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1. 前言
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2. 概念原理
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2.1 设计理念
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2.2 Objects
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2.2.1 Pod
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2.2.1.1 Pod解析
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2.2.1.2 Init容器
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2.2.1.3 Pod安全策略
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2.2.1.4 Pod的生命周期
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2.2.2 Node
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2.2.3 Namespace
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2.2.4 Service
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2.2.5 Volume和Persistent Volume
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2.2.6 Deployment
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2.2.7 Secret
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2.2.8 StatefulSet
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2.2.9 DaemonSet
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2.2.10 ServiceAccount
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2.2.11 ReplicationController和ReplicaSet
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2.2.12 Job
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2.2.13 CronJob
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2.2.14 Ingress
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2.2.15 ConfigMap
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2.2.16 Horizontal Pod Autoscaling
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2.2.17 Label
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2.2.18 垃圾收集
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2.2.19 NetworkPolicy
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3. 用户指南
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3.1 资源配置
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3.1.1 配置Pod的liveness和readiness探针
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3.1.2 配置Pod的Service Account
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3.2 命令使用
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3.2.1 使用kubectl
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3.2.2 docker用户过度到kubectl命令行指南
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3.3 集群安全性管理
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3.3.1 管理集群中的TLS
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3.3.2 kubelet的认证授权
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3.3.3 TLS bootstrap
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3.3.4 kubectl的用户认证授权
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3.3.5 RBAC——基于角色的访问控制
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3.3.6 IP伪装代理
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3.4 访问 Kubernetes 集群
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3.4.1 访问集群
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3.4.2 使用 kubeconfig 文件配置跨集群认证
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3.4.3 通过端口转发访问集群中的应用程序
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3.4.4 使用 service 访问群集中的应用程序
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3.5 在kubernetes中开发部署应用
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3.5.1 适用于kubernetes的应用开发部署流程
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3.5.2 迁移传统应用到kubernetes中——以Hadoop YARN为例
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4. 最佳实践
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4.1 在CentOS上部署kubernetes1.6集群
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4.1.1 创建TLS证书和秘钥
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4.1.2 创建kubeconfig文件
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4.1.3 创建高可用etcd集群
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4.1.4 安装kubectl命令行工具
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4.1.5 部署master节点
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4.1.6 部署node节点
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4.1.7 安装kubedns插件
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4.1.8 安装dashboard插件
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4.1.9 安装heapster插件
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4.1.10 安装EFK插件
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4.2 服务发现与负载均衡
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4.2.1 安装Traefik ingress
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4.2.2 分布式负载测试
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4.2.3 网络和集群性能测试
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4.2.4 边缘节点配置
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4.3 运维管理
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4.3.1 服务滚动升级
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4.3.2 应用日志收集
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4.3.3 配置最佳实践
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4.3.4 集群及应用监控
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4.3.5 使用Jenkins进行持续构建与发布
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4.3.6 数据持久化问题
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4.3.7 管理容器的计算资源
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4.4 存储管理
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4.4.1 GlusterFS
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4.4.1.1 使用GlusterFS做持久化存储
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4.4.1.2 在OpenShift中使用GlusterFS做持久化存储
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4.4.2 CephFS
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4.4.2.1 使用Ceph做持久化存储
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5. 领域应用
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< h2 id = "分布式负载测试" > 分 布 式 负 载 测 试 < / h2 >
< p > 该 教 程 描 述 如 何 在 < a href = "http://kubernetes.io" target = "_blank" > Kubernetes< / a > 中 进 行 分 布 式 负 载 均 衡 测 试 ， 包 括 一 个 web应 用 、 docker镜 像 和 Kubernetes controllers/services。 关 于 分 布 式 负 载 测 试 的 更 多 资 料 请 查 看 < a href = "http://cloud.google.com/solutions/distributed-load-testing-using-kubernetes" target = "_blank" > Distributed Load Testing Using Kubernetes< / a > 。 < / p >
< h2 id = "准备" > 准 备 < / h2 >
< p > < strong > 不 需 要 GCE及 其 他 组 件 ， 你 只 需 要 有 一 个 kubernetes集 群 即 可 。 < / strong > < / p >
< p > 如 果 你 还 没 有 kubernetes集 群 ， 可 以 参 考 < a href = "https://www.gitbook.com/book/rootsongjc/kubernetes-handbook" target = "_blank" > kubernetes-handbook< / a > 部 署 一 个 。 < / p >
< h2 id = "部署web应用" > 部 署 Web应 用 < / h2 >
< p > 本 文 中 使 用 的 镜 像 、 kubernetes应 用 的 yaml配 置 来 自 我 的 另 一 个 项 目 ， 请 参 考 ： < a href = "https://github.com/rootsongjc/distributed-load-testing-using-kubernetes" target = "_blank" > https://github.com/rootsongjc/distributed-load-testing-using-kubernetes< / a > < / p >
< p > < code > sample-webapp< / code > 目 录 下 包 含 一 个 简 单 的 web测 试 应 用 。 我 们 将 其 构 建 为 docker镜 像 ， 在 kubernetes中 运 行 。 你 可 以 自 己 构 建 ， 也 可 以 直 接 用 这 个 我 构 建 好 的 镜 像 < code > index.tenxcloud.com/jimmy/k8s-sample-webapp:latest< / code > 。 < / p >
< p > 在 kubernetes上 部 署 sample-webapp。 < / p >
< pre > < code class = "lang-bash" > $ git < span class = "hljs-built_in" > clone< / span > https://github.com/rootsongjc/distributed-load-testing-using-kubernetes.git
$ < span class = "hljs-built_in" > cd< / span > kubernetes-config
$ kubectl create < span class = "hljs-_" > -f< / span > sample-webapp-controller.yaml
$ kubectl create < span class = "hljs-_" > -f< / span > sample-webapp-service.yaml
< / code > < / pre >
< h2 id = "部署locust的controller和service" > 部 署 Locust的 Controller和 Service< / h2 >
< p > < code > locust-master< / code > 和 < code > locust-work< / code > 使 用 同 样 的 docker镜 像 ， 修 改 cotnroller中 < code > spec.template.spec.containers.env< / code > 字 段 中 的 value为 你 < code > sample-webapp< / code > service的 名 字 。 < / p >
< pre > < code > - name: TARGET_HOST
value: http://sample-webapp:8000
< / code > < / pre > < h3 id = "创建controller-docker镜像（可选）" > 创 建 Controller Docker镜 像 （ 可 选 ） < / h3 >
< p > < code > locust-master< / code > 和 < code > locust-work< / code > controller使 用 的 都 是 < code > locust-tasks< / code > docker镜 像 。 你 可 以 直 接 下 载 < code > gcr.io/cloud-solutions-images/locust-tasks< / code > ， 也 可 以 自 己 编 译 。 自 己 编 译 大 概 要 花 几 分 钟 时 间 ， 镜 像 大 小 为 820M。 < / p >
< pre > < code > $ docker build -t index.tenxcloud.com/jimmy/locust-tasks:latest .
