131 lines
6.3 KiB
Go
131 lines
6.3 KiB
Go
# Busybox
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## 简介
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`BusyBox` 是一个集成了一百多个最常用 Linux 命令和工具（如 `cat`、`echo`、`grep`、`mount`、`telnet` 等）的精简工具箱，它只需要几 MB 的大小，很方便进行各种快速验证，被誉为“Linux 系统的瑞士军刀”。
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`BusyBox` 可运行于多款 `POSIX` 环境的操作系统中，如 `Linux`（包括 `Android`）、`Hurd`、`FreeBSD` 等。
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## 获取官方镜像
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在 `Docker Hub` 中搜索 `busybox` 相关的镜像。
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```bash
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$ docker search busybox
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NAME DESCRIPTION STARS OFFICIAL AUTOMATED
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busybox Busybox base image. 755 [OK]
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progrium/busybox 63 [OK]
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radial/busyboxplus Full-chain, Internet enabled, busybox made... 11 [OK]
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odise/busybox-python 3 [OK]
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multiarch/busybox multiarch ports of ubuntu-debootstrap 2 [OK]
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azukiapp/busybox This image is meant to be used as the base... 2 [OK]
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...
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```
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读者可以看到最受欢迎的镜像同时带有 `OFFICIAL` 标记，说明它是官方镜像。用户使用 `docker pull` 指令下载 `busybox:latest` 镜像：
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```bash
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$ docker pull busybox:latest
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busybox:latest: The image you are pulling has been verified
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e433a6c5b276: Pull complete
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e72ac664f4f0: Pull complete
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511136ea3c5a: Pull complete
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df7546f9f060: Pull complete
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Status: Downloaded newer image for busybox:latest
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```
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下载后，可以看到 `busybox` 镜像只有 **2.433 MB**：
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```bash
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$ docker image ls
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REPOSITORY TAG IMAGE ID CREATED VIRTUAL SIZE
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busybox latest e72ac664f4f0 6 weeks ago 2.433 MB
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```
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## 运行 busybox
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启动一个 `busybox` 容器，并在容器中执行 `grep` 命令。
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```bash
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$ docker run -it busybox
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/ # grep
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BusyBox v1.22.1 (2014-05-22 23:22:11 UTC) multi-call binary.
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Usage: grep [-HhnlLoqvsriwFE] [-m N] [-A/B/C N] PATTERN/-e PATTERN.../-f FILE [FILE]...
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Search for PATTERN in FILEs (or stdin)
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-H Add 'filename:' prefix
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-h Do not add 'filename:' prefix
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-n Add 'line_no:' prefix
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-l Show only names of files that match
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-L Show only names of files that don't match
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-c Show only count of matching lines
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-o Show only the matching part of line
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-q Quiet. Return 0 if PATTERN is found, 1 otherwise
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-v Select non-matching lines
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-s Suppress open and read errors
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-r Recurse
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-i Ignore case
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-w Match whole words only
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-x Match whole lines only
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-F PATTERN is a literal (not regexp)
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-E PATTERN is an extended regexp
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-m N Match up to N times per file
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-A N Print N lines of trailing context
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-B N Print N lines of leading context
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-C N Same as '-A N -B N'
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-e PTRN Pattern to match
