上 的 路 由 表 都 将 增 加 。 < / p >
< p > 我 们 在 node上 来 < code > traceroute< / code > 下 node3上 的 < code > coredns-5984fb8cbb-tkfrc< / code > 容 器 ， 其 IP地 址 是 < code > 172.33.96.3< / code > ， 看 看 其 路 由 信 息 。 < / p >
< pre class = "language-" > < code class = "lang-bash" > < span class = "token punctuation" > [< / span > root@node1 ~< span class = "token punctuation" > ]< / span > < span class = "token comment" > # traceroute 172.33.96.3< / span >
< span class = "token function" > traceroute< / span > to < span class = "token number" > 172.33< / span > .96.3 < span class = "token punctuation" > (< / span > < span class = "token number" > 172.33< / span > .96.3< span class = "token punctuation" > )< / span > , < span class = "token number" > 30< / span > hops max, < span class = "token number" > 60< / span > byte packets
< span class = "token number" > 1< / span > < span class = "token number" > 172.30< / span > .118.65 < span class = "token punctuation" > (< / span > < span class = "token number" > 172.30< / span > .118.65< span class = "token punctuation" > )< / span > < span class = "token number" > 0.518< / span > ms < span class = "token number" > 0.367< / span > ms < span class = "token number" > 0.398< / span > ms
< span class = "token number" > 2< / span > < span class = "token number" > 172.33< / span > .96.3 < span class = "token punctuation" > (< / span > < span class = "token number" > 172.33< / span > .96.3< span class = "token punctuation" > )< / span > < span class = "token number" > 0.451< / span > ms < span class = "token number" > 0.352< / span > ms < span class = "token number" > 0.223< / span > ms
< / code > < / pre >
< p > 我 们 看 到 路 由 直 接 经 过 node3的 公 网 IP后 就 到 达 了 node3节 点 上 的 Pod。 < / p >
< p > Node1的 iptables信 息 ： < / p >
< pre class = "language-" > < code class = "lang-bash" > < span class = "token punctuation" > [< / span > root@node1 ~< span class = "token punctuation" > ]< / span > < span class = "token comment" > # iptables -L< / span >
Chain INPUT < span class = "token punctuation" > (< / span > policy ACCEPT< span class = "token punctuation" > )< / span >
target prot opt < span class = "token builtin class-name" > source< / span > destination
KUBE-FIREWALL all -- anywhere anywhere
KUBE-SERVICES all -- anywhere anywhere /* kubernetes < span class = "token function" > service< / span > portals */
Chain FORWARD < span class = "token punctuation" > (< / span > policy ACCEPT< span class = "token punctuation" > )< / span >
target prot opt < span class = "token builtin class-name" > source< / span > destination
KUBE-FORWARD all -- anywhere anywhere /* kubernetes forward rules */
DOCKER-ISOLATION all -- anywhere anywhere
DOCKER all -- anywhere anywhere
ACCEPT all -- anywhere anywhere ctstate RELATED,ESTABLISHED
ACCEPT all -- anywhere anywhere
ACCEPT all -- anywhere anywhere
Chain OUTPUT < span class = "token punctuation" > (< / span > policy ACCEPT< span class = "token punctuation" > )< / span >
target prot opt < span class = "token builtin class-name" > source< / span > destination
KUBE-FIREWALL all -- anywhere anywhere
KUBE-SERVICES all -- anywhere anywhere /* kubernetes < span class = "token function" > service< / span > portals */
Chain DOCKER < span class = "token punctuation" > (< / span > < span class = "token number" > 1< / span > references< span class = "token punctuation" > )< / span >
target prot opt < span class = "token builtin class-name" > source< / span > destination
Chain DOCKER-ISOLATION < span class = "token punctuation" > (< / span > < span class = "token number" > 1< / span > references< span class = "token punctuation" > )< / span >
target prot opt < span class = "token builtin class-name" > source< / span > destination
RETURN all -- anywhere anywhere
Chain KUBE-FIREWALL < span class = "token punctuation" > (< / span > < span class = "token number" > 2< / span > references< span class = "token punctuation" > )< / span >
target prot opt < span class = "token builtin class-name" > source< / span > destination
DROP all -- anywhere anywhere /* kubernetes firewall < span class = "token keyword" > for< / span > dropping marked packets */ mark match 0x8000/0x8000
Chain KUBE-FORWARD < span class = "token punctuation" > (< / span > < span class = "token number" > 1< / span > references< span class = "token punctuation" > )< / span >
target prot opt < span class = "token builtin class-name" > source< / span > destination
ACCEPT all -- anywhere anywhere /* kubernetes forwarding rules */ mark match 0x4000/0x4000
ACCEPT all -- < span class = "token number" > 10.254< / span > .0.0/16 anywhere /* kubernetes forwarding conntrack pod < span class = "token builtin class-name" > source< / span > rule */ ctstate RELATED,ESTABLISHED
ACCEPT all -- anywhere < span class = "token number" > 10.254< / span > .0.0/16 /* kubernetes forwarding conntrack pod destination rule */ ctstate RELATED,ESTABLISHED
Chain KUBE-SERVICES < span class = "token punctuation" > (< / span > < span class = "token number" > 2< / span > references< span class = "token punctuation" > )< / span >
target prot opt < span class = "token builtin class-name" > source< / span > destination
< / code > < / pre >
< p > 从 上 面 的 iptables中 可 以 看 到 注 入 了 很 多 Kuberentes service的 规 则 。 < / p >
< h2 id = "参考" > 参 考 < / h2 >
< ul >
< li > < a href = "https://github.com/coreos/flannel" target = "_blank" > coreos/flannel - github.com< / a > < / li >
< li > < a href = "http://cizixs.com/2017/02/10/network-virtualization-network-namespace" target = "_blank" > linux 网 络 虚 拟 化 ： network namespace 简 介 < / a > < / li >
< li > < a href = "https://segmentfault.com/a/1190000009251098" target = "_blank" > Linux虚 拟 网 络 设 备 之 veth< / a > < / li >
< li > < a href = "http://hustcat.github.io/flannel-host-gw-network/" target = "_blank" > flannel host-gw network< / a > < / li >
< li > < a href = "https://docs.openshift.com/container-platform/3.4/architecture/additional_concepts/flannel.html" target = "_blank" > flannel - openshift.com< / a > < / li >
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