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序言
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1. Kubernetes与云原生应用概览
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2. 概念原理
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2.1 设计理念
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2.2 Objects
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2.2.1 Pod
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2.2.1.1 Pod解析
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2.2.1.2 Init容器
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2.2.1.3 Pod安全策略
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2.2.1.4 Pod的生命周期
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2.2.2 Node
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2.2.3 Namespace
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2.2.4 Service
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2.2.5 Volume和Persistent Volume
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2.2.6 Deployment
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2.2.7 Secret
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2.2.8 StatefulSet
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2.2.9 DaemonSet
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2.2.10 ServiceAccount
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2.2.11 ReplicationController和ReplicaSet
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2.2.12 Job
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2.2.13 CronJob
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2.2.14 Ingress
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2.2.15 ConfigMap
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2.2.16 Horizontal Pod Autoscaling
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2.2.17 Label
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2.2.18 垃圾收集
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2.2.19 NetworkPolicy
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3. 用户指南
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3.1 资源对象配置
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3.1.1 配置Pod的liveness和readiness探针
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3.1.2 配置Pod的Service Account
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3.1.3 Secret配置
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3.2.3 管理namespace中的资源配额
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3.2 命令使用
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3.2.1 使用kubectl
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3.2.2 docker用户过度到kubectl命令行指南
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3.3 集群安全性管理
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3.3.1 管理集群中的TLS
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3.3.2 kubelet的认证授权
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3.3.3 TLS bootstrap
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3.3.4 kubectl的用户认证授权
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3.3.5 RBAC——基于角色的访问控制
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3.3.6 IP伪装代理
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3.4 访问 Kubernetes 集群
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3.4.1 访问集群
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3.4.2 使用 kubeconfig 文件配置跨集群认证
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3.4.3 通过端口转发访问集群中的应用程序
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3.4.4 使用 service 访问群集中的应用程序
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3.5 在kubernetes中开发部署应用
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3.5.1 适用于kubernetes的应用开发部署流程
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3.5.2 迁移传统应用到kubernetes中——以Hadoop YARN为例
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3.5.3 使用StatefulSet部署用状态应用
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4. 最佳实践
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4.1 在CentOS上部署kubernetes1.6集群
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4.1.1 创建TLS证书和秘钥