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-f FILE Read pattern from file
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```
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查看容器内的挂载信息。
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```bash
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/ # mount
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overlay on / type overlay (rw,relatime,lowerdir=/var/lib/docker/overlay2/l/BOTCI5RF24AMC4A2UWF4N6ZWFP:/var/lib/docker/overlay2/l/TWVP5T5DMKJGXZOROR7CAPWGFP,upperdir=/var/lib/docker/overlay2/801ef0bf6cce35288dbb8fe00a4f9cc47760444693bfdf339ed0bdcf926e12a3/diff,workdir=/var/lib/docker/overlay2/801ef0bf6cce35288dbb8fe00a4f9cc47760444693bfdf339ed0bdcf926e12a3/work)
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proc on /proc type proc (rw,nosuid,nodev,noexec,relatime)
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tmpfs on /dev type tmpfs (rw,nosuid,size=65536k,mode=755)
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devpts on /dev/pts type devpts (rw,nosuid,noexec,relatime,gid=5,mode=620,ptmxmode=666)
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sysfs on /sys type sysfs (ro,nosuid,nodev,noexec,relatime)
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tmpfs on /sys/fs/cgroup type tmpfs (ro,nosuid,nodev,noexec,relatime,mode=755)
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cgroup on /sys/fs/cgroup/systemd type cgroup (ro,nosuid,nodev,noexec,relatime,xattr,release_agent=/lib/systemd/systemd-cgroups-agent,name=systemd)
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cgroup on /sys/fs/cgroup/net_cls,net_prio type cgroup (ro,nosuid,nodev,noexec,relatime,net_cls,net_prio)
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cgroup on /sys/fs/cgroup/freezer type cgroup (ro,nosuid,nodev,noexec,relatime,freezer)
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cgroup on /sys/fs/cgroup/cpu,cpuacct type cgroup (ro,nosuid,nodev,noexec,relatime,cpu,cpuacct)
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cgroup on /sys/fs/cgroup/cpuset type cgroup (ro,nosuid,nodev,noexec,relatime,cpuset)
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cgroup on /sys/fs/cgroup/blkio type cgroup (ro,nosuid,nodev,noexec,relatime,blkio)
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cgroup on /sys/fs/cgroup/perf_event type cgroup (ro,nosuid,nodev,noexec,relatime,perf_event)
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cgroup on /sys/fs/cgroup/memory type cgroup (ro,nosuid,nodev,noexec,relatime,memory)
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cgroup on /sys/fs/cgroup/devices type cgroup (ro,nosuid,nodev,noexec,relatime,devices)
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cgroup on /sys/fs/cgroup/pids type cgroup (ro,nosuid,nodev,noexec,relatime,pids)
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mqueue on /dev/mqueue type mqueue (rw,nosuid,nodev,noexec,relatime)
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shm on /dev/shm type tmpfs (rw,nosuid,nodev,noexec,relatime,size=65536k)
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/dev/vda1 on /etc/resolv.conf type ext3 (rw,noatime,data=ordered)
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/dev/vda1 on /etc/hostname type ext3 (rw,noatime,data=ordered)
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/dev/vda1 on /etc/hosts type ext3 (rw,noatime,data=ordered)
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devpts on /dev/console type devpts (rw,nosuid,noexec,relatime,gid=5,mode=620,ptmxmode=666)
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proc on /proc/bus type proc (ro,relatime)
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proc on /proc/fs type proc (ro,relatime)
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proc on /proc/irq type proc (ro,relatime)
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proc on /proc/sys type proc (ro,relatime)
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proc on /proc/sysrq-trigger type proc (ro,relatime)
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tmpfs on /proc/acpi type tmpfs (ro,relatime)
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tmpfs on /proc/kcore type tmpfs (rw,nosuid,size=65536k,mode=755)
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tmpfs on /proc/keys type tmpfs (rw,nosuid,size=65536k,mode=755)
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tmpfs on /proc/timer_list type tmpfs (rw,nosuid,size=65536k,mode=755)
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tmpfs on /proc/sched_debug type tmpfs (rw,nosuid,size=65536k,mode=755)
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tmpfs on /sys/firmware type tmpfs (ro,relatime)
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```
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`busybox` 镜像虽然小巧，但包括了大量常见的 `Linux` 命令，读者可以用它快速熟悉 `Linux` 命令。
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## 相关资源
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* `Busybox` 官网：https://busybox.net/
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* `Busybox` 官方仓库：https://git.busybox.net/busybox/
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* `Busybox` 官方镜像：https://hub.docker.com/_/busybox/
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* `Busybox` 官方仓库：https://github.com/docker-library/busybox
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