175 lines
6.5 KiB
Markdown
175 lines
6.5 KiB
Markdown
# 安装dashboard插件
|
||
|
||
官方文件目录:`kubernetes/cluster/addons/dashboard`
|
||
|
||
我们使用的文件如下:
|
||
|
||
``` bash
|
||
$ ls *.yaml
|
||
dashboard-controller.yaml dashboard-service.yaml dashboard-rbac.yaml
|
||
```
|
||
|
||
已经修改好的 yaml 文件见:[../manifests/dashboard](https://github.com/rootsongjc/kubernetes-handbook/blob/master/manifests/dashboard)
|
||
|
||
由于 `kube-apiserver` 启用了 `RBAC` 授权,而官方源码目录的 `dashboard-controller.yaml` 没有定义授权的 ServiceAccount,所以后续访问 API server 的 API 时会被拒绝,web中提示:
|
||
|
||
```
|
||
Forbidden (403)
|
||
|
||
User "system:serviceaccount:kube-system:default" cannot list jobs.batch in the namespace "default". (get jobs.batch)
|
||
```
|
||
|
||
增加了一个`dashboard-rbac.yaml`文件,定义一个名为 dashboard 的 ServiceAccount,然后将它和 Cluster Role view 绑定。
|
||
|
||
## 配置dashboard-service
|
||
|
||
``` bash
|
||
$ diff dashboard-service.yaml.orig dashboard-service.yaml
|
||
10a11
|
||
> type: NodePort
|
||
```
|
||
|
||
+ 指定端口类型为 NodePort,这样外界可以通过地址 nodeIP:nodePort 访问 dashboard;
|
||
|
||
## 配置dashboard-controller
|
||
|
||
``` bash
|
||
$ diff dashboard-controller.yaml.orig dashboard-controller.yaml
|
||
23c23
|
||
< image: gcr.io/google_containers/kubernetes-dashboard-amd64:v1.6.0
|
||
---
|
||
> image: sz-pg-oam-docker-hub-001.tendcloud.com/library/kubernetes-dashboard-amd64:v1.6.0
|
||
```
|
||
|
||
## 执行所有定义文件
|
||
|
||
``` bash
|
||
$ pwd
|
||
/root/kubernetes/cluster/addons/dashboard
|
||
$ ls *.yaml
|
||
dashboard-controller.yaml dashboard-service.yaml
|
||
$ kubectl create -f .
|
||
service "kubernetes-dashboard" created
|
||
deployment "kubernetes-dashboard" created
|
||
```
|
||
|
||
## 检查执行结果
|
||
|
||
查看分配的 NodePort
|
||
|
||
``` bash
|
||
$ kubectl get services kubernetes-dashboard -n kube-system
|
||
NAME CLUSTER-IP EXTERNAL-IP PORT(S) AGE
|
||
kubernetes-dashboard 10.254.224.130 <nodes> 80:30312/TCP 25s
|
||
```
|
||
|
||
+ NodePort 30312映射到 dashboard pod 80端口;
|
||
|
||
检查 controller
|
||
|
||
``` bash
|
||
$ kubectl get deployment kubernetes-dashboard -n kube-system
|
||
NAME DESIRED CURRENT UP-TO-DATE AVAILABLE AGE
|
||
kubernetes-dashboard 1 1 1 1 3m
|
||
$ kubectl get pods -n kube-system | grep dashboard
|
||
kubernetes-dashboard-1339745653-pmn6z 1/1 Running 0 4m
|
||
```
|
||
|
||
## 访问dashboard
|
||
|
||
有以下三种方式:
|
||
|
||
- kubernetes-dashboard 服务暴露了 NodePort,可以使用 `http://NodeIP:nodePort` 地址访问 dashboard
|
||
- 通过 API server 访问 dashboard(https 6443端口和http 8080端口方式)
|
||
- 通过 kubectl proxy 访问 dashboard
|
||
|
||
### 通过 kubectl proxy 访问 dashboard
|
||
|
||
启动代理
|
||
|
||
``` bash
|
||
$ kubectl proxy --address='172.20.0.113' --port=8086 --accept-hosts='^*$'
|
||
Starting to serve on 172.20.0.113:8086
|
||
```
|
||
|
||
+ 需要指定 `--accept-hosts` 选项,否则浏览器访问 dashboard 页面时提示 “Unauthorized”;
|
||
|
||
浏览器访问 URL:http://172.20.0.113:8086/ui
|
||
自动跳转到:http://172.20.0.113:8086/api/v1/proxy/namespaces/kube-system/services/kubernetes-dashboard/#/workload?namespace=default
|
||
