2015-05-08 20:10:01 +08:00
|
|
|
|
## 使用
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
### 术语
|
|
|
|
|
|
首先介绍几个术语。
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
* 服务（service）：一个应用容器，实际上可以运行多个相同镜像的实例。
|
|
|
|
|
|
* 项目(project)：由一组关联的应用容器组成的一个完整业务单元。
|
2015-05-11 14:46:51 +08:00
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
可见，一个项目可以由多个服务（容器）关联而成，Compose 面向项目进行管理。
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
### 场景
|
2016-05-25 09:32:05 +08:00
|
|
|
|
下面，我们创建一个经典的 Web 项目：一个 [Haproxy](http://www.haproxy.org/)，挂载三个 Web 容器。
|
2015-05-11 14:46:51 +08:00
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
创建一个 `compose-haproxy-web` 目录，作为项目工作目录，并在其中分别创建两个子目录：`haproxy` 和 `web`。
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
2017-01-06 15:44:31 +08:00
|
|
|
|
### web 子目录
|
2015-05-11 14:46:51 +08:00
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
这里用 Python 程序来提供一个简单的 HTTP 服务，打印出访问者的 IP 和 实际的本地 IP。
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
#### index.py
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
编写一个 `index.py` 作为服务器文件，代码为
|
2016-11-10 19:48:32 +08:00
|
|
|
|
```bash
|
2015-05-11 14:46:51 +08:00
|
|
|
|
#!/usr/bin/python
|
|
|
|
|
|
#authors: yeasy.github.com
|
|
|
|
|
|
#date: 2013-07-05
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
import sys
|
|
|
|
|
|
import BaseHTTPServer
|
|
|
|
|
|
from SimpleHTTPServer import SimpleHTTPRequestHandler
|
|
|
|
|
|
import socket
|
|
|
|
|
|
import fcntl
|
|
|
|
|
|
import struct
|
|
|
|
|
|
import pickle
|
|
|
|
|
|
from datetime import datetime
|
|
|
|
|
|
from collections import OrderedDict
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
class HandlerClass(SimpleHTTPRequestHandler):
|
|
|
|
|
|
def get_ip_address(self,ifname):
|
|
|
|
|
|
s = socket.socket(socket.AF_INET, socket.SOCK_DGRAM)
|
|
|
|
|
|
return socket.inet_ntoa(fcntl.ioctl(
|
|
|
|
|
|
s.fileno(),
|
|
|
|
|
|
0x8915, # SIOCGIFADDR
|
|
|
|
|
|
struct.pack('256s', ifname[:15])
|
|
|
|
|
|
)[20:24])
|
|
|
|
|
|
def log_message(self, format, *args):
|
|
|
|
|
|
if len(args) < 3 or "200" not in args[1]:
|
|
|
|
|
|
return
|
|
|
|
|
|
try:
|
|
|
|
|
|
request = pickle.load(open("pickle_data.txt","r"))
|
|
|
|
|
|
except:
|
|
|
|
|
|
request=OrderedDict()
|
|
|
|
|
|
time_now = datetime.now()
|
|
|
|
|
|
ts = time_now.strftime('%Y-%m-%d %H:%M:%S')
|
|
|
|
|
|
server = self.get_ip_address('eth0')
|
|
|
|
|
|
host=self.address_string()
|
|
|
|
|
|
addr_pair = (host,server)
|
|
|
|
|
|
if addr_pair not in request:
|
|
|
|
|
|
request[addr_pair]=[1,ts]
|
|
|
|
|
|
else:
|
|
|
|
|
|
num = request[addr_pair][0]+1
|
|
|
|
|
|
del request[addr_pair]
|
|
|
|
|
|
request[addr_pair]=[num,ts]
|
|
|
|
|
|
file=open("index.html", "w")
|
2017-07-24 17:18:05 +08:00
|
|
|
|
file.write("<!DOCTYPE html> <html> <body><center><h1><font color=\"blue\" face=\"Georgia, Arial\" size=8><em>HA</em></font> Webpage Visit Results</h1></center>")