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4.1.2 创建kubeconfig文件
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4.1.3 创建高可用etcd集群
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4.1.4 安装kubectl命令行工具
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4.1.5 部署master节点
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4.1.6 部署node节点
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4.1.7 安装kubedns插件
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4.1.8 安装dashboard插件
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4.1.9 安装heapster插件
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4.1.10 安装EFK插件
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4.2 服务发现与负载均衡
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4.2.1 安装Traefik ingress
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4.2.2 分布式负载测试
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4.2.3 网络和集群性能测试
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4.2.4 边缘节点配置
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4.2.5 使用Helm安装Nginx ingress
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4.3 运维管理
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4.3.1 服务滚动升级
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4.3.2 应用日志收集
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4.3.3 配置最佳实践
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4.3.4 集群及应用监控
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4.3.6 数据持久化问题
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4.3.7 管理容器的计算资源
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4.3.8 使用Prometheus监控kubernetes集群
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4.3.9 使用Heapster获取集群和对象的metric数据
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4.3.10 手动集群升级
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4.4 存储管理
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4.4.1 GlusterFS
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4.4.1.1 使用GlusterFS做持久化存储
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4.4.1.2 在OpenShift中使用GlusterFS做持久化存储
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4.4.2 CephFS
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4.4.2.1 使用Ceph做持久化存储
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4.5 服务编排管理
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4.5.1 使用Helm管理kubernetes应用
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4.5.2 构建私有Chart仓库
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4.6 持续集成与发布
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4.6.1 使用Jenkins进行持续集成与发布
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4.6.2 使用Drone进行持续集成与发布
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5. 领域应用
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5.1 微服务架构
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5.1.1 微服务中的服务发现
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5.2 Service Mesh 服务网格
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5.1.1 Istio
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5.1.1.1 安装istio
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5.1.1.2 配置请求的路由规则
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5.1.2 Linkerd
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5.1.2.1 Linkerd 使用指南
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5.2 大数据
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< a href = "../usecases/spark-standalone-on-kubernetes.html" >
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5.2.1 Spark standalone on Kubernetes
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< a href = "../usecases/running-spark-with-kubernetes-native-scheduler.html" >
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5.2.2 运行支持kubernetes原生调度的Spark程序
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5.3 Serverless架构
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5.4 边缘计算
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6. 开发指南
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6.1 开发环境搭建