|
||
### 通过 API server 访问dashboard
|
||
|
||
获取集群服务地址列表
|
||
|
||
``` bash
|
||
$ kubectl cluster-info
|
||
Kubernetes master is running at https://172.20.0.113:6443
|
||
KubeDNS is running at https://172.20.0.113:6443/api/v1/proxy/namespaces/kube-system/services/kube-dns
|
||
kubernetes-dashboard is running at https://172.20.0.113:6443/api/v1/proxy/namespaces/kube-system/services/kubernetes-dashboard
|
||
```
|
||
|
||
浏览器访问 URL:https://172.20.0.113:6443/api/v1/proxy/namespaces/kube-system/services/kubernetes-dashboard(浏览器会提示证书验证,因为通过加密通道,以改方式访问的话,需要提前导入证书到你的计算机中)。这是我当时在这遇到的坑:[通过 kube-apiserver 访问dashboard,提示User "system:anonymous" cannot proxy services in the namespace "kube-system". #5](https://github.com/opsnull/follow-me-install-kubernetes-cluster/issues/5),已经解决。
|
||
|
||
**导入证书**
|
||
|
||
将生成的admin.pem证书转换格式
|
||
|
||
```
|
||
openssl pkcs12 -export -in admin.pem -out admin.p12 -inkey admin-key.pem
|
||
```
|
||
|
||
将生成的`admin.p12`证书导入的你的电脑,导出的时候记住你设置的密码,导入的时候还要用到。
|
||
|
||
如果你不想使用**https**的话,可以直接访问insecure port 8080端口:<http://172.20.0.113:8080/api/v1/proxy/namespaces/kube-system/services/kubernetes-dashboard>
|
||
|
||
![kubernetes-dashboard](http://olz1di9xf.bkt.clouddn.com/kubernetes-dashboard-raw.jpg)
|
||
|
||
由于缺少 Heapster 插件,当前 dashboard 不能展示 Pod、Nodes 的 CPU、内存等 metric 图形。
|
||
|
||
### 更新
|
||
|
||
Kubernetes 1.6 版本的 dashboard 的镜像已经到了 v1.6.3 版本,我们可以使用下面的方式更新。
|
||
|
||
修改 `dashboard-controller.yaml` 文件中的镜像的版本将 `v1.6.0` 更改为 `v1.6.3`。
|
||
|
||
```yaml
|
||
image: sz-pg-oam-docker-hub-001.tendcloud.com/library/kubernetes-dashboard-amd64:v1.6.3
|
||
```
|
||
|
||
然后执行下面的命令:
|
||
|
||
```bash
|
||
kubectl apply -f dashboard-controller.yaml
|
||
```
|
||
|
||
即可在线更新 dashboard 的版本。
|
||
|
||
监听 dashboard Pod 的状态可以看到:
|
||
|
||
```bash
|
||
kubernetes-dashboard-215087767-2jsgd 0/1 Pending 0 0s
|
||
kubernetes-dashboard-3966630548-0jj1j 1/1 Terminating 0 1d
|
||
kubernetes-dashboard-215087767-2jsgd 0/1 Pending 0 0s
|
||
kubernetes-dashboard-3966630548-0jj1j 1/1 Terminating 0 1d
|
||
kubernetes-dashboard-215087767-2jsgd 0/1 ContainerCreating 0 0s
|
||
kubernetes-dashboard-3966630548-0jj1j 0/1 Terminating 0 1d
|
||
kubernetes-dashboard-3966630548-0jj1j 0/1 Terminating 0 1d
|
||
kubernetes-dashboard-215087767-2jsgd 1/1 Running 0 6s
|
||
kubernetes-dashboard-3966630548-0jj1j 0/1 Terminating 0 1d
|
||
kubernetes-dashboard-3966630548-0jj1j 0/1 Terminating 0 1d
|
||
kubernetes-dashboard-3966630548-0jj1j 0/1 Terminating 0 1d
|
||
```
|
||
|
||
新的 Pod 的启动了,旧的 Pod 被终结了。
|
||
|
||
Dashboard 的访问地址不变,重新访问 <http://172.20.0.113:8080/api/v1/proxy/namespaces/kube-system/services/kubernetes-dashboard>,可以看到新版的界面:
|
||
|
||
![V1.6.3版本的dashboard界面](../images/dashboard-v163.jpg)
|
||
|
||
新版本中最大的变化是增加了进入容器内部的入口,可以在页面上进入到容器内部操作,同时又增加了一个搜索框。
|
||
|
||
关于如何将dashboard从1.6版本升级到1.7版本请参考[升级dashboard](dashboard-upgrade.md)。
|
||
|
||
## 参考
|
||
|
||
[WebUI(Dashboard) 文档](https://kubernetes.io/docs/tasks/access-application-cluster/web-ui-dashboard/) |