$ docker push index.tenxcloud.com/jimmy/locust-tasks:latest
< / code > < / pre > < p > < strong > 注 意 < / strong > ： 我 使 用 的 是 时 速 云 的 镜 像 仓 库 。 < / p >
< p > 每 个 controller的 yaml的 < code > spec.template.spec.containers.image< / code > 字 段 指 定 的 是 我 的 镜 像 ： < / p >
< pre > < code > image: index.tenxcloud.com/jimmy/locust-tasks:latest
< / code > < / pre > < h3 id = "部署locust-master" > 部 署 locust-master< / h3 >
< pre > < code class = "lang-bash" > $ kubectl create < span class = "hljs-_" > -f< / span > locust-master-controller.yaml
$ kubectl create < span class = "hljs-_" > -f< / span > locust-master-service.yaml
< / code > < / pre >
< h3 id = "部署locust-worker" > 部 署 locust-worker< / h3 >
< p > Now deploy < code > locust-worker-controller< / code > :< / p >
< pre > < code class = "lang-bash" > $ kubectl create < span class = "hljs-_" > -f< / span > locust-worker-controller.yaml
< / code > < / pre >
< p > 你 可 以 很 轻 易 的 给 work扩 容 ， 通 过 命 令 行 方 式 ： < / p >
< p > ```ba sh
$ kubectl scale --replicas=20 replicationcontrollers locust-worker< / p >
< pre > < code > 当 然 你 也 可 以 通 过 WebUI： Dashboard - Workloads - Replication Controllers - **ServiceName** - Scale来 扩 容 。
### 配 置 Traefik
参 考 [kubernetes的 traefik ingress安 装 ](http://rootsongjc.github.io/blogs/traefik-ingress-installation/)， 在 `ingress.yaml`中 加 入 如 下 配 置 ：
```Yaml
- host: traefik.locust.io
http:
paths:
- path: /
backend:
serviceName: locust-master
servicePort: 8089
< / code > < / pre > < p > 然 后 执 行 < code > kubectl replace -f ingress.yaml< / code > 即 可 更 新 traefik。 < / p >
< p > 通 过 Traefik的 dashboard就 可 以 看 到 刚 增 加 的 < code > traefik.locust.io< / code > 节 点 。 < / p >
< figure id = "fig1.4.2.2.1" > < img src = "../images/traefik-dashboard-locust.jpg" alt = "traefik-dashboard-locust" > < figcaption > Figure: traefik-dashboard-locust< / figcaption > < / figure >
< h2 id = "执行测试" > 执 行 测 试 < / h2 >
< p > 打 开 < code > http://traefik.locust.io< / code > 页 面 ， 点 击 < code > Edit< / code > 输 入 伪 造 的 用 户 数 和 用 户 每 秒 发 送 的 请 求 个 数 ， 点 击 < code > Start Swarming< / code > 就 可 以 开 始 测 试 了 。 < / p >
< figure id = "fig1.4.2.2.2" > < img src = "../images/locust-start-swarming.jpg" alt = "locust-start-swarming" > < figcaption > Figure: locust-start-swarming< / figcaption > < / figure >
< p > 在 测 试 过 程 中 调 整 < code > sample-webapp< / code > 的 pod个 数 （ 默 认 设 置 了 1个 pod） ， 观 察 pod的 负 载 变 化 情 况 。 < / p >
< figure id = "fig1.4.2.2.3" > < img src = "../images/sample-webapp-rc.jpg" alt = "sample-webapp-rc" > < figcaption > Figure: sample-webapp-rc< / figcaption > < / figure >
< p > 从 一 段 时 间 的 观 察 中 可 以 看 到 负 载 被 平 均 分 配 给 了 3个 pod。 < / p >
< p > 在 locust的 页 面 中 可 以 实 时 观 察 也 可 以 下 载 测 试 结 果 。 < / p >
< figure id = "fig1.4.2.2.4" > < img src = "../images/locust-dashboard.jpg" alt = "locust-dashboard" > < figcaption > Figure: locust-dashboard< / figcaption > < / figure >
2017-09-19 21:38:03 +08:00
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