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6.2 单元测试和集成测试
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6.3 client-go示例
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6.4 社区贡献
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6.5 Minikube
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7. 附录
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7.1 Docker最佳实践
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7.2 问题记录
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7.3 使用技巧
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7.4 kubernetes中的应用故障排查
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7.5 Kubernetes相关资讯和情报链接
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本书使用 GitBook 发布
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< section class = "normal markdown-section" >
< h2 id = "前言" > 前 言 < / h2 >
< p > 其 实 ConfigMap功 能 在 Kubernetes1.2版 本 的 时 候 就 有 了 ， 许 多 应 用 程 序 会 从 配 置 文 件 、 命 令 行 参 数 或 环 境 变 量 中 读 取 配 置 信 息 。 这 些 配 置 信 息 需 要 与 docker image解 耦 ， 你 总 不 能 每 修 改 一 个 配 置 就 重 做 一 个 image吧 ？ ConfigMap API给 我 们 提 供 了 向 容 器 中 注 入 配 置 信 息 的 机 制 ， ConfigMap可 以 被 用 来 保 存 单 个 属 性 ， 也 可 以 用 来 保 存 整 个 配 置 文 件 或 者 JSON二 进 制 大 对 象 。 < / p >
< h2 id = "configmap概览" > ConfigMap概 览 < / h2 >
< p > < strong > ConfigMap API< / strong > 资 源 用 来 保 存 < strong > key-value pair< / strong > 配 置 数 据 ， 这 个 数 据 可 以 在 < strong > pods< / strong > 里 使 用 ， 或 者 被 用 来 为 像 < strong > controller< / strong > 一 样 的 系 统 组 件 存 储 配 置 数 据 。 虽 然 ConfigMap跟 < a href = "https://kubernetes.io/docs/user-guide/secrets/" target = "_blank" > Secrets< / a > 类 似 ， 但 是 ConfigMap更 方 便 的 处 理 不 含 敏 感 信 息 的 字 符 串 。 注 意 ： ConfigMaps不 是 属 性 配 置 文 件 的 替 代 品 。 ConfigMaps只 是 作 为 多 个 properties文 件 的 引 用 。 你 可 以 把 它 理 解 为 Linux系 统 中 的 < code > /etc< / code > 目 录 ， 专 门 用 来 存 储 配 置 文 件 的 目 录 。 下 面 举 个 例 子 ， 使 用 ConfigMap配 置 来 创 建 Kuberntes Volumes， ConfigMap中 的 每 个 data项 都 会 成 为 一 个 新 文 件 。 < / p >
< pre > < code class = "lang-yaml" > < span class = "hljs-attr" > kind:< / span > ConfigMap
< span class = "hljs-attr" > apiVersion:< / span > v1
< span class = "hljs-attr" > metadata:< / span >
< span class = "hljs-attr" > creationTimestamp:< / span > < span class = "hljs-number" > 2016< / span > < span class = "hljs-bullet" > -02< / span > < span class = "hljs-bullet" > -18< / span > T19:< span class = "hljs-number" > 14< / span > :< span class = "hljs-number" > 38< / span > Z
< span class = "hljs-attr" > name:< / span > example-config
< span class = "hljs-attr" > namespace:< / span > default
< span class = "hljs-attr" > data:< / span >
example.property< span class = "hljs-number" > .1< / span > : hello
example.property< span class = "hljs-number" > .2< / span > : world
example.property.file: |-
property< span class = "hljs-number" > .1< / span > =value< span class = "hljs-bullet" > -1< / span >
property< span class = "hljs-number" > .2< / span > =value< span class = "hljs-bullet" > -2< / span >
property< span class = "hljs-number" > .3< / span > =value< span class = "hljs-bullet" > -3< / span >
< / code > < / pre >
< p > < code > data< / code > 一 栏 包 括 了 配 置 数 据 ， ConfigMap可 以 被 用 来 保 存 单 个 属 性 ， 也 可 以 用 来 保 存 一 个 配 置 文 件 。 配 置 数 据 可 以 通 过 很 多 种 方 式 在 Pods里 被 使 用 。 ConfigMaps可 以 被 用 来 ： < / p >
< ol >
< li > 设 置 环 境 变 量 的 值 < / li >
< li > 在 容 器 里 设 置 命 令 行 参 数 < / li >
< li > 在 数 据 卷 里 面 创 建 config文 件 < / li >
< / ol >
< p > 用 户 和 系 统 组 件 两 者 都 可 以 在 ConfigMap里 面 存 储 配 置 数 据 。 < / p >
< p > 其 实 不 用 看 下 面 的 文 章 ， 直 接 从 < code > kubectl create configmap -h< / code > 的 帮 助 信 息 中 就 可 以 对 ConfigMap究 竟 如 何 创 建 略 知 一 二 了 。 < / p >
< pre > < code > Examples:
# Create a new configmap named my-config based on folder bar
kubectl create configmap my-config --from-file=path/to/bar
# Create a new configmap named my-config with specified keys instead of file basenames on disk
kubectl create configmap my-config --from-file=key1=/path/to/bar/file1.txt --from-file=key2=/path/to/bar/file2.txt
# Create a new configmap named my-config with key1=config1 and key2=config2
kubectl create configmap my-config --from-literal=key1=config1 --from-literal=key2=config2