|
2015-05-11 14:46:51 +08:00
|
|
|
|
for pair in request:
|
|
|
|
|
|
if pair[0] == host:
|
|
|
|
|
|
guest = "LOCAL: "+pair[0]
|
|
|
|
|
|
else:
|
|
|
|
|
|
guest = pair[0]
|
|
|
|
|
|
if (time_now-datetime.strptime(request[pair][1],'%Y-%m-%d %H:%M:%S')).seconds < 3:
|
|
|
|
|
|
file.write("<p style=\"font-size:150%\" >#"+ str(request[pair][1]) +": <font color=\"red\">"+str(request[pair][0])+ "</font> requests " + "from <<font color=\"blue\">"+guest+"</font>> to WebServer <<font color=\"blue\">"+pair[1]+"</font>></p>")
|
|
|
|
|
|
else:
|
|
|
|
|
|
file.write("<p style=\"font-size:150%\" >#"+ str(request[pair][1]) +": <font color=\"maroon\">"+str(request[pair][0])+ "</font> requests " + "from <<font color=\"navy\">"+guest+"</font>> to WebServer <<font color=\"navy\">"+pair[1]+"</font>></p>")
|
2017-07-24 17:18:05 +08:00
|
|
|
|
file.write("</body> </html>")
|
2015-05-11 14:46:51 +08:00
|
|
|
|
file.close()
|
|
|
|
|
|
pickle.dump(request,open("pickle_data.txt","w"))
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
if __name__ == '__main__':
|
|
|
|
|
|
try:
|
|
|
|
|
|
ServerClass = BaseHTTPServer.HTTPServer
|
|
|
|
|
|
Protocol = "HTTP/1.0"
|
|
|
|
|
|
addr = len(sys.argv) < 2 and "0.0.0.0" or sys.argv[1]
|
|
|
|
|
|
port = len(sys.argv) < 3 and 80 or int(sys.argv[2])
|
|
|
|
|
|
HandlerClass.protocol_version = Protocol
|
|
|
|
|
|
httpd = ServerClass((addr, port), HandlerClass)
|
|
|
|
|
|
sa = httpd.socket.getsockname()
|
|
|
|
|
|
print "Serving HTTP on", sa[0], "port", sa[1], "..."
|
|
|
|
|
|
httpd.serve_forever()
|
|
|
|
|
|
except:
|
|
|
|
|
|
exit()
|
|
|
|
|
|
```
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
#### index.html
|
|
|
|
|
|
生成一个临时的 `index.html` 文件，其内容会被 index.py 更新。
|
2016-11-10 19:48:32 +08:00
|
|
|
|
```bash
|
2015-05-11 14:46:51 +08:00
|
|
|
|
$ touch index.html
|
|
|
|
|
|
```
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
#### Dockerfile
|
|
|
|
|
|
生成一个 Dockerfile，内容为
|
2016-11-10 19:48:32 +08:00
|
|
|
|
```bash
|
2015-05-11 14:46:51 +08:00
|
|
|
|
FROM python:2.7
|
|
|
|
|
|
WORKDIR /code
|
|
|
|
|
|
ADD . /code
|
|
|
|
|
|
EXPOSE 80
|
|
|
|
|
|
CMD python index.py
|
|
|
|
|
|
```
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
### haproxy 目录
|
|
|
|
|
|
在其中生成一个 `haproxy.cfg` 文件，内容为
|
2016-11-10 19:48:32 +08:00
|
|
|
|
```bash
|
2015-05-11 14:46:51 +08:00
|
|
|
|
global
|
|
|
|
|
|
log 127.0.0.1 local0
|
|
|
|
|
|
log 127.0.0.1 local1 notice
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
defaults
|
|
|
|
|
|
log global
|
|
|
|
|
|
mode http
|
|
|
|
|
|
option httplog
|
|
|
|
|
|
option dontlognull
|
|
|
|
|
|
timeout connect 5000ms
|
|
|
|
|
|
timeout client 50000ms
|
|
|
|
|
|
timeout server 50000ms
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
2016-10-25 16:10:24 +08:00
|
|
|
|
listen stats
|
|
|
|
|
|
bind 0.0.0.0:70
