197 lines
5.5 KiB
Markdown
197 lines
5.5 KiB
Markdown
# Kubernetes测试
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## 单元测试
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单元测试仅依赖于源代码，是测试代码逻辑是否符合预期的最简单方法。
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**运行所有的单元测试**
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```
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make test
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```
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**仅测试指定的package**
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```sh
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# 单个package
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make test WHAT=./pkg/api
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# 多个packages
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make test WHAT=./pkg/{api,kubelet}
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```
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或者，也可以直接用`go test`
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```sh
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go test -v k8s.io/kubernetes/pkg/kubelet
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```
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**仅测试指定package的某个测试case**
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```
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# Runs TestValidatePod in pkg/api/validation with the verbose flag set
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make test WHAT=./pkg/api/validation KUBE_GOFLAGS="-v" KUBE_TEST_ARGS='-run ^TestValidatePod$'
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# Runs tests that match the regex ValidatePod|ValidateConfigMap in pkg/api/validation
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make test WHAT=./pkg/api/validation KUBE_GOFLAGS="-v" KUBE_TEST_ARGS="-run ValidatePod\|ValidateConfigMap$"
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```
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或者直接用`go test`
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```
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go test -v k8s.io/kubernetes/pkg/api/validation -run ^TestValidatePod$
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```
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**并行测试**
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并行测试是root out flakes的一种有效方法：
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```sh
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# Have 2 workers run all tests 5 times each (10 total iterations).
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make test PARALLEL=2 ITERATION=5
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```
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**生成测试报告**
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```
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make test KUBE_COVER=y
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```
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## Benchmark测试
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```
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go test ./pkg/apiserver -benchmem -run=XXX -bench=BenchmarkWatch
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```
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## 集成测试
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Kubernetes集成测试需要安装etcd（只要按照即可，不需要启动），比如
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```
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hack/install-etcd.sh # Installs in ./third_party/etcd
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echo export PATH="\$PATH:$(pwd)/third_party/etcd" >> ~/.profile # Add to PATH
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```
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集成测试会在需要的时候自动启动etcd和kubernetes服务，并运行[test/integration](https://github.com/kubernetes/kubernetes/tree/master/test/integration)里面的测试。
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**运行所有集成测试**
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```sh
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make test-integration # Run all integration tests.
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```
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**指定集成测试用例**
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```sh
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# Run integration test TestPodUpdateActiveDeadlineSeconds with the verbose flag set.
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make test-integration KUBE_GOFLAGS="-v" KUBE_TEST_ARGS="-run ^TestPodUpdateActiveDeadlineSeconds$"
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```
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## End to end (e2e)测试
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End to end (e2e) 测试模拟用户行为操作Kubernetes，用来保证Kubernetes服务或集群的行为完全符合设计预期。
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在开启e2e测试之前，需要先编译测试文件，并设置KUBERNETES_PROVIDER（默认为gce）：
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```
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make WHAT='test/e2e/e2e.test'
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make ginkgo
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export KUBERNETES_PROVIDER=local
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```
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**启动cluster，测试，最后停止cluster**
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```sh
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# build Kubernetes, up a cluster, run tests, and tear everything down
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go run hack/e2e.go -- -v --build --up --test --down
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```
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**仅测试指定的用例**
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```sh
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go run hack/e2e.go -v -test --test_args='--ginkgo.focus=Kubectl\sclient\s\[k8s\.io\]\sKubectl\srolling\-update\sshould\ssupport\srolling\-update\sto\ssame\simage\s\[Conformance\]$'
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```
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**略过测试用例**
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```sh
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go run hack/e2e.go -- -v --test --test_args="--ginkgo.skip=Pods.*env
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```
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**并行测试**
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```sh
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# Run tests in parallel, skip any that must be run serially
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GINKGO_PARALLEL=y go run hack/e2e.go --v --test --test_args="--ginkgo.skip=\[Serial\]"
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# Run tests in parallel, skip any that must be run serially and keep the test namespace if test failed
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GINKGO_PARALLEL=y go run hack/e2e.go --v --test --test_args="--ginkgo.skip=\[Serial\] --delete-namespace-on-failure=false"
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```
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**清理测试**
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```sh
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go run hack/e2e.go -- -v --down
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```
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**有用的`-ctl`**
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```sh
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# -ctl can be used to quickly call kubectl against your e2e cluster. Useful for
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# cleaning up after a failed test or viewing logs. Use -v to avoid suppressing
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# kubectl output.
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go run hack/e2e.go -- -v -ctl='get events'
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go run hack/e2e.go -- -v -ctl='delete pod foobar'
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```
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## Fedaration e2e测试
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```sh
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export FEDERATION=true
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export E2E_ZONES="us-central1-a us-central1-b us-central1-f"
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# or export FEDERATION_PUSH_REPO_BASE="quay.io/colin_hom"
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export FEDERATION_PUSH_REPO_BASE="gcr.io/${GCE_PROJECT_NAME}"
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# build container images
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KUBE_RELEASE_RUN_TESTS=n KUBE_FASTBUILD=true go run hack/e2e.go -- -v -build
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# push the federation container images
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build/push-federation-images.sh
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# Deploy federation control plane
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go run hack/e2e.go -- -v --up
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# Finally, run the tests
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go run hack/e2e.go -- -v --test --test_args="--ginkgo.focus=\[Feature:Federation\]"
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# Don't forget to teardown everything down
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go run hack/e2e.go -- -v --down
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```
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可以用`cluster/log-dump.sh <directory>`方便的下载相关日志，帮助排查测试中碰到的问题。
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## Node e2e测试
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Node e2e仅测试Kubelet的相关功能，可以在本地或者集群中测试
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```sh
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export KUBERNETES_PROVIDER=local
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make test-e2e-node FOCUS="InitContainer"
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make test_e2e_node TEST_ARGS="--experimental-cgroups-per-qos=true"
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```
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## 补充说明
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借助kubectl的模版可以方便获取想要的数据，比如查询某个container的镜像的方法为
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```sh
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kubectl get pods nginx-4263166205-ggst4 -o template '--template={{if (exists . "status" "containerStatuses")}}{{range .status.containerStatuses}}{{if eq .name "nginx"}}{{.image}}{{end}}{{end}}{{end}}'
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```
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## 参考文档
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* [Kubernetes testing](https://github.com/kubernetes/community/blob/master/contributors/devel/testing.md)
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* [End-to-End Testing](https://github.com/kubernetes/community/blob/master/contributors/devel/e2e-tests.md)
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* [Node e2e test](https://github.com/kubernetes/community/blob/master/contributors/devel/e2e-node-tests.md)
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* [How to write e2e test](https://github.com/kubernetes/community/blob/master/contributors/devel/writing-good-e2e-tests.md)
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* [Coding Conventions](https://github.com/kubernetes/community/blob/master/contributors/devel/coding-conventions.md#testing-conventions)
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