< / code > < / pre > < h2 id = "创建configmaps" > 创 建 ConfigMaps< / h2 >
< p > 可 以 使 用 该 命 令 ， 用 给 定 值 、 文 件 或 目 录 来 创 建 ConfigMap。 < / p >
< pre > < code > kubectl create configmap
< / code > < / pre > < h3 id = "使用目录创建" > 使 用 目 录 创 建 < / h3 >
< p > 比 如 我 们 已 经 有 个 了 包 含 一 些 配 置 文 件 ， 其 中 包 含 了 我 们 想 要 设 置 的 ConfigMap的 值 ： < / p >
< pre > < code class = "lang-bash" > $ ls docs/user-guide/configmap/kubectl/
game.properties
ui.properties
$ cat docs/user-guide/configmap/kubectl/game.properties
enemies=aliens
lives=3
enemies.cheat=< span class = "hljs-literal" > true< / span >
enemies.cheat.level=noGoodRotten
secret.code.passphrase=UUDDLRLRBABAS
secret.code.allowed=< span class = "hljs-literal" > true< / span >
secret.code.lives=30
$ cat docs/user-guide/configmap/kubectl/ui.properties
color.good=purple
color.bad=yellow
allow.textmode=< span class = "hljs-literal" > true< / span >
how.nice.to.look=fairlyNice
< / code > < / pre >
< p > 使 用 下 面 的 命 令 可 以 创 建 一 个 包 含 目 录 中 所 有 文 件 的 ConfigMap。 < / p >
< pre > < code class = "lang-bash" > $ kubectl create configmap game-config --from-file=docs/user-guide/configmap/kubectl
< / code > < / pre >
< p > < code > — from-file< / code > 指 定 在 目 录 下 的 所 有 文 件 都 会 被 用 在 ConfigMap里 面 创 建 一 个 键 值 对 ， 键 的 名 字 就 是 文 件 名 ， 值 就 是 文 件 的 内 容 。 < / p >
< p > 让 我 们 来 看 一 下 这 个 命 令 创 建 的 ConfigMap： < / p >
< pre > < code class = "lang-Yaml" > $ kubectl describe configmaps game-config
< span class = "hljs-attr" > Name:< / span > game-config
< span class = "hljs-attr" > Namespace:< / span > default
< span class = "hljs-attr" > Labels:< / span > < none< span class = "hljs-string" > >
< / span > < span class = "hljs-attr" > Annotations:< / span > < none< span class = "hljs-string" > >
Data
====
game.properties: 158 bytes
ui.properties: 83 bytes
< / span > < / code > < / pre >
< p > 我 们 可 以 看 到 那 两 个 key是 从 kubectl指 定 的 目 录 中 的 文 件 名 。 这 些 key的 内 容 可 能 会 很 大 ， 所 以 在 kubectl describe的 输 出 中 ， 只 能 够 看 到 键 的 名 字 和 他 们 的 大 小 。 如 果 想 要 看 到 键 的 值 的 话 ， 可 以 使 用 < code > kubectl get< / code > ： < / p >
< pre > < code class = "lang-bash" > $ kubectl get configmaps game-config -o yaml
< / code > < / pre >
< p > 我 们 以 < code > yaml< / code > 格 式 输 出 配 置 。 < / p >
< pre > < code class = "lang-yaml" > < span class = "hljs-attr" > apiVersion:< / span > v1
< span class = "hljs-attr" > data:< / span >
game.properties: < span class = "hljs-string" > |
enemies=aliens
lives=3
enemies.cheat=true
enemies.cheat.level=noGoodRotten
secret.code.passphrase=UUDDLRLRBABAS
secret.code.allowed=true
secret.code.lives=30
ui.properties: |
color.good=purple
color.bad=yellow
allow.textmode=true
how.nice.to.look=fairlyNice
< / span > < span class = "hljs-attr" > kind:< / span > ConfigMap
< span class = "hljs-attr" > metadata:< / span >
< span class = "hljs-attr" > creationTimestamp:< / span > < span class = "hljs-number" > 2016< / span > < span class = "hljs-bullet" > -02< / span > < span class = "hljs-bullet" > -18< / span > T18:< span class = "hljs-number" > 34< / span > :< span class = "hljs-number" > 05< / span > Z
< span class = "hljs-attr" > name:< / span > game-config
< span class = "hljs-attr" > namespace:< / span > default
< span class = "hljs-attr" > resourceVersion:< / span > < span class = "hljs-string" > " 407" < / span >
< span class = "hljs-attr" > selfLink:< / span > /api/v1/namespaces/default/configmaps/game-config
< span class = "hljs-attr" > uid:< / span > < span class = "hljs-number" > 30944725< / span > -d66e< span class = "hljs-bullet" > -11e5< / span > < span class = "hljs-bullet" > -8< / span > cd0< span class = "hljs-bullet" > -68< / span > f728db1985
< / code > < / pre >
< h3 id = "使用文件创建" > 使 用 文 件 创 建 < / h3 >
< p > 刚 才 < strong > 使 用 目 录 创 建 < / strong > 的 时 候 我 们 < code > — from-file< / code > 指 定 的 是 一 个 目 录 ， 只 要 指 定 为 一 个 文 件 就 可 以 从 单 个 文 件 中 创 建 ConfigMap。 < / p >
< pre > < code class = "lang-bash" > $ kubectl create configmap game-config-2 --from-file=docs/user-guide/configmap/kubectl/game.properties