|
2015-05-11 14:46:51 +08:00
|
|
|
|
stats enable
|
|
|
|
|
|
stats uri /
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
frontend balancer
|
|
|
|
|
|
bind 0.0.0.0:80
|
|
|
|
|
|
mode http
|
|
|
|
|
|
default_backend web_backends
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
backend web_backends
|
|
|
|
|
|
mode http
|
|
|
|
|
|
option forwardfor
|
|
|
|
|
|
balance roundrobin
|
|
|
|
|
|
server weba weba:80 check
|
|
|
|
|
|
server webb webb:80 check
|
|
|
|
|
|
server webc webc:80 check
|
|
|
|
|
|
option httpchk GET /
|
|
|
|
|
|
http-check expect status 200
|
|
|
|
|
|
```
|
|
|
|
|
|
### docker-compose.yml
|
|
|
|
|
|
编写 docker-compose.yml 文件，这个是 Compose 使用的主模板文件。内容十分简单，指定 3 个 web 容器，以及 1 个 haproxy 容器。
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
2016-11-10 19:48:32 +08:00
|
|
|
|
```bash
|
2015-05-11 14:46:51 +08:00
|
|
|
|
weba:
|
|
|
|
|
|
build: ./web
|
|
|
|
|
|
expose:
|
|
|
|
|
|
- 80
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
webb:
|
|
|
|
|
|
build: ./web
|
|
|
|
|
|
expose:
|
|
|
|
|
|
- 80
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
webc:
|
|
|
|
|
|
build: ./web
|
|
|
|
|
|
expose:
|
|
|
|
|
|
- 80
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
haproxy:
|
|
|
|
|
|
image: haproxy:latest
|
|
|
|
|
|
volumes:
|
2015-11-26 22:41:28 +08:00
|
|
|
|
- ./haproxy:/haproxy-override
|
|
|
|
|
|
- ./haproxy/haproxy.cfg:/usr/local/etc/haproxy/haproxy.cfg:ro
|
2015-05-11 14:46:51 +08:00
|
|
|
|
links:
|
|
|
|
|
|
- weba
|
|
|
|
|
|
- webb
|
|
|
|
|
|
- webc
|
|
|
|
|
|
ports:
|
|
|
|
|
|
- "80:80"
|
|
|
|
|
|
- "70:70"
|
|
|
|
|
|
expose:
|
|
|
|
|
|
- "80"
|
|
|
|
|
|
- "70"
|
|
|
|
|
|
```
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
### 运行 compose 项目
|
|
|
|
|
|
现在 compose-haproxy-web 目录长成下面的样子。
|
2016-11-10 19:48:32 +08:00
|
|
|
|
```bash
|
2015-05-11 14:46:51 +08:00
|
|
|
|
compose-haproxy-web
|
|
|
|
|
|
├── docker-compose.yml
|
|
|
|
|
|
├── haproxy
|
|
|
|
|
|
│ └── haproxy.cfg
|
|
|
|
|
|
└── web
|
|
|
|
|
|
├── Dockerfile
|
|
|
|
|
|
├── index.html
|
|
|
|
|
|
└── index.py
|
|
|
|
|
|
```
|
|
|
|
|
|
在该目录下执行 `docker-compose up` 命令，会整合输出所有容器的输出。
|
|
|
|
|
|
```
|
|
|
|
|
|
$sudo docker-compose up
|
|
|
|
|
|
Recreating composehaproxyweb_webb_1...
|
|
|
|
|
|
Recreating composehaproxyweb_webc_1...
|
|
|
|
|
|
Recreating composehaproxyweb_weba_1...
|
|
|
|
|
|
Recreating composehaproxyweb_haproxy_1...
|
|
|
|
|
|
Attaching to composehaproxyweb_webb_1, composehaproxyweb_webc_1, composehaproxyweb_weba_1, composehaproxyweb_haproxy_1
|
|
|
|
|
|
```
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
此时访问本地的 80 端口，会经过 haproxy 自动转发到后端的某个 web 容器上，刷新页面，可以观察到访问的容器地址的变化。
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
访问本地 70 端口，可以查看到 haproxy 的统计信息。
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
当然，还可以使用 consul、etcd 等实现服务发现，这样就可以避免手动指定后端的 web 容器了，更为灵活。
|