$ kubectl get configmaps game-config-2 -o yaml
< / code > < / pre >
< pre > < code class = "lang-Yaml" > < span class = "hljs-attr" > apiVersion:< / span > v1
< span class = "hljs-attr" > data:< / span >
< span class = "hljs-attr" > game-special-key:< / span > < span class = "hljs-string" > |
enemies=aliens
lives=3
enemies.cheat=true
enemies.cheat.level=noGoodRotten
secret.code.passphrase=UUDDLRLRBABAS
secret.code.allowed=true
secret.code.lives=30
< / span > < span class = "hljs-attr" > kind:< / span > ConfigMap
< span class = "hljs-attr" > metadata:< / span >
< span class = "hljs-attr" > creationTimestamp:< / span > < span class = "hljs-number" > 2016< / span > < span class = "hljs-bullet" > -02< / span > < span class = "hljs-bullet" > -18< / span > T18:< span class = "hljs-number" > 54< / span > :< span class = "hljs-number" > 22< / span > Z
< span class = "hljs-attr" > name:< / span > game-config< span class = "hljs-bullet" > -3< / span >
< span class = "hljs-attr" > namespace:< / span > default
< span class = "hljs-attr" > resourceVersion:< / span > < span class = "hljs-string" > " 530" < / span >
< span class = "hljs-attr" > selfLink:< / span > /api/v1/namespaces/default/configmaps/game-config< span class = "hljs-bullet" > -3< / span >
< span class = "hljs-attr" > uid:< / span > < span class = "hljs-number" > 05< / span > f8da22-d671< span class = "hljs-bullet" > -11e5< / span > < span class = "hljs-bullet" > -8< / span > cd0< span class = "hljs-bullet" > -68< / span > f728db1985
< / code > < / pre >
< p > < code > — from-file< / code > 这 个 参 数 可 以 使 用 多 次 ， 你 可 以 使 用 两 次 分 别 指 定 上 个 实 例 中 的 那 两 个 配 置 文 件 ， 效 果 就 跟 指 定 整 个 目 录 是 一 样 的 。 < / p >
< h3 id = "使用字面值创建" > 使 用 字 面 值 创 建 < / h3 >
< p > 使 用 文 字 值 创 建 ， 利 用 < code > — from-literal< / code > 参 数 传 递 配 置 信 息 ， 该 参 数 可 以 使 用 多 次 ， 格 式 如 下 ； < / p >
< pre > < code class = "lang-bash" > $ kubectl create configmap special-config --from-literal=special.how=very --from-literal=special.type=charm
$ kubectl get configmaps special-config -o yaml
< / code > < / pre >
< pre > < code class = "lang-yaml" > < span class = "hljs-attr" > apiVersion:< / span > v1
< span class = "hljs-attr" > data:< / span >
special.how: very
special.type: charm
< span class = "hljs-attr" > kind:< / span > ConfigMap
< span class = "hljs-attr" > metadata:< / span >
< span class = "hljs-attr" > creationTimestamp:< / span > < span class = "hljs-number" > 2016< / span > < span class = "hljs-bullet" > -02< / span > < span class = "hljs-bullet" > -18< / span > T19:< span class = "hljs-number" > 14< / span > :< span class = "hljs-number" > 38< / span > Z
< span class = "hljs-attr" > name:< / span > special-config
< span class = "hljs-attr" > namespace:< / span > default
< span class = "hljs-attr" > resourceVersion:< / span > < span class = "hljs-string" > " 651" < / span >
< span class = "hljs-attr" > selfLink:< / span > /api/v1/namespaces/default/configmaps/special-config
< span class = "hljs-attr" > uid:< / span > dadce046-d673< span class = "hljs-bullet" > -11e5< / span > < span class = "hljs-bullet" > -8< / span > cd0< span class = "hljs-bullet" > -68< / span > f728db1985
< / code > < / pre >
< h2 id = "pod中使用configmap" > Pod中 使 用 ConfigMap< / h2 >
< p > < strong > 使 用 ConfigMap来 替 代 环 境 变 量 < / strong > < / p >
< p > ConfigMap可 以 被 用 来 填 入 环 境 变 量 。 看 下 下 面 的 ConfigMap。 < / p >
< pre > < code class = "lang-Yaml" > < span class = "hljs-attr" > apiVersion:< / span > v1
< span class = "hljs-attr" > kind:< / span > ConfigMap
< span class = "hljs-attr" > metadata:< / span >
< span class = "hljs-attr" > name:< / span > special-config
< span class = "hljs-attr" > namespace:< / span > default
< span class = "hljs-attr" > data:< / span >
special.how: very
special.type: charm
< / code > < / pre >
< pre > < code class = "lang-yaml" > < span class = "hljs-attr" > apiVersion:< / span > v1
< span class = "hljs-attr" > kind:< / span > ConfigMap
< span class = "hljs-attr" > metadata:< / span >
< span class = "hljs-attr" > name:< / span > env-config
< span class = "hljs-attr" > namespace:< / span > default
< span class = "hljs-attr" > data:< / span >
< span class = "hljs-attr" > log_level:< / span > INFO
< / code > < / pre >
< p > 我 们 可 以 在 Pod中 这 样 使 用 ConfigMap： < / p >
< pre > < code class = "lang-Yaml" > < span class = "hljs-attr" > apiVersion:< / span > v1
< span class = "hljs-attr" > kind:< / span > Pod
< span class = "hljs-attr" > metadata:< / span >
< span class = "hljs-attr" > name:< / span > dapi-test-pod
< span class = "hljs-attr" > spec:< / span >
< span class = "hljs-attr" > containers:< / span >
< span class = "hljs-attr" > - name:< / span > test-container
< span class = "hljs-attr" > image:< / span > gcr.io/google_containers/busybox
< span class = "hljs-attr" > command:< / span > [ < span class = "hljs-string" > " /bin/sh" < / span > , < span class = "hljs-string" > " -c" < / span > , < span class = "hljs-string" > " env" < / span > ]
< span class = "hljs-attr" > env:< / span >
< span class = "hljs-attr" > - name:< / span > SPECIAL_LEVEL_KEY
< span class = "hljs-attr" > valueFrom:< / span >
< span class = "hljs-attr" > configMapKeyRef:< / span >
< span class = "hljs-attr" > name:< / span > special-config
< span class = "hljs-attr" > key:< / span > special.how
< span class = "hljs-attr" > - name:< / span > SPECIAL_TYPE_KEY
< span class = "hljs-attr" > valueFrom:< / span >
< span class = "hljs-attr" > configMapKeyRef:< / span >
< span class = "hljs-attr" > name:< / span > special-config
< span class = "hljs-attr" > key:< / span > special.type
< span class = "hljs-attr" > envFrom:< / span >
< span class = "hljs-attr" > - configMapRef:< / span >
< span class = "hljs-attr" > name:< / span > env-config
< span class = "hljs-attr" > restartPolicy:< / span > Never
< / code > < / pre >
< p > 这 个 Pod运 行 后 会 输 出 如 下 几 行 ： < / p >
< pre > < code > SPECIAL_LEVEL_KEY=very
SPECIAL_TYPE_KEY=charm
log_level=INFO
< / code > < / pre > < p > < strong > 用 ConfigMap设 置 命 令 行 参 数 < / strong > < / p >
< p > ConfigMap也 可 以 被 使 用 来 设 置 容 器 中 的 命 令 或 者 参 数 值 。 它 使 用 的 是 Kubernetes的 $(VAR_NAME)替 换 语 法 。 我 们 看 下 下 面 这 个 ConfigMap。 < / p >
< pre > < code class = "lang-Yaml" > < span class = "hljs-attr" > apiVersion:< / span > v1
< span class = "hljs-attr" > kind:< / span > ConfigMap
< span class = "hljs-attr" > metadata:< / span >
< span class = "hljs-attr" > name:< / span > special-config
< span class = "hljs-attr" > namespace:< / span > default
< span class = "hljs-attr" > data:< / span >
special.how: very
special.type: charm
< / code > < / pre >
2017-08-29 10:29:47 +08:00
< p > 为 了 将 ConfigMap中 的 值 注 入 到 命 令 行 的 参 数 里 面 ， 我 们 还 要 像 前 面 那 个 例 子 一 样 使 用 环 境 变 量 替 换 语 法 < code > ${VAR_NAME)< / code > 。 （ 其 实 这 个 东 西 就 是 给 Docker容 器 设 置 环 境 变 量 ， 以 前 我 创 建 镜 像 的 时 候 经 常 这 么 玩 ， 通 过 docker run的 时 候 指 定 -e参 数 修 改 镜 像 里 的 环 境 变 量 ， 然 后 docker的 CMD命 令 再 利 用 该 $(VAR_NAME)通 过 sed来 修 改 配 置 文 件 或 者 作 为 命 令 行 启 动 参 数 。 ） < / p >
2017-08-21 17:44:43 +08:00
< pre > < code class = "lang-Yaml" > < span class = "hljs-attr" > apiVersion:< / span > v1
< span class = "hljs-attr" > kind:< / span > Pod
< span class = "hljs-attr" > metadata:< / span >
< span class = "hljs-attr" > name:< / span > dapi-test-pod
< span class = "hljs-attr" > spec:< / span >
< span class = "hljs-attr" > containers:< / span >
< span class = "hljs-attr" > - name:< / span > test-container
< span class = "hljs-attr" > image:< / span > gcr.io/google_containers/busybox
< span class = "hljs-attr" > command:< / span > [ < span class = "hljs-string" > " /bin/sh" < / span > , < span class = "hljs-string" > " -c" < / span > , < span class = "hljs-string" > " echo $(SPECIAL_LEVEL_KEY) $(SPECIAL_TYPE_KEY)" < / span > ]
< span class = "hljs-attr" > env:< / span >
< span class = "hljs-attr" > - name:< / span > SPECIAL_LEVEL_KEY
< span class = "hljs-attr" > valueFrom:< / span >
< span class = "hljs-attr" > configMapKeyRef:< / span >
< span class = "hljs-attr" > name:< / span > special-config
< span class = "hljs-attr" > key:< / span > special.how
< span class = "hljs-attr" > - name:< / span > SPECIAL_TYPE_KEY
< span class = "hljs-attr" > valueFrom:< / span >
< span class = "hljs-attr" > configMapKeyRef:< / span >
< span class = "hljs-attr" > name:< / span > special-config
< span class = "hljs-attr" > key:< / span > special.type
< span class = "hljs-attr" > restartPolicy:< / span > Never
< / code > < / pre >
< p > 运 行 这 个 Pod后 会 输 出 ： < / p >
< pre > < code > very charm
< / code > < / pre > < p > < strong > 通 过 数 据 卷 插 件 使 用 ConfigMap< / strong > < / p >
< p > ConfigMap也 可 以 在 数 据 卷 里 面 被 使 用 。 还 是 这 个 ConfigMap。 < / p >
< pre > < code class = "lang-Yaml" > < span class = "hljs-attr" > apiVersion:< / span > v1
< span class = "hljs-attr" > kind:< / span > ConfigMap
< span class = "hljs-attr" > metadata:< / span >
< span class = "hljs-attr" > name:< / span > special-config
< span class = "hljs-attr" > namespace:< / span > default
< span class = "hljs-attr" > data:< / span >
special.how: very
special.type: charm
< / code > < / pre >
< p > 在 数 据 卷 里 面 使 用 这 个 ConfigMap， 有 不 同 的 选 项 。 最 基 本 的 就 是 将 文 件 填 入 数 据 卷 ， 在 这 个 文 件 中 ， 键 就 是 文 件 名 ， 键 值 就 是 文 件 内 容 ： < / p >
< pre > < code class = "lang-Yaml" > < span class = "hljs-attr" > apiVersion:< / span > v1
< span class = "hljs-attr" > kind:< / span > Pod
< span class = "hljs-attr" > metadata:< / span >
< span class = "hljs-attr" > name:< / span > dapi-test-pod
< span class = "hljs-attr" > spec:< / span >
< span class = "hljs-attr" > containers:< / span >
< span class = "hljs-attr" > - name:< / span > test-container
< span class = "hljs-attr" > image:< / span > gcr.io/google_containers/busybox
< span class = "hljs-attr" > command:< / span > [ < span class = "hljs-string" > " /bin/sh" < / span > , < span class = "hljs-string" > " -c" < / span > , < span class = "hljs-string" > " cat /etc/config/special.how" < / span > ]
< span class = "hljs-attr" > volumeMounts:< / span >
< span class = "hljs-attr" > - name:< / span > config-volume
< span class = "hljs-attr" > mountPath:< / span > /etc/config
< span class = "hljs-attr" > volumes:< / span >
< span class = "hljs-attr" > - name:< / span > config-volume
< span class = "hljs-attr" > configMap:< / span >
< span class = "hljs-attr" > name:< / span > special-config
< span class = "hljs-attr" > restartPolicy:< / span > Never
< / code > < / pre >
< p > 运 行 这 个 Pod的 输 出 是 < code > very< / code > 。 < / p >
< p > 我 们 也 可 以 在 ConfigMap值 被 映 射 的 数 据 卷 里 控 制 路 径 。 < / p >
< pre > < code class = "lang-Yaml" > < span class = "hljs-attr" > apiVersion:< / span > v1
< span class = "hljs-attr" > kind:< / span > Pod
< span class = "hljs-attr" > metadata:< / span >
< span class = "hljs-attr" > name:< / span > dapi-test-pod
< span class = "hljs-attr" > spec:< / span >
< span class = "hljs-attr" > containers:< / span >
< span class = "hljs-attr" > - name:< / span > test-container
< span class = "hljs-attr" > image:< / span > gcr.io/google_containers/busybox
< span class = "hljs-attr" > command:< / span > [ < span class = "hljs-string" > " /bin/sh" < / span > ,< span class = "hljs-string" > " -c" < / span > ,< span class = "hljs-string" > " cat /etc/config/path/to/special-key" < / span > ]
< span class = "hljs-attr" > volumeMounts:< / span >
< span class = "hljs-attr" > - name:< / span > config-volume
< span class = "hljs-attr" > mountPath:< / span > /etc/config
< span class = "hljs-attr" > volumes:< / span >
< span class = "hljs-attr" > - name:< / span > config-volume
< span class = "hljs-attr" > configMap:< / span >
< span class = "hljs-attr" > name:< / span > special-config
< span class = "hljs-attr" > items:< / span >
< span class = "hljs-attr" > - key:< / span > special.how
< span class = "hljs-attr" > path:< / span > path/to/special-key
< span class = "hljs-attr" > restartPolicy:< / span > Never
< / code > < / pre >
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< p > 运 行 这 个 Pod后 的 结 果 是 < code > very< / code > 。 < / p